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the_o eighths_n time_n who_o well_o understand_v the_o constitution_n of_o parliament_n in_o his_o letter_n to_o the_o lord_n protector_n in_o edward_n the_o sixths_n time_n which_o letter_n be_v in_o the_o second_o volume_n of_o the_o book_n of_o martyr_n print_v in_o 1641._o p._n 7._o do_v acknowledge_v it_o and_o say_v that_o the_o three_o estate_n make_v a_o law_n and_o compare_v the_o three_o estate_n in_o parliament_n to_o the_o three_o christian_a virtue_n faith_n hope_n and_o charity_n and_o say_v that_o it_o be_v the_o same_o absurdity_n and_o untruth_n to_o say_v the_o high_a house_n and_o the_o low_a house_n exclude_v the_o king_n in_o the_o office_n of_o make_v law_n as_o it_o will_v be_v in_o religion_n to_o say_v that_o faith_n exclude_v charity_n in_o the_o office_n of_o justification_n here_o you_o have_v the_o testimony_n of_o a_o bishop_n i_o confess_v a_o popish_a bishop_n as_o you_o may_v see_v by_o his_o application_n of_o this_o simile_n to_o make_v charity_n 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that_o the_o archbishop_n be_v then_o charge_v with_o treason_n gervasius_n dorobernensis_n say_v he_o be_v charge_v with_o two_o thing_n one_o not_o do_v justice_n in_o his_o ecclesiastical_a court_n to_o one_o john_n who_o be_v john_n the_o marshal_n that_o complain_v of_o the_o archbishop_n detain_v some_o land_n from_o he_o the_o other_o that_o be_v send_v for_o by_o the_o king_n upon_o occasion_n of_o mareschal_n complaint_n he_o come_v not_o the_o first_o he_o excuse_v lay_v the_o fault_n upon_o marshal_n himself_o for_o abuse_v the_o court_n bringing_z veterum_fw-la cantuum_fw-la codicillum_fw-la and_o old_a song-book_n to_o swear_v upon_o and_o refuse_v to_o swear_v super_fw-la evangelium_fw-la ut_fw-la moris_fw-la est_fw-la upon_o the_o evangelist_n as_o the_o custom_n be_v whereby_o he_o say_v he_o do_v curiam_fw-la svam_fw-la infamare_fw-la defame_v his_o court._n the_o other_o he_o answer_v prove_v by_o two_o sufficient_a witness_n per_fw-la duos_fw-la legales_fw-la viros_fw-la that_o it_o be_v sickness_n hinder_v he_o and_o not_o any_o contempt_n this_o be_v the_o account_n which_o gervasius_n give_v and_o say_v not_o a_o word_n of_o any_o treason_n neither_o do_v matthew_n paris_n nor_o roger_n hoveden_n who_o both_o of_o they_o give_v a_o relation_n of_o that_o proceed_n at_o northampton_n against_o the_o archbishop_n and_o to_o say_v the_o truth_n it_o will_v be_v a_o strange_a high_a treason_n only_o not_o to_o come_v be_v send_v for_o by_o the_o king_n though_o there_o have_v be_v no_o sickness_n in_o the_o case_n at_o most_o it_o can_v have_v be_v but_o a_o high_a contempt_n and_o punishable_a by_o fine_a and_o imprisonment_n or_o the_o like_a and_o probable_a it_o be_v that_o fitz-stephen_n who_o be_v a_o creature_n of_o the_o archbishop_n may_v represent_v it_o so_o only_o to_o draw_v more_o odium_n upon_o the_o king_n for_o his_o severity_n against_o the_o bishop_n even_o to_o a_o injustice_n when_o in_o truth_n there_o be_v no_o such_o 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they_o have_v no_o hand_n in_o blood_n though_o they_o have_v a_o hand_n in_o do_v that_o which_o will_v infallible_o cause_v the_o take_v away_o of_o of_o a_o man_n life_n and_o shed_v of_o his_o blood_n so_o they_o will_v divide_v two_o thing_n which_o in_o truth_n have_v so_o near_o a_o relation_n and_o dependency_n the_o one_o upon_o the_o other_o as_o they_o be_v only_o separate_v by_o a_o little_a time_n come_v between_o one_o thing_n to_o be_v do_v first_o and_o that_o be_v do_v the_o other_o must_v necessary_o follow_v and_o be_v do_v present_o after_o and_o they_o do_v the_o former_a may_v be_v well_o say_v to_o do_v the_o latter_a and_o if_o any_o law_n prohibit_v they_o from_o have_v to_o do_v with_o the_o latter_a the_o same_o law_n do_v and_o must_v prohibit_v they_o meddle_v with_o the_o former_a it_o be_v a_o rule_n in_o logic_n causa_fw-la causae_fw-la est_fw-la causa_fw-la causati_fw-la if_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o bishop_n determine_v one_o thing_n which_o be_v the_o necessary_a cause_n of_o any_o other_o thing_n their_o judgement_n may_v be_v say_v and_o real_o it_o do_v determine_v the_o other_o thing_n as_o take_v for_o example_n the_o particular_a case_n upon_o which_o this_o question_n have_v be_v move_v the_o earl_n of_o danbyes_n pardon_n of_o the_o validity_n or_o invalidity_n whereof_o they_o will_v be_v judge_n it_o be_v hope_v they_o will_v be_v just_a judge_n and_o incline_v neither_o way_n but_o according_a to_o the_o merit_n of_o the_o cause_n before_o they_o so_o what_o their_o judgement_n will_v be_v till_o they_o have_v hear_v all_o themselves_z can_v tell_v now_o if_o by_o their_o judgement_n the_o pardon_n be_v determine_v to_o be_v invalid_a and_o illegal_a and_o that_o carry_v with_o it_o a_o conviction_n of_o the_o crime_n of_o which_o he_o stand_v impeach_v as_o some_o will_v have_v it_o to_o do_v say_v that_o the_o take_n of_o a_o pardon_n imply_v a_o guilt_n and_o be_v in_o law_n a_o confession_n of_o the_o crime_n pardon_v and_o so_o his_o condemnation_n must_v necessary_o follow_v even_o for_o treason_n the_o impeachment_n be_v so_o do_v not_o their_o judgement_n subject_v he_o to_o that_o condemnation_n how_o then_o can_v they_o say_v we_o will_v have_v no_o part_n in_o condemn_v he_o be_v not_o this_o something_o like_o the_o friar_n in_o chaucer_n that_o will_v have_v of_o a_o capon_n the_o liver_n of_o a_o pig_fw-mi the_o head_n yet_o will_v that_o nothing_o for_o he_o shall_v be_v dead_a so_o they_o forsooth_o will_v take_v upon_o they_o to_o judge_v his_o pardon_n to_o be_v no_o pardon_n which_o bring_v on_o infallible_o his_o condemnation_n and_o yet_o say_v with_o that_o friar_n god_n forbid_v he_o shall_v die_v for_o we_o that_o we_o shall_v have_v any_o hand_n in_o his_o blood_n but_o certain_o this_o will_v not_o pass_v for_o currant_n either_o in_o foro_n judicii_fw-la or_o foro_fw-la conscientiae_fw-la to_o excuse_v they_o from_o be_v actor_n in_o his_o condemnation_n to_o evade_v this_o some_o say_v the_o bishop_n may_v be_v present_a and_o hear_v what_o will_v be_v say_v pro_fw-la and_o con_n concern_v this_o pardon_n and_o those_o only_o shall_v deliver_v their_o opinion_n and_o judgement_n of_o it_o who_o be_v satisfy_v of_o the_o validity_n and_o legality_n of_o it_o but_o those_o among_o they_o who_o be_v of_o another_o mind_n shall_v withdraw_v and_o give_v no_o vote_n and_o then_o it_o can_v be_v say_v that_o any_o of_o they_o have_v a_o hand_n in_o condemn_v he_o but_o how_o this_o will_v suit_n with_o the_o office_n of_o a_o judge_n let_v any_o man_n judge_n who_o duty_n it_o be_v to_o condemn_v the_o guilty_a as_o well_o as_o to_o acquit_v the_o innocent_a and_o who_o ought_v to_o do_v the_o one_o or_o the_o other_o in_o every_o business_n that_o come_v before_o he_o as_o he_o find_v ground_n for_o it_o upon_o hear_v the_o allegation_n and_o proof_n and_o beside_o it_o be_v most_o unparliamentary_a for_o in_o parliament_n all_o who_o be_v at_o the_o debate_n of_o a_o business_n aught_o to_o give_v their_o vote_n to_o the_o question_n one_o way_n or_o other_o according_a to_o their_o sense_n of_o it_o and_o as_o they_o in_o their_o conscience_n think_v it_o just_a but_o to_o break_v through_o all_o at_o once_o they_o will_v have_v it_o that_o it_o be_v only_o by_o the_o canon_n law_n that_o this_o restraint_n be_v upon_o they_o and_o that_o the_o forbearance_n of_o their_o predecessor_n be_v papist_n and_o so_o subject_a to_o that_o law_n be_v only_o in_o that_o respect_n which_o law_n be_v of_o no_o force_n at_o present_a and_o take_v away_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n they_o be_v now_o at_o liberty_n though_o in_o modesty_n they_o think_v sit_v sometime_o to_o withdraw_v but_o have_v a_o right_a to_o continue_v sit_v if_o they_o please_v to_o which_o in_o answer_n i_o shall_v say_v that_o i_o will_v not_o deny_v but_o that_o the_o canon_n law_n may_v give_v the_o first_o rise_v and_o a_o beginning_n to_o such_o a_o usage_n and_o no_o law_n can_v be_v of_o great_a force_n to_o introduce_v and_o establish_v such_o a_o thing_n as_o be_v that_o to_o which_o only_o the_o clergy_n of_o those_o time_n will_v be_v subject_a conceive_v themselves_o to_o be_v above_o and_o not_o bind_v by_o any_o other_o but_o it_o be_v most_o clear_a that_o it_o come_v afterward_o to_o receive_v a_o civil_a sanction_n and_o to_o have_v not_o only_o the_o stamp_n of_o the_o authority_n of_o parliament_n set_v upon_o it_o by_o the_o continual_a practice_n there_o and_o we_o know_v that_o consuetudo_fw-la parliamenti_fw-la est_fw-la lex_fw-la parliamenti_fw-la the_o custom_n of_o parliament_n be_v the_o law_n of_o parliament_n but_o that_o two_o several_a time_n there_o have_v be_v particular_a and_o express_a confirmation_n and_o ratification_n of_o it_o in_o parliament_n which_o make_v it_o
the_o preamble_n that_o the_o prelate_n have_v pray_v the_o king_n that_o their_o temporalty_n thenceforth_o may_v not_o be_v seize_v upon_o for_o such_o contempt_n since_o they_o be_v peer_n of_o the_o land_n that_o be_v by_o their_o own_o say_n they_o be_v peer_n for_o so_o it_o be_v only_o the_o statute_n do_v not_o make_v they_o so_o the_o record_n be_v that_o among_o the_o petition_n of_o the_o clergy_n one_o be_v come_v ercevesques_n &_o evesques_n tiegnent_fw-la lour_v temporaltees_n du_fw-fr roi_fw-fr en_fw-fr chief_n &_o pertant_fw-la sont_fw-fr pieres_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr terre_fw-fr come_v sont_fw-fr autres_fw-fr countees_n &_o baron_n quill_n vous_fw-fr pleise_n a_fw-fr eux_fw-fr graunter_n que_fw-fr nul_fw-fr justice_n pur_fw-mi soul_n contemptz_fw-fr pvisse_fw-fr desoreme_n lour_v temporaltee_n fair_a prendre_fw-fr etc._n etc._n see_v archbishop_n and_o bishop_n hold_v their_o temporalty_n of_o the_o king_n in_o capite_fw-la and_o therefore_o be_v peer_n of_o the_o land_n as_o be_v other_o earl_n and_o baron_n that_o you_o will_v be_v please_v to_o grant_v unto_o they_o that_o no_o judge_n may_v henceforward_o for_o mere_a contempt_n cause_v their_o temporalty_n to_o be_v seize_v the_o answer_n be_v that_o the_o law_n be_v so_o and_o can_v be_v change_v but_o the_o king_n be_v willing_a that_o in_o such_o case_n a_o reasonable_a fine_a may_v be_v take_v so_o you_o see_v they_o indeed_o call_v themselves_o peer_n which_o the_o king_n take_v no_o notice_n of_o in_o his_o answer_n but_o speak_v to_o the_o matter_n of_o their_o petition_n and_o even_o in_o his_o answer_n intimate_v that_o they_o be_v not_o in_o the_o same_o condition_n with_o earl_n and_o baron_n for_o he_o say_v the_o law_n be_v so_o for_o they_o that_o be_v that_o they_o shall_v forfeit_v their_o temporalty_n for_o such_o contempt_n which_o no_o man_n will_v say_v be_v the_o law_n for_o earl_n and_o baron_n to_o forfeit_v their_o land_n for_o any_o contempt_n but_o well_o be_v they_o liable_a perhaps_o to_o pay_v a_o good_a fine_a for_o it_o so_o than_o i_o may_v say_v that_o those_o bishop_n be_v a_o little_a mistake_v to_o affirm_v that_o they_o be_v peer_n of_o the_o land_n just_a as_o other_o earl_n and_o baron_n be_v the_o other_o statute_n be_v of_o the_o 4_o h._n 5._o and_o be_v only_o concern_v ireland_n it_o say_v that_o by_o a_o statute_n in_o ireland_n no_o irishman_n be_v to_o be_v prefer_v to_o any_o dignity_n in_o the_o church_n and_o yet_o some_o be_v make_v archbishop_n and_o bishop_n and_o they_o make_v their_o collation_n to_o irish_a clerk_n then_o follow_v and_o whereas_o they_o be_v say_v to_o be_v peer_n of_o the_o parliament_n in_o the_o same_o land_n they_o bring_v with_o they_o irish_a servant_n to_o parliament_n and_o council_n who_o give_v intelligence_n to_o the_o irish_a rebel_n that_o statute_n be_v now_o confirm_v and_o what_o this_o make_v to_o prove_v the_o english_a bishop_n peer_n of_o the_o land_n i_o see_v not_o nor_o i_o think_v no_o body_n else_o can_v at_o most_o it_o can_v but_o declare_v they_o to_o be_v peer_n of_o the_o parliament_n of_o ireland_n and_o it_o be_v too_o even_o for_o those_o irish_a bishop_n but_o that_o they_o be_v so_o say_v to_o be_v that_o be_v say_v to_o be_v peer_n not_o that_o they_o be_v so_o but_o to_o prove_v that_o they_o be_v not_o peer_n of_o england_n i_o think_v we_o have_v a_o better_a law_n even_o magna_fw-la charta_n itself_o it_o say_v that_o every_o man_n who_o be_v try_v at_o the_o king_n suit_n must_v be_v try_v by_o his_o peer_n now_o if_o a_o bishop_n be_v try_v for_o any_o capital_a offence_n he_o be_v try_v by_o the_o commoner_n and_o that_o be_v the_o common_a law_n of_o the_o land_n it_o have_v ever_o be_v so_o never_o otherwise_o then_o must_v commoner_n be_v his_o peer_n and_o he_o and_o commoner_n must_v be_v pares_fw-la the_o great_a charter_n of_o england_n liberties_n magna_fw-la charta_fw-la declare_v they_o so_o a_o temporal_a lord_n duke_z earl_n or_o baron_n can_v be_v judge_n in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o bishop_n except_o it_o be_v in_o parliament_n where_o the_o temporal_a lord_n be_v the_o sole_a judge_n and_o those_o to_o who_o judgement_n do_v proper_o belong_v nor_o on_o the_o other_o side_n can_v any_o bishop_n be_v their_o judge_n how_o then_o can_v they_o be_v say_v to_o be_v pares_fw-la fellow_n peer_n for_o my_o part_n i_o see_v not_o then_o for_o their_o be_v a_o three_o estate_n in_o parliament_n for_o which_o that_o writer_n allege_v mr._n selden'_v authority_n be_v a_o thing_n so_o contrary_a to_o reason_n as_o i_o can_v no_o way_n yield_v to_o it_o first_o let_v i_o lay_v this_o foundation_n that_o i_o do_v acknowledge_v the_o subject_n of_o england_n to_o be_v divide_v into_o three_o estate_n the_o nobility_n the_o clergy_n and_o the_o commonalty_n these_o be_v the_o several_a estate_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o bishop_n be_v part_n and_o the_o chief_a part_n of_o one_o of_o these_o viz._n the_o clergy_n and_o sometime_o these_o three_o estate_n have_v join_v in_o some_o transaction_n as_o 9_o h._n 5._o in_o the_o ratification_n of_o a_o peace_n with_o the_o king_n of_o france_n charles_n the_o six_z who_o have_v desire_v it_o shall_v be_v so_o he_o have_v have_v it_o ratify_v in_o france_n by_o the_o three_o estate_n there_o the_o record_n say_v uolensque_fw-la idem_fw-la serenissimus_a dominus_fw-la noster_fw-la pro_fw-la parte_fw-la sua_fw-la dictam_fw-la pacem_fw-la &_o omne_fw-la &_o singula_fw-la contenta_fw-la in_o ea_fw-la modo_fw-la consimili_fw-la per_fw-la ipsum_fw-la &_o tres_fw-la status_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la jurari_fw-la firmari_fw-la &_o roborari_fw-la prout_fw-la ex_fw-la dicte_n pacis_fw-la tenore_fw-la astringitur_fw-la &_o obligatur_fw-la dictam_fw-la pacem_fw-la bene_fw-la &_o fideliter_fw-la in_o omnibus_fw-la se_fw-la observanturum_fw-la in_o verbo_fw-la regio_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la sancta_fw-la evangelia_n per_fw-la ipsum_fw-la corporaliter_fw-la tacta_fw-la juravit_fw-la &_o promisit_fw-la ac_fw-la dictos_fw-la tres_fw-la status_fw-la viz._n prelatos_n &_o clerum_fw-la nobiles_fw-la &_o magnates_fw-la nec_fw-la non_fw-la communitates_fw-la dicti_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la secundo_fw-la maii_n ad_fw-la palatium_n suum_fw-la westminst_n ad_fw-la majora_fw-la firmitatem_fw-la &_o robur_fw-la pacis_fw-la predicte_n fecit_fw-la congregari_fw-la quibus_fw-la quidem_fw-la tribus_fw-la statibus_fw-la per_fw-la cancellarium_fw-la suum_fw-la tenorem_fw-la dicte_n pacis_fw-la &_o singulos_fw-la articulos_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la seriose_fw-la exponi_fw-la fecit_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o king_n willing_a for_o his_o part_n that_o the_o say_a peace_n and_o all_o the_o particular_n of_o it_o shall_v in_o like_a manner_n be_v swear_v to_o confirm_v and_o ratify_v by_o he_o and_o the_o three_o estate_n of_o his_o kingdom_n according_a as_o he_o be_v oblige_v by_o the_o tenor_n of_o it_o to_o do_v do_v swear_v and_o promise_n lay_v his_o hand_n upon_o the_o holy_a evangelist_n in_o the_o word_n of_o a_o king_n that_o he_o will_v well_o and_o faithful_o observe_v and_o keep_v it_o in_o every_o circumstance_n and_o the_o say_v three_o estate_n to_o wit_n the_o prelate_n and_o clergy_n for_o one_o the_o noble_n and_o great_a man_n for_o another_o and_o the_o commons_o for_o the_o three_o he_o cause_v to_o come_v before_o he_o the_o second_o of_o may_n at_o his_o palace_n of_o westminster_n for_o the_o better_a confirmation_n and_o strengthen_n of_o the_o peace_n to_o which_o three_o estate_n he_o cause_v his_o chancellor_n to_o declare_v what_o the_o peace_n be_v and_o every_o article_n thereof_o etc._n etc._n here_o indeed_o the_o prelate_n and_o all_o the_o clergy_n together_o with_o they_o be_v declare_v to_o be_v one_o of_o the_o three_o estate_n of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v as_o they_o be_v assemble_v in_o the_o convocation_n where_o all_o be_v present_a in_o their_o person_n or_o their_o representative_n but_o this_o be_v no_o part_n of_o the_o parliament_n nor_o be_v it_o any_o way_n entrust_v with_o the_o legislative_a power_n though_o it_o assemble_v in_o parliament_n time_n and_o in_o 11_o h._n 7._o the_o very_a same_o case_n happen_v again_o and_o the_o three_o estate_n of_o the_o kingdom_n join_v with_o the_o king_n in_o the_o ratification_n of_o a_o peace_n with_o france_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n but_o the_o three_o estate_n of_o parliament_n be_v clean_o another_o thing_n each_o must_v have_v a_o negative_a voice_n to_o all_o that_o pass_v there_o if_o the_o major_a part_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o be_v against_o any_o thing_n there_o propose_v there_o be_v a_o end_n of_o it_o it_o be_v reject_v it_o be_v the_o same_o in_o the_o house_n of_o lord_n and_o the_o bishop_n be_v intermingle_v with_o the_o temporal_a lord_n in_o make_v up_o that_o majority_n as_o part_v of_o that_o majority_n whereas_o be_v they_o one_o of_o the_o estate_n reason_n will_v they_o shall_v vote_n by_o