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A53723 The principles of the doctrine of Christ: unfolded in two short catechismes, wherein those principles of religion are explained, the knowledge whereof is required by the late ordinance of Parliament, before any person bee admitted to the sacrament of the Lords Supper. For the use of the congregation at Fordham, in the county of Essex. By John Owen pastor there. Owen, John, 1616-1683. 1645 (1645) Wing O796; ESTC R214593 28,293 68

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1.17 Mark 16.16 Ephes. 5.26 Q. 3. How doe our Sacraments differ from the Sacraments of the Jewes A. Accidentally onely in things concerning the outward matter and form as their number quality clearnesse of signification and the like not essentially in the things signified or grace confirmed 1 Cor. 10.1 2 3 c. Joh. 6.35 1 Cor. 5.7 Phil. 3.3 Col. 2.11 CHAP. XXIII Of Baptisme Q. 1. Which are these Sacraments A. Baptisme and the Lords Supper Q. 2. What is Baptisme A. An a holy action appointed (1) (2) of Christ whereby being sprinkled with water in the name of the whole Trinity by a lawfull Minister of the Church b wee are admitted into the family of God c and have the benefits of the blood of Christ confirmed unto us a Matth. 28.19 Mark 16.15 16. b Act. 2.41 8.37 c Act. 2.38 39. Joh. 3.5 Rom. 6.3 4 5. 1 Cor. 12.13 Q. 3. To whom doth this Sacrament belong A. Unto all to whom the promise of the Covenant is made that is to beleevers and to their seed Act. 2.39 Gen. 17.11 12. Act. 16.15 Rom. 4.10 11. 1 Cor. 7.14 Q. 4. How can Baptisme seale the pardon of all sins to us all our personall sins following it A. Inasmuch as it is a seale of that promise which gives pardon of all to beleevers Act. 2.39 Rom. 4.11 12. CHAP. XXIV Of the Lords Supper Q. 1. What is the Lords Supper A. An a holy action instituted and (1) appointed by Christ b to set forth his death c and communicate unto us spiritually his body and blood by Faith being d represented by bread and wine e blessed by his Word and Prayer f broken (2) powred out and received of beleevers a Mat. 26.20 21 Luk. 22.14 15 16 17 18 19 20. 1 Cor. 11 23 24. b Luk. 22.19 1 Cor. 11.25 26. c Mark 14.22 23 24. 1 Cor. 11.24 25. Joh. 6.63 d 1 Cor. 11.23 25. e 1 Cor. 11.24 Mat. 26.26 f Mat. 26.26 Mark 14.22 Luk. 22.19 Q. 2. When did Christ appoint this Sacrament A. On the night wherein hee was betrayed to suffer 1 Cor. 11.23 Q. 3. Whence is the right use of it to bee learned A. From the Word (3) practice and actions of our Saviour at its institution Q. 4. What were the actions of our Saviour to bee imitated by us A. First blessing the elements by prayer secondly breaking the bread and powring out the wine thirdly distributing them to the receivers sitting in a Table gesture Matth. 26.26 Mark 14.22 Luk. 22.19 20. 1 Cor. 11.23 24. Q. 5. What were the words of Christ A. First of command Take eate secondly of promise This is my body thirdly of institution for perpetuall use This doe c. 1 Cor. 11.24 25 26. Q. 6. Who are to bee (4) (5) receivers of this Sacrament A. Those onely have a true right to the signes who by Faith have an holy interest in Christ the thing signifyed 1 Cor. 11.27 28 29. Joh. 6.63 Q. 7. Do the elements remain bread and wine still after the blessing of them A. Yes all the spirituall change is wrought by the Faith of the Receiver not the words of the giver to them that beleeve they are the body and blood of Christ Joh. 6.63 1 Cor. 10.4 11.29 CHAP. XXV Of the Communion of Saints the fifth priviledge of beleevers Q 1. What is the communion of Saints A. An holy conjunction (1) between all Gods people wrought by their participation of the same spirit whereby wee are all made members of that one body whereof Christ is the head C●nt 6.9 Ier. 32.39 Ioh. 17.22 1 Cor. 12.12 Ephes. 4.3 4 5 6.13 1 Ioh. 1.3.6 7. Q. 2. Of what sort is this union A. First a spirituall and internall in the injoyment of the same spirit and graces which is the union of the Church Catholick secondly b externall and ecclesiasticall in the same outward Ordinances which is the union of particular Congregations a 1 Cor. 12.12 13. Ephes. 2.16 19 20 21 22. 1 Cor. 10.17 Ioh. 17.11.21 22. Ioh. 10.16 Heb. 2.11 b 1 Cor. 1.10 11. Rom. 12.5 1 Cor. 12.27 28. Ephes. 4.11 12 13. Phil. 2.2 Col. 3.15 1 Pet. 3.8 CHAP. XXVI Of particular Churches Q. 1. What are particular Churches A. Peculiar a assemblies (1) (2) of Professors in one place b under Officers of Christs institution c injoying the Ordinances of God d and leading lives beseeming their holy calling a Act. 11.26 1 Cor. 4.17 11.12 2 Cor. 1.1 b Act. 20.17.28 14.23 2 Cor. 8.23 Heb. 13.17 c 1 Cor. 1.5 Revel. 2.1 2 3. d 2 Thess. 3.5.6.11 Gal. 6.16 Phil. 3.18 1 Thess. 2.12 Q. 2. What are the Ordinary Officers of such Churches A. First a Pastors or Doctors (3) to teach and exhort secondly b Elders to assist in rule and government thirdly c Deacons to provide for the poore a Rom. 12.7 8. Ephes. 4.11 1 Cor. 12.28 b Rom. 12.8 1 Tim. 5.17 c Act. 6.2 3. Q. 3. What is required of these Officers especially the chiefest or Ministers A. a That they bee faithfull in the Ministry committed unto them b sedulous in dispensing the Word c watching for the good of the soules committed to them d going before them in an example of all godlinesse and holinesse of life a 1 Cor. 4.2 Act. 20.18 19 20. b 2 Tim. 2.15 4.1 2 3 4 5. c Tit. 1.13 1 Tim. 4.15 16. d Tit. 2.7 1 Tim. 4.12 Matth. 5.16 Act. 25. Q. 4. What is required in the people unto them A. Obedience a to their message and Ministery b honour and love to their persons c maintenance to them and their families a 2 Cor. 5.20 Rom. 6.17 Heb. 13.17 2 Thess. 3.14 Rom. 16.19 2 Cor. 10.4 5 6. b 1 Cor. 4.1 Gal. 4.14 1 Tim. 5.17 18. c Luk. 10.7 Jam. 5.4 1 Tim. 5.17 18. 1 Cor. 9.9 10 11 12 13. Chap. 1. Of the Greater Chap. 2. Chap. 3. Chap. 4. Chap. 5 6. Chap. 7. Chap. 8. Chap. 9. Chap. 10. Chap. 11. Chap. 12. Chap. 13. Chap. 14. Chap. 15. Chap. 16. Chap. 17. Chap. 18. Chap. 19. Chap. 20. Chap. 21. Chap. 22. Chap. 23. Chap. 24. Chap. 25. (1) Every one out of this way everlastingly damned (2) The life of Religion is in the life (3) Popish traditions are false lights leading from God (4) The authority of the Scripture dependeth not on the authority of the Church as the Papists blaspheme (5) All humane inventions unnecessary helps in the worship of God (6) The Word therefore is the sole directory for faith worship and life (7) This alone perswadeth inwardly convinceth the heart of the divine verity of the Scripture other motives also there are from without and unanswerable arguments to prove the truth of them as I their antiquity 2 preservation from fury 3 prophesies in them 4 the holinesse and Majesty of their Doctrine agreeable to the nature of God 5 Miracles 6 the testimony of the Church
a c Prophet a Psal. 2.6 b Psal. 110.4 c Deut. 18.15 Q. Hath hee these Offices peculiarly by nature A. No hee onely received them for the present dispensation untill the work of redemption bee perfected Psal. 110.1 Act. 2.36 10.42 1 Cor. 13.12 15.27 28. Phil. 2.9 Heb. 3.2.6 2.7 8 9. Q. 3. Wherein doth the Kingly Office of Christ consist A. In a twofold power first his power of ruling in and over his Church secondly his power of subduing his enemies Psal. 110.3 4 5 6 7. Q. 4. What is his ruling power in and over his people A. That supreme authority which (3) (4) for their everlasting good hee useth towards them whereof in generall there bee two acts first a intern●ll and spirituall in converting their soules unto him making them unto himself a willing obedient persevering people secondly b externall and ecclesiasticall in giving perfect Laws and Rules for their government as gathered into holy societies under him a Esa. 53.12 59.20 21. with Heb. 8.10 11 12. Esa. 61.1 2. Ioh. 1.16 12.32 Mark 1.15 Mat. 28.20 2 Cor. 10.4 5. b Mat. 16.19 1 Cor. 12.28 Ephes. 4.8 9 10 11 12 13 14. 2 Tim. 3.16 17. Revel. 22.18 19. Q. 5. How many are the acts of his Kingly power towards his enemies A. Two also first a internall by the (5) mighty working of his Word and the spirit of bondage upon their hearts convincing amazing terrifying their consciences hardning their spirits for ruine secondly b externall in judgements and vengeance which oft times hee beginneth in this life and will continue unto eternity a Psal. 110. Ioh. 6.46 8 59. 9.41 12.40 2 Cor. 10.4 5 6. 1 Cor. 5.6 1 Tim. 1.20 b Mark 16.16 Luk. 19.21 Act. 13.11 Revel. 17.14 CHAP. XII Of Christs Priestly Office Q. 1. By what meanes did Jesus Christ undertake the Office of an eternall Priest A. By a the Decree Ordination and will of God his Father b whereunto hee yeelded voluntary obedience so c that concerning this there was a compact and Covenant between them a Psal. 110.4 Heb. 4.5 6. 7.17 18. b Esa. 50.4 5 6. Heb. 10 5 6 7 8 9 10. c Psal. 2.7 8. Esa. 53.8 10 11 12. Phil. 2.7 9. Heb. 12.2 Ioh. 17.2 4. Q. 2. Wherein doth his execution of this Office consist A. In bringing his people unto God Heb. 2.10 and 4 15. and 7.25 Q. 3. What are the parts of it A. First a oblation secondly b intercession (1) a Heb. 9.13 b Heb. 7.25 Q. 4. What is the oblation of Christ A. The a offering up of himselfe upon the Altar of the Crosse an holy propitiatory sacrifice for the sins of all the Elect throughout the world as b also the presentation of himself for us in Heaven sprinkled with the blood of the Covenant a Esa. 53.10.12 Ioh. 3.16 11.51 52. 17.19 Heb. 9.13 14. b Heb. 9.24 Q. Whereby doth this oblation doe good unto us A. Divers wayes first in that it satisfyed the justice of God secondly it redeemed us from the power of sin death and hell thirdly it ratifyed the new Covenant of grace fourthly it procured for us grace here and glory hereafter by all which means the peace and reconciliation betweene God and us is wrought Ephes. 2.14 15. Q. 6. How did the oblation of Christ satisfie Gods justice for our sin A. In that for us hee underwent the (2) punishment due to our sin Esa. 53.4 5 6. Ioh. 10.11 Rom. 3.25 26. 4.25 1 Cor. 15.3 2 Cor. 5.21 Ephes. 5.2 1 Pet. 2.24 Q. 7. What was that punishment A. The wrath of God the curse (3) of the Law the paines of hell due to sinners in body and soule Gen. 2.17 Deut. 27.27 Esa. 59.2 Rom. 5.12 Ephes. 2.3 Ioh. 3.36 H●b. 2.14 Q. Did Christ undergoe all these A. Yes in respect of the greatnesse (4) and extremity not the eternity and continuance of those paines for it was impossible hee should bee holden of death Matth. 26.38 39. Mark 14.33 15.34 Gal. 3.13 Ephes. 2.16 Col. 1.20 Heb. 5.7 Psal. 18 5. Q. 9. How could the punishment of one satisfie for the offence of all A. In that hee was not a meere (5) man onely but God also of infinite more value then all those who had offended Rom. 5.9 Heb. 9.26 1 Pet. 3.18 Q. 10. How did the oblation of Christ redeem us from death and hell A. First a by paying a ransome (6) to God the Judge and Law-giver who had condemned us secondly b by overcomming and spoyling Satan death and the powers of hell that detained us captives a Matth. 20.28 Ioh. 6.38 Mark 10.4 5. Rom. 3.25 1 Cor. 6.20 Gal. 3.13 Ephes. 1.7 1 Tim. 2.6 Heb. 10.9 b Ioh. 5.24 Col. 2.13 14 15. 1 Thess. 1.10 Heb. 2.14 1 Pet. 1.18 19. Q. 11. What was the ransome that Christ paid for us A. His own pretious blood Act. 20.28 1 Pet. ● 19 Q. 12. How was the new Covenant ratifyed in his blood A. By being accompanyed with (7) his death for that as all other Testaments was to bee ratifyed by the death of the Testator Gen. 22.18 Heb. 9.16 8.10 11 12. Q. 13. What is this new Covenant A. The gratious free immutable promise of God made unto all his Elect fallen in Adam to b give them Jesus Christ and c in him mercy pardon grace and glory d with a restipulation of Faith from them unto this promise and new obedience a Gen. 3.15 Ier. 31.32 33 34. 32.40 Heb. 8.10 11 12. b Gal. 3.8.16 Gen. 12.3 c Rom. 8.32 Ephes. 1.3 4. d Mar. 16.16 Ioh. 1.12 10.27 28. Q. 14. How did Christ procure for us grace faith and glory (9) A. By the way of purchase (8) and merit for the death of Christ deservedly procured of God that hee should blesse us with all spirituall blessings needfull for our comming unto him Esa. 53.11 12. Ioh. 17.2 Act. 20.28 Rom. 5.17 18. Ephes. 2.15 16. 1.4 Phil. 1.29 Tit. 2.14 Revel. 1.5 6. Q. 15. What is the intercession of Christ A. His continuall soliciting (10) of God on our behalf begun here in fervent prayers continued in Heaven by appearing as our advocate at the Throne of Grace Psal. 2.8 Rom. 8.34 Heb. 7.25 9.24 10.19 20 21. 1 Joh. 2.1 2. Joh. 17. CHAP. XIII Of Christs Propheticall Office Q. 1. Wherein doth the propheticall Office of Christ consist A. In his Embassage (1) from God to man revealing from the bosome of his Father the whole mystery of godlinesse the way and Truth whereby wee must come unto God Matth. 5. Joh. 1.18 3.32 10.9.14 14.5 6. 17.8 18.37 Q. 2. How doth hee exercise this Office towards us A. By making known (2) the whole Doctrine of truth unto us in a saving and spirituall manner Deut. 18.18 Esa. 42.6 Heb. 3.1 Q 3. By what means doth hee perform