be_v the_o great_a and_o the_o plain_a hardship_n in_o the_o world_n but_o now_o nothing_o of_o all_o this_o concern_v those_o alderman_n that_o have_v be_v choose_v or_o admit_v since_o the_o avoidance_n of_o the_o charter_n they_o have_v nothing_o of_o equity_n to_o plead_v for_o themselves_o neither_o can_v they_o complain_v of_o any_o hardship_n in_o be_v eject_v or_o put_v upon_o a_o new_a choice_n in_o the_o vacant_a ward_n neither_o have_v they_o any_o thing_n to_o plead_v for_o themselves_o but_o only_o a_o possession_n which_o in_o its_o root_n according_a to_o this_o very_a act_n be_v arbitrary_a and_o illegal_a and_o the_o parliament_n not_o design_v to_o confirm_v arbitrary_a thing_n for_o no_o reason_n but_o only_o where_o the_o thing_n though_o defective_a in_o their_o authority_n be_v material_o just_a and_o where_o there_o will_v be_v cruelty_n and_o hardship_n in_o make_v they_o null_n and_o void_a it_o be_v manifest_a that_o they_o as_o they_o do_v not_o come_v within_o the_o letter_n of_o this_o paragraph_n where_o the_o word_n alderman_n be_v not_o so_o much_o as_o mention_v so_o neither_o have_v they_o any_o share_n or_o portion_n in_o the_o true_a meaning_n and_o intention_n of_o it_o which_o be_v to_o show_v mercy_n in_o some_o case_n where_o equitable_a reason_n do_v so_o plain_o and_o so_o loud_o require_v it_o not_o to_o confirm_v illegal_a and_o arbitrary_a thing_n in_o all_o which_o will_v have_v be_v to_o confirm_v and_o justify_v the_o judgement_n give_v instead_o of_o disallow_v or_o condemn_v it_o which_o be_v the_o first_o and_o great_a intention_n of_o this_o act_n and_o bate_v the_o little_a underwood_n of_o equitable_a prouiso_n be_v the_o main_a timber_n of_o which_o it_o be_v build_v and_o consist_v and_o if_o a_o possession_n shall_v be_v pronounce_v firm_a for_o no_o other_o reason_n but_o because_o it_o be_v a_o possession_n without_o regard_n whether_o it_o be_v legal_a or_o no_o this_o will_v overthrow_v and_o confound_v all_o property_n in_o the_o world_n and_o make_v it_o impossible_a for_o any_o man_n to_o be_v eject_v out_o of_o a_o arbitrary_a possession_n otherwise_o than_o by_o force_n of_o arm_n which_o be_v not_o the_o legal_a way_n and_o which_o will_v introduce_v a_o state_n of_o war_n and_o hostility_n in_o all_o time_n and_o place_n five_o further_a yet_o all_o those_o above_o mention_v be_v city_n officer_n proper_o so_o call_v that_o be_v they_o all_o act_n by_o a_o authority_n derive_v from_o the_o whole_a corporation_n consider_v as_o one_o entire_a body_n they_o be_v the_o constant_a servant_n of_o the_o city_n belong_v to_o the_o lord_n mayor_n and_o sheriff_n for_o the_o time_n be_v and_o it_o be_v of_o such_o only_a that_o this_o paragraph_n speak_v they_o be_v the_o very_a word_n and_o be_v it_o enact_v by_o the_o authority_n aforesaid_a that_o all_o officer_n and_o minister_n of_o the_o say_a city_n that_o rightful_o hold_v etc._n etc._n now_o a_o alderman_n though_o in_o a_o very_a large_a sense_n of_o that_o word_n he_o may_v be_v call_v a_o officer_n yet_o be_v he_o not_o a_o city_n but_o a_o ward_n officer_n represent_v in_o the_o court_n of_o alderman_n and_o act_v in_o the_o behalf_n of_o that_o particular_a ward_n for_o which_o he_o serve_v a_o alderman_n be_v not_o proper_o a_o alderman_n of_o the_o city_n or_o of_o the_o whole_a corporation_n but_o he_o be_v alderman_n of_o the_o ward_n foreman_n or_o chairman_n of_o the_o wardmote_a in_o a_o particular_a district_n or_o region_n of_o the_o city_n and_o from_o thence_o be_v send_v as_o a_o deputy_n or_o delegate_n into_o that_o superior_a court_n at_o guildhall_n and_o the_o case_n be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o common_a council-man_n they_o serve_v also_o such_o a_o number_n of_o they_o in_o the_o common_a council_n for_o every_o particular_a ward_n and_o be_v not_o city_n but_o ward_n officer_n who_o all_o take_v together_o in_o both_o these_o court_n make_v up_o a_o court_n representative_a of_o the_o whole_a corporation_n and_o do_v transact_v in_o their_o stead_n and_o on_o their_o behalf_n but_o take_v single_o they_o be_v no_o more_o city_n officer_n than_o a_o parliament_n man_n be_v knight_n or_o burgess_n for_o the_o whole_a nation_n but_o a_o clerk_n of_o the_o parliament_n and_o a_o speaker_n of_o the_o parliament_n be_v servant_n to_o the_o whole_a nation_n because_o they_o be_v servant_n to_o the_o whole_a representative_a body_n and_o the_o difference_n between_o these_o thing_n be_v still_o further_o clear_a by_o this_o that_o there_o be_v distinct_a clause_n in_o this_o act_n of_o parliament_n relate_v to_o the_o restitution_n of_o the_o city_n charter_n and_o the_o respective_a charter_n and_o franchise_n of_o particular_a company_n and_o there_o be_v also_o distinct_a prouiso_n for_o confirm_v the_o legal_a and_o necessary_a proceed_n in_o the_o one_o and_o in_o the_o other_o which_o be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v what_o be_v clear_a enough_o in_o itself_o that_o the_o whole_a and_o part_n be_v not_o the_o same_o and_o that_o one_o part_n be_v distinct_a from_o another_o that_o the_o charter_n or_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o city_n be_v distinct_a from_o those_o of_o the_o company_n of_o which_o it_o consist_v that_o the_o city_n charter_n or_o officer_n be_v not_o the_o charter_n or_o officer_n of_o a_o certain_a company_n nor_o vice_n versâ_fw-la and_o the_o charter_n or_o officer_n of_o one_o company_n be_v not_o the_o charter_n or_o officer_n of_o another_o and_o by_o the_o same_o way_n of_o reason_v a_o city_n officer_n and_o a_o ward_n officer_n be_v distinct_a thing_n a_o ward_n officer_n be_v not_o a_o city_n officer_n nor_o a_o city_n officer_n as_o such_o the_o officer_z of_o a_o ward_n or_o to_o reduce_v the_o whole_a matter_n into_o plain_a term_n that_o a_o alderman_n be_v not_o a_o officer_n of_o the_o city_n proper_o so_o call_v and_o by_o consequence_n do_v not_o come_v within_o the_o meaning_n of_o this_o clause_n six_o i_o have_v make_v this_o comparison_n between_o a_o alderman_n and_o a_o parliament_n man_n the_o rather_o not_o only_o because_o it_o be_v very_o natural_a because_o of_o the_o representation_n of_o a_o certain_a place_n or_o district_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n thereunto_o belong_v in_o both_o case_n but_o because_o h._n 3._o in_o the_o 49th_o of_o who_o reign_n some_o of_o our_o great_a antiquary_n will_v needs_o have_v it_o that_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o at_o least_o have_v its_o first_o beginning_n be_v also_o the_o first_o founder_n of_o this_o institution_n of_o govern_v each_o ward_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n by_o its_o respective_a alderman_n thereunto_o belong_v they_o be_v the_o word_n of_o stow_n survey_v of_o lond._n p._n 696._o 1._o king_n john_n change_v their_o bailiff_n into_o a_o mayor_n and_o two_o sheriff_n to_o these_o h._n 3._o add_v alderman_n at_o the_o first_o eligible_a yearly_a but_o afterward_o by_o king_n edward_n iii_o make_v perpetual_a magistrate_n and_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n within_o their_o ward_n though_o mr._n cambden_n seem_v to_o be_v of_o another_o mind_n and_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o wittena_n gemot_n or_o council_n of_o wise_a man_n among_o the_o saxon_n be_v much_o the_o same_o with_o what_o we_o call_v a_o parliament_n nowadays_o and_o in_o this_o he_o be_v follow_v by_o the_o lord_n chief_a baron_n atkins_n in_o his_o learned_a discourse_n of_o the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o but_o however_o that_o be_v we_o do_v not_o only_o read_v that_o hen._n iii_o be_v the_o person_n that_o set_v alderman_n over_o every_o ward_n but_o in_o his_o time_n we_o find_v mention_v also_o of_o the_o folkmtoe_n which_o be_v the_o same_o with_o our_o present_a common-council_n who_o be_v use_v then_o upon_o emergent_a occasion_n to_o meet_v at_o paul_n cross_n 264._o see_v holinsh_fw-mi in_o the_o reign_n of_o hen._n iii_o p._n 262_o 263_o 264._o as_o they_o do_v now_o at_o guildhall_n where_o sometime_o the_o king_n himself_o sometime_o his_o chief_a counsellor_n and_o minister_n of_o state_n and_o sometime_o even_o foreign_a ambassador_n and_o foreign_a king_n too_o with_o the_o prime_n of_o our_o nobility_n and_o clergy_n be_v present_a so_o great_a and_o venerable_a a_o assembly_n be_v the_o common_a council_n of_o london_n reckon_v in_o those_o day_n seven_o if_o common_a council_n man_n as_o representative_n of_o their_o respective_a ward_n be_v not_o officer_n within_o the_o meaning_n of_o this_o proviso_n than_o neither_o be_v alderman_n because_o they_o both_o represent_v and_o both_o of_o they_o represent_v the_o very_a same_o person_n and_o place_n though_o the_o one_o do_v it_o in_o a_o superior_a orb_n and_o station_n to_o the_o other_o and_o therefore_o this_o representation_n if_o it_o do_v not_o make_v a_o officer_n within_o the_o meaning_n of_o
consideration_n upon_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n for_o reverse_v the_o judgement_n in_o a_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la against_o the_o city_n of_o london_n and_o for_o restore_v the_o city_n of_o london_n to_o its_o ancient_a right_n and_o privilege_n 1._o the_o say_a judgement_n and_o the_o proceed_n thereupon_o be_v declare_v to_o be_v arbitrary_a and_o illegal_a p._n 104._o and_o in_o pursuance_n of_o this_o declaration_n that_o judgement_n be_v reverse_v and_o the_o city_n restore_v to_o all_o its_o ancient_a right_n liberty_n and_o franchise_n whatsoever_o and_o all_o charter_n letter_n patent_n grant_n and_o commission_n during_o the_o time_n of_o the_o avoidance_n of_o the_o charter_n in_o the_o two_o last_o reign_n for_o incorporate_n the_o citizen_n and_o commonalty_n of_o the_o say_a city_n or_o touch_v or_o concern_v any_o of_o their_o liberty_n and_o franchise_n etc._n etc._n be_v declare_v and_o adjudge_v to_o be_v null_n and_o void_a to_o all_o intent_n and_o purpose_n whatsoever_o p._n 104_o to_o 107._o 2._o notwithstanding_o this_o it_o be_v not_o reasonable_a that_o the_o city_n which_o be_v no_o way_n consent_v to_o its_o own_o disfranchisement_n but_o be_v whole_o passive_a in_o it_o shall_v suffer_v or_o be_v prejudice_v as_o to_o its_o main_n concern_v but_o that_o all_o proceed_n in_o law_n or_o equity_n all_o lease_n make_v or_o grant_v with_o the_o caution_n and_o prouiso_n limit_v in_o the_o act_n all_o judgement_n decree_n and_o sentence_n have_v and_o obtain_v by_o any_o person_n or_o person_n take_v upon_o they_o to_o be_v trustee_n for_o or_o concern_v any_o land_n etc._n etc._n all_o freedom_n to_o which_o any_o person_n be_v natural_a bear_v subject_n or_o denizen_n have_v be_v admit_v since_o the_o say_a judgement_n give_v that_o all_o these_o shall_v stand_v and_o remain_v in_o full_a force_n and_o effect_v so_o far_o as_o all_o or_o any_o of_o the_o say_v proceed_n be_v or_o will_v have_v be_v have_v the_o charter_n not_o be_v void_v material_o legal_a be_v transact_v and_o do_v according_a to_o the_o usual_a method_n and_o with_o the_o usual_a form_n of_o law_n and_o justice_n respective_o belong_v and_o appertain_v to_o they_o because_o though_o all_o these_o thing_n for_o want_n of_o a_o charter_n be_v now_o transact_v by_o commission_n from_o the_o king_n yet_o if_o all_o the_o proceed_n upon_o the_o say_a commission_n for_o the_o space_n of_o so_o many_o year_n have_v be_v declare_v null_n and_o void_a the_o restitution_n of_o the_o charter_n will_v have_v be_v a_o far_o great_a mischief_n than_o the_o avoidance_n of_o it_o and_o the_o inconvenience_n will_v have_v be_v unspeakable_a which_o the_o city_n must_v have_v suffer_v by_o the_o nullity_n of_o so_o many_o reasonable_a and_o just_a as_o well_o as_o weighty_a and_o important_a proceed_n and_o according_o it_o be_v wise_o provide_v by_o this_o act_n that_o all_o the_o proceed_n aforesaid_a though_o illegal_a in_o themselves_o consider_v the_o root_n of_o authority_n from_o whence_o they_o spring_v yet_o shall_v be_v deem_v and_o adjudge_v to_o be_v firm_a and_o valid_a as_o if_o the_o charter_n have_v be_v stand_v and_o the_o same_o affair_n have_v be_v transact_v in_o the_o old_a and_o usual_a course_n under_o the_o authority_n and_o influence_n of_o the_o same_o 3._o when_o it_o be_v say_v in_o general_a term_n that_o the_o judgement_n give_v against_o the_o charter_n and_o the_o proceed_n thereupon_o be_v and_o be_v illegal_a and_o arbitrary_a and_o that_o all_o charter_n letter_n patent_n grant_n commission_n etc._n etc._n for_o incorporate_n the_o citizen_n and_o commonalty_n of_o the_o say_a city_n or_o any_o of_o they_o or_o touch_v or_o concern_v any_o of_o their_o liberty_n and_o franchise_n etc._n etc._n be_v declare_v and_o adjudge_v to_o be_v null_n and_o void_a to_o all_o intent_n and_o purpose_n whatsoever_o and_o when_o it_o be_v then_o further_o add_v for_o the_o reason_n that_o have_v be_v give_v viz._n to_o prevent_v many_o and_o great_a mischief_n and_o inconvenience_n that_o will_v otherwise_o accrue_v that_o notwithstanding_o any_o thing_n contain_v in_o the_o say_v general_a clause_n yet_o in_o some_o particular_a case_n mention_v in_o the_o act_n that_o the_o proceed_n upon_o and_o after_o the_o say_a judgement_n shall_v be_v and_o be_v confirm_v as_o to_o their_o effect_n though_o in_o their_o cause_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o authority_n from_o whence_o they_o be_v derive_v they_o be_v declare_v and_o adjudge_v to_o have_v be_v arbitrary_a and_o illegal_a from_o these_o two_o thing_n consider_v and_o reflect_v upon_o there_o be_v these_o ten_o very_a natural_a corollary_n or_o deduction_n to_o be_v make_v first_o that_o the_o general_a clause_n will_v have_v be_v in_o vain_a whereby_o the_o judgement_n against_o the_o charter_n and_o the_o proceed_n thereupon_o be_v declare_v to_o be_v illegal_a and_o the_o say_v proceed_n to_o be_v null_n and_o void_a nay_o they_o will_v have_v be_v absurd_a and_o ludicrous_a unbecoming_a the_o wisdom_n and_o gravity_n of_o that_o great_a assembly_n by_o which_o with_o the_o royal_a assent_n they_o be_v enact_v if_o after_o this_o either_o express_o or_o by_o any_o reasonable_a innuendo_n or_o intimation_n of_o such_o a_o design_n all_o the_o proceed_n upon_o the_o say_a judgement_n have_v be_v intend_v or_o employ_v to_o be_v by_o the_o same_o legislator_n in_o the_o same_o act_n authorize_v and_o confirm_v second_o the_o prouiso_n themselves_o will_v have_v be_v equal_o incongruous_a and_o absurd_a if_o all_o those_o act_n and_o proceed_n upon_o or_o after_o the_o say_a judgement_n which_o be_v not_o confirm_v by_o any_o such_o prouiso_n be_v notwithstanding_o to_o stand_v good_a and_o remain_v in_o full_a force_n and_o effect_n three_o thus_o much_o therefore_o be_v certain_a and_o almost_o self-evident_a to_o every_o person_n of_o common_a understanding_n that_o where_o there_o be_v a_o general_a clause_n of_o nullity_n and_o avoidance_n of_o all_o the_o act_n of_o a_o illegal_a power_n to_o which_o there_o be_v subjoin_v some_o particular_a exception_n by_o particular_a prouiso_n make_v in_o that_o behalf_n that_o all_o those_o act_n which_o neither_o come_v within_o the_o letter_n of_o the_o say_a prouiso_n nor_o so_o much_o as_o within_o the_o reason_n and_o intention_n of_o they_o be_v by_o the_o general_a clause_n evacuate_v and_o annul_v and_o the_o general_a rule_n in_o case_n not_o except_v be_v fortify_v and_o strengthen_v by_o the_o exception_n from_o it_o according_a to_o that_o old_a maxim_n which_o be_v ground_v upon_o the_o high_a and_o the_o plain_a reason_n exceptio_fw-la firmat_n regulam_fw-la in_o non_fw-la exceptis_fw-la four_o the_o word_n alderman_n not_o be_v so_o much_o as_o name_v throughout_o this_o whole_a act_n of_o parliament_n it_o be_v of_o necessity_n to_o be_v grant_v that_o all_o those_o alderman_n that_o be_v admit_v into_o that_o honourable_a court_n after_o judgement_n give_v against_o the_o city_n charter_n till_o the_o date_n of_o this_o act_n of_o parliament_n for_o the_o reverse_v of_o that_o judgement_n that_o be_v to_o say_v till_o the_o twenty_o day_n of_o may_n 1690_o be_v illegal_o admit_v that_o judgement_n and_o the_o proceed_n thereupon_o or_o thereafter_o till_o the_o time_n of_o restitution_n be_v declare_v to_o have_v be_v arbitrary_a and_o illegal_a five_o the_o say_a admission_n be_v arbitrary_a and_o illegal_a in_o themselves_o and_o not_o be_v confirm_v by_o any_o special_a proviso_n nor_o contain_v within_o the_o true_a reason_n of_o all_o or_o any_o of_o the_o say_a prouiso_n they_o be_v by_o this_o act_n of_o parliament_n make_v null_a and_o void_a that_o be_v to_o say_v those_o gentleman_n so_o undue_o and_o illegal_o admit_v have_v no_o right_a to_o wear_v their_o gown_n or_o to_o sit_v and_o act_n as_o alderman_n any_o long_o in_o virtue_n of_o any_o such_o illegal_a admission_n not_o confirm_v by_o this_o act._n that_o they_o do_v not_o come_v within_o the_o letter_n of_o any_o of_o the_o prouiso_n be_v plain_a because_o they_o be_v not_o so_o much_o as_o mention_v or_o name_v in_o any_o of_o they_o so_o that_o it_o can_v be_v say_v there_o be_v any_o express_a provision_n make_v in_o their_o behalf_n that_o they_o be_v not_o include_v within_o the_o reason_n or_o intention_n of_o any_o of_o they_o though_o this_o will_v hardly_o be_v sufficient_a to_o give_v they_o a_o title_n at_o common_a law_n will_v be_v plain_a to_o any_o man_n that_o shall_v due_o weigh_v and_o consider_v the_o reason_n of_o the_o prouiso_n which_o be_v twofold_a first_o that_o the_o public_a or_o the_o city_n in_o common_a and_o those_o with_o who_o they_o transact_v may_v not_o suffer_v for_o want_v of_o a_o just_a and_o reasonable_a confirmation_n of_o all_o those_o material_o legal_a act_n and_o proceed_n which_o be_v have_v or_o do_v
seizure_n which_o there_o be_v now_o no_o reason_n to_o keep_v stir_v any_o long_o ten_o and_o last_o from_o all_o that_o have_v be_v say_v there_o be_v this_o further_a consectary_n to_o be_v deduce_v viz._n that_o the_o legal_a court_n of_o alderman_n now_o the_o charter_n be_v restore_v do_v and_o will_v consist_v of_o three_o sort_n of_o person_n first_o such_o as_o be_v legal_a alderman_n before_o the_o seizure_n and_o have_v continue_v ever_o since_o to_o act_v in_o that_o capacity_n second_o of_o such_o as_o lay_v down_o their_o gown_n since_o the_o give_n of_o judgement_n against_o the_o city_n be_v before_o it_o legal_a and_o due_o qualify_v alderman_n of_o the_o same_o if_o they_o please_v to_o resume_v their_o gown_n and_o their_o post_n again_o and_o three_o such_o as_o shall_v be_v legal_o present_v by_o the_o respective_a ward_n and_o accept_v by_o the_o court_n of_o alderman_n to_o supply_v the_o vacancy_n in_o those_o ward_n where_o a_o alderman_n be_v want_v but_o all_o that_o take_v upon_o they_o that_o style_n and_o title_n during_o the_o avoidance_n not_o be_v legal_o possess_v of_o it_o before_o be_v by_o this_o act_n of_o parliament_n manifest_o prohibit_v from_o act_v any_o long_o either_o to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o those_o that_o have_v a_o legal_a right_n or_o otherwise_o where_o there_o be_v a_o vacancy_n without_o a_o new_a election_n four_o but_o in_o answer_n to_o all_o this_o there_o be_v a_o clause_n of_o provision_n in_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n which_o be_v trumpt_v up_o in_o defence_n of_o those_o gentleman_n who_o act_v under_o the_o name_n and_o notion_n of_o alderman_n of_o this_o city_n who_o the_o forego_n corollary_n will_v exclude_v it_o will_v be_v worth_a our_o while_n therefore_o impartial_o to_o consider_v it_o the_o whole_a clause_n be_v as_o follow_v and_o be_v it_o enact_v by_o the_o authority_n aforesaid_a that_o all_o officer_n and_o minister_n of_o the_o say_a city_n that_o rightful_o hold_v any_o office_n or_o place_n in_o the_o say_a city_n or_o liberty_n thereof_o or_o in_o the_o borough_n of_o southwark_n at_o the_o time_n when_o the_o say_a judgement_n be_v give_v be_v hereby_o confirm_v and_o shall_v have_v and_o enjoy_v the_o same_o as_o full_o as_o they_o hold_v they_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o say_a judgement_n give_v except_o such_o as_o have_v voluntary_o surrender_v any_o such_o office_n or_o place_n or_o have_v be_v remove_v for_o any_o just_a cause_n and_o that_o every_o person_n who_o since_o the_o say_a judgement_n give_v have_v be_v choose_v admit_v or_o place_v into_o any_o office_n or_o employment_n within_o the_o say_a city_n upon_o the_o death_n surrender_n or_o removal_n as_o aforesaid_a of_o the_o former_a officer_n shall_v be_v and_o be_v hereby_o confirm_v in_o his_o say_a office_n or_o employment_n and_o shall_v have_v and_o enjoy_v the_o same_o in_o as_o full_a and_o ample_a manner_n as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v admit_v or_o place_v therein_o according_a to_o the_o ancient_a custom_n of_o the_o say_a city_n for_o the_o right_n and_o clear_a understanding_n of_o which_o clause_n there_o be_v these_o follow_a thing_n to_o be_v consider_v first_o it_o can_v never_o be_v too_o often_o suggest_v and_o reflect_v upon_o in_o this_o case_n that_o the_o seizure_n of_o the_o charter_n and_o the_o proceed_n thereupon_o be_v declare_v to_o be_v a_o bitrary_a and_o illegal_a it_o must_v needs_o be_v very_o absurd_a and_o incongruous_a to_o suppose_v that_o any_o more_o of_o the_o say_v proceed_n be_v intend_a to_o be_v confirm_v by_o this_o act_n of_o parliament_n but_o only_o such_o as_o can_v not_o be_v annul_v or_o vacate_v without_o a_o public_a mischief_n or_o at_o least_o a_o private_a hardship_n and_o injustice_n to_o particular_a person_n who_o have_v a_o fair_a title_n in_o equity_n to_o better_a usage_n and_o must_v suffer_v extreme_o by_o the_o repeal_n of_o all_o those_o act_n which_o pass_v from_o and_o under_o the_o commission_n to_o confirm_v the_o say_v proceed_n any_o far_o than_o this_o be_v to_o abett_n arbitrary_a and_o illegal_a thing_n for_o no_o reason_n at_o all_o unless_o it_o be_v because_o they_o be_v arbitrary_a and_o illegal_a and_o at_o that_o rate_n it_o have_v be_v more_o suitable_a to_o the_o same_o design_n to_o confirm_v the_o judgement_n give_v which_o will_v at_o the_o same_o time_n have_v justify_v all_o the_o proceed_n thereupon_o than_o to_o reverse_v it_o second_o this_o paragraph_n by_o the_o very_o word_v and_o pen_v of_o it_o however_o obscure_v and_o ambiguous_a it_o may_v be_v pretend_v to_o be_v do_v manifest_o contain_v matter_n of_o privilege_n benefit_n and_o advantage_n and_o this_o be_v the_o meaning_n of_o those_o word_n that_o all_o officer_n and_o minister_n of_o the_o say_a city_n that_o rightful_o hold_v any_o office_n or_o place_n etc._n etc._n be_v hereby_o confirm_v and_o shall_v have_v and_o enjoy_v the_o same_o as_o full_o as_o etc._n etc._n and_o afterward_o that_o every_o person_n who_o since_o the_o say_a judgement_n give_v have_v be_v choose_v etc._n etc._n shall_v be_v and_o be_v hereby_o confirm_v in_o his_o say_a office_n or_o employment_n and_o shall_v have_v and_o enjoy_v the_o same_o in_o as_o full_a and_o ample_a manner_n as_o if_o etc._n etc._n now_o the_o word_n confirm_v plain_o imply_v a_o privilege_n or_o emolument_fw-fr accrue_v from_o the_o office_n or_o thing_n confirm_v and_o look_v as_o if_o it_o be_v something_o worth_a contend_v for_o worth_n put_v in_o a_o claim_n of_o equity_n in_o order_n to_o be_v confirm_v and_o the_o have_v and_o enjoy_v as_o full_o and_o in_o as_o full_a and_o ample_a manner_n as_o etc._n etc._n be_v term_n denote_v a_o considerable_a advantage_n and_o such_o as_o amount_n to_o a_o subsistence_n for_o life_n at_o least_o if_o it_o will_v not_o add_v ornament_n and_o splendour_n to_o it_o as_o many_o of_o the_o city_n office_n be_v know_v to_o do_v by_o the_o salary_n and_o perquisites_n respective_o belong_v to_o they_o now_o if_o any_o man_n will_v tell_v i_o where_o the_o profit_n or_o advantage_n of_o be_v a_o alderman_n lie_v unless_o it_o be_v a_o advantage_n to_o spend_v more_o money_n to_o keep_v great_a hospitality_n within_o door_n and_o to_o appear_v with_o great_a port_n and_o grandeur_n without_o to_o be_v at_o more_o trouble_n and_o after_o all_o to_o have_v nothing_o but_o his_o labour_n for_o his_o pain_n then_o i_o will_v confess_v that_o a_o alderman_n be_v a_o office_n within_o the_o meaning_n of_o this_o clause_n and_o that_o it_o be_v worth_a the_o while_n to_o be_v confirm_v and_o to_o sue_v and_o solicit_v to_o be_v confirm_v in_o a_o station_n which_o so_o many_o do_v yearly_a and_o almost_o daily_o pay_v considerable_a sum_n of_o money_n to_o avoid_v and_o which_o other_o have_v lay_v down_o out_o of_o mere_a weariness_n and_o irksomeness_n to_o continue_v any_o long_o in_o it_o and_o out_o of_o a_o sense_n of_o the_o damage_n and_o inconvenience_n which_o accrue_v by_o so_o frequent_a diversion_n and_o avocation_n to_o their_o own_o private_a and_o domestic_a affair_n but_o if_o all_o this_o be_v quite_o contrary_a to_o the_o very_a truth_n if_o there_o be_v no_o advantage_n in_o it_o but_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o trouble_n fatigue_n and_o unnecessary_a expense_n altogether_o for_o the_o sake_n of_o other_o who_o be_v the_o only_a gainer_n by_o it_o than_o this_o be_v not_o a_o office_n within_o the_o meaning_n of_o this_o clause_n by_o which_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o certain_a than_o that_o a_o benefit_n or_o advantage_n be_v intend_v to_o be_v convey_v to_o all_o that_o have_v any_o interest_n or_o concern_v in_o it_o etc._n see_v a_o book_n intit_fw-fr the_o present_a state_n of_o lond._n and_o another_o call_v the_o royal_a charter_n of_o confirmation_n etc._n etc._n true_o indeed_o it_o be_v that_o the_o alderman_n beside_o that_o they_o be_v precedent_n or_o foreman_n or_o chairman_n of_o their_o respective_a wardmote_n and_o that_o they_o sit_v in_o that_o character_n upon_o the_o bench_n at_o guildhall_n have_v the_o chief_a administration_n of_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o city_n commit_v to_o their_o trust_n and_o care_n they_o be_v likewise_o justice_n or_o keeper_n of_o the_o peace_n in_o their_o respective_a ward_n and_o all_o that_o be_v past_o the_o chair_n and_o the_o three_o that_o be_v next_o it_o have_v the_o same_o jurisdiction_n all_o over_o the_o city_n and_o some_o of_o they_o all_o over_o middlesex_n and_o surrey_n but_o this_o though_o it_o be_v indeed_o a_o great_a honour_n and_o dignity_n yet_o it_o be_v a_o great_a burden_n without_o any_o proper_a advantage_n to_o themselves_o whatsoever_o it_o may_v be_v to_o the_o clerk_n act_v under_o they_o and_o therefore_o as_o such_o they_o do_v not_o come_v within_o the_o
why_o the_o city_n be_v enjoin_v by_o this_o act_n of_o parliament_n to_o proceed_v to_o a_o new_a election_n of_o lord_n mayor_n sheriff_n chamberlain_n and_o common-council_n at_o the_o time_n therein_o particular_o specify_v and_o appoint_v answ_n it_o be_v certain_o beside_o the_o illegality_n of_o the_o former_a choice_n that_o they_o do_v not_o like_o the_o person_n choose_v otherwise_o it_o will_v have_v be_v very_o irrational_a not_o to_o confirm_v they_o till_o the_o usual_a time_n of_o election_n of_o such_o officer_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_a to_o put_v so_o great_a a_o body_n into_o a_o ferment_n and_o contra_v within_o itself_o just_a at_o the_o time_n when_o the_o king_n be_v go_v upon_o his_o irish_a expedition_n but_o that_o they_o design_v to_o put_v he_o government_n of_o the_o city_n in_o his_o absence_n into_o better_a and_o safe_a hand_n and_o that_o indeed_o be_v a_o very_a good_a reason_n quest_n 2._o what_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o if_o there_o have_v be_v no_o election_n of_o the_o officer_n aforesaid_a at_o the_o time_n appoint_v it_o be_v provide_v that_o the_o old_a one_o shall_v continue_v till_o the_o usual_a time_n of_o electâ—on_n and_o no_o long_o that_o be_v in_o possession_n of_o their_o respective_a charge_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o judgement_n give_v answ_n the_o reason_n be_v very_o plain_a there_o be_v a_o faction_n in_o the_o city_n that_o have_v be_v strange_o baffle_v notwithstanding_o their_o boast_a number_n in_o the_o election_n of_o member_n to_o serve_v in_o this_o present_a parliament_n which_o the_o person_n that_o wâ—â—e_v to_o manage_v the_o poli_fw-fr at_o the_o new_a election_n for_o the_o officer_n appoint_v to_o be_v choose_v be_v deep_o sensible_a of_o and_o upon_o the_o point_n of_o despair_n that_o ever_o they_o shall_v succeed_v in_o any_o new_a competition_n it_o be_v suspect_v by_o the_o parliament_n that_o the_o person_n in_o possession_n will_v have_v insist_v upon_o that_o and_o will_v have_v decline_v a_o choice_n but_o this_o if_o it_o be_v not_o a_o probable_a yet_o it_o be_v at_o least_o a_o possible_a thing_n and_o a_o possibility_n of_o such_o consequence_n as_o deserve_v a_o clause_n purposely_o to_o be_v insert_v to_o obviate_v and_o prevent_v the_o possible_a inconvenience_n that_o may_v arise_v from_o it_o and_o this_o be_v a_o further_a indication_n how_o deep_o in_o love_n that_o great_a assembly_n be_v with_o the_o present_a manager_n and_o management_n of_o the_o city_n affair_n quest_n 3._o a_o three_o question_n to_o be_v start_v be_v since_o in_o case_n of_o new_a election_n the_o old_a officer_n before_o the_o judgement_n give_v be_v to_o continue_v out_o the_o remainder_n of_o their_o time_n that_o time_n which_o they_o serve_v afterward_o not_o b_o ing_z reckon_v in_o law_n as_o any_o part_n of_o their_o year_n what_o be_v the_o reason_n they_o be_v to_o continue_v no_o long_o notwithstanding_o in_o case_n of_o a_o new_a election_n they_o be_v to_o go_v on_o through_o the_o whole_a next_o year_n answ_n the_o answer_n to_o this_o be_v very_o easy_a also_o they_o do_v not_o think_v fit_a to_o continue_v they_o another_o year_n who_o have_v already_o to_o all_o intent_n and_o purpose_n of_o action_n trouble_v and_o charge_v serve_v one_o whole_a year_n and_o about_o four_o month_n already_o let_v the_o world_n judge_v now_o if_o this_o be_v a_o good_a answer_n whether_o they_o intend_v that_o the_o present_a pretend_a mayor_n shall_v continue_v for_o three_o year_n successive_o together_o or_o whether_o there_o be_v not_o a_o plain_a innuendo_fw-la in_o such_o a_o proviso_n as_o this_o by_o which_o he_o be_v tacit_o bar_v from_o hold_v any_o long_o and_o now_o from_o all_o this_o i_o think_v there_o be_v nothing_o more_o evident_a than_o these_o two_o thing_n first_o the_o alderman_n so_o call_v since_o the_o avoidance_n of_o the_o charter_n be_v make_v no_o alderman_n by_o the_o restitution_n of_o it_o second_o that_o sir_n t._n p._n upon_o these_o principle_n be_v no_o aldermâ—n_n and_o that_o by_o consequence_n he_o be_v no_o lord_n mayor_n which_o two_o thing_n be_v so_o plain_a by_o the_o express_a letter_n and_o by_o the_o latent_fw-la but_o yet_o notwithstanding_o clear_v and_o undeniable_a intention_n of_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n that_o nothing_o can_v be_v more_o but_o though_o nothing_o can_v be_v more_o plain_a than_o this_o be_v and_o though_o one_o demonstration_n be_v as_o good_a as_o a_o thousand_o yet_o to_o sum_n up_o all_o and_o that_o the_o gentleman_n concern_v may_v not_o complain_v they_o have_v not_o their_o measure_n though_o they_o have_v their_o weight_n i_o will_v add_v one_o argument_n far_o and_o it_o shall_v be_v take_v from_o a_o paragraph_n pag._n 106._o of_o this_o act_n which_o i_o will_v here_o transcribe_v and_o be_v it_o enact_v by_o the_o authority_n aforesaid_a that_o all_o charter_n letter_n patent_n and_o grant_n for_o incorporate_n the_o citizen_n and_o commonalty_n of_o the_o say_a city_n or_o any_o of_o they_o and_o all_o charter_n grant_n letter_n patent_n and_o commission_n touch_v or_o concern_v any_o of_o their_o liberty_n or_o franchise_n or_o the_o liberty_n privilege_n franchise_n immunity_n etc._n etc._n of_o the_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o citizen_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n make_v or_o grant_v to_o any_o person_n or_o person_n whatsoever_o by_o the_o late_a king_n charles_n ii_o since_o the_o late_a judgement_n give_v or_o by_o the_o late_a king_n james_n ii_o be_v and_o be_v hereby_o declare_v and_o adjudge_v null_n and_o void_a to_o all_o intent_n and_o purpose_n whatsoever_o the_o plain_a and_o clear_a inference_n to_o be_v make_v from_o which_o be_v this_o if_o those_o gentleman_n that_o have_v assume_v to_o themselves_o the_o style_n and_o dignity_n of_o alderman_n since_o the_o avoidance_n of_o the_o city_n charter_n do_v hold_v by_o virtue_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a letter_n patent_n etc._n etc._n for_o incorporate_n the_o citizen_n and_o commonalty_n of_o the_o say_a city_n than_o their_o authority_n be_v null_a and_o void_a because_o the_o letter_n patent_n under_o which_o they_o hold_v be_v declare_v and_o adjudge_v to_o be_v so_o unless_o they_o can_v show_v some_o particular_a proviso_n that_o may_v secure_v they_o from_o this_o general_a clause_n which_o i_o think_v i_o have_v sufficient_o prove_v they_o can_v do_v or_o if_o there_o be_v any_o authority_n they_o can_v pretend_v for_o themselves_o let_v they_o show_v it_o and_o keep_v their_o gown_n on_o as_o long_o as_o they_o please_v but_o if_o they_o do_v not_o show_v it_o off_o they_o go_v and_o shall_v be_v on_o again_o when_o the_o law_n and_o a_o new_a choice_n please_v not_o before_o but_o some_o may_v object_v and_o say_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d what_o shall_v we_o do_v for_o a_o lord_n mayor_n if_o sir_n t._n p._n be_v none_o i_o answer_v sir_n j._n r._n be_v certain_o the_o man_n for_o he_o be_v present_v together_o with_o the_o other_o to_o the_o court_n of_o alderman_n and_o though_o they_o pitch_v by_o majority_n upon_o the_o former_a yet_o since_o one_o of_o these_o two_o must_v of_o necessity_n be_v return_v back_o again_o to_o the_o common_a hall_n let_v they_o choose_v who_o they_o will_v the_o incapacity_n of_o the_o one_o imply_v and_o infer_v the_o choice_n of_o the_o other_o the_o common_a hall_n present_v sir_n t._n p._n as_o a_o alderman_n in_o competition_n and_o the_o alderman_n by_o such_o another_o mistake_v accept_v he_o as_o such_o if_o they_o have_v protest_v against_o the_o presentation_n of_o a_o unqualified_a person_n which_o a_o court_n of_o alderman_n so_o model_v be_v not_o like_a to_o do_v the_o commons_o must_v have_v present_v another_o in_o order_n to_o a_o choice_n but_o not_o have_v make_v any_o such_o exception_n and_o have_v but_o one_o who_o they_o can_v legal_o choose_v the_o error_n on_o both_o hand_n as_o well_o of_o the_o commons_o as_o the_o court_n of_o alderman_n devolve_v and_o fix_v the_o unquestionable_a right_n upon_o the_o only_a legal_a pretender_n of_o the_o two_o neither_o do_v it_o signify_v any_o thing_n in_o this_o case_n that_o many_o of_o the_o court_n of_o alderman_n themselves_o have_v in_o law_n no_o right_a to_o fit_v there_o for_o if_o they_o have_v be_v never_o so_o legal_o qualify_v yet_o a_o unqualify_v person_n be_v present_v to_o they_o they_o can_v not_o choose_v he_o and_o the_o choice_n will_v of_o course_n have_v devolve_v upon_o the_o other_o postscript_n concern_v the_o hospital_n the_o confirm_a clause_n for_o officer_n run_v thus_o all_o officer_n and_o minister_n of_o the_o say_a city_n etc._n etc._n or_o in_o the_o borough_n of_o southwark_n etc._n etc._n it_o have_v be_v argue_v from_o thence_o that_o the_o eject_v officer_n of_o the_o hospital_n of_o st._n thomas_n be_v
by_o this_o clause_n restore_v but_o these_o man_n do_v not_o consider_v that_o it_o be_v the_o design_n of_o this_o act_n to_o restore_v the_o ancient_a privilege_n and_o immunity_n of_o the_o city_n not_o to_o abridge_v any_o thing_n of_o that_o undoubted_a right_n of_o visitation_n which_o the_o king_n have_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o by_o the_o grant_n of_o king_n edward_n vi_o while_n the_o charter_n stand_v neither_o be_v they_o charter_n officer_n of_o who_o this_o whole_a paragraph_n be_v mean_v but_o officer_n and_o servant_n at_o pleasure_n that_o may_v be_v turn_v out_o as_o well_o without_o a_o reason_n as_o with_o one_o by_o the_o power_n that_o place_v they_o there_o only_o if_o the_o king_n be_v the_o supreme_a visitor_n as_o the_o sun_n be_v not_o more_o bright_a than_o it_o be_v clear_a that_o he_o be_v then_o the_o officer_n of_o his_o place_n can_v be_v eject_v by_o a_o subordinate_a power_n much_o less_o can_v they_o replace_v those_o who_o he_o have_v eject_v which_o will_v render_v his_o power_n and_o right_n of_o visitation_n contemptible_a and_o vain_a beside_o that_o though_o the_o king_n be_v the_o judge_n of_o the_o cause_n of_o visitation_n otherwise_o he_o shall_v not_o visit_v but_o when_o other_o please_v yet_o the_o reason_n be_v notorious_a for_o which_o he_o do_v it_o one_o have_v justify_v the_o murder_n of_o his_o father_n and_o all_o of_o they_o as_o well_o officer_n as_o governor_n general_o speak_v be_v dissenter_n from_o the_o church_n of_o england_n enemy_n to_o monarchy_n person_n disaffect_v both_o to_o church_n and_o state_n and_o i_o hope_v these_o be_v sufficient_a ground_n for_o a_o king_n not_o to_o suffer_v such_o to_o be_v feed_v and_o maintain_v in_o his_o own_o house_n a_o papist_n whether_o governor_n or_o officer_n i_o suppose_v it_o will_v be_v grant_v may_v be_v lawful_o eject_v out_o of_o that_o trust_n and_o station_n and_o why_o shall_v then_o a_o dissenter_n or_o a_o favourer_n and_o abetter_v of_o that_o interest_n be_v permit_v when_o they_o be_v both_o enemy_n to_o the_o establish_a church_n and_o the_o dissenter_n be_v likewise_o a_o enemy_n to_o the_o monarchy_n of_o england_n to_o which_o the_o papist_n to_o give_v the_o devil_n his_o due_a be_v a_o friend_n as_o well_o as_o to_o the_o episcopal_a form_n of_o government_n in_o the_o church_n though_o he_o load_v and_o clog_n both_o with_o such_o dangerous_a innovation_n that_o we_o can_v accept_v of_o those_o blessing_n upon_o his_o term_n again_o p._n 109._o of_o the_o say_a act_n it_o be_v provide_v that_o all_o lease_n and_o grant_n of_o any_o land_n etc._n etc._n make_v by_o or_o upon_o pretence_n of_o any_o grant_n or_o commission_n by_o their_o late_a majesty_n be_v make_v for_o just_a and_o valuable_a consideration_n and_o whereupon_o the_o old_a accustom_a yearly_o rend_v or_o more_o have_v be_v reserve_v payable_a into_o the_o chamber_n or_o bridghouse_n or_o any_o of_o the_o hospital_n of_o the_o say_a city_n etc._n etc._n shall_v be_v as_o good_a and_o valid_a as_o if_o the_o same_o have_v be_v make_v by_o the_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o citizen_n of_o the_o say_a city_n under_o their_o common_a seal_n etc._n etc._n by_o which_o it_o may_v seem_v to_o be_v employ_v that_o the_o hospital_n be_v so_o close_o and_o inseparable_o unite_v to_o the_o city_n and_o its_o charter_n that_o the_o say_a charter_n be_v illegal_o seize_v into_o the_o king_n hand_n as_o this_o act_n declare_v all_o lease_n make_v and_o other_o act_n do_v by_o the_o commission_n under_o the_o broad-seal_n be_v illegal_a and_o consequent_o the_o tenant_n have_v no_o sufficient_a security_n by_o any_o such_o grant_v or_o lease_n to_o which_o i_o answer_v that_o this_o be_v real_o and_o be_v still_o the_o opinion_n of_o a_o great_a many_o that_o this_o be_v the_o case_n and_o therefore_o since_o indemnity_n can_v never_o be_v too_o full_a or_o ample_a the_o scruple_n of_o such_o man_n and_o the_o inconvenience_n in_o the_o administration_n of_o the_o hospital_n that_o may_v arise_v from_o they_o be_v provide_v for_o ex_fw-la abundanti_fw-la by_o this_o clause_n where_o there_o be_v no_o absolute_a necessity_n second_o though_o as_o to_o the_o commission_n there_o be_v no_o question_n but_o that_o the_o act_n do_v by_o it_o so_o far_o as_o concern_v the_o hospital_n in_o which_o the_o king_n have_v right_o of_o visit_v under_o the_o broad-seal_n be_v otherwise_o material_o legal_a in_o themselves_o be_v likewise_o so_o as_o to_o the_o authority_n from_o whence_o they_o spring_v yet_o the_o case_n be_v alter_v upon_o the_o dissolution_n of_o the_o commission_n by_o the_o eject_v alderman_n and_o governor_n be_v restore_v without_o the_o restitution_n of_o the_o city_n charter_n so_o that_o there_o be_v now_o no_o legal_a authority_n at_o all_o and_o therefore_o this_o proviso_n be_v necessary_a with_o reference_n to_o those_o lease_n or_o grant_n which_o have_v be_v make_v during_o that_o time_n finis_fw-la