and it is not possible that Church can err or hath erred at any time in any point Rhem. Annot. on Mat. 23. 2. The twentieth Article of the Church of England Of the Authority of the Church THE Church hath Power to decree Rites and Ceremonies and Authority in Controversies of Faith And yet it is not lawful for the Church to ordain any thing that is contrary to Gods Word written neither may it so expound one place of Scripture that it be repugnant to another wherefore although the Church be a Witness and a Keeper of Holy Writ yet as it ought not to decree any thing against the same so besides the same ought it not to inforce any thing to be believed for necessity of Salvation The Presbyterians The Church has no Power to make any new Articles of Faith but ought simply to adhere to the Doctrine to which God has subjected all without exception It belongeth to Synods and Councils Ministerially to determine Controversies of Faith and Cases of Conscience to set down Rules and Directions for the better ordering of the publick Worship of God and Government of his Church To Receive complaints in Cases of male administration and Authoritatively to determine the same which Decrees and Determinations if consonant to the Word of God are to be receiv'd with Reverence and Submission not only for their Agreement with the Word but also for the power wherewith they are made as being an Ordinance of God appointed thereunto in his Word The Papists Hold that the Church hath Power to change the Sacraments ordain'd even by Christ himself as appears by this Decree of the Council of Trent This Holy Synod declares That the Church hath always had Power in dispensing the Sacraments their Substance being safe to appoint or change according to the variety of times and places such things as may most tend to the profit of the Receivers and greater Veneration of the Sacraments themselves and therefore though from the beginning of the Christian Religion the use of the receiving the Sacrament in both kinds was not unfrequent yet for certain grave and just Causes has approved the receiving only in one kind and decreed the same to be a Law The Church is to judge the Scriptures and not the Scriptures the Church The one and twentieth Article of the Church of England Of the Authority of general Councils GEneral Councils ought not to be gathered together without the Commandement and Will of Princes and when they be gathered together forasmuch as they be an Assembly of Men where of all be not governed with the Spirit Word of God they may err sometime have erred even in things pertaining to God wherefore things ordained by them as necessary to Salvation have neither Strength nor Authority unless it may be declared that they be taken out of Holy Scripture The Presbyterians For the better Government and further Edification of the Church there ought to be such Assemblies as are commonly call'd Synods or Councils As Magistrates may lawfully call a Synod of Ministers and other fit Persons to consult and advise with about matters of Religion so if Magistrates be open Enemies to the Church the Ministers of Christ of themselves by vertue of their Office or they with other fit Persons upon Delegation from their Churches may meet together in such Assemblies All Synods or Councils since the Apostles times whether general or particular may err and many have erred Therefore they are not to be made the Rule of Faith or Practice but to be used as an help in both Synods and Councils are to handle or conclude nothing but that which is Ecclesiastical and are not to intermeddle with Civil Affairs which concern the Common-Wealth unless by way of humble Petition in cases extraordinary or by way of advice for satisfaction of Conscience if they be thereunto required by the Civil Magistrate The Papists To the Popes it belongs to Appoint and direct general Councils Bulla Julii 3. Resumptionis Conc. Trid. A Diocesan Council is to be called by the Bishop a Provincial by the Archbishop a National one by a Patriarch or Primate but a general one the Pope can only call not the Emperour or any without the Popes Consent and approbation The Popes of Rome and not Christian Princes have the Authority and Power of making Laws Ecclesiastical and of calling Councils General Councils confirm'd by the Pope cannot err The two and twentieth Article of the Church of England Of Purgatory THE Romish Doctrine concerning Purgatory Pardons Worshipping and Adoration as well of Images as of Reliques and also Invocation of Saints is a fond thing vainly invented and grounded upon no warrantry of Scripture but rather Repugnant to the Word of God The Presbyterians Purgatory is a mischievous Invention of Satan making void the Cross of Christ intollerably contumelious unto the Mercy of God and which shaketh and overthroweth our Faith The Bodies of Men after Death return to Dust and see Corruption but their Souls which neither dye nor sleep having an immortal subsistance return to God immediately who gave them the Souls of the Righteous being then made perfect in Holiness are received into the highest Heavens where they behold the Face of God in Light and Glory waiting for the full Redemption of their Bodies and the Souls of the Wicked are cast into Hell where they remain in Torments and utter Darkness reserv'd for the Judgment of the last day Besides these two places for Souls separated from their Bodies the Scripture acknowledgeth none The Papists Whereas the Catholick Church guided by the Holy Ghost out of the Holy Scriptures the ancient Tradition of the Fathers and lately in this Vniversal Synod hath taught that there is a Purgatory and the Souls there detained are help'd by the Suffrages of the Faithful especially by the acceptable Sacrifice of the Altar Therefore this Synod commands Bishops that they diligently study and use their endeavours that the sound Doctrine of Purgatory delivered from the Holy Fathers and Sacred Councils be believ'd and heard of the Faithful of Christ and every where Taught and Preached And that the Suffrages of the Faithful living viz. Sacrifices of the Mass Prayers Alms and other works of Piety which are wont to be made by the Faithful for other Faithful People Deceased be piously and devoutly performed according to the Institution of the Church And that what is due for the same by any Persons Wills or otherwise shall not perfunctorily but diligently and accurately be paid and performed by the Priests and Ministers of the Church who are bound to do the same Seeing the power of bestowing Indulgences is by Christ bestowed on the Church and she even in the most ancient times hath used such Power given to her of God The most Holy Synod teacheth and commandeth that the use of Indulgences so wholesom for Christian People and approved by the Authority of Sacred
so full of Terror The four and thirtieth Article of the Church of England Of the Traditions of the Church IT is not necessary that Traditions and Ceremonies be in all places one or utterly like for at all times they have been diverse and may be changed according to the Diversity of Countries times and Mens manners so that nothing be ordained against Gods Word Whosoever through his private Judgment willingly and purposely doth openly break the Traditions and Ceremonies of the Church which be not repugnant to the Word of God and be ordained and approved by common Authority ought to be Rebuked openly that others may fear to do the like as he that offendeth against the common order of the Church and hurteth the Authority of the Magistrate and woundeth the Consciences of the weak Brethren Every particular and National Church hath Authority to Ordain Change and Abolish Ceremonies or Rites of the Church ordained only by Mans Authority so that all things be done to edifying The sense of this Article is explain'd by the Learned and Painful Mr. Rogers in his Comment on his 39 Articles Publisht in King James time and Attested in the Title-page to have been perused and by the Lawful Authority of the Church of England allowed to be Publick pag. 198. in the Words following Of Ceremonies and Traditions repugnant to the Word of God there be two sorts whereof some are of things meerly Impious and Wicked such was the Israelites Calf and Nebuchadnezzars Idol and be the Papistical Images Reliques Agnus Dei's and Crosses to which they give Divine Adoration These and such like be all flatly forbidden Others are of things by God in his Word neicommanded nor forbidden as of eating and not eating Flesh of wearing and not wearing some Apparel of keeping and not keeping some days Holy by abstinence from Bodily labour c. The which are not to be observed of any Christian when for sound Doctrine it is delivered that such Works do either merit Remission of Sins or be the acceptable Service of God or do more please than the observation of the Laws prescribed by God himself or necessarily to be done insomuch as they are damn'd who do them not We must therefore have always in mind that we are bought with a price and therefore may not be the Servants of Men and that no humane Constitution in the Church doth bind any Man to break the least Commandement of God The Presbyterians Use has obtain'd that those things be call'd Humane Traditions which are Establisht by Men for the Worship of God not grounded on any Warrant from his Word against these it is that we contend and not against Holy and Useful Constitutions of the Church which tend to preserve either Discipline or Honesty or Peace Our Lord has so faithfully comprehended and so plainly told the whole sum of true Righteousness and all the parts of his Worship that in those things he alone is to be heard but because he would not particularly prescribe every thing that we are to observe in external Discipline and Ceremonies since he foresaw the same would depend upon the condition of times nor did judge that one form would agree with all Ages we therefore ought to have recourse to the General Rules by him laid down that by the same all things which the necessity of the Church should require be exacted and therefore herein he did not expresly deliver any thing both because neither are those things necessary to Salvation and that they may variously be accommodated according to the manner of Nation and Age for the edification of the Church and as the profit of the Church requires We may as well change and abrogate those that have been used and institute new ones though we ought not frequently and on slight Causes recur to Innovation but what is prejudicial what is tending to Edification Charity will best judge which if in such Cases we suffer to be Moderatrix all will be safe And whatsoever things shall be instituted according to this Rule it is the Duty of Christian people with a Conscience still free and without superstition but yet with a pious and ready inclination to Obedience and Peace to observe not to contemn or with supine negligence omit much less ought they with Pride and Obstinacy openly to violate them Thus Calvin whose whole 10 Chapters on this Subject in the 4th Book of his Institutes whence these few sentences are briefly drawn is well worthy perusual and I conceive enough to satisfie any unprejudiced Reader That he intirely agrees with the true sense of the Church of England in this Article God alone is Lord of the Conscience and hath left it free from the Doctrines and Commandements of Men which are in any thing contrary to his Word or beside it in matters of Faith and Worship so that to believe such Doctrines or to obey such Commands out of Conscience is to betray true liberty of Conscience and the requiring of an implicite Faith and an absolute and blind obedience is to destroy Liberty of Conscience and Reason also They who upon pretence of Christian Liberty do practice any Sin or cherish any Lust do thereby destroy the end of Christian Liberty which is that being delivered out of the hands of our Enemies we may serve the Lord without Fear in Holiness and Righteousness before him all the days of our Life And because the Power which God hath Ordained and the Liberty which Christ hath purchased are not intended by God to destroy but mutually to uphold and preserve one another They who upon pretence of Christian Liberty shall oppose any Lawful Power or the Lawful exercise of it whether it be Civil or Ecclesiastical resist the Ordinance of God and for their publishing such practices as are contrary to the light of Nature or to the known Principles of Christianity whether concerning Faith Worship or Conversation or to the power of Godliness or such erroneous Opinions or Practices as either in their own Nature or in the manner of publishing or maintaining them are destructive to the external Peace and Order which Christ hath Established in the Church they may lawfully be called to account and proceeded against by the Censures of the Church and by the Power of the Civil Magistrate The Papists If any one shall say That the received and approved Rites of the Church Catholick may be contemned or at pleasure omitted by the Ministers without Sin or that they may by any Pastour of Churches be chang'd into any new ones Let him be Accursed Now that the Church of Rome prescribes and observes a vast multitude of Rites and Ceremonies too tedious here to be specified not only besides but contrary to Gods Word and without any real profit to the Church of Christ is notorious yet Durandus Rationale Liber Ceremoniarum and such like Popish Authors expresly obtrude their Trumpery as both necessary and unalterable The five and thirtieth Article of
the Church of England Of Homilies THE Second Book of Homilies the several Titles whereof we have joined under this Article doth contain a godly and wholesom Doctrine and necessary for these times as doth the former Book of Homilies which were set forth in the time of Edward the Sixth and therefore we judge to be read in Churches by the Ministers diligently and distinctly as they may be understood by the People Of the Names of the Homilies Of the right use of the Church Against peril of Idolatry c. The Presbyterians Do generally own the Truth of these Homilies nor do utterly disallow their being read in publick Assemblies provided it tend not to occasion Sloath and neglect of Gifts and the Divine assistance in Ministers nor hinder the greater Edification which the People might reap by the Word Preached unto them The Papists Do utterly Condemn a very great part of the Doctrine contained in these Homilies too tedious here to enumerate But the same will appear to any one that reads them and is at all acquainted with Popish Tenets The six and thirtieth Article of the Church of England Of Consecration of Bishops and Ministers THE Book of Consecration of Archbishops and Bishops and ordering of Priests aud Deacons lately set forth in the time of Edward the Sixth and confirmed at the same time by Authority of Parliament doth contain all things necessary to such Consecration and ordering neither hath it any thing that of it self is Superstitious and Ungodly And therefore whoever are Consecrated or Ordered according to the Rites of that Book since the second year of the afore-named King Edward unto this time or hereafter shall be Consecrated or Ordered according to the same Rites we Decree all such to be rightly lawfully and orderly Consecrated and Ordered The Presbyterians Do not deny the Ordination of the Church of England to be in it self lawful so as to esteem all those so Ordained not to be lawful Ministers of Christ The Papists Whoever taketh upon him to Preach to Administer the Sacraments c. and is not ordered by a true Catholick Bishop to be a Curate of Souls Parson Bishop c. is a Thief and Murderer of Souls Rhem. Annot. on John 10. 1. 1. Protestant Ministers and Preachers have no due mission For all their mission from the beginning of their Reformation was either the Inspiration of a Spirit they know not what or the Commission of a Child Edward the Sixth whom they called Supream Head of the Church and from whose Kingly Power all Jurisdiction as well Ecclesiastical as Civil they affirm'd did flow See Fox Tom. 2. anno 1546 in King Edward the Sixth Or the Letters Patents of a Woman Queen Elizabeth to whom they were pleas'd to Attribute the like Superiority and Power See Statut. anno primo Elizab. cap. 1. or the Illicite and Invalid ordination or mission of or by one Story an Apostate Monk who Ordained their first Bishops at the Nags-head in Cheapside in Q. Eliz. time See Christopherus de Sacro Bosco if they have any better let them prove it in the mean time let them know we value not a Straw Masons old new Records produc'd in the year 1613 which was a matter of 50 years after the thing now mentioned was Sacrilegiously and Invalidly done and most disgracefully and shamefully cryed down but those could not give them any Spiritual Authority Power or right to Preach For according to that received Maxim of the Law no Man can give more Right than he himself hath Cook l. 1. Therefore c. 2. Moreover a Bishop is to be Ordained by two or three Bishops Counc Apostol Can. 1. And a Priest and likewise a Deacon and the rest of the Clergy by a Bishop Ibid. Can. 2. Conc. Trid. Sess 23. Can. 7. But this Apostolical and needful manner of ordination or mission they never yet had For they rejected it quite and brought in an Heretical fashion in its stead in Edward the Sixths time Neither if they were willing could they have For as I said before their Bishops from the beginning of their Reformation had no other Ordination Consecration or Mission than the Commission of the King or Queens Pleasure For the Sacrilegious Illicite and invalid Ordination of or by Story which was the first pretended Holy mission of Protestants in England and from whence they hitherto derive their orders it was not worth a straw witness the fore mentioned Canons of the Apostolica Council c. And consequently their pretended Holy Orders thence derived are not worth a Pins Head Therefore they are not true Preachers what are they then Forsooth Intruders Wolves and Murderers Sons of Belial false Prophets and Priests of Baal which is their Heresie Rebellion and Stubbornness against the Church Thus that railing Rabshekah but the falsity of all such clamours was long since demonstrated by the Learned Mason in his Treatise of the Ordination of Bishops and Priests in the Church of England The seven and thirtieth Article of the Church of England Of the Civil Magistrate THE Kings Majesty hath the chief Power in this Realm of England and other his Dominions unto whom the chief Government of all Estates of this Realm whether they be Civil or Ecclesiastical in all Causes doth appertain nor is not nor ought to be Subject to any Forreign Jurisdiction where we attribute to the Kings Majesty the chief Government by which Titles we understand the minds of some dangerous Folks to be offended He give not to our Princes the Ministring of Gods Word or of the Sacraments the which thing the In junctions also lately set forth by Eliz. our Queen do most plainly testifie But that only Prerogative which we les to have been goven always to all Godly Princes in Holy Scriptures by God himself that is that they should rule all Estates and Degrees committed to their Charge by God whether they be Ecclesiastical or Temporal and restrain with the Civil Sword the stubborn and Evil doers The Bishop of Rome hath no Jurisdiction in this Realm of England The Laws of the Realm may punish Christian Men with Death for hainous and grievous Offences It is lawful for Christian Men at the Commandement of the Magistrate to wear Weapons and serve in the Wars The Presbyterians God the Supream Lord and King of all the World hath Ordained Civil Magistrates to be under him over the People for his own Glory and the publick good and to this end hath armed them with the power of the Sword for the defence and incouragement of them that are good and for the punishment of Evil doers The Civil Magistrate may not assume to himself the Administration of the Word and Sacraments or the power of the Keys of the Kingdom of Heaven yet he hath Authority and it is his duty to take order that Unity and Peace be preserv'd in the Church and that the Truth of God be kept pure and intire that all Blasphemies and
Utrum Horum OR THE Nine and Thirty Articles OF THE CHURCH of ENGLAND At large recited And compared with the DOCTRINES of those commonly called PRESBYTERIANS On the one side And the Tenets of the Church of Rome On the other Both faithfully quoted from their own most approved Authors By Hen. Care Rituum varietas Ecclesâ—e unitatem non tollit Modò Fideles secundum candem Doctrinae Regulam ambulent D. Elis. in Libro cui Titulus Defensio Fidei p. 130. LONDON Printed for R. Janeway in Queens-Head-Alley in Paternoster-Row 1682. TO THE READER 'T IS obvious That the Popish Interest hath of late years regain'd much Ground and is not a little enlarg'd and strengthen'd in the World as well by the Indefatigable Industry of their Priests and Jesuits the unnecessary feuds amongst the Reform'd and the unhappy Wars between Protestant Princes and States as more especially by the growing greatness of the French Monarch who now at last would colour his Insatiate aims at Glory and Empire by pretentions of propagating the Roman Religion and hopes thereby not only to engage all the Pontificial Clergy in favour of his Designs but also to Atone for all the Blood and Desolation wherin he hath involv'd Christendom If the extirpation of what they call HERESIE may but be one of the Consequents attending the Success of his Arms In particular 't is no less notorious That these Kingdoms of Great Brittain and Ireland labour at present under a Popish Conspiracy which by Supreme Authority has more than once and sure not inconsiderately or in Jest been declar'd HORRID and DAMNABLE a main Branch and Master-wheel of which has been sufficiently prov'd to be a Design of dividing and embroiling us amongst our selves To effect which observing that the Body of the people of England though generally agreeing in all necessary points of Christian Doctrine do yet consist in another respect of two Sorts 1. Those that have a Veneration for the Ecclesiastical Rites and Ceremonies retain'd by our first Reformers rather perhaps for prudential Reasons suitable to that Juncture than for any Apprehensions they had that the same were always obliging as the Apostles in the first and possibly only unerring Council that ever was held thought fit to caution their new Converts for avoiding of scandal to the Jews and hindrance of propagating the Gospel to abstain from Blood and things strangled which yet few Christians at this day or for many hundred years past have thought necessary to observe 2. Those that commending and blessing God for the happy Labours of those our pious Ancestours who in their day went so far do yet in this Age of Light and when Compliances with Ceremonies that may but seem suspicious or unwarrantable are neither advantageous nor Convenient for advancing the great Ends of Christianity but rather the contrary decline to join therein and cannot as they alledge with a safe Conscience embrace them especially when imposed as Necessaries to Church Communion The crafty Romish Incendiaries hence take an opportunity to heat the one of these against the other that with greater ease they may destroy them both And so far prevail That some Church-Men instead of abating any thing do rather seek to screw up their Ceremonies higher and appropriating to themselves the Title of The Church of England do not only exclude all others that cannot keep pace with them though otherwise Orthodox in Faith pious towards God Loyal to the King and peaceable with their Neighbours but likewise Brand them with the odious Titles of Whigs Fanaticks Enemies to the Church Disloyal to His Majesty Disturbers of the Government Factious and in a word represent them in such hideous Characters as if they were altogether insufferable a People that ought to be utterly extirpated as being no less Opposite to our Religion and as dangerous as Papists even the worst of them the Jusuites themselves and therefore do both seek to turn the edge of those Penal Laws originally intended against Popish Recusants on these Non-Ceremony-Conforming Protestants but also are not ashamed to own they have more kindness for the former than the latter and a greater aversion to Presbyterians than to Papists or if they do not say so in Words yet the same is too apparent from their deportment For how many are there who call themselves of the Church of England That upon the Discovery of the Popish Plot though the KING and several Parliaments had declared it were yet mighty unwilling to believe it and ready to disesteem the Evidence and excuse the Persons accused or at least to lay it only on the Jesuites and shift off the Odium from the rest of the Papists c. Whereas on the contrary the very same Men on the first Buz of a Presbyterian Plot though no such thing has to this minute been prov'd but on the contrary several wicked Forgeries and Shammings of pretended Plots upon them wonderfully detected shew themselves not only most ready and willing to credit it and busie to spread the Rumour but triumph and are tickled with any Story though never so false and foolish that looks that way and in their drunken Confusions and horrid Curses load all Dissenters in general with the Guilt of this imaginary Conspiracy Now is it not plain to every Considerate man That all this tends to nothing more than to embroil us in uncharitable implacable and endless Animosities at Home and dis joint us from all affectionate Alliances with and assistance towards the Reformed Churches abroad They being generally of the same Stamp as to Discipline the great matter in Controversie with our Dissenters What remains then in such a Juncture but that we should truly inform our selves of the real differences between the Establish'd Doctrines of the Church of England and the Opinions of these Protestant-Dissenters so much clamoured against on the one side and the Tenets of the Church of Rome on the other That so we may upon an Impartial Survey judge which is most opposite and at greatest distance and accordingly Treat them with more or less Condescention and Affection And if upon a just scrutiny we shall find that there is none or very little Essential difference between our Church and those called Presbyterians or Calvinists either at home or abroad That then we may lay by our Fury and Rancour and embrace one another as Brethren and cordially Join against the common Enemy To facilitate this happy and desired Union if this small Work may be of any use I shall think my pains in collecting it abundantly rewarded However there were several Reasons which to me seem'd important that swayed me thereunto As 1. I had observ'd That abundance of People who account themselves of and talk loudest about the Church of England never seriously perused nay have not so much as read or seen her Articles of Faith publisht by Authority Now I conceive it may be no unuseful Service to such Persons to recommend to them those Articles That
no longer they may remain in an Implicite Faith but read Consider and with understanding embrace what they before out of Compliance or Custom rather than Judgment seem'd to own and adhere to 2. There are many too That in words detest Popery yet not being throughly grounded in the Doctrines of the Church of England nor acquainted with those of the Church of Rome may be in danger of mistaking the one for the other and by Jacob's voice be deluded into Esau's hands and imbibe Poison unawares unless fortified against it by some such discriminating Antithesis 3. Hereby will appear the malice and falshood of these suggestions That the Dissenters stand at as great a distance from and are as much opposite to the legally Established Church of England as the Papists a mischievous conceit promoted by the Jesuites and other Factors for the See of Rome on purpose to divide and weaken us and consequently thereby to accomplish at last their own ends which are utterly to subvert and destroy all the Professors of the Reformed Religion whether Episcopal Presbyterial or under what ever other Denomination 4. I know not what could better tend to uniting us at least in affection amongst our selves than this demonstration That in the main and all essential Doctrinal points we are already agreed and since the other matters in Controversie are acknowledged to be indifferent what occasion is there for all this heat and violence unless the lesser our differences are the greater still must be our Animosities and Contentions about them 5. I do not despair but this small Treatise may be profitable to weak Capacities for instructing them in Fundamentals of Christian Religion since it contains a general Systeme of Faith rendered the more intelligible by the variety of Expressions though concurrent Sense of the Church-men and Protestant-Dissenters on the one side and the apparent Contradictions of the Papists on the other For Contraria juxta se posita magis Elucescunt contraries aptly compared illustrate each other Thus much for the End and general Intention of this Work As to the manner how it is perform'd I could indeed have wisht it might have come from some abler Hand whose Skill might have rendered it more useful and his Name more acceptable to the publick But rather a Mite than no Offering at all for the Churches Peace I have done what my small Reading and interrupted Leisure would permit and need only Advertise the Reader that here he shall find 1. The Nine and Thirty Articles of the Church of England agreed upon and Establisht Anno 1562. and never since altered but required by Law to be subscribed unto by all Ministers of our Church faithfully recited Verbatim and Printed in a different Letter 2. The Doctrines of those commonly called Presbyterians comprehending the Body of our Dissenters produc'd from the Confession of Faith agreed upon by the Assembly of Divines in the late Times and their Catechism and the Institutions of Mr. John Calvin 3. The Tenets of the Church of Rome delivered either in the Words of the Council of Trent or those of their great Champion Cardinal Bellarmine and the Annotations of their Colledge of Rhemes on the New Testament Other of their Authors sometimes but sparingly are Cited and never any but what are allowed by them and known to speak according to the common Dictates of that Church I knew not where to seek more Authentick Testimonies of each Parties Sentiments and can without Injury to Truth aver That I have not wilfully baulk'd added to detracted from or in any kind perverted the Sense of either side but fairly stated their Doctrines in their own words And generally without Reflections or Animadversions unless only where the matter is such that it could not justly be omitted Some may expect to have had added in a Fourth Comparison certain Notions advanc'd of late years by some Divines amongst us that seem to thwart these Articles of their Mother-Church which at their Ordination they solemnly subscribed But as the same have in part been already noted by others so my desire is rather to bring Balm than Vinegar to the too gaping wounds of the Church and without giving any such Exasperation shall hope That those Gentlemen will see and repent of such their Mistakes At least since Rectum est Index sui Obliqui A streight Line is the measure both of it self and of that too which is crooked I cannot despair but when once People are brought throughly to understand the Doctrines of the Church of England grounded on the Holy Scriptures without or contrary to which no Church in the World has any power to impose any Articles of Faith They will easily be able to discover such Aberrations and refuse them with a just Abhorrence though never so speciously obtruded But because there is such a noise raised and such heaps of Durt continually thrown on the memory of poor Mr. Calvin and those called Presbyterians whereby they would inflame us both to hardships towards dissenting Protestants at home and set us at odds with most of the Reformed Churches abroad I shall for the Information of the Vulgar Reader give a brief account here what esteem our Ancestors of the Church of England heretofore had both of John Calvin and those Neighbouring Churches and the Testimonies I shall avouch shall be of undoubted Authority both for Dignity and Learning The Reverend and Pious Dr. George Carleton Bishop of Chichester in a Book Intituled An Examination of those things wherein the Author of the late APPEAL holdeth the Doctrines of the Pelagians and Arminians to be the Doctrines of the Church of England Printed anno 1626 and Dedicated to King Charles the First p. 217 hath these Words Though the Church of England be the best Reformed Church yet it is not the only Reformed Church and it might seem no good Providence in us to stand so by our selves as to reject and disdain the Consent of other Churches though they do not agree with us in Discipline It is observed by Eusebius That Polycrates and Irenaeus did both reprove Victor because for matters of Ceremonies he was too much offended with other Churches which otherwise agreed with him in Doctrine Irenaeus doth admonish him That the ancient Bishops of Rome before Victor did keep Unity and Consent with the Eastern Bishops though in Ceremonies there was difference between them Omnes isti cum in Observantia vararierent inter semetipsos nobiscum semper pacifici fuerant Euseb l. 5. cap. 24. All those that varied in Observances yet were always peaceable both amongst themselves and with us He saith there also That the Dissonance in Ceremonies need not break the Consonance in Faith with those Churches which do not agree with us in Ceremonies if we seek the peace of the Churches that profess the same Doctrine or strugling as more like one sleeping than dying leaving with that noble Roman Aemilius Poverty with Honour to his Friends his Library and
of whose Authority was never any doubt in the Church viz. Genesis Exodus Leviticus Numbers Deuteronomy Joshua Judges Ruth 1 Samuel 2 Samuel 1 Kings 2 Kings 1 Chronicles 2 Chronicles Ezra Nehemiah Esther Job Psalmes Proverbs Ecclesiastes Solomons Song Isaiah Jeremiah Lamentations Ezekiel Daniel Hosea Joel Amos Obadiah Jonah Micah Nahum Habakkuk Zephaniah Haggai Zechariah Malachi And the other Books as Hierom saith the Church doth Read for Example of Life and Instruction of Manners All the Books of the New Testament as they are commonly Received we do Receive and Account them Canonical The Presbyterians Under the Name of Holy Scripture or the Word of God Written are now Contain'd all the Books of the Old and New Testament which are these Genesis c. just as the Church of England reckons them All which are given by Inspiration to be the Rule of Faith and Life The Books commonly called Apocrypha not being of Divine Inspiration are no part of the Canon of the Scripture and therefore are of no Authority in the Church of God nor to be any otherwise approved or made use of than other Humane Writings The Authority of the Holy Scripture for which it ought to be Believ'd and Obey'd dependeth not upon the Testimony of any Man or Church but wholly upon God who is Truth it self the Author thereof and therefore it is to be Receiv'd because it is the Word of God We may be mov'd and induc'd by the Testimony of the Church to an High and Reverend esteem of the Holy Scriptures And the Heavenliness of the Matter the Efficacy of the Doctrine the Majesty of the Stile the Consent of all the Parts the Scope of the whole which is to give all Glory to God the full Discovery it makes of the only way of Mans Salvation the many other incomparable Excellencies and the entire Perfection thereof are Arguments whereby it doth abundantly Evidence it to be the Word of God yet notwithstanding our full Perswasion and Assurance of the Infallible Truth and Divine Authority thereof is from the Inward Work of the Holy Spirit bearing Witness by and with the Word in our Hearts The whole Council of God concerning all things necessary for his own Glory Mans Salvation Faith and Life is either expresly set down in Scripture or by good and necessary Consequence may be deduc'd from Scripture unto which nothing at any time is to be added whether by New Revelations of the Spirit or Tradition of Men nevertheless we do acknowledge the Inward Illumination of the Spirit of God to be necessary for the saving understanding of such things as are Revealed in the Word and that there are some Circumstances concerning the Worship of God and Government of the Church Common to Humane Actions and Societies which are to be ordered by the Light of Nature and Christian prudence according to the general Rules of the Word which are always to be observed The Old Testament in Hebrew which was the Native Language of the People of God of old and the New Testament in Greek which at the time of the Writing of it was most generally known to the Nations being immediately inspir'd by God and by his singular Care and Providence kept pure in all Ages are therefore Authentical so as in all Controversies of Religion the Church is finally to Appeal to Them But because these Original Tongues are not known to all the People of God who have Right unto and Interest in the Scriptures and are Commanded in the Fear of God to Read and Search them Therefore they are to be Translated into the Vulgar Language of every Nation unto which they come that the Word of God dwelling plentifully in all they may Worship him in an acceptable manner and through Patience and Comfort of the Scriptures may have hope The Infallible Rule of the Interpretation of Scripture is the Scripture it self and therefore when there is a question about the true and full Sense of any Scripture which is manifold but one it must be searched and known by other places that speak more clearly The Supream Judge by which all Controversies of Religion are to be Determined and all Decrees of Councils Opinions of Ancient Writers Doctrines of Men and Private Spirits are to be examined and in whose Sentence we are to rest can be no other but the Holy Spirit speaking in the Scripture The Papists The Decree of the Council of Trent touching the Canonical Scriptures Session the Fourth The Holy Oecumenical and General Tridentine Council lawfully Congregated in the Holy Spirit the three Legats of the Apostolick See presiding therein considering That the Purity of the Gospel as to Truth and Discipline is contained in Books Written and in Traditions not Written which received by the Apostles from the Mouth of Christ himself or by the Apostles by the Dictates of the Holy Ghost delivered as from Hand to Hand have come down even unto us following the Example of the Fathers does with an equal Affection of Piety and like Reverence receive and regard as well all the Books of the Old and New Testament since one God is Author of both as such Traditions pertaining either to Faith or Manners the same being dictated either Orally by Christ or by the Holy Spirit and Conserv'd by a continual Succession in the Catholick Church and as touching the Books of Holy Scripture that none may doubt which they are which by this Sacred Synod are received an Index of them is annexed and they are as follows Of the Old Testament five Books of Moses that is Genesis Exodus Leviticus Numbers and Deuteronomy Joshua Judges Ruth Four Books of Kings under that name they include the two Books of Samuel two of Chronicles the first of Esdras and the Second which is called Nehemias Tobias Judith Esther Job David's Psalter of 150 Psalms Proverbs Ecclesiastes the Canticles Wisdom Ecclesiasticus Isaiah Jeremiah with Baruch Ezekiel Daniel Twelve lesser Prophets viz. Hosea Joel Amos Obadiah Jonas Micah Nahum Habakkuk Zephaniah Haggai Zechary and Malachi and the First and Second of the Maccabees Of the New Testament the Four Evangelists Matthew Mark c. as we reckon them And if any Person shall not receive all the said whole Books with all their Parts as they have wont to be read in the Catholick Church and as they are in the old Vulgar Latin Edition for Sacred and Canonical or knowingly shall contemn the aforesaid Traditions Let him be Anathema or Accursed And the said Sacred Council does also Appoint and Declare That the said old Vulgar Latin Edition which hath by the long use of so many Ages been approved of in the Church shall in all publick Readings Disputations Preachings and Expositions be esteemed Authentick And that none on any pretence whatsoever shall dare or presume to Reject the same And for the restraining of wanton Wits does likewise Decree That no one Person leaning on his own Prudence shall in matters of Faith and Manners pertaining to
Edification of the Christian Doctrine wresting the Scripture to his own Senses dare to interpret the Holy Scripture contrary to the Sense which Holy Mother Church whose Right it is to Judge of the true Sense of Sacred Scriptures hath held or doth hold or against the unanimous Consent of the Fathers though even such Interpretations be never intended to be Publisht Thus the very Words of that pretended Council wherewith agrees Bellarmine de Verbo Dei lib. 1. cap. 7 8 and 9. whereby it plainly appears That the Church of Rome not only Adds to Gods Word Six whole Books besides several parts of Books As the Epistle of Jeremiah the 13 and 14 Chapters of Daniel The Song of the three Children added to the 3d. of Daniel and an Appendix to the Third Chapter of Hester beginning v. 10. all which are in the Vulgar Latin more than the Church of England receives and holds her Accursed for not receiving them but also prefers the Vulgar Latin Edition the most Corrupt and Imperfect Edition extant before the original Texts in Hebrew and Greek And binds up all Christians to interpret Scripture in her own Sense and according to her Pleasure Nor is it any wonder That they should thus treat these Sacred Oracles if we Consider what Esteem they have of them This very Council you see accounts them Imperfect and not a sufficient Rule of Faith and Manners without Traditions and equals Traditions with them declaring They are to be received pari pietatis affectu reverentiâ with the very same Reverence and Pious Affection But the Council was subtlely modest For their Doctors cannot forbear to load the Word of God with Reproaches Scripturae sunt muti judices sunt veluti nasus quidam Cereus The Scriptures are dumb Judges and but like a Nose of Wax says Pighius de Ecclesia pag. 89 90. And Eccius calls them a Black Gospel and Inky Divinity Nor is Cardinal Bellarmine less hold For he maintains Scripturas sine Traditionibus nec simpliciter necessarias nec sufficienter Finem proprium praecipuum non fuisse ut esset Regula Fidei De Verbo Dei l. 4. cap. 4. and 12. That the Scriptures are not simply necessary nor sufficient without Traditions and that their proper and chief end was not That they should be a Rule of Faith And Eccius in his Enchiridion is very positive That the Scripture is not Authentick but by the Authority of the Church wherewith agrees Azorius Instit Mor. Part 2. l. 5. cap. 24. Scriptura Canonica non Agnoscitur aut habetur nisi Ecclesiae Authoritate probetur The Scripture is not own'd or esteem'd Canonical unless it be approved by the Authority of the Church In a Word nothing is more Common in the Works of Popish Authors than such Titles as these Of the Insufficiency of the Obscurity and of the Vncertainty of the Scripture c. Nor have their Practices been unsuitable For in the Bohemian Persecutions between the Years 1620 and 1630 the Papists were wont to say The Scriptures were the Fountain of Heresy and thereupon Nick-nam'd the Bible Wiblia which in the Bohemian Language signifies Vomit A thousand Bibles they burnt and destroyed some at the Market place as was done at Fulneck others brought them in Carts without the Walls as was done at Zalicum and Frutnovia others brought them in heaps to the Gallows as at Hadritium and so in great heaps burnt them The like was done in the Irish Massacre in 41. A plague on 't that damn'd Book has done all the Mischief said some of those Bloody Tories Nor do our English Papists want any thing but an Opportunity to Act the like Villanies For their Principle and Malice is the same as appears by one of their English Pamphlets Intituled The Reconciler of Religions Printed Anno 1663 and Dedicated to one Mr. Lawrence Dibusty Merchant of London in p. 26. we have these Words The Protestants and Sectaries saith he you see he makes no differencen the Case between the Church of England and Dissenters dash out for Apocrypha whole Books as Tobias Judith Ecclesiasticus Wisdom Maccabees Baruch c. whole Chapters as the 13 and 14 of Daniel from the 10 to the 16 of Esther Whole Histories as that of Susanna and the Elders of Bell and the Dragon c. All which the Vniversal Church of God receiveth for Authentical Holy and Canonical And thereupon p. 41. he concludes thus As the Protestant Bible is 't is no more the Word of God than is the Alchoran or Aesops Fables yea it is worse than Aesops Fables it 's a Diabolical Invention and an Heretical Labour and a Sacrilegious Instrument to Deceive and Damn all such poor Souls as Believe it and therefore worthy to be burnt with Fire in the middle of the Market at Noon and let all the People say Amen So be it I give you exactly his Words wherein you have the true Spirit of Popery others may politickly mince the Matter but this is their general Sentiment and accordingly they practice beyond the Seas where to have a Bible in the Vulgar Tongue is Capital And where is now the Man that hath the least Spark of Grace or Modesty that would rather be a Papist than a Presbyterian The seventh Article of the Church of England Of the Old Testament THE Old Testament is not contrary to the New For both in the Old and New Testament Everlasting Life is offered to Mankind by Christ who is the only Mediatour between God and Man being both God and Man wherefore they are not to be heard which feign that the Old Fathers did look only for Transitory Promises Although the Law given from God by Moses as touching Ceremonies and Kites do not bind Christian Men nor the Civil precepts thereof ought for necessity to be received in any Common-Wealth yet notwithstanding no Christian Man whatsoever is free from the Obedience of the Commandments which are called Moral The Presbyterians The Substance of this Article is Asserted and at large Explained and Proved by Calvin in the Second Book of his Institutions cap. 7. 9 10 and 11. too tedious here to Recite The Papists Two Clauses of this Article are Contradicted by the Papists First That of Christs being the only Mediatour between God and Man For they Assign Angels and Saints to be also Mediators and especially the Virgin Mary and pray to them accordingly But of this see more Article the 18 and 31. Secondly Whereas 't is said no Christian Man is free from the Obedience of the Commandements which are called Moral we know the Pope pretends he can dispense with the Moral-Law c. For we find in his Canon-Law Caus 15. q. 6. cap. 2. Auctoritatum in the Glosse are these Words Contra jus Naturale potest dispensare contra Apostolum The Pope can dispense against the Law of Nature and against the Apostles The eighth Article of the Church of England Of the three Creeds THE three Creeds
Nice Creed Athanasius Creed and that which is commonly called the Apostles Creed ought throughly to be Received and Believed for they may be proved by most certain Warrants of Holy Scripture The Presbyterians Say the very same thing For in the Confession of Faith of the French Reformed Church who are well known to be Calvinists Article the Fifth these are the Words Suivant Cela nous Advouans les Trois Symboles Ossavoir des Apostres de Nice d'Athanase pource qu'ils sont Conformes a la Parole de Dieu We avow the three Symbols viz. That of the Apostles that of Nice and that of Athanasius because they are agreeable to the Word of God The Papists Profess likewise to Believe these three Creeds but not upon the same Grounds which the Church of England and the Presbyterians do For they Believe and Embrace those Summaries of Faith because they are agreeable to and may be proved by Holy Scripture Whereas the Papists Believe them for the Authority of Tradition or of those Councils that made or Confirmed them And touching that called The Apostles Creed They tell this Story The Apostles before they departed one from another the time whereof is not certainly known all Twelve Assembled together and full of the Holy Ghost each laying down his Sentence agreed upon 12 principal Articles of the Christian Faith and appointed them for a Rule to all Believers which is therefore called and is The Apostles Creed not written in Paper as the Scripture but from the Apostles delivered by Tradition The ninth Article of the Church of England Of Original Sin ORiginal Sin standeth not in the following of Adam as the Pelagians do vainly talk but it is the Fault and Corruption of the Nature of every Man that naturally is Ingendred of the Off-spring of Adam whereby Man is very far gone from Original Righteousness and is of his own Nature inclined to Evil so that the Flesh lusteth always contrary to the Spirit and therefore in every Person born into this World it deserveth Gods Wrath and Damnation and this Infection of Nature doth Remain yea in them that are Regenerated whereby the Lusts of the Flesh called in Greek 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which some do expound the Wisdom some the Sensuality some the Affection some the desire of the Flesh is not subject to the Law of God And although there is no Condemnation for them that Believe and are Baptized yet the Apostle doth Confess that Concupiscence and Lust hath of it self the Nature of Sin The Presbyterians Our first Parents being seduced by the Subtilty and Temptation of Satan sinned in eating the forbidden Fruit This their Sin God was pleas'd according to his Wife and Holy Counsel to permit having purpose to order his own Glory By this Sin they fell from their Orignal Righteousness and Communion with God and so became dead in Sin and wholly defiled in all their Duties Faculties and Parts of Soul and Body They being the root of all Mankind the Guilt of this Sin was imputed and the same death in Sin and Corrupted Nature conveyed to all their Posterity descended from them by ordinary Generation From this Original Corruption whereby we are utterly indisposed disabled and made opposite to all Good and wholly inclined to all Evil do proceed all Actual Transgressions This Corruption of Nature during this Life doth Remain in those that are Regenerated and although it be through Christ Pardoned and Mortified yet both it self and all the Motions thereof are truly and properly Sin The Papists If any one shall deny that the Guilt of Crignial Sin is remitted by the Grace of our Lord Jesus Christ which is Conferred in Baptism or shall Assert That the whole thereof which has any true and proper Nature of Sin is not thereby taken away but shall say That the same is only Pruned or weakned or not Imputed Let him be Accursed Yet this Holy Synod Consesses and Believes That even after Baptism Concupiscence radix peccati the Root of Corruption does remain but it being left for Tryal or Exercise does not any way hurt those that Consent not thereunto This Concupiscence the Apostle sometimes calls Sin Rom. 6. 6. and 7. 5. But this Holy Synod does declare That the Catholick Church never understood it to be called Sin because it is truly and properly Sin in the Regenerate but because ex peccato est It is of Sin and inclines to Sin And whoever shall think otherwise Let him be Anathema So that once more the Church of England nay the Apostle too himself is not only Diametrically contradicted but expresly Cursed The tenth Article of the Church of England Of Free Will THE Condition of Man after the fall of Adam is such that he cannot turn and prepare himself by his own Natural Strength and good Works to Faith and calling upon God Wherefore we have no power to do good Works pleasant and acceptable to God without the Grace of God by Christ preventing us that we may have a good will and working with us when we have that good will The Presbyterians Man in his state of Innocency had freedom and power to will and to do that which was good and well pleasing to God but yet mutably so that he might fall from it Man by his fall into a state of Sin hath wholly lost all Ability of Will to any Spiritual Good accompanying Salvation So as a natural Man being altogether averse from that good and dead in Sin is not able by his own strength to Convert himself or to prepare himself thereunto When God converts a Sinner and translates him into the state of Grace he freeth him from his natural bondage under Sin and by his Grace alone inables him freely to will and to do that which is Spiritually good yet so as that by reason of his remaining Corruption he doth not perfectly nor only will that which is Good but doth also that which is evil The Will of Man is made perfectly and immediately free to Good alone in the state of Glory The Papists If any one shall say That the Free Will of Man moved and excited by God does not Co-operate by assenting to God exciting and calling whereby it prepares and disposes it self to obtain the Grace of Justification Let him be Accursed The eleventh Article of the Church of England Of the Justification of Man WE are accounted Righteous before God only for the merit of our Lord Saviour Jesus Christ by Faith not for our own works and deservings Wherefore that we are justified by Faith only is a most wholesom Doctrine and very full of Comfort as more largely is expressed in the Homtly of Justification The Presbyterians Those whom God effectually Calleth he also freely Justifieth not by insusing Righteousness into them but by pardoning their Sins and by accounting and accepting their Persons as Righteous not for any thing wrought in them or done by them
are wrought by us they are defiled and mixed with so much Weakness and Imperfection that they cannot endure the severity of Gods Judgment The Papists The Works which we do more than Precept be called works of Supererogation And ' t is evident against the Protestants that there be such Works A reward of Supererogation is given to them that of abundant Charity do more in the Service of God than they be commanded 'T is plain that the fastings and satisfactory deeds of one Man are available to others yea and that Holy Saints or other vertuous Persons may in measure and proportion of other Mens Necessities and Deservings allot unto them as well the Supererogation of their Spiritual Works as those that abound in Worldly Goods may give Alms of their Superfluities to them which are in necessity The fifteenth Article of the Church of England Of Christ alone without Sin CHrist in the Truth of our Nature was made like unto us in all things Sin only except from which he was clearly void both in his Flesh and in his Spirit He came to be a Lamb without Spot who by the Sacrifice of himfelf once made should take away the Sins of the World And Sin as St. John saith was not in him But all we the rest although Baptized and Born again in Christ yet offend in many things And if we say we have no sin we deceive our selves and the Truth is not in us The Presbyterians Christ the Son of God became Man by taking to himself a true Body and reasonable Soul being Conceiv'd by the power of the Holy Ghost in the Womb of the Virgin Mary of her substance and born of her yet without Sin The Covenant being made with Adam as a publick Person not for himself only but for his Posterity all Mankind descending from him by ordinary Generation sinned in him and fell with him in that first Transgression The Papists For the most part hold and maintain That not only our Lord Jesus but also that the Virgin Mary was without Sin both Original and Actual touching which the Council of Trent thus expresses it self This Holy Synod does declare That in this Decree wherein Original Sin is handled it does not intend to comprehend the Blessed and Immaculate Virgin Mary the Mother of God but that the Constitutions of Pope Sixtus the Fourth of happy memory shall be observ'd under the Penalties therein express'd The better to understand this The Reader must know that about the year 1200 Peter Lombard the Schoolman being very much at leisure began to dispute whether when the Virgin Mary by the Holy Ghost conceiv'd Christ it might not come to pass that she her self might then be cleansed and freed from all Sin and even Original Corruption Observe now how dangerous 't is and into what Absurdities they run that without Scripture will with shew of good Intention advance their own Conceits This which Lombard only disputed some of his Successors in the Schools went further and in short time prest it as an Article of Faith to be believ'd of all Christians That the Virgin Mary was Conceiv'd without Sin And of this Opinion the Franciscans were stout Asserters which was so far countenanc'd by the Pope that by a Bull he caused a Feast to be Celebrated in Honour of such the Virgins Conception But the Dominicans no less vigorously oppos'd this new Doctrine and so all Christendom came into a slame about it each Party charging the other with Heresie To appease which not daring to disoblige either Party he did by another Bull leave it indifferent making either side that should brand the others Notion as Heretical to be liable to Excommunication Which two Orders are the Constitutions here referr'd unto and for the Readers satisfaction that he may see what kind of things they are that must be so observ'd we shall here insert so much of them as is material faithfully translated as follows Pope Sixtus's first Bull. WHen with the search of a devout Consideration we inquire into and revolve in the secrets of our Breast those high and lofty Titles of Merits wherewith the Queen of Heaven the glorious Virgin-Mother of God preferr'd above the Etherial Seats shines as the morning Star far more bright than any of the rest of the Celestial Constellations That she being the Way of Mercy the Mother of Grace and the Friend of Piety the Comfortress of Humane kind the diligent and watchful Oratress that with the King whom she brought forth continually intercedes for the Salvation of the Faithful who are oppress'd with the burden of Sins We cannot but think it fit nay our Duty That all the Faithful of Christ should give Thanks and Praises for the wonderful Conception of the said Immaculate Virgin to Almighty God whose Providence from Eternity regarding that Virgins Humility for the reconciling Mankind obnoxious to Death by the fall of their first Parent again to its Author constituted her by the preparation of the Holy Spirit the Habitation of his only begotten Son who of her assumed the Flesh of our Mortality for the Redemption of his People and yet she after her Delivery an Immaculate Virgin to invite them by Indulgences and Remission of Sins to say and to be present at the Masses and other Divine Services appointed in the Church of God That so by the Merits and Intercession of the said Virgin they may be rendred more apt and fit for Divine Grace wherefore induc'd by this Consideration confiding in the Authority of the same Almighty God and of the Blessed Apostles Peter and Paul We do by our Apostolical Authority and this our Constitution for ever to be in force Appoint and Ordain That all and singular Christians of either Sex who shall devoutly Celehrate or say Mass and the Office of the Conception of the said glorious Virgin according to the Pious Devout and laudable Form and Institution of our beloved Son Mr. Leonard de Nogarolis Clerk of Verona our Notary and which is publisht by our Authority or shall be present at the Canonical Hours on the day of the Feast of the said Virgin Maries Conception and its Octaves as often as they so do shall altogether obtain the very same Indulgence and Remission of Sins as those do who according to the Constitutions of Urban the 4th approv'd in the Council of Vienna and Martin the 5th and others our Predecessors Popes of Rome Celebrate the Mass and Canonical hours on the Feast of the Body and Blood of our Lord from the first Vespers and during its Octaves These Presents to be observed for ever Dated at St. Peters at Rome the third Calends of March in the year of our Lord 1476 and of our Popedom the 6th The second Constitution T IS always very grievous and troublesome to us when ill things are related to us of Persons Ecclesiastick But so much the more sensibly are we provok'd with the excesses committed in Preaching by those who
are deputed to Evangelize the Word of God by how much it is more dangerous to suffer them to remain uncorrected since those Errors are not easily to be blotted out which by such publick Preaching are more spreadingly and daranably imprinted in the Hearts of Men. Whereas the Holy Roman Church does publickly and solemnly Celebrate the Festival of the Conception of the unspotted Mary always a Virgin and hath ordain'd a proper Office for the same There are yet as we hear some Preachers of several Orders that in their Sermons to the People publickly in several Cities and Countries have not blush'd to affirm and yet cease not daily to Preach That all those that hold or assert the said Glorious and Immaculate Mother of God to have been conceiv'd without any spot of Original Sin do mortally sin or that those are Hereticks who Celebrate the Office of her Immaculate Conception And that those sin grievously who frequent their Sermons who affirm her to be conceiv'd without Sin And not content with such Preachings they have also publisht Books to that purpose whereby no small scandals are risen in the minds of the Faithful and greater are every day feared We therefore willing as much as is granted us from on high to obviate such rash boldness and perverse and scandalous Assertions which may thence arise in the Church of God by our own motion and not at the instance of any but of our meer deliberation and certain Science do by Apostolical Authority and by the Tenour of these presents Reprobate and Damn as false erroneous and altogether void of Truth the said such Assertions of Preachers and all others who presume to affirm That those that Believe or hold the said Mother of God to have been preserv'd in her Conception from the stain of Original Sin are thereby polluted with any Heresie or that thereby they Sin or that those that Celebrate the said Office of her Conception or hear the Sermons of those of that Opinion do thereby incur any guilt of Sin And all Books containing any such Assertions And we do Command and Ordain That the Preachers or others of whatever State Degree Order or Condition soever that shall henceforwards presume in Sermons or in any other way to maintain That the Assertions by Vs so Condemned are true or read any of these Books shall ipso facto incur the sentence of Excommunication from which they shall not be Absolved by any but the Bishop of Rome except at the point of Death And by the like Authority we do likewise subject to the same Censure and Penalty all that shall assert the contrary Opinion viz. That those that assert That the Glorious Virgin Mary was conceiv'd with Original Sin do thereby incur the Crime of Heresie or mortal Sin since the same is not yet decided by the Roman Church and Apostolical See Let it therefore not be lawful to any to infringe or act contrary to this our Act of Reprobation Damnation Statute Ordinance Will and Decree If any one shall presume so to do Let him know that he shall incur the Indignation of Almighty God and of the Blessed Peter and Paul his Apostles Given at Rome at St. Peters in the Year of our Lords Incarnation 1483 and of our Popedom the 13th Pridie Nonas Septembris Now who would have thought but the Pope who pretends or at least this Council whom all Papists boast to have power to determine infallibly all Controversies would rather have put an end to this dispute than thus to continue the quarrel and leave it still doubtful But here lies the mystery The Trent Fathers resolv'd not to part with this Figment of the Schoolmen which could not be casheir'd without reflecting upon Pope Sixtus that thus ordain'd a Feast in memory of it And yet in this Age of Light were asham'd to define a thing so palpably contrary to Scripture and the apprehension of all Antiquity to be receiv'd as an Article of Faith and so politickly left it undetermined yet shew us which way they incline by continuing the Celebration of that Festival to this day The sixteenth Article of the Church of England Of Sin after Baptism NOT every deadly sin willingly committed after Baptism is Sin against the Holy Ghost and unpardonable wherefore the grant of Repentance is not to be denied to such as fall into Sin after Baptism After we have receiv'd the Holy Ghost we may depart from Grace given and fall into Sin and by the Grace of God we may arise again and amend our Lives And therefore they are to be Condemned which say they can no more Sin as long as they live here to deny the place of forgiveness to such as truly Repent St. Augustine in his Book de Heresibus cap. 38. tells us of Hereticks call'd Cathari or Novatiani that made every Sin after Baptism to be unpardonable and deny'd to receive any upon Repentance And cap. 82. he mentions certain Hereticks call'd Jovinianists from their first Author Jovinianus a Monk who held That after Baptism a man could not Sin This Article seems principally intended against these Errors and both Presbyterians and Papists agree it The seventeenth Article of the Church of England Of Predestination and Election PRedestination to Life is the everlasting purpose of God whereby before the Foundations of the World were laid he hath constantly decreed by his Counsel secret to us to deliver from Curse and Damnation those whom he hath chosen in Christ out of Mankind and to bring them by Christ to everlasting Salvation as Vessels made to Honour wherefore they that be indued with so excellent a Benefit of God be called according to Gods purpose by his Spirit working in due season They through grace obey the calling they be justified freely they be made Sons of God by Adoption they be made like the image of his only begotten Son Jesus Christ they walk Religiously in good Works and at length by Gods mercy they attain to everlasting Felicity As the Godly Consideration of Predestination our Election in Christ is full of sweet pleasant unspeakable comfort to Godly Persons such as feel in themselves the working of the Spirit of Christ mortifying the works of the Flesh and their Earthly Members and drawing up their minds to high and heavenly things as well because it doth greatly establish and confirm their Faith of Eternal Salvation to be enjoyed through Christ as because it doth frequently kindle their love towards God so for curious and carnal Persons lacking the Spirit of Christ to have continually before their Eyes the Sentence of Gods Predestination is a most dangerous downfal whereby the Devil doth thrust them into Desperation or into Wretchlesness of most unclean living no less perillous than Desperation Furthermore we must receive Gods Promises in such wise as they be generally set forth in Holy Scripture and in our doings that Will of God is to be followed which we have expresly declared unto us in the
Councils be retained in the Church and accurseth those who either avouch them to be unprofitable or deny that there is any power in the Church to grant them Let them teach that the Images of Christ the Virgin-Mother of God and other Saints are chiefly in Churches to be had and retained and that due Honour and Worship is to be given to them They who deny That the Saints enjoying Eternal happiness in Heaven are to be called upon or who affirm either that they pray not for us Men or that Invocation of them to pray for us is Idolatry or contrary to the Word of God and repugnant to the Honour of the only Mediatour between God and Men Jesus Christ or that it is folly either by Word and Thought to make supplications to them that reign in Heaven are of an impious Opinion The three and twentieth Article of the Church of England Of Ministring in the Congregation IT is not lawful for any Man to take upon him the Offfce of publick Preaching or Ministring the Sacraments in the Congregation before he be lawfully called and sent to execute the same And those we ought to judge lawfully called and sent which be chosen and called to this work by Men who have publick Authority given unto them in the Congregation to call and send Ministers into the Lords Vineyard The Presbyterians No Man ought to thrust himself to teach or govern in the Church unless he be carefully called thereunto The Papists Whoever shall say That those which are not rightly Ordain'd by Ecclesiastical and Canonical Power but come from elsewhere are lawful Ministers of the Word and Sacraments Let him be Accursed The four and twentieth Article of the Church of England Of speaking in the Congregation in such a Tongue as the People understandeth IT is a thing plainly repugnant to the Word of God and the Custom of the Primitive Church to have publick Prayers in the Church or to Minister the Sacraments in a Tongue not understood of the People The Presbyterians Publick Prayers are to be made in the Vulgar Tongue not in Latin amongst the French and English but so as they may be understood by the whole Assembly forasmuch as it ought to be done to the Edification of the whole Church unto whom by a sound not understood no profit can in any fort Redound Prayer with Thansgiving being one special part of Religious Worship is by God required of all Men and that it may be accepted it is to be made in the name of the Son by the help of his Spirit according to his Will with Understanding Reverence Humility Fervency Faith Love and Perseverance and if Vocal in a known Tongue The Papists Although the Mass contain great Instruction of Faithful People yet it seem'd not expedient to the Fathers that it should every where be said in the Vulgar Tongue If any one shall say That the Rite of the Church of Rome by which part of the Canon and words of Consecration are pronounced with a lower voice is to be Condemned or that the Mass ought to be Celebrated only in the Vulgar Tongue Let him be Accursed It is not necessary that we understand our Prayers Prayers not understood of the People are acceptable to God The Five and twentieth Article of the Church of England Of the Sacraments SAcraments Ordained of Christ be not only Badges or Tokens of Christian-mens profession but rather they be certain Witnesses and effectual Signs of Grace and Gods good Will towards us By the which he works invisibly in us and doth not only quicken but strengthen and confirm our Faith in him There are two Sacraments ordained by Christ our Lord in the Gospel that is to say Baptism and the Supper of the Lord. Those five commonly called Sacraments that is to say Confirmation Pennance Orders Matrimony extream Unction are not to be counted for Sacraments of the Gospel being such as have grown partly of the Corrupt following of the Apostles partly as states of Life allowed in the Scripture but yet have not like Nature of Sacraments with Baptism and the Lords Supper for that they have not any visible Sign or Ceremony ordained of God The Sacraments were not ordained of God to be gazed upon or to be carried about but that we should duly use them And in such only as worthily receive the same they have a wholesom Effect or Operation but they that receive them unworthility purchase unto themselves Damnation as St. Paul saith The Presbyterians There be only two Sacraments ordained by Christ our Lord Baptism and the Lords Supper neither of which can be dispensed by any but by a Minister of the Word lawfully Ordained Private Masses or receiving the Sacrament by a Priest or any other alone as likewise the denial of the Cup to the People worshipping the Elements the lifting them up or carrying them about for Adoration and the reserving them for any pretended Religious use are all contrary to the Nature of this Sacrament and to the Institution of Christ The Papists If any one shall say That the Sacraments of the new Law were not all substituted by Christ or that they are more or fewer than seven viz. Baptism Confirmation Eucharist Pennance Extream Unction Holy Orders and Matrimony or that any of these is not truly and properly a Sacrament Let him be Accursed If any one shall say That'tis not lawful to reserve the Holy Eucharist but that the same is presently to be distributed or that it is not to be Ador'd even with the outward Worship or that it ought not solemnly to be carried about in Processions or shewn publickly to be adored to the People or that it is not lawful to hear it Honourably to the Sick Let him be Accursed If any one shall say That by the Sacraments themselves of the New Testament ex opere operato meerly by the thing done Grace is not conferred but that the Faith of the Divine Promise suffices to obtain Grace Let him be Accursed If any one shall say That in Ministers whilst they make and confer the Sacraments there is not required an Intention at least of doing that which the Church does Let him be Accursed The six and twentieth Article of the Church of England Of the unworthiness of the Ministers which hinder not the Effect of the Sacraments ALthough in the visible Church the Evil be ever mingled with the Good and sometime the Evil have chief Authority in the Ministration of the Word and Sacraments yet forasmuch as they do not the same in their own Name but Christs and do Minister by his Commission and Authority we may use their Ministry both in hearing of the Word of God and in the receiving the of Sacraments neither is the effect of Christs Ordinance taken away by their Wickedness nor the Grace of Gods Gifts diminished from such as by Faith and rightly do receive the Sacraments Ministred unto them
the Living but also for those that are departed in Christ who are not yet fully purged Whoever saith That by the Sacrifice of the Mass the most Holy Sacrifice of Christ finished on the Cross is Blasphemed or that it derogateth from it Let him be Anathema The two and thirtieth Article of the Church of England Of the Marriage of Priests BIshops Priests Deacons are not commanded by Gods Law either to vow the Estate of single life or to abstain from Marriage Therefore it is Lawful for them also as for all other Christian Men to Marry at their own discretion as they shall judge the same to serve better to Godliness The Presbyterians Certainly the forbidding Marriage to Priests is an ungodly Tyranny not only against Gods Word but also against all Equity If an impossible Vow be the certain destruction of the Soul which God would have to be Saved not lost it follows That we are not to persist therein but the Vow of Continency to those who have not a special Gift is impossible The Papists Whosoever shall say That Clerks entred into Holy Orders or Regulars that is Monks Friers and Nuns having solemnly professed Chastity may contract Matrimony or that being contracted it is good any Law Ecclesiastick or Vow notwithstanding or that all who feel not that they have the Gift of Chastity may although they have vowed it Marry Let him be Anathema The three and thirtieth Article of the Church of England Of Excommunicated Persons how they are to be avoided THat Person which by open Denunciation of the Church is rightly cut off from the Vnity of the Church and Excommunicated ought to be taken of the whole multitude of the Faithful as an Heathen and Publican until he be openly reconciled by Pennance and received into the Church by a Judge that hath Authority thereunto The Presbyterians Church Censures are necessary for the reclaiming and gaining of offending Brethren for the deterring of others from the like offences for the purging out of that Leaven which might infect the whole lump for vindicating the Honour of Christ and the Holy profession of the Gospel and for preventing the wrath of God which might justly fall upon the Church if they should suffer his Covenant and the Seals thereof to be profan'd by notorious and obstinate offenders For the better obtaining of these ends the Officers of the Church are to proceed by Admonition Suspension from the Sacrament of the Lords Supper for a season and by Excommunication from the Church according to the nature of the Crime and demerit of the Person The Papists Do not in Terms contradict this Article but are guilty of many Errors and vile Superstitions about Excommunication As 1. In the form of it For thus Gratian in the Decrees Caus 11. q. 3. cap. 106. debent reports the manner of it in that Church Twelve Priests ought to stand round about the Bishop with lighted Tapers in their hands which at the end of the Curse or Excommunication they ought to throw upon the ground and tread upon with their Feet and then a Letter is to be sent throughout the Parishes with the Names of those Excommunicated and the Causes of it Others relate the Ceremony more largely thus That it is done with three Candles or Tapers and that they Curse the Parties Soul and Body to the Devil and say Let us quench their Souls in Hell Fire if they be Dead as this Candle is put out and therewith one of the lights is presently extinguisht If they be alive Let us pray that their Eyes may be put out at this Candle and so out goes the Second And that all their Senses may fail them as this Candle loseth its light and so the Third is gone All which is performed with ringing of a Bell as the Magdeburgenses Cent. 13. cap. 6. relate whence arises our Proverb of Cursing With Bell Book and Candle 2. In the Causes of it gross Sins escape For their ungodly Law saith He that hath not a Wife but instead of a Wife a Concubine Let him not be debarred from the Communion They are the very Words of Gratian decret dist 34. cap. 4. Is qui non habet Uxorem pro Uxore Concubinam a Communione non repellatur and yet they Trifle with this Tremendous Censure in most trivial Cases The Arch Bishop of Canterbury in King Henry the 4ths time laid an Interdict on the Churches of London for not Ringing their Bells when he went through the City D'Auroult himself a Jesuite in his Book Intituled Flores Exemplorum Tom. 1. Tit. 63. ex 9. Licensed by the Provincial of that Order not 70 years ago complains thus We are fallen now saith he into such times That if a Person hath but lost his Rakes or Mattocks or his Fork he thinks he cannot find them by any more convenient means than by the Sentence of Excommunication viz. upon the Stealers if they do not Restore them 'T is true the Council of Trent Sess 25. cap. 3. inter Decret Reform Ordains That no Excommunications for discovery as they are called of lost or stollen Goods should pass by any other Person than the Bishop himself and then with great Circumspection Which shews that such abuses had been commonly practis'd and that they held the same not unlawful Provided the Bishop granted the Sentence 3. In the Subjects They extend it to the Dead Their grand Council of Constance Cursed Wickliffe more than forty Years after he was Dead And D'Auroult in his Book last cited Tom. 1. Tit. 62. Ex. 1. gravely gives the Reason of it Although saith he the Dead cannot properly be Excommunicated or Absolv'd yet in as much as they are in respect of their Bodies either in the Bowels of the Earth or upon it the Church for terrors sake Excommunicateth and Absolveth some Nay they thunder it out against Insects and Inanimate things For St. Bernerd they tell us Excommunicated the Flies that troubled him when he went about to Consecrate an Oratory at Fusniack and in the Morning they were all found dead if you will believe the Life of that Saint l. 1. cap. 12. Sparrows us'd to foul St. Vincents Church The Bishop of the Place Excommunicated them and they never came there more nay if any caught a Sparrow and thrust it into the Church 't would presently dye de Tempore Serm. 69. A Priest saying Mass to the Young Men they would be running out to gather Fruit in an adjoining Orchard and he Excommunicated it and it ever after was barren Promptuar Serm. dist Exempl 41. To conclude the Devil himself hath not escaped them A Woman was six years plagued with an Incubus Devil soliciting her to naughtiness she complains to St. Bernard he Excommunicates the Devil and Interdicts his Access to her or any other St. Antonines Chronicle part 2. tir 17. cap. 5. Sect. 9. What a graceless Religion is this to tell such ridiculous lyes and sport thus with an Institution