Selected quad for the lemma: authority_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
authority_n	good_a	young_a	youth_n	83	3	9.0174	5	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A28200	The essays, or councils, civil and moral, of Sir Francis Bacon, Lord Verulam, Viscount St. Alban with a table of the colours of good and evil, and a discourse of The wisdom of the ancients : to this edition is added The character of Queen Elizabeth, never before printed in English.; Essays. Selections	Bacon, Francis, 1561-1626.; Gorges, Arthur, Sir, 1557?-1625.; Bacon, Francis, 1561-1626. Of the colours of good and evil.; Bacon, Francis, 1561-1626. Character of Queen Elizabeth.; Bacon, Francis, 1561-1626. De sapientia veterum. English.	1696 (1696)	Wing B296; ESTC R15973	195,963	328

but in new things abuseth them The Errors of Young Men are the ruin of Business but the Errors of Aged Men amount but to this that more might have been done or sooner Young Men in the conduct and manage of Actions embrace more than they can hold stir more than they can quiet fly to the end without consideration of the means and degrees pursue some few Principles which they have chanced upon absurdly care not to innovate which draws unknown Inconveniencies Use extream Remedies at first and that which doubleth all Errors will not acknowledge or retract them like an unready Horse that will neither Stop nor Turn Men of Age object too much consult too long adventure too little repent too soon and seldom drive business home to the full period but content themselves with a mediocrity of Success Certainly it is good to compound Employments of both for that will be good for the present because the vertues of either Age may correct the defects of both and good for Succession that Young Men may be Learners while Men in Age are Actors And lastly good for Extern Accidents because Authority followeth Old Men and Favour and Popularity Youth But for the moral part perhaps Youth will have the preheminence as Age hath for the politick A certain Rabbins upon the Text Your young Men shall see visions and your old Men shall dream dreams inferreth that Young Men are admitted nearer to God than Old because Vision is a clearer Revelation than a Dream And certainly the more a Man drinketh of the World the more it intoxicateth and Age doth profit rather in the powers of Understanding than in the Vertues of the Will and Affections There be some have an over-early Ripeness in their years which fadeth betimes These are first such as have brittle Wits the edge whereof is soon turned such as was Hermogenes the Rhetorician whose Books are exceeding subtil who afterwards waxed stupid A second sort is of those that have some natural Dispositions which have better grace in Youth than in Age such as is a fluent and luxuriant Speech which becomes Youth well but not Age So Tully saith of Hortensius Idem manebat neque idem decebat The The third is of such as take too high a strain at the first and are magnanimous more than Tract of years can uphold As was Scipio Africanus of whom Livy saith in effect Ultima primis cedebant XLIII Of Beauty VERTUE is like a rich Stone best plain set and surely Vertue is best in a Body that is comely though not of delicate Features and that hath rather Dignity of Presence than Beauty of Aspect Neither is it almost seen that very Beautiful Persons are otherwise of great Vertue as if Nature were rather busie not to err than in labour to produce Excellency and therefore they prove accomplished but not out of great Spirit and study rather Behaviour than Vertue But this holds not always for Augustus Caesar Titus Vespasianus Philip de Belle of France Edward the fourth of England Alcibiades of Athens Ismael the Sophy of Persia were all high and great Spirits and yet the most Beautiful Men of their times In Beauty that of Favour is more than that of Colour and that of decent and gracious Motion more than that of Favour That is the best part of Beauty which a Picture cannot express no nor the first sight of the Life There is no excellent Beauty that hath not some strangeness in the proportion A Man cannot tell whether Apelles or Albert Durer were the more trifler whereof the one would make a Personage by Geometrical Proportions the other by taking the best Parts out of divers Faces to make one excellent Such Personages I think would please no body but the Painter that made them Not but I think a Painter may make a better Face than ever was but he must do it by a kind of Felicity as a Musician that maketh an excellent Air in Musick and not by Rule A Man shall see Faces that if you examine them part by part you shall find never a good and yet altogether do well If it be true that the principal part of Beauty is in decent motion certainly it is no marvel though Persons in Years seem many times more amiable Pulchrorum Autumnus pubcher for no Youth can be comely but by pardon and considering the Youth as to make up the comeliness Beauty is as Summer-Fruits which are easie to corrupt and cannot last and for the most part it makes a dissolute Youth and an Age a little out of countenance but yet certainly again if it light well it maketh Vertues shine and Vices blush XLIV Of Deformity DEFORMED Persons are commonly even with Nature for as Nature hath done ill by them so do they by Nature being for the most part as the Scripture saith void of Natural Affection and so they have Revenge of Nature Certainly there is a consent between the body and the mind and where Nature erreth in the one she ventureth in the other Ubi peccat in uno periclitatur in altero But because there is in Man an Election touching the Frame of his mind and a Necessity in the Frame of his body the Stars of natural Inclination are sometimes obscured by the Sun of Discipline and Vertue Therefore it is good to consider of Deformity not as a Sign which is more deceivable but as a Cause which seldom faileth of the Effect Whosoever hath any thing fixed in his Person that doth induce Contempt hath also a perpetual Spur in himself to rescue and deliver himself from Scorn Therefore all Deformed Persons are extream bold First as in their own Defence as being exposed to Scorn but in process of time by a general Habit. Also it stirreth in them industry and especially of this kind to watch and observe the weakness of others that they may have somewhat to repay Again in their Superiors it quencheth Jealousie towards them as Persons that they think they may at pleasure despise and it layeth their Competitors and Emulators asleep as never believing they should be in possibility of Advancement till they see them in Possession so that upon the matter in a great Wit Deformity is an advantage to Rising Kings in ancient times and at this present in some Countries were wont to put great Trust in Eunuchs because they that are envious to all are more obnoxious and officious towards one But yet their Trust towards them hath rather been as to good Spials and good whisperers than good Magistrates and Officers And much like is the Reason of Deformed Persons Still the ground is they will if they be of Spirit seek to free themselves from Scorn which must be either by Vertue or Malice and therefore let it not be marvelled if sometimes they prove excellent Persons as was Agesilaus Zanger the Son of Solyman Aesop Gasca President of Peru and Socrates may go likewise amongst them with others XLV Of Building HOUSES are

second not to Can. But Power to do good is the true and lawful end of aspiring for good thoughts though God accept them yet towards Men are little better than good dreams except they be put in Act and that cannot be without Power and Place as the Vantage and Commanding Ground Merit and good Works is the end of mans motion and Conscience of the same is the accomplishment of mans rest for if a man can be partaker of God's Theater he shall likewise be partaker of God's Rest Et conversus Deus ut aspiceret opera quae fecerunt manus suae vidit quod omnia essent bona nimis And then the Sabbath In the Discharge of thy Place set before thee the best Examples for Imitation is a Globe of Precepts And after a time set before thee thine own Example and examine thy self strictly whether thou didst not best at first Neglect not also the Examples of those that have carried themselves ill in the same Place not to set off thy self by taxing their memory but to direct thy self what to avoid Reform therefore without bravery or scandal of former Times and Persons but yet set it down to thy self as well to create good precedents as to follow them Reduce things to the first Institution and observe wherein and how they have degenerated but yet ask Counsel of both Times of the Ancienter Time what is best and of the Latter Time what is fittest Seek to make thy Course Regular that men may know before-hand what they may expect but be not too positive and peremptory and express thy self well when thou digressest from thy Rule Preserve the right of thy Place but stir not questions of Jurisdiction and rather assume thy Right in Silence and de facto than voice it with Claims and Challenges Preserve likewise the Right of Inferior Places and think it more Honour to direct in chief than to be busie in all Embrace and invite Helps and Advices touching the Execution of thy Place and do not drive away such as bring Information as medlers but accept of them in good part The Vices of Authority are chiefly four Delays Corruption Roughness and Faction For Delays Give easie access Keep Times appointed Go through with that which is in hand and interlace not business but of necessity For Corruption Not only bind thine own hands or thy Servants hands from taking but bind the hands of Suitors also from offering For integrity used doth the one but Integrity professed and with a manifest detestation of Bribery doth the other and avoid not only the Fault but the Suspicion Whosoever is found variable and changeth manifestly without manifest Cause giveth suspicion of Corruption Therefore always when thou changest thine opinion or course profess it plainly and declare it together with the Reasons that move thee to change and do not think to steal it A Servant or a Favourite if he be inward and no other apparent Cause of Esteem is commonly thought but a By-way to close Corruption For Roughness It is a needless cause of Discontent Severity breedeth Fear but Roughness breedeth Hate Even Reproofs from Authority ought to be grave and not taunting As for Facility It is worse than Bribery for Bribes come but now and then but if Importunity or idle Respects lead a Man he shall never be without as Solomon saith To respect Persons is not good for such a Man will transgress for a piece of bread It is most true that was ancily spoken A Place sheweth the Man and it sheweth some to the better and some to the worse Omnium consensu capax Imperii nisi imperasset saith Tacitus of Galba but of Vespasian he saith Solus imperantium Vespasianus mutatus in melius Though the one was meant of Sufficiency the other of Manners and Affection It is an assured Sign of a worthy and generous Spirit whom Honour amends for Honour is or should be the place of Vertue and as in Nature things move violently to their place and calmly in their place so Vertue in Ambition is violent in Authority settled and calm All rising to Great Place is by a winding Stair and if there be Factions it is good to side a Mans self whilst he is in the Rising and to balance himself when he is placed Use the memory of thy Predecessor fairly and tenderly for if thou dost not it is a debt will sure be paid when thou art gone If thou have Colleagues respect them and rather call them when they look not for it than exclude them when they have reason to look to be called Be not too sensible or too remembring of thy Place in Conversation and private Answers to Suitors But let it rather be said When he sits in Place he is another Man XII Of Boldness IT is a trivial Grammar-School Text but yet worthy a wise Mans consideration Question was asked of Demosthenes What was the chief part of an Orator He answered Action What next Action What next again Action He said it that knew it best and had by nature himself no advantage in that he commended A strange thing that that part of an Orator which is but ●uperficial and rather the vertue of a Player should be placed so high above those other noble parts of Inven●ion Elocution and the rest Nay almost alone as if ●t were All in All. But the reason is plain There is ●n Humane Nature generally more of the Fool than of the Wise and therefore those faculties by which ●he foolish part of mens minds is taken are most potent Wonderful like is the case of Boldness in civil business What first Boldness What second and third Boldness And yet Boldness is a Child of Ignorance and Baseness ●ar inferior to other parts But nevertheless it doth fascinate and bind hand and foot those that are either ●hallow in judgment or weak in courage which are the greatest part yea and prevaileth with wise men at weak times Therefore we see it hath done Wonders in popular States but with Senates and Princes less and more ever upon the first entrance of Bold Persons into action than soon after for Boldness is an ill Keeper of Promise Surely as there are Mountebanks for the Natural Body so are there Mountebanks for the Politick Body Men that undertake great Cures and perhaps have been lucky in two or three Experiments but want the grounds of Science and therefore cannot hold out Nay you shall see a Bold Fellow many times do Mahomet ●s miracle Mahomet made the People believe that he would call an Hill to him and from the top of 〈◊〉 offer up his Prayers for the observers of his Law 〈◊〉 people assembled Mahomet called the Hill to him agai● and again and when the Hill stood still he was n●ver a whit abashed but said If the Hill will not come 〈◊〉 Mahomet Mahomet will go to the Hill So these 〈◊〉 when they have promised great matters and failed mo●● shamefully yet if they have the perfection of

of England King Henry the Fourth of France In the fourth place are Propagatores or Propugnatores Imperii such as in Honourable Wars enlarge their territories or make noble defence against Invaders And in the last place are Patres Patriae which Reign justly and make the times good wherein they live Both which last kinds need no Examples they are in such number Degrees of Honour in Subjects are First Participes Curarum those upon whom Princes do discharge the greatest Weight of their Affairs their Right Hands as we call them The next are Duces Belli Great Leaders such as are Princes Lieutenants and do them notable services in the Wars The third are Gratiosi Favourites such as need not this scantling to be Solace to the Soveraign and harmless to the People And the fourth Negotiis Pares such as have great places under Princes and execute their places with sufficiency There is an Honour likewise which may be ranked amongst the greatest which hapneth rarely that is of such as Sacrifice themselves to Death or Danger for the Good of their Countrey as was M. Regulus and the two Decii LVI Of Judicature JUDGES ought to remember that their Office is Jus dicere and not Jus dare To interpret Law and not to make Law or give Law Else will it be like the Authority claimed by the Church of Rome which under pretext of exposition of Scripture doth not stick to add and alter and to pronounce that which they do not find and by shew of Antiquity to introduce Novelty Judges ought to be more learned than Witty more Reverend than Plausible and more advised than Confident Above all things Integrity is their Portion and proper Virtue Cursed saith the Law is he that removeth the Land Mark. The mislayer of a meer-Stone is to blame but it is the unjust Judge that is the Capital Remover of Land-Marks when he defineth amiss of Lands and Property One foul Sentence doth more hurt than many foul Examples for these do but corrupt the Stream the other corrupteth the Fountain So saith Solomon Fons turbatus V●na corrupta est Justus cadens in causa sua coram Adversario The Office of Judges may have reference unto the Parties that sue unto the Advocates that plead unto the Clerks and Ministers of Justice underneath them and to the Soveraign or State above them First For the Causes or Parties that sue There be saith the Scripture that turn Judgment into Wormwood and surely there be also that turn it into Vinegar for Injustice maketh it bitter and Delays make it sour The principal Duty of a Judge is to suppress force and fraud whereof force is the more pernicious when it is open and fraud when it is close and disguised Add thereto contentious Suits which ought to be spewed out as the Surfeit of Courts A Judge ought to prepare his way to a Just Sentence as God useth to prepare his way by raising Valleys and taking down Hills So when there appeareth on either side an high Hand violent Prosecution cunning Advantages taken Combination Power Great Counsel then is the Virtue of a Judge seen to make Inequality Equal that he may plant his Judgment as upon an even Ground Qui fortiter emungit elicit sanguinem and where the Wine-Press is hard wrought it yields a harsh Wine that tastes of the Grape-Stone Judges must beware of hard Constructions and strained Inferences for there is no worse Torture than the Torture of Laws especially in case of Laws penal they ought to have care that that which was meant for Terror be not turned into Rigor and that they bring not upon the People that Shower whereof the Scripture speaketh Pluet super eos Laqueos for penal Laws pressed are a Shower of Snares upon the People Therefore let Penal Laws if they have been Sleepers of long or if they be grown unfit for the present Time be by wise Judges confined in the Execution Judicis Officium est ut Res ita Tempora Rerum c. In Causes of Life and Death Judges ought as far as the Law permitteth in Justice to remember Mercy and to cast a severe Eye upon the Example but a merciful Eye upon the Person Secondly For the Advocates and Council that plead Patience and Gravity of hearing is an essential part of Justice and an over-speaking Judge is no well-tuned Cymbal It is no Grace to a Judge first to find that which he might have heard in due time from the Bar or to shew quickness of conceit in cutting off Evidence or Counsel too short or to prevent Informations by Questions though pertinent The parts of a Judge in hearing are four To direct the Evidence to moderate length repetition or impertinency of Speech To Recapitulate Select and Collate the material Points of that which hath been said And to give the Rule or Sentence Whatsoever is above these is too much and proceedeth either of Glory and willingness to speak or of Impatience to hear or of shortness of Memory or of want of a stayed and eq●●l Attention It is a strange thing to see that the boldness of Advocates should prevail with Judges where as they should imitate God in whose seat they sit who represseth the Presumptuous and giveth Grace to the Modest But it is more strange that Judges should have noted Favourites which cannot but cause multiplication of Fees and suspicion of By-ways There is due from the Judge to the Advocate some Commendation and Gracing where Causes are well handled and fair pleaded especially towards the side which obtaineth not for that upholds in the Client the Reputation of his Counsel and beats down in him the conceit of his Cause There is likewise due to the Publick a civil Reprehension of Advocates where there appeareth cunning Counsel gross Neglect slight Information indiscreet Pressing or an overbold Defence And let not the Counsel at the Bar chop with the Judge nor wind himself into the handling of the Cause anew after the Judge hath declared his Sentence But on the other side let not the Judge meet the Cause half way nor give occasion to the Party to say His Counsel or Proofs were not heard Thirdly For that that concerns Clerks and Ministers The Place of Justice is an hallowed Place and therefore not only the Bench but the Foot-pace and Precincts and Purprise thereof ought to be preserved without Scandal and Corruption For certainly Grapes as the Scripture saith will not be gathered of Thorns or Thistles neither can Justice yield her Fruit with Sweetness amongst the Briars and Brambles of Catching and Poling Clerks and Ministers The Attendance of Courts is subject to four bad Instruments First Certain Persons that are sowers of Suits which make the Court swell and the Country pine The second sort is Of those that engage Courts in Quarrels of Jurisdiction and are not truly Amici Curiae but Parasiti Curiae 〈◊〉 puffing a Court up beyond her bounds for their own Scraps and