as_o a_o wilful_a forfeiture_n or_o abdication_n of_o the_o government_n and_o it_o be_v from_o this_o first_o go_v away_o that_o i_o suppose_v that_o the_o convention_n date_n his_o abdication_n since_o though_o it_o be_v true_a after_o his_o return_n to_o london_n he_o take_v upon_o he_o to_o make_v a_o order_n in_o council_n to_o stop_v the_o further_o pull_v down_o and_o plunder_v popish_a chapel_n and_o papist_n house_n yet_o be_v it_o sign_v by_o very_a few_o of_o the_o council_n and_o almost_o only_o by_o those_o who_o have_v be_v in_o some_o office_n or_o place_n of_o trust_n so_o that_o though_o he_o be_v then_o own_a by_o they_o yet_o since_o that_o order_n do_v only_o serve_v to_o show_v his_o zeal_n for_o the_o popish_a party_n and_o be_v never_o obey_v or_o take_v notice_n of_o by_o those_o to_o who_o it_o be_v direct_v and_o that_o neither_o the_o prince_n nor_o the_o city_n of_o london_n own_v he_o afterward_o since_o it_o have_v already_o deliver_v itself_o up_o to_o the_o prince_n and_o have_v as_o well_o as_o the_o peer_n invite_v he_o to_o repair_v to_o that_o city_n i_o can_v see_v that_o so_o slight_a a_o act_n as_o this_o order_n of_o council_n shall_v be_v count_v a_o return_n to_o or_o a_o re-establishment_n in_o the_o throne_n since_o the_o king_n have_v not_o only_o lose_v the_o crown_n by_o his_o wilful_a departure_n without_o call_v a_o parliament_n or_o give_v the_o p._n any_o satisfaction_n in_o the_o great_a business_n of_o the_o pretend_a prince_n of_o wales_n or_o the_o nation_n by_o repair_v up_o those_o desperate_a breach_n he_o have_v make_v upon_o our_o fundamental_a law_n but_o have_v also_o lose_v his_o title_n to_o the_o crown_n by_o be_v conquer_a by_o the_o prince_n in_o open_a war_n as_o i_o shall_v prove_v more_o at_o large_a another_o time_n so_o that_o if_o you_o please_v better_a to_o consider_v this_o vote_n of_o the_o convention_n you_o will_v find_v that_o these_o word_n have_v abdicate_v the_o government_n do_v not_o only_o refer_v to_o the_o last_o clause_n of_o his_o have_v withdraw_v himself_o out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o to_o everyone_o of_o the_o forego_n clause_n viz._n his_o have_v endeavour_v to_o subvert_v the_o constitution_n of_o this_o kingdom_n his_o break_v the_o original_a contract_n and_o his_o have_v violate_v the_o fundamental_a law_n so_o that_o it_o be_v plain_a their_o notion_n of_o abdication_n be_v not_o fix_v only_o in_o the_o king_n desertion_n or_o bare_a withdraw_v himself_o out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o from_o his_o renounce_v the_o legal_a title_n by_o which_o he_o hold_v the_o crown_n and_o set_v himself_o up_o as_o a_o despotic_a sovereign_n and_o rule_v by_o a_o mercenary_a army_n and_o therefore_o all_o that_o you_o have_v say_v about_o the_o king_n quit_v the_o government_n with_o a_o design_n to_o return_v to_o it_o again_o as_o soon_o as_o with_o safety_n he_o may_v be_v altogether_o vain_a for_o as_o he_o go_v away_o because_o he_o will_v not_o govern_v any_o long_o as_o a_o king_n by_o law_n so_o have_v he_o yet_o give_v we_o no_o satisfaction_n that_o he_o will_v not_o return_v again_o to_o govern_v otherwise_o or_o rather_o worse_a than_o he_o do_v before_o have_v he_o a_o opportunity_n so_o to_o do_v that_o be_v as_o the_o letter_n i_o cite_v but_o now_o phrase_n iâ—_n to_o return_v and_o have_v his_o end_n of_o we_o so_o that_o this_o be_v indeed_o the_o case_n i_o think_v i_o can_v very_o well_o justify_v the_o last_o clause_n in_o this_o vote_n that_o the_o throne_n be_v thereby_o vacant_a m._n sir_n you_o have_v speak_v a_o considerable_a time_n and_o i_o doubt_v more_o than_o i_o can_v distinct_o remember_v to_o answer_v as_o i_o shall_v therefore_o before_o you_o proceed_v to_o this_o last_o clause_n of_o the_o vacancy_n of_o the_o throne_n the_o dispute_n about_o which_o i_o foresee_v may_v hold_v long_o than_o upon_o any_o of_o the_o former_a pray_v give_v i_o leave_v to_o reply_v to_o what_o you_o have_v already_o say_v in_o justification_n of_o all_o the_o other_o part_n of_o this_o vote_n in_o the_o first_o place_n i_o will_v not_o deny_v but_o that_o if_o the_o king_n have_v once_o get_v the_o power_n of_o make_v what_o mayor_n alderman_n and_o other_o officer_n in_o corporation_n at_o his_o pleasure_n it_o will_v have_v go_v a_o great_a way_n towards_o the_o make_n the_o majority_n of_o the_o parliament-man_n nay_o i_o likewise_o grant_v that_o by_o his_o dispense_n power_n he_o may_v have_v make_v what_o papist_n or_o other_o person_n he_o please_v sheriff_n in_o any_o county_n who_o will_v have_v make_v such_o return_n of_o knight_n of_o shire_n as_o he_o shall_v have_v think_v fit_a yet_o i_o suppose_v this_o will_v not_o have_v be_v to_o the_o subversion_n of_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o i_o think_v i_o have_v prove_v to_o consist_v original_o in_o the_o k._n alone_o before_o any_o great_a council_n or_o parliament_n be_v institute_v and_o as_o for_o those_o violation_n of_o the_o fundamental_a law_n and_o liberty_n of_o this_o kingdom_n the_o declaration_n instance_n in_o i_o think_v several_a of_o they_o may_v very_o well_o be_v justify_v by_o ancient_a precedent_n and_o add_v judge_v case_n in_o law_n and_o therefore_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v violation_n that_o they_o be_v no_o more_o than_o the_o king_n exercise_v of_o his_o due_a prerogative_n and_o though_o at_o our_o nine_o meeting_n i_o have_v not_o time_n so_o well_o to_o consider_v these_o matter_n as_o also_o because_o i_o be_v not_o then_o prepare_v to_o defend_v the_o king_n proceed_n i_o shall_v therefore_o make_v bold_a to_o examine_v the_o most_o considerable_a of_o those_o article_n which_o the_o late_a declaration_n suppose_v do_v so_o high_o tend_v to_o subvert_v the_o protestant_a religion_n and_o the_o law_n and_o liberty_n of_o this_o kingdom_n i_o shall_v begin_v with_o the_o first_o viz._n his_o assume_v and_o exercise_v a_o power_n of_o dispense_v with_o and_o suspend_v of_o law_n and_o the_o execution_n of_o law_n without_o consent_n of_o parliament_n which_o power_n let_v i_o tell_v you_o by_o the_o way_n be_v not_o assert_v to_o dispense_v with_o all_o law_n or_o statute_n whatsoever_o but_o only_o such_o as_o the_o subject_n have_v no_o particular_a cause_n of_o action_n in_o and_o where_o the_o damage_n that_o may_v arise_v by_o it_o do_v not_o concern_v the_o public_a safety_n of_o which_o the_o k._n be_v sole_a judge_n and_o not_o any_o particular_a man_n interest_n i_o suppose_v you_o can_v but_o have_v read_v that_o learned_a and_o short_a account_n of_o the_o authority_n in_o law_n upon_o which_o judgement_n be_v give_v in_o sir_n edw._n hales_n his_o case_n write_v by_o sir_n edward_n herbert_n lord_n chief_z justice_z of_o the_o common_a plea_n in_o vindication_n of_o himself_o wherein_o i_o think_v he_o prove_v beyond_o any_o possibility_n of_o a_o just_a answer_n that_o the_o dispensation_n grant_v to_o sir_n edward_n hale_v to_o receive_v a_o commission_n 7._o and_o act_n as_o a_o colonel_n of_o foot_n be_v good_a notwithstanding_o his_o not_o have_v receive_v the_o sacrament_n and_o take_v the_o oath_n and_o test_n 2._o appoint_v by_o the_o act_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 25_o of_o charles_n ii_o where_o he_o first_o prove_v from_o my_o l._n cock_n authority_n that_o it_o belong_v to_o the_o king_n prerogative_n to_o dispense_v with_o all_o positive_a or_o penal_a law_n the_o penalty_n thereof_o be_v only_o popular_a and_o give_v to_o the_o king_n and_o to_o show_v you_o that_o my_o lord_n cook_n who_o be_v never_o count_v any_o great_a friend_n to_o the_o king_n prerogative_n be_v not_o single_a in_o this_o opinion_n 12._o he_o give_v you_o also_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o year_n book_n of_o henry_n the_o vii_o where_o it_o be_v own_a by_o all_o the_o judge_n that_o the_o king_n can_v dispense_v with_o all_o thing_n which_o be_v only_o mala_fw-la prohibita_fw-la and_o not_o malaâ—n_o â—n_z see_v though_o express_o forbid_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n for_o though_o say_v the_o year_n book_n before_o the_o statute_n coin_v of_o money_n be_v lawful_a but_o now_o it_o be_v not_o so_o yet_o the_o king_n can_v dispense_v with_o it_o so_o that_o say_v i_o if_o he_o can_v dispense_v with_o that_o which_o be_v now_o make_v treason_n by_o eà _fw-la the_o iii_o he_o may_v certain_o dispense_v with_o all_o other_o penal_a statute_n of_o a_o less_o nature_n but_o because_o i_o grant_v there_o be_v some_o difference_n between_o common_a penal_a law_n which_o bare_o prohibit_v the_o do_n of_o some_o thing_n under_o a_o penalty_n and_o this_o act_n in_o which_o there_o be_v also_o a_o express_a clause_n of_o nonobstante_a that_o all_o licence_n or_o dispensation_n contrary_a to_o this_o
spend_v our_o dear_a blood_n in_o the_o defence_n of_o our_o sovereign_n person_n and_o the_o preservation_n of_o his_o crown_n and_o dignity_n for_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o by_o the_o law_n this_o allegiance_n be_v due_a to_o the_o king_n person_n so_o the_o same_o author_n say_v it_o be_v then_o resolve_v by_o all_o the_o judge_n that_o that_o ligeance_n be_v due_a to_o the_o natural_a person_n of_o the_o king_n which_o be_v ever_o accompany_v with_o the_o politic_a capacity_n and_o the_o politic_a capacity_n as_o it_o be_v appropriate_v to_o the_o natural_a and_o not_o due_a to_o the_o politic_a capacity_n only_o to_o conclude_v if_o my_o former_a oath_n of_o allegiance_n to_o king_n james_n do_v still_o continue_v as_o i_o be_o satisfy_v in_o my_o conscience_n it_o do_v i_o can_v take_v a_o new_a oath_n of_o allegiance_n to_o king_n william_n and_o queen_n mary_n since_o i_o shall_v thereby_o be_v oblige_v by_o the_o force_n of_o these_o word_n in_o the_o oath_n viz._n i_o will_v be_v faithful_a and_o bear_v true_a allegiance_n to_o yield_v it_o as_o much_o to_o those_o that_o be_v not_o my_o lawful_a sovereign_n as_o i_o be_o to_o those_o that_o be_v so_o which_o will_v be_v contrary_a to_o my_o first_o engagement_n for_o though_o i_o grant_v that_o there_o be_v no_o express_a declaration_n of_o the_o right_n of_o the_o present_a possessor_n of_o the_o throne_n and_o that_o i_o have_v hear_v that_o the_o word_n rightful_a which_o be_v at_o first_o insert_v into_o this_o oath_n be_v strike_v out_o because_o as_o many_o as_o can_v be_v may_v be_v draw_v in_o to_o take_v it_o yet_o as_o long_o as_o the_o word_n that_o remain_v import_v the_o very_a same_o thing_n it_o be_v all_o one_o as_o if_o the_o word_n rightful_a be_v there_o for_o though_o the_o deliberate_a omission_n of_o the_o word_n rightful_a do_v necessary_o infer_v that_o we_o be_v not_o oblige_v in_o this_o oath_n to_o a_o recognition_n of_o their_o right_n to_o the_o crown_n yet_o it_o do_v not_o infer_v that_o we_o be_v not_o oblige_v to_o pay_v as_o high_a a_o degree_n of_o allegiance_n as_o to_o any_o rightful_a king_n whatsoever_o that_o omission_n indeed_o be_v a_o argument_n that_o the_o word_n king_n in_o the_o oath_n do_v not_o necessary_o signify_v a_o king_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la 24._o but_o it_o be_v no_o argument_n that_o true_a allegiance_n do_v not_o signify_v true_a allegiance_n that_o be_v a_o obligation_n to_o adhere_v to_o the_o king_n against_o all_o his_o enemy_n for_o there_o be_v no_o debate_n that_o we_o know_v of_o about_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o word_n allegiance_n neither_o be_v there_o the_o least_o intimation_n give_v that_o they_o design_v to_o restrain_v it_o to_o a_o low_a signification_n though_o it_o be_v plain_o necessary_a to_o do_v it_o if_o they_o intend_v to_o alter_v the_o common_o receive_v meaning_n of_o it_o wherefore_o as_o the_o strike_n out_o of_o the_o word_n rightful_a will_v not_o have_v prove_v that_o they_o do_v not_o intend_v to_o oblige_v we_o to_o a_o active_a assistance_n of_o king_n william_n against_o all_o man_n live_v if_o those_o word_n have_v be_v express_o insert_v in_o the_o oath_n so_o neither_o will_v it_o prove_v that_o the_o same_o duty_n be_v not_o now_o require_v of_o we_o if_o the_o word_n allegiance_n do_v as_o i_o have_v prove_v in_o terminis_fw-la import_v it_o and_o that_o as_o full_o as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v in_o express_a word_n require_v in_o it_o and_o that_o this_o word_n allegiance_n imply_v something_o more_o than_o a_o bare_a passive_a submission_n or_o neutrality_n from_o all_o subject_n as_o well_o as_o magistrate_n and_o officer_n appear_v by_o that_o passage_n in_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 11_o of_o henry_n the_o viith_o which_o you_o have_v now_o cite_v where_o it_o be_v plain_o and_o express_o declare_v that_o every_o subject_a by_o the_o duty_n of_o his_o allegiance_n be_v bind_v to_o serve_v and_o assist_v his_o prince_n and_o sovereign_a lord_n at_o all_o season_n when_o need_n shall_v require_v this_o be_v so_o express_a and_o authentic_a a_o declaration_n of_o the_o true_a duty_n of_o allegiance_n that_o no_o art_n or_o sophistry_n can_v possible_o evade_v it_o f._n i_o confess_v you_o have_v argue_v this_o point_n of_o take_v this_o new_a oath_n of_o allegiance_n not_o only_o like_o a_o civilian_n but_o a_o common_a lawyer_n also_o and_o i_o can_v deny_v the_o force_n of_o what_o you_o have_v say_v that_o this_o oath_n must_v extend_v to_o a_o active_a obedience_n and_o defence_n of_o their_o present_a majesty_n in_o their_o right_n to_o the_o throne_n and_o not_o only_o to_o a_o bare_a sluggish_a submission_n or_o a_o lukewarm_a neutrality_n and_o therefore_o i_o can_v say_v but_o you_o be_v just_o scrupulous_a in_o not_o take_v this_o new_a oath_n until_o you_o be_v satisfy_v of_o their_o majesty_n right_o as_o well_o as_o present_v power_n but_o if_o you_o will_v please_v to_o observe_v the_o purport_n of_o this_o act_n of_o the_o 11_o of_o henry_n the_o viith_o which_o you_o now_o mention_v you_o will_v there_o find_v it_o as_o good_a as_o express_o declare_v that_o allegiance_n be_v due_a to_o he_o who_o be_v lawful_a sovereign_n and_o the_o king_n for_o the_o time_n be_v be_v still_o to_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o such_o for_o the_o word_n in_o the_o statute_n be_v that_o no_o man_n shall_v suff_v for_o assist_v the_o king_n for_o the_o time_n be_v without_o specify_v by_o what_o title_n he_o hold_v the_o crown_n whether_o by_o a_o hereditary_a right_n or_o by_o conquest_n election_n or_o the_o solemn_a recognition_n of_o his_o title_n by_o all_o the_o estate_n in_o parliament_n so_o that_o by_o this_o act_n all_o that_o allegiance_n that_o be_v once_o due_a to_o the_o former_a king_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la become_v thereby_o whole_o transfer_v to_o the_o king_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la m._n i_o grant_v what_o you_o now_o say_v will_v go_v a_o great_a way_n to_o satisfy_v i_o can_v you_o once_o prove_v that_o this_o statute_n be_v now_o in_o force_n and_o be_v not_o now_o either_o abrogate_a or_o expire_v or_o else_o which_o i_o rather_o incline_v to_o believe_v be_v not_o absolute_o void_a in_o itself_o in_o the_o first_o place_n therefore_o i_o hope_v to_o show_v you_o that_o this_o be_v not_o law_n before_o this_o statute_n be_v make_v and_o therefore_o not_o declaratory_a of_o what_o be_v law_n but_o endeavour_n to_o make_v that_o to_o be_v law_n which_o be_v not_o so_o before_o so_o that_o the_o king_n for_o the_o time_n be_v there_o mention_v must_v be_v a_o king_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la or_o at_o least_o one_o that_o be_v presume_v such_o because_o at_o that_o time_n the_o constitution_n know_v no_o other_o 2.3_o for_o that_o possession_n be_v not_o a_o sufficient_a title_n before_o the_o 11_o of_o henry_n the_o viith_o will_v evident_o appear_v from_o these_o follow_a remark_n first_o that_o all_o the_o king_n of_o the_o house_n of_o lancaster_n be_v declare_v in_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o first_o of_o edward_n the_o ivth_o to_o be_v king_n in_o deed_n but_o not_o of_o right_n and_o pretend_a king_n and_o particular_o henry_n the_o vith_o be_v say_v to_o be_v rightful_o amove_v from_o the_o government_n and_o his_o reign_n affirm_v to_o be_v intrusion_n and_o usurpation_n and_o himself_o attaint_v for_o be_v in_o arm_n against_o edward_n the_o ivth_o second_o all_o patent_n of_o honour_n charter_n and_o privilege_n which_o be_v grant_v by_o the_o house_n of_o lancaster_n all_o act_n of_o royal_a authority_n which_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v a_o right_a to_o execute_v by_o virtue_n of_o their_o sole_a prerogative_n nay_o act_n of_o parliament_n themselves_o particular_o those_o relate_n to_o shrewsbury_n and_o some_o other_o which_o by_o parity_n of_o reason_n suppose_v the_o rest_n in_o the_o same_o condition_n all_o act_n of_o this_o nature_n be_v confirm_v by_o the_o first_o of_o edward_n the_o ivth_o which_o be_v a_o good_a argument_n that_o this_o parliament_n believe_v the_o authority_n by_o which_o they_o be_v perform_v to_o be_v defective_a and_o illegal_a for_o we_o never_o find_v any_o such_o general_a confirmation_n as_o these_o pass_n upon_o the_o grant_v of_o the_o king_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la three_o in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o henry_n the_o viith_o richard_n the_o iiid_n be_v attaint_v of_o high_a treason_n in_o parliament_n under_o the_o the_o name_n of_o duke_n of_o gloucester_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o as_o there_o be_v no_o statute_n so_o neither_o be_v there_o any_o common_a law_n to_o support_v the_o title_n of_o a_o king_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la viith_o for_o treason_n be_v a_o attempt_n against_o the_o king_n person_n his_o crown_n and_o dignity_n but_o no_o man_n can_v commit_v treason_n
in_o pleyn_n parliament_n that_o be_v in_o full_a parliament_n where_o both_o lord_n and_o commons_o be_v present_a that_o the_o proceed_n of_o the_o lord_n against_o those_o that_o be_v no_o peer_n shall_v not_o be_v draw_v into_o example_n etc._n etc._n now_o pray_v see_v the_o commentary_n of_o the_o most_o learned_a and_o reverend_a author_n of_o the_o grand_a question_n upon_o these_o word_n in_o this_o record_n this_o have_v all_o the_o formality_n of_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o therefore_o all_o the_o estate_n be_v present_a so_o likewise_o in_o the_o same_o year_n in_o the_o next_o roll_n but_o one_o accord_v est_fw-la per_fw-la nostre_fw-fr seigneur_fw-fr le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr &_o son_n counsel_n in_o plain_a parliament_n which_o be_v a_o act_n of_o parliament_n concern_v those_o that_o have_v follow_v the_o earl_n of_o lancaster_n so_o in_o the_o 5_o the_o of_o this_o king_n we_o have_v the_o particular_a mention_n of_o the_o bishop_n as_o some_o of_o those_o who_o make_v a_o full_a parliament_n accord_v est_fw-la per_fw-la nostre_fw-fr seigneur_fw-fr le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr prelate_n count_n baron_n &_o autres_fw-fr grands_fw-fr de_fw-fr roiaâ—me_n in_o pleyn_n parliament_n so_o in_o the_o 6_o the_o of_o edward_n the_o ill_n d_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n make_v his_o oration_n in_o pleyn_n parliament_n which_o be_v thus_o explain_v en_fw-fr le_fw-fr presence_n nostre_fw-fr seigneur_fw-fr le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr &_o tous_fw-fr les_fw-fr prelate_n &_o autres_fw-fr grantz_n and_o in_o another_o roll_n si_fw-la est_fw-la accord_n &_o assentu_fw-la per_fw-la tous_fw-fr in_o pleyn_n parliament_n and_o who_o these_o be_v we_o be_v tell_v in_o the_o same_o roll_n viz._n les_fw-fr prelate_n count_n baron_n &_o tous_fw-fr les_fw-fr autres_fw-fr summons_n à _fw-fr misme_n parliament_n now_o this_o be_v the_o clear_a explication_n of_o these_o word_n in_o full_a parliament_n viz._n in_o the_o presence_n of_o all_o those_o who_o be_v summon_v so_o that_o if_o the_o commons_o be_v then_o summon_v to_o this_o parliament_n as_o certain_o they_o be_v they_o must_v have_v give_v their_o assent_n under_o the_o title_n of_o grantz_n since_o the_o prelate_n earl_n and_o baron_n be_v particular_o mention_v before_o to_o dialogue_n the_o 10_o the_o p._n 706._o after_o these_o word_n be_v reform_v by_o they_o or_o not_o read_v thus_o and_o that_o king_n james_n the_o first_o himself_o be_v satisfy_v of_o this_o original_a contract_n may_v appear_v by_o his_o own_o word_n in_o a_o speech_n to_o both_o house_n of_o parliament_n 1609._o where_o he_o express_o tell_v they_o that_o the_o king_n bind_v himself_o by_o a_o double_a oath_n to_o the_o observation_n of_o the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o his_o kingdom_n tacit_o as_o be_v a_o king_n and_o so_o bind_v to_o protect_v as_o well_o the_o people_n as_o the_o law_n of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o express_o by_o his_o oath_n at_o his_o coronation_n so_o as_o every_o king_n in_o a_o settle_a kingdom_n be_v bind_v to_o observe_v that_o paction_n make_v to_o his_o people_n by_o his_o law_n in_o frame_v the_o government_n as_o agreeable_a thereunto_o according_a to_o that_o paction_n which_o god_n make_v with_o noah_n after_o the_o deluge_n etc._n etc._n to_o dialogue_n 12._o p._n 874._o after_o their_o successor_n add_v this_o so_o that_o all_o the_o modern_a act_n of_o parliament_n for_o intail_v the_o crown_n be_v make_v and_o ordain_v by_o the_o counsel_n and_o assent_v of_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o be_v so_o many_o plain_a declaration_n and_o evident_a recognition_n what_o the_o fundamental_a constitution_n of_o the_o english_a government_n be_v in_o that_o grand_a point_n to_o dialogue_n the_o 12_o the_o p._n 898._o after_o the_o word_n of_o the_o say_a parish_n read_v thus_o and_o that_o not_o only_o all_o the_o private_a act_n of_o that_o parliament_n but_o some_o public_a one_o also_o though_o never_o confirm_v in_o the_o follow_a parliament_n of_o the_o 13_o of_o charles_n the_o second_o be_v yet_o hold_v good_a in_o law_n appear_v by_o these_o that_o follow_v viz._n 1._o a_o act_n for_o continuance_n of_o process_n and_o judicial_a proceed_n continue_v by_o which_o all_o writ_n plea_n indictment_n etc._n etc._n then_o depend_v be_v order_v to_o stand_v and_o proceed_v on_o notwithstanding_o want_v of_o authority_n in_o the_o late_a usurper_n and_o therein_o it_o be_v far_o ordain_v that_o process_n and_o proceed_n in_o court_n of_o justice_n shall_v be_v in_o the_o english_a tongue_n and_o the_o general_a issue_n be_v plead_v till_o august_n 1._o 1660._o as_o if_o the_o act_v make_v during_o the_o usurpation_n for_o that_o purpose_n have_v be_v good_a and_o effectual_a law_n and_o upon_o this_o foot_n only_o stand_v many_o fine_n recovery_n judgement_n and_o other_o proceed_n at_o law_n have_v and_o pass_v between_o april_n 25_o 1660_o and_o august_n 1._o 1660._o 2._o a_o act_n for_o conform_v and_o restore_a of_o minister_n this_o act_n be_v usual_o to_o this_o day_n set_v forth_o and_o plead_v in_o quare_fw-la impedit_n though_o it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v refuse_v upon_o debate_n to_o be_v confirm_v in_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o 13_o of_o car._n ii_o when_o divers_a other_o act_n of_o the_o same_o time_n be_v confirm_v yet_o both_o these_o act_n have_v no_o other_o authority_n but_o from_o that_o convention_n as_o you_o call_v it_o have_v be_v judge_v and_o constant_o allow_v to_o be_v good_a law_n for_o above_o these_o 30_o year_n to_o dialogue_n the_o 13_o the_o p._n 966._o after_o these_o word_n be_v still_o alive_a read_v this_o and_o to_o show_v you_o that_o the_o king_n and_o parliament_n have_v deprive_v even_o bishop_n of_o their_o own_o communion_n and_o that_o such_o deprivation_n have_v be_v hold_v good_a and_o that_o the_o king_n have_v nominate_v new_a bishop_n upon_o the_o vacancy_n you_o may_v see_v in_o dr._n burnet_n history_n of_o the_o reformation_n and_o in_o the_o appendix_n to_o it_o where_o you_o will_v find_v a_o memorable_a act_n of_o parliament_n of_o the_o 25_o the_o of_o henry_n the_o viii_o before_o his_o departure_n from_o his_o obedience_n to_o the_o see_v of_o rome_n whereby_o cardinal_n campegio_n and_o hieronimo_n de_fw-fr ghinicci_n be_v deprive_v of_o the_o bishopric_n of_o salisbury_n and_o worcester_z which_o they_o have_v hold_v for_o near_o 20_o year_n and_o campegio_n have_v without_o doubt_n be_v install_v in_o it_o when_o he_o be_v in_o england_n the_o act_n itself_o be_v so_o remarkable_a i_o shall_v give_v you_o some_o passage_n out_o of_o it_o verbatim_o first_o the_o preamble_n set_v forth_o that_o whereas_o before_o this_o time_n the_o church_n of_o england_n by_o the_o king_n most_o noble_a progenitor_n and_o the_o noble_n of_o the_o same_o have_v be_v found_v ordain_v and_o establish_v in_o the_o estate_n and_o degree_n of_o prelacy_n dignity_n and_o other_o promotion_n spiritual_a etc._n etc._n which_o sufficient_o confirm_v what_o i_o but_o now_o assert_v that_o all_o the_o bishopric_n be_v found_v by_o our_o king_n with_o the_o consent_n of_o their_o grand_a council_n or_o parliament_n and_o then_o it_o proceed_v to_o recite_v that_o whereas_o all_o person_n promote_v to_o ecclesiastical_a benefice_n aught_o to_o reside_v within_o the_o realm_n for_o preach_v the_o law_n of_o almighty_a god_n and_o keep_v hospitality_n and_o since_o these_o prelate_n have_v not_o observe_v these_o thing_n but_o live_v at_o rome_n and_o carry_v the_o revenue_n of_o their_o bishopric_n out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n contrary_a to_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o founder_n and_o to_o the_o great_a prejudice_n of_o the_o realm_n etc._n etc._n in_o consideration_n whereof_o it_o be_v enact_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o this_o present_a parliament_n that_o the_o say_v two_o see_v and_o bishopric_n of_o salisbury_n and_o worcester_z and_o either_o of_o they_o henceforth_o shall_v be_v take_v repute_v and_o account_v in_o the_o law_n to_o be_v void_a vacant_a and_o utter_o destitute_a of_o any_o incumbent_n or_o prelate_n and_o then_o follow_v a_o clause_n enable_v the_o king_n his_o heir_n and_o successor_n to_o nominate_v and_o appoint_v successor_n be_v the_o native_n of_o this_o realm_n to_o the_o say_a see_v and_o the_o king_n do_v nominate_v successor_n according_a to_o the_o say_v act._n a_o table_n of_o errata_fw-la the_o author_n occasion_n not_o permit_v 〈…〉_z town_n whilst_o most_o of_o these_o dialogue_n be_v in_o the_o press_n beg_v pardon_n for_o the_o many_o errata_n in_o some_o of_o they_o and_o desire_v you_o to_o correct_v such_o gross_a one_o that_o alter_v or_o disturb_v the_o sense_n viz._n dial._n 1._o p._n â—0_n l_o 24._o for_o author_n r._n authority_n p._n 52._o l._n 37._o for_o four_o r._n 5_o p._n 36._o l._n 38._o for_o right_n r._n rite_n dial._n 2._o p._n 80._o l._n 25._o del_o hundred_o r_o thousand_o p._n 80_o l._n 22._o d._n greek_a p._n 84._o
he_o can_v not_o have_v bring_v his_o whole_a design_n within_o the_o compass_n of_o eight_o dialogue_n as_o he_o at_o first_o intend_v and_o still_o hope_v to_o do_v and_o therefore_o to_o ease_v you_o of_o the_o trouble_n of_o buy_v or_o read_v more_o discourse_n on_o these_o subject_n than_o what_o he_o take_v to_o be_v absolute_o necessary_a he_o have_v reduce_v all_o that_o he_o have_v prepare_v for_o the_o five_o discourse_n upon_o the_o subject_a above_o mention_v into_o the_o two_o last_o dialogue_n wherein_o he_o design_n to_o treat_v of_o the_o justice_n and_o lawfulness_n of_o the_o late_a revolution_n and_o the_o settlement_n of_o the_o crown_n upon_o their_o present_a majesty_n where_o the_o then_o question_v he_o intend_v to_o treat_v of_o will_n proper_o enough_o fall_v in_o but_o it_o be_v time_n to_o speak_v somewhat_o concern_v this_o present_a discourse_n since_o it_o treat_v of_o a_o question_n to_o be_v decide_v only_o from_o the_o history_n and_o law_n of_o this_o nation_n and_o the_o author_n bid_v i_o assure_v you_o that_o he_o have_v lay_v down_o nothing_o therein_o on_o either_o side_n but_o what_o he_o have_v produce_v good_a authority_n for_o either_o from_o the_o history_n and_o government_n of_o our_o own_o or_o other_o neighbour_a nation_n or_o from_o the_o colleâ—â—ions_n of_o our_o english_a saxon_n law_n and_o ancient_a as_o well_o as_o modern_a writer_n upon_o the_o law_n of_o england_n and_o last_o from_o our_o statute_n or_o act_n of_o parliament_n since_o the_o repute_a conquest_n which_o he_o find_v necessary_a to_o these_o subject_n without_o omit_v any_o authority_n that_o he_o judge_v material_a to_o be_v urge_v on_o either_o side_n but_o as_o for_o the_o quotation_n themselves_o i_o hope_v they_o be_v true_o cite_v for_o the_o author_n assure_v i_o upon_o the_o word_n of_o a_o gentleman_n that_o he_o be_v not_o conscious_a of_o any_o unfair_a deal_n in_o that_o kind_n either_o by_o any_o wilful_a omission_n or_o concealment_n and_o as_o for_o the_o book_n chapter_n or_o page_n here_o quote_v if_o there_o be_v any_o error_n or_o mistake_n of_o that_o kind_n i_o pray_v impute_v it_o to_o the_o press_n and_o not_o to_o the_o author_n as_o well_o in_o this_o as_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o these_o discourse_n since_o he_o can_v not_o be_v in_o town_n to_o correct_v they_o himself_o but_o he_o intend_v god_n willing_a to_o rectify_v all_o such_o mistake_n by_o a_o table_n of_o errata_fw-la at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o whole_a work_n to_o which_o he_o intend_v also_o to_o add_v a_o exact_a index_n of_o all_o the_o principal_a matter_n that_o be_v debate_v in_o it_o but_o though_o i_o take_v the_o author_n for_o a_o honest_a gentleman_n and_o one_o who_o scorn_v the_o mean_a advantage_n of_o a_o false_a quotation_n yet_o since_o many_o writer_n like_o montebank_n be_v apt_a to_o cry_v up_o their_o own_o sincerity_n even_o when_o they_o deceive_v you_o most_o the_o best_a advice_n i_o can_v give_v you_o be_v that_o if_o you_o have_v the_o leâ—st_a distrust_n of_o any_o thing_n here_o quote_v you_o consult_v the_o author_n or_o book_n themselves_o from_o whence_o he_o have_v transcribe_v they_o and_o then_o you_o will_v be_v best_o able_a to_o judge_v how_o far_o you_o may_v trust_v he_o another_o time_n as_o for_o those_o parliamentary_a record_n here_o cite_v they_o be_v either_o such_o as_o have_v be_v already_o print_v from_o the_o roll_n in_o the_o tower_n or_o other_o office_n at_o westminster_n and_o so_o be_v allow_v for_o authentic_a or_o else_o be_v sâ—ch_o as_o have_v not_o yet_o be_v make_v public_a as_o for_o which_o as_o well_o as_o the_o former_a if_o you_o have_v the_o least_o distrust_n of_o any_o of_o they_o i_o leave_v you_o to_o search_v the_o record_n themselves_o which_o be_v i_o hope_v now_o communicate_v without_o any_o reserve_n to_o all_o that_o be_v willing_a to_o take_v the_o pain_n to_o consult_v they_o i_o have_v no_o more_o to_o add_v but_o to_o assure_v you_o not_o from_o my_o own_o but_o better_a judgement_n that_o you_o will_v find_v more_o in_o this_o small_a treatise_n than_o ever_o be_v yet_o publish_v at_o once_o or_o perhaps_o at_o all_o upon_o these_o important_a subject_n note_n if_o the_o author_n have_v make_v one_o of_o his_o opponent_n call_v the_o entrance_n of_o king_n william_n 1._o into_o england_n and_o his_o take_v the_o crown_n upon_o the_o same_o condition_n as_o his_o english_a predecessor_n a_o conquest_n it_o may_v be_v understand_v in_o the_o large_a acceptation_n of_o that_o word_n and_o for_o brevity_n sake_n only_o author_n make_v use_v of_o and_o how_o denote_v 1._o harmony_n of_o divinity_n and_o law_n h._n d._n l._n 2._o dr._n johnstons_n excellency_n of_o monarchical_a government_n i._o e._n m._n g._n 3._o huntons_n treatise_n of_o monarchy_n h._n t._n m._n 4._o sir_n r._n filmer_n freeholder_n grand_a inquest_n f._n f._n g._n anarchy_n of_o a_o mix_a monarchy_n f._n a._n m._n m._n 5._o dr._n heylin_n stumbling-block_n of_o rebellion_n s._n b._n r._n the_o folio_n edition_n 6_o mr._n petyt_n preface_n to_o his_o ancient_a right_n of_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n asserted_n p.p.r.c._n 7._o dr._n brady_n answer_n to_o the_o say_a treatise_n b._n a._n p._n the_o folio_n edition_n the_o five_o dialogue_n between_o mr._n meanwell_n a_o civilian_n and_o mr._n freeman_n a_o gentleman_n m._n you_o be_v welcome_a sir_n i_o pray_v set_v down_o by_o the_o fire_n i_o be_v think_v before_o you_o come_v in_o of_o the_o best_a method_n of_o manage_v this_o important_a question_n whether_o by_o the_o law_n and_o constitution_n of_o this_o kingdom_n it_o can_v in_o any_o case_n whatever_o be_v lawful_a to_o resist_v the_o king_n or_o those_o that_o act_n by_o virtue_n of_o his_o commission_n i_o shall_v therefore_o proceed_v in_o the_o next_o place_n to_o the_o proof_n of_o the_o second_o proposition_n in_o the_o argument_n i_o at_o first_o propose_v or_o to_o speak_v logical_o the_o minor_a in_o the_o syllogism_n viz._n that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v the_o sole_a supreme_a or_o sovereign_a power_n in_o this_o kingdom_n and_o therefore_o be_v irresistible_a and_o that_o not_o only_o as_o to_o his_o own_o person_n but_o also_o with_o respect_n to_o all_o such_o who_o act_n by_o his_o order_n or_o commission_n though_o the_o thing_n command_v be_v in_o themselves_o illegal_a f._n i_o do_v not_o dislike_v your_o method_n though_o if_o you_o can_v never_o so_o plain_o make_v out_o to_o i_o the_o truth_n of_o this_o minor_a proposition_n yet_o it_o will_v come_v too_o late_o to_o prove_v that_o all_o resistance_n of_o supreme_a power_n be_v unlawful_a in_o all_o case_n whatever_o since_o i_o think_v you_o have_v fail_v in_o the_o proof_n of_o that_o your_o fiâ—st_a proposition_n but_o since_o i_o do_v not_o deny_v the_o truth_n of_o this_o second_o proposition_n in_o some_o sense_n i_o pray_v be_v as_o short_a as_o you_o can_v in_o the_o proof_n of_o it_o m._n i_o shall_v observe_v your_o desire_n and_o shall_v brief_o recite_v some_o authority_n as_o well_o ancient_a as_o modern_a as_o also_o act_n of_o parliament_n which_o declare_v a_o absolute_a and_o imperial_a power_n to_o be_v sole_o in_o the_o king_n to_o begin_v with_o the_o saxon_a time_n â—ein_fw-fr first_o as_o to_o the_o title_n of_o king_n or_o emperor_n use_v promiscuous_o our_o king_n edgar_n frequent_o in_o his_o charter_n caâ—s_v himself_o albionis_fw-la &_o anglorum_fw-la baâ—ileus_n and_o the_o grecian_n esteem_v the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o be_v of_o full_a as_o eminent_a a_o signification_n as_o emperor_n and_o king_n edâ—arâ—_n the_o confessor_n in_o a_o charter_n to_o the_o abbey_n of_o peterburg_n style_v himself_o rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la and_o his_o government_n a_o monarchy_n 64._o and_o king_n ethelred_n in_o his_o charter_n to_o canterbury_n stiles_n himself_o angligenum_n orcadarum_fw-la necnon_fw-la in_o gyrojacentium_fw-la monarcha_fw-la &_o anglorum_fw-la induperator_fw-la so_o that_o you_o hereby_o may_v see_v that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n long_o before_o the_o conquest_n look_v upon_o themselves_o as_o emperor_n or_o absolute_a civil_a sovereign_n so_o likewise_o after_o that_o time_n we_o find_v w._n rufus_n date_n his_o charter_n to_o the_o monastery_n of_o shaftsbury_n secundo_fw-la anno_fw-la imperiâ—_n mei_fw-la and_o though_o the_o title_n of_o emperor_n have_v be_v disuse_v yet_o we_o shall_v find_v the_o substance_n of_o it_o sufficient_o challenge_v in_o that_o letter_n of_o w._n rufus_n to_o archbishop_n anselm_n tell_v he_o that_o he_o have_v all_o the_o liberty_n in_o his_o kingdom_n which_o the_o emperor_n 2d_o challenge_v in_o the_o empire_n and_o the_o like_a be_v challenge_v by_o henry_n the_o first_o in_o all_o his_o dispute_n with_o the_o pope_n concern_v the_o investiture_n of_o bishop_n and_o abbot_n
particular_o to_o the_o 55_o the_o law_n of_o william_n the_o first_o part_n of_o which_o i_o have_v already_o cite_v it_o begin_v thus_o volumus_fw-la etiam_fw-la ac_fw-la firmiter_fw-la praecipimus_fw-la &_o concedimus_fw-la ut_fw-la omnes_fw-la liberi_fw-la homines_fw-la totius_fw-la monarchiae_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la praedicti_fw-la habeaâ—t_fw-la &_o teneant_fw-la terras_fw-la svas_fw-la &_o pâ—ssessiones_fw-la svas_fw-la bene_fw-la &_o in_o pace_n libere_fw-la ab_fw-la omni_fw-la exactione_n injusta_fw-la &_o ab_fw-la omni_fw-la tallagio_n ita_fw-la quod_fw-la nihil_fw-la ab_fw-la ois_fw-la exigatur_fw-la vel_fw-la capiatur_fw-la nisi_fw-la servitium_n suum_fw-la liberum_fw-la quod_fw-la de_fw-la jure_fw-la nobis_fw-la facere_fw-la debent_fw-la &_o facere_fw-la tenentur_fw-la &_o prout_fw-la statutum_fw-la est_fw-la eye_n etc._n etc._n so_o that_o whatsoever_o be_v do_v at_o any_o time_n contrary_a to_o this_o statute_n be_v illegal_a and_o consequent_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v quote_v as_o any_o part_n of_o the_o king_n prerogative_n but_o that_o the_o nobility_n and_o people_n of_o england_n have_v divers_a right_n and_o liberty_n before_o the_o time_n of_o king_n john_n and_o of_o his_o grant_v that_o charter_n appear_v by_o its_o conclusion_n in_o these_o word_n 30._o salvis_fw-la archiepiscopis_fw-la abbatibus_fw-la prioribus_fw-la templariis_fw-la hospitalarâ—is_fw-la comitibus_fw-la baronibus_fw-la militibus_fw-la &_o omnibus_fw-la aliis_fw-la tam_fw-la ecclesiasticis_fw-la personis_fw-la quam_fw-la secâ—laribus_fw-la libertatibus_fw-la quas_fw-la prius_fw-la habâ—erunt_fw-la and_o as_o for_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o liberty_n grant_v by_o this_o charter_n though_o they_o be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v grant_v from_o the_o king_n be_v mere_a good_a will_n yet_o that_o be_v recite_v only_o to_o make_v it_o more_o strong_a against_o himself_o since_o the_o nobility_n and_o people_n of_o england_n claim_v those_o liberty_n as_o their_o ancient_a undoubted_a right_n and_o the_o same_o author_n as_o i_o have_v already_o hint_v express_o tell_v we_o 254._o that_o this_o charter_n contain_v maxima_fw-la ex_fw-la parte_fw-la leges_fw-la antiquas_fw-la and_o a_o little_a low_o he_o relate_v where_o those_o liberty_n be_v to_o be_v find_v capitula_fw-la quoque_fw-la legum_fw-la &_o libertatum_fw-la quae_fw-la ibi_fw-la magnates_fw-la confirmari_fw-la quaerebant_fw-la partim_fw-la in_o charta_fw-la regis_fw-la henrici_fw-la superius_fw-la scripta_fw-la sunt_fw-la partimque_fw-la ex_fw-la legibus_fw-la regis_fw-la edwardi_fw-la aâ—â—iquis_fw-la excerpta_fw-la so_o that_o they_o be_v not_o only_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o king_n be_v mere_a grace_n and_o favour_n as_o you_o suppose_v but_o if_o you_o please_v now_o to_o descend_v to_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o and_o so_o downward_o from_o which_o time_n our_o elder_a print_a statute_n bear_v date_n let_v we_o see_v if_o i_o can_v answer_v all_o those_o argument_n which_o the_o gentleman_n of_o your_o opinion_n have_v thence_o bring_v for_o the_o king_n be_v sole_a legislative_a power_n m._n though_o i_o do_v not_o allow_v of_o your_o notion_n of_o the_o conqueror_n not_o be_v proper_o and_o real_o so_o as_o i_o shall_v show_v you_o another_o time_n when_o i_o shall_v more_o particular_o consider_v that_o argument_n of_o the_o right_n of_o conquest_n in_o king_n william_n and_o all_o his_o successor_n therefore_o i_o do_v at_o present_v ready_o assent_v to_o your_o proposal_n and_o it_o be_v the_o very_a thing_n i_o be_v come_v to_o and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v begin_v with_o the_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la of_o henry_n the_o three_o which_o begin_v thus_o know_v you_o that_o we_o of_o our_o mere_a and_o free_a will_v have_v give_v these_o liberty_n the_o statute_n de_fw-fr scaccario_fw-la anno_fw-la 51_o hen._n 3._o begin_v thus_o the_o king_n command_v that_o all_o manner_n of_o bailiff_n etc._n etc._n the_o statute_n de_fw-fr districtione_n scaccarii_fw-la make_v the_o same_o year_n run_v thus_o it_o be_v provide_v and_o ordain_v the_o king_n will_v the_o statute_n of_o marlbridge_n 52_o hen._n 3._o and_o he_o i._n e._n the_o king_n have_v appoint_v all_o these_o act_n ordinance_n and_o statute_n to_o be_v observe_v of_o all_o his_o subject_n if_o we_o come_v to_o the_o reign_n of_o his_o son_n edward_n i._n and_o begin_v with_o the_o statute_n of_o westminster_n i._o it_o be_v there_o say_v in_o the_o preamble_n these_o be_v the_o act_n of_o king_n edward_n i._o make_v at_o his_o first_o parliament_n by_o his_o council_n and_o by_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o archbishop_n bishop_n etc._n etc._n and_o in_o the_o first_o chapter_n it_o be_v say_v the_o king_n have_v ordain_v and_o establish_v these_o acts._n and_o though_o i_o grant_v that_o in_o divers_a statute_n of_o this_o king_n at_o in_o this_o of_o westminster_n it_o be_v recite_v that_o the_o king_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o counsel_n or_o assent_v of_o the_o archbishop_n bishop_n earls_z baron_n etc._n etc._n have_v make_v provide_v ordain_v or_o establish_v such_o and_o such_o law_n yet_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o the_o enact_v or_o decree_v part_n be_v whole_o ascribe_v to_o the_o king_n in_o all_o those_o statute_n wherein_o such_o word_n be_v find_v as_o i_o shall_v make_v it_o appear_v more_o plain_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o act_n on_o burnel_n make_v in_o 13_o edw._n i._o where_o it_o be_v say_v the_o king_n by_o himself_o and_o all_o his_o council_n have_v ordain_v and_o establish_v and_o in_o the_o statute_n of_o westminster_n 3.18_o edw._n i._o chap._n i._o our_o lord_n the_o king_n in_o his_o parliament_n at_o westminster_n at_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o great_a man_n of_o the_o realm_n have_v grant_v provide_v and_o ordain_v in_o the_o statute_n de_fw-fr iis_fw-la qui_fw-la ponendi_fw-la sunt_fw-la in_o assizes_n 21_o edw._n i._o our_o lord_n the_o king_n in_o his_o parliament_n hold_v etc._n etc._n have_v ordain_v that_o etc._n etc._n the_o statute_n of_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la 18._o edw._n i._n run_v thus_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n at_o his_o parliament_n hold_v at_o westminster_n of_o his_o special_a grace_n and_o for_o the_o affection_n he_o bear_v unto_o his_o prelate_n earl_n and_o baron_n have_v grant_v that_o etc._n etc._n ay_o edw._n ii_o begin_v thus_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n have_v grant_v the_o statute_n of_o gavelet_n 10_o edw._n ii_o begin_v thus_o it_o be_v provide_v by_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n and_o his_o justice_n the_o statute_n of_o carlisle_n 15_o edw._n ii_o begin_v thus_o the_o king_n unto_o the_o justice_n of_o his_o bâ—nch_n send_v greeting_n whereas_o of_o â—ate_z we_o have_v ordain_v etc._n etc._n but_o if_o we_o come_v to_o the_o reign_n of_o his_o son_n edw._n 3d._n the_o preface_n to_o most_o of_o the_o statute_n make_v in_o his_o reign_n run_v thus_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n by_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o prelate_n earl_n etc._n etc._n and_o at_o the_o request_n of_o his_o people_n have_v grant_v and_o establish_v or_o else_o at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o commonality_n have_v ordain_v etc._n etc._n the_o like_a style_n continue_v during_o the_o reign_n of_o richard_n the_o second_o henry_n four_o and_o henry_n 5_o with_o very_o little_a alteration_n only_o it_o be_v common_o at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o prelate_n dâ—kes_n earl_n and_o baron_n and_o at_o the_o instance_n and_o special_a request_n of_o the_o commons_o the_o king_n have_v ordain_v etc._n etc._n whereby_o we_o see_v a_o plain_a difference_n in_o the_o phrase_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o those_o time_n for_o it_o be_v the_o lord_n that_o give_v their_o assent_n whereas_o the_o commons_o only_o petition_v but_o it_o be_v the_o king_n alone_o who_o ordain_v and_o establish_v i_o confess_v indeed_o that_o under_o some_o prince_n of_o bad_a title_n as_o in_o particular_a under_o the_o minority_n of_o henry_n 6_o there_o begin_v some_o alteration_n in_o the_o form_n of_o pen_v the_o enact_v part_n of_o most_o statute_n that_o be_v then_o make_v and_o that_o unto_o those_o usual_a word_n which_o be_v insert_v ordinary_o into_o the_o body_n of_o the_o act_n from_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o that_o king_n 721._o viz._n by_o the_o advice_n and_o assent_n of_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o tempâ—ral_a and_o at_o the_o special_a instance_n and_o request_n of_o the_o commons_o there_o be_v add_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o say_a parliament_n but_o it_o be_v still_o to_o be_v observe_v that_o though_o these_o word_n be_v add_v to_o the_o former_a clause_n yet_o the_o power_n of_o grant_v and_o ordain_v be_v still_o acknowledge_v to_o belong_v to_o the_o king_n alone_o as_o appear_v by_o these_o act_n of_o parliament_n of_o that_o king_n viz._n the_o 3d._n henry_n 6_o ch._n 2._o 8_o hen._n 6._o chap._n 3._o where_o it_o be_v say_v our_o lord_n the_o king_n by_o the_o advice_n and_o assent_n and_o at_o the_o request_n aforesaid_a have_v ordain_v and_o grant_v or_o ordain_v and_o establish_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o this_o parliament_n and_o thus_o it_o general_o
stand_v but_o every_o general_a rule_n may_v have_v some_o exception_n till_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n seven_o about_o which_o time_n that_o usual_a clause_n at_o the_o special_a instance_n or_o request_n of_o the_o commons_o begin_v by_o little_a and_o little_a to_o be_v laiâ—_n aside_o and_o that_o of_o their_o advice_n or_o assent_n to_o be_v insert_v in_o the_o place_n thereof_o for_o which_o i_o do_v refer_v you_o to_o the_o statute-book_n at_o large_a which_o form_n i_o confess_v continue_v to_o this_o day_n yet_o even_o in_o hen._n 7th_n time_n in_o the_o first_o of_o that_o king_n and_o the_o seven_o chap._n it_o run_v in_o this_o style_n the_o king_n our_o sovereign_a lord_n of_o his_o noble_a and_o abundant_a grace_n by_o the_o advice_n and_o assent_n of_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a at_o the_o supplication_n of_o the_o commons_o in_o the_o say_a parliament_n assemble_v and_o by_o authority_n of_o the_o same_o ordain_v and_o though_o the_o statute_n of_o hen._n 8_o do_v general_o agree_v in_o their_o style_n with_o those_o of_o his_o father_n yet_o in_o his_o time_n also_o many_o act_n be_v draw_v up_o in_o form_n of_o petition_n as_o 3_o hen._n 8_o c._n 14._o pray_fw-mi your_o highness_n the_o commons_o in_o this_o present_a parliament_n assemble_v and_o 5_o hen._n 8._o c._n 4._o pray_fw-mi the_o commons_o in_o this_o present_a parliament_n and_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o his_o son_n â—d_a 6_o though_o i_o grant_v that_o most_o of_o his_o act_n do_v run_v in_o the_o usual_a form_n yet_o this_o one_o be_v very_o remarkable_a i_o edw._n 6._o c._n 4._o wherefore_o the_o king_n our_o sovereign_a lord_n etc._n etc._n at_o the_o humble_a petition_n and_o suit_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o in_o this_o present_a parliament_n assemble_v do_v declare_v ordain_v and_o enact_v by_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a and_o the_o commons_o in_o this_o present_a parliament_n assemble_v and_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o same_o which_o last_o word_n 722._o though_o they_o may_v seem_v to_o refer_v to_o the_o parliament_n and_o may_v make_v man_n think_v that_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o do_v then_o pretend_v some_o title_n unto_o the_o power_n of_o make_v law_n yet_o neither_o advise_v nor_o assent_v be_v so_o opperative_a in_o the_o present_a case_n as_o to_o transfer_v the_o power_n of_o make_v law_n to_o such_o as_o do_v advise_v about_o they_o or_o assent_v unto_o they_o nor_o can_v the_o alteration_n of_o the_o form_n and_o style_n use_v in_o ancient_a time_n import_v a_o alteration_n of_o the_o form_n of_o government_n unless_o it_o can_v be_v show_v as_o i_o think_v it_o can_v that_o any_o of_o our_o king_n do_v renounce_v that_o power_n which_o proper_o and_o sole_o do_v belong_v unto_o they_o or_o do_v by_o any_o solemn_a act_n of_o communication_n confer_v the_o same_o upon_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o convene_v in_o parliament_n and_o therefore_o upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n 41._o since_o in_o almost_o all_o our_o most_o ancient_a statute_n it_o be_v precise_o express_a that_o they_o be_v make_v by_o the_o king_n himself_o the_o meaning_n of_o those_o general_a word_n use_v in_o latter_a time_n that_o the_o statute_n be_v make_v by_o authority_n of_o parliament_n be_v particular_o explain_v in_o former_a statute_n viz._n that_o the_o king_n ordain_v the_o lord_n advise_v the_o commons_o consent_v as_o by_o compare_v the_o writ_n with_o the_o statute_n that_o expound_v the_o writ_n will_v evident_o appear_v f._n in_o answer_n to_o those_o authority_n you_o have_v now_o bring_v i_o doubt_v not_o but_o i_o shall_v give_v you_o other_o of_o as_o great_a weight_n that_o prove_v the_o direct_a contrary_n to_o what_o you_o now_o assert_v to_o begin_v with_o your_o instance_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la i_o shall_v show_v that_o those_o charter_n that_o be_v grant_v and_o confirm_v by_o henry_n 3d._n be_v not_o his_o act_n or_o grant_v alone_o but_o the_o grant_v also_o of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n represent_v in_o parliament_n we_o have_v two_o express_a declaration_n for_o the_o one_o 38._o in_o the_o 25_o of_o king_n edw._n 〈◊〉_d where_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o parliament_n roll_v of_o that_o year_n a_o confirmation_n of_o the_o great_a charter_n of_o liberty_n and_o forest_n in_o these_o word_n which_o i_o shall_v render_v to_o you_o in_o english_a out_o of_o the_o old_a french_a for_o your_o better_a understanding_n know_v you_o that_o the_o honour_n of_o god_n and_o holy_a church_n and_o for_o the_o profit_n of_o our_o whole_a realm_n we_o have_v grant_v for_o we_o and_o to_o our_o heir_n that_o the_o great_a charter_n of_o franchise_n and_o forest_n which_o be_v make_v by_o the_o common_a assent_n of_o the_o whole_a realm_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n our_o father_n shall_v be_v hold_v in_o all_o point_n without_o any_o blemishment_n so_o likewise_o we_o find_v another_o confirmation_n of_o those_o charter_n in_o the_o parliament_n roll_n dorso_n of_o the_o 15_o of_o edw._n 3d._n which_o be_v in_o old_a french_a i_o shall_v render_v it_o into_o english_a imprimiâ—_fw-la it_o be_v accord_v and_o assent_v that_o the_o franchise_n of_o holy_a church_n and_o the_o great_a charter_n of_o forest_n and_o the_o other_o statute_n make_v by_o our_o say_a lord_n the_o king_n and_o his_o progenitor_n the_o peer_n and_o the_o commons_o of_o the_o land_n for_o the_o common_a profit_n of_o the_o people_n shall_v be_v firm_o keep_v and_o maintain_v in_o all_o point_n so_o that_o you_o may_v hence_o plain_o see_v that_o the_o king_n himself_o with_o the_o whole_a parliament_n declare_v and_o that_o in_o two_o several_a king_n reign_n that_o the_o great_a charter_n be_v not_o only_o the_o free_a grant_n of_o king_n henry_n but_o also_o the_o joint_n act_v of_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n and_o why_o king_n john_n charter_n shall_v not_o be_v make_v by_o the_o like_a authority_n be_v one_o of_o his_o progenitor_n i_o see_v no_o reason_n especial_o if_o we_o consider_v that_o that_o charter_n be_v first_o draw_v up_o by_o the_o baron_n in_o the_o form_n in_o which_o we_o find_v it_o and_o be_v pass_v by_o that_o king_n under_o his_o great_a seal_n in_o that_o vast_a general_n council_n or_o assembly_n at_o running-mead_n and_o certain_o whoever_o can_v draw_v up_o a_o law_n and_o can_v offer_v it_o to_o a_o prince_n to_o confirm_v and_o without_o which_o consent_n of_o they_o it_o will_v not_o be_v good_a must_v necessary_o have_v a_o share_n in_o the_o make_n of_o it_o as_o for_o your_o other_o instance_n of_o those_o old_a statute_n make_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o heâ—_n 3d._n though_o i_o grant_v they_o begin_v as_o you_o say_v in_o the_o king_n name_n yet_o if_o you_o will_v but_o have_v read_v a_o little_a further_o you_o will_v have_v find_v that_o in_o divers_a of_o they_o the_o bishop_n earl_n and_o baron_n give_v their_o consent_n to_o they_o and_o for_o the_o proof_n of_o this_o i_o shall_v begin_v with_o one_o of_o the_o ancient_a statute_n we_o have_v leave_v we_o 3._o viz._n that_o of_o merton_n in_o the_o preamble_n of_o which_o it_o be_v recite_v provisum_fw-la est_fw-la in_o curia_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la apud_fw-la merton_n where_o after_o the_o party_n that_o be_v present_a at_o the_o make_n of_o the_o law_n it_o conclude_v thus_o in_o the_o latin_a copy_n ita_fw-la provisum_fw-la est_fw-la &_o concessum_fw-la tam_fw-la a_o praedictis_fw-la archiepiscopis_fw-la episcopis_fw-la comitibus_fw-la baronibus_fw-la quam_fw-la ab_fw-la ipso_fw-la rege_fw-la &_o aliis_fw-la where_o you_o see_v the_o provide_v and_o enact_v part_n be_v ascribe_v to_o the_o bishop_n earl_n and_o baron_n as_o well_o as_o to_o the_o king_n who_o be_v here_o mention_v almost_o last_o of_o all_o and_o though_o i_o confess_v that_o there_o be_v then_o no_o set_v form_n of_o pen_v of_o statute_n in_o that_o honest_a and_o plain_a age_n when_o parliament_n do_v not_o last_v so_o many_o day_n as_o they_o do_v now_o week_n and_o that_o the_o king_n judge_n and_o council_n draw_v up_o the_o act_n after_o the_o parliament_n be_v up_o in_o what_o form_n they_o please_v sometime_o leave_v out_o any_o mention_n of_o the_o bishop_n sometime_o of_o the_o temporal_a lord_n and_o most_o common_o of_o the_o commons_o yet_o that_o they_o do_v all_o give_v their_o consent_n to_o such_o act_n appear_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o westminster_n the_o one_a which_o you_o have_v already_o cite_v where_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o arch-bishop_n bishop_n etc._n etc._n count_n earl_n baron_n and_o all_o the_o commonalty_n of_o the_o land_n be_v express_o mention_v so_o likewise_o the_o statute_n of_o 51._o of_o king_n h._n 3d._n concern_v measure_n begin_v thus_o per_fw-la
for_o the_o correction_n of_o the_o 12_o ch._n of_o the_o statute_n of_o gloucester_n be_v sign_v under_o the_o great_a seal_n and_o send_v to_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o bench_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o writ_n patent_n with_o a_o certain_a writ_n close_v date_v by_o the_o king_n hand_n at_o westminster_n 2_o maiâ—_n 9_o edw._n i_o require_v that_o they_o shall_v do_v and_o execute_v all_o and_o every_o thing_n contain_v in_o it_o 51._o though_o the_o same_o do_v not_o accord_n with_o the_o statute_n of_o gloucester_n in_o all_o thing_n 19_o hen._n 3d._n a_o provision_n be_v make_v de_fw-fr assisa_fw-la praesentationis_fw-la which_o be_v continue_v and_o allow_v for_o a_o law_n until_o the_o statute_n of_o westminster_n 2_o which_o provide_v the_o contrary_a in_o express_a word_n so_o that_o in_o the_o old_a statute_n it_o be_v hard_o to_o distinguish_v what_o law_n be_v make_v by_o king_n in_o parliament_n and_o what_o out_o of_o parliament_n especial_o when_o king_n call_v the_o peer_n only_o to_o parliament_n and_o of_o those_o how_o many_o or_o who_o they_o please_v as_o it_o appear_v ancient_o they_o do_v it_o be_v no_o easy_a matter_n to_o put_v a_o difference_n between_o a_o council-table_n and_o a_o parliament_n or_o between_o a_o proclamation_n and_o a_o statute_n not_o but_o that_o i_o own_o in_o old_a time_n there_o be_v a_o distinction_n between_o the_o king_n special_a or_o privy_a council_n and_o the_o common-council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o yet_o his_o special_a council_n do_v sit_v with_o the_o peer_n in_o parliament_n and_o be_v as_o part_v thereof_o and_o be_v of_o great_a and_o extraordinary_a authority_n there_o as_o may_v appear_v by_o divers_a act_n of_o parliament_n some_o of_o which_o i_o have_v already_o recite_v as_o the_o statute_n of_o westminster_n i._n where_o it_o be_v say_v these_o be_v the_o act_n of_o edward_n make_v at_o his_o i._o parliament_n by_o his_o council_n the_o statute_n of_o acton_n burnel_n 13_o ed._n one_a have_v these_o word_n the_o king_n for_o himself_o and_o by_o his_o council_n have_v ordain_v and_o establish_v and_o in_o articulis_fw-la super_fw-la chartas_n there_o be_v these_o provision_n nevertheless_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n do_v not_o intend_v and_o both_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n and_o all_o they_o tâ—at_o be_v present_a will_n and_o intend_v that_o the_o right_n and_o prerogative_n of_o his_o crown_n shall_v be_v save_v to_o he_o in_o all_o thing_n preamb._n and_o before_o these_o the_o commons_o often_o petition_v the_o king_n as_o 1_o edw._n 3d._n where_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la be_v confirm_v the_o preamble_n be_v thus_o at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o commonalty_n by_o their_o petition_n make_v before_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n in_o parliament_n by_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o prelate_n earl_n and_o baron_n etc._n etc._n i_o can_v give_v you_o many_o more_o example_n of_o this_o kind_a but_o that_o it_o be_v needless_a only_o these_o may_v suffice_v to_o let_v you_o see_v that_o the_o king_n council_n have_v a_o great_a authority_n in_o those_o time_n and_o perhaps_o be_v more_o ancient_a than_o the_o great_a council_n itself_o yet_o i_o can_v forbear_v to_o give_v you_o one_o or_o two_o authority_n more_o to_o prove_v 234._o that_o the_o king_n with_o the_o advice_n and_o consent_n of_o a_o council_n of_o his_o earl_n baron_n and_o other_o wise_a man_n have_v sometime_o take_v upon_o he_o to_o repâ—â—â—_n aâ—_n the_o statute_n make_v in_o a_o precedent_n parliament_n as_o contrary_a to_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o this_o realm_n and_o to_o his_o prerogative_n and_o right_n royal_a though_o grant_v by_o he_o in_o manner_n of_o a_o statute_n and_o for_o this_o 111._o you_o may_v see_v the_o statute_n of_o 15_o edward_n the_o 3d._n at_o large_a in_o pulton_n collection_n so_o likewise_o in_o the_o preface_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o westminster_n 20_o e._n 3._o that_o we_o viz._n the_o king_n by_o the_o assent_n of_o our_o great_a man_n and_o other_o wise_a man_n of_o our_o council_n have_v ordain_v etc._n etc._n where_o you_o may_v observe_v that_o here_o be_v no_o mention_n either_o of_o lord_n temporal_a or_o commons_o i_o can_v give_v you_o more_o example_n of_o this_o kind_n be_v it_o not_o too_o tedious_a from_o which_o statute_n it_o seem_v plain_a to_o i_o that_o this_o king_n do_v sometime_o exercise_n a_o prerogative_n of_o make_v and_o repeal_n law_n without_o consent_n of_o parliament_n in_o the_o next_o place_n i_o desire_v you_o to_o take_v notice_n that_o these_o word_n you_o so_o much_o rely_v upon_o viz._n by_o the_o authority_n of_o this_o present_a parliament_n 721._o and_o be_v it_o enact_v by_o the_o king_n lord_n and_o commons_o as_o if_o they_o be_v three_o coordinate_a estate_n be_v never_o in_o use_n till_o the_o reign_n of_o hen._n 6_o and_o hen._n seven_o two_o notorious_a usurper_n and_o that_o the_o king_n be_v single_a answer_n to_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o request_v be_v a_o sufficient_a act_n of_o parliament_n without_o any_o mention_n of_o the_o concurrent_a authority_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o enact_v the_o same_o the_o precedent_n i_o give_v you_o of_o king_n charles_n answer_n to_o the_o petition_n of_o right_n may_v suffice_v though_o you_o have_v not_o vouchsafe_v to_o give_v i_o any_o return_v to_o it_o so_o that_o i_o think_v these_o instance_n may_v serve_v instead_o of_o many_o argument_n for_o the_o proof_n of_o this_o truth_n that_o the_o legislative_a power_n as_o we_o phrase_n it_o now_o be_v whole_o and_o sole_o in_o the_o king_n although_o restrain_v in_o the_o exercise_n and_o use_v thereof_o by_o constant_a custom_n unto_o the_o counsel_n and_o consent_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o for_o le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr le_fw-fr veult_n or_o the_o king_n will_v have_v it_o so_o be_v the_o imperative_a phrase_n by_o which_o the_o proposition_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o be_v make_v act_n of_o parliament_n and_o let_v the_o lord_n and_o commons_o agitate_v and_o propound_v what_o law_n they_o please_v for_o their_o ease_n and_o benefit_n as_o general_o all_o law_n and_o statute_n be_v more_o for_o the_o ease_n and_o benefit_n of_o the_o subject_a than_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o king_n yet_o as_o well_o now_o as_o former_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o roman_a emperor_n only_o quod_fw-la principi_fw-la placet_fw-la legis_fw-la habet_fw-la vigorem_fw-la nothing_o but_o that_o which_o the_o king_n please_v to_o allow_v of_o be_v to_o pass_v for_o law_n the_o law_n not_o take_v their_o coercive_a force_n as_o judicious_a hookeâ—_n well_o observe_v from_o the_o quality_n of_o such_o as_o devise_v they_o 49._o but_o from_o the_o power_n that_o give_v they_o the_o strength_n of_o law_n so_o that_o to_o determine_v the_o matter_n logical_o the_o legislative_a power_n be_v either_o large_o and_o improper_o or_o strict_o and_o proper_o take_v large_o take_v it_o signify_v any_o power_n which_o have_v the_o authority_n to_o provide_v the_o material_n of_o a_o law_n and_o to_o judge_v what_o be_v just_o convenient_a or_o necessary_a to_o be_v enact_v and_o to_o declare_v when_o any_o matter_n due_o prepare_v be_v make_v and_o grant_v into_o a_o law_n and_o this_o ministerial_a sort_n of_o legislative_a power_n improper_o so_o call_v the_o two_o house_n have_v and_o exercise_v yet_o by_o authority_n front_v the_o grow_v but_o then_o the_o legislative_a power_n be_v strictly_n and_o proper_o take_v for_o the_o power_n of_o sanction_n or_o for_o that_o command_a ordain_v power_n which_o give_v life_n and_o be_v to_o the_o law_n and_o force_v to_o oblige_v the_o conscience_n of_o the_o subject_a and_o this_o be_v radical_o and_o incommunicable_o in_o the_o king_n as_o sovereign_n and_o therefore_o as_o i_o have_v already_o say_v all_o the_o ancient_a act_n run_v in_o the_o king_n name_n alone_o and_o from_o the_o legislative_a power_n thus_o proper_o take_v the_o law_n be_v proper_o call_v the_o king_n law_n and_o the_o violation_n of_o they_o be_v punishable_a as_o such_o f._n you_o have_v make_v a_o very_a long_a speech_n and_o take_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o pain_n to_o perplex_v a_o question_n in_o itself_o very_o easy_a to_o be_v resolve_v and_o to_o which_o i_o need_v return_v you_o no_o other_o answer_n than_o what_o bracton_n tell_v we_o in_o his_o 3_o d._n book_n cap._n 9_o de_fw-la actionibus_fw-la nibil_n aliud_fw-la potest_fw-la rex_fw-la in_o terris_fw-la suâ—â—_n cum_fw-la sit_fw-la dei_fw-la minister_n &_o vicarius_fw-la nisi_fw-la id_fw-la solum_fw-la quod_fw-la de_fw-la jure_fw-la potest_fw-la nâ—â—_n oâ—staâ—_n quod_fw-la dicitur_fw-la quod_fw-la principi_fw-la place_n legis_fw-la habet_fw-la vigorem_fw-la quia_fw-la sequâ—â—uâ—_fw-la in_o fine_a legis_fw-la cum_fw-la bege_fw-la regâ—a_fw-la quae_fw-la de_fw-fr imperio_fw-la ejus_fw-la laâ—a_fw-la est_fw-la i._n e._n non_fw-la quiâ—quid_fw-la de_fw-fr
voluntate_fw-la regis_fw-la teâ—â—ere_fw-la praesumptum_fw-la est_fw-la sed_fw-la quod_fw-la consilio_fw-la magistratuum_fw-la suoâ—an_fw-la rege_fw-la authoritatem_fw-la praesâ—aâ—â—e_fw-la &_o babâ—â—a_fw-la super_fw-la hoâ—_n deliberatâ—one_fw-la so_o that_o you_o see_v in_o the_o time_n when_o this_o author_n write_v the_o king_n can_v do_v no_o more_o by_o his_o prerogative_n than_o the_o law_n allow_v he_o to_o do_v and_o though_o it_o be_v true_a it_o be_v his_o will_n and_o authority_n that_o give_v vigour_n to_o the_o law_n yet_o this_o only_a as_o it_o be_v declare_v in_o parliament_n and_o in_o those_o act_n which_o have_v before_o receive_v the_o consent_n of_o his_o great_a council_n here_o call_v the_o king_n magistrate_n and_o therefore_o you_o have_v do_v what_o you_o can_v to_o confound_v the_o difference_n between_o the_o king_n declaration_n or_o writ_n explain_v and_o enforce_v the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n or_o else_o interpret_n former_a act_n of_o parliament_n already_o make_v which_o be_v a_o prerogative_n often_o exercise_v by_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n in_o parliament_n which_o then_o consist_v of_o all_o or_o most_o of_o the_o judge_n and_o great_a officer_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o which_o i_o shall_v speak_v more_o at_o large_a by_z and_o by_z and_o i_o confess_v we_o be_v much_o in_o the_o dark_a because_o our_o ancient_a parliament-roll_n be_v almost_o all_o lose_v and_o consequent_o the_o statute_n therein_o contain_v so_o that_o we_o have_v almost_o nothing_o leave_v of_o they_o but_o such_o copy_n or_o remain_n as_o be_v preserve_v by_o judge_n and_o lawyer_n in_o those_o and_o succeed_v time_n whilst_o they_o be_v still_o in_o be_v and_o therefore_o i_o think_v i_o may_v at_o present_v bold_o affirm_v that_o if_o that_o which_o you_o call_v the_o statute_n of_o ireland_n be_v not_o found_v upon_o some_o former_a statute_n not_o now_o in_o be_v it_o be_v no_o act_n of_o parliament_n at_o all_o but_o only_o the_o king_n be_v write_v to_o the_o chief_a justiciar_n of_o ireland_n command_v and_o enforce_v the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n in_o the_o case_n of_o coparcener_n to_o be_v observe_v in_o ireland_n the_o like_a i_o may_v say_v to_o the_o explanation_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o gloucester_n which_o may_v be_v no_o more_o than_o the_o interpretation_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o justice_n of_o the_o sense_n of_o some_o article_n in_o that_o statute_n and_o this_o for_o its_o great_a authority_n exemplify_v under_o the_o great_a seal_n and_o so_o send_v to_o all_o the_o court_n at_o westminster_n and_o often_o to_o the_o sheriff_n of_o all_o the_o county_n in_o england_n yet_o without_o alter_v that_o statute_n in_o some_o point_n as_o you_o will_v have_v it_o the_o like_a i_o may_v say_v of_o the_o statute_n of_o acon_n burnel_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v very_o rash_o do_v to_o conclude_v that_o though_o we_o have_v not_o the_o original_a act_n and_o record_n of_o parliament_n of_o that_o time_n that_o therefore_o such_o statute_n be_v make_v by_o the_o king_n alone_o in_o his_o privy_a council_n so_o that_o i_o must_v still_o continue_v of_o the_o same_o opinion_n with_o the_o great_a selden_n in_o this_o point_n who_o in_o his_o marâ—_n clausum_fw-la tell_v we_o it_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o according_a to_o ancient_a custom_n no_o answer_n be_v give_v either_o by_o the_o king_n or_o in_o the_o king_n name_n to_o any_o parliamentary_a bill_n before_o that_o bill_n whether_o it_o be_v bring_v in_o first_o by_o the_o lord_n or_o by_o the_o commons_o have_v past_o both_o house_n as_o be_v know_v to_o all_o that_o be_v verse_v in_o parliamentary_a affair_n which_o if_o it_o have_v be_v the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o this_o kingdom_n it_o signify_v very_o little_a in_o what_o form_n the_o law_n be_v express_a whether_o in_o the_o king_n name_n only_o as_o give_v the_o last_o assent_n thereto_o or_o else_o as_o his_o concession_n to_o the_o lord_n and_o common_n petition_n as_o long_o as_o you_o grant_v that_o their_o assent_n be_v necessary_a for_o sure_a whosoever_o petition_n another_o to_o do_v a_o thing_n which_o he_o can_v impose_v upon_o he_o without_o his_o request_n must_v give_v his_o consent_n to_o the_o do_v it_o unless_o you_o can_v prove_v that_o it_o can_v be_v do_v whether_o the_o petitioner_n will_v or_o not_o and_o this_o by_o the_o way_n will_v serve_v to_o answer_v a_o objection_n which_o though_o you_o insist_v much_o upon_o it_o be_v scarce_o worth_n it_o viz._n the_o king_n answer_n to_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o petition_v of_o right_n which_o be_v indeed_o no_o grant_n or_o concession_n of_o any_o new_a right_n or_o privilege_n from_o the_o king_n to_o the_o people_n but_o only_o a_o declaration_n of_o several_a ancient_a right_n and_o liberty_n of_o the_o subject_n which_o have_v be_v very_o much_o break_v and_o infringe_v of_o late_a and_o therefore_o the_o king_n answer_n be_v very_o proper_a soit_fw-fr droict_n faict_v comme_fw-fr est_fw-fr desire_n the_o next_o mistake_v you_o fall_v into_o proceed_v from_o your_o confound_v the_o king_n be_v extraordinary_a council_n in_o parliament_n with_o the_o king_n be_v special_a or_o privy_a council_n and_o in_o a_o manner_n make_v this_o a_o four_o estate_n by_o who_o as_o well_o as_o by_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o law_n be_v often_o make_v whereas_o indeed_o neither_o the_o one_o nor_o the_o other_o be_v true_a for_o though_o i_o grant_v that_o there_o be_v often_o make_v mention_n in_o our_o ancient_a statute_n or_o record_n of_o the_o king_n council_n yet_o this_o be_v not_o to_o be_v understand_v of_o his_o privy_a council_n but_o of_o a_o special_a council_n with_o who_o our_o king_n be_v former_o sit_v during_o the_o time_n of_o parliament_n and_o before_o who_o and_o to_o who_o we_o find_v by_o divers_a record_n that_o both_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o do_v often_o petition_n as_o you_o yourself_o do_v true_o affirm_v but_o that_o this_o be_v not_o the_o king_n be_v privy_a council_n but_o another_o quite_o different_a from_o it_o and_o to_o which_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o that_o fleâ—a_n refer_v in_o his_o second_o book_n cap._n 2._o habet_fw-la enim_fw-la rex_fw-la curiam_fw-la svam_fw-la in_o concilio_n svo_fw-la in_o parliamentis_fw-la suis_fw-la praesentibus_fw-la praelatis_fw-la comit._n etc._n etc._n and_o this_o council_n consist_v of_o all_o the_o great_a officer_n of_o the_o kingdom_n viz._n the_o lord_n treasurer_n chancellor_n and_o keeper_n of_o the_o privy_a seal_n master_n of_o the_o wardrobe_n the_o judge_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n common_a plea_n baron_n of_o the_o exchequer_n justice_n itinerant_n and_o justice_n of_o assize_n with_o such_o of_o the_o dignify_v clergy_n as_o it_o please_v the_o king_n to_o call_v which_o that_o they_o be_v altogether_o distinct_a from_o the_o king_n be_v privy_a council_n appear_v plain_o by_o this_o that_o the_o late_a never_o include_v all_o the_o judge_n nor_o do_v the_o privy_a council_n ever_o exercise_v any_o judicial_a authority_n in_o parliament_n as_o this_o council_n do_v in_o those_o day_n but_o that_o this_o council_n consist_v of_o the_o party_n above_o mention_v see_v the_o statute_n of_o escheator_n make_v 29_o edw._n i._o dorso_n and_o in_o the_o placita_fw-la parliamentaria_fw-la of_o that_o year_n the_o statute_n run_v thus_o per_fw-la consilium_fw-la regis_fw-la concordatum_fw-la est_fw-la coram_fw-la domino_fw-la rege_fw-la ipso_fw-la consentiente_fw-la etc._n etc._n but_o in_o the_o close_a roll_n of_o this_o year_n it_o be_v clear_o explain_v who_o be_v of_o this_o council_n their_o name_n be_v there_o particular_o recite_v viz._n all_o the_o great_a officer_n abovementioned_a together_o with_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o king_n court_n and_o justice_n itinerant_a etc._n etc._n which_o be_v likewise_o explain_v by_o the_o parliament_n roll_v 9_o edw._n 2._o rex_fw-la voluit_fw-la quod_fw-la dominus_fw-la cancellarius_fw-la thesaurarius_fw-la barones_n soaccarii_fw-la justiâ—iarii_fw-la &_o alii_fw-la de_fw-la consilio_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la londin_n 9_o existente_fw-la convenirent_fw-la i_o can_v give_v you_o many_o more_o example_n of_o this_o kind_n but_o i_o shall_v give_v you_o but_o two_o more_o to_o prove_v that_o this_o council_n in_o parliament_n can_v not_o be_v the_o king_n be_v ordinary_a privy_a council_n 97._o the_o first_o be_v in_o placit_fw-la parliament_n 2_o edw._n 3._o in_o a_o cause_n betwixt_o thomas_n fitz-peter_n and_o alienora_n wife_n of_o john_n de_fw-fr mowbray_n coram_fw-la rege_fw-la the_o record_n be_v long_o but_o conclude_v thus_o to_o the_o justice_n et_fw-la si_fw-la difficultas_fw-la aliqua_fw-la subfuerit_fw-la quare_fw-la praemissa_fw-la facere_fw-la non_fw-la possâ—tis_fw-la tunâ—_n placitum_fw-la illâ—â—d_fw-la usque_fw-la in_o prox._n parliamentum_fw-la nostrum_fw-la udjornetis_fw-gr ut_fw-la ibidem_fw-la â—unc_fw-la inde_fw-la fieri_fw-la valeat_fw-la quod_fw-la de_fw-la consilio_fw-la nostro_fw-la fuerit_fw-la faciendum_fw-la by_o which_o we_o may_v very_o
well_o gather_v that_o this_o be_v none_o of_o the_o king_n be_v ordinary_a or_o privy_a council_n or_o else_o to_o what_o purpose_n be_v this_o cause_n adjourn_v to_o the_o meeting_n of_o the_o next_o parliament_n since_o if_o it_o have_v be_v to_o be_v determine_v by_o the_o privy_a council_n it_o may_v have_v be_v do_v forthwith_o i_o shall_v give_v you_o but_o one_o instance_n more_o out_o of_o the_o close_a roll_n of_o the_o 41_o of_o this_o king_n 12.13_o wherein_o a_o cause_n between_o elizabeth_n wife_n of_o nicholas_n d'audley_n and_o james_n d'audley_n in_o a_o controversy_n between_o they_o touch_v certain_a land_n contain_v in_o in_o the_o covenant_n of_o her_o marriage_n be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v adjudge_v devant_fw-fr son_n conseil_n c'est_fw-fr a_fw-fr scavoir_fw-fr chanceller_n thresorier_n justice_n &_o aâ—ires_n sage_n assemblez_fw-fr en_fw-fr la_fw-fr chambre_fw-fr des_fw-fr etoile_n i_o e._n before_o his_o council_n viz._n the_o chancellor_n treasurer_n justice_n and_o other_o wise_a man_n assemble_v in_o the_o star-chamber_n so_o that_o when_o any_o thing_n in_o our_o old_a statute_n be_v say_v to_o be_v ordain_v by_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n it_o be_v always_o to_o be_v understand_v not_o as_o if_o this_o council_n be_v a_o four_o estate_n who_o assent_n or_o advice_n be_v as_o necessary_a to_o the_o make_n of_o law_n as_o that_o of_o the_o lordi_n spiritual_a temporal_a and_o commons_o for_o than_o they_o will_v have_v have_v the_o same_o power_n still_o but_o only_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o those_o time_n when_o most_o act_n of_o parliament_n be_v draw_v by_o they_o and_o that_o the_o king_n past_o none_o without_o their_o advice_n it_o be_v then_o say_v to_o be_v do_v by_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n viz._n in_o parliament_n and_o i_o conceive_v the_o power_n of_o this_o council_n continue_v till_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n the_o seven_o when_o this_o court_n be_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n annex_v to_o that_o of_o the_o star-chamber_n where_o also_o this_o council_n of_o the_o king_n use_v to_o meet_v before_o as_o appear_v by_o the_o case_n i_o have_v last_o cite_v and_o have_v afterward_o only_o to_o do_v with_o criminal_a cause_n and_o that_o as_o well_o out_o of_o as_o in_o parliament_n and_o that_o king_n hen._n 7_o the_o not_o care_v to_o exercise_v his_o judicial_a power_n in_o private_a cause_n as_o his_o predecessor_n have_v do_v or_o to_o make_v use_n of_o their_o advice_n either_o in_o the_o draw_n or_o pass_v of_o bill_n which_o now_o begin_v to_o be_v draw_v by_o committee_n in_o either_o house_n wherein_o those_o bill_n be_v prefer_v this_o council_n come_v by_o degree_n to_o grow_v quite_o out_o of_o use_n as_o it_o be_v at_o this_o day_n i_o hope_v you_o will_v pardon_v this_o long_a digression_n which_o i_o have_v be_v draw_v into_o to_o rectify_v a_o common_a mistake_n of_o the_o gentleman_n of_o your_o opinion_n who_o when_o they_o find_v any_o thing_n in_o our_o ancient_a statute_n or_o record_n wherein_o the_o king_n council_n be_v mention_v present_o entertain_v strange_a fancy_n of_o the_o antiquity_n and_o authority_n of_o the_o privy_a council_n m._n i_o be_o so_o far_o from_o think_v this_o discourse_n you_o have_v now_o make_v to_o be_v at_o all_o tedious_a that_o i_o give_v you_o many_o thanks_o for_o it_o since_o it_o give_v i_o a_o light_n into_o many_o thing_n which_o i_o confess_v i_o do_v not_o know_v before_o and_o i_o shall_v better_o consider_v the_o authority_n you_o have_v now_o give_v i_o and_o if_o i_o find_v they_o will_v hold_v shall_v come_v over_o to_o your_o opinion_n in_o that_o point_n though_o i_o be_o not_o as_o yet_o satisfy_v as_o to_o the_o legistative_a power_n of_o the_o two_o house_n and_o therefore_o pray_v proceed_v to_o answer_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o precedent_n i_o have_v bring_v on_o that_o subject_a f._n i_o shall_v ready_o comply_v with_o your_o command_n and_o therefore_o to_o come_v to_o those_o statute_n of_o the_o 15_o the_o and_o 20_o the_o of_o edw._n 3._o which_o you_o suppose_v to_o have_v be_v repeal_v by_o that_o king_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o commonâ—_n i_o grant_v indeed_o that_o the_o statute_n you_o mention_n be_v intend_v to_o be_v repeal_v by_o the_o king_n without_o assent_n of_o parliament_n yet_o be_v this_o not_o do_v by_o himself_o and_o his_o council_n alone_o as_o you_o suppose_v but_o by_o a_o council_n of_o earl_n baron_n and_o commons_o which_o the_o king_n of_o england_n in_o those_o day_n be_v wont_a to_o call_v upon_o emergent_a occasion_n and_o for_o the_o do_v of_o that_o which_o they_o think_v parliament_n can_v not_o so_o speedy_o perform_v as_o in_o this_o pretend_a repeal_n of_o the_o statute_n you_o mention_v and_o though_o i_o grant_v this_o be_v a_o great_a brâ—â—ch_n upon_o the_o fundamental_a constitution_n of_o the_o kingdom_n yet_o that_o it_o be_v do_v in_o such_o a_o great_a council_n as_o i_o have_v now_o mention_v i_o refer_v you_o to_o this_o pretend_a statute_n its_o self_n and_o to_o your_o recital_n of_o it_o and_o that_o the_o king_n often_o call_v such_o great_a council_n appear_v by_o a_o agreement_n of_o exchange_n make_v for_o the_o castle_n of_o berwick_n between_o king_n hen._n iu._n in_o the_o five_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n and_o the_o earl_n of_o northumberland_n where_o the_o king_n promise_v to_o deliver_v to_o the_o earl_n land_n and_o tenement_n to_o the_o value_n of_o the_o castle_n by_o these_o word_n which_o i_o shall_v render_v out_o of_o french_a from_o the_o original_a which_o remain_v in_o the_o tower_n by_o the_o advice_n and_o assent_n of_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o of_o his_o parliament_n so_o that_o the_o parliament_n happen_v before_o the_o feast_n of_o st._n lucy_n otherwise_o by_o the_o assent_n of_o his_o great_a council_n and_o other_o estate_n of_o his_o say_a realm_n which_o the_o king_n will_v cause_v to_o be_v assemble_v before_o the_o say_a feast_n in_o case_n the_o parliament_n do_v not_o happen_v etc._n etc._n and_o yet_o notwithstanding_o this_o high_a strain_n of_o prerogative_n king_n edw._n iii_o himself_n be_v not_o satisfy_v with_o this_o repeal_n of_o those_o statute_n you_o have_v mention_v but_o in_o the_o next_o parliament_n hold_v in_o his_o 17_o the_o year_n he_o procure_v a_o formal_a and_o legal_a repeal_n of_o they_o as_o by_o the_o parliament_n roll_v of_o that_o year_n 23._o remain_v in_o the_o tower_n do_v plain_o appear_v and_o which_o i_o can_v give_v you_o at_o large_a do_v i_o not_o fear_v to_o be_v too_o tedious_a but_o i_o think_v it_o fit_a to_o let_v you_o know_v this_o because_o most_o ordinary_a reader_n see_v no_o more_o appear_v in_o print_n in_o our_o statute_n book_n be_v apt_a to_o imagine_v that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n in_o those_o day_n do_v often_o take_v upon_o they_o without_o authority_n of_o parliament_n to_o make_v and_o repeal_v law_n but_o as_o for_o your_o next_o instance_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o edw._n iii_o it_o be_v much_o weak_a since_o though_o i_o confess_v that_o in_o the_o preface_n to_o these_o act_n there_o be_v only_a mention_n of_o the_o great_a man_n or_o grantz_n as_o it_o be_v in_o our_o old_a french_a and_o other_o wise_a man_n of_o our_o council_n yet_o i_o shall_v prove_v at_o another_o time_n that_o under_o this_o word_n grantz_n be_v mean_v the_o lord_n in_o parliament_n as_o by_o the_o wise_a man_n of_o our_o council_n be_v understand_v the_o commons_o and_o therefore_o it_o seem_v most_o reasonable_a to_o interpret_v the_o sense_n of_o many_o ancient_a statute_n wherein_o the_o king_n alone_o be_v say_v to_o make_v and_o ordain_v law_n by_o those_o late_a or_o more_o modern_a one_o wherein_o the_o king_n by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o or_o by_o authority_n of_o parliament_n be_v say_v to_o have_v ordain_v they_o since_o the_o true_a style_n and_o mean_v of_o ancient_a law_n which_o be_v pen_v with_o the_o great_a brevity_n aught_o to_o be_v still_o interpret_v by_o the_o modern_a one_o and_o not_o the_o modern_a one_o by_o the_o ancient_n so_o that_o i_o be_o of_o the_o learned_a mr._n lambardâ—_n opinion_n who_o in_o his_o arcbâ—ion_n or_o discourse_n upon_o the_o high_a court_n of_o justice_n in_o england_n express_o tell_v we_o that_o whether_o the_o law_n be_v say_v to_o be_v make_v by_o the_o king_n 1635._o and_o his_o wise_a man_n or_o by_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n or_o his_o common_a council_n or_o by_o the_o king_n his_o earl_n baron_n and_o other_o wise_a man_n or_o after_o such_o other_o like_o phrase_n whereof_o you_o meet_v with_o many_o in_o the_o volume_n of_o parliament_n it_o come_v all_o to_o this_o one_o
point_n namely_o that_o the_o king_n his_o nobility_n and_o commons_o do_v ordain_v and_o enact_v the_o same_o and_o which_o be_v more_o if_o you_o shall_v find_v any_o act_n of_o parliament_n seem_v to_o pass_n under_o the_o name_n and_o authority_n of_o the_o king_n only_o as_o there_o be_v some_o that_o have_v that_o show_v indeed_o yet_o you_o must_v not_o by_o and_o by_o judge_n that_o it_o be_v establish_v without_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o other_o estate_n as_o for_o the_o rest_n of_o your_o insinuation_n rather_o than_o argument_n against_o the_o antiquity_n of_o those_o expression_n be_v it_o enact_v by_o authority_n of_o parliament_n or_o be_v it_o enact_v by_o the_o king_n lord_n and_o commons_o which_o bear_v so_o hard_o upon_o you_o to_o prove_v that_o these_o last_o have_v a_o share_n in_o the_o legislative_a that_o they_o be_v introduce_v in_o the_o reign_v of_o henry_n vi_o and_o vii_o two_o usurper_n and_o but_o in_o the_o nonage_n of_o the_o former_a i_o think_v i_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o show_v you_o that_o you_o be_v very_o much_o out_o in_o your_o account_n for_o i_o will_v show_v you_o much_o ancient_a authority_n wherein_o the_o same_o word_n or_o other_o equivalent_a have_v be_v use_v in_o our_o ancient_a statute_n and_o first_o pray_v call_v to_o mind_v the_o statute_n of_o measure_n already_o recite_v where_o it_o be_v say_v that_o by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o whole_a realm_n of_o england_n the_o measure_n of_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n be_v thus_o make_v etc._n etc._n which_o certain_o must_v mean_v the_o assent_n of_o all_o the_o estate_n assemble_v in_o parliament_n and_o my_o lord_n coâ—e_n tell_v we_o in_o his_o three_o institutes_n of_o a_o ancient_a record_n that_o he_o have_v see_v of_o the_o 7_o the_o of_o this_o king_n 27._o wherein_o it_o be_v enact_v by_o the_o king_n the_o lord_n spiritual_a temporal_a and_o commons_o but_o since_o i_o have_v give_v you_o precedent_n enough_o of_o statute_n which_o be_v say_v to_o be_v make_v or_o ordain_v by_o the_o king_n with_o the_o assent_n of_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a and_o commons_o i_o will_v show_v you_o one_o where_o the_o king_n be_v not_o at_o all_o mention_v and_o that_o be_v in_o rastal_n statute_n 4_o hen._n 4_o cap._n 24._o concern_v aulnage_n of_o clothes_n wherein_o it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v ordain_v and_o accord_v by_o the_o say_a parliament_n without_o any_o mention_n at_o all_o of_o the_o king_n and_o to_o let_v you_o see_v that_o these_o fatal_a word_n you_o except_o against_o be_v in_o use_n before_o the_o reign_n of_o hen._n 6._o pray_v see_v 9_o hen._n 5._o cap._n 4._o concern_v the_o misprision_n of_o clerk_n in_o writing_n which_o run_v thus_o the_o king_n have_v now_o declare_v and_o ordain_v by_o authority_n of_o this_o present_a parliament_n that_o the_o justice_n etc._n etc._n which_o must_v certain_o refer_v to_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o unless_o you_o can_v make_v the_o king_n alone_o to_o carry_v the_o whole_a parliament_n in_o his_o own_o person_n but_o whereas_o that_o phrase_n have_v begin_v from_o usurpation_n it_o will_v have_v be_v first_o find_v in_o the_o statute_n of_o henry_n the_o 4_o the_o but_o to_o let_v you_o see_v that_o edward_n the_o 4_o the_o though_o no_o usurper_n yet_o do_v not_o think_v that_o these_o word_n do_v abate_v any_o thing_n of_o his_o royal_a prerogative_n pray_v see_v in_o the_o 4_o the_o of_o that_o king_n cap._n 1._o wherein_o it_o be_v recite_v that_o the_o king_n by_o the_o advice_n assenâ—_n request_n and_o authority_n of_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a and_o commons_o in_o parliament_n assemble_v have_v ordain_v and_o establish_v but_o that_o by_o assent_n of_o parliament_n and_o by_o authority_n of_o parliament_n be_v all_o one_o and_o the_o same_o since_o the_o assent_n of_o parliament_n make_v its_o authority_n pray_v see_v the_o express_a judgement_n in_o this_o point_n of_o the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n crew_n 104._o and_o justice_n doderidge_n give_v in_o the_o great_a case_n of_o the_o earldom_n of_o oxford_n report_v in_o judge_n iokes_n report_n to_o conclude_v though_o i_o do_v not_o deny_v his_o majesty_n negative_a vote_n to_o all_o act_n of_o parliament_n yet_o this_o prerogative_n can_v be_v conclude_v only_o from_o his_o give_v his_o last_o assent_n to_o a_o law_n for_o when_o a_o bill_n begin_v from_o himself_o the_o two_o house_n have_v likewise_o a_o negative_a upon_o he_o which_o be_v evident_a in_o a_o act_n of_o pardon_n which_o proceed_v from_o the_o king_n first_o and_o send_v down_o to_o the_o parliament_n this_o neither_o the_o lord_n nor_o commons_o can_v add_v or_o alter_v one_o tittle_n to_o yet_o may_v they_o notwithstanding_o his_o prior_n asent_n refuse_v the_o whole_a bill_n if_o they_o please_v though_o already_o past_a under_o the_o great_a seal_n and_o though_o i_o likewise_o grant_v that_o it_o be_v the_o le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr le_fw-fr veult_n that_o by_o yield_v the_o high_a and_o last_o assent_n give_v the_o enact_v force_n to_o the_o law_n and_o thus_o the_o king_n may_v in_o a_o logical_a sense_n be_v say_v thereby_o to_o make_v the_o law_n according_a to_o that_o know_a maxim_n quod_fw-la that_fw-mi formam_fw-la that_fw-mi esse_fw-la â—ei_fw-la yet_o this_o do_v not_o hinder_v but_o in_o a_o legal_a sense_n according_a to_o the_o express_a declaration_n of_o our_o old_a lawyer_n and_o act_n of_o parliament_n the_o law_n owe_v their_o obligation_n to_o the_o joint_a consent_n of_o king_n and_o parliament_n and_o his_o give_v his_o last_o assent_n or_o form_n to_o the_o law_n no_o more_o prove_v his_o sole_a legislative_a power_n than_o it_o will_v do_v that_o of_o the_o lord_n or_o commons_o if_o either_o of_o they_o by_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o government_n be_v to_o give_v their_o asent_n last_o thereunto_o so_o that_o i_o think_v upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n no_o man_n can_v reasonable_o deny_v but_o that_o legal_o the_o two_o house_n of_o parliament_n have_v also_o their_o share_n not_o only_o in_o frame_v but_o enact_v of_o all_o bill_n that_o shall_v pass_v for_o otherwise_o they_o will_v signify_v no_o more_o than_o the_o committee_n of_o estate_n in_o scotland_n or_o the_o king_n and_o council_n of_o england_n in_o relation_n to_o ireland_n the_o former_a of_o which_o draw_v up_o all_o bill_n that_o be_v to_o pass_v in_o the_o parliament_n of_o that_o kingdom_n and_o the_o latter_a must_v approve_v or_o reject_v all_o bill_n that_o shall_v pass_v in_o the_o parliament_n of_o ireland_n whereas_o the_o authority_n of_o our_o parliament_n consist_v in_o their_o consent_n to_o and_o enact_v together_o with_o the_o king_n all_o statute_n whatsoever_o and_o this_o distinction_n i_o think_v may_v very_o well_o reconcile_v bracton_n with_o fortescue_n the_o former_a of_o which_o say_v quod_fw-la leges_fw-la ligant_fw-la suum_fw-la lâ—torem_fw-la mean_v the_o king_n and_o the_o latter_a in_o the_o place_n i_o have_v already_o cite_v affirm_v that_o the_o people_n be_v govern_v by_o those_o law_n quas_fw-la ipse_fw-la feâ—t_fw-la which_o they_o themselves_o make_v and_o this_o i_o think_v be_v to_o ascribe_v to_o the_o king_n as_o much_o power_n as_o be_v requisite_a to_o a_o civil_a sovereign_n and_o yet_o to_o leave_v a_o sufficient_a share_n to_o the_o people_n to_o secure_v themselves_o from_o tyranny_n m._n i_o must_v beg_v your_o pardon_n if_o i_o can_v be_v satisfy_v with_o your_o division_n of_o the_o legislative_a power_n beiween_v the_o king_n and_o the_o two_o house_n of_o parliament_n since_o it_o be_v against_o the_o sense_n of_o our_o old_a lawyer_n glanville_n and_o bracton_n who_o as_o you_o yourself_o confess_v make_v the_o king_n the_o sole_a legislator_n and_o though_o i_o confess_v fortescue_n give_v the_o people_n a_o share_n in_o it_o yet_o he_o be_v but_o a_o modern_a author_n in_o comparison_n of_o the_o other_o two_o and_o write_v to_o support_v the_o usurp_v title_n of_o henry_n the_o six_o so_o that_o i_o can_v comprehend_v how_o the_o two_o house_n can_v have_v any_o share_n proper_o speak_v in_o the_o legislative_a power_n without_o fall_v into_o that_o old_a error_n of_o make_v the_o king_n one_o of_o the_o three_o estate_n and_o so_o coordinate_a with_o the_o other_o two_o whereas_o if_o the_o king_n be_v a_o monarch_n that_o signify_v in_o greek_a the_o government_n of_o one_o person_n whereas_o by_o give_v the_o two_o house_n a_o part_n in_o the_o legislative_a you_o divide_v it_o into_o three_o several_a share_n whereas_o there_o be_v so_o close_a a_o conjunction_n between_o all_o the_o part_n of_o sovereign_a power_n that_o the_o one_o can_v be_v separate_v from_o the_o other_o but_o it_o will_v destroy_v the_o form_n of_o the_o government_n and_o only_o set_v up_o a_o irregular_a commonwealth_n in_o its_o place_n
citizen_n of_o london_n be_v the_o assensu_fw-la praelatorum_fw-la comitum_fw-la &_o totius_fw-la communitatis_fw-la regni_fw-la pardon_v all_o homicide_n 29._o the_o very_a like_o word_n be_v also_o use_v in_o the_o same_o roll_n in_o the_o act_n of_o pardon_n grant_v to_o the_o city_n of_o london_n i_o shall_v trouble_v you_o but_o with_o one_o more_o in_o this_o king_n reign_n but_o it_o be_v so_o remarkable_a i_o can_v omit_v it_o of_o the_o 34_o the_o of_o this_o king_n and_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o old_a edition_n of_o statute_n print_v in_o french_a the_o title_n begin_v thus_o ceux_fw-fr sont_fw-fr les_fw-fr choses_fw-fr queux_fw-fr nostre_fw-fr seigneur_fw-fr le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr prelate_n signior_n &_o la_fw-fr commune_fw-la ount_n ordain_v &_o establéâ—s_v to_o conclude_v with_o the_o reign_n of_o richard_n the_o second_o the_o like_a expression_n be_v find_v in_o the_o parliament_n roll_v of_o 5_o the_o of_o richard_n the_o second_o where_o the_o statute_n begin_v thus_o 21._o pur_fw-mi commune_fw-la prosit_fw-la du_fw-fr royalme_n d'_fw-fr d'angleterre_fw-fr cient_a faiâ—es_fw-fr per_fw-la nostre_fw-fr seigneur_fw-fr le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr prelate_n signior_n &_o la_fw-fr commune_fw-la de_fw-fr le_fw-fr royalme_a esteante_n en_fw-fr cest_fw-fr parliament_n from_o the_o title_n to_o which_o two_o last_a statute_n i_o pray_v observe_v that_o the_o word_n le_fw-fr commune_fw-la be_v not_o only_o use_v for_o the_o commons_o in_o the_o same_o sense_n as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o fâ—rmer_a king_n reign_v but_o also_o that_o these_o statute_n be_v make_v by_o the_o joint_n assent_v of_o the_o king_n lord_n and_o commons_o so_o likewise_o in_o the_o same_o roll_n be_v recite_v concordiae_fw-la sive_fw-la ordinationes_fw-la factae_fw-la de_fw-la communi_fw-la assâ—â—su_fw-la regis_fw-la procerum_fw-la &_o magnatum_fw-la &_o communitatis_fw-la regni_fw-la angliae_fw-la which_o i_o give_v you_o to_o show_v that_o the_o word_n communitas_fw-la &_o le_fw-fr commune_fw-la always_o signify_v the_o same_o thing_n in_o our_o statute_n and_o record_n viz._n the_o commons_o as_o now_o understand_v different_a from_o your_o great_a lord_n and_o tenant_n and_o if_o they_o be_v to_o be_v take_v in_o this_o sense_n after_o the_o 18_o the_o of_o edward_n the_o first_o i_o will_v be_v glad_a if_o you_o can_v show_v i_o any_o sufficient_a reason_n why_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v so_o understand_v aâ—_n along_o before_o that_o time_n as_o well_o as_o in_o the_o 49_o the_o of_o henry_n the_o three_o only_a m._n though_o i_o grant_v that_o these_o word_n you_o mention_v be_v to_o be_v understand_v for_o the_o commons_o as_o now_o take_v in_o many_o record_n and_o act_n of_o parliament_n after_o the_o 18_o the_o of_o edward_n the_o first_o and_o therefore_o you_o need_v not_o to_o have_v take_v the_o paâ—ns_n to_o have_v go_v beyond_o that_o time_n yet_o notwithstanding_o i_o think_v i_o can_v prove_v to_o you_o by_o very_o good_a authority_n that_o the_o word_n communitas_fw-la which_o i_o grant_v be_v the_o same_o thing_n with_o le_fw-fr commune_fw-la in_o french_a though_o put_v after_o the_o word_n comites_fw-la &_o barones_n do_v not_o signify_v the_o commons_o of_o england_n in_o general_a but_o the_o community_n of_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la alone_o or_o at_o least_o the_o community_n of_o all_o tenant_n by_o military_a service_n and_o that_o as_o low_o as_o the_o reign_n of_o edward_n the_o three_o but_o for_o proof_n of_o thiâ—_n i_o pray_v peruâ—e_v this_o writ_n which_o the_o doctor_n have_v give_v we_o in_o his_o answer_n to_o mr._n p._n rex_fw-la archiepiscopis_fw-la episcopis_fw-la 1._o abbatibus_fw-la priotibus_fw-la comitibus_fw-la baronibus_fw-la militibus_fw-la &_o omnibus_fw-la aliâ—s_fw-la de_fw-la comitatu_fw-la cantiae_fw-la salutem_fw-la sciatis_fw-la quâ—d_fw-la cum_fw-la pâ—â—mo_fw-la die_v junii_fw-la anno_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la decimo_fw-la octavo_fw-la praelati_fw-la comites_fw-la barones_n &_o caeteri_fw-la magnâ—tes_fw-la de_fw-la regno_fw-la nostro_fw-la concorditer_fw-la pâ—o_fw-la se_fw-la &_o pro_fw-la tota_fw-la communitate_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la regni_fw-la in_o pleno_fw-la parliamento_fw-la nostro_fw-la nobis_fw-la concesse_n unt_fw-la quadraginta_fw-la solidos_fw-la de_fw-la singulis_fw-la feodis_fw-la militum_fw-la in_o dicto_fw-la regno_fw-la in_o auxilium_fw-la ad_fw-la primogenitam_fw-la filiam_fw-la nostram_fw-la mariâ—andam_fw-la etc._n etc._n cujus_fw-la quidem_fw-la auxilii_fw-la levationi_fw-la faciendae_fw-la pro_fw-la dictae_fw-la communitatis_fw-la aisimento_fw-la hucusque_fw-la supersedimus_fw-la gratioâ—è_fw-la etc._n etc._n by_o this_o record_n it_o be_v clear_a that_o such_o as_o pâ—id_v scutage_n that_o be_v forty_o shilling_n for_o a_o knight_n fee_n be_v then_o the_o tota_fw-la regni_fw-la communitas_fw-la and_o no_o other_o and_o of_o these_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la grant_v and_o pay_v it_o first_o for_o themselves_o and_o tenant_n and_o then_o their_o tenant_n in_o military_a service_n by_o virtue_n of_o the_o king_n precept_n pay_v it_o to_o they_o again_o for_o so_o many_o fee_n as_o they_o hold_v of_o they_o so_o that_o this_o tax_n be_v raise_v whole_o upon_o knight_n fee_n must_v be_v grant_v only_o by_o those_o that_o hold_v by_o knight_n service_n but_o further_a that_o the_o communalte_n de_fw-fr royaume_n the_o community_n of_o the_o kingdom_n as_o represent_v by_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la do_v still_o so_o continue_v as_o above_o mention_v till_o almost_o the_o middle_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o reign_n be_v as_o clear_o prove_v by_o this_o record_n of_o that_o king_n rex_fw-la dilectis_fw-la &_o fidelibus_fw-la â—uis_fw-la vicecomiti_fw-la wygorniae_fw-la â—homae_fw-la bâ—ttâ—ler_fw-fr de_fw-fr upton_n supeâ—â—abrinam_fw-la 37._o militi_fw-la &_o thomae_fw-la cassy_n de_fw-fr wych_n salutem_fw-la â—â—â—atis_fw-la quod_fw-la cum_fw-la in_o pleno_fw-la parliamento_fw-la nostro_fw-la apud_fw-la westmonasterium_fw-la ad_fw-la diem_fw-la lunae_fw-la proximo_fw-la post_fw-la vestum_fw-la nativitatis_fw-la beatae_fw-la mariae_fw-la virgin_n proximo_fw-la praeteritum_fw-la tento_fw-la praelati_fw-la comites_fw-la barones_n &_o magnates_n de_fw-fr regno_fw-la nostro_fw-la angliae_fw-la etc._n etc._n pâ—o_fw-la se_fw-la &_o to_o a_o communita_fw-la e_fw-la ejaâ—dem_fw-la regni_fw-la nobis_fw-la concesseâ—unt_fw-la quadraginta_fw-la solidos_fw-la de_fw-la singulâ—s_fw-la â—eodiâ—_n militum_fw-la in_o diâ—â—â—_n regno_fw-la angliae_fw-la etc._n etc._n so_o that_o the_o whole_a community_n of_o england_n in_o this_o record_n be_v military_a man_n such_o as_o hold_v knight_n fee_n or_o part_n of_o knight_n fee_n and_o such_o as_o pay_v scutage_n and_o they_o be_v neither_o the_o ordinary_a freeman_n or_o freeholders_n nor_o the_o multitude_n nor_o rabble_n f._n i_o pray_v sir_n give_v i_o leave_v to_o answer_v your_o argument_n from_o these_o record_n as_o you_o â—ut_v they_o lest_o i_o forget_v what_o you_o have_v say_v in_o the_o first_o place_n as_o to_o this_o record_n of_o the_o 30_o of_o edw._n i._n which_o relate_v to_o a_o tax_n give_v in_o the_o 18_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n and_o recite_v a_o aid_n of_o 40_o s._n upon_o every_o knight_n fee_n through_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n to_o have_v be_v give_v by_o the_o bishop_n earl_n baron_n and_o other_o magnates_n or_o great_a man_n of_o the_o kingdom_n in_o full_a parliament_n for_o themselves_o and_o the_o whole_a community_n thereof_o to_o marry_v the_o king_n daughter_n and_o which_o subsidy_n he_o have_v defer_v to_o levy_v till_o now_o and_o therefore_o because_o this_o be_v a_o tax_n grant_v only_o upon_o knight_n fee_n that_o those_o only_o who_o pay_v this_o scutage_n be_v then_o the_o communitas_fw-la or_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o be_v no_o argument_n at_o all_o since_o from_o this_o we_o may_v plain_o collect_v the_o clean_a contrary_n for_o if_o none_o have_v be_v to_o pay_v to_o this_o tax_n but_o those_o that_o hold_v by_o knight_n service_n in_o capite_fw-la than_o the_o king_n will_v have_v have_v no_o need_n to_o have_v have_v it_o grant_v in_o parliament_n since_o by_o the_o 14_o article_n of_o king_n john_n charter_n he_o may_v have_v tax_v his_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la for_o the_o knight_n of_o his_o elder_a son_n and_o the_o marriage_n of_o his_o elder_a daughter_n without_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o according_a to_o your_o hypothesis_n and_o the_o authority_n you_o have_v bring_v to_o prove_v it_o these_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la may_v also_o by_o the_o like_a reason_n have_v make_v their_o tenant_n by_o knight_n service_n have_v contribute_v to_o this_o tax_n which_o yet_o you_o see_v they_o can_v not_o do_v without_o the_o consent_n of_o parliament_n and_o therefore_o this_o aid_n or_o subsidy_n be_v grant_v in_o parliament_n must_v needs_o extend_v to_o all_o the_o land_n in_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n as_o well_o those_o that_o hold_v by_o knight_n service_n as_o well_o as_o those_o that_o do_v not_o for_o it_o be_v not_o here_o say_v as_o in_o the_o writ_n to_o the_o sheriff_n of_o sussex_n qui_fw-fr de_fw-fr nobis_fw-la tenent_n in_fw-la capite_fw-la and_o then_o the_o word_n pro_fw-la se_fw-la &_o â—ota_fw-la
that_o that_o dr._n have_v with_o so_o much_o artifice_v put_v upon_o they_o still_o use_v they_o like_o charm_n to_o bewitch_v and_o impose_v upon_o his_o unwary_a reader_n especial_o since_o a_o right_a notion_n of_o these_o word_n be_v absolute_o necessary_a for_o the_o right_a understanding_n the_o true_a sense_n and_o meaning_n of_o our_o ancient_a english_a historian_n 〈…〉_z after_o all_o this_o pother_n the_o dr._n make_v about_o the_o signification_n of_o those_o word_n populus_fw-la plebs_fw-la &_o vulgus_fw-la as_o synonimous_a as_o he_o grant_v they_o to_o be_v they_o must_v all_o signify_v the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o people_n as_o well_o the_o commons_o as_o the_o lord_n represent_v in_o parliament_n by_o his_o own_o confession_n or_o else_o i_o leave_v it_o to_o yourself_o to_o consider_v who_o of_o the_o two_o be_v guilty_a of_o level_v notion_n your_o dr._n or_o mr._n p._n since_o one_o do_v but_o allert_fw-la with_o the_o general_a consent_n of_o ancient_n and_o modern_a writer_n that_o the_o word_n barones_n and_o baronagium_n angliae_fw-la do_v ancient_o take_v in_o more_o than_o the_o lord_n and_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la and_o the_o dr._n straight_o call_v he_o a_o man_n of_o level_a principle_n and_o that_o jamble_v the_o commons_o together_o with_o the_o lord_n whereas_o your_o dr._n can_v when_o he_o please_v make_v the_o word_n plebs_fw-la and_o vulgus_fw-la too_o to_o signify_v the_o great_a lord_n and_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la contrary_a to_o the_o subject_a matter_n on_o which_o he_o discourse_v and_o to_o their_o genuine_a signification_n either_o in_o ancient_n or_o modern_a latin_a m._n i_o must_v confess_v you_o have_v now_o tell_v i_o more_o than_o i_o ever_o yet_o hear_v or_o read_v of_o or_o indeed_o think_v can_v have_v be_v urge_v for_o the_o inferior_a clergy_n have_v be_v once_o a_o part_n of_o the_o civil_a as_o well_o as_o ecclesiastical_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o i_o will_v consider_v far_o of_o it_o but_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n let_v i_o tell_v you_o you_o have_v not_o be_v yet_o so_o clear_a in_o your_o explanation_n of_o the_o other_o opposite_a word_n populus_fw-la for_o admit_v i_o shall_v grant_v you_o that_o there_o be_v in_o some_o sort_n commons_o in_o parliament_n as_o represent_v by_o the_o lesser_a tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la who_o be_v not_o lord_n yet_o do_v it_o not_o therefore_o follow_v that_o there_o must_v have_v be_v another_o rank_n or_o order_n of_o person_n beneath_o or_o different_a from_o they_o since_o as_o i_o say_v it_o be_v but_o how_o it_o be_v only_a the_o custom_n and_o law_n of_o each_o country_n that_o can_v determine_v what_o be_v the_o community_n or_o representative_a body_n of_o the_o people_n so_o that_o there_o be_v no_o such_o certain_a analogy_n between_o the_o clerus_fw-la when_o take_v for_o the_o inferior_a clergy_n and_o the_o populus_fw-la when_o take_v for_o the_o lesser_a nobility_n or_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la since_o in_o scotland_n though_o their_o great_a council_n or_o parliament_n may_v consist_v of_o the_o abbot_n and_o inferior_a clergy_n as_o with_o we_o who_o do_v not_o hold_v in_o capite_fw-la yet_o you_o can_v deny_v but_o that_o the_o temporal_a estate_n or_o laity_n at_o least_o of_o late_a age_n whole_o consist_v of_o the_o earl_n baron_n laird_n or_o small_a baron_n together_o with_o the_o burgess_n of_o royal_a borought_n all_o which_o hold_v in_o capite_fw-la and_o for_o aught_o as_o i_o can_v see_v from_o any_o clear_a proof_n you_o have_v bring_v to_o the_o contrary_n do_v so_o from_o time_n beyond_o all_o memory_n and_o so_o it_o may_v have_v be_v in_o england_n too_o for_o aught_o as_o i_o know_v for_o though_o you_o have_v take_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o pain_n to_o answer_v the_o dr_n and_o my_o argument_n against_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la be_v the_o representatives_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n in_o parliament_n before_o the_o 49th_o of_o henry_n the_o three_o and_o 18_o of_o edward_n the_o first_o and_o also_o to_o prove_v that_o the_o word_n make_v use_v of_o in_o our_o ancient_a historian_n record_n and_o act_n of_o parliament_n be_v of_o a_o more_o comprehensive_a signification_n than_o to_o be_v confine_v to_o they_o alone_o but_o you_o have_v not_o as_o yet_o prove_v that_o these_o gentleman_n who_o you_o suppose_v to_o have_v have_v place_n in_o our_o great_a council_n beside_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la be_v knight_n citizens_z and_o burgess_n or_o whether_o all_o the_o lord_n of_o manor_n or_o great_a freeholder_n in_o england_n appear_v there_o in_o person_n for_o themselves_o and_o their_o under_a tenant_n therefore_o i_o pray_v be_v a_o little_a more_o clear_a in_o this_o point_n and_o show_v i_o some_o authority_n that_o the_o knight_n of_o shire_n citizen_n and_o burgess_n have_v be_v always_o constituent_a member_n of_o parliament_n ever_o since_o the_o conquest_n for_o methinks_v you_o waver_v in_o this_o matter_n and_o sometime_o you_o seem_v to_o assert_v the_o former_a and_o sometime_o the_o latter_a f._n i_o confess_v it_o be_v not_o my_o humour_n to_o be_v positive_a in_o any_o thing_n that_o be_v in_o the_o least_o doubtful_a or_o obscure_a and_o therefore_o as_o i_o will_v not_o maintain_v that_o knight_n of_o shire_n always_o a_o constituent_a part_n of_o parliament_n before_o your_o conquest_n or_o present_o be_v after_o though_o it_o be_v positive_o assert_v by_o the_o author_n of_o the_o modus_fw-la tenendi_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la since_o the_o antiquity_n of_o that_o piece_n be_v just_o question_v by_o mr._n selden_n and_o other_o modern_a antiquary_n so_o on_o the_o other_o side_n i_o shall_v not_o assert_v that_o they_o be_v not_o there_o at_o all_o but_o this_o much_o i_o think_v i_o be_o able_a to_o prove_v that_o they_o be_v summon_v to_o parliament_n long_o before_o the_o 49th_o of_o henry_n the_o three_o or_o 18_o of_o edward_n the_o first_o but_o as_o for_o the_o city_n and_o borough_n that_o they_o have_v their_o representative_n in_o parliament_n at_o or_o present_o after_o your_o conquest_n i_o think_v i_o can_v prove_v from_o as_o undeniable_a testimony_n as_o can_v be_v expect_v since_o all_o the_o most_o ancient_a roll_n and_o record_n of_o great_a council_n and_o parliament_n be_v long_o since_o lose_v and_o destroy_v yet_o to_o show_v you_o that_o we_o have_v some_o very_a ancient_a author_n that_o seem_v to_o mention_v not_o only_o the_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n but_o knight_n of_o shire_n to_o have_v be_v summon_v before_o the_o time_n you_o insist_v upon_o and_o if_o it_o prove_v so_o whether_o they_o be_v there_o from_o the_o very_a time_n of_o the_o conquest_n be_v not_o material_a since_o if_o i_o confute_v your_o and_o your_o dr_n opinion_n of_o the_o 49th_o of_o henry_n the_o three_o and_o 18_o of_o edward_n the_o first_o i_o carry_v the_o cause_n and_o you_o may_v then_o invent_v if_o you_o can_v some_o other_o epocha_n whereon_o to_o fix_v their_o first_o appear_v at_o our_o great_a council_n i_o shall_v therefore_o give_v you_o another_o quotation_n out_o of_o the_o same_o old_a monk_n sulcardus_n which_o immediate_o follow_v the_o conclusion_n of_o the_o charter_n of_o k._n william_n the_o first_o to_o the_o abbey_n of_o westminster_n but_o now_o cite_v and_o it_o have_v be_v make_v use_n of_o not_o only_o by_o mr._n p._n in_o his_o ancient_a right_n of_o the_o commons_o etc._n etc._n but_o by_o sir_n william_n dugdale_n himself_o in_o his_o origines_fw-la juridiciale_n as_o also_o by_o the_o author_n of_o argumentum_fw-la aâ—tinormaunicum_n to_o prove_v the_o commons_o to_o have_v be_v summon_v to_o a_o great_a council_n in_o the_o 9th_o year_n of_o k._n william_n the_o first_o anno_fw-la dom._n 1075._o the_o word_n as_o cite_v in_o sir_n william_n dugdale_n be_v these_o that_o after_o the_o king_n have_v subscribe_v his_o name_n to_o this_o charter_n with_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n add_v many_o of_o the_o bishop_n abbot_n and_o temporal_a nobility_n instead_o of_o cum_fw-la multis_fw-la aliis_fw-la have_v these_o word_n multis_fw-la praeterea_fw-la illustrissimis_fw-la virorum_fw-la personis_fw-la &_o regni_fw-la principibus_fw-la diversi_fw-la ordinis_fw-la omissis_fw-la qui_fw-la huic_fw-la confirmationi_fw-la piisimo_fw-la affectu_fw-la testes_fw-la &_o â—autores_fw-la fuerunt_fw-la hii_n autem_fw-la illo_fw-la tempore_fw-la à _fw-la regius_fw-la potestate_fw-la diversis_fw-la provinciis_fw-la &_o urbibus_fw-la ad_fw-la universalem_fw-la synodum_fw-la pro_fw-la causis_fw-la cujuslibet_fw-la christiane_n ecclesâ—e_fw-la audiendis_fw-la &_o tractandis_fw-la ad_fw-la praescriptum_fw-la celeberriumum_fw-la coenobium_fw-la quod_fw-la westmonasterium_fw-la dicitur_fw-la convoceti_n now_o i_o shall_v only_o observe_v from_o this_o author_n provincia_n that_o mr._n selden_n in_o his_o title_n of_o honour_n and_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n in_o his_o glossary_n do_v render_v provincia_n for_o a_o county_n or_o shire_n m._n i_o pray_v give_v i_o leave_v
that_o charter_n be_v lose_v they_o desire_v a_o confirmation_n of_o it_o from_o the_o king_n whereupon_o he_o by_o this_o commission_n direct_v a_o writ_n of_o enquiry_n to_o several_a gentleman_n and_o other_o therein_o mention_v to_o inquire_v if_o the_o say_a burgess_n have_v enjoy_v all_o those_o liberty_n so_o grant_v by_o the_o say_a charter_n of_o king_n athelstan_n or_o not_o which_o will_v have_v be_v ridiculous_a if_o the_o king_n and_o council_n have_v be_v satisfy_v that_o no_o city_n and_o burroughs_n scent_n any_o member_n to_o parliament_n under_o the_o saxon_a king_n and_o not_o before_o the_o 49th_o of_o henry_n the_o three_o and_o this_o authority_n be_v the_o more_o remarkable_a because_o barâ—staple_n be_v one_o of_o mr._n prin_n modern_a burrough_n for_o which_o he_o can_v find_v no_o precept_n or_o return_v early_o than_o the_o 26_o of_o edward_n the_o three_o though_o no_o doubt_n as_o appear_v by_o this_o their_o petition_n in_o the_o 17_o of_o this_o king_n it_o have_v send_v burgess_n to_o parliament_n many_o age_n before_o though_o the_o precept_n and_o return_v upon_o they_o be_v all_o lose_v and_o that_o not_o only_o the_o city_n and_o burrough_n do_v thus_o claim_v by_o prescription_n but_o that_o the_o knight_n of_o shire_n have_v always_o claim_v the_o same_o privilege_n may_v appear_v by_o another_o petition_n of_o the_o commons_o house_n extant_a on_o the_o parliament-roll_n of_o the_o 51th_o of_o edward_n the_o three_o 45._o which_o i_o shall_v contract_v and_o put_v into_o english_a out_o of_o french_a recite_v thus_o because_o of_o common_a right_n in_o the_o roll_n de_fw-fr commune_fw-la dâ—oit_fw-fr of_o the_o realm_n there_o be_v and_o shall_v be_v elect_v two_o from_o every_o county_n of_o england_n to_o come_v to_o parliament_n for_o the_o commune_fw-la of_o the_o say_a county_n and_o also_o the_o prelate_n duke_n baron_n count_n baron_n and_o such_o as_o hold_v by_o barony_n which_o be_v and_o shall_v be_v summon_v by_o writ_n to_o come_v to_o parliament_n except_o the_o city_n and_o burrough_n who_o ought_v to_o elect_a from_o among_o themselves_o such_o as_o ought_v to_o answer_v for_o they_o whence_o we_o may_v conclude_v that_o the_o commons_o than_o claim_v to_o come_v to_o parliament_n of_o common_a right_n that_o be_v by_o common_a law_n or_o general_a custom_n of_o the_o realm_n time_n out_o of_o mind_n as_o much_o as_o the_o bishop_n abbot_n and_o great_a lord_n 2._o that_o neither_o the_o bishop_n lord_n nor_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la have_v any_o authority_n to_o impose_v tax_n or_o make_v law_n for_o the_o commons_o of_o the_o county_n or_o these_o for_o the_o city_n and_o burrough_n without_o their_o consent_n because_o they_o have_v each_o of_o they_o representative_n of_o their_o own_o order_n to_o answer_v for_o they_o in_o parliament_n m._n i_o must_v confess_v this_o will_v have_v be_v absolute_o convince_a can_v we_o have_v see_v this_o charter_n of_o k._n athelstans_n but_o since_o the_o townsman_n of_o barnstaple_n do_v only_o in_o their_o petition_n among_o other_o set_v forth_o this_o privilege_n of_o send_v burgess_n to_o parliament_n now_o who_o can_v tell_v whether_o there_o be_v any_o such_o thing_n in_o their_o charter_n or_o not_o since_o they_o confess_v they_o have_v lose_v it_o or_o grant_v it_o be_v as_o they_o set_v forth_o yet_o be_v will_v sufficient_o evince_v that_o the_o right_n of_o city_n and_o burrough_n to_o send_v their_o representative_n to_o parliament_n be_v not_o as_o you_o suppose_v as_o ancient_a as_o the_o government_n but_o have_v its_o original_a from_o the_o grant_n and_o charter_n of_o former_a king_n f._n as_o to_o these_o objection_n we_o can_v have_v but_o all_o the_o proof_n that_o this_o subject_n be_v capable_a of_o at_o such_o a_o distance_n of_o time_n but_o if_o i_o be_v a_o juryman_n in_o this_o matter_n i_o shall_v rather_o believe_v that_o the_o town_n of_o barnstaple_n have_v such_o charter_n not_o long_o before_o they_o make_v this_o petition_n to_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o and_o that_o there_o be_v such_o clause_n therein_o as_o they_o here_o set_v forth_o than_o that_o these_o townsman_n shall_v be_v so_o impudent_a as_o to_o desire_v a_o new_a charter_n of_o confirmation_n from_o he_o of_o all_o their_o privilege_n of_o which_o this_o of_o elect_v burgess_n be_v one_o if_o there_o have_v never_o be_v any_o such_o clause_n in_o it_o at_o all_o but_o as_o for_o the_o other_o objection_n that_o if_o it_o be_v so_o than_o it_o appear_v that_o all_o the_o right_a of_o city_n and_o burrough_n send_v member_n to_o parliament_n be_v derive_v from_o the_o grant_n and_o charter_n of_o former_a king_n it_o be_v very_o fallacious_a as_o you_o will_v find_v if_o you_o consider_v and_o compare_v the_o ancient_a right_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o abbot_n as_o also_o of_o all_o the_o temporal_a nobility_n to_o come_v to_o the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o as_o to_o the_o first_o of_o they_o i_o prove_v to_o be_v as_o ancient_a as_o christianity_n itself_o among_o the_o english_a saxon_n and_o as_o for_o the_o priesthood_n and_o nobility_n in_o general_n to_o have_v be_v as_o old_a as_o the_o institution_n of_o the_o government_n itself_o now_o though_o you_o grant_v that_o long_a before_o the_o conquest_n our_o king_n have_v the_o nomination_n of_o bishop_n and_o abbot_n and_o also_o the_o make_n of_o alderman_n earls_z and_o thanes_z who_o make_v the_o temporal_a nobility_n in_o those_o great_a council_n will_v it_o therefore_o follow_v that_o because_o our_o king_n be_v thus_o entrust_v by_o the_o people_n with_o this_o prerogative_n of_o name_v and_o invest_v bishop_n and_o abbot_n per_fw-la annulum_fw-la &_o baculum_fw-la and_o also_o of_o create_v those_o great_a man_n now_o mention_v that_o therefore_o all_o the_o right_a either_o order_n have_v to_o appear_v at_o those_o council_n not_o only_o proceed_v from_o but_o depend_v whole_o on_o the_o king_n good_a will_n and_o pleasure_n and_o that_o he_o can_v have_v choose_v whether_o he_o will_v have_v name_v any_o bishop_n or_o abbot_n to_o vacant_a see_v and_o abbey_n or_o make_v any_o alderman_n earls_z and_o thanes_z or_o not_o but_o have_v change_v the_o whole_a frame_n of_o the_o government_n into_o a_o absolute_a despotic_a monarchy_n by_o destroy_v the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n whether_o you_o believe_v the_o clergy_n nobility_n and_o people_n will_v have_v suffer_v any_o of_o those_o king_n to_o have_v make_v such_o a_o innovation_n apply_v this_o to_o the_o right_n of_o the_o most_o of_o ancient_a city_n and_o burrough_n in_o england_n and_o see_v if_o it_o do_v not_o exact_o agree_v with_o this_o parallel_a case_n of_o the_o bishop_n abbot_n and_o temporal_a nobility_n since_o as_o there_o be_v priest_n and_o noble_n who_o from_o the_o very_a first_o institution_n of_o our_o great_a council_n do_v not_o owe_v their_o original_a to_o the_o king_n but_o bring_v it_o with_o they_o out_o of_o germany_n and_o to_o who_o suffrage_n the_o first_o saxon_n king_n owe_v their_o election_n so_o no_o doubt_n be_v there_o divers_a city_n and_o town_n in_o england_n so_o considerable_a from_o the_o time_n of_o the_o expulsion_n of_o the_o britain_n that_o it_o be_v think_v â—it_a to_o pitch_v upon_o they_o as_o most_o able_a to_o send_v representative_n to_o the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o nation_n that_o so_o they_o may_v imitate_v their_o old_a government_n in_o their_o own_o country_n in_o which_o the_o great_a city_n and_o town_n have_v always_o a_o considerable_a share_n as_o they_o have_v in_o the_o german_a diet_n to_o this_o day_n though_o the_o king_n may_v then_o as_o he_o be_v now_o be_v entrust_v with_o the_o prerogative_n of_o make_v new_a city_n and_o burrough_n with_o like_a privilege_n with_o the_o old_a one_o though_o this_o be_v but_o rare_o practise_v till_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n james_n i._o the_o two_o university_n be_v some_o of_o the_o first_o corporation_n on_o which_o he_o confer_v this_o privilege_n by_o charter_n of_o elect_v and_o send_v two_o burgess_n to_o parliament_n which_o power_n have_v i_o confess_v be_v exercise_v even_o to_o a_o grievance_n in_o the_o reign_v of_o his_o son_n and_o grandson_n so_o that_o it_o be_v to_o be_v wish_v that_o there_o be_v a_o law_n pass_v that_o no_o new_a city_n or_o burrow_n shall_v be_v make_v for_o the_o future_a without_o a_o express_a act_n of_o parliament_n now_o i_o will_v very_o glad_o hear_v what_o you_o can_v further_o say_v to_o so_o many_o weighty_a authority_n which_o i_o have_v now_o give_v you_o for_o evident_a it_o be_v that_o if_o they_o be_v compare_v and_o consider_v in_o series_n of_o time_n that_o neither_o edw._n 2d_o or_o 3d_o nor_o their_o judge_n or_o learned_a council_n no_o nor_o the_o parliament_n
earl_n and_o in_o the_o like_a pardon_n to_o the_o constable_n and_o marshal_n in_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o first_o which_o i_o now_o also_o quote_v those_o lord_n will_v not_o own_o they_o have_v transgress_v but_o the_o word_n be_v only_o etiam_fw-la transgressiones_fw-la si_fw-la quas_fw-la fecerit_fw-la so_o that_o since_o such_o reformation_n can_v not_o be_v bring_v about_o without_o violence_n and_o bloodshed_n and_o some_o irregularity_n which_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n can_v not_o be_v justify_v by_o the_o strict_a letter_n of_o the_o law_n it_o be_v but_o reason_n that_o for_o the_o quiet_v of_o man_n mind_n and_o their_o future_a security_n they_o shall_v be_v indemnify_v for_o what_o they_o have_v do_v with_o so_o good_a a_o intent_n and_o for_o the_o common_a good_a of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o that_o such_o act_n of_o pardon_n do_v not_o relate_v to_o the_o title_n such_o king_n have_v to_o the_o crown_n but_o only_o to_o their_o be_v king_n in_o the_o eye_n of_o the_o law_n appear_v by_o a_o like_a act_n of_o pardon_n pass_v in_o parliament_n in_o the_o first_o of_o henry_n the_o seven_o to_o pardon_v and_o save_v harmless_a all_o those_o that_o come_v over_o with_o the_o king_n and_o all_o that_o help_v he_o to_o recover_v his_o just_a right_n to_o the_o kingdom_n against_o king_n richard_n the_o three_o there_o call_v that_o usurper_n so_o that_o you_o may_v see_v such_o act_n of_o pardon_n do_v not_o concern_v the_o just_a title_n of_o prince_n nor_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o war_n but_o be_v to_o quiet_a man_n mind_n under_o the_o new_a government_n whereas_o those_o that_o take_v part_n with_o the_o usurper_n be_v not_o pardon_v but_o leave_v to_o the_o law_n since_o the_o present_a government_n will_v not_o take_v care_n for_o their_o security_n that_o have_v obstruct_v its_o settlement_n so_o the_o act_n of_o oblivion_n of_o the_o second_o of_o charles_n the_o second_o though_o it_o pardon_v treason_n express_o yet_o it_o as_o well_o pardon_v the_o treason_n of_o they_o that_o have_v commission_n from_o king_n charles_n the_o first_o or_o second_o as_o well_o as_o those_o that_o act_v by_o commission_n from_o other_o pretend_a authority_n so_o that_o you_o see_v in_o the_o judgement_n of_o this_o so_o modern_a a_o parliament_n man_n may_v be_v suppose_v to_o be_v guilty_a of_o treason_n though_o they_o have_v take_v part_n with_o the_o king_n and_o have_v act_v by_o â—is_n commission_n if_o the_o thing_n command_v be_v illegal_a m._n i_o confess_v you_o have_v take_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o pain_n to_o justify_v take_v up_o arm_n against_o nay_o imprisonment_n of_o our_o king_n when_o that_o which_o you_o call_v the_o preservation_n of_o the_o government_n require_v it_o that_o be_v when_o there_o be_v a_o â—action_n in_o the_o kingdom_n strong_a enough_o to_o make_v a_o disturbance_n for_o it_o be_v very_o well_o say_v by_o tacitus_n in_o the_o speech_n he_o make_v for_o otho_n to_o the_o soldier_n to_o take_v up_o arm_n and_o kill_v galba_n than_o emperor_n that_o it_o be_v in_o vain_a to_o speak_v more_o for_o the_o justification_n of_o that_o action_n quod_fw-la laudari_fw-la non_fw-la potest_fw-la nisi_fw-la peractum_fw-la treason_n if_o successful_a have_v never_o want_v a_o sufficient_a party_n in_o the_o nation_n to_o make_v up_o a_o parliament_n to_o countenance_v they_o and_o to_o pardon_v nay_o justify_v all_o those_o that_o have_v be_v actor_n in_o they_o as_o we_o may_v see_v by_o those_o act_n of_o indemnity_n you_o mention_v and_o therefore_o i_o be_o not_o the_o more_o convince_v that_o such_o resistance_n be_v lawful_a notwithstanding_o those_o specious_a declaration_n of_o parliament_n of_o their_o be_v make_v for_o the_o public_a good_a and_o preservation_n of_o the_o king_n and_o kingdom_n but_o you_o have_v do_v very_o wary_o to_o pass_v by_o without_o any_o justification_n the_o deposition_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o second_o as_o also_o that_o of_o the_o resistance_n as_o you_o call_v it_o of_o henry_n duke_n of_o lancaster_n against_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o as_o also_o his_o deposition_n though_o do_v in_o parliament_n since_o all_o the_o proceed_n against_o this_o king_n be_v repeal_v in_o parliament_n in_o the_o first_o of_o edward_n the_o four_o as_o appear_v by_o the_o parliament_n roll_v of_o that_o king_n reign_n wherein_o the_o take_n up_o arm_n against_o king_n richard_n by_o henry_n earl_n of_o derby_n be_v say_v to_o be_v do_v contrary_a to_o his_o faith_n etc._n and_o legiance_n and_o his_o take_v the_o crown_n call_v usurpation_n and_o the_o kill_n of_o king_n richard_n his_o sovereign_a lord_n term_v as_o it_o just_o deserve_v murder_v and_o tyranny_n which_o do_v though_o not_o direct_o yet_o by_o consequence_n condemn_v his_o deposition_n too_o since_o he_o be_v after_o that_o here_o call_v king_n and_o you_o do_v as_o wary_o pass_v by_o the_o late_a rebellious_a war_n of_o the_o long_a parliament_n against_o king_n charles_n the_o first_o as_o also_o his_o horrid_a murder_n before_o his_o own_o gate_n because_o you_o know_v cry_v well_o that_o this_o doctrine_n of_o resistance_n seldom_o stop_v with_o a_o bare_a reformation_n of_o what_o be_v amiss_o but_o common_o end_v with_o the_o murder_n or_o deposition_n of_o the_o king_n or_o else_o drive_v he_o from_o his_o throne_n as_o we_o now_o find_v it_o by_o woeful_a experience_n in_o the_o person_n of_o our_o unfortunate_a king_n who_o be_v so_o late_o force_v to_o quit_v this_o kingdom_n for_o the_o security_n of_o his_o person_n and_o therefore_o to_o put_v a_o end_n to_o this_o part_n of_o the_o dispute_n the_o parliament_n of_o the_o 13_o of_o king_n charles_n the_o second_o be_v so_o sensible_a of_o the_o great_a mischief_n that_o attend_v this_o rebellious_a doctrine_n as_o have_v be_v the_o destruction_n of_o one_o of_o the_o best_a prince_n that_o ever_o reign_v and_o the_o occasion_n of_o the_o loss_n of_o so_o many_o brave_a man_n beside_o the_o ruin_n of_o so_o many_o great_a and_o noble_a family_n that_o they_o be_v resolve_v to_o do_v their_o utmost_a to_o prevent_v it_o for_o the_o future_a and_o therefore_o the_o king_n and_o parliament_n in_o the_o 13_o and_o 14_o of_o king_n charles_n the_o second_o pass_v those_o remarkable_a act_n concern_v the_o settlement_n of_o the_o militia_n in_o the_o king_n and_o his_o successor_n to_o take_v away_o all_o dispute_n about_o it_o though_o they_o declare_v it_o to_o have_v be_v his_o ancient_n right_o and_o therefore_o to_o take_v away_o all_o pretence_n for_o take_v up_o arm_n either_o by_o the_o two_o house_n of_o parliament_n or_o any_o other_o person_n whatsoever_o they_o in_o preamble_n to_o both_o these_o 6._o that_o these_o act_n thus_o express_o declare_v forasmuch_o as_o within_o all_o his_o majesty_n realm_n and_o dominion_n the_o sole_a supreme_a government_n command_v and_o disposition_n of_o the_o militia_n and_o of_o all_o force_n by_o sea_n and_o land_n and_o of_o all_o fort_n and_o place_n of_o strength_n be_v and_o by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n over_o be_v the_o undoubted_a right_n of_o his_o majesty_n and_o his_o royal_a predecessor_n king_n and_o queen_n of_o england_n and_o that_o both_o or_o either_o house_n of_o parliament_n can_v nor_o aught_o to_o pretend_v to_o the_o same_o nor_o can_v lawful_o raise_v or_o â—evy_v war_n offensive_a or_o defensive_a against_o his_o majesty_n his_o heir_n or_o lawful_a successor_n and_o yet_o the_o contrary_a hereof_o have_v of_o late_o be_v practise_v almost_o to_o the_o ruin_n and_o destruction_n of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o during_o the_o late_a usurp_v government_n many_o evil_a and_o rebellious_a principle_n have_v be_v distil_v into_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o people_n of_o this_o kingdom_n which_o unless_o prevent_v may_v break_v â—orth_o to_o the_o disturbance_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o quiet_n thereof_o etc._n etc._n and_o in_o pursuance_n of_o this_o statute_n it_o be_v likewise_o ordain_v by_o the_o authority_n aforesaid_a in_o the_o 2d_o statute_n for_o the_o militia_n in_o the_o 14_o year_n of_o the_o same_o king_n 3d._n wherein_o not_o only_o the_o same_o preamble_n be_v recite_v verbatim_o as_o before_o in_o the_o former_a statute_n but_o it_o be_v also_o enact_v that_o no_o person_n no_o not_o a_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n shall_v be_v capable_a of_o act_v as_o lieutenant_n deputy_n lieutenant_n officer_z or_o soldier_n by_o virtue_n of_o this_o act_n unless_o after_o the_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n and_o supremacy_n they_o take_v this_o oath_n follow_v viz._n i_o a._n b._n do_v declare_v and_o believe_v that_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a upon_o any_o pretence_n whatsoever_o to_o take_v arm_n against_o the_o king_n and_o that_o i_o do_v abhor_v that_o traitor_n position_n that_o arm_n may_v be_v take_v by_o his_o authority_n against_o his_o person_n or_o
disobey_v of_o the_o parliament_n out_o of_o his_o hand_n much_o less_o will_v i_o justify_v the_o murder_n of_o this_o king_n or_o of_o any_o other_o abovementioned_a as_o be_v no_o necessary_a consequence_n of_o that_o resistance_n i_o only_o allow_v for_o lawful_a viz._n that_o of_o the_o whole_a or_o major_a part_n of_o the_o nation_n nor_o be_v edw._n the_o second_o or_o richard_n the_o second_o put_v to_o death_n by_o any_o act_n or_o order_n of_o parliament_n but_o be_v murder_v in_o prison_n and_o the_o murderer_n of_o edward_n the_o second_o be_v afterward_o attaint_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o execute_v as_o they_o deserve_v but_o as_o for_o the_o murder_n of_o king_n charles_n the_o first_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v take_v into_o this_o account_n it_o be_v not_o do_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o in_o parliament_n but_o by_o a_o factious_a rump_n or_o fag-end_a of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o who_o fate_n by_o the_o power_n of_o the_o army_n after_o far_o the_o major_a part_n of_o the_o member_n who_o be_v for_o the_o king_n be_v shut_v out_o of_o door_n and_o the_o lord_n vote_v useless_a and_o dangerous_a m._n i_o confess_v you_o have_v make_v as_o good_a a_o apology_n for_o these_o action_n as_o the_o matter_n will_v bear_v but_o that_o neither_o of_o the_o two_o house_n can_v at_o this_o day_n have_v any_o coercive_a power_n over_o the_o king_n or_o to_o call_v he_o to_o a_o account_n for_o any_o thing_n he_o have_v do_v appear_v by_o the_o express_a declaration_n of_o both_o house_n in_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 12_o of_o charles_n the_o second_o as_o also_o in_o those_o but_o now_o cite_v in_o which_o they_o utter_o disclaim_v all_o make_v war_n whether_o offensive_a or_o defensive_a against_o his_o majesty_n much_o less_o can_v he_o be_v subject_a to_o any_o other_o coercive_a or_o vindictive_a power_n or_o ought_v any_o way_n to_o be_v resist_v by_o private_a person_n therefore_o suppose_v i_o shall_v grant_v as_o i_o do_v not_o that_o the_o parliament_n have_v former_o a_o power_n of_o depose_v of_o their_o king_n or_o that_o the_o clergy_n nobility_n and_o people_n have_v former_o a_o right_a of_o take_v up_o arm_n against_o the_o king_n in_o case_n of_o notorious_a tyranny_n and_o misgovernment_n yet_o be_v all_o such_o resistance_n express_o renounce_v and_o declare_v unlawful_a by_o the_o oath_n and_o declaration_n now_o cite_v so_o that_o though_o in_o the_o dark_a time_n of_o popery_n such_o resistance_n may_v be_v count_v lawful_a not_o only_o by_o laity_n but_o also_o by_o the_o bishop_n and_o clergy_n who_o ought_v to_o have_v teach_v the_o people_n better_a doctrine_n yet_o i_o think_v it_o have_v be_v much_o better_a for_o the_o nation_n to_o have_v endure_v the_o worst_a that_o can_v have_v happen_v from_o the_o tyranny_n of_o king_n than_o to_o have_v transgress_v the_o rule_n of_o the_o gospel_n and_o the_o constant_a doctrine_n of_o the_o primitive_a church_n by_o resistance_n and_o rebellion_n against_o the_o supreme_a power_n of_o the_o nation_n f._n i_o shall_v not_o now_o maintain_v that_o the_o two_o house_n of_o parliament_n have_v any_o authority_n at_o this_o day_n to_o depose_v the_o king_n or_o maintain_v a_o war_n against_o he_o upon_o any_o account_n yet_o that_o they_o have_v still_o a_o power_n to_o judge_v of_o the_o king_n action_n whether_o consonant_n to_o law_n or_o not_o and_o whether_o he_o have_v not_o break_v the_o fundamental_a constitution_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v no_o where_o give_v up_o as_o i_o know_v of_o but_o that_o resistance_n in_o some_o case_n be_v not_o contrary_a to_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o gospel_n i_o have_v already_o prove_v and_o that_o it_o be_v not_o direct_o contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n before_o these_o statute_n you_o do_v partly_o grant_v but_o since_o the_o main_a strength_n of_o your_o cause_n lie_v in_o this_o oath_n appoint_v by_o these_o act_n of_o parliament_n therefore_o if_o i_o can_v give_v a_o satisfactory_a account_n of_o the_o true_a meaning_n and_o sense_n of_o these_o act_n to_o be_v otherwise_o than_o you_o suppose_v i_o hope_v you_o will_v grant_v that_o resistance_n may_v still_o be_v lawful_o make_v by_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o people_n in_o the_o case_n i_o have_v now_o put_v against_o any_o person_n who_o under_o colour_n and_o pretence_n of_o the_o king_n commission_n shall_v violent_o assault_v their_o person_n in_o the_o free_a exercise_n of_o their_o religion_n as_o it_o be_v by_o law_n establish_v or_o shall_v go_v about_o to_o invadeâ—_n their_o just_a liberty_n and_o property_n which_o the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o england_n have_v confer_v upon_o every_o freeborn_a subject_n of_o it_o and_o in_o order_n to_o the_o clear_a proof_n of_o this_o i_o shall_v make_v use_n of_o this_o method_n i_o shall_v first_o explain_v the_o term_n of_o this_o declaration_n and_o then_o i_o shall_v proceed_v to_o show_v you_o that_o in_o a_o legal_a sense_n all_o defensive_a arm_n or_o resistance_n of_o the_o king_n person_n in_o some_o case_n or_o of_o those_o commissioned_n by_o he_o be_v not_o forbid_v nor_o intend_v to_o be_v forbid_v by_o these_o statute_n and_o declaration_n first_o then_o by_o take_v arm_n against_o the_o king_n be_v certain_o mean_v no_o more_o than_o make_v war_n against_o the_o king_n according_a to_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 25_o of_o edward_n the_o three_o which_o declare_v make_v war_n against_o the_o king_n to_o be_v treason_n and_o this_o be_v unlawful_a upon_o any_o pretence_n whatsoever_o second_o the_o clause_n by_o his_o authority_n against_o his_o person_n be_v only_o to_o be_v understand_v of_o the_o king_n be_v legal_a authority_n and_o by_o his_o person_n be_v mean_v his_o natural_a and_o politic_a person_n when_o act_v together_o for_o the_o same_o end_n as_o i_o shall_v show_v you_o by_o and_o by_o so_o that_o both_o these_o statute_n be_v but_o declaratory_a of_o the_o ancient_a common_a law_n of_o england_n against_o take_v up_o arm_n and_o make_v war_n against_o the_o king_n and_o do_v not_o introduce_v any_o new_a law_n concern_v this_o matter_n so_o that_o whatever_o be_v treason_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 25_o of_o edward_n the_o three_o be_v treason_n by_o these_o statute_n and_o no_o more_o viz._n all_o take_n up_o arm_n or_o actual_a make_v war_n against_o the_o king_n in_o order_n to_o kill_v depose_v or_o imprison_v he_o etc._n etc._n as_o sir_n edward_n coke_n show_v we_o in_o his_o three_o institut_n in_o his_o note_n upon_o this_o statute_n yet_o notwithstanding_o after_o this_o statute_n of_o the_o 25_o of_o edward_n the_o three_o the_o clergy_n nobility_n and_o people_n of_o england_n assemble_v in_o parliament_n do_v suppose_v it_o still_o lawful_a to_o take_v up_o arm_n against_o those_o illegal_o commissioned_n by_o the_o king_n in_o case_n of_o notorious_a misgovernment_n and_o breach_n of_o the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o the_o nation_n as_o appear_v by_o that_o general_a resistance_n make_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o evil_a government_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o ireland_n and_o those_o concern_v with_o he_o in_o the_o 11_o of_o richard_n the_o second_o which_o as_o i_o have_v already_o prove_v be_v allow_v for_o lawful_a by_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o consequent_o by_o the_o king_n be_v own_o consent_n without_o which_o it_o can_v never_o have_v be_v so_o declare_v the_o like_a i_o may_v say_v for_o that_o resistance_n which_o be_v make_v in_o king_n henry_n the_o sixth_n reign_n by_o richard_n duke_n of_o york_n 627._o and_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n of_o his_o party_n agha_v the_o evil_a government_n of_o the_o queen_n and_o the_o duke_n of_o somerset_n who_o govern_v all_o affair_n in_o a_o arbitrary_a and_o yet_o unsuccessful_a manner_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o easiness_n and_o weakness_n of_o king_n henry_n but_o though_o this_o resistance_n be_v also_o approve_v of_o in_o the_o next_o parliament_n of_o the_o 33d_o year_n of_o this_o king_n yet_o i_o shall_v not_o so_o much_o insist_v upon_o it_o because_o i_o know_v you_o will_v allege_v that_o this_o be_v make_v by_o the_o lawful_a heir_n of_o the_o crown_n against_o a_o usurper_n since_o the_o crown_n be_v not_o long_o after_o adjudge_v to_o be_v his_o right_n though_o king_n henry_n be_v allow_v to_o wear_v it_o during_o his_o life_n yet_o however_o it_o show_v the_o opinion_n of_o the_o clergy_n nobility_n and_o people_n of_o england_n at_o that_o time_n concern_v the_o lawfulness_n of_o such_o resistance_n before_o this_o declaration_n of_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o kingdom_n concern_v the_o legality_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o york_n title_n be_v make_v in_o the_o parliament_n abovementioned_a three_o that_o the_o parliament_n by_o these_o statute_n of_o the_o
statute_n of_o provisor_n and_o praemunire_n and_o i_o can_v show_v you_o from_o divers_a record_n of_o parliament_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o richard_n ii_o henry_n iu_o and_o henry_n v._o that_o they_o never_o intrude_v the_o crown_n with_o a_o absolute_a power_n of_o dispense_v with_o those_o statute_n but_o only_o for_o a_o time_n as_o till_o the_o next_o parliament_n or_o long_o as_o they_o think_v fit_a but_o since_o i_o have_v not_o now_o so_o much_o time_n to_o give_v you_o so_o many_o precedent_n at_o length_n i_o shall_v only_o tell_v you_o that_o as_o to_o the_o main_a instance_n you_o rely_v upon_o viz._n the_o king_n dispense_v with_o the_o statute_n of_o sheriff_n that_o at_o first_o it_o be_v not_o take_v for_o law_n appear_v by_o several_a act_n of_o parliament_n as_o in_o 28._o of_o henry_n the_o vi_o whereby_o those_o sheriff_n that_o have_v hold_v their_o office_n for_o more_o than_o a_o year_n be_v pardon_v likewise_o in_o the_o act_n of_o edw._n iu._n there_o be_v a_o like_a statute_n pardon_v those_o sheriff_n who_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o late_a trouble_n in_o the_o realm_n have_v hold_v for_o above_o a_o year_n yet_o nevertheless_o confirm_v all_o former_a act_n concern_v sheriff_n for_o the_o time_n to_o come_v and_o this_o hold_v as_o far_o as_o the_o six_o of_o henry_n viii_o which_o be_v long_o after_o the_o judgement_n you_o mention_v in_o the_o exchequer_n chamber_n of_o all_o the_o justice_n in_o england_n to_o the_o contrary_a for_o there_o be_v then_o a_o act_n make_v which_o recite_v all_o the_o former_a statute_n about_o sheriff_n as_o then_o in_o full_a force_n it_o enact_v that_o the_o sheriff_n and_o under_o sheriff_n of_o the_o city_n of_o bristol_n may_v continue_v to_o occupy_v their_o office_n in_o like_a manner_n as_o the_o under_o sheriff_n and_o other_o sheriff_n officer_n in_o london_n do_v without_o any_o penalty_n or_o forfeiture_n for_o the_o same_o the_o say_a act_n or_o any_o other_o act_n to_o the_o contrary_a notwithstanding_o from_o all_o which_o statute_n i_o think_v it_o sufficient_o appear_v that_o neither_o the_o sheriff_n of_o those_o time_n nor_o the_o city_n of_o bristol_n nor_o the_o whole_a parliament_n when_o that_o act_n be_v make_v do_v believe_v the_o king_n have_v power_n to_o dispense_v with_o the_o act_n of_o the_o 25_o of_o henry_n the_o vi_o concern_v sheriff_n for_o if_o they_o have_v certain_o it_o have_v be_v much_o easy_a and_o cheap_a for_o they_o to_o have_v obtain_v the_o king_n dispensation_n than_o to_o have_v get_v a_o act_n of_o parliament_n for_o it_o m._n i_o believe_v you_o may_v have_v cite_v these_o statute_n right_a enough_o but_o yet_o i_o think_v they_o be_v not_o sufficient_a proof_n against_o so_o solemn_a a_o opinion_n as_o that_o of_o all_o the_o judge_n in_o the_o exchequer_n chamber_n 2_o d_o of_o henry_n the_o 7_o the_o and_o whatever_o the_o parliament_n may_v have_v declare_v in_o the_o case_n of_o this_o or_o that_o particular_a statute_n i_o confess_v carry_v some_o authority_n with_o it_o yet_o ought_v it_o not_o to_o be_v countervale_v by_o so_o solemn_a a_o judgement_n as_o that_o of_o all_o the_o judge_n and_o lawyer_n of_o england_n together_o with_o the_o king_n be_v constant_a exercise_n of_o this_o prerogative_n not_o only_o since_o but_o before_o that_o time_n and_o that_o without_o any_o question_n or_o dispute_v with_o the_o parliament_n about_o it_o as_o in_o the_o case_n i_o have_v already_o put_v of_o the_o statute_n that_o forbid_v any_o welshman_n be_v a_o officer_n in_o wales_n to_o which_o i_o may_v add_v divers_a other_o case_n of_o like_a nature_n such_o as_o the_o statute_n against_o a_o judge_n go_v the_o circuit_n in_o his_o own_o country_n as_o also_o those_o statute_n that_o prohibit_v the_o king_n from_o grant_v pardon_n to_o person_n convict_v nay_o condemn_v for_o murder_n with_o several_a other_o penal_a statute_n i_o can_v name_v be_v though_o the_o king_n hand_n be_v tie_v up_o by_o particular_a clause_n of_o nonobstante_a yet_o have_v his_o majesty_n and_o his_o predecessor_n at_o all_o time_n exercise_v their_o prerogative_n of_o dispense_n in_o all_o those_o case_n notwithstanding_o those_o act_n of_o parliament_n with_o non-obstantes_a to_o the_o contrary_a and_o though_o i_o grant_v you_o have_v give_v i_o several_a precedent_n of_o the_o parliament_n sometime_o restrain_v the_o king_n in_o this_o exercise_n of_o the_o dispense_v power_n yet_o they_o be_v all_o or_o the_o great_a part_n of_o they_o before_o the_o begin_n of_o henry_n the_o vii_o th_n reign_n when_o i_o grant_v the_o law_n first_o begin_v to_o be_v settle_v in_o this_o matter_n and_o since_o the_o judgement_n of_o all_o the_o judge_n in_o the_o exchequer_n chamber_n be_v the_o only_a rule_n of_o law_n we_o can_v have_v in_o the_o interval_n of_o parliament_n and_o that_o this_o case_n of_o dispensation_n be_v by_o they_o adjudge_v and_o ever_o since_o settle_v and_o own_a for_o law_n without_o the_o least_o dispute_n i_o can_v see_v no_o reason_n we_o have_v to_o question_v it_o now_o but_o as_o for_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 6_o the_o of_o henry_n the_o viii_o which_o you_o urge_v as_o a_o precedent_n to_o the_o contrary_a since_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n the_o vii_o i_o think_v it_o will_v not_o reach_v the_o point_n in_o question_n for_o the_o act_n you_o now_o cite_v seem_v to_o i_o no_o more_o than_o a_o private_a act_n for_o the_o sheriff_n of_o brestol_n alone_o who_o be_v it_o seem_v afraid_a to_o rely_v upon_o the_o king_n dispensation_n because_o they_o think_v they_o too_o chargeable_a to_o be_v take_v out_o as_o often_o as_o they_o shall_v have_v need_n of_o they_o do_v think_v it_o a_o great_a deal_n less_o charge_n and_o trouble_v to_o pass_v a_o act_n of_o parliament_n to_o indemnify_v themselves_o which_o i_o grant_v put_v that_o matter_n beyond_o all_o dispute_n but_o since_o this_o act_n of_o henry_n the_o viii_o i_o find_v no_o contest_v between_o the_o parliament_n and_o the_o king_n about_o his_o power_n of_o dispense_n with_o penal_a law_n till_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n charles_n the_o ii_o when_o i_o grant_v the_o house_n of_o commons_o do_v address_v to_o his_o majesty_n that_o penal_a statute_n in_o matter_n ecclesiastical_a can_v be_v suspend_v but_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n as_o also_o the_o last_o address_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o in_o 1685._o against_o the_o king_n dispense_n with_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o army_n their_z holding_z employment_n without_o take_v the_o oath_n and_o test_n according_a to_o the_o act_n whereby_o they_o be_v appoint_v but_o these_o be_v only_o against_o the_o king_n power_n of_o dispense_n with_o law_n ecclesiastical_a as_o concern_v liberty_n of_o conscience_n can_v no_o way_n be_v extend_v to_o their_o except_v against_o the_o king_n power_n of_o dispense_n with_o divers_a other_o penal_a law_n i_o will_v not_o say_v all_o which_o have_v non_fw-la obstantes_fw-la in_o they_o f._n since_o i_o see_v not_o only_o your_o opinion_n but_o also_o that_o of_o most_o of_o the_o judge_n and_o lawyer_n of_o england_n concern_v this_o matter_n of_o the_o king_n dispensation_n with_o penal_a law_n have_v be_v chief_o if_o not_o only_o found_v upon_o that_o opinion_n of_o all_o the_o judge_n in_o king_n henry_n vii_o i_o be_o give_v i_o leave_v to_o examine_v the_o validity_n of_o that_o judgement_n for_o if_o that_o can_v be_v prove_v not_o to_o have_v be_v according_a to_o law_n or_o elâ—e_v never_o give_v at_o all_o i_o suppose_v you_o must_v grant_v that_o my_o lord_n coke_n and_o all_o other_o who_o have_v found_v their_o opinion_n upon_o this_o adjudge_v cause_n of_o hen._n the_o vii_o be_v mistake_v now_o pray_v give_v i_o leave_v to_o argue_v a_o little_a with_o you_o in_o point_n of_o reason_n 43._o if_o a_o non_fw-la obstante_fw-la from_o the_o king_n be_v good_a when_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n a_o nonobstante_a be_v declare_v void_a what_o do_v a_o act_n of_o parliament_n signify_v in_o such_o a_o case_n must_v we_o say_v it_o be_v a_o void_a clause_n but_o then_o to_o what_o purpose_n be_v it_o put_v in_o do_v the_o lord_n and_o commons_o who_o draw_v this_o act_n of_o the_o 23_o d_o of_o henry_n the_o vi_o as_o also_o those_o act_n concern_v sheriff_n understand_v this_o clause_n of_o nonobstante_a to_o be_v void_a when_o they_o put_v it_o in_o if_o it_o be_v so_o and_o contrary_a to_o the_o king_n prerogative_n why_o do_v the_o king_n pass_v this_o act_n without_o any_o refusal_n or_o protestation_n against_o it_o certain_o it_o be_v then_o think_v otherwise_o and_o if_o so_o we_o have_v the_o authority_n of_o the_o two_o house_n of_o parliament_n against_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o judge_n but_o if_o it_o be_v not_o a_o
crown_n yet_o the_o pretend_a hereditary_a right_n of_o blood_n be_v the_o main_a ground_n of_o his_o establishment_n but_o as_o for_o king_n henry_n the_o vii_o the_o though_o he_o can_v claim_v the_o crown_n by_o no_o true_a right_n of_o inheritance_n yet_o will_v he_o never_o own_v it_o to_o be_v a_o election_n by_o parliament_n for_o as_o soon_o as_o king_n richard_n be_v slay_v in_o the_o battle_n of_o bosworth_n the_o lord_n stanley_n put_v his_o crown_n upon_o henry_n head_n who_o immediate_o still_v himself_o king_n seven_o as_o well_o by_o right_a of_o conquest_n as_o by_o be_v sole_a heir_n male_a of_o the_o house_n of_o lancaster_n he_o as_o such_o cause_v himself_o to_o be_v crown_v king_n and_o though_o he_o afterward_o call_v a_o parliament_n in_o which_o he_o procure_v his_o title_n to_o be_v recognise_v 7._o yet_o as_o my_o lord_n bacon_n very_o well_o observe_v he_o be_v afraid_a to_o take_v the_o crown_n by_o his_o only_a true_a title_n in_o right_a of_o the_o lady_n elizabeth_n his_o queen_n for_o fear_v he_o shall_v only_o be_v king_n by_o courtesy_n and_o must_v upon_o the_o queen_n death_n have_v resign_v it_o again_o and_o shall_v he_o take_v it_o by_o election_n he_o know_v there_o be_v a_o very_a great_a difference_n between_o a_o king_n that_o hold_v his_o crown_n by_o a_o civil_a act_n of_o the_o estate_n and_o one_o mind_n that_o that_o hold_v it_o original_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o descent_n of_o blood_n and_o therefore_o upon_o these_o consideration_n he_o resolve_v to_o rest_v upon_o the_o title_n of_o the_o house_n of_o lancaster_n as_o his_o main_a right_n and_o thereupon_o he_o cause_v a_o act_n of_o parliament_n to_o pass_v wherein_o his_o title_n be_v acknowledge_v as_o my_o lord_n bacon_n there_o tell_v we_o not_o by_o way_n of_o declaration_n or_o recognition_n of_o right_n as_o on_o the_o other_o side_n he_o avoid_v to_o have_v it_o by_o a_o new_a law_n of_o ordinance_n but_o choose_v rather_o a_o kind_n of_o a_o middle_a way_n by_o way_n of_o establishment_n and_o that_o under_o covert_n and_o indifferent_a word_n that_o the_o inheritance_n of_o the_o crown_n shall_v rest_v remain_z and_o abide_v in_o the_o king_n etc._n etc._n which_o word_n may_v be_v equal_o apply_v that_o the_o crown_n shall_v continue_v to_o he_o but_o whether_o as_o have_v former_a right_n to_o it_o which_o be_v doubtful_a or_o have_v it_o then_o in_o fact_n or_o possession_n which_o no_o man_n deny_v be_v leave_v fair_a to_o interpretation_n either_o way_n i_o speak_v not_o this_o to_o justify_v all_o his_o action_n but_o to_o let_v you_o see_v that_o he_o chief_o insist_v upon_o his_o right_n of_o inheritance_n and_o absolute_o disow_v any_o title_n by_o election_n from_o the_o people_n f._n i_o can_v deny_v the_o matter_n of_o fact_n concern_v king_n richard_n the_o iii_o d_n depose_v his_o nephew_n and_o usurp_a the_o crown_n to_o have_v be_v very_o wicked_a and_o contrary_a to_o the_o receive_a law_n of_o england_n concern_v the_o succession_n at_o that_o time_n and_o likewise_o that_o by_o bastardize_n his_o brother_n the_o late_a king_n issue_n without_o due_a course_n of_o law_n and_o by_o attaint_v the_o blood_n of_o his_o other_o brother_n the_o duke_n of_o clarence_n he_o will_v have_v make_v the_o world_n believe_v that_o he_o be_v lawful_a heir_n by_o right_a of_o blood_n yet_o you_o will_v not_o deny_v but_o that_o for_o all_o this_o he_o be_v so_o sensible_a of_o the_o weakness_n of_o his_o title_n that_o though_o it_o be_v true_a his_o right_n by_o blood_n be_v declare_v in_o the_o first_o place_n in_o that_o act_n of_o recognition_n yet_o it_o be_v plain_a he_o will_v not_o rely_v upon_o that_o alone_a and_o therefore_o you_o see_v the_o parliament_n there_o also_o insist_o upon_o his_o right_n by_o election_n and_o coronation_n which_o they_o will_v never_o have_v do_v have_v it_o not_o be_v that_o they_o look_v upon_o it_o for_o good_a law_n that_o whoever_o be_v crown_v king_n and_o call_v a_o parliament_n and_o have_v his_o title_n therein_o recognize_v and_o confirm_v be_v thenceforth_o true_a and_o lawful_a king_n to_o all_o intent_n and_o purpose_n therefore_o though_o you_o have_v omit_v it_o i_o shall_v proceed_v to_o show_v you_o what_o this_o statute_n also_o far_a declare_v for_o after_o they_o have_v declare_v the_o say_v king_n title_n as_o ground_v upon_o the_o ancient_a law_n and_o laudable_a custom_n of_o the_o realm_n according_a to_o the_o judgement_n of_o all_o such_o person_n as_o be_v learn_v in_o they_o they_o proceed_v thus_o yet_o nevertheless_o for_o as_o much_o as_o it_o be_v consider_v that_o the_o most_o part_n of_o the_o people_n be_v not_o sufficient_o learn_v in_o the_o aforesaid_a law_n and_o custom_n whereby_o truth_n and_o right_n in_o his_o behalf_n of_o likelihood_n may_v be_v have_v and_o not_o clear_o know_v to_o all_o people_n and_o thereupon_o put_v in_o doubt_n and_o question_n and_o over_o this_o how_o that_o the_o court_n of_o parliament_n be_v of_o such_o authority_n that_o a_o declaration_n make_v by_o the_o three_o estate_n and_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o same_o make_v before_o all_o other_o thing_n most_o faithful_a and_o certain_a quiet_v of_o man_n mind_n and_o remove_v the_o occasion_n of_o doubt_n and_o seditious_a language_n therefore_o they_o also_o declare_v that_o he_o be_v the_o undoubted_a king_n whence_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o reason_n of_o this_o law_n suppose_v that_o the_o subject_n in_o general_n be_v not_o capable_a of_o understand_v the_o law_n and_o custom_n upon_o which_o the_o title_n of_o our_o king_n depend_v and_o that_o the_o best_a satisfaction_n that_o the_o generality_n of_o the_o people_n can_v possible_o have_v in_o those_o high_a matter_n be_v to_o rest_v on_o the_o judgement_n and_o determination_n of_o the_o kingdom_n declare_v by_o act_n and_o authority_n of_o parliament_n and_o therein_o to_o acquiesce_v for_o the_o prevent_a sedition_n so_o much_o as_o in_o language_n therefore_o what_o i_o say_v before_o in_o the_o case_n of_o king_n stephen_n be_v also_o true_a in_o this_o quod_fw-la fieri_fw-la non_fw-la debuit_fw-la factum_fw-la valet_fw-la and_o all_o the_o act_n make_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o this_o king_n richard_n though_o â—_o horrid_a usurper_n be_v never_o repeal_v but_o stand_v good_a at_o this_o day_n as_o to_o what_o you_o say_v concern_v the_o manner_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o vii_o this_o come_n to_o the_o crown_n be_v also_o true_a but_o as_o for_o his_o title_n to_o it_o by_o right_a of_o succession_n that_o be_v certain_o false_a for_o his_o mother_n the_o countess_n of_o richmond_n be_v then_o alive_a by_o who_o he_o claim_v the_o crown_n and_o live_v divers_a year_n after_o he_o be_v king_n so_o that_o though_o i_o grant_v that_o it_o be_v recite_v in_o the_o parliament_n roll_n that_o he_o claim_v the_o crown_n in_o parliament_n vii_o tam_fw-la per_fw-la justum_fw-la titulum_fw-la haereditantiae_fw-la quam_fw-la per_fw-la verum_fw-la dei_fw-la judicium_fw-la in_fw-la tribuendo_fw-la sibi_fw-la victoriam_fw-la de_fw-la inimico_fw-la svo_fw-la in_o campo_fw-it though_o the_o latter_a of_o these_o title_n may_v be_v true_a viz._n the_o conquest_n of_o king_n richard_n especial_o when_o once_o he_o be_v confirm_v and_o recognize_v in_o parliament_n yet_o that_o the_o former_a can_v not_o be_v so_o be_v plain_a from_o what_o i_o have_v now_o say_v so_o that_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o king_n henry_n the_o vii_o this_o best_a title_n be_v neither_o by_o inheritance_n nor_o marriage_n with_o the_o princess_n elizabeth_n but_o by_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o unprint_v statute_n itself_o still_o upon_o the_o roll_n which_o since_o you_o do_v not_o repeat_v d._n i_o will_v the_o title_n be_v titulus_fw-la regis_fw-la and_o it_o run_v in_o these_o word_n to_o the_o pleasure_n of_o almighty_n god_n the_o wealth_n prosperity_n and_o surety_n of_o this_o realm_n of_o england_n to_o the_o singular_a comfort_n of_o all_o the_o king_n subject_n of_o the_o same_o and_o in_o avoid_v of_o all_o ambiguity_n and_o question_n be_v it_o ordain_v establish_v and_o enact_v by_o authority_n of_o this_o present_a parliament_n that_o the_o inheritance_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n and_o of_o france_n with_o all_o the_o preeminence_n and_o dignity_n royal_a to_o the_o same_o pertain_v and_o all_o other_o seignoury_n to_o the_o king_n belong_v beyond_o the_o sea_n with_o the_o appurtenance_n thereto_o in_o any_o wise_a due_a or_o pertain_v be_v rest_n remain_z and_o abide_v in_o the_o most_o royal_a person_n of_o our_o now_o sovereign_a lord_n king_n henry_n the_o vii_o the_o and_o in_o the_o heir_n of_o his_o body_n lawful_o come_v perpetual_o with_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n so_o to_o endure_v and_o in_o none_o
childless_a i_o can_v see_v why_o the_o convention_n may_v not_o as_o well_o now_o settle_v the_o crown_n upon_o king_n william_n and_o queen_n mary_n and_o their_o issue_n with_o remainder_n to_o himself_o for_o life_n especial_o since_o he_o have_v also_o another_o title_n of_o his_o own_o to_o confirm_v it_o viz._n that_o of_o a_o conqueror_n over_o king_n james_n and_o our_o deliverer_n from_o his_o arbitrary_a government_n m._n i_o shall_v not_o go_v about_o to_o derogate_v from_o king_n william_n personal_a virtue_n which_o you_o so_o high_o extol_v only_o i_o wish_v i_o may_v not_o prove_v too_o true_a a_o prophet_n since_o that_o be_v not_o the_o main_a question_n between_o we_o i_o shall_v only_o take_v upon_o i_o to_o answer_v in_o the_o first_o place_n what_o you_o have_v urge_v on_o the_o behalf_n of_o king_n william_n pretence_n to_o the_o crown_n as_o a_o conqueror_n over_o king_n james_n and_o deliverer_n of_o the_o nation_n for_o whatsoever_o he_o may_v pretend_v to_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o latter_a i_o be_o sure_a he_o can_v just_o pretend_v to_o the_o former_a since_o sure_o he_o can_v never_o have_v any_o right_n by_o conquest_n who_o express_o set_v forth_o in_o his_o first_o declaration_n that_o he_o only_o come_v to_o obtain_v a_o free_a parliament_n and_o to_o redress_v our_o grievance_n much_o less_o can_v he_o be_v proper_o call_v a_o conqueror_n who_o never_o overcome_v his_o enemy_n in_o any_o pitch_a battle_n but_o by_o false_a story_n make_v the_o king_n army_n desert_n he_o and_o then_o when_o this_o be_v do_v have_v force_v the_o king_n to_o leave_v the_o kingdom_n for_o fear_n he_o have_v in_o the_o day_n of_o his_o power_n by_o these_o mean_v obtain_v the_o crown_n and_o as_o for_o a_o deliverer_n you_o must_v pardon_v i_o if_o i_o can_v think_v he_o so_o since_o i_o be_o not_o yet_o satisfy_v that_o the_o worst_a of_o king_n james_n oppression_n ever_o deserve_v that_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n shall_v take_v the_o pain_n to_o come_v over_o to_o redress_v they_o and_o therefore_o your_o parallel_n between_o your_o king_n title_n and_o that_o of_o henry_n the_o iv_o the_o and_o henry_n the_o vii_o the_o do_v not_o at_o all_o agree_v since_o both_o of_o they_o claim_v not_o so_o much_o by_o conquest_n or_o force_v of_o arm_n as_o by_o a_o pretend_a right_n of_o inheritance_n as_o you_o may_v see_v by_o both_o their_o claim_n and_o as_o for_o henry_n the_o iv_o the_o it_o be_v plain_a he_o look_v upon_o his_o title_n by_o descent_n of_o blood_n have_v be_v allow_v in_o parliament_n to_o be_v so_o good_a that_o for_o the_o first_o seven_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n he_o never_o think_v it_o worth_a while_n to_o pass_v a_o act_n for_o the_o settlement_n of_o the_o crown_n upon_o himself_o and_o his_o issue_n but_o for_o richard_n the_o iii_o d_o and_o henry_n the_o vii_o the_o they_o be_v so_o far_o from_o own_v their_o title_n to_o any_o act_n or_o declaration_n of_o parliament_n that_o they_o first_o clap_v the_o crown_n upon_o their_o own_o head_n and_o after_o they_o have_v do_v it_o they_o immediate_o call_v their_o parliament_n which_o though_o they_o recognise_v their_o title_n yet_o do_v not_o make_v they_o king_n but_o find_v they_o so_o whereas_o the_o convention_n have_v by_o their_o sole_a authority_n make_v the_o prince_n of_o orange_n and_o princess_n king_n and_o queen_n of_o england_n to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o right_a heir_n of_o the_o crown_n f._n i_o doubt_v not_o but_o what_o i_o have_v already_o say_v may_v very_o well_o be_v desended_a notwithstanding_o the_o utmost_a you_o have_v now_o argue_v against_o it_o in_o the_o first_o place_n as_o to_o what_o you_o say_v against_o king_n william_n title_n as_o a_o conqueror_n over_o king_n james_n be_v very_o trivial_a for_o though_o it_o be_v true_a the_o prince_n declare_v before_o he_o come_v over_o that_o his_o come_n be_v for_o no_o other_o end_n but_o to_o obtain_v a_o free_a parliament_n redress_n grievance_n and_o to_o remove_v evil_a councillor_n from_o king_n james_n yet_o that_o be_v still_o to_o be_v understand_v that_o the_o king_n will_v agree_v to_o those_o reasonable_a demand_n the_o prince_n then_o â—aâ—e_a for_o if_o by_o his_o own_o obstinacy_n he_o will_v bring_v thing_n to_o that_o pass_n as_o that_o instead_o of_o redress_v those_o violation_n he_o have_v make_v upon_o our_o fundamental_a law_n he_o raise_v a_o army_n to_o support_v himself_o in_o they_o and_o when_o he_o think_v this_o army_n will_v not_o sight_n in_o his_o so_o bad_a a_o cause_n he_o then_o disband_v it_o and_o by_o that_o as_o well_o as_o the_o desertion_n of_o the_o throne_n own_v himself_o vanquish_v can_v any_o body_n deny_v the_o prince_n of_o orange_n a_o right_n of_o make_v what_o advantage_n he_o can_v of_o his_o success_n and_o therefore_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o that_o the_o prince_n may_v if_o he_o please_v have_v take_v upon_o he_o the_o title_n of_o king_n immediate_o upon_o king_n james_n first_o departure_n and_o have_v summon_v a_o parliament_n to_o recognize_v his_o title_n as_o henry_n the_o vii_o the_o do_v after_o his_o victory_n at_o bosworth_n field_n nor_o will_v this_o have_v make_v he_o a_o conqueror_n over_o the_o kingdom_n since_o he_o never_o make_v war_n against_o it_o but_o come_v to_o deliver_v it_o from_o tyranny_n and_o oppression_n nor_o do_v william_n the_o corquerour_n himself_o by_o his_o victory_n over_o king_n harold_n ever_o pretend_v to_o a_o right_a by_o conquest_n over_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n but_o only_o over_o the_o estate_n and_o person_n of_o those_o who_o have_v fight_v against_o he_o as_o i_o have_v full_o prove_v at_o our_o ten_o meeting_n nor_o do_v henry_n the_o vii_o the_o in_o the_o first_o speech_n he_o make_v to_o the_o parliament_n after_o his_o take_n upon_o he_o the_o crown_n claim_v a_o right_a to_o it_o by_o conquest_n over_o the_o kingdom_n as_o his_o own_o word_n be_v in_o that_o speech_n you_o mention_v to_o this_o first_o parliament_n but_o only_o that_o by_o the_o just_a judgement_n of_o god_n in_o give_v he_o the_o victory_n over_o his_o enemy_n in_o the_o field_n and_o he_o then_o far_o declare_v that_o all_o his_o subject_n of_o whatsoever_o state_n and_o condition_n shall_v enjoy_v their_o land_n and_o good_n to_o they_o and_o their_o heir_n as_o they_o do_v before_o except_o such_o person_n who_o be_v to_o be_v attaint_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n nor_o be_v it_o any_o objection_n against_o his_o right_n by_o conquest_n that_o he_o obtain_v no_o victory_n in_o a_o pitch_a battle_n since_o i_o never_o hear_v or_o read_v that_o to_o make_v a_o prince_n a_o conqueror_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o so_o many_o thousand_o man_n shall_v be_v kill_v upon_o the_o spot_n for_o admit_v the_o adverse_a prince_n against_o who_o he_o fight_v will_v through_o cowardice_n desert_n his_o army_n or_o that_o his_o army_n will_v desert_v he_o either_o through_o fear_n or_o a_o sense_n of_o the_o great_a justice_n of_o the_o adverse_a prince_n cause_n or_o a_o affection_n to_o his_o person_n so_o that_o it_o never_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n yet_o it_o have_v be_v in_o all_o age_n look_v upon_o as_o all_o one_o with_o a_o victory_n as_o i_o can_v show_v you_o from_o several_a example_n in_o history_n and_o particular_o in_o plutarch_n concern_v pyrrhus_n king_n of_o epyrus_n who_o make_v war_n against_o demetrius_n then_o king_n of_o macedon_n pyrri_fw-la and_o both_o army_n be_v encamp_v near_o each_o other_o the_o army_n of_o the_o latter_a forsake_v he_o and_o go_v over_o to_o pyrrhus_n as_o well_o out_o of_o hatred_n to_o he_o as_o esteem_v for_o his_o enemy_n so_o that_o demetrius_n be_v force_v to_o steal_v away_o in_o disguise_n pyrrhus_n thereupon_o be_v immediate_o in_o the_o field_n proclaim_v king_n of_o macedon_n and_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n may_v have_v do_v the_o same_o have_v it_o not_o be_v for_o his_o great_a moderation_n and_o lest_o it_o may_v give_v his_o adversary_n occasion_n to_o traduce_v he_o that_o he_o come_v over_o for_o no_o other_o end_n but_o to_o drive_v the_o king_n out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o therefore_o he_o choose_v rather_o to_o owe_v the_o crown_n to_o the_o free_a act_n of_o the_o nation_n than_o to_o his_o right_n by_o conquest_n over_o king_n james_n but_o yet_o i_o do_v not_o think_v he_o have_v at_o all_o lose_v that_o right_n though_o he_o do_v not_o think_v fit_a for_o fear_n of_o give_v offence_n to_o insist_v upon_o it_o and_o therefore_o certain_o the_o convention_n may_v very_o well_o justify_v the_o settle_v the_o crown_n upon_o his_o highness_n during_o his_o life_n not_o only_o as_o a_o conqueror_n over_o k._n james_n but_o a_o deliverer_n of_o
authority_n since_o beside_o that_o it_o be_v do_v by_o usurpation_n in_o those_o rough_a and_o unsettle_a time_n yet_o i_o believe_v if_o the_o ancient_a writ_n of_o summons_n be_v now_o in_o be_v you_o will_v find_v that_o they_o be_v call_v by_o those_o usurper_n though_o not_o by_o the_o title_n of_o king_n but_o i_o defy_v you_o to_o show_v i_o since_o the_o reign_n of_o edward_n the_o first_o any_o parliament_n ever_o call_v without_o the_o king_n writ_n of_o summons_n and_o though_o upon_o the_o deposition_n of_o edward_n and_o richard_n the_o second_o the_o parliament_n you_o mention_n may_v continue_v to_o sit_v and_o transact_v public_a business_n yet_o be_v it_o during_o a_o plain_a usurpation_n upon_o those_o prince_n who_o you_o yourself_o must_v grant_v to_o have_v be_v unlawful_o depose_v and_o therefore_o we_o find_v upon_o the_o parliament_n roll_v of_o the_o 21_o st_z of_o richard_n the_o second_o that_o a_o act_n of_o the_o first_o of_o edward_n the_o three_o confirm_v the_o judgement_n give_v upon_o the_o two_o spencer_n ii_o be_v not_o only_o repeal_v in_o parliament_n but_o declare_v to_o be_v unlawful_a because_o edward_n the_o second_o be_v live_v and_o true_a king_n be_v imprison_v by_o his_o subject_n at_o the_o time_n of_o that_o very_a parliament_n of_o 1_o edward_n iii_o but_o as_o for_o your_o last_o instance_n of_o a_o convention_n declare_v itself_o a_o parliament_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n charles_n the_o second_o there_o be_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o difference_n between_o they_o and_o the_o present_a convention_n since_o they_o do_v not_o take_v upon_o they_o to_o declare_v or_o make_v a_o king_n as_o this_o convention_n have_v do_v but_o only_a to_o recognize_v he_o to_o be_v their_o lawful_a sovereign_n which_o as_o i_o have_v already_o tell_v you_o be_v that_o which_o be_v their_o duty_n to_o do_v they_o may_v very_o well_o justify_v though_o they_o be_v not_o summon_v by_o the_o king_n writ_n but_o however_o all_o their_o act_n be_v look_v upon_o as_o make_v without_o legal_a authority_n and_o therefore_o be_v confirm_v in_o the_o first_o legal_a parliament_n of_o king_n charles_n reign_n but_o as_o for_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 13_o the_o of_o eliz._n whereby_o you_o will_v prove_v that_o the_o parliament_n have_v at_o this_o day_n power_n to_o alter_v or_o limit_v the_o succession_n of_o the_o crown_n beside_o that_o such_o a_o act_n be_v against_o the_o fundamental_a rule_n of_o succession_n be_v void_a in_o itself_o yet_o if_o you_o please_v to_o look_v upon_o the_o act_n in_o rastal_n statute_n you_o will_v there_o find_v it_o be_v only_o make_v to_o serve_v a_o present_a turn_n and_o to_o keep_v the_o queen_n of_o scot_n and_o her_o party_n from_o enterprize_v any_o thing_n against_o queen_n elizabeth_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v there_o only_o declare_v to_o be_v treason_n during_o the_o queen_n life_n for_o any_o person_n to_o maintain_v that_o the_o queen_n can_v not_o riot_n with_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o parliament_n limit_v the_o succession_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o as_o for_o the_o last_o clause_n that_o make_v it_o forfeiture_n of_o good_n and_o chattel_n to_o maintain_v the_o contrary_a after_o her_o decease_n this_o be_v make_v to_o strengthen_v and_o confirm_v the_o former_a part_n of_o the_o statute_n 40._o which_o be_v a_o provision_n and_o security_n against_o such_o pretence_n and_o practice_n as_o have_v be_v late_o make_v against_o she_o by_o the_o papist_n on_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o queen_n of_o scot_n title_n and_o this_o clause_n can_v not_o take_v effect_n after_o her_o death_n but_o be_v add_v to_o preserve_v queen_n elizabeth_n memory_n from_o be_v defame_v after_o her_o decease_n or_o be_v slanderous_o charge_v with_o the_o heinous_a crime_n of_o usurp_a the_o crown_n which_o must_v have_v be_v the_o inevitable_a consequence_n of_o affirm_v that_o she_o and_o her_o parliament_n can_v not_o limit_v the_o succession_n for_o to_o confess_v the_o truth_n i_o think_v queen_n elizabeth_n best_a title_n be_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n since_o her_o legitimacy_n may_v be_v just_o question_v by_o reason_n that_o her_o mother_n marriage_n be_v declare_v unlawful_a by_o the_o 28_o the_o of_o henry_n the_o viii_o the_o and_o she_o be_v as_o good_a as_o declare_v illegitimate_a by_o her_o father_n in_o that_o very_a act_n that_o settle_v the_o crown_n upon_o she_o but_o that_o this_o statute_n of_o the_o 13_o the_o of_o queen_n elizabeth_n be_v now_o look_v upon_o as_o expire_v appear_v in_o palton_n and_o all_o other_o late_a collection_n of_o the_o statute_n since_o her_o time_n wherein_o the_o title_n of_o the_o statute_n be_v bare_o mention_v with_o exp._n immediate_o follow_v it_o to_o show_v it_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o expire_v so_o that_o you_o be_v mistake_v to_o affirm_v that_o the_o convention_n have_v do_v nothing_o in_o the_o late_a limitation_n of_o the_o crown_n but_o what_o may_v be_v justify_v from_o that_o statute_n therefore_o if_o it_o be_v not_o law_n at_o this_o day_n i_o think_v they_o have_v no_o authority_n to_o alter_v the_o succession_n of_o the_o crown_n from_o the_o right_a line_n let_v they_o be_v of_o what_o religion_n they_o will_v f._n i_o see_v you_o do_v all_o you_o can_v to_o evade_v the_o force_n of_o my_o authority_n from_o history_n and_o direct_a matter_n of_o fact_n and_o therefore_o as_o to_o what_o you_o say_v that_o those_o be_v rough_a and_o unsettle_a and_o therefore_o no_o precedent_n to_o be_v draw_v from_o thence_o this_o be_v to_o beg_v the_o question_n for_o what_o can_v be_v the_o law_n concern_v the_o succession_n of_o the_o crown_n for_o the_o first_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o year_n after_o the_o conquest_n but_o the_o constant_a usage_n of_o the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o nation_n as_o low_a as_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o and_o it_o be_v a_o bold_a assertion_n to_o accuse_v the_o whole_a nation_n of_o perjury_n and_o rebellion_n against_o their_o lawful_a king_n during_o all_o those_o succession_n i_o have_v now_o instance_a in_o nor_o have_v you_o any_o thing_n to_o say_v against_o those_o parliament_n that_o meet_v in_o the_o 1_o st_z of_o king_n edward_n iii_o and_o charles_n the_o ii_o but_o that_o their_o meeting_n be_v lawful_a because_o it_o be_v only_o to_o recognize_v those_o king_n and_o not_o to_o make_v they_o which_o be_v indeed_o to_o beg_v the_o question_n since_o you_o can_v deny_v but_o those_o parliament_n be_v hold_v for_o good_a notwithstanding_o they_o be_v not_o call_v by_o the_o king_n writ_n but_o as_o for_o make_v a_o king_n the_o present_a parliament_n have_v not_o take_v upon_o they_o to_o do_v it_o since_o they_o do_v not_o in_o the_o act_n for_o the_o succession_n elect_a king_n william_n and_o queen_n mary_n to_o be_v our_o lawful_a king_n and_o queen_n but_o only_o declare_v or_o recognize_v they_o to_o be_v so_o upon_o supposition_n that_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n be_v either_o a_o impostor_n or_o else_o his_o legitimacy_n impossible_a to_o be_v try_v and_o determine_v by_o they_o nor_o be_v your_o objection_n material_a against_o the_o authority_n of_o those_o act_n of_o parliament_n which_o be_v make_v in_o the_o 1_o st_z of_o king_n henry_n the_o iv_o the_o and_o charles_n the_o two_o d._n which_o be_v never_o summon_v by_o those_o king_n writ_n for_o as_o to_o the_o first_o of_o those_o instance_n most_o of_o those_o act_n of_o henry_n the_o iv_o the_o stand_v good_a at_o this_o day_n without_o ever_o be_v confirm_v by_o any_o subsequent_a parliament_n and_o though_o i_o grant_v that_o the_o public_a act_n make_v in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o king_n charles_n the_o two_o d._n be_v confirm_v in_o the_o next_o parliament_n of_o that_o king_n yet_o this_o do_v not_o prove_v that_o they_o will_v have_v be_v void_a without_o it_o since_o divers_a private_a act_n pass_v in_o that_o parliament_n which_o be_v never_o confirm_v in_o any_o other_o and_o yet_o be_v hold_v for_o good_a as_o particular_o a_o act_n of_o that_o parliament_n for_o make_v the_o church_n of_o st._n paul_n covent-garden_n parochial_a and_o this_o act_n though_o never_o confirm_v be_v yet_o adjudge_v to_o be_v in_o force_n by_o the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n hales_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o court_n of_o king_n bench_n in_o a_o case_n concern_v rate_n tithe_n between_o the_o minister_n and_o some_o of_o the_o parishioner_n of_o the_o say_a parish_n nor_o be_v what_o you_o have_v now_o say_v to_o prove_v the_o statute_n of_o the_o 13_o the_o of_o queen_n elizabeth_n whereby_o the_o crown_n be_v declare_v capable_a of_o be_v limit_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n to_o be_v now_o expire_v since_o it_o be_v plain_a by_o the_o purport_n of_o the_o
from_o the_o constant_a practice_n of_o those_o time_n that_o the_o king_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la be_v always_o own_a as_o lawful_a sovereign_n and_o have_v allegiance_n still_o pay_v he_o by_o all_o the_o people_n of_o this_o kingdom_n except_o those_o who_o be_v the_o head_n of_o one_o or_o the_o other_o party_n be_v either_o attaint_v or_o else_o force_v to_o â—lye_v the_o kingdom_n but_o as_o for_o all_o other_o though_o different_a and_o contrary_a oath_n of_o allegiance_n be_v impose_v upon_o the_o people_n sometime_o by_o the_o one_o and_o sometime_o by_o the_o other_o of_o those_o king_n according_a as_o they_o get_v possession_n of_o the_o throne_n yet_o i_o can_v no_o where_o find_v that_o ever_o any_o body_n suffer_v for_o bare_o swear_v allegiance_n to_o the_o king_n then_o in_o be_v for_o it_o be_v always_o take_v for_o law_n that_o allegiance_n be_v due_a to_o the_o king_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la since_o ordinary_a subject_n be_v not_o suppose_v to_o understand_v the_o legal_a right_n or_o justice_n of_o the_o king_n title_n m._n i_o must_v still_o say_v that_o there_o be_v some_o colour_n for_o the_o people_n thus_o act_v as_o you_o say_v they_o do_v during_o the_o contest_v for_o the_o crown_n between_o the_o two_o family_n of_o york_n and_o lancaster_n when_o i_o grant_v it_o be_v somewhat_o a_o difficult_a matter_n to_o judge_v which_o of_o the_o two_o have_v the_o best_a right_n to_o the_o crown_n by_o reason_n that_o the_o house_n of_o lancaster_n have_v hold_v it_o for_o three_o descent_n as_o also_o from_o the_o speciousness_n of_o their_o title_n since_o it_o be_v found_v upon_o a_o pretend_a claim_n by_o right_a of_o blood_n upon_o suppose_v that_o edmund_n surname_v cronch-back_a who_o be_v one_o of_o the_o ancestor_n of_o this_o house_n of_o lancaster_n be_v the_o elder_a son_n to_o henry_n the_o three_o which_o have_v it_o be_v true_a will_v have_v give_v henry_n the_o four_o a_o good_a right_n to_o the_o crown_n not_o only_o against_o richard_n the_o second_o but_o his_o own_o grandfather_n edward_n the_o three_o likewise_o have_v he_o be_v then_o alive_a and_o this_o descent_n fall_v out_o long_o before_o the_o memory_n of_o any_o man_n then_o live_v who_o can_v confute_v the_o falsity_n of_o this_o pretend_a pedigree_n the_o people_n of_o england_n may_v very_o well_o be_v excuse_v for_o own_v a_o usurper_n and_o pay_v allegiance_n to_o he_o since_o they_o do_v not_o know_v but_o his_o claim_n may_v have_v be_v right_a especial_o since_o it_o be_v approve_v of_o in_o full_a parliament_n without_o any_o contradiction_n as_o i_o have_v already_o show_v you_o at_o our_o last_o meet_v but_o what_o be_v all_o this_o to_o the_o matter_n now_o in_o debate_n between_o we_o when_o the_o lineal_a succession_n of_o the_o crown_n have_v be_v so_o often_o declare_v to_o be_v the_o only_a mean_n of_o acquire_v a_o just_a title_n to_o it_o and_o every_o one_o know_v very_o well_o who_o be_v own_a for_o lawful_a king_n of_o england_n within_o these_o three_o month_n and_o also_o who_o be_v pray_v for_o in_o all_o our_o church_n as_o his_o son_n and_o heir_n apparent_a and_o therefore_o i_o must_v still_o tell_v you_o that_o your_o parallel_n between_o those_o king_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la of_o the_o house_n of_o lancaster_n and_o those_o prince_n who_o the_o convention_n have_v now_o vote_v to_o fill_v the_o throne_n do_v not_o at_o all_o agree_v since_o every_o subject_a of_o this_o kingdom_n who_o have_v but_o sense_n enough_o to_o go_v to_o market_n can_v very_o well_o tell_v if_o they_o will_v deal_v sincere_o to_o who_o their_o allegiance_n be_v due_a f._n as_o to_o what_o you_o have_v now_o say_v it_o be_v no_o more_o than_o a_o repetition_n of_o what_o you_o have_v already_o urge_v to_o evade_v the_o force_n of_o these_o clear_a authority_n but_o indeed_o it_o be_v all_o one_o when_o a_o prince_n have_v be_v once_o recognize_v for_o lawful_a king_n by_o act_n of_o parliament_n whether_o the_o people_n know_v his_o title_n not_o to_o be_v good_a by_o right_n of_o blood_n or_o not_o and_o this_o i_o have_v plain_o prove_v to_o you_o from_o the_o instance_n of_o richard_n the_o three_o who_o though_o both_o his_o elder_a brother_n child_n be_v then_o alive_a and_o the_o elder_a of_o they_o have_v be_v proclaim_a king_n and_o also_o own_a for_o such_o by_o himself_o and_o who_o title_n he_o have_v also_o swear_v to_o maintain_v in_o his_o brother_n king_n edward_n life_n time_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o clause_n roll_v of_o the_o 11_o of_o edward_n the_o four_o yet_o when_o he_o have_v once_o depose_v he_o and_o have_v call_v a_o parliament_n which_o recognize_v his_o title_n his_o act_n and_o judicial_a proceed_n stand_v good_a at_o this_o day_n and_o though_o he_o himself_o be_v attain_v and_o declare_v a_o tyrant_n and_o a_o usurper_n 1._o yet_o all_o the_o subject_n who_o act_v under_o his_o authority_n and_o have_v take_v a_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n to_o he_o never_o need_v a_o act_n of_o indemnity_n for_o so_o do_v whereas_o those_o that_o come_v over_o with_o henry_n the_o viith_o be_v say_v to_o have_v a_o act_n of_o pardon_n past_a to_o indemnify_v they_o for_o fight_v against_o richard_n the_o three_o as_o i_o have_v now_o show_v you_o and_o though_o this_o parliament_n of_o the_o first_o of_o henry_n the_o seven_o agree_v to_o repeal_v divers_a act_n which_o the_o king_n find_v fault_n with_o yet_o as_o for_o all_o other_o statute_n make_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n richard_n the_o three_o which_o have_v not_o be_v since_o repeal_v they_o be_v still_o in_o force_n without_o any_o confirmation_n likewise_o when_o henry_n the_o seven_o have_v prevail_v over_o richard_n the_o three_o and_o that_o he_o be_v slay_v in_o the_o field_n though_o all_o the_o nation_n very_o well_o know_v that_o henry_n the_o seven_o can_v not_o be_v heir_n of_o the_o house_n of_o lancaster_n because_o his_o mother_n be_v then_o alive_a and_o have_v never_o formal_o give_v up_o her_o right_n if_o she_o have_v any_o as_o certain_o she_o can_v have_v none_o as_o be_v descend_v from_o john_n earl_n of_o somerset_n who_o be_v base_a son_n to_o john_n of_o gaunt_n duke_n of_o lancaster_n by_o catherine_n swinford_n whilst_o his_o wife_n be_v alive_a and_o though_o i_o grant_v after_o his_o marriage_n with_o the_o say_v catherine_n the_o child_n bear_v of_o that_o bed_n be_v make_v legitimate_a by_o act_n of_o parliament_n in_o the_o 20_o of_o richard_n the_o second_o yet_o that_o legitimation_n only_o respect_v such_o private_a privilege_n and_o inheritance_n which_o they_o may_v enjoy_v or_o succeed_v to_o as_o subject_n and_o not_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o crown_n the_o succession_n of_o which_o they_o be_v express_o declare_v uncapable_a of_o by_o that_o very_a act_n of_o legitimation_n iiid_n still_o to_o be_v see_v upon_o the_o parliament_n roll._n but_o for_o all_o this_o when_o henry_n the_o seven_o have_v call_v a_o parliament_n and_o be_v therein_o recognise_v for_o their_o lawful_a sovereign_n and_o that_o the_o crown_n be_v settle_v by_o statute_n on_o the_o king_n and_o heir_n of_o his_o body_n without_o any_o mention_n of_o the_o princess_n elizabeth_n who_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v queen_n by_o right_a of_o blood_n yet_o none_o of_o the_o subject_n of_o this_o kingdom_n as_o i_o can_v find_v ever_o scruple_v to_o swear_v allegiance_n to_o he_o before_o ever_o he_o marry_v that_o princess_n though_o they_o as_o well_o know_v that_o he_o can_v have_v no_o right_n by_o blood_n as_o you_o can_v suppose_v that_o the_o people_n at_o this_o day_n can_v know_v whether_o king_n james_n have_v abdicate_v or_o forfeit_v the_o crown_n or_o not_o or_o whether_o your_o prince_n of_o wales_n be_v his_o true_a and_o lawful_a son_n for_o since_o they_o be_v both_o nice_a and_o difficult_a point_n and_o have_v be_v determine_v by_o the_o convention_n the_o supreme_a judge_n in_o this_o case_n in_o favour_n of_o their_o present_a majesty_n and_o that_o they_o also_o recognize_v their_o title_n after_o they_o become_v a_o parliament_n i_o can_v see_v no_o manner_n of_o reason_n why_o all_o the_o subject_n of_o this_o kingdom_n may_v not_o as_o well_o justify_v their_o take_v this_o new_a oath_n of_o allegiance_n to_o they_o notwithstanding_o their_o former_a oath_n of_o allegiance_n to_o king_n james_n and_o his_o right_a heir_n as_o well_o as_o the_o people_n of_o england_n can_v justify_v their_o take_v a_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n to_o henry_n the_o seven_o notwithstanding_o their_o former_a oath_n to_o edward_n the_o four_o and_o his_o right_a heir_n before_o ever_o henry_n the_o seven_o have_v marry_v the_o princess_n elizabeth_n the_o heiress_n of_o the_o crown_n especial_o since_o this_o act_n of_o the_o 11_o of_o henry_n the_o
nation_n as_o i_o have_v already_o sufficient_o make_v out_o and_o therefore_o though_o i_o grant_v that_o all_o legal_a authority_n ought_v still_o to_o go_v according_a to_o just_a or_o rightful_a title_n 26._o yet_o since_o god_n make_v no_o king_n at_o this_o day_n â—ut_fw-la those_o who_o be_v make_v king_n by_o some_o humane_a act_n and_o have_v a_o legal_a right_n to_o kingship_n by_o some_o humane_a law_n now_o how_o can_v you_o prove_v from_o hence_o that_o in_o england_n none_o can_v have_v a_o legal_a right_n to_o govern_v but_o those_o who_o have_v the_o rightful_a title_n of_o a_o lineal_a succession_n for_o if_o the_o title_n alone_o do_v not_o confer_v the_o the_o authority_n but_o that_o the_o law_n say_v a_o legal_a investiture_n by_o coronation_n and_o recognition_n by_o parliament_n shall_v also_o confer_v it_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o a_o hereditary_a title_n and_o a_o legal_a authority_n may_v be_v separate_v and_o yet_o the_o authority_n continue_v legal_a still_o for_o legal_a authority_n must_v be_v convey_v in_o such_o manner_n and_o by_o such_o form_n as_o the_o law_n have_v prescribe_v or_o appoint_v to_o that_o purpose_n for_o there_o be_v no_o other_o way_n of_o convey_v it_o and_o then_o that_o authority_n which_o be_v so_o give_v in_o form_n of_o law_n and_o that_o only_o be_v the_o legal_a authority_n if_o then_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o realm_n who_o be_v the_o only_a proper_a judge_n of_o such_o dispute_n have_v adjudge_v the_o crown_n to_o one_o who_o we_o will_v at_o present_a suppose_n to_o have_v no_o antecedent_n legal_a title_n to_o it_o yet_o he_o thereby_o become_v legal_o possess_v not_o only_o of_o the_o external_a force_n and_o power_n but_o of_o the_o legal_a authority_n of_o the_o government_n also_o and_o therefore_o he_o may_v challenge_v as_o his_o due_n all_o legal_a obedience_n which_o be_v the_o true_a notion_n of_o allegiance_n for_o nothing_o more_o than_o legal_a obedience_n can_v be_v due_a to_o a_o mere_a legal_a authority_n so_o that_o because_o he_o be_v invest_v with_o the_o legal_a authority_n the_o crown_n be_v his_o legal_a property_n against_o all_o other_o claim_n and_o his_o subject_n must_v defend_v he_o in_o it_o as_o the_o legal_a property_n of_o private_a person_n be_v once_o determine_v by_o judgement_n of_o inferior_a court_n of_o law_n be_v also_o to_o be_v defend_v by_o the_o civil_a power_n against_o the_o force_n of_o he_o who_o perhaps_o may_v have_v the_o better_a title_n to_o the_o estate_n by_o right_a of_o blood_n and_o if_o god_n make_v king_n by_o humane_a act_n i_o hope_v it_o be_v no_o injustice_n in_o god_n to_o make_v he_o a_o king_n who_o the_o law_n make_v a_o king_n and_o to_o enjoin_v our_o obedience_n to_o a_o legal_a king_n which_o legal_a authority_n may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v annex_v to_o the_o legal_a title_n while_o there_o be_v no_o legal_a judgement_n against_o it_o which_o be_v not_o the_o case_n of_o queen_n mary_n and_o the_o lady_n jane_n her_o competitor_n nor_o yet_o of_o king_n charles_n the_o second_o and_o oliver_n cromwell_n since_o neither_o the_o one_o '_o or_o the_o other_o be_v ever_o crown_v or_o acknowledge_v as_o lawful_a queen_n or_o king_n by_o parliament_n and_o therefore_o can_v obtain_v no_o legal_a title_n against_o the_o right_a heir_n but_o on_o the_o other_o side_n when_o one_o be_v solemn_o declare_v king_n or_o queen_n be_v crown_v or_o place_v on_o the_o throne_n by_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o realm_n he_o be_v then_o legal_a king_n and_o have_v the_o legal_a authority_n as_o the_o royal_a estate_n and_o dignity_n be_v own_v to_o be_v in_o henry_n the_o vith_o when_o the_o duke_n of_o york_n claim_v the_o right_n to_o the_o crown_n m._n i_o be_o not_o yet_o convince_v i_o be_o mistake_v in_o this_o matter_n for_o wave_v at_o present_a any_o natural_a or_o divine_a right_n of_o prince_n i_o think_v this_o act_n of_o henry_n the_o viith_o if_o suppose_v to_o be_v now_o in_o force_n be_v no_o way_n to_o be_v reconcile_v with_o the_o former_a declare_a law_n and_o statute_n of_o the_o kingdom_n much_o less_o can_v this_o last_o pretend_a act_n of_o recognition_n of_o king_n william_n and_o queen_n mary_n reverse_v the_o statute_n of_o recognition_n make_v to_o king_n james_n the_o first_o whereby_o the_o parliament_n do_v not_o only_o own_v he_o for_o true_a and_o lawful_a king_n by_o descent_n from_o henry_n the_o viith_o and_o edward_n the_o ivth_o but_o also_o engage_v themselves_o and_o their_o posterity_n to_o his_o majesty_n and_o his_o royal_a progeny_n for_o ever_o and_o they_o do_v likewise_o conclude_v in_o these_o word_n i_o have_v not_o yet_o mention_v which_o act_n if_o your_o majesty_n shall_v be_v please_v as_o a_o argument_n of_o your_o gracious_a acceptation_n to_o adorn_v with_o your_o majesty_n royal_a assent_n without_o which_o it_o can_v neither_o be_v complete_a and_o perfect_a nor_o remain_v to_o all_o posterity_n according_a to_o our_o most_o humble_a desire_n as_o a_o memorial_n of_o your_o princely_a and_o tender_a affection_n towards_o we_o we_o shall_v add_v this_o also_o to_o the_o rest_n of_o our_o majesty_n unspeakable_a and_o inestimable_a benefit_n here_o they_o plain_o acknowledge_v these_o two_o thing_n first_o that_o the_o crown_n descend_v by_o proximity_n of_o blood_n and_o that_o immediate_o even_o before_o any_o ceremony_n of_o coronation_n or_o otherwise_o so_o that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o inter-regnum_a or_o vacancy_n of_o the_o throne_n and_o according_o it_o be_v a_o maxim_n in_o law_n that_o rex_fw-la non_fw-la meritur_fw-la second_o that_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o king_n be_v that_o which_o give_v the_o life_n be_v and_o vigour_n to_o the_o law_n without_o which_o they_o be_v of_o no_o force_n therefore_o i_o shall_v plain_o prove_v these_o act_n to_o the_o contrary_a to_o be_v void_a it_o be_v a_o maxim_n in_o our_o civil_a as_o well_o as_o your_o common_a law_n '_o that_n every_o sâ—natus-consultum_a or_o decree_n of_o the_o senate_n as_o also_o every_o statute_n or_o act_n of_o parliament_n must_v be_v abrogate_a and_o repeal_v by_o the_o same_o authority_n by_o which_o it_o be_v make_v since_o therefore_o that_o act_n of_o the_o first_o of_o edward_n the_o ivth_o whereby_o he_o be_v declare_v to_o be_v lawful_a king_n as_o descend_v from_o lâ—â—nel_n duke_n of_o clarence_n three_o son_n of_o edward_n the_o three_o by_o philippe_n his_o daughter_n and_o heir_n and_o that_o henry_n the_o four_o and_o henry_n the_o six_o who_o have_v successive_o hold_v the_o crown_n be_v usurper_n and_o only_o pretend_a king_n it_o will_v necessary_o follow_v that_o none_o can_v after_o this_o so_o solemn_a law_n and_o declaration_n lawful_o succeed_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o this_o realm_n but_o such_o as_o have_v a_o true_a and_o just_a right_a as_o heir_n by_o blood_n according_a to_o the_o course_n of_o descent_n allow_v of_o by_o the_o common_a law_n of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o therefore_o henry_n the_o viith_o be_v a_o usurper_n and_o enjoy_v no_o more_o than_o a_o matrimonial_a crown_n can_v not_o join_v with_o a_o parliament_n in_o make_v any_o law_n contrary_a to_o that_o of_o the_o first_o of_o edward_n the_o ivth_o which_o have_v be_v so_o solemn_o pass_v and_o settle_v in_o parliament_n by_o a_o king_n who_o title_n be_v by_o descent_n indisputable_a so_o likewise_o in_o the_o matter_n now_o in_o dispute_n between_o we_o i_o can_v never_o apprehend_v how_o a_o pretend_a statute_n make_v in_o a_o convention_n and_o not_o in_o a_o lawful_a parliament_n summon_v by_o the_o king_n can_v first_o declare_v the_o throne_n vacant_a and_o then_o appoint_v those_o to_o fill_v it_o who_o certain_o can_v have_v no_o just_a title_n to_o it_o according_a to_o that_o act_n of_o recognition_n of_o king_n james_n which_o express_o declare_v that_o they_o themselves_o can_v not_o have_v make_v that_o act_n to_o be_v complete_a and_o perfect_a to_o remain_v to_o all_o posterity_n without_o his_o royal_a assent_n which_o be_v once_o past_a into_o a_o law_n by_o a_o king_n who_o title_n be_v indisputable_a can_v never_o afterward_o be_v alter_v if_o ever_o it_o can_v be_v at_o all_o but_o by_o a_o parliament_n as_o legal_o call_v and_o that_o by_o a_o king_n who_o title_n be_v also_o as_o legal_a as_o that_o of_o king_n james_n the_o first_o be_v this_o objection_n though_o i_o have_v often_o urge_v in_o other_o word_n yet_o can_v i_o never_o yet_o obtain_v a_o satisfactory_a answer_n from_o you_o f._n though_o i_o have_v already_o in_o part_n answer_v this_o objection_n at_o our_o last_o meeting_n and_o have_v also_o partly_o do_v it_o already_o in_o this_o yet_o since_o i_o see_v you_o so_o much_o insist_v upon_o it_o and_o do_v also_o urge_v it_o again_o in_o other_o word_n with_o a_o fresh_a
in_o law_n since_o we_o find_v by_o the_o whole_a course_n both_o of_o law_n and_o history_n that_o the_o statute_n make_v by_o king_n de_fw-mi facto_fw-la be_v as_o true_o and_o as_o much_o law_n as_o those_o make_v by_o your_o king_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la and_o attainder_n for_o treason_n commit_v against_o they_o have_v be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v declare_v void_a that_o they_o can_v not_o be_v reverse_v by_o any_o other_o mean_n than_o by_o particular_a act_n of_o parliament_n make_v for_o that_o purpose_n as_o i_o have_v already_o show_v you_o from_o divers_a instance_n both_o from_o history_n and_o record_n nor_o be_v your_o exception_n against_o the_o present_a parliament_n not_o be_v call_v by_o the_o king_n write_v of_o any_o force_n since_o i_o have_v already_o prove_v at_o our_o last_o meeting_n from_o the_o example_n of_o the_o great_a council_n that_o assemble_v to_o recognize_v and_o ordain_v edward_n the_o first_o to_o be_v king_n when_o he_o be_v in_o the_o holy-land_n as_o also_o by_o the_o parliament_n of_o edward_n and_o richard_n the_o second_o by_o which_o they_o be_v depose_v and_o edward_n the_o three_o and_o henry_n the_o four_o declare_v to_o be_v their_o successor_n that_o those_o parliament_n can_v not_o be_v summon_v by_o those_o prince_n who_o they_o so_o recognise_v and_o therefore_o though_o they_o be_v call_v by_o the_o writ_n of_o the_o former_a king_n yet_o their_o authority_n determine_v as_o to_o be_v the_o parliament_n of_o that_o king_n that_o call_v they_o upon_o his_o cease_v to_o be_v king_n and_o therefore_o must_v owe_v their_o sit_v long_o whole_o to_o the_o authority_n of_o he_o they_o have_v already_o declare_v king_n who_o presence_n and_o authority_n be_v then_o look_v upon_o as_o sufficient_a to_o give_v they_o power_n to_o sit_v and_o make_v law_n with_o the_o succeed_a king_n though_o they_o be_v never_o summon_v by_o he_o to_o these_o parliament_n i_o may_v add_v that_o of_o the_o first_o of_o king_n charles_n the_o second_o which_o call_v home_o the_o king_n and_o after_o his_o return_n make_v several_a statute_n both_o public_a and_o private_a which_o stand_v good_a to_o this_o day_n so_o that_o to_o conclude_v you_o have_v no_o reason_n either_o from_o law_n or_o history_n to_o maintain_v that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o vacancy_n of_o the_o throne_n or_o that_o none_o can_v be_v declare_v king_n or_o queen_n but_o in_o a_o parliament_n summon_v by_o the_o writ_n of_o that_o prince_n who_o title_n they_o be_v to_o recognize_v m._n i_o shall_v not_o deny_v the_o matter_n of_o fact_n to_o have_v be_v as_o you_o lay_v they_o as_o to_o the_o great_a council_n or_o parliament_n you_o mention_v but_o in_o answer_n to_o this_o you_o may_v remember_v that_o as_o for_o those_o parliament_n call_v in_o the_o name_n of_o edward_n or_o richard_n the_o second_o there_o be_v no_o procedent_fw-la to_o be_v draw_v from_o they_o because_o they_o serve_v only_o to_o depose_v their_o lawful_a king_n and_o to_o set_v up_o those_o who_o have_v no_o right_n at_o least_o as_o long_o as_o they_o live_v and_o you_o very_o well_o know_v that_o any_o coersive_a power_n in_o the_o two_o house_n of_o parliament_n over_o the_o king_n be_v express_o renounce_v and_o declare_v against_o in_o the_o parliament_n of_o the_o thirteen_o of_o k._n charles_n the_o second_o as_o i_o have_v already_o show_v you_o but_o as_o for_o the_o convention_n which_o be_v call_v in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o that_o king_n i_o have_v also_o give_v you_o my_o judgement_n of_o it_o that_o though_o they_o may_v lawful_o meet_v to_o vote_n the_o return_n of_o their_o lawful_a sovereign_n and_o to_o recognize_v his_o title_n yet_o be_v they_o not_o for_o all_o that_o a_o lawful_a parliament_n as_o to_o the_o raise_n of_o money_n or_o make_v of_o law_n and_o therefore_o what_o ever_o they_o do_v to_o both_o these_o they_o be_v fain_o to_o be_v confirm_v by_o the_o parliament_n of_o the_o 13_o i_o now_o mention_v but_o indeed_o i_o can_v but_o admire_v as_o this_o mongrel_n hodge_fw-mi podge_fw-mi course_n of_o succession_n which_o you_o now_o suppose_v to_o take_v place_n in_o england_n for_o you_o can_v deny_v but_o the_o crown_n be_v hereditary_a and_o have_v be_v always_o claim_v as_o such_o for_o near_o 500_o year_n and_o yet_o for_o all_o that_o when_o ever_o a_o usurper_n and_o a_o parliament_n shall_v agree_v together_o he_o to_o take_v the_o crown_n by_o force_n and_o they_o to_o recognize_v his_o title_n as_o soon_o as_o he_o please_v to_o call_v they_o he_o must_v then_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o a_o lawful_a king_n and_o the_o just_a and_o rightful_a title_n of_o the_o true_a king_n or_o lawful_a heir_n of_o the_o crown_n shall_v be_v so_o far_o destroy_v as_o that_o allegiance_n must_v be_v due_a to_o this_o usurper_n though_o perhaps_o he_o obtain_v the_o crown_n by_o the_o most_o horrid_a villainy_n in_o the_o world_n as_o the_o depose_n and_o murder_v of_o his_o lawful_a sovereign_n as_o henry_n the_o ivth_o do_v and_o which_o will_v also_o have_v be_v the_o case_n of_o oliver_n cromwell_n have_v he_o ever_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o title_n of_o king_n so_o that_o be_v to_o set_v on_o foot_n at_o once_o two_o contrary_a legal_a right_n a_o legal_a right_n and_o title_n to_o the_o crown_n by_o descent_n of_o blood_n without_o a_o right_a to_o exercise_v the_o authority_n belong_v to_o a_o king_n and_o a_o legal_a right_n to_o wear_v the_o crown_n and_o exercise_v the_o authority_n belong_v to_o it_o without_o any_o antecedent_n legal_a right_n to_o the_o crown_n itself_o which_o will_v indeed_o render_v the_o legal_a authority_n in_o england_n to_o be_v like_o the_o right_a that_o man_n have_v to_o those_o creature_n that_o be_v ferae_fw-la naturae_fw-la which_o belong_v to_o he_o who_o can_v get_v they_o into_o his_o power_n for_o as_o to_o the_o consent_n or_o recognition_n of_o parliament_n i_o look_v upon_o that_o as_o a_o mere_a â—auble_n since_o yourself_o can_v show_v i_o any_o usurper_n since_o the_o conquest_n though_o never_o so_o wicked_a and_o notorious_a who_o ever_o fail_v to_o have_v his_o title_n so_o recognize_v and_o confirm_v by_o parliament_n as_o you_o yourself_o can_v deny_v which_o methinks_v be_v a_o high_a derogation_n from_o the_o dignity_n of_o a_o true_a hereditary_a monarchy_n such_o as_o we_o either_o be_v or_o at_o least_o ought_v to_o be_v f._n i_o shall_v reply_v but_o this_o once_o upon_o this_o head_n since_o i_o see_v there_o can_v be_v nothing_o new_o say_v upon_o it_o and_o therefore_o you_o yourself_o be_v forâ—ed_v to_o repeat_v what_o you_o have_v already_o â—urged_v at_o our_o last_o meet_v only_o you_o strive_v to_o support_v it_o by_o fresh_a authority_n therefore_o as_o to_o the_o parliament_n which_o depose_a king_n edward_n and_o richard_n the_o second_o i_o can_v blame_v you_o for_o deny_v they_o to_o be_v lawful_a precedent_n because_o they_o make_v direct_o against_o your_o opinion_n but_o you_o say_v nothing_o to_o that_o of_o the_o first_o great_a council_n or_o parliament_n of_o edward_n the_o first_o which_o not_o only_o ordain_v he_o shall_v be_v king_n but_o also_o appoint_v all_o the_o great_a officer_n of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o be_v to_o govern_v it_o in_o his_o absence_n but_o you_o may_v deny_v the_o authority_n of_o those_o parliament_n of_o the_o first_o of_o edward_n the_o three_o and_o first_o of_o henry_n the_o four_o as_o much_o as_o you_o please_v in_o a_o chamber_n but_o if_o you_o shall_v do_v the_o like_a at_o westminster-hall_n against_o any_o act_n of_o parliament_n because_o make_v whilst_o edward_n or_o richard_n the_o second_o be_v live_v you_o will_v soon_o be_v overrule_v and_o tell_v that_o those_o law_n have_v still_o continue_v in_o force_n and_o unrepeal_v and_o it_o do_v not_o belong_v to_o private_a man_n to_o question_v those_o act_n that_o have_v be_v hitherto_o receive_v for_o law_n but_o as_o for_o what_o you_o have_v say_v against_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o act_n of_o that_o parliament_n that_o bring_v in_o the_o king_n i_o have_v already_o prove_v that_o they_o be_v only_o confirm_v 〈…〉_z cantela_fw-mi and_o that_o they_o have_v be_v good_a without_o it_o appear_v by_o this_o that_o all_o their_o private_a act_n though_o never_o confirm_v in_o the_o follow_a parliament_n be_v still_o in_o force_n but_o if_o the_o solemn_a recognition_n of_o a_o king_n title_n by_o parliament_n be_v such_o a_o bauble_n and_o so_o easy_o obtain_v as_o you_o suppose_v i_o may_v say_v the_o same_o of_o that_o act_n which_o recognized_a king_n james_n the_o fir_v title_n that_o it_o be_v do_v mere_o out_o of_o flattery_n upon_o his_o accession_n to_o the_o crown_n nor_o can_v you_o reply_v that_o they_o may_v do_v this_o because_o he_o
he_o not_o only_a gratitude_n and_o respect_n as_o a_o parent_n but_o also_o obedience_n in_o all_o indifferent_a thing_n yet_o i_o deny_v that_o this_o power_n or_o superiority_n of_o adam_n over_o his_o wife_n and_o child_n be_v at_o all_o a_o despotical_a or_o civil_a power_n but_o mere_o oeconomical_a for_o the_o good_a and_o convenience_n of_o adam_n and_o the_o well_o order_v and_o preservation_n of_o his_o family_n which_o you_o will_v easy_o grant_v if_o you_o please_v to_o consider_v what_o be_v the_o essential_a difference_n of_o civil_a government_n from_o oeconomical_a now_o the_o essential_a property_n of_o civil_a government_n consist_v in_o preserve_v and_o defend_v the_o subject_n both_o in_o war_n and_o peace_n from_o foreign_a enemy_n and_o intestine_a injurieâ—_n and_o invasion_n of_o man_n person_n or_o property_n and_o in_o revenge_v and_o punish_v all_o such_o transgression_n by_o death_n or_o other_o punishment_n and_o consequent_o in_o make_v law_n concern_v property_n and_o for_o restrain_v all_o robbery_n murder_n and_o the_o like_a now_o in_o the_o state_n of_o innocency_n there_o can_v be_v no_o need_n of_o any_o of_o these_o essential_a function_n of_o civil_a power_n for_o yourself_o must_v grant_v that_o man_n be_v then_o not_o apt_a to_o sin_n and_o immortal_a so_o that_o all_o law_n about_o peach_n or_o war_n punishment_n of_o offence_n public_a judgement_n concern_v meum_fw-la &_o tuum_fw-la and_o all_o injury_n be_v absolute_o needless_a and_o have_v never_o be_v in_o nature_n if_o adam_n have_v not_o sin_v and_o then_o how_o you_o can_v call_v this_o authority_n or_o superiority_n which_o i_o grant_v adam_n have_v over_o his_o wife_n and_o child_n civil_a power_n i_o can_v by_o no_o mean_n understand_v but_o i_o do_v utter_o deny_v that_o even_o after_o the_o fall_n adam_n be_v a_o monarch_n or_o sole_a and_o absolute_a lord_n over_o the_o whole_a earth_n and_o all_o creature_n therein_o contain_v and_o desire_v you_o to_o give_v i_o such_o plain_a proof_n of_o it_o either_o from_o reason_n or_o scripture_n that_o i_o need_v no_o more_o doubt_n of_o it_o than_o yourself_o m._n i_o shall_v first_o of_o all_o give_v you_o a_o argument_n draw_v from_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o thing_n and_o in_o the_o next_o place_n the_o authority_n of_o scripture_n for_o my_o opinion_n and_o first_o i_o think_v it_o be_v evident_a that_o every_o man_n that_o be_v bear_v be_v so_o â—at_a from_o be_v free_a that_o by_o his_o very_a birth_n he_o become_v a_o subject_a of_o he_o that_o beget_v he_o and_o even_o grotiâ—â—_n hâ—mself_n acknowledge_v that_o generatione_n â—us_fw-la acquiritur_fw-la in_o liberos_fw-la and_o indeed_o the_o act_n of_o beget_v be_v that_o which_o make_v a_o man_n a_o father_n his_o right_n of_o a_o father_n over_o his_o child_n can_v natural_o arise_v from_o nothing_o else_o and_o the_o same_o author_n in_o another_o plâ—ce_n have_v these_o word_n upon_o the_o four_o commandment_n parentum_fw-la nomine_fw-la qui_fw-la naturales_fw-la luns_fw-la magistraus_fw-la etiam_fw-la alios_fw-la rectores_fw-la par_fw-fr est_fw-la iutelligi_fw-la quorum_fw-la authoritas_fw-la sociâ—tatem_fw-la humanam_fw-la continet_fw-la and_o if_o parent_n be_v natural_a magistrate_n child_n must_v needs_o he_o bear_v natural_a subject_n so_o that_o not_o only_a adam_n but_o the_o succeed_a patriarch_n have_v by_o right_a of_o fatherhood_n regal_a authority_n over_o their_o child_n as_o may_v 〈◊〉_d by_o divers_a testimony_n out_o of_o scripture_n and_o therefore_o at_o be_v very_o reasonable_a that_o all_o father_n shall_v have_v a_o power_n over_o the_o live_v of_o their_o child_n since_o it_o be_v to_o they_o that_o they_o owe_v their_o life_n be_v and_o education_n and_o i_o think_v that_o even_o the_o power_n which_o god_n himself_o exercise_v over_o mankind_n be_v by_o right_o of_o fatherhood_n f._n before_o you_o come_v to_o scripture_n give_v i_o leave_v in_o the_o first_o place_n to_o examine_v your_o first_o argument_n which_o you_o deduce_v from_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n or_o reason_n for_o i_o doubt_v if_o you_o please_v better_a to_o consider_v of_o it_o you_o will_v and_o that_o so_o light_a and_o transitory_a an_z action_n as_o that_o of_o generation_n cannoâ—_n give_v any_o man_n a_o absolute_a property_n and_o dominion_n over_o the_o person_n and_o â—â—fe_n of_o those_o who_o he_o beget_v since_o sew_v man_n do_v principal_o intend_v the_o give_v of_o a_o be_v to_o another_o so_o much_o as_o they_o do_v their_o own_o pleasure_n in_o that_o action_n nor_o do_v we_o owe_v our_o life_n proper_o speak_v to_o our_o parent_n but_o to_o god_n who_o be_v the_o true_a and_o original_a cause_n of_o our_o be_v though_o it_o be_v true_a he_o make_v use_v of_o our_o parent_n as_o physical_a though_o not_o as_o moral_a mean_n or_o instrument_n for_o that_o end_n since_o it_o do_v not_o lie_v in_o their_o power_n to_o hinder_v their_o generate_a of_o child_n if_o they_o perform_v the_o act_n necessary_a thereunto_o so_o that_o both_o the_o antecedent_n and_o the_o consequent_a be_v altogether_o false_a viz._n that_o parent_n give_v their_o child_n life_n and_o be_v and_o that_o therefore_o they_o have_v and_o absolute_a power_n over_o their_o life_n and_o person_n which_o if_o it_o be_v true_a will_v give_v the_o mother_n a_o equal_a title_n to_o the_o life_n of_o the_o child_n as_o the_o father_n see_v they_o owe_v their_o life_n as_o much_o to_o the_o one_o as_o the_o other_o which_o power_n in_o the_o mother_n i_o be_o sure_a you_o will_v not_o admit_v of_o but_o as_o for_o what_o you_o say_v concern_v the_o power_n of_o father_n arise_v from_o education_n though_o i_o confess_v that_o be_v a_o much_o better_a title_n than_o the_o other_o yet_o do_v it_o not_o follow_v that_o because_o by_o reason_n of_o my_o parent_n care_v of_o i_o before_o i_o be_v able_a to_o help_v myself_o i_o owe_v my_o preservation_n and_o well_o be_v to_o they_o that_o therefore_o they_o be_v to_o be_v perpetual_a and_o absolule_a lord_n over_o my_o person_n and_o life_n since_o by_o thus_o breed_v i_o up_o they_o only_o perform_v that_o duty_n and_o trust_v which_o god_n have_v lay_v upon_o they_o for_o the_o good_a and_o preservation_n of_o mank_v and_o which_o they_o can_v not_o without_o commit_v a_o sin_n either_o refuse_n or_o decline_v and_o therefore_o their_o authority_n or_o power_n over_o my_o person_n be_v only_o for_o my_o well-being_n can_v extend_v no_o far_o tan_o whilst_o i_o be_o not_o of_o year_n of_o discretion_n to_o understand_v the_o true_a mean_n of_o my_o own_o good_a and_o preservation_n and_o though_o i_o grant_v that_o i_o be_o bind_v in_o gratitude_n to_o return_v this_o care_n and_o kindness_n by_o all_o act_n of_o duty_n and_o piety_n towards_o they_o as_o long_o i_o live_v yet_o do_v it_o not_o therefore_o follow_v thar_z they_o be_v master_n of_o my_o life_n and_o of_o all_o that_o i_o have_v since_o this_o be_v to_o take_v away_o more_o than_o they_o themselves_o ever_o give_v and_o though_o i_o shall_v grant_v you_o that_o even_o the_o power_n which_o god_n himself_o exercise_v over_o mankind_n be_v by_o right_o of_o fatherhood_n yet_o this_o fatherhood_n be_v such_o 69._o as_o utter_o exclude_v all_o pretence_n of_o title_n in_o earthly_a parent_n for_o he_o be_v our_o king_n because_o he_o be_v indeed_o maker_n of_o we_o all_o which_o no_o natural_a parent_n can_v pretend_v to_o be_v of_o their_o child_n but_o if_o you_o please_v more_o close_o to_o consider_v your_o own_o argument_n you_o will_v find_v that_o he_o will_v quite_o destroy_v your_o hypothesis_n for_o if_o all_o father_n have_v a_o absolute_a power_n over_o their_o child_n by_o generation_n than_o adam_n can_v only_o have_v power_n over_o his_o own_o child_n which_o he_o beget_v and_o none_o at_o all_o over_o his_o grandchild_n since_o their_o father_n by_o this_o argument_n of_o generation_n ought_v to_o have_v have_v the_o same_o power_n over_o their_o child_n which_o adam_n have_v over_o they_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n so_o that_o this_o monarchical_a power_n of_o adam_n as_o a_o father_n can_v extend_v no_o far_o than_o one_o generation_n m._n i_o shall_v not_o further_o urge_v this_o argument_n of_o generation_n since_o i_o see_v you_o be_v not_o satisfy_v with_o it_o but_o this_o much_o i_o think_v i_o can_v clear_o prove_v from_o scripture_n that_o adam_n be_v lord_n over_o the_o person_n and_o life_n of_o his_o wife_n and_o child_n by_o virtue_n of_o that_o command_n which_o god_n give_v eve_n gen._n 3._o v._n 16._o unto_o the_o woman_n he_o say_v i_o will_v great_o mutilply_v thy_o sorrow_n and_o thy_o conception_n in_o sorrow_n thou_o shall_v bring_v forth_o child_n and_o thy_o desire_n shall_v be_v to_o thy_o husband_n and_o he_o shall_v rule_v over_o thou_o from_o which_o word_n it_o
or_o not_o m._n i_o thank_v you_o for_o the_o pain_n you_o have_v take_v to_o inform_v my_o understanding_n in_o this_o matter_n and_o therefore_o since_o it_o be_v now_o very_o late_o i_o desire_v we_o may_v adjourn_v our_o conversation_n to_o another_o time_n and_o then_o i_o desire_v that_o you_o will_v prepare_v yourself_o to_o discourse_n with_o i_o of_o the_o second_o important_a question_n we_o agree_v on_o viz._n the_o irresistibility_n if_o all_o supreme_a power_n by_o their_o subject_n not_o only_o because_o resistance_n in_o any_o case_n whatsoever_o 〈◊〉_d inconsistent_a with_o supreme_a power_n and_o destructive_a to_o the_o peace_n of_o civil_a society_n but_o chief_o as_o they_o derive_v their_o authority_n immediate_o from_o god_n and_o be_v only_o to_o render_v a_o account_n to_o he_o of_o their_o action_n f._n i_o will_v not_o deny_v but_o what_o you_o have_v say_v be_v true_a in_o some_o sense_n that_o all_o sovereign_a power_n be_v derive_v from_o god_n and_o be_v also_o as_o such_o irresistible_a by_o subject_n but_o to_o affirm_v general_o and_o absolute_o as_o most_o of_o your_o opinion_n do_v that_o all_o command_n and_o act_n of_o man_n endue_v with_o this_o supreme_a authority_n whether_o good_a or_o bad_a lawful_a or_o unlawful_a be_v part_n of_o that_o authority_n derive_v from_o god_n and_o therefore_o irresistible_a in_o any_o casâ—_n or_o upon_o any_o necessity_n whatsoever_o be_v so_o dangerous_a a_o proposition_n that_o i_o know_v none_o that_o have_v contribute_v more_o to_o the_o encouragement_n of_o the_o râ—ng_n and_o the_o popish_a faction_n we_o favour_v to_o make_v all_o those_o breach_n upon_o our_o law_n religion_n and_o liberty_n which_o we_o have_v suffer_v since_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o reign_n m._n i_o be_o so_o well_o please_v with_o the_o freeness_n and_o ingenuity_n of_o your_o conversation_n that_o i_o desire_v nothing_o more_o than_o to_o discuss_v this_o important_a question_n with_o you_o at_o our_o next_o meeting_n but_o i_o beg_v your_o pardon_n if_o be_v take_v up_o by_o come_o business_n to_o morrow_n i_o adjourn_v our_o next_o meeting_n to_o the_o day_n after_o when_o if_o you_o please_v to_o come_v at_o the_o same_o hour_n at_o you_o do_v to_o night_n you_o shall_v here_o find_v i_o ready_a to_o wait_v on_o you_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n i_o must_v bid_v you_o good_a night_n f._n your_o servant_n sir_n i_o wish_v you_o hearty_o good_a night_n i_o will_v not_o fail_v to_o meet_v you_o at_o the_o time_n appoint_v finis_fw-la bibliotheca_fw-la politica_fw-la or_o a_o discourse_n by_o way_n of_o dialogue_n whether_o resistance_n of_o the_o supreme_a power_n by_o a_o whole_a nation_n or_o people_n in_o case_n of_o the_o last_o extremity_n can_v be_v justify_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n or_o rule_n of_o the_o gospel_n collect_v out_o of_o the_o most_o approve_a author_n both_o ancient_a and_o modern_a dialogue_n the_o three_o london_n print_v for_o r._n baldwin_n in_o warwick-lane_n near_o the_o oxford-arm_n where_o also_o may_v be_v have_v the_o first_o and_o second_o dialogue_n 1692._o the_o subject_a of_o the_o three_o dialogue_n have_v who_o word_n or_o sense_n be_v make_v use_n of_o in_o this_o discourse_n and_o how_o denote_v in_o the_o margin_n 1._o dr._n hicks_n jovian_a or_o answer_n to_o julian_n h._n i._n 2._o mr._n bohun_v defence_n of_o sr._n r._n filmer_n b._n d._n f._n 3._o two_o treatise_n of_o government_n t._n t._n g._n 4._o a_o pamphlet_n entitle_v vindiciae_fw-la juris_fw-la regii_fw-la v._o i._n r._n 5._o dr._n sherlock_n case_n of_o resistance_n s._n c._n r._n 6._o plato_n redivivus_fw-la p.r._n 7._o mr._n l'estrange_n observator_fw-la l._n o._n advertisement_n to_o the_o reader_n the_o author_n in_o relation_n to_o this_o as_o well_o as_o the_o subsequent_a dialogue_n desire_v you_o to_o be_v so_o candid_a as_o to_o believe_v that_o though_o under_o the_o name_n of_o freeman_n he_o have_v argue_v against_o a_o opinion_n now_o or_o late_o much_o in_o vogue_n viz._n that_o a_o absolute_a irresistibility_n be_v a_o insepable_a prerogative_n of_o all_o sovereign_a power_n as_o well_o monarchy_n as_o commonwealth_n yet_o no_o man_n more_o abhor_v all_o unnecessary_a resistance_n or_o rebellion_n against_o supreme_a civil_a magistrate_n and_o be_v more_o for_o a_o absolute_a submission_n by_o all_o particular_a person_n whether_o private_a or_o public_a in_o case_n of_o the_o high_a injury_n and_o oppression_n do_v to_o themselves_o alone_o and_o where_o the_o common_a good_a of_o the_o community_n be_v not_o immediate_o concern_v than_o himself_o and_o this_o he_o own_v to_o be_v their_o duty_n not_o only_o out_o of_o a_o generous_a regard_n to_o the_o peace_n &_o tranquillity_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n whereof_o they_o be_v member_n &_o which_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v disturb_v to_o revenge_v or_o redress_v a_o few_o private_a injury_n but_o also_o from_o the_o express_a command_n of_o god_n will_v reveal_v in_o the_o holy_a ss_z express_o forbid_v not_o only_o all_o revenge_n but_o self-defence_n too_o whilst_o the_o supreme_a power_n act_v legal_o though_o perhaps_o contrary_a to_o the_o strict_a rule_n of_o justice_n and_o equity_n in_o such_o particular_a case_n yet_o for_o all_o this_o the_o author_n must_v still_o declare_v he_o doubt_v whether_o those_o precept_n do_v extend_v to_o all_o resistance_n whatever_o viz_o of_o any_o whole_a nation_n or_o great_a body_n of_o man_n who_o preservation_n or_o freedom_n from_o a_o intolerable_a slavery_n and_o oppression_n may_v render_v it_o necessary_a for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o common_a wealth_n and_o be_v no_o other_o way_n to_o be_v procure_v but_o by_o a_o vigorous_a resistance_n or_o else_o join_v with_o some_o powerful_a neighbour_n prince_n or_o state_n who_o shall_v interpose_v for_o their_o deliverance_n so_o that_o if_o such_o a_o resistance_n be_v ever_o lawful_a it_o can_v be_v upon_o no_o less_o momentous_a anâ—_n account_n than_o that_o of_o a_o general_n invasion_n either_o of_o the_o life_n liberty_n religion_n or_o property_n of_o a_o whole_a or_o major_a part_n of_o a_o nation_n as_o they_o be_v establish_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n or_o the_o fundamental_a constitution_n and_o municpial_n law_n of_o those_o particular_a kingdom_n and_o commonwealth_n where_o such_o a_o insupportable_a tyranny_n and_o oppression_n be_v then_o exercise_v and_o if_o this_o be_v not_o lawful_a in_o such_o extraordinary_a case_n it_o will_v seem_v as_o if_o god_n have_v prefer_v the_o unjust_a power_n or_o force_v and_o the_o outward_a grandeur_n of_o the_o governor_n before_o the_o good_a and_o happiness_n of_o the_o govern_v which_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o main_a end_n of_o all_o civil_a government_n viz._n the_o common_a good_a &_o happiness_n of_o mankind_n even_o as_o those_o who_o be_v most_o against_o all_o resistance_n whatever_o must_v allow_v but_o whether_o such_o resistance_n be_v not_o in_o these_o case_n a_o lawful_a nay_o only_a mean_n for_o the_o safeguard_n and_o deliverance_n of_o such_o assault_v or_o oppress_v nation_n the_o author_n leave_v it_o to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o impartial_a reader_n to_o determine_v upon_o the_o perusal_n of_o this_o and_o the_o subsequent_a discourse_n since_o all_o that_o can_v be_v urge_v on_o both_o side_n in_o this_o important_a question_n can_v not_o be_v comprise_v within_o the_o limit_n of_o one_o evening_n conversation_n which_o the_o author_n have_v prescribe_v to_o himself_o yet_o will_v he_o not_o be_v much_o concern_v on_o which_o side_n you_o give_v your_o sentence_n since_o however_o criminal_a some_o man_n have_v endeavour_v to_o render_v the_o doctrine_n of_o resistance_n even_o in_o the_o case_n propose_v yet_o the_o author_n must_v believe_v till_o he_o be_v better_a convince_v to_o the_o contrary_a that_o the_o question_n be_v only_o moral_a or_o political_n and_o not_o about_o any_o point_n of_o faith_n or_o law_n may_v be_v safe_o maintain_v by_o either_o party_n without_o any_o guilt_n either_o of_o heresy_n or_o treason_n the_o author_n far_o desire_v you_o to_o take_v notice_n that_o though_o he_o have_v in_o both_o these_o subsequent_a dialogue_n make_v one_o of_o his_o disputant_n to_o make_v use_n not_o only_o of_o the_o argument_n but_o the_o very_a expression_n of_o two_o learned_a and_o reverend_a divine_n in_o some_o late_a treatise_n on_o this_o subject_a yet_o that_o he_o have_v not_o act_v thus_o out_o of_o any_o design_n of_o write_v against_o they_o or_o those_o opinion_n there_o lay_v down_o as_o they_o be_v they_o since_o it_o be_v well_o know_v the_o same_o argument_n and_o text_n of_o scripture_n have_v be_v make_v use_n of_o by_o other_o writer_n on_o this_o subject_a long_o before_o but_o as_o it_o must_v be_v confess_v that_o none_o have_v manage_v this_o controversy_n with_o better_a reason_n and_o great_a eloquence_n so_o he_o hope_v that_o neither_o
those_o law_n have_v any_o thing_n to_o do_v in_o england_n before_o but_o always_o suppose_v the_o politic_a law_n of_o our_o country_n to_o be_v the_o only_a measure_n of_o the_o king_n prerogative_n as_o also_o of_o the_o subject_n obedience_n and_o subjection_n nor_o do_v your_o own_o civil_a law_n by_o as_o much_o as_o i_o know_v of_o they_o make_v any_o difference_n between_o the_o imperial_a and_o political_a law_n of_o the_o empire_n for_o by_o the_o one_o as_o well_o as_o the_o other_o the_o civilian_n understand_v such_o law_n or_o edict_n of_o the_o emperor_n which_o with_o the_o approbation_n of_o the_o senate_n be_v make_v for_o the_o peace_n and_o well_o government_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n but_o i_o never_o yet_o hear_v of_o any_o imperial_a law_n whereby_o the_o emperor_n declare_v that_o he_o have_v a_o right_a to_o plunder_v or_o murder_v all_o the_o citizen_n of_o rome_n or_o that_o they_o believe_v they_o be_v oblige_v to_o suffer_v by_o your_o imperial_a law_n without_o any_o resistance_n i_o be_o sure_a the_o senate_n and_o people_n do_v not_o believe_v that_o the_o emperor_n have_v any_o such_o authority_n when_o they_o declare_v nero_n and_o maximin_n for_o their_o intolerable_a cruelty_n not_o only_o enemy_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n but_o of_o mankind_n but_o if_o by_o these_o imperial_a law_n of_o nonresistance_n you_o mean_v no_o more_o than_o what_o you_o lay_v down_o in_o your_o syllogism_n that_o it_o be_v a_o inseparable_a right_n or_o prerogative_n of_o sovereign_a power_n not_o to_o be_v resist_v by_o their_o subject_n when_o you_o have_v prove_v this_o proposition_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o reason_n i_o shall_v then_o believe_v it_o but_o as_o for_o your_o conclusion_n it_o be_v found_v upon_o these_o premise_n it_o need_v no_o confutation_n for_o if_o the_o imperial_a law_n of_o government_n do_v not_o require_v your_o passive_a obedience_n then_o subject_n be_v not_o bind_v to_o perform_v it_o and_o to_o show_v you_o the_o falseness_n and_o absurdity_n of_o this_o assertion_n that_o whatsoever_o the_o imperial_a law_n of_o any_o government_n require_v of_o its_o subject_n if_o it_o be_v not_o contrary_a to_o god_n law_n they_o be_v bind_v to_o perform_v it_o in_o stead_n of_o passive_a obedience_n or_o patient_n suffer_v of_o injury_n let_v we_o insert_v to_o give_v up_o to_o the_o sovereign_a all_o our_o civil_a property_n and_o estate_n if_o demand_v by_o he_o be_v not_o forbid_v by_o god_n law_n and_o therefore_o subject_n be_v bind_v to_o perform_v it_o when_o ever_o it_o be_v require_v by_o the_o imperial_a law_n for_o certain_o the_o absolute_a disposal_n of_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o subject_n be_v as_o unseparable_a a_o prerogative_n of_o sovereign_a power_n as_o irresistibility_n itself_o as_o i_o think_v i_o be_o able_a to_o prove_v if_o you_o think_v fit_a to_o dispute_v that_o question_n but_o at_o present_a i_o shall_v only_o confine_v myself_o to_o confute_v the_o major_a in_o your_o syllogism_n in_o the_o first_o place_n therefore_o though_o i_o do_v grant_v what_o you_o lay_v down_o for_o a_o ground_n to_o be_v true_a that_o it_o belong_v to_o sovereign_a power_n to_o be_v accountable_a to_o or_o punishable_a by_o none_o but_o god_n yet_o i_o suppose_v resistance_n of_o their_o violence_n and_o tyranny_n may_v very_o well_o be_v perform_v by_o the_o people_n without_o call_v they_o to_o a_o judicial_a account_n or_o erect_v a_o tribunal_n for_o that_o purpose_n call_v to_o a_o account_n and_o punishment_n be_v act_n of_o authority_n of_o superior_n over_o inferior_n but_o resistance_n for_o self-defence_n be_v a_o right_n of_o nature_n and_o which_o no_o man_n by_o enter_v into_o civil_a government_n ever_o part_v withal_o but_o out_o of_o consideration_n of_o a_o great_a good_a to_o be_v obtain_v thereby_o viz._n his_o own_o great_a security_n together_o with_o the_o common_a good_a of_o that_o civil_a society_n whereof_o he_o be_v a_o member_n which_o when_o by_o the_o prince_n violence_n it_o be_v once_o like_a to_o be_v whole_o lose_v his_o natural_a right_n of_o self-defence_n for_o the_o preservation_n of_o himself_o and_o family_n again_o take_v place_n nor_o do_v he_o then_o resist_v the_o supreme_a power_n as_o such_o but_z as_o murderers_z and_o cutthroat_n who_o by_o go_v about_o to_o destroy_v the_o people_n have_v already_o loft_n all_o that_o right_o they_o former_o have_v and_o of_o this_o opinion_n be_v that_o moderate_a romish_a author_n barclay_n before_o cite_v who_o in_o the_o 16_o chap._n of_o the_o book_n last_o quote_v have_v this_o remarkable_a passage_n what_o then_o can_v there_o no_o case_n happen_v in_o which_o it_o may_v be_v lawful_a for_o the_o people_n by_o their_o own_o authority_n to_o rise_v up_o and_o resist_v a_o king_n govern_v tyrannical_o his_o answer_n to_o this_o question_n be_v there_o be_v certain_o none_o as_o long_a as_o he_o continue_v king_n for_o the_o scripture_n forbid_v it_o which_o say_v honour_v the_o king_n and_o he_o who_o resist_v the_o power_n resist_v the_o ordinance_n of_o god_n therefore_o the_o people_n can_v have_v no_o power_n against_o he_o unless_o he_o commit_v something_o by_o which_o he_o may_v cease_v to_o be_v king_n for_o than_o he_o himself_o abdicate_v his_o kingship_n and_o become_v a_o private_a man_n and_o by_o this_o mean_v the_o people_n be_v make_v free_a that_o right_o return_v to_o they_o which_o they_o have_v before_o the_o king_n be_v make_v but_o there_o be_v but_o few_o fact_n of_o that_o nature_n which_o can_v produce_v such_o effect_n and_o i_o can_v when_o i_o think_v of_o it_o find_v more_o than_o two_o case_n in_o which_o a_o king_n do_v ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la make_n himself_o no_o king_n and_o thereby_o deprive_v himself_o of_o all_o honour_n regal_a dignity_n and_o power_n which_o also_o winzerus_n take_v notice_n of_o one_o of_o these_o be_v if_o he_o destroy_v his_o kingdom_n and_o then_o give_v we_o the_o example_n of_o nero_n and_o caligula_n as_o i_o have_v already_o do_v and_o next_o proceed_v to_o this_o purpose_n that_o when_o any_o king_n design_n and_o do_v serious_o endeavour_v to_o put_v this_o in_o practice_n he_o cast_v off_o all_o care_n and_o desire_v of_o govern_v and_o therefore_o thereby_o lose_v his_o empire_n over_o his_o subject_n as_o a_o lord_n of_o a_o servant_n lose_v his_o dominion_n over_o he_o by_o give_v up_o all_o care_n and_o government_n of_o he_o and_o of_o this_o opinion_n likewise_o be_v 7.11_o grotius_n and_o pâ—ffendorf_n 7._o the_o two_o best_a and_o most_o learned_a writer_n on_o this_o subject_a who_o do_v not_o think_v it_o inconsistent_a with_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o gospel_n for_o subject_n to_o resist_v the_o king_n if_o with_o a_o hostile_a mind_n he_o seek_v the_o destruction_n of_o his_o people_n for_o say_v the_o former_a the_o will_n of_o command_v and_o destroy_v can_v consist_v together_o and_o therefore_o he_o who_o profess_v himself_o a_o enemy_n of_o the_o whole_a people_n do_v thereby_o abdicate_v the_o kingdom_n but_o that_o can_v scarce_o seem_v to_o happen_v in_o a_o king_n in_o his_o right_a wit_n and_o who_o command_v only_o one_o kingdom_n but_o if_o he_o command_v more_o kingdom_n it_o may_v so_o happen_v that_o he_o will_v destroy_v the_o people_n of_o one_o nation_n to_o gratify_v the_o other_o that_o he_o may_v there_o make_v colony_n of_o they_o and_o this_o i_o suppose_v grotius_n speak_v in_o relation_n to_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n who_o they_o say_v have_v declare_v that_o if_o he_o overcome_v the_o dutch_a then_o in_o arm_n against_o he_o he_o will_v fell_v the_o people_n for_o slave_n into_o america_n and_o people_n the_o country_n with_o spaniard_n m._n you_o very_o much_o mistake_v i_o if_o you_o think_v by_o imperial_a i_o mean_v the_o roman_a law_n but_o only_o the_o common_a law_n of_o sovereignty_n which_o though_o they_o destroy_v no_o man_n natural_a ib._n or_o civil_a right_n yet_o both_o grant_v and_o confirm_v unto_o the_o legal_a sovereign_n in_o every_o government_n the_o essential_a right_n of_o sovereignty_n of_o which_o i_o take_v nonresistance_n not_o only_o for_o wrath_n but_o conscience_n lake_n to_o be_v one_o of_o the_o chief_a and_o therefore_o it_o be_v much_o better_a to_o venture_v the_o utmost_a that_o a_o tyrant_n can_v do_v towards_o his_o people_n by_o destroy_v they_o than_o to_o give_v the_o least_o inlet_n to_o rebellion_n by_o suppose_v the_o people_n may_v in_o any_o case_n whatsoever_o resist_v their_o prince_n for_o grant_v the_o worst_a that_o may_v happen_v that_o a_o prince_n once_o in_o 1000_o year_n to_o be_v so_o wicked_a and_o malicious_a as_o to_o go_v about_o to_o destroy_v his_o people_n yet_o he_o can_v scarce_o find_v mean_n and_o hand_n enough_o to_o bring_v it_o about_o and_o admit_v he_o shall_v destroy_v by_o
though_o in_o defence_n of_o the_o great_a innocence_n man_n who_o draw_v their_o sword_n against_o lawful_a power_n shall_v perish_v with_o the_o sword_n which_o do_v not_o signify_v what_o the_o event_n shall_v always_o be_v but_o what_o be_v the_o desert_n and_o merit_n of_o the_o action_n rebel_n may_v sometime_o be_v prosperous_a but_o they_o always_o deserve_v punishment_n and_o if_o they_o escape_v the_o sword_n in_o this_o world_n st._n paul_n tell_v we_o they_o shall_v receive_v damnation_n in_o the_o next_o what_o can_v be_v say_v more_o express_o against_o resistance_n than_o this_o 60._o st._n peter_n never_o can_v have_v draw_v his_o sword_n in_o a_o better_a cause_n never_o in_o the_o defence_n of_o a_o more_o sacred_a person_n if_o we_o may_v defend_v oppress_v innocence_n against_o a_o lawful_a authority_n if_o we_o may_v oppose_v unjust_a and_o illegal_a violence_n if_o any_o obligation_n of_o friendship_n gratitude_n or_o religion_n itself_o can_v justify_v resistance_n st._n peter_n have_v not_o meet_v with_o this_o rebuke_n but_o though_o it_o be_v a_o very_a unjust_a action_n yet_o it_o be_v do_v by_o a_o just_a authority_n and_o lawful_a power_n must_v not_o be_v resist_v though_o it_o be_v in_o defence_n of_o the_o saviour_n of_o the_o world_n and_o if_o st._n peter_n may_v not_o use_v the_o sword_n in_o defence_n of_o christ_n person_n there_o be_v much_o less_o pretence_n to_o fight_v for_o his_o religion_n for_o though_o some_o call_v this_o fight_n for_o religion_n it_o be_v only_o fight_v for_o themselves_o man_n may_v keep_v their_o religion_n if_o they_o please_v in_o despite_n of_o earthly_a power_n and_o therefore_o no_o power_n can_v hurt_v religion_n though_o they_o may_v persecute_v the_o professor_n of_o it_o and_o therefore_o when_o man_n take_v up_o arm_n to_o avoid_v persecution_n it_o be_v not_o in_o defence_n of_o religion_n but_o of_o themselves_o that_o be_v to_o avoid_v their_o suffering_n for_o religion_n and_o if_o st._n peter_n may_v not_o fight_v to_o preserve_v christ_n himself_o certain_o neither_o he_o nor_o we_o aught_o to_o take_v up_o arm_n to_o defend_v ourselves_o from_o persecution_n christ_n be_v the_o first_o martyr_n for_o his_o own_o religion_n his_o person_n be_v infinite_o more_o sacred_a and_o inviolable_a than_o any_o one_o of_o we_o can_v pretend_v to_o be_v and_o if_o st._n peter_n must_v not_o fight_v for_o christ_n certain_o we_o must_v not_o fight_v for_o ourselves_o though_o we_o absurd_o enough_o call_v it_o fight_v for_o our_o religion_n and_o who_o be_v these_o power_n st._n peter_n resist_v they_o be_v only_o the_o servant_n and_o officer_n of_o the_o highpriest_n the_o highpriest_n do_v not_o appear_v there_o himself_o much_o less_o pilate_n much_o less_o caesar_n and_o yet_o our_o saviour_n rebuke_n st._n peter_n for_o resist_v the_o inferior_a officer_n 62._o though_o they_o offer_v the_o most_o unjust_a and_o illegal_a violence_n it_o seem_v he_o do_v not_o understand_v our_o modern_a distinction_n between_o the_o person_n and_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o prince_n that_o though_o his_o person_n be_v sacred_a and_o must_v not_o be_v touch_v yet_o his_o minister_n who_o act_n by_o his_o authority_n may_v be_v oppose_v we_o may_v fight_v his_o navy_n and_o demolish_v his_o garrison_n and_o kill_v his_o subject_n who_o fight_v for_o he_o though_o we_o must_v not_o touch_v his_o person_n but_o he_o be_v a_o mock_n prince_n who_o authority_n be_v confine_v to_o his_o own_o person_n who_o can_v do_v nothing_o more_o than_o what_o he_o can_v do_v with_o his_o two_o hand_n which_o can_v answer_v the_o end_v of_o government_n a_o prince_n be_v not_o mere_o a_o natural_a but_o a_o political_a person_n and_o his_o personal_a authority_n reach_v as_o far_o as_o his_o commission_n do_v his_o officer_n and_o minister_n of_o state_n and_o commander_n and_o soldier_n be_v his_o end_n and_o eye_n and_o ear_n and_o leg_n and_o he_o who_o resist_v those_o who_o act_n by_o his_o commission_n may_v as_o proper_o be_v say_v to_o resist_v the_o personal_a authority_n of_o the_o prince_n as_o if_o he_o himself_o be_v present_a in_o his_o natural_a person_n as_o well_o as_o by_o his_o authority_n thus_o our_o saviour_n it_o seem_v thought_n when_o he_o rebuke_v st._n peter_n for_o strike_v a_o servant_n of_o the_o high_a priest_n and_o smite_v off_o his_o ear._n f._n in_o answer_n to_o this_o place_n which_o you_o have_v now_o bring_v to_o prove_v that_o the_o resistance_n that_o st._n peter_n will_v have_v make_v on_o our_o saviour_n behalf_n be_v absolute_o unlawful_a i_o shall_v not_o insist_v as_o some_o do_v that_o christ_n come_v into_o the_o world_n on_o purpose_n to_o be_v a_o sacrifice_n for_o sin_n and_o that_o therefore_o it_o be_v inconsistent_a with_o his_o design_n and_o the_o person_n he_o undertake_v to_o resist_v and_o oppose_v have_v it_o be_v never_o so_o lawful_a to_o resist_v though_o our_o saviour_n himself_o by_o the_o word_n 18.11_o which_o st._n john_n relate_v he_o to_o have_v speak_v to_o st._n peter_n seem_v to_o favour_v this_o interpretation_n when_o after_o he_o have_v bid_v he_o put_v his_o sword_n into_o the_o scabbard_n he_o add_v the_o cup_n which_o my_o father_n have_v give_v i_o shall_v i_o not_o drink_v it_o and_o so_o likewise_o the_o answer_n he_o give_v pilate_n who_o ask_v he_o whether_o he_o be_v a_o king_n 18.37_o thou_o say_v that_o i_o be_o a_o king_n to_o this_o end_n be_v i_o bear_v and_o for_o this_o cause_n come_v i_o into_o the_o world_n that_o i_o shall_v bear_v witness_n unto_o the_o truth_n nor_o yet_o shall_v i_o go_v about_o to_o interpret_v these_o word_n for_o they_o that_o take_v the_o sword_n shall_v perish_v by_o the_o sword_n in_o that_o sense_n which_o grotius_n put_v upon_o it_o though_o quite_o different_a from_o you_o as_o if_o it_o be_v not_o design_v as_o a_o rebuke_n to_o st._n peter_n but_o for_o the_o encouragement_n of_o his_o disciple_n and_o be_v indeed_o a_o prophecy_n that_o the_o jew_n who_o now_o come_v against_o he_o with_o sword_n and_o staff_n shall_v perish_v by_o the_o sword_n of_o the_o roman_n who_o shall_v be_v the_o avenger_n of_o christ_n death_n but_o i_o shall_v take_v it_o in_o the_o same_o sense_n as_o you_o do_v as_o a_o rebuke_n to_o st._n peter_n for_o go_v about_o to_o resist_v a_o lawful_a authority_n though_o employ_v upon_o a_o very_a unjust_a errand_n yet_o will_v it_o not_o prove_v that_o the_o supreme_a power_n may_v not_o be_v resist_v in_o any_o case_n or_o by_o any_o person_n whatsoever_o let_v they_o use_v their_o power_n never_o so_o cruel_o or_o tyrannical_o against_o their_o subject_n i_o grant_v indeed_o it_o prove_v what_o i_o have_v never_o deny_v that_o a_o private_a person_n though_o innocent_n ought_v not_o to_o resi_v the_o civil_a officer_n that_o come_v to_o seize_v he_o for_o a_o crime_n whereof_o he_o be_v accuse_v before_o a_o lawful_a authority_n for_o this_o be_v not_o only_o unlawful_a by_o the_o command_n of_o christ_n but_o also_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o nation_n for_o in_o england_n it_o be_v not_o only_o penal_a for_o a_o man_n to_o resist_v the_o officer_n of_o justice_n that_o come_v to_o seize_v he_o though_o he_o be_v innocent_a of_o the_o crime_n whereof_o he_o be_v accuse_v but_o also_o to_o withdraw_v himself_o from_o justice_n by_o flight_n and_o though_o upon_o trial_n he_o be_v find_v innocent_a yet_o if_o he_o flee_v for_o the_o same_o he_o shall_v forfeit_v all_o his_o good_n and_o that_o very_o just_o because_o no_o man_n ought_v to_o suspect_v and_o withdraw_v himself_o from_o the_o public_a trial_n of_o the_o law_n now_o to_o apply_v this_o to_o the_o case_n of_o our_o saviour_n though_o the_o action_n which_o these_o priest_n and_o soldier_n come_v about_o be_v in_o itself_o unjust_a yet_o be_v it_o not_o so_o either_o in_o respect_n of_o these_o officer_n themselves_o who_o act_v by_o a_o lawful_a authority_n nor_o yet_o be_v it_o unjust_a or_o unlawful_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o high_a priest_n and_o sanbedrim_n who_o send_v they_o for_o since_o it_o belong_v to_o they_o alone_o to_o judge_n of_o a_o prophet_n who_o they_o suppose_v teach_v contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o moses_n since_o they_o do_v believe_v our_o saviour_n to_o be_v such_o a_o prophet_n it_o be_v in_o respect_n of_o they_o neither_o unjust_a nor_o unlawful_a to_o seize_v he_o and_o bring_v he_o before_o they_o to_o give_v a_o account_n of_o his_o doctrine_n and_o they_o may_v likewise_o do_v this_o either_o by_o day_n or_o by_o night_n with_o the_o help_n of_o more_o or_o few_o man_n according_a as_o they_o shall_v think_v fit_a since_o they_o fear_v the_o people_n may_v rescue_v he_o especial_o since_o they_o look_v upon_o he_o as_o one_o who_o go_v
about_o to_o make_v himself_o king_n of_o the_o jew_n in_o opposition_n to_o caesar_n and_o therefore_o whilst_o they_o lie_v under_o this_o mistake_n they_o be_v under_o as_o high_a a_o obligation_n as_o a_o erroneous_a conscience_n can_v lay_v upon_o they_o of_o seize_v he_o and_o bring_v he_o before_o the_o highpriest_n and_o the_o governor_n for_o if_o they_o have_v believe_v he_o to_o be_v the_o true_a messiah_n and_o consequent_o the_o king_n of_o their_o nation_n it_o have_v be_v impossible_a that_o they_o shall_v ever_o have_v go_v about_o to_o put_v he_o to_o death_n which_o likewise_o our_o saviour_n himself_o acknowledge_v 23.24_o when_o pray_v for_o they_o that_o crucify_a he_o he_o say_v father_n forgive_v they_o for_o they_o know_v not_o what_o they_o do_v i_o speak_v not_o this_o to_o excuse_v the_o priest_n or_o sanâ—edrim_n for_o condemn_v our_o saviour_n to_o death_n or_o for_o use_v all_o the_o power_n they_o have_v with_o pilate_n to_o have_v he_o execute_v since_o i_o grant_v their_o ignorance_n be_v in_o great_a part_n wilful_a at_o least_o not_o invincible_a they_o have_v no_o just_a excuse_n not_o to_o believe_v on_o he_o after_o so_o many_o miracle_n he_o have_v wrought_v in_o the_o sight_n of_o all_o the_o world_n but_o only_o to_o prove_v that_o which_o i_o suppose_v you_o will_v not_o deny_v i._n e._n that_o magistrate_n even_o whilst_o they_o act_n unjust_o be_v not_o to_o be_v resist_v in_o the_o execution_n of_o public_a justice_n no_o not_o to_o rescue_v a_o innocent_a man_n by_o force_n from_o the_o hand_n of_o justice_n after_o he_o be_v condemn_v since_o the_o false_a or_o unjust_a sentence_n of_o judge_n against_o particular_a person_n be_v to_o be_v take_v for_o just_a in_o common_a acceptation_n till_o they_o be_v repeal_v according_a to_o that_o maxim_n in_o your_o civil_a law_n praetor_n dum_fw-la iniquum_fw-la decernit_fw-la ius_n dicit_fw-la ius_n and_o therefore_o our_o saviour_n come_v to_o fulfil_v all_o righteousness_n and_o to_o be_v the_o exact_a pattern_n of_o divine_a and_o moral_a action_n can_v not_o do_v less_o than_o rebuke_n st._n peter_n for_o make_v use_n of_o the_o sword_n against_o a_o lawful_a authority_n but_o what_o be_v this_o to_o the_o case_n that_o i_o have_v put_v of_o the_o resistance_n of_o whole_a nation_n or_o body_n of_o man_n against_o a_o unjust_a force_n and_o destructive_a violence_n upon_o their_o person_n and_o estate_n by_o those_o who_o pretend_v to_o act_n as_o the_o supreme_a power_n though_o contrary_a to_o all_o law_n natural_a and_o divine_a and_o who_o have_v no_o pretence_n to_o act_n as_o they_o do_v but_o only_o their_o unjust_a and_o arbitrary_a will_n back_v by_o power_n aâ—d_o that_o there_o be_v a_o great_a difference_n in_o these_o two_o i_o will_v clear_o show_v you_o from_o your_o own_o concession_n that_o no_o man_n want_v authority_n to_o defend_v his_o life_n against_o he_o that_o have_v no_o authority_n to_o take_v it_o away_o 21._o and_o therefore_o i_o suppose_v st._n paul_n may_v only_o with_o the_o help_n of_o those_o that_o be_v with_o he_o not_o only_o have_v defend_v his_o life_n against_o those_o who_o we_o find_v in_o the_o 25_o the_o of_o the_o act_n who_o be_v by_o order_n of_o the_o highpriest_n and_o chief_a of_o the_o jew_n to_o have_v lie_v â—n_v wait_v to_o kill_v paul_n by_o the_o way_n but_o also_o against_o any_o that_o festus_n the_o governor_n himself_o shall_v have_v send_v for_o the_o same_o end_n since_o he_o there_o decâ—ares_v 16._o that_o it_o be_v not_o the_o manner_n i._n e._n law_n of_o the_o roman_n to_o deliver_v any_o man_n to_o die_v before_o that_o he_o that_o be_v accuse_v have_v the_o accuser_n face_n to_o face_n and_o have_v licence_n to_o answer_n for_o himself_o concern_v the_o crime_n lay_v against_o he_o and_o therefore_o as_o caesar_n can_v give_v festus_n no_o commission_n to_o murder_n man_n so_o neither_o do_v god_n bestow_v on_o the_o emperor_n any_o authority_n to_o commit_v murder_n or_o to_o authorize_v other_o to_o do_v it_o and_o if_o a_o single_a person_n may_v do_v this_o certain_o much_o more_o a_o whole_a nation_n country_n or_o city_n may_v justify_v such_o a_o resistance_n where_o their_o life_n liberty_n and_o estate_n lie_v at_o stake_n from_o the_o violence_n or_o tyranny_n of_o the_o supreme_a power_n and_o therefore_o i_o do_v not_o see_v but_o that_o i_o may_v very_o well_o grant_v the_o instance_n you_o have_v put_v to_o be_v conclusive_a against_o this_o resistance_n make_v by_o st._n peter_n on_o our_o saviour_n behalf_n so_o that_o your_o instance_n do_v not_o reach_v the_o case_n in_o hand_n that_o all_o resistance_n of_o supreme_a power_n be_v unlawful_a and_o you_o yourself_o have_v already_o grant_v as_o much_o as_o i_o can_v in_o reason_n desire_n that_o no_o man_n want_v authority_n to_o defend_v his_o life_n against_o he_o who_o have_v no_o authority_n to_o take_v it_o away_o so_o that_o unless_o prince_n and_o their_o inferior_a officer_n receive_v authority_n from_o god_n to_o commit_v murder_n every_o man_n may_v defend_v himself_o against_o they_o when_o they_o go_v about_o to_o take_v away_o their_o life_n by_o violence_n contrary_a to_o law_n and_o therefore_o i_o see_v no_o reason_n from_o any_o thing_n that_o you_o have_v hitherto_o say_v to_o believe_v that_o christ_n do_v not_o allow_v this_o distinction_n between_o the_o person_n and_o authority_n of_o the_o prince_n to_o be_v good_a in_o some_o case_n or_o that_o though_o his_o person_n shall_v be_v sacred_a yet_o that_o his_o minister_n who_o act_n not_o by_o his_o regal_a authority_n but_o his_o personal_n and_o tyrannical_a will_n may_v be_v oppose_v nor_o can_v i_o find_v any_o consequence_n from_o what_o you_o say_v that_o he_o be_v a_o mock_n prince_n who_o authority_n be_v confine_v to_o his_o own_o person_n who_o can_v do_v nothing_o more_o than_o what_o he_o can_v do_v with_o his_o own_o hand_n since_o no_o man_n in_o his_o wit_n assert_n any_o such_o thing_n for_o i_o grant_v that_o a_o absolute_a prince_n have_v power_n to_o make_v law_n and_o to_o command_v they_o to_o be_v put_v in_o execution_n which_o do_v not_o contradict_v the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o nature_n and_o a_o limit_a prince_n have_v likewise_o a_o right_a to_o command_v in_o all_o thing_n that_o do_v not_o express_o contradict_v god_n natural_a and_o reveal_v law_n and_o also_o those_o positive_a law_n of_o his_o country_n which_o he_o be_v not_o the_o sole_a maker_n of_o that_o do_v not_o contradict_v the_o former_a and_o if_o he_o can_v do_v this_o i_o think_v he_o be_v endue_v with_o a_o authority_n sufficient_a to_o answer_v all_o the_o end_n of_o government_n without_o suppose_v that_o he_o must_v needs_o have_v a_o irresistible_a power_n and_o without_o which_o he_o can_v answer_v those_o end_n to_o murder_n and_o enslave_v whosoever_o he_o will_n i_o grant_v indeed_o a_o prince_n be_v not_o mere_o a_o natural_a but_o a_o political_a person_n but_o certain_o his_o personal_a authority_n as_o king_n do_v not_o reach_v as_o far_o as_o his_o commission_n or_o that_o he_o who_o resist_v those_o who_o act_n by_o his_o commission_n may_v be_v say_v in_o all_o case_n to_o resist_v his_o regal_a authority_n since_o at_o this_o rate_n the_o poor_a protestant_n in_o ireland_n at_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o last_o irish_a rebellion_n have_v be_v in_o a_o very_a woeful_a condition_n if_o it_o have_v happen_v which_o be_v not_o impossible_a that_o king_n charles_n the_o first_o shall_v real_o have_v grant_v a_o commission_n to_o sir_n phelim_n onâ—al_n to_o destroy_v they_o which_o no_o man_n can_v then_o certain_o tell_v but_o that_o he_o have_v since_o sir_n phelim_n public_o show_v such_o a_o commission_n and_o still_o assert_v the_o truth_n of_o it_o till_o he_o come_v upon_o the_o gallow_n but_o this_o be_v only_o by_o the_o by_o and_o in_o answer_n to_o what_o you_o have_v now_o say_v to_o this_o matter_n so_o that_o there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o suppose_v what_o our_o saviour_n think_v one_o way_n or_o other_o in_o this_o matter_n since_o he_o do_v not_o rebuke_v st._n peter_n for_o resist_v the_o inferior_a officer_n because_o they_o offer_v a_o unjust_a and_o illegal_a violence_n but_o because_o he_o resist_v those_o who_o act_v by_o a_o true_a and_o legal_a commission_n from_o the_o highpriest_n and_o sanhedrim_n who_o suppose_v our_o saviour_n to_o be_v a_o false_a prophet_n m._n if_o this_o distinction_n of_o you_o be_v true_a it_o will_v render_v the_o example_n of_o christ_n suffering_n in_o obedience_n to_o the_o supreme_a power_n though_o unjust_o yet_o without_o resistance_n of_o no_o effect_n to_o we_o whereas_o i_o be_o firm_o persuade_v 81._o that_o christ_n take_v such_o a_o mean_a and_o suffer_v a_o person_n upon_o he_o
our_o saviour_n be_v not_o sufficient_a of_o itself_o to_o make_v a_o law_n 100_o but_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o the_o confirmation_n and_o additional_a authority_n of_o his_o own_o apostle_n but_o we_o may_v just_o suspect_v ourselves_o mistake_v in_o the_o meaning_n of_o our_o saviour_n word_n or_o in_o the_o intention_n and_o design_n of_o his_o suffering_n have_v none_o of_o his_o apostle_n who_o be_v immediate_o instruct_v by_o himself_o and_o acquaint_v with_o the_o most_o sacred_a mystery_n of_o his_o kingdom_n ever_o preach_v any_o such_o doctrine_n as_o this_o of_o subjection_n to_o prince_n and_o therefore_o to_o give_v you_o the_o more_o abundant_a assurance_n of_o this_o i_o shall_v plain_o show_v you_o that_o the_o apostle_n teach_v the_o same_o doctrine_n and_o imitate_v the_o example_n of_o their_o great_a master_n i_o shall_v begin_v with_o st._n paul_n who_o have_v as_o full_o declare_v himself_o in_o this_o matter_n as_o it_o be_v possible_a any_o man_n can_v do_v 2._o by_o word_n let_v every_o soul_n be_v subject_a unto_o the_o high_a power_n for_o there_o be_v no_o power_n but_o of_o god_n the_o power_n that_o be_v be_v ordain_v of_o god_n whosoever_o therefore_o resist_v the_o power_n resist_v the_o ordinance_n of_o god_n and_o they_o that_o resist_v shall_v receive_v to_o themselves_o damnation_n this_o be_v a_o very_a express_a testimony_n against_o resistance_n and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v consider_v it_o at_o large_a for_o there_o have_v be_v various_a art_n use_v to_o pervert_v every_o word_n of_o it_o and_o to_o make_v this_o text_n speak_v quite_o contrary_a to_o the_o design_n and_o intention_n of_o the_o apostle_n in_o it_o and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v divide_v the_o word_n into_o three_o general_a part_n 1._o the_o doctrine_n the_o apostle_n instruct_v they_o in_o let_v every_o soul_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o high_a power_n 2._o the_o reason_n whereby_o he_o prove_v and_o enforce_v this_o doctrine_n for_o there_o be_v no_o power_n but_o of_o god_n the_o power_n that_o he_o be_v ordain_v of_o god_n whoever_o therefore_o resist_v the_o power_n resist_v the_o ordinance_n of_o god_n the_o punishment_n of_o such_o resistance_n and_o they_o that_o resist_v shall_v receive_v to_o themselves_o damnation_n i_o shall_v begin_v with_o the_o doctrine_n 102._o that_o every_o soul_n must_v be_v subject_a to_o the_o high_a power_n and_o here_o be_v three_o thing_n to_o be_v explain_v 1._o who_o be_v contain_v under_o this_o general_a expression_n of_o every_o soul_n 2._o who_o be_v mean_v by_o the_o high_a power_n 3._o what_o be_v mean_v by_o be_v subject_a 1._o who_o be_v contain_v under_o this_o general_a expression_n of_o every_o soul_n which_o by_o a_o ordinary_a hebraism_n signify_v every_o man_n for_o man_n be_v a_o compound_v creature_n of_o body_n and_o soul_n and_o either_o part_n of_o he_o be_v very_o often_o in_o scripture_n put_v for_o the_o whole_a sometime_o flesh_n and_o sometime_o soul_n signify_v the_o man_n and_o when_o every_o soul_n be_v oppose_v to_o the_o high_a power_n it_o must_v signify_v all_o man_n of_o what_o rank_n or_o condition_n soever_o they_o be_v who_o be_v not_o invest_v with_o this_o high_a power_n and_o again_o say_v he_o the_o design_n of_o the_o apostle_n as_o you_o shall_v hear_v more_o particular_o by_o and_o by_o be_v to_o forbid_v all_o resistance_n of_o sovereign_a prince_n and_o have_v he_o know_v of_o any_o man_n or_o number_n of_o man_n who_o may_v lawful_o resist_v he_o ought_v not_o to_o have_v express_a it_o in_o such_o general_a term_n as_o to_o forbid_v all_o without_o exception_n and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v now_o a_o little_a more_o close_o examine_v your_o main_a argument_n or_o indeed_o foundation_n of_o all_o that_o you_o have_v urge_v for_o resistance_n viz._n that_o though_o it_o be_v unlawful_a for_o private_a or_o particular_a man_n to_o resist_v the_o supreme_a power_n yet_o that_o it_o do_v not_o extend_v unto_o the_o whole_a or_o major_a part_n of_o a_o people_n or_o nation_n whenever_o they_o be_v outrageous_o oppress_v it_o or_o assault_v by_o the_o high_a power_n beyond_o what_o they_o suppose_v they_o be_v able_a to_o bear_v 103._o whereas_o the_o apostle_n here_o command_v every_o soul_n to_o be_v subject_n and_o therefore_o if_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o people_n be_v subject_a to_o god_n they_o must_v also_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o prince_n too_o because_o he_o act_n by_o god_n authority_n and_o commission_n be_v a_o sovereign_a prince_n the_o people_n creature_n that_o may_v be_v a_o good_a maxim_n rex_fw-la majâ—r_fw-la singulis_fw-la sed_fw-la minor_fw-la universis_fw-la that_o the_o king_n be_v great_a than_o any_o particular_a subject_n but_o less_o than_o all_o together_o but_o if_o he_o be_v god_n minister_n he_o be_v upon_o that_o account_n as_o much_o great_a than_o all_o as_o god_n be_v and_o that_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o people_n altogether_o as_o well_o as_o one_o by_o one_o 104._o be_v equal_o concern_v in_o this_o command_n of_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o high_a power_n be_v evident_a from_o this_o consideration_n that_o nothing_o less_o than_o this_o will_v secure_v the_o peace_n and_o tranquillity_n of_o humane_a society_n the_o resistance_n of_o single_a person_n be_v more_o dangerous_a to_o themselves_o than_o to_o the_o prince_n but_o a_o powerful_a combination_n of_o rebel_n be_v formidable_a to_o the_o most_o puissant_a monarch_n the_o great_a number_n of_o subject_n rebel_v against_o their_o prince_n the_o more_o do_v they_o distress_v his_o government_n and_o threaten_v his_o crown_n and_o dignity_n and_o if_o his_o person_n and_o authority_n be_v sacred_a the_o great_a the_o violence_n be_v which_o be_v offer_v to_o he_o the_o great_a be_v the_o crime_n have_v the_o apostle_n exhort_v the_o roman_n after_o this_o manner_n let_v no_o private_a and_o single_a man_n be_v so_o foolish_a 104.105_o as_o to_o rebel_v against_o his_o prince_n who_o will_v be_v too_o strong_a for_o he_o but_o â—f_o you_o can_v raise_v sufficient_a force_n to_o oppose_v against_o he_o if_o you_o can_v all_o consent_n to_o depose_v and_o murder_v he_o this_o be_v a_o very_a innocent_a and_o justifiable_a nay_o a_o heroical_a achievement_n which_o become_v a_o freeborn_a people_n how_o will_v this_o have_v secure_v the_o peace_n and_o quiet_a of_o the_o world_n how_o will_v this_o have_v agree_v with_o what_o follow_v that_o prince_n be_v advance_v by_o god_n and_o that_o to_o resist_v our_o prince_n be_v to_o resist_v the_o ordinance_n of_o god_n and_o that_o such_o man_n shall_v be_v severe_o punish_v for_o it_o in_o this_o world_n or_o the_o next_o for_o can_v the_o apostle_n be_v think_v absolute_o to_o condemn_v resistance_n if_o he_o make_v it_o only_o unlawful_a to_o resist_v when_o we_o want_v power_n to_o conquer_v which_o yet_o be_v all_o that_o can_v be_v make_v of_o it_o if_o by_o every_o soul_n the_o apostle_n mean_v only_o particular_a man_n not_o the_o unite_a force_n and_o power_n of_o subject_n nor_o can_v there_o be_v any_o reason_n assign_v why_o the_o apostle_n shall_v lay_v so_o strict_a a_o command_n on_o particular_a christian_n to_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o high_a power_n 106._o which_o do_v not_o equal_o concern_v whole_a nation_n for_o if_o it_o can_v ever_o be_v lawful_a for_o a_o whole_a nation_n to_o resist_v a_o prince_n it_o may_v in_o the_o same_o circumstance_n be_v equal_o lawful_a for_o a_o particular_a man_n to_o do_v it_o if_o a_o nation_n may_v conspire_v against_o a_o prince_n who_o invade_v their_o right_n their_o liberty_n or_o their_o religion_n why_o may_v not_o any_o man_n by_o the_o same_o reason_n resist_v a_o prince_n when_o his_o single_a right_n and_o liberty_n be_v invade_v 106._o it_o be_v not_o so_o safe_a and_o prudent_a indeed_o for_o a_o private_a man_n to_o resist_v as_o for_o great_a and_o powerful_a number_n but_o this_o make_v resistance_n only_o a_o matter_n of_o discretion_n not_o of_o conscience_n if_o it_o be_v lawful_a for_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o a_o nation_n to_o resist_v in_o such_o case_n it_o must_v be_v equal_o lawful_a for_o a_o particular_a man_n to_o do_v it_o but_o he_o do_v it_o at_o his_o own_o peril_n when_o he_o have_v only_o his_o own_o single_a force_n to_o oppose_v against_o his_o prince_n so_o that_o our_o apostle_n must_v forbid_v resistance_n in_o all_o man_n or_o none_o for_o single_a person_n do_v not_o use_v to_o resist_v or_o rebel_n or_o there_o be_v no_o great_a danger_n to_o the_o public_a if_o they_o do_v but_o the_o authority_n of_o prince_n and_o the_o security_n of_o public_a government_n be_v only_o endanger_v by_o a_o combination_n of_o rebel_n when_o the_o whole_a nation_n or_o any_o considerable_a part_n for_o number_n power_n and_o interest_n take_v arm_n against_o their_o prince_n if_o
may_v they_o not_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n rid_v themselves_o of_o such_o a_o judgement_n as_o intolerable_a tyranny_n when_o they_o be_v able_a and_o have_v a_o opportunity_n to_o do_v it_o since_o they_o proceed_v from_o the_o like_o common_a dispensation_n of_o god_n providence_n or_o else_o we_o must_v believe_v that_o the_o wickedness_n of_o one_o or_o more_o person_n for_o the_o destruction_n of_o civil_a society_n the_o be_v more_o particular_o derive_v from_o god_n than_o the_o power_n of_o the_o whole_a people_n for_o their_o own_o preservation_n and_o the_o common_a good_a and_o happiness_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n by_o which_o mean_n prince_n will_v have_v the_o same_o power_n and_o right_o over_o their_o subject_n body_n and_o estate_n as_o they_o have_v over_o those_o of_o their_o beast_n to_o sell_v kill_v and_o devour_v they_o at_o their_o pleasure_n m._n though_o i_o grant_v it_o may_v be_v lawful_a for_o a_o people_n to_o remove_v natural_a judgement_n by_o human_a mean_n yet_o do_v it_o not_o follow_v that_o they_o may_v therefore_o remove_v by_o force_n such_o punishment_n as_o god_n please_v to_o lay_v upon_o they_o from_o the_o abuse_n of_o civil_a authority_n by_o the_o supreme_a power_n since_o he_o have_v particular_o enjoin_v they_o to_o bear_v such_o punishment_n patient_o without_o any_o resistance_n because_o they_o be_v inflict_v by_o those_o who_o god_n have_v ordain_v for_o our_o temporal_a governor_n and_o master_n and_o who_o violence_n and_o oppression_n as_o long_o as_o they_o continue_v in_o their_o sin_n god_n have_v very_o good_a reason_n to_o continue_v upon_o they_o and_o if_o they_o repent_v they_o may_v be_v assure_v that_o in_o his_o good_a time_n he_o will_v either_o remove_v they_o or_o turn_v they_o to_o the_o best_a for_o all_o thing_n even_a affliction_n work_v for_o the_o good_a of_o they_o that_o fear_v he_o and_o god_n will_v not_o suffer_v those_o that_o trust_v in_o he_o to_o be_v afflict_v beyond_o what_o they_o be_v able_a to_o â—ear_v and_o if_o this_o doctrine_n of_o you_o may_v take_v place_n both_o servant_n and_o child_n in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n may_v upon_o the_o like_a pretence_n both_o resist_v and_o turn_v their_o father_n and_o master_n out_o of_o door_n because_o forsooth_o their_o government_n be_v so_o severe_a and_o tyrannical_a that_o it_o be_v not_o any_o long_a to_o be_v endure_v by_o they_o and_o though_o such_o severe_a father_n or_o master_n may_v be_v ordain_v by_o god_n for_o the_o punishment_n of_o such_o wicked_a child_n and_o servant_n yet_o that_o be_v no_o more_o than_o other_o natural_a judgement_n they_o may_v be_v without_o any_o sin_n remove_v by_o force_n or_o resistance_n when_o ever_o they_o think_v themselves_o strong_a enough_o to_o do_v it_o and_o if_o this_o doctrine_n be_v wicked_a and_o absurd_a in_o private_a family_n then_o be_v it_o much_o more_o so_o in_o kingdom_n for_o certain_o there_o be_v as_o perfect_v a_o subjection_n due_a to_o a_o sovereign_a prince_n as_o to_o a_o father_n or_o mâ—ster_n for_o he_o be_v more_o eminent_o the_o minister_n of_o god_n and_o act_n by_o a_o more_o sacred_a and_o inviolable_a authority_n and_o notwithstanding_o what_o you_o have_v say_v to_o the_o contrary_a that_o the_o precep_v give_v to_o servant_n by_o st._n peter_n do_v not_o concern_v subject_n i_o think_v i_o can_v very_o well_o prove_v that_o it_o do_v as_o appear_v from_o the_o example_n of_o christ_n which_o the_o apostle_n there_o recommend_v to_o our_o imitation_n who_o be_v the_o most_o innocent_a person_n in_o the_o world_n and_o yet_o suffer_v the_o most_o barbarous_a usage_n not_o from_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o private_a master_n but_o of_o the_o supreme_a power_n and_o therefore_o when_o he_o command_v in_o the_o same_o chapter_n to_o submit_v to_o governor_n as_o to_o those_o who_o be_v for_o the_o punishment_n of_o evil_a doer_n and_o the_o praise_n of_o they_o that_o do_v well_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o he_o do_v not_o intend_v this_o as_o a_o limitation_n of_o our_o subjection_n or_o as_o if_o we_o be_v not_o bind_v to_o be_v subject_a in_o other_o case_n since_o in_o the_o very_a same_o chapter_n he_o require_v subjection_n not_o only_o to_o the_o good_a and_o gentle_a master_n but_o also_o to_o the_o froward_a in_o imitation_n of_o the_o example_n of_o our_o lord_n who_o suffer_v patient_o under_o unjust_a and_o tyrannical_a power_n i_o observe_v therefore_o that_o the_o apostle_n do_v not_o allege_v this_o as_o the_o reason_n of_o our_o subjection_n but_o as_o a_o motive_n or_o argument_n to_o reconcile_v we_o to_o the_o practice_n of_o it_o the_o reason_n of_o our_o submission_n to_o prince_n be_v that_o they_o be_v advance_v by_o god_n that_o they_o be_v his_o minister_n that_o those_o who_o resist_v they_o resi_v the_o ordinance_n of_o god_n and_o therefore_o we_o must_v submit_v for_o god_n sake_n out_o of_o reverence_n to_o his_o authority_n but_o it_o be_v only_o a_o encouragement_n to_o subjection_n to_o consider_v the_o great_a advantage_n of_o government_n that_o ruler_n be_v not_o a_o terror_n to_o good_a work_n but_o to_o the_o evil._n but_o though_o this_o motive_n shall_v fail_v in_o some_o instance_n yet_o whilst_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o subjection_n last_v and_o that_o can_v never_o fail_v whilst_o we_o own_o the_o sovereign_a authority_n of_o god_n so_o long_o it_o be_v our_o duty_n to_o be_v subject_n whether_o our_o prince_n do_v his_o duty_n or_o not_o f._n although_o what_o you_o have_v now_o reply_v be_v no_o more_o in_o effect_n than_o â—_o repetition_n of_o what_o have_v be_v say_v before_o yet_o i_o forgive_v it_o since_o your_o cause_n will_v admit_v no_o other_o nor_o can_v i_o see_v any_o reason_n why_o natural_a judgement_n may_v 〈◊〉_d remove_v by_o force_n or_o natural_a mean_n but_o not_o moral_a or_o civil_a one_o unless_o you_o can_v also_o prove_v that_o it_o be_v god_n express_a command_n that_o we_o may_v remove_v the_o one_o but_o not_o the_o other_o nor_o have_v you_o prove_v it_o otherwise_o than_o by_o tell_v i_o that_o prince_n be_v god_n ordinance_n and_o be_v endue_v with_o irresistible_a power_n all_o which_o have_v be_v already_o consider_v and_o i_o have_v already_o show_v you_o it_o be_v neither_o command_v by_o god_n nor_o yet_o ordain_v for_o the_o common_a good_a of_o mankind_n and_o though_o i_o own_o that_o affliction_n may_v sometime_o serve_v for_o a_o punishment_n of_o a_o sinful_a nation_n yet_o it_o be_v as_o likely_a that_o such_o a_o great_a and_o last_a punishment_n as_o a_o merciless_a tyrant_n may_v as_o well_o bring_v the_o people_n to_o repentance_n and_o when_o they_o be_v sufficient_o amend_v they_o may_v very_o well_o enjoy_v the_o benefit_n of_o it_o and_o they_o may_v as_o well_o expect_v that_o god_n will_v bless_v all_o lawful_a mean_n for_o that_o end_n whereof_o i_o take_v resistance_n or_o self-defence_n to_o be_v the_o principal_a since_o miracle_n be_v cease_v and_o of_o this_o we_o have_v a_o example_n in_o the_o 2_o d._n of_o king_n chap._n 18._o for_o though_o ahaz_n the_o father_n of_o ezekiah_n have_v submit_v himself_o and_o become_v tributary_n to_o the_o king_n of_o assyria_n yet_o when_o hâ—zekâ—ah_n his_o son_n turn_v to_o the_o lord_n it_o be_v say_v that_o he_o be_v with_o he_o and_o that_o he_o rebel_v against_o the_o king_n of_o assyria_n and_o serve_v he_o not_o and_o yet_o he_o be_v then_o as_o much_o subject_n to_o he_o as_o jehoiachin_n or_o zedekiah_n be_v afterward_o to_o nabuchadnezzar_n so_o that_o all_o that_o be_v new_a in_o this_o answer_n of_o you_o be_v only_o the_o fatal_a consequence_n that_o it_o will_v bring_v upon_o all_o family_n in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n for_o then_o forsooth_o children_n and_o servant_n may_v likewise_o pretend_v that_o the_o government_n of_o their_o father_n and_o master_n be_v so_o insupportable_a that_o it_o be_v no_o long_o to_o be_v endure_v and_o so_o may_v rebel_v against_o they_o and_o depose_v they_o which_o do_v by_o no_o mean_n follow_v for_o i_o have_v already_o prove_v at_o our_o first_o conversation_n that_o some_o sort_n of_o resistance_n for_o the_o preservation_n of_o life_n and_o limb_n may_v be_v lawful_a against_o the_o outrage_n or_o violence_n of_o a_o father_n or_o master_n of_o a_o family_n yet_o do_v i_o by_o no_o mean_n allow_v that_o they_o shall_v resist_v they_o for_o any_o other_o correction_n or_o severe_a usage_n which_o they_o shall_v inflict_v upon_o they_o since_o servant_n or_o slave_n whilst_o they_o continue_v under_o their_o master_n power_n can_v have_v no_o liberty_n or_o property_n of_o their_o own_o to_o defend_v and_o a_o son_n whilst_o he_o remain_v part_n of_o his_o father_n family_n i_o grant_v differ_v not_o from_o a_o servant_n so_o that_o all_o that_o
aught_o to_o be_v do_v either_o by_o son_n or_o servant_n in_o case_n the_o government_n of_o their_o father_n or_o master_n grow_v so_o cruel_a and_o tyrannical_a as_o not_o to_o be_v endure_v be_v to_o run_v away_o and_o leave_v their_o family_n and_o thus_o we_o read_v that_o hagar_n upon_o the_o severe_a usage_n of_o sarah_n her_o mistress_n flee_v from_o she_o nor_o be_v blame_v by_o the_o angel_n for_o so_o do_v nor_o be_v what_o you_o have_v now_o say_v to_o prove_v the_o subjection_n of_o servant_n and_o slave_n to_o be_v as_o absolute_a the_o one_o as_o the_o other_o at_o all_o convince_a for_o i_o have_v long_o since_o prove_v that_o a_o family_n and_o a_o kingdom_n be_v very_o different_a thing_n and_o that_o oeconomical_a and_o civil_a power_n do_v not_o only_o differ_v in_o specie_fw-la but_o in_o genere_fw-la too_o for_o though_o i_o grant_v that_o slavery_n may_v begin_v by_o compact_a as_o well_o as_o by_o war_n yet_o subjection_n to_o civil_a power_n can_v regular_o commence_v by_o compact_a only_o and_o therefore_o since_o the_o natural_a state_n of_o mankind_n be_v that_o of_o freedom_n from_o slavery_n all_o subject_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v in_o that_o state_n of_o freedom_n and_o to_o have_v a_o right_a both_o to_o their_o liberty_n and_o property_n which_o if_o the_o supreme_a power_n go_v about_o forcible_o to_o take_v away_o they_o then_o cease_v to_o be_v so_o since_o they_o take_v away_o the_o main_a end_n of_o their_o institution_n i_o mean_v this_o of_o such_o a_o people_n who_o be_v proper_o subject_n and_o not_o slave_n for_o of_o those_o who_o own_v themselves_o to_o be_v slave_n to_o their_o prince_n i_o tell_v you_o already_o i_o will_v not_o take_v upon_o i_o to_o meddle_v since_o i_o doubt_v whether_o such_o a_o empire_n can_v be_v call_v a_o civil_a government_n or_o not_o so_o that_o for_o all_o that_o you_o have_v hitherto_o say_v i_o must_v still_o believe_v st._n peter_n do_v not_o direct_v this_o precept_n to_o subject_n but_o to_o servant_n under_o the_o yoke_n that_o be_v to_o slave_n such_o as_o have_v no_o property_n in_o any_o thing_n nor_o power_n over_o their_o own_o person_n but_o may_v be_v sell_v and_o assign_v with_o their_o wife_n and_o child_n to_o who_o soever_o their_o master_n please_v which_o though_o not_o of_o divine_a institution_n yet_o since_o it_o be_v so_o ordain_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n of_o the_o empire_n neither_o jesus_n christ_n nor_o yet_o his_o apostle_n will_v make_v any_o alteration_n in_o it_o nor_o have_v he_o think_v fit_a to_o do_v so_o in_o any_o of_o those_o thing_n which_o we_o enjoy_v as_o our_o civil_a or_o natural_a right_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n or_o the_o municipal_a law_n of_o our_o country_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v not_o true_a that_o there_o be_v as_o perfect_v a_o subjection_n due_a to_o a_o sovereign_a prince_n as_o to_o a_o master_n unless_o the_o people_n of_o that_o nation_n have_v make_v themselves_o absolute_a slave_n to_o he_o instead_o of_o subject_n which_o can_v never_o be_v but_o by_o their_o own_o consent_n it_o be_v true_a a_o prince_n be_v more_o eminent_o the_o minister_n of_o god_n and_o act_n by_o a_o more_o sacred_a and_o inviolable_a authority_n than_o a_o master_n yet_o do_v it_o not_o therefore_o follow_v that_o he_o act_n as_o god_n minister_n or_o by_o this_o sacred_a or_o inviolable_a authority_n when_o he_o destroy_v or_o enslave_v the_o subject_n nor_o can_v you_o say_v that_o god_n have_v give_v he_o any_o authority_n so_o to_o do_v and_o as_o for_o the_o example_n of_o christ_n suffer_v which_o you_o urge_v as_o a_o reason_n of_o our_o absolute_a subjection_n to_o prince_n without_o any_o resistance_n i_o have_v answer_v that_o already_o and_o therefore_o need_v say_v no_o more_o to_o it_o but_o do_v own_o that_o in_o that_o great_a point_n of_o suffer_v for_o religion_n when_o we_o be_v lawful_o call_v thereunto_o we_o be_v to_o follow_v his_o example_n yet_o do_v it_o not_o prove_v that_o we_o be_v to_o suffer_v in_o all_o other_o case_n whatsoever_o concern_v which_o he_o have_v give_v we_o no_o express_a precept_n or_o command_n m._n i_o have_v something_o more_o to_o say_v to_o you_o about_o this_o matter_n of_o suffer_v for_o religion_n but_o i_o shall_v defer_v it_o at_o present_a and_o shall_v only_o now_o consider_v the_o evil_a consequence_n of_o your_o argument_n for_o resistance_n of_o the_o supreme_a power_n in_o any_o case_n whatsoever_o the_o sum_n of_o which_o 8._o if_o i_o can_v well_o remember_v be_v to_o this_o effect_n shall_v a_o prince_n be_v free_a from_o all_o correction_n till_o god_n almighty_n be_v please_v to_o chastise_v he_o must_v i_o sit_v still_o and_o suffer_v my_o throat_n to_o be_v cut_v my_o estate_n ruin_v and_o not_o dare_v in_o any_o case_n to_o defend_v myself_o till_o god_n be_v please_v to_o interpose_v and_o that_o in_o a_o age_n in_o which_o miracle_n be_v cease_v god_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n please_v to_o respite_v the_o punishment_n of_o oppressors_n till_o the_o next_o world_n and_o if_o i_o be_v ruin_v in_o this_o what_o comfort_n be_v it_o to_o i_o or_o i_o that_o the_o injury_n shall_v be_v punish_v when_o i_o shall_v reap_v no_o advantage_n by_o it_o 9_o and_o suppose_v the_o subject_n of_o such_o a_o prince_n shall_v succeed_v in_o their_o rebellion_n and_o prevail_v against_o he_o they_o must_v then_o submit_v to_o another_o prince_n of_o who_o they_o have_v no_o more_o assurance_n they_o shall_v be_v better_o treat_v and_o if_o they_o set_v up_o many_o they_o be_v all_o man_n and_o subject_a to_o be_v corrupt_v by_o power_n and_o greatness_n and_o in_o a_o anarchy_n every_o man_n will_v become_v a_o tyrant_n to_o his_o neighbour_n so_o that_o this_o doctrine_n of_o curb_v and_o resist_a prince_n be_v calculate_v for_o the_o ruin_n of_o mankind_n and_o tend_v to_o no_o body_n good_a but_o they_o who_o design_n thereby_o to_o gain_v a_o power_n of_o do_v to_o other_o what_o they_o pretend_v to_o fear_v and_o when_o all_o be_v do_v the_o punishment_n of_o prince_n who_o abuse_v their_o power_n must_v be_v leave_v to_o god_n almighty_a who_o only_o can_v and_o will_v punish_v his_o own_o minister_n now_o suppose_v all_o this_o be_v just_a as_o it_o be_v state_v if_o the_o injury_n a_o man_n suffer_v be_v insupportable_a under_o any_o government_n he_o may_v petition_v for_o relief_n and_o in_o all_o probability_n find_v it_o if_o not_o he_o may_v fly_v into_o another_o country_n for_o succour_n if_o he_o can_v do_v that_o neither_o he_o will_v scarce_o be_v able_a to_o resist_v so_o that_o if_o it_o be_v never_o so_o justifiable_a it_o can_v be_v of_o no_o use_n to_o any_o such_o miserable_a man_n for_o no_o prince_n though_o never_o so_o ill_o nature_a will_v attempt_v any_o such_o thing_n against_o any_o such_o number_n of_o man_n as_o be_v in_o a_o capacity_n of_o revenge_v the_o wrong_n do_v they_o when_o they_o will_v only_o out_o of_o hope_n they_o will_v not_o because_o they_o ought_v not_o nor_o will_v the_o history_n of_o all_o age_n put_v together_o afford_v one_o instance_n of_o a_o monarch_n that_o ever_o injure_v any_o man_n at_o this_o rate_n who_o he_o believe_v able_a if_o willing_a to_o revenge_v the_o wrong_n but_o that_o he_o take_v care_n as_o far_o as_o he_o can_v to_o prevent_v it_o and_o either_o to_o take_v he_o out_o of_o the_o way_n or_o to_o put_v he_o out_o of_o a_o possibility_n of_o a_o retaliation_n so_o that_o all_o discontent_a fretful_a rhetoric_n be_v of_o no_o use_n in_o any_o such_o case_n but_o then_o on_o the_o contrary_a if_o every_o ambitious_a and_o factious_a man_n may_v be_v leave_v at_o liberty_n to_o insinuate_v into_o the_o rabble_n and_o the_o great_a and_o little_a vulgar_a that_o prince_n be_v to_o be_v punish_v when_o they_o do_v amiss_o that_o they_o be_v bind_v to_o act_n according_a to_o law_n and_o to_o their_o oath_n and_o if_o they_o do_v otherwise_o be_v present_o to_o be_v treat_v as_o tyrant_n and_o the_o common_a enemy_n of_o mankind_n that_o it_o be_v lawful_a for_o a_o man_n to_o defend_v himself_o against_o the_o injustice_n and_o oppression_n of_o his_o prince_n etc._n etc._n this_o can_v only_o serve_v to_o fill_v the_o world_n with_o rebellion_n war_n and_o confusion_n in_o which_o more_o thousand_o of_o man_n and_o estate_n must_v of_o necessity_n be_v ruin_v and_o wife_n ravish_v and_o murder_v in_o the_o space_n of_o a_o few_o day_n than_o can_v be_v destroy_v by_o the_o worst_a tyrant_n that_o ever_o tread_v upon_o the_o earth_n among_o his_o own_o subject_n in_o the_o space_n of_o many_o year_n or_o of_o his_o whole_a life_n f._n i_o perceive_v you_o think_v this_o place_n of_o
same_o thing_n which_o as_o st._n paul_n tell_v we_o signify_v 142._o nonresistance_n only_o as_o st._n paul_n speak_v only_o of_o not_o resist_v the_o high_a power_n that_o be_v emperor_n and_o sovereign_a prince_n herein_o include_v all_o those_o who_o act_n by_o their_o authority_n and_o st._n peter_n to_o prevent_v all_o cavil_n and_o exception_n distinct_o mention_n both_o that_o we_o must_v submit_v to_o all_o humane_a power_n and_o authority_n not_o only_o to_o the_o king_n as_o supreme_a that_o be_v in_o st._n paul_n phrase_n to_o the_o high_a power_n to_o all_o sovereign_a prince_n who_o be_v invest_v with_o the_o supreme_a authority_n but_o also_o to_o those_o who_o be_v send_v by_o he_o who_o receive_v their_o authority_n and_o commission_n from_o the_o sovereign_a prince_n f._n you_o may_v spare_v your_o pain_n for_o make_v any_o long_a explanation_n on_o this_o text_n for_o i_o have_v already_o grant_v that_o all_o due_a submission_n be_v to_o be_v give_v not_o only_o to_o the_o supreme_a power_n but_o also_o to_o all_o those_o who_o be_v put_v in_o authority_n under_o they_o and_o that_o not_o only_o for_o wrath_n but_o for_o conscience_n sake_n yet_o be_v this_o place_n to_o be_v understand_v in_o the_o same_o sense_n as_o the_o former_a that_o be_v as_o far_o as_o they_o make_v use_v of_o this_o power_n for_o the_o great_a end_n of_o government_n viz._n the_o good_a and_o preservation_n of_o the_o people_n and_o not_o for_o their_o ruin_n and_o destruction_n by_o take_v away_o their_o life_n liberty_n and_o property_n at_o their_o pleasure_n so_o that_o this_o precept_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v according_a to_o the_o reason_n which_o both_o st._n peter_n and_o st._n paul_n give_v for_o this_o submission_n because_o ruler_n be_v not_o a_o terror_n to_o good_a work_n but_o to_o the_o evil_a and_o because_o such_o governor_n be_v for_o the_o punishment_n of_o evil-doer_n and_o for_o the_o praise_n of_o they_o that_o do_v well_o and_o even_o a_o government_n where_o a_o heathen_a prince_n have_v such_o supreme_a power_n may_v and_o do_v most_o common_o in_o respect_n to_o most_o of_o its_o subject_n give_v more_o countenance_n and_o encouragement_n to_o good_a work_n than_o bad_a one_o and_o therefore_o obedience_n to_o such_o a_o sort_n of_o governor_n be_v not_o only_o lawful_a but_o a_o duty_n nay_o though_o through_o ignorance_n and_o malice_n they_o may_v persecute_v the_o true_a religion_n for_o i_o have_v already_o prove_v that_o at_o the_o time_n of_o write_v of_o these_o epistle_n there_o be_v no_o actual_a persecution_n begin_v by_o the_o roman_a emperor_n against_o the_o christian_n and_o though_o they_o do_v afterward_o persecute_v they_o yet_o even_o such_o as_o do_v so_o be_v common_o man_n of_o good_a moral_n and_o have_v much_o of_o goodness_n justice_n and_o prudence_n in_o their_o nature_n such_o as_o be_v trajan_n and_o the_o two_o antoninâ—u's_fw-mi they_o will_v not_o fail_v extreme_o to_o encourage_v the_o practice_n of_o such_o and_o other_o virtue_n by_o their_o example_n and_o by_o good_a law_n preserve_v their_o subject_n from_o the_o mischief_n of_o immorality_n and_o keep_v they_o in_o order_n peace_n and_o sobriety_n but_o be_v it_o true_a when_o tyrant_n be_v they_o usurper_n or_o not_o not_o only_o govern_v contrary_a to_o but_o also_o subvert_v all_o the_o end_n of_o government_n m._n if_o this_o be_v the_o sense_n you_o put_v upon_o this_o place_n i_o think_v i_o shall_v easy_o show_v you_o not_o only_o the_o absurdity_n but_o perniciousness_n of_o this_o interpretation_n which_o indeed_o do_v undermine_v all_o that_o obedience_n and_o subjection_n that_o be_v due_a from_o subject_n to_o their_o sovereign_n unless_o they_o rule_v well_o that_o be_v according_a to_o their_o humour_n or_o fancy_n now_o i_o pray_v consider_v whether_o these_o great_a apostle_n intend_v to_o oblige_v the_o christian_n of_o that_o age_n to_o yield_v obedience_n to_o those_o power_n which_o then_o govern_v the_o world_n if_o they_o do_v as_o i_o think_v no_o man_n will_v be_v so_o hardly_o as_o to_o say_v 150._o that_o they_o do_v not_o than_o it_o will_v be_v proper_a to_o inquire_v whether_o what_o they_o here_o affirm_v and_o assign_v as_o the_o reason_n of_o their_o subjection_n that_o ruler_n be_v not_o a_o terror_n to_o good_a work_n but_o to_o the_o evil_a be_v true_a of_o the_o than_o roman_a emperor_n and_o governor_n or_o not_o if_o it_o be_v true_a than_o i_o believe_v it_o will_v hold_v true_a of_o all_o king_n in_o all_o age_n of_o the_o world_n for_o there_o can_v well_o be_v great_a tyrant_n than_o the_o roman_a emperor_n be_v at_o this_o time_n and_o so_o this_o will_v prove_v a_o eternal_a reason_n why_o we_o shall_v be_v subject_a to_o prince_n notwithstanding_o the_o many_o fault_n and_o miscarriage_n of_o their_o government_n and_o if_o it_o be_v not_o true_a it_o be_v very_o strange_a that_o two_o such_o great_a apostle_n shall_v use_v such_o a_o argument_n to_o persuade_v christian_n to_o submit_v to_o the_o power_n as_o only_o prove_v the_o quite_o contrary_a that_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o present_a power_n because_o they_o be_v unjust_a and_o tyrannical_a and_o which_o indeed_o in_o contradiction_n to_o the_o original_a design_n and_o institution_n of_o civil_a power_n weâ—e_v a_o terror_n to_o good_a work_n and_o not_o to_o the_o evil._n the_o christian_n be_v at_o this_o time_n actual_o persecute_v by_o the_o jew_n in_o palestine_n and_o if_o they_o be_v not_o then_o also_o persecute_v by_o the_o emperor_n yet_o it_o be_v that_o which_o they_o may_v daily_o expect_v consider_v their_o extraordinary_a wickedness_n and_o cruelty_n and_o yet_o the_o apostle_n exhort_v they_o not_o to_o resist_v the_o power_n because_o they_o be_v not_o that_o be_v shall_v not_o be_v a_o terror_n to_o good_a work_n but_o to_o the_o evil._n if_o by_o this_o he_o only_a mean_n ibid._n that_o they_o shall_v be_v subject_a to_o they_o while_o the_o encourage_v virtue_n and_o virtuous_a man_n but_o may_v rebel_v against_o they_o when_o they_o do_v the_o contrary_a how_o can_v the_o christian_n of_o those_o day_n think_v themselves_o oblige_v by_o this_o to_o submit_v to_o the_o high_a power_n for_o this_o be_v not_o their_o case_n they_o suffer_v for_o righteousness_n sake_n the_o supreme_a power_n be_v a_o terror_n to_o they_o though_o they_o be_v innocent_a though_o they_o can_v not_o charge_v they_o either_o with_o break_v the_o law_n of_o god_n or_o man_n and_o therefore_o upon_o your_o principle_n they_o be_v not_o bind_v to_o submit_v to_o they_o whenever_o they_o can_v find_v it_o safe_a to_o resist_v so_o that_o either_o you_o put_v a_o false_a comment_n upon_o the_o text_n or_o while_o the_o apostle_n undertake_v to_o deter_v they_o from_o resistance_n he_o urge_v such_o a_o argument_n as_o be_v proper_a only_o to_o persuade_v they_o to_o rebel_v f._n have_v you_o be_v please_v to_o have_v mind_v more_o attentive_o what_o i_o say_v last_o you_o will_v not_o have_v thus_o misrepresent_v my_o sense_n for_o i_o have_v already_o prove_v that_o there_o be_v no_o persecution_n in_o the_o roman_a empire_n against_o the_o christian_n when_o those_o epistle_n be_v write_v nor_o for_o many_o year_n after_o and_o i_o have_v also_o grant_v that_o if_o the_o emperor_n have_v so_o persecute_v they_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o have_v resist_v and_o therefore_o by_o good_a work_n and_o evil_a doer_n etc._n etc._n in_o both_o those_o text_n of_o st._n peter_n and_o st._n paul_n be_v not_o to_o be_v understand_v only_o believe_v in_o christ_n or_o behave_v themselves_o as_o become_v innocent_a christian_n but_o in_o general_a that_o at_o that_o time_n when_o the_o apostle_n write_v these_o epistle_n under_o claudius_n and_o the_o beginning_n of_o nero_n and_o indeed_o through_o his_o whole_a reign_n where_o he_o govern_v by_o his_o deputy_n the_o supreme_a power_n be_v then_o real_o a_o terror_n to_o evil_a work_n that_o be_v to_o all_o offence_n against_o good_a manner_n and_o the_o public_a peace_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o be_v also_o a_o punishment_n for_o evil-doer_n that_o be_v those_o that_o do_v transgress_v against_o the_o public_a law_n ordain_v for_o the_o restrain_v man_n from_o commit_v any_o sort_n of_o public_a wickedness_n or_o immorality_n so_o that_o i_o own_o that_o neither_o the_o heathen_n nor_o the_o christian_n have_v any_o reason_n to_o take_v arm_n or_o resist_v the_o supreme_a power_n at_o this_o time_n but_o admit_v there_o have_v be_v at_o that_o time_n great_a miscarriage_n and_o abuse_v commit_v under_o their_o government_n and_o that_o good_a man_n have_v be_v often_o time_n punish_v and_o evil_a one_o reward_v and_o the_o end_n of_o government_n to_o some_o degree_n pervert_v especial_o at_o rome_n where_o the_o
over_o the_o king_n in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n than_o it_o do_v for_o a_o creditor_n in_o the_o like_a state_n to_o compel_v by_o force_n his_o debtor_n to_o pay_v he_o a_o sum_n of_o money_n which_o he_o owe_v he_o in_o case_n there_o be_v no_o civil_a jurisdiction_n for_o he_o to_o appeal_v to_o and_o let_v we_o far_o suppose_v a_o council_n or_o parliament_n appoint_v who_o may_v remonstrate_v to_o the_o king_n his_o transgression_n or_o violation_n of_o the_o law_n yet_o this_o may_v be_v without_o any_o coercive_a power_n over_o his_o person_n or_o of_o make_v war_n upon_o he_o since_o the_o king_n may_v if_o he_o please_v remedy_n all_o these_o disorder_n by_o redress_v their_o grievance_n and_o punish_v the_o author_n of_o they_o so_o if_o he_o will_v wilful_o persist_v in_o such_o violation_n as_o strike_v at_o the_o fundamental_a constitution_n of_o the_o government_n and_o do_v also_o go_v about_o to_o execute_v they_o upon_o the_o people_n by_o force_n this_o be_v in_o effect_n a_o make_v war_n upon_o they_o i_o suppose_v they_o have_v then_o a_o just_a right_o to_o defend_v themselves_o against_o his_o tyranny_n so_o that_o if_o these_o right_n or_o privilege_n we_o now_o enjoy_v be_v not_o the_o mere_a concession_n of_o the_o king_n grace_n and_o favour_n as_o you_o affirm_v but_o reserve_v as_o part_v of_o their_o birthright_a at_o the_o original_a constitution_n of_o the_o government_n as_o i_o shall_v prove_v all_o our_o fundamental_a law_n be_v the_o people_n have_v then_o as_o much_o right_a to_o defend_v they_o their_o allegiance_n to_o he_o be_v upon_o that_o condition_n either_o express_a or_o imply_v as_o any_o other_o nation_n have_v to_o defend_v their_o life_n liberty_n and_o property_n against_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o supreme_a power_n or_o any_o commissioned_n by_o they_o as_o i_o hope_v i_o have_v already_o prove_v to_o you_o so_o that_o notwithstanding_o all_o that_o you_o have_v say_v to_o the_o contrary_a i_o think_v the_o notion_n of_o a_o mix_v or_o limit_a monarchy_n in_o the_o very_a institution_n may_v be_v agreeable_a to_o reason_n and_o practicable_a too_o either_o in_o this_o or_o any_o other_o kingdom_n and_o when_o you_o can_v prove_v the_o contrary_a by_o history_n or_o matter_n of_o fact_n as_o you_o promise_v i_o will_v give_v up_o the_o cause_n m._n you_o have_v broach_v a_o parcel_n of_o special_a commonwealth_n notion_n in_o which_o you_o be_v every_o way_n out_o as_o first_o in_o make_v the_o king_n authority_n derive_v either_o from_o or_o by_o the_o people_n consent_n whereas_o all_o our_o ancient_a lawyer_n call_v he_o god_n vicar_n or_o lieutenant_n on_o earth_n and_o not_o the_o people_n and_o in_o the_o next_o place_n in_o suppose_v he_o may_v be_v resist_v by_o force_n of_o arm_n whenever_o the_o people_n shall_v think_v themselves_o oppress_v or_o their_o fundamental_a right_n and_o liberty_n as_o you_o call_v they_o invade_v it_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o express_a declaration_n of_o the_o parliament_n by_o two_o serveral_a statute_n in_o the_o 2d_o year_n of_o the_o late_a king_n charles_n and_o though_o you_o disclaim_v all_o coercive_a power_n of_o the_o two_o house_n over_o the_o king_n yet_o it_o be_v only_o to_o place_v this_o right_n of_o resistance_n in_o a_o more_o fallible_a and_o ungovernable_a body_n viz._n the_o whole_a people_n in_o their_o natural_a capacity_n which_o as_o it_o be_v more_o consistent_a with_o your_o principle_n so_o it_o be_v more_o dangerous_a to_o all_o supreme_a power_n as_o well_o commonwealth_n as_o monarchy_n as_o i_o have_v partly_o show_v you_o already_o and_o i_o hope_v may_v far_o convince_v you_o before_o i_o have_v do_v but_o since_o i_o have_v not_o now_o time_n to_o show_v you_o the_o falsity_n and_o absurdity_n of_o these_o notion_n and_o to_o urge_v the_o statute_n at_o large_a against_o resistance_n in_o any_o case_n whatsoever_o i_o pray_v go_v on_o in_o the_o method_n you_o have_v propose_v and_o let_v i_o see_v how_o you_o can_v make_v out_o that_o even_o our_o parliament_n do_v not_o derive_v that_o privilege_n they_o now_o enjoy_v of_o give_v their_o consent_n to_o law_n as_o also_o their_o very_a be_v to_o the_o gracious_a concession_n of_o our_o former_a monarch_n f._n that_o i_o shall_v do_v with_o all_o my_o heart_n but_o first_o let_v i_o tell_v you_o that_o though_o i_o own_o the_o king_n to_o be_v god_n lieutenant_n in_o these_o his_o dominion_n yet_o i_o must_v likewise_o aver_v that_o it_o be_v only_o by_o the_o consent_n and_o voluntary_a submission_n of_o the_o people_n of_o this_o nation_n that_o the_o first_o monarch_n begin_v where_o you_o will_v can_v obtain_v that_o title_n and_o as_o for_o those_o statute_n you_o mention_v against_o all_o resistance_n in_o any_o case_n whatsoever_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o to_o show_v you_o that_o it_o be_v never_o the_o intent_n of_o that_o parliament_n to_o debar_v we_o from_o all_o necessary_a resistance_n and_o self-defence_n in_o case_n of_o illegal_a violence_n and_o intolerable_a oppression_n unless_o you_o can_v suppose_v they_o be_v resolve_v to_o alter_v the_o government_n and_o to_o put_v it_o into_o the_o king_n power_n to_o destroy_v all_o our_o law_n and_o liberty_n and_o instead_o of_o a_o lawful_a king_n to_o set_v up_o for_o a_o lawless_a tyrant_n when_o ever_o he_o please_v but_o to_o come_v to_o the_o matter_n in_o hand_n i_o shall_v show_v you_o that_o it_o be_v not_o at_o all_o impossible_a or_o improbable_a that_o without_o any_o hindrance_n of_o that_o power_n which_o be_v necessary_a to_o the_o king_n as_o supreme_a that_o he_o may_v for_o all_o that_o 3._o have_v be_v limit_v as_o to_o the_o legislative_a at_o the_o first_o institution_n of_o the_o government_n which_o i_o shall_v thus_o make_v out_o i_o do_v therefore_o in_o the_o first_o place_n suppose_v that_o the_o english_a saxon_n be_v a_o free_a people_n after_o their_o conquest_n of_o this_o island_n as_o well_o noble_n as_o commons_z do_v agree_v by_o their_o free_a consent_n and_o public_a compact_n to_o set_v over_o themselves_o a_o prince_n or_o sovereign_a and_o to_o resign_v up_o themselves_o to_o he_o to_o be_v govern_v by_o such_o and_o such_o fundamental_a law_n here_o be_v a_o supremacy_n of_o power_n set_v up_o though_o limit_v as_o to_o the_o manner_n of_o its_o exercise_n 2._o then_o because_o in_o all_o government_n after_o case_n will_v arise_v require_v a_o addition_n of_o law_n suppose_v they_o covenant_v with_o their_o sovereign_n that_o if_o there_o be_v any_o cause_n to_o constitute_v any_o new_a law_n he_o shall_v not_o by_o his_o sole_a power_n perform_v that_o work_n but_o that_o they_o will_v reserve_v in_o themselves_o a_o concurrent_a or_o co-operative_a power_n so_o that_o they_o will_v be_v bind_v by_o no_o law_n but_o what_o they_o join_v with_o he_o in_o the_o make_n of_o 3._o i_o suppose_v that_o though_o the_o noble_n may_v personal_o convenâ—_n yet_o since_o the_o commons_o be_v so_o numerous_a can_v meet_v together_o in_o person_n therefore_o for_o the_o do_v of_o this_o work_n it_o be_v agree_v that_o every_o city_n of_o considerable_a town_n shall_v have_v power_n to_o depute_v one_o or_o more_o to_o act_n for_o the_o whole_a body_n in_o the_o legislature_n that_o the_o noble_n by_o themselves_o in_o person_n and_o the_o commons_o by_o their_o deputy_n assemble_v there_o may_v be_v representative_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o kingdom_n with_o power_n to_o execute_v that_o authority_n reserve_v for_o establish_v new_a law_n 4._o since_o the_o occasion_n and_o need_v of_o make_v such_o law_n and_o expound_v the_o old_a one_o can_v not_o be_v constant_a and_o perpetual_a therefore_o we_o may_v far_o suppose_v for_o the_o avoid_n of_o the_o inconvenience_n of_o three_o stand_v coordinate_a power_n they_o do_v not_o establish_v these_o estate_n to_o be_v constant_o existent_a but_o occasional_o as_o the_o cause_n for_o which_o they_o be_v ordain_v shall_v require_v 5._o because_o a_o monarchy_n be_v intend_v and_o therefore_o a_o supremacy_n of_o power_n as_o far_o as_o be_v necessary_a must_v be_v reserve_v in_o one_o it_o be_v conclude_v that_o these_o estate_n shall_v be_v still_o assembly_n of_o his_o subject_n and_o swear_v allegiance_n to_o he_o and_o that_o all_o new_a law_n which_o by_o agreement_n of_o these_o power_n shall_v be_v enact_v shall_v run_v in_o his_o name_n and_o be_v call_v his_o law_n and_o they_o all_o bind_v to_o obey_v he_o in_o they_o when_o thus_o establish_v and_o last_o it_o be_v suppose_v that_o he_o who_o thus_o be_v to_o govern_v by_o law_n and_o for_o the_o furtherance_n of_o who_o government_n such_o new_a law_n be_v to_o be_v make_v shall_v best_o understand_v when_o there_o be_v need_n of_o they_o and_o that_o the_o convening_n and_o
dissolve_v of_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o estate_n be_v a_o power_n of_o great_a trust_n it_o be_v put_v into_o the_o prince_n hand_n by_o writ_n to_o convocate_v as_o also_o to_o prorogue_v or_o dissolve_v such_o meeting_n but_o in_o process_n of_o time_n some_o prince_n not_o care_v much_o to_o have_v their_o government_n look_v into_o or_o to_o have_v any_o power_n in_o be_v but_o their_o own_o take_v advantage_n of_o this_o power_n of_o assemble_v these_o estate_n do_v more_o seldom_o then_o need_v require_v make_v use_n of_o it_o whereupon_o provision_n be_v make_v and_o a_o time_n set_v by_o new_a statute_n within_o which_o a_o assembly_n of_o parliament_n be_v to_o be_v hold_v now_o when_o you_o have_v make_v these_o true_a supposition_n in_o your_o mind_n you_o have_v the_o very_a model_n and_o history_n of_o this_o monarchy_n and_o we_o shall_v easy_o find_v what_o to_o answer_v to_o the_o argument_n before_o produce_v on_o either_o side_n for_o first_o it_o be_v his_o parliament_n because_o a_o assembly_n of_o his_o subject_n convocate_v by_o his_o writ_n to_o be_v his_o council_n and_o to_o assist_v he_o in_o make_v law_n for_o he_o to_o govern_v by_o yet_o not_o he_o as_o other_o court_n be_v as_o derive_v their_o whole_a authority_n from_o the_o king_n so_o likewise_o his_o power_n of_o assemble_v and_o dissolve_v they_o prove_v he_o thus_o far_o above_o they_o because_o though_o as_o to_o the_o time_n of_o their_o meeting_n it_o depend_v on_o he_o yet_o their_o power_n and_o authority_n quoad_fw-la specificationem_fw-la i._n e._n the_o be_v kind_a and_o exercise_n of_o it_o be_v from_o the_o original_a constitution_n for_o as_o to_o that_o they_o expect_v no_o commission_n and_o authority_n from_o he_o but_o only_o for_o their_o meeting_n to_o proceed_v to_o act_n but_o when_o meet_v they_o act_v according_a to_o the_o original_a right_n of_o their_o constitution_n and_o those_o act_n proceed_v from_o their_o conjunct_a authority_n with_o not_o from_o their_o subordination_n to_o the_o king_n in_o the_o legislative_a as_o also_o in_o lay_v of_o tax_n etc._n etc._n on_o the_o people_n the_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n indeed_o bind_v they_o as_o his_o subject_n to_o obey_v he_o govern_v according_a to_o establish_v law_n but_o yet_o it_o suppose_v they_o to_o be_v build_v upon_o the_o foundation_n of_o his_o legal_a government_n and_o must_v not_o be_v interpret_v to_o vndermine_n and_o destroy_v it_o he_o be_v hereby_o acknowledge_v to_o be_v supreme_a so_o far_o as_o to_o rule_v they_o by_o law_n already_o make_v or_o to_o be_v make_v but_o not_o without_o they_o so_o that_o this_o be_v no_o derogation_n to_o the_o legislative_a power_n of_o parliament_n and_o i_o believe_v of_o these_o thing_n no_o unprejudiced_a man_n can_v make_v any_o question_n and_o herein_o consist_v the_o accurate_a judgement_n of_o the_o contriver_n of_o this_o form_n that_o they_o have_v give_v so_o much_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o sovereign_n as_o to_o make_v he_o true_o a_o monarch_n yet_o have_v reserve_v so_o much_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o people_n as_o to_o enable_v they_o to_o preserve_v their_o law_n and_o liberty_n m._n i_o confess_v you_o have_v give_v a_o long_a and_o plausible_a account_n of_o the_o original_a and_o form_n of_o our_o government_n though_o if_o it_o come_v to_o be_v examine_v i_o doubt_v it_o will_v prove_v a_o mere_a romance_n and_o not_o at_o all_o agreeable_a to_o true_a history_n or_o matter_n of_o fact_n since_o if_o we_o look_v to_o the_o elder_a time_n either_o after_o the_o saxon_a or_o norman_a conquest_n we_o shall_v find_v the_o power_n of_o our_o king_n to_o have_v be_v still_o more_o absolute_a than_o they_o be_v now_o and_o i_o think_v i_o can_v easy_o trace_v the_o step_n by_o which_o the_o people_n have_v attain_v to_o all_o the_o power_n and_o privilege_n they_o now_o enjoy_v which_o as_o i_o do_v not_o grudge_v the_o nobility_n and_o people_n of_o this_o nation_n yet_o they_o ought_v to_o exercise_v it_o with_o a_o due_a respect_n and_o subordination_n to_o that_o power_n from_o which_o they_o be_v all_o at_o first_o derive_v lest_o if_o they_o shall_v ascribe_v they_o to_o themselves_o the_o king_n shall_v be_v tempt_v to_o destroy_v those_o great_a privilege_n and_o take_v away_o the_o very_o be_v of_o parliament_n to_o make_v law_n without_o they_o but_o to_o show_v you_o far_o that_o this_o notion_n of_o a_o independent_a power_n in_o the_o two_o house_n by_o the_o original_a constitution_n of_o the_o government_n be_v altogether_o inconsistent_a with_o the_o king_n prerogative_n appear_v from_o clear_a matter_n of_o fact_n even_o as_o you_o yourself_o have_v put_v it_o for_o when_o king_n think_v fit_a not_o to_o have_v their_o power_n control_v you_o acknowledge_v they_o call_v parliament_n less_o frequent_o than_o usual_a and_o that_o thereupon_o there_o be_v divers_a law_n make_v appoint_v certain_a time_n for_o their_o meeting_n from_o whence_o it_o appear_v that_o before_o this_o the_o time_n of_o their_o meeting_n be_v whole_o leave_v to_o his_o discretion_n nay_o far_o that_o the_o king_n prerogative_n of_o assemble_v they_o or_o omit_v it_o when_o he_o please_v can_v be_v limit_v by_o any_o act_n himself_o can_v make_v appear_v from_o hence_o that_o notwithstanding_o all_o those_o law_n that_o have_v be_v make_v for_o annual_a and_o triennual_a parliament_n our_o king_n have_v never_o think_v themselves_o oblige_v to_o call_v parliament_n ofâ—ner_o than_o they_o see_v their_o own_o occasion_n or_o the_o necessity_n of_o the_o people_n which_o they_o themselves_o be_v sole_a judge_n of_o require_v nor_o do_v any_o parliament_n ever_o find_v fault_n with_o this_o till_o that_o rebellious_a one_o in_o 1641._o which_o have_v the_o confidence_n to_o present_v to_o the_o king_n a_o bill_n to_o be_v past_a whereby_o it_o be_v not_o only_o enact_v that_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o parliament_n every_o three_o year_n but_o that_o upon_o the_o king_n be_v omit_v to_o issue_n forth_o writ_n of_o summons_n the_o sheriff_n nay_o constable_n may_v summon_v the_o freeholders_n and_o proceed_v to_o election_n and_o that_o the_o lord_n may_v also_o meet_v without_o any_o writ_n from_o the_o king_n which_o be_v quite_o contrary_a to_o the_o original_a constitution_n by_o which_o as_o you_o yourself_o grant_v there_o can_v be_v no_o parliament_n without_o his_o summons_n he_o be_v principium_fw-la capus_fw-la &_o finis_fw-la parliament_n and_o if_o so_o it_o seem_v whole_o improbable_a nay_o impossible_a to_o i_o that_o your_o two_o house_n shall_v have_v by_o the_o original_a constitution_n any_o power_n of_o meeting_n or_o do_v any_o thing_n without_o his_o majesty_n consent_n and_o allowance_n and_o we_o know_v that_o at_o this_o day_n the_o spâ—aker_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o desire_n of_o the_o king_n liberty_n of_o speech_n and_o king_n henry_n 8_o and_o queen_n elizabeth_n do_v sometime_o rebuke_v the_o house_n of_o commons_o and_o send_v to_o they_o to_o desist_v when_o they_o be_v about_o to_o pass_v any_o bill_n they_o do_v not_o approve_v of_o or_o to_o meddle_v with_o those_o thing_n which_o do_v not_o belong_v to_o they_o which_o plain_o declare_v that_o contrary_a to_o your_o affection_n neither_o of_o the_o two_o house_n have_v any_o power_n to_o proceed_v upon_o any_o business_n or_o to_o pass_v any_o bill_n which_o the_o king_n disapprove_v of_o and_o though_o i_o grant_v that_o they_o do_v not_o ask_v the_o king_n leave_n for_o the_o bring_n in_o or_o pass_v of_o all_o bill_n whatsoever_o in_o either_o house_n or_o that_o the_o king_n can_v command_v they_o to_o give_v he_o what_o money_n or_o pass_v what_o bill_n he_o please_v yet_o this_o privilege_n must_v needs_o proceed_v from_o his_o grant_n or_o concession_n to_o the_o contrary_a whereby_o though_o he_o have_v discharge_v they_o from_o a_o active_a obedience_n to_o such_o command_n yet_o have_v he_o not_o thereby_o divest_v himself_o of_o any_o of_o the_o essential_a right_n of_o sovereignty_n or_o at_o all_o discharge_v they_o from_o a_o passive_a obedience_n or_o submission_n to_o his_o power_n suppose_v the_o worst_a that_o can_v happen_v that_o he_o shall_v take_v away_o what_o share_n he_o please_v of_o the_o subject_n estate_n without_o their_o consent_n or_o make_v his_o own_o edict_n and_o proclamation_n to_o be_v observe_v for_o law_n since_o the_o king_n authority_n be_v prior_n to_o all_o other_o and_o that_o as_o the_o statute_n of_o edward_n the_o 6_o and_o queen_n elizabeth_z which_o i_o have_v already_o quote_v express_o declare_v all_o power_n authority_n and_o jurisdiction_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a be_v derive_v whole_o from_o the_o king_n so_o that_o unless_o your_o legislative_a power_n of_o parliament_n be_v somewhat_o that_o be_v neither_o a_o authority_n
voluntate_fw-la &_o precipto_n domini_fw-la regis_fw-la nec_fw-la non_fw-la â—â—â—datorum_fw-la baâ—onium_fw-la ac_fw-la etiam_fw-la communitatis_fw-la tunc_fw-la ibidem_fw-la praesentium_fw-la m._n i_o think_v the_o dr._n have_v give_v we_o full_a satisfaction_n as_o to_o this_o record_n p._n in_o his_o answer_n to_o mr._n p._n the_o substance_n of_o which_o i_o shall_v here_o give_v you_o in_o short_a first_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o at_o the_o make_n of_o this_o force_a peace_n simon_n mountford_n and_o his_o faction_n then_o hold_v the_o king_n and_o prince_n as_o also_o richard_n earl_n of_o cornwall_n the_o king_n brother_n as_o good_a as_o prisoner_n and_o make_v they_o do_v what_o he_o please_v and_o he_o carry_v the_o king_n and_o prince_n along_o with_o he_o until_o he_o have_v take_v in_o all_o the_o strong_a place_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o when_o he_o have_v do_v than_o he_o call_v this_o parliament_n which_o can_v not_o be_v one_o in_o the_o sense_n it_o be_v now_o take_v since_o there_o be_v none_o there_o but_o the_o earl_n baron_n and_o head_n of_o the_o rebel_n which_o have_v the_o king_n and_o prince_n in_o their_o power_n and_o as_o you_o yourself_o set_v forth_o be_v the_o same_o person_n that_o seal_v it_o for_o themselves_o and_o the_o other_o baron_n and_o the_o whole_a community_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n which_o community_n must_v be_v the_o community_n of_o the_o baron_n and_o great_a man_n or_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la by_o military_a service_n and_o no_o other_o for_o how_o can_v the_o lord_n and_o baron_n sign_v any_o thing_n for_o the_o commons_o as_o at_o this_o day_n understand_v they_o do_v not_o then_o nor_o now_o do_v represent_v they_o 217._o but_o i_o shall_v give_v you_o another_o authority_n to_o make_v this_o clear_a of_o some_o year_n before_o relate_v in_o matt._n paris_n viz._n anno_fw-la dom._n 12â—â—_n 42_o d_o hen._n iii_o where_o letter_n be_v say_v to_o be_v send_v a_o communitate_fw-la angliae_fw-la to_o the_o pope_n concern_v aymer_n de_fw-fr valence_n bishop_n elect_n of_o wachester_n the_o direction_n be_v thus_o sanctissimo_fw-la in_o christo_fw-la patri_fw-la etc._n etc._n communitas_fw-la comitum_fw-la procerum_fw-la magnatum_fw-la aliorumque_fw-la regni_fw-la angliae_fw-la cum_fw-la subjectione_n debita_fw-la pedum_n osrâ—â—â—_n etc._n etc._n and_o to_o put_v the_o matter_n beyond_o all_o doubt_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o these_o letter_n be_v seal_v by_o six_o earl_n and_o five_o baron_n only_o vice_fw-la totius_fw-la communitatis_fw-la i_o need_v 〈◊〉_d give_v you_o their_o name_n since_o you_o may_v find_v they_o in_o the_o author_n himself_o as_o also_o cite_v by_o the_o dr._n and_o as_o for_o h._n bigod_n the_o chief_a justice_n and_o the_o four_o person_n name_v after_o he_o they_o be_v prove_v by_o sir_n william_n dugdale_n in_o his_o baronage_n of_o england_n to_o have_v be_v the_o great_a baron_n in_o the_o kingdom_n now_o pray_v let_v i_o ask_v you_o this_o question_n do_v these_o eleven_o person_n all_o great_a earl_n and_o baron_n represent_v the_o whole_a commons_o or_o community_n of_o england_n as_o at_o this_o day_n understand_v or_o do_v they_o represent_v the_o community_n of_o the_o baron_n only_o together_o with_o the_o alios_fw-la the_o milites_fw-la which_o hold_v by_o military_a service_n of_o the_o great_a baron_n and_o the_o less_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la for_o the_o whole_a community_n here_o intend_v must_v be_v one_o of_o they_o take_v which_o you_o please_v you_o will_v lose_v the_o cause_n for_o certain_o these_o great_a 〈◊〉_d and_o baron_n that_o seal_v this_o letter_n vice_fw-la totius_fw-la communitatis_fw-la be_v not_o choose_v nor_o send_v by_o the_o commons_o to_o this_o parliament_n or_o meeting_n nor_o be_v the_o commons_o represent_v as_o at_o this_o day_n by_o they_o as_o you_o yourself_o have_v already_o grant_v f._n i_o hope_v i_o shall_v not_o need_v to_o make_v any_o long_a reply_n to_o this_o answer_n of_o youâ—â—_n or_o rather_o of_o your_o dr.'s_n since_o it_o be_v build_v upon_o the_o same_o false_a supposition_n with_o the_o other_o viz._n that_o the_o word_n cum_fw-la communitate_fw-la tot_fw-la â_fw-la regni_fw-la angliae_fw-la must_v always_o mean_v only_o the_o community_n of_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la which_o supposition_n if_o it_o be_v false_a in_o your_o former_a argument_n be_v also_o as_o false_a in_o this_o of_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o too_o and_o therefore_o it_o be_v impertinent_a to_o repeat_v my_o answer_n to_o it_o but_o if_o this_o be_v no_o true_a parliament_n because_o simon_n mountford_n have_v then_o the_o king_n and_o prince_n in_o his_o power_n this_o will_v likewise_o serve_v to_o unparliament_n that_o of_o the_o 49_o the_o of_o this_o king_n from_o whence_o the_o gentleman_n of_o your_o opinion_n date_n the_o first_o come_v of_o the_o commons_o to_o parliament_n since_o the_o king_n and_o prince_n be_v as_o much_o in_o simon_n mountford_n power_n then_o as_o now_o and_o yet_o no_o man_n as_o i_o know_v of_o ever_o question_v the_o validity_n of_o it_o though_o i_o can_v also_o omit_v that_o you_o pass_v by_o in_o this_o letter_n the_o word_n magnatum_fw-la aliorumque_fw-la regni_fw-la under_o which_o word_n as_o i_o have_v already_o prove_v may_v very_o well_o be_v comprehend_v all_o the_o knight_n of_o shire_n as_o well_o as_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n unless_o the_o word_n have_v run_v thus_o as_o they_o shall_v have_v do_v to_o have_v make_v out_o your_o assertion_n aliorumque_fw-la qui_fw-la de_fw-la rege_fw-la tenent_n in_fw-la capite_fw-la but_o to_o come_v to_o the_o main_a point_n you_o insist_v upon_o which_o be_v how_o these_o great_a earlâ—_n and_o baron_n can_v seal_v this_o form_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o these_o letter_n to_o the_o pope_n in_o the_o name_n of_o all_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n before_o i_o answer_v to_o that_o i_o pray_v give_v i_o leave_v to_o ask_v you_o one_o question_n you_o have_v already_o allow_v that_o the_o ordinary_a tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la of_o which_o that_o numerous_a body_n chief_o consist_v though_o call_v by_o courtesy_n barones_n minores_fw-la be_v real_o no_o baron_n nor_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o if_o so_o be_v but_o commoner_n now_o pray_v tell_v i_o how_o these_o great_a earl_n and_o baron_n you_o mention_v to_o have_v sign_v this_o peace_n and_o this_o letter_n to_o the_o pope_n can_v put_v their_o seal_n for_o those_o who_o be_v no_o baron_n themselves_o by_o your_o own_o confession_n and_o you_o can_v say_v they_o represent_v they_o for_o they_o be_v as_o good_a tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la as_o the_o great_a lord_n but_o if_o you_o say_v they_o do_v it_o by_o their_o order_n and_o consent_n pray_v why_o may_v not_o these_o great_a lord_n or_o baron_n as_o well_o do_v the_o like_a for_o the_o knight_n of_o shire_n and_o burgess_n by_o their_o appointment_n since_o i_o have_v already_o prove_v that_o the_o lord_n do_v act_v thus_o in_o the_o letter_n which_o be_v send_v to_o the_o pope_n concern_v the_o business_n of_o scotland_n and_o beside_o i_o must_v here_o observe_v that_o the_o dr._n and_o you_o do_v not_o deal_v fair_o with_o your_o adversary_n in_o cite_v this_o authority_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o baron_n sign_v these_o letter_n to_o the_o pope_n vice_n tâ—tius_fw-la communitatâ—s_fw-la angliae_fw-la since_o i_o acknowledge_v in_o this_o place_n the_o word_n communitas_fw-la be_v put_v alone_o do_v mean_v no_o more_o than_o the_o community_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n but_o in_o the_o authority_n i_o have_v quote_v it_o be_v put_v after_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n and_o so_o then_o must_v mean_v the_o whole_a commonalty_n or_o body_n of_o the_o commons_o in_o the_o sense_n they_o be_v now_o take_v and_o as_o it_o have_v be_v always_o use_v in_o french_a as_o well_o as_o in_o latin_a when_o it_o come_v after_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n as_o i_o have_v already_o note_v and_o for_o this_o pray_v see_v the_o stat._n of_o westm._n i._o make_v 3_o d_o edw._n i._n but_o eleven_o year_n after_o the_o 49_o the_o of_o hen._n iii_o per_n l'assâ—ntments_n des_fw-fr aechievesques_n evesques_n abbes_n prior_n count_n baron_n &_o tout_fw-fr le_fw-fr commonalty_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr terre_fw-fr illonques_fw-la summone_n which_o phrase_n i_o can_v show_v you_o to_o have_v continue_v the_o same_o in_o most_o of_o our_o french_a statute_n during_o the_o reign_n of_o this_o king_n and_o all_o his_o successor_n in_o many_o record_n and_o act_n of_o parliament_n whilst_o they_o be_v write_v in_o latin_a or_o french_a which_o i_o shall_v omit_v recite_v because_o i_o suppose_v you_o yourself_o will_v allow_v it_o i_o have_v a_o great_a deal_n more_o to_o say_v concern_v the_o true_a sense_n of_o the_o word_n communitas_fw-la le_fw-fr commune_fw-la &_o le_fw-fr communality_n which_o because_o it_o be_v long_o and_o it_o now_o grow_v late_a i_o shall_v
need_n of_o insert_v any_o clause_n to_o this_o charter_n of_o reserve_v or_o confer_v any_o power_n to_o this_o common_a council_n of_o grant_v tax_n and_o give_v their_o assent_n to_o law_n because_o they_o be_v thing_n which_o at_o that_o time_n they_o have_v no_o reason_n to_o complain_v of_o since_o we_o do_v not_o read_v that_o king_n john_n as_o arbitrary_a as_o he_o be_v ever_o take_v upon_o he_o to_o make_v any_o new_a law_n without_o their_o consent_n and_o beside_o it_o be_v implicit_o reserve_v to_o they_o by_o the_o last_o clause_n of_o this_o charter_n viz._n save_v to_o the_o arch-bishop_n bishop_n etc._n etc._n earl_n baron_n knight_n and_o all_o other_o etc._n etc._n the_o liberty_n and_o free_a custom_n which_o they_o have_v before_o so_o that_o there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o any_o other_o clause_n than_o this_o because_o it_o have_v be_v not_o only_o the_o custom_n but_o the_o law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n for_o the_o king_n to_o lay_v tax_n and_o assess_v escuage_z upon_o the_o nation_n without_o the_o consent_n or_o assistance_n of_o this_o great_a council_n which_o grow_v now_o so_o great_a a_o grievance_n that_o they_o will_v not_o be_v content_v until_o the_o king_n by_o this_o charter_n have_v renounce_v it_o f._n i_o shall_v not_o now_o trouble_v myself_o or_o you_o to_o confute_v this_o mistake_n of_o you_o that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n can_v legal_o raise_v tax_n upon_o all_o their_o subject_n without_o consent_n of_o their_o great_a council_n or_o that_o they_o ever_o exercise_v such_o a_o prerogative_n unless_o it_o be_v in_o the_o violent_a reign_n of_o the_o two_o williams_n and_o then_o if_o it_o be_v ever_o do_v it_o be_v only_o upon_o their_o english_a and_o not_o their_o norman_a subject_n the_o latter_a be_v exempt_a from_o it_o by_o the_o very_a magna_fw-la charta_fw-la of_o king_n william_n i._o by_o your_o own_o confession_n nor_o will_v they_o i_o believe_v have_v bear_v it_o at_o his_o hand_n but_o i_o shall_v speak_v more_o particular_o of_o this_o another_o time_n only_o pray_v give_v i_o leave_v to_o ask_v you_o this_o one_o question_n if_o this_o charter_n of_o king_n john_n have_v be_v intend_v as_o a_o constant_a stand_a rule_n or_o form_n not_o only_o for_o this_o but_o all_o succeed_a common_a council_n or_o parliament_n what_o can_v be_v the_o reason_n that_o this_o clause_n you_o so_o much_o insist_v upon_o of_o summon_v all_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la shall_v be_v omit_v in_o the_o great_a charter_n of_o hen._n iii_o grant_v in_o the_o 2d_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n and_o but_o three_o year_n after_o the_o 17._o of_o king_n john_n when_o these_o charter_n be_v first_o grant_v as_o also_o when_o it_o be_v again_o confirm_v in_o the_o 9th_o of_o hen._n iii_o for_o can_v any_o one_o of_o sense_n imagine_v that_o so_o material_a a_o clause_n as_o this_o and_o so_o express_v for_o the_o right_n and_o privilege_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la as_o the_o sole_a representative_n of_o the_o whole_a nation_n can_v have_v be_v omit_v have_v they_o alone_o in_o those_o time_n constitute_v the_o common_a great_a council_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n how_o come_v it_o to_o pâ—sâ—_n that_o in_o all_o the_o record_n of_o hen._n iii_o reign_n wherein_o this_o charter_n be_v mention_v it_o be_v always_o recite_v magna_fw-la charta_fw-la nostra_fw-la viz._n his_o own_o charter_n without_o take_v notice_n of_o his_o father_n i_o shall_v be_v glad_a to_o receive_v a_o satisfactory_a answer_n to_o this_o question_n from_o yourself_o or_o any_o other_o intelligent_a person_n m._n i_o hope_v i_o may_v give_v you_o a_o satisfactory_a answer_n to_o this_o scruple_n which_o i_o think_v may_v be_v thus_o satisfy_v i_o conceive_v that_o the_o first_o great_a charter_n we_o have_v which_o be_v commoly_a attribute_v to_o henry_n iii_o and_o style_v his_o charter_n in_o our_o statute-book_n be_v proper_o the_o charter_n of_o edw._n i._n or_o perhaps_o rather_o his_o explication_n or_o enlargement_n of_o those_o charter_n of_o king_n john_n and_o henry_n iii_o for_o we_o find_v not_o the_o great_a charter_n either_o of_o that_o or_o king_n john_n in_o any_o of_o the_o roll_n until_o the_o 25_o of_o edw._n i._n and_o he_o have_v a_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n for_o confirm_v this_o charter_n than_o henry_n iii_o have_v now_o in_o this_o charter_n then_o confirm_v there_o be_v no_o provision_n make_v for_o any_o summons_n to_o great_a council_n or_o parliament_n and_o the_o reason_n may_v well_o be_v because_o the_o constitution_n of_o great_a council_n or_o parliament_n be_v late_o change_v from_o what_o it_o be_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o king_n john_n time_n and_o till_o the_o 49._o of_o henry_n iii_o nor_o perhaps_o be_v it_o so_o fix_a and_o peremptory_o resolve_v on_o at_o this_o time_n what_o it_o shall_v exact_o be_v for_o the_o future_a as_o to_o have_v it_o make_v a_o article_n of_o the_o charter_n and_o to_o this_o conjecture_n the_o frequent_a variation_n of_o summons_n to_o parliament_n in_o those_o time_n do_v give_v a_o probable_a confirmation_n f._n i_o be_o not_o at_o all_o satisfy_v with_o this_o supposition_n of_o you_o for_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o to_o prove_v that_o it_o be_v altogether_o vain_a and_o ground_v upon_o no_o good_a authority_n either_o from_o history_n or_o record_n but_o i_o shall_v show_v you_o before_o i_o have_v do_v that_o the_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la which_o we_o have_v still_o upon_o record_n by_o inspeximus_fw-la of_o edw._n i_o be_v the_o very_a same_o word_n for_o word_n in_o all_o the_o material_a part_n of_o it_o with_o that_o of_o hen._n iii_o both_o of_o the_o 2d_o and_o 9th_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n and_o that_o there_o be_v no_o alteration_n at_o all_o make_v as_o to_o the_o manner_n of_o it_o a_o summon_v or_o choose_v member_n of_o parliament_n from_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o king_n reign_n to_o the_o very_a end_n of_o it_o nor_o yet_o in_o the_o time_n of_o edw._n i._n as_o you_o suppose_v m._n i_o shall_v not_o be_v displease_v to_o see_v that_o prove_v though_o i_o think_v i_o be_o able_a to_o show_v you_o the_o contrary_n but_o before_o we_o proceed_v to_o that_o i_o must_v needs_o tell_v you_o i_o be_o not_o yet_o satisfy_v that_o there_o ever_o be_v ancient_o two_o council_n one_o of_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la and_o the_o other_o of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n for_o methinks_v not_o only_a yourself_o but_o mr._n petyt_n and_o mr._n atwood_n his_o second_o have_v fall_v very_o short_a of_o their_o proof_n they_o have_v bring_v in_o this_o point_n and_o there_o be_v nothing_o in_o the_o drs._n whole_a answer_n to_o they_o in_o which_o in_o my_o opinion_n he_o have_v obtain_v a_o clear_a victory_n therefore_o pray_v give_v i_o some_o better_a proof_n of_o this_o distinction_n if_o you_o have_v any_o f._n i_o do_v not_o imagine_v i_o shall_v have_v need_v to_o have_v speak_v any_o further_a upon_o that_o head_n yet_o since_o you_o now_o require_v it_o i_o shall_v obey_v your_o command_n since_o therefore_o you_o tell_v i_o that_o the_o time_n before_o your_o conquest_n be_v obscure_a and_o the_o authority_n uncertain_a i_o will_v give_v you_o a_o short_a history_n of_o these_o council_n begin_v with_o king_n william_n i_o and_o so_o go_v down_o as_o low_a as_o henry_n iii_o so_o fâ—r_v then_o we_o be_v agree_v that_o the_o council_n of_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la meet_v ex_fw-la more_fw-it at_o the_o great_a feast_n of_o the_o year_n and_o that_o they_o also_o grant_v the_o king_n aid_n or_o subsidy_n to_o be_v levy_v upon_o themselves_o alone_o as_o i_o grant_v appear_v by_o the_o writ_n of_o 19_o of_o henry_n iii_o which_o you_o have_v but_o now_o cite_v direct_v to_o the_o sheriff_n of_o sussex_n but_o that_o this_o council_n which_o be_v thus_o hold_v ex_fw-la more_fw-it be_v also_o often_o summon_v to_o meet_v at_o other_o time_n when_o the_o king_n occasion_n require_v it_o dorso_fw-la it_o also_o as_o certain_a as_o appear_v by_o this_o writ_n of_o the_o 26._o of_o the_o same_o king_n which_o i_o shall_v read_v to_o you_o rex_fw-la vicecomiti_a northampton_n etc._n etc._n praecipimus_fw-la tibi_fw-la sicut_fw-la alius_fw-la praecipimus_fw-la quod_fw-la summoniri_fw-la facier_fw-la archiepiscopos_fw-la episcopos_fw-la comites_fw-la barones_n abbates_n priores_fw-la milites_fw-la &_o liberos_fw-la homines_fw-la qui_fw-la de_fw-la nobis_fw-la tenent_n in_fw-la capite_fw-la eodem_fw-la modo_fw-la scribitur_fw-la omnibus_fw-la vicecomitibus_a angliae_fw-la which_o write_v extend_v only_o to_o those_o who_o hold_v in_o capite_fw-la can_v never_o be_v a_o summons_n to_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n for_o then_o this_o restriction_n have_v be_v needless_a qui_fw-fr de_fw-fr nobis_fw-la tenent_n in_fw-la capite_fw-la and_o it_o will_v have_v
indeed_o if_o the_o word_n have_v be_v milites_fw-la &_o libere_fw-la tâ—nâ—ntes_fw-la qui_fw-la de_fw-la rege_fw-la tenuerunt_fw-la in_o capite_fw-la you_o have_v say_v somewhat_o but_o otherwise_o it_o be_v all_o mere_a supposition_n without_o any_o ground_n but_o pray_v go_v on_o to_o the_o last_o woâ—ds_n in_o this_o charter_n &_o omnes_fw-la de_fw-la regno_fw-la nostro_fw-la what_o can_v they_o mean_v â—ut_v that_o all_o the_o freeman_n of_o the_o kingdom_n give_v this_o fifteen_o by_o their_o lawful_a representative_a m._n if_o you_o do_v not_o like_o our_o sense_n of_o these_o word_n milites_fw-la and_o libere_fw-la terentes_fw-la i_o can_v help_v it_o nor_o shall_v i_o dispute_v they_o long_o with_o you_o but_o as_o for_o this_o last_o clause_n in_o the_o charter_n 65._o &_o omnes_fw-la de_fw-la regno_fw-la it_o only_a mean_n all_o these_o who_o be_v tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la in_o general_a in_o the_o same_o sense_n as_o when_o our_o ancient_a historian_n mention_v regnum_fw-la &_o sâ—cerdotium_n by_o regnum_fw-la be_v to_o be_v understand_v both_o the_o temporal_a and_o spiritual_a baron_n great_a and_o small_a the_o king_n justice_n or_o any_o other_o that_o exercit_v any_o share_n or_o ministerial_a part_n of_o the_o government_n as_o perhaps_o all_o those_o diâ—_n one_o way_n or_o other_o by_o come_v to_o our_o great_a council_n or_o parliament_n etc._n etc._n all_o which_o be_v evident_a from_o the_o word_n of_o the_o quadri_fw-la partiâ—e_v history_n concern_v thomâ—s_n becket_n thus_o rex_fw-la apud_fw-la clarendun_v regnum_fw-la convo_fw-la aâ—_n universum_fw-la quò_fw-la come_v venisâ—_n ut_fw-la prasules_a &_o proceres_fw-la etc._n etc._n i._n e._n the_o whole_a baronage_n call_v together_o by_o the_o king_n writ_n or_o a_o full_a meeting_n of_o the_o spiritual_a and_o temporal_a baron_n both_o great_a and_o small_a i_o pray_v also_o remember_v that_o passage_n you_o yourself_o make_v use_v of_o but_o now_o out_o of_o mat._n paris_n whereby_o you_o will_v prove_v that_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n be_v distinct_a from_o that_o of_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la because_o that_o after_o the_o curia_n hold_v at_o christmas_n the_o king_n immediate_o issue_v out_o his_o writ_n command_a omnibus_fw-la ad_fw-la regnum_fw-la spectantibus_fw-la to_o appear_v at_o london_n and_o yet_o you_o see_v there_o be_v no_o more_o mention_v to_o be_v summon_v than_o the_o archbishop_n bishop_n abbot_n prior_n earl_n and_o baron_n 65._o so_o that_o we_o may_v hence_o learn_v the_o true_a meaning_n of_o these_o word_n omnes_fw-la de_fw-la regno_fw-la at_o the_o end_n of_o this_o charter_n for_o these_o omnes_fw-la de_fw-la regno_fw-la be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o omnes_fw-la ad_fw-la regnum_fw-la spectantes_fw-la in_o mat._n paris_n the_o regnum_fw-la or_o government_n the_o communitas_fw-la regni_fw-la the_o totalis_fw-la regni_fw-la universitas_fw-la the_o insluita_fw-la nobilium_fw-la multitudo_fw-la and_o also_o give_v we_o the_o meaning_n of_o those_o word_n omnes_fw-la alii_fw-la de_fw-la regno_fw-la in_o the_o close_a roll_n of_o the_o 19_o the_o henry_n the_o three_o dor._n to_o the_o sheriff_n of_o somersershie_n scias_n quod_fw-la comites_fw-la &_o barones_n &_o omnes_fw-la alii_fw-la de_fw-la toto_fw-la regno_fw-la nostro_fw-la etc._n etc._n concesserunt_fw-la etc._n etc._n which_o be_v further_o explain_v by_o a_o writ_n in_o the_o same_o roll_n about_o the_o same_o business_n direct_v to_o the_o sheriff_n of_o sussex_n which_o you_o have_v likewise_o cite_v begin_v thus_o 8._o sciatis_fw-la quod_fw-la arohiepiscopi_n episcopi_fw-la abbates_n priores_fw-la comites_fw-la barones_n &_o omnes_fw-la alii_fw-la de_fw-la regno_fw-la nostro_fw-la angliae_fw-la qui_fw-la de_fw-la nobis_fw-la tenent_fw-la in_o capire_n nobis_fw-la concesserunt_fw-la etc._n etc._n here_o the_o omnes_fw-la alii_fw-la de_fw-la regno_fw-la be_v the_o omnes_fw-la qui_fw-la de_fw-la nobis_fw-la tenant_n in_fw-la capite_fw-la which_o be_v then_o all_o the_o regnum_fw-la or_o communitas_fw-la regni_fw-la so_o likewise_o it_o may_v be_v far_o prove_v from_o a_o record_n of_o the_o 48_o the_o of_o henry_n the_o three_o 5._o rex_fw-la omnibus_fw-la etc._n etc._n cum_fw-la venerabiles_fw-la patres_fw-la g._n e._n eborum_fw-la archiepiscopus_fw-la etc._n etc._n &_o alii_fw-la praelati_fw-la magnates_fw-la milites_fw-la libere_fw-la tenentes_fw-la &_o omnes_fw-la alii_fw-la de_fw-la regno_fw-la nobis_fw-la nuper_fw-la in_o articulo_fw-la necessitatiâ—_n servitium_fw-la fecerunt_fw-la &_o sulisidium_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o i_o may_v also_o put_v you_o in_o mind_n of_o the_o writ_n i_o cite_v but_o now_o direct_v archiepiscopis_fw-la episcopis_fw-la etc._n etc._n comitibus_fw-la baronibus_fw-la militibus_fw-la &_o omnibus_fw-la aliis_fw-la de_fw-la comiâ—aru_n kanciae_fw-la etc._n etc._n for_o the_o lew_v of_o forty_o shilling_n upon_o every_o knight_n he_o in_o that_o country_n now_o this_o writ_n can_v not_o be_v direct_v to_o all_o the_o man_n in_o kent_n but_o to_o all_o such_o as_o pay_v scutage_n for_o not_o a_o forty_o part_n of_o they_o be_v tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la or_o military_a service_n so_o that_o these_o omnes_fw-la alii_fw-la de_fw-la regno_fw-la and_o omnes_fw-la alii_fw-la comitatus_fw-la be_v the_o same_o one_o with_o the_o other_o and_o otherwise_o it_o can_v not_o be_v for_o by_o omnes_fw-la de_fw-la regno_fw-la or_o omnes_fw-la alii_fw-la de_fw-la regno_fw-la the_o inhabitant_n in_o general_n can_v not_o be_v understand_v for_o they_o never_o be_v summon_v no_o not_o the_o hundred_o part_n of_o they_o to_o meet_v in_o great_a council_n for_o it_o be_v impossible_a they_o shall_v and_o perhaps_o not_o above_o a_o four_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n pay_v to_o this_o fifteen_o if_o we_o consider_v how_o many_o servant_n villainâ—_n bondman_n and_o many_o such_o people_n there_o be_v than_o in_o the_o nation_n that_o pay_v nothing_o f._n you_o have_v take_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o pain_n to_o perplex_v and_o darken_v word_n in_o themselves_o very_o clear_a and_o perspicuous_a for_o methinks_v it_o be_v a_o strange_a piece_n of_o confidence_n in_o your_o doctor_n when_o the_o charter_n say_v expresy_o that_o omnes_fw-la dâ—_n regno_fw-la all_o the_o freeman_n of_o the_o kingdom_n give_v this_o 15_o to_o restrain_v this_o act_n only_o to_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la who_o be_v but_o a_o few_o in_o comparison_n to_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n this_o be_v indeed_o to_o make_v word_n signify_v any_o thing_n he_o fancy_v but_o to_o answer_v your_o authority_n which_o be_v found_v all_o upon_o false_a supposition_n without_o any_o proof_n as_o to_o your_o authority_n from_o the_o quadrilogus_fw-la history_n of_o thomas_n bâ—ecket_n it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o praesules_fw-la and_o prâ—ceres_fw-la be_v there_o call_v regnum_fw-la the_o kingdom_n but_o i_o have_v already_o prove_v at_o our_o last_o meet_v that_o this_o word_n proceres_fw-la be_v of_o so_o comprehensive_a signification_n that_o it_o take_v in_o all_o the_o principal_a man_n of_o the_o kingdom_n as_o well_o those_o that_o be_v lord_n as_o those_o that_o be_v not_o so_o that_o the_o chief_a citizen_n and_o magistrate_n of_o our_o city_n and_o great_a town_n be_v often_o style_v proceres_fw-la &_o magnates_fw-la civitatum_fw-la in_o our_o ancient_a historian_n and_o record_n and_o certain_o the_o great_a freeholders_n or_o knight_n of_o shire_n do_v much_o more_o just_o deserve_v that_o title_n as_o for_o the_o other_o passage_n out_o of_o mat._n paris_n where_o the_o bishop_n abbot_n earl_n and_o baron_n be_v call_v omnes_fw-la ad_fw-la regnum_fw-la spectantes_fw-la this_o be_v but_o a_o general_a way_n of_o expression_n in_o this_o author_n and_o prove_v nothing_o for_o either_o the_o word_n barones_n take_v in_o all_o the_o small_a tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la or_o it_o do_v not_o if_o the_o latter_a than_o this_o author_n do_v not_o exact_o recite_v all_o the_o order_n of_o man_n who_o yourself_o must_v acknowledge_v to_o have_v appear_v there_o since_o the_o great_a baron_n alone_o can_v never_o make_v this_o infinita_fw-la nobilium_fw-la multitudo_fw-la mention_v in_o this_o author_n if_o the_o former_a than_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o he_o thereby_o comprehend_v more_o than_o those_o who_o be_v real_o baron_n since_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o small_a tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la be_v not_o so_o nor_o be_v so_o much_o as_o call_v so_o in_o king_n john_n charter_n and_o then_o make_v the_o most_o of_o this_o word_n barones_n it_o may_v in_o a_o large_a and_o common_a acceptation_n take_v in_o all_o the_o chief_a freeholders_n or_o lord_n of_o manor_n which_o as_o i_o have_v already_o prove_v be_v often_o call_v baron_n in_o our_o ancient_a historian_n and_o law_n of_o the_o first_o norman_n king_n and_o mr._n cambden_n tell_v we_o that_o under_o the_o word_n baronagium_n omnes_fw-la regni_fw-la ordines_fw-la continarentur_fw-la this_o i_o say_v suppose_v that_o by_o this_o infinita_fw-la nobilium_fw-la multitudo_fw-la be_v to_o be_v understand_v all_o the_o chief_n gentry_n or_o freeholders_n of_o england_n call_v often_o nobilitas_fw-la angliae_fw-la as_o i_o have_v already_o make_v
a_o few_o and_o for_o the_o great_a part_n but_o one_o in_o each_o year_n never_o but_o two_o in_o any_o year_n in_o all_o this_o long_a reign_n unless_o it_o be_v the_o 39th_o in_o which_o there_o be_v four_o which_o be_v very_o strange_a that_o in_o so_o busy_a a_o time_n as_o most_o of_o this_o king_n reign_n be_v there_o shall_v be_v no_o more_o roll_n leave_v and_o therefore_o it_o seem_v very_o probable_a that_o at_o least_o half_a be_v lose_v and_o in_o which_o may_v be_v many_o summons_n as_o well_o to_o the_o commons_o as_o to_o the_o lord_n and_o if_o they_o be_v not_o lose_v pray_v tell_v i_o what_o be_v become_v of_o all_o the_o writ_n of_o summons_n to_o your_o lesser_a tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la who_o certain_o often_o meet_v in_o this_o long_a reign_n according_a to_o king_n john_n charter_n but_o if_o you_o will_v tell_v i_o they_o be_v lose_v or_o omit_v to_o be_v enter_v upon_o the_o close_a roll_n i_o may_v with_o like_a reason_n and_o certainty_n affirm_v the_o same_o of_o the_o writ_n of_o summons_n to_o the_o knight_n citizen_n and_o burgess_n for_o if_o the_o one_o may_v be_v lose_v sure_o the_o other_o may_v be_v so_o too_o but_o what_o if_o after_o all_o these_o writ_n you_o have_v produce_v be_v not_o any_o summons_n to_o a_o common_a council_n or_o parliament_n at_o all_o but_o only_o to_o a_o great_a council_n of_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la which_o i_o have_v great_a reason_n to_o believe_v not_o only_o because_o the_o title_n to_o the_o last_o writ_n be_v only_o summonitio_fw-la ad_fw-la concilium_fw-la and_o not_o commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la regni_fw-la but_o also_o because_o mr._n selden_n and_o mr._n pryn_n who_o certain_o must_v have_v see_v all_o these_o writ_n as_o well_o as_o the_o doctor_n and_o be_v as_o able_a to_o judge_n of_o they_o never_o cite_v they_o for_o summons_n to_o parliament_n and_o mr._n pryn_n observe_v of_o several_a writ_n in_o which_o the_o like_a word_n of_o summon_v the_o lord_n to_o give_v their_o advice_n be_v likewise_o find_v that_o they_o be_v only_o to_o such_o council_n or_o treatise_n which_o be_v frequent_o use_v as_o low_a as_o the_o reign_n of_o richard_n ii_o but_o if_o these_o writ_n have_v be_v summons_n to_o parliament_n sure_a mr._n selden_n and_o mr._n pryn_n have_v no_o reason_n to_o bewail_v as_o they_o so_o often_o do_v the_o loss_n of_o not_o only_o of_o parliament_n roll_n but_o of_o all_o writ_n of_o summons_n both_o to_o lord_n and_o commons_o except_o those_o of_o 49th_o hen._n iii_o till_o the_o 23d_o of_o edw._n i._n but_o pray_v go_v on_o if_o you_o please_v to_o make_v good_a the_o rest_n of_o the_o position_n you_o have_v now_o lay_v down_o m._n i_o doubt_v not_o but_o in_o the_o next_o place_n to_o show_v you_o though_o it_o be_v true_a most_o of_o our_o parliament_n roll_n be_v lose_v both_o from_o our_o ancient_a historian_n and_o statute_n that_o there_o be_v no_o commons_o in_o any_o parliament_n during_o all_o the_o long_a reign_n of_o king_n hen._n iii_o except_v in_o the_o 49th_o of_o that_o king_n i_o shall_v begin_v with_o the_o first_o act_n of_o parliament_n we_o have_v of_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n iii_o which_o be_v make_v in_o the_o 20_o of_o this_o king_n at_o merton_n where_o though_o it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v provide_v and_o grant_v as_o well_o by_o the_o archbishop_n bishop_n earls_z baron_n as_o other_o yet_o the_o word_n &_o aliis_fw-la and_o other_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la distinct_a from_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n as_o i_o have_v already_o prove_v f._n i_o shall_v answer_v your_o authority_n as_o you_o go_v you_o may_v say_v you_o have_v prove_v it_o but_o i_o know_v not_o when_o and_o why_o may_v not_o i_o with_o as_o good_a a_o face_n maintain_v that_o these_o word_n &_o aliis_fw-la do_v here_o signify_v the_o commons_o if_o the_o word_n baron_n must_v take_v in_o all_o the_o great_a lord_n and_o lesser_a tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la as_o sometime_o you_o suppose_v it_o do_v when_o no_o other_o lay-member_n be_v mention_v but_o i_o have_v already_o observe_v that_o this_o barones_n be_v a_o cheveral_a word_n and_o to_o be_v stretch_v or_o contract_v as_o best_a suit_n with_o your_o hypothesis_n so_o i_o think_v i_o may_v with_o great_a reason_n suppose_v the_o earl_n and_o baron_n to_o be_v all_o comprehend_v under_o the_o word_n barones_n and_o the_o commons_o under_o aliis_fw-la as_o i_o have_v already_o prove_v and_o which_o be_v also_o most_o suitable_a to_o the_o last_o clause_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la of_o king_n henry_n iii_o but_o you_o forget_v that_o i_o have_v i_o think_v sufficient_o make_v out_o that_o the_o commons_o have_v their_o representative_n both_o at_o the_o make_n and_o confirm_v of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la in_o 2d_o and_o 9th_o of_o henry_n iii_o and_o therefore_o whatever_o proof_n you_o bring_v to_o the_o contrary_a will_v come_v to_o late_o though_o i_o shall_v patient_o hear_v what_o you_o have_v to_o say_v but_o if_o you_o have_v no_o more_o authority_n to_o produce_v from_o statute_n and_o record_n which_o have_v not_o be_v already_o consider_v pray_v proceed_v to_o the_o 49th_o of_o this_o king_n reign_n and_o give_v i_o some_o reason_n why_o the_o commons_o be_v call_v in_o that_o year_n and_o never_o before_o nor_o after_o till_o the_o 18_o of_o edw._n i._n for_o they_o both_o seem_v to_o i_o very_o improbable_a supposition_n m._n i_o shall_v observe_v your_o command_n and_o shall_v give_v you_o as_o short_a a_o account_n as_o i_o can_v of_o this_o transaction_n first_o therefore_o i_o desire_v you_o to_o take_v notice_n that_o after_o simon_n monâ—fort_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o baron_n of_o his_o faction_n have_v take_v king_n hen._n iii_o dein_fw-ge and_o richard_n earl_n of_o cornwall_n the_o king_n brother_n with_o many_o other_o of_o the_o nobility_n prisoner_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o lewes_n he_o carry_v they_o about_o with_o he_o till_o they_o have_v take_v in_o all_o the_o strong_a fort_n and_o castle_n of_o the_o land_n and_o when_o this_o be_v do_v mat._n paris_n tell_v we_o that_o call_v together_o at_o london_n the_o bishop_n earl_n and_o baron_n of_o that_o faction_n which_o so_o seditious_o hold_v their_o king_n prisoner_n they_o begin_v to_o set_v up_o a_o committee_n for_o the_o government_n of_o the_o kingdom_n consist_v of_o twelve_o lord_n who_o be_v choose_v out_o of_o the_o whole_a community_n or_o body_n of_o the_o baronage_n without_o who_o advice_n and_o consent_n or_o at_o least_o of_o three_o of_o they_o no_o affair_n in_o the_o king_n household_n or_o in_o the_o kingdom_n shall_v be_v transact_v and_o to_o these_o ordinance_n the_o king_n and_o his_o son_n be_v force_v to_o agree_v and_o though_o the_o record_n of_o this_o agreement_n recite_v that_o this_o ordinance_n dorso_n be_v make_v at_o london_n by_o the_o consent_n good-like_a and_o command_n of_o the_o king_n and_o also_o of_o the_o prelate_n baron_n and_o of_o the_o community_n there_o present_a yet_o i_o be_o not_o yet_o convince_v that_o by_o the_o word_n communitas_fw-la in_o the_o latin_a record_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v the_o commons_o but_o the_o community_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n since_o this_o agreement_n be_v sign_v only_o by_o some_o great_a earl_n and_o baron_n and_o no_o commoner_n witness_v to_o it_o but_o the_o mayor_n of_o london_n who_o yourself_o will_v grant_v be_v no_o parliament_n man._n after_o which_o simon_n montfort_n the_o better_a to_o settle_v himself_o in_o his_o usurp_v power_n and_o in_o those_o land_n and_o castle_n which_o himself_o and_o those_o of_o his_o faction_n have_v unjust_o wrest_v from_o prince_n edward_n who_o be_v now_o also_o a_o prisoner_n have_v deliver_v himself_o as_o a_o hostage_n for_o the_o performance_n of_o this_o force_a peace_n they_o in_o the_o first_o place_n send_v out_o writ_n in_o the_o king_n name_n unto_o divers_a bishop_n abbot_n and_o prior_n and_o to_o such_o of_o the_o nobleman_n as_o be_v of_o their_o own_o party_n to_o appear_v at_o westminster_n on_o the_o octave_n of_o st._n hillary_n next_o ensue_v and_o the_o doctor_n have_v give_v we_o a_o copy_n of_o the_o writ_n of_o summons_n to_o the_o bishop_n of_o durham_n schâ—dula_n as_o it_o be_v find_v in_o the_o close_a roll_n of_o the_o 49th_o of_o this_o king_n and_o at_o the_o end_n of_o it_o it_o be_v thus_o recite_v â—eodem_fw-la moâ—o_fw-la mandatum_fw-la est_fw-la episcopo_fw-la carleol_n as_o also_o to_o divers_a bishop_n and_o abbot_n all_o of_o their_o own_o party_n and_o faction_n there_o be_v above_o a_o hundred_o abbot_n and_o prior_n then_o summon_v more_o than_o ever_o be_v i_o believe_v before_o or_o since_o and_o then_o follow_v a_o short_a
the_o spare_v their_o pain_n and_o expense_n to_o have_v a_o colloquy_n and_o treatise_n with_o some_o of_o the_o same_o member_n and_o therefore_o name_v the_o very_a person_n who_o he_o command_v shall_v appear_v before_o he_o at_o winchester_n to_o inform_v he_o and_o his_o council_n of_o the_o best_a manner_n and_o form_n whereby_o the_o say_a tax_n may_v be_v soon_o and_o most_o convenient_o levy_v according_a to_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o say_v grant_n so_o that_o nothing_o be_v more_o plain_a from_o the_o writ_n itself_o than_o that_o this_o assembly_n be_v no_o parliament_n the_o proper_a business_n of_o which_o be_v always_o to_o make_v law_n give_v money_n or_o reâ—ress_v grievance_n none_o of_o which_o â—ut_v it_o be_v apparent_a be_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o meeting_n to_o which_o these_o that_o be_v summon_v do_v not_o appear_v as_o knight_n of_o the_o shire_n their_o power_n be_v expire_v at_o the_o dissolution_n of_o the_o parliament_n but_o only_a 〈◊〉_d so_o many_o particular_a private_a man_n who_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o interest_n in_o the_o country_n the_o king_n suppose_v can_v best_o inform_v he_o in_o the_o business_n above_o mention_v but_o that_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o this_o king_n there_o be_v several_a council_n of_o this_o kind_n which_o though_o no_o parliament_n as_o have_v but_o one_o knight_n one_o citizen_n and_o one_o burgess_n and_o only_o make_v temporary_a constitution_n concern_v trade_n and_o other_o thing_n of_o less_o moment_n which_o be_v to_o be_v put_v in_o practice_n for_o a_o time_n till_o they_o can_v be_v confirm_v by_o the_o next_o parliament_n appear_v by_o the_o ordinance_n or_o statute_n of_o the_o staple_n above_o mention_v and_o of_o these_o mr._n pryn_n in_o the_o first_o part_n of_o his_o parliamentary_a register_n of_o writ_n give_v we_o divers_a precedent_n 215._o which_o he_o right_o so_o that_o i_o hope_v i_o have_v now_o fair_o run_v through_o and_o examine_v all_o the_o precedent_n which_o you_o or_o your_o doctor_n have_v be_v able_a to_o urge_v in_o this_o great_a question_n and_o i_o think_v if_o you_o be_v aâ—_n candid_a and_o ingenuous_a as_o i_o take_v you_o to_o be_v you_o will_v not_o assert_v that_o any_o of_o they_o do_v amount_v to_o a_o proof_n either_o that_o the_o commons_o be_v never_o summon_v from_o the_o â—9th_n of_o henry_n iii_o to_o the_o 18_o of_o edward_n i._o or_o that_o the_o writ_n of_o summons_n he_o there_o produce_v be_v to_o a_o parliament_n and_o not_o to_o a_o great_a council_n or_o that_o the_o king_n ever_o take_v upon_o he_o to_o appoint_v what_o number_n of_o knight_n citizen_n and_o burgess_n shall_v come_v to_o parliament_n or_o can_v nominate_v who_o they_o shall_v be_v or_o can_v discharge_v who_o he_o please_v from_o serve_v as_o member_n therein_o all_o which_o your_o doctor_n i_o think_v with_o great_a confidence_n than_o right_a understanding_n of_o the_o true_a meaning_n of_o the_o ancient_a writ_n and_o record_n of_o parliament_n have_v undertake_v to_o assert_v i_o beg_v your_o pardon_n for_o trouble_v you_o so_o long_o on_o these_o head_n since_o the_o length_n as_o well_o as_o diversity_n of_o record_n you_o have_v now_o cite_v can_v not_o be_v answer_v in_o less_o compass_n m._n i_o must_v confess_v you_o have_v give_v pretty_a plausible_a answer_n to_o most_o of_o the_o authority_n and_o record_n i_o have_v now_o cite_v yet_o i_o can_v assent_v so_o far_o as_o to_o come_v over_o to_o your_o opinion_n without_o a_o long_a consideration_n of_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o answer_v you_o have_v now_o give_v i_o to_o the_o doctor_n authority_n but_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n you_o will_v oblige_v i_o if_o you_o can_v give_v i_o the_o rest_n of_o your_o argument_n whereby_o you_o will_v undertake_v to_o prove_v that_o the_o commons_o have_v be_v always_o a_o essential_a part_n of_o the_o parliament_n ever_o since_o the_o conquest_n for_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o by_o what_o i_o have_v read_v out_o of_o our_o ancient_a historian_n that_o there_o be_v no_o express_a mention_n make_v of_o they_o by_o name_n in_o any_o historian_n or_o record_n till_o the_o reign_n of_o edward_n i._o and_o as_o for_o those_o argument_n mr._n p._n have_v give_v we_o to_o the_o contrary_a methinks_v the_o doctor_n have_v give_v satisfactory_a answer_n to_o they_o f._n i_o think_v i_o have_v make_v it_o clear_a enough_o that_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n be_v a_o constituent_a part_n of_o the_o wittena_n gâ—â—ote_n or_o common_a council_n of_o the_o nation_n before_o your_o pretend_a conquest_n and_o if_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v that_o they_o be_v deprive_v of_o that_o right_n by_o the_o norman_n entrance_n which_o you_o have_v not_o yet_o prove_v i_o think_v we_o may_v very_o well_o conclude_v that_o thing_n continue_v in_o the_o same_o state_n as_o to_o the_o fundamental_a constitution_n of_o the_o government_n as_o well_o after_o your_o conquest_n as_o they_o do_v before_o nor_o have_v you_o as_o i_o see_v prove_v any_o thing_n to_o the_o contrary_n since_o you_o confess_v that_o as_o much_o a_o conqueror_n as_o king_n william_n be_v yet_o he_o alter_v nothing_o in_o those_o fundamental_a constitution_n the_o most_o that_o you_o pretend_v he_o do_v be_v only_o in_o a_o alteration_n of_o the_o person_n who_o be_v the_o legislator_n from_o english_a to_o french_a man_n or_o norman_n so_o that_o upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n i_o think_v there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o any_o new_a argument_n to_o confirm_v this_o truth_n since_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n claim_v a_o right_a by_o prescription_n of_o have_v their_o representative_n in_o parliament_n if_o you_o nor_o your_o doctor_n nor_o none_o of_o those_o who_o he_o follow_v can_v prove_v by_o sufficient_a authority_n when_o this_o begin_v than_o i_o be_o sure_a you_o ought_v if_o you_o be_v of_o the_o jury_n in_o thâ—s_n matter_n to_o find_v for_o the_o tenant_n in_o possession_n since_o that_o together_o with_o a_o constant_a usage_n time_n out_o of_o mind_n be_v as_o well_o by_o your_o civil_a as_o our_o common_a law_n a_o sufficient_a title_n to_o any_o estate_n yet_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o to_o show_v you_o the_o next_o time_n we_o meet_v that_o the_o doctor_n have_v noâ—_n give_v such_o satisfactory_a answer_n as_o you_o imagine_v to_o most_o of_o mr._n p_n best_a argument_n prove_v this_o right_a of_o prescription_n to_o have_v be_v the_o constant_a opinion_n of_o a_o succeed_a age_n to_o which_o i_o shall_v also_o add_v divers_a new_a authority_n as_o well_o from_o ancient_a historian_n as_o parliamentary_a record_n and_o statute_n but_o since_o it_o be_v grow_v now_o very_o late_o i_o beg_v your_o pardon_n till_o another_o opportunity_n m._n i_o thank_v you_o sir_n for_o the_o pain_n you_o have_v take_v to_o satisfy_v i_o in_o this_o greâ—t_a question_n but_o pray_v come_v again_o within_o a_o night_n or_o two_o that_o we_o may_v make_v a_o end_n of_o this_o weighty_a controversy_n and_o then_o we_o may_v proceed_v to_o whaâ—_n we_o at_o first_o intend_v viz._n whether_o the_o king_n can_v ever_o lawful_o be_v resist_v or_o whether_o by_o any_o act_n he_o may_v commit_v he_o can_v ever_o 〈◊〉_d to_o be_v king_n f._n i_o accept_v of_o your_o proposal_n and_o shall_v wait_v of_o you_o again_o as_o you_o appoint_v but_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n pray_v consider_v well_o of_o the_o authority_n i_o have_v now_o urge_v and_o the_o answer_n i_o have_v give_v to_o your_o argument_n and_o then_o i_o hope_v there_o will_v be_v the_o less_o need_n of_o new_a one_o m._n i_o shall_v not_o fall_v to_o do_v it_o but_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n be_o your_o humble_a servant_n f._n and_o i_o be_o you_o advertisement_n the_o publisher_n beg_v your_o pardon_n for_o let_v a_o term_n pass_v without_o give_v you_o this_o dialogue_n which_o have_v so_o close_a a_o dependence_n on_o the_o former_a but_o it_o have_v be_v his_o own_o unhappyness_n and_o not_o his_o faulâ—_n in_o the_o next_o place_n he_o hope_v you_o will_v not_o take_v it_o ill_o of_o he_o that_o he_o have_v â—welled_v this_o to_o a_o big_a bulk_n than_o the_o other_o since_o the_o author_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o weightiness_n as_o well_o as_o multiplicity_n of_o the_o argument_n can_v not_o make_v it_o 〈◊〉_d without_o do_v a_o considerable_a injury_n to_o this_o important_a subject_n and_o to_o let_v you_o seâ—_n that_o i_o do_v not_o dissemble_v the_o author_n be_v force_v to_o reserve_v two_o or_o three_o sheet_n more_o of_o the_o same_o argument_n because_o he_o will_v not_o â—ver_o tire_v you_o for_o the_o next_o discourse_n and_o the_o author_n also_o desire_v the_o learned_a doctor_n brady_n pardon_n if_o through_o his_o own_o haste_n or_o the_o inadvertency_n of_o the_o compositor_n there_o have_v be_v some_o omission_n
from_o that_o seven_o edward_n the_o first_o i_o think_v that_o can_v by_o no_o mean_n do_v the_o business_n for_o which_o you_o design_v it_o for_o in_o the_o first_o place_n this_o be_v only_a declaration_n of_o the_o bishop_n lord_n and_o commons_o of_o the_o land_n that_o it_o belong_v to_o the_o king_n to_o defend_v i._n e._n forbid_v all_o force_n of_o arm_n but_o mark_v sir_n what_o force_n sure_o it_o be_v only_o mean_v of_o such_o force_n as_o belong_v to_o the_o king_n prerogative_n to_o forbid_v viz._n force_n of_o arm_n against_o the_o public_a peace_n and_o such_o as_o he_o may_v punish_v according_a to_o the_o law_n and_o usage_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o therefore_o the_o statute_n express_o declare_v that_o as_o subject_n they_o be_v hereunto_o bind_v aid_v he_o their_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n at_o all_o time_n when_o need_n shall_v be_v but_o do_v this_o act_n any_o where_o say_v that_o he_o have_v a_o irresistible_a power_n to_o disturb_v this_o peace_n by_o his_o own_o private_a illegal_a commission_n or_o that_o any_o man_n be_v bind_v to_o assist_v he_o in_o it_o or_o because_o for_o example_n he_o have_v authority_n to_o punish_v all_o man_n according_a to_o law_n that_o shall_v come_v to_o parliament_n with_o force_n of_o arm_n that_o therefore_o he_o have_v a_o unlimited_a power_n of_o raise_v what_o force_n he_o will_v and_o in_o prison_v or_o destroy_v the_o whole_a parliament_n if_o he_o please_v and_o that_o no_o bodâ—_n may_v resist_v he_o if_o he_o have_v go_v about_o so_o to_o do_v the_o like_a may_v be_v say_v if_o the_o 〈◊〉_d shall_v notorious_o and_o insupportable_o by_o force_n invade_v all_o the_o civil_a liberâ—â—â—â—_n and_o property_n of_o his_o subject_n by_o levy_v tax_n and_o take_v away_o theâ—r_v estate_n by_o downright_a force_n contrary_a to_o law_n now_o can_v any_o body_n in_o his_o sense_n believe_v that_o the_o act_n of_o 25_o of_o ed._n 3._o be_v make_v to_o prevent_v all_o resistance_n of_o suâ—h_n tyrannical_a violence_n and_o that_o the_o resistance_n of_o those_o force_n whether_o foreign_a or_o domestic_a that_o may_v be_v send_v by_o the_o king_n be_v private_a commissioner_n to_o murder_n or_o enslave_v we_o be_v make_v war_n against_o his_o person_n or_o that_o it_o come_v within_o any_o of_o the_o case_n express_v in_o that_o statute_n and_o therefore_o can_v fall_v within_o the_o compass_n of_o sir_n edw._n coke_n comment_n upon_o this_o statute_n all_o the_o offence_n therein_o specify_v being_n â—_z at_o common_a law_n before_o that_o statute_n be_v make_v nor_o be_v the_o reformation_n there_o mention_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o a_o just_a and_o necessary_a defence_n of_o our_o life_n liberty_n religion_n and_o property_n as_o settle_v and_o establish_v by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n to_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o make_v war_n against_o a_o weak_a or_o seduce_a king_n but_o be_v rather_o in_o defence_n of_o he_o and_o the_o government_n by_o oppose_a tyranny_n which_o will_v certain_o bring_v both_o he_o and_o we_o to_o ruin_n at_o last_o so_o the_o reformation_n he_o there_o mention_n be_v only_o to_o be_v be_v understand_v of_o such_o insurrection_n and_o rebellion_n as_o have_v be_v make_v under_o the_o mere_a pretence_n of_o religion_n or_o obtain_v great_a liberty_n for_o the_o common_a sort_n of_o people_n than_o they_o have_v by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n such_o as_o be_v the_o rebellion_n of_o wat_n tyler_n in_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o and_o mortimer_n in_o hâ—â—ry_a the_o 6_o reign_v not_o to_o mention_v the_o other_o rebellion_n raise_v by_o the_o papist_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o edward_n the_o six_o and_o queen_n elizabeth_n reign_n all_o which_o be_v begin_v by_o seditious_a or_o superstitious_a man_n be_v certain_o rank_a rebellion_n and_o so_o be_v and_o aught_o to_o be_v esteem_v by_o all_o good_a subject_n m._n i_o grant_v these_o pretence_n seem_v very_o fair_a and_o specious_a yet_o notwithstanding_o this_o your_o pretend_a right_n or_o a_o necessity_n of_o resistance_n of_o the_o king_n or_o those_o commission_v by_o he_o in_o case_n of_o tyranny_n have_v be_v still_o look_v upon_o as_o rebellion_n in_o all_o age_n and_o the_o actor_n deal_v with_o according_o where_o ever_o they_o be_v take_v f._n i_o do_v not_o deny_v but_o as_o long_o as_o arbitrary_a and_o tyrannical_a prince_n can_v get_v the_o better_a of_o it_o and_o keep_v the_o power_n in_o their_o own_o hand_n they_o still_o execute_v for_o traitor_n whosoever_o oppose_v or_o resist_v their_o wicked_a and_o unjust_a action_n though_o they_o be_v never_o so_o near_a relation_n to_o they_o thus_o both_o edward_n and_o richard_n the_o second_o put_v their_o uncle_n the_o duke_n of_o lancaster_n and_o gloucester_n to_o death_n mere_o because_o they_o join_v with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o people_n to_o prevent_v their_o design_n so_o that_o it_o be_v not_o the_o execution_n of_o the_o man_n but_o the_o cause_n that_o make_v the_o traitor_n since_o prince_n be_v seldom_o without_o a_o sufficient_a number_n of_o judge_n and_o juryman_n to_o condemn_v whosoever_o they_o please_v to_o fall_v upon_o but_o that_o the_o clergy_n nobility_n and_o people_n of_o england_n have_v always_o assert_v this_o right_n of_o self-defence_n in_o case_n their_o liberty_n and_o property_n be_v unjust_o invade_v by_o the_o tyrannical_a or_o arbitrary_a practice_n of_o the_o king_n or_o those_o about_o he_o i_o think_v i_o can_v prove_v by_o give_v you_o the_o history_n of_o it_o in_o so_o many_o king_n since_o your_o conquest_n as_o will_v render_v it_o indisputable_a if_o you_o please_v to_o give_v i_o now_o the_o hear_n or_o else_o to_o defer_v it_o till_o the_o next_o time_n we_o meet_v m._n i_o confess_v i_o be_v so_o weary_a of_o sit_v up_o so_o long_o at_o our_o last_o conversation_n that_o i_o make_v a_o resolution_n not_o to_o do_v so_o any_o more_o and_o therefore_o since_o it_o grow_v late_a let_v we_o leave_v off_o now_o and_o i_o promise_v to_o meet_v you_o here_o again_o within_o a_o night_n or_o two_o and_o then_o i_o will_v hear_v how_o well_o you_o can_v vindicate_v your_o right_n of_o resistance_n from_o law_n or_o history_n but_o if_o you_o have_v no_o better_a proof_n for_o it_o than_o the_o rebellion_n of_o the_o baron_n in_o king_n john_n and_o henry_n the_o three_o reign_v you_o will_v scarce_o make_v i_o your_o convet_n since_o impunity_n do_v never_o sanctify_v a_o wicked_a action_n or_o render_v it_o the_o more_o lawful_a and_o you_o have_v already_o give_v it_o i_o for_o a_o axiom_n that_o a_o facto_fw-la ad_fw-la ius_n non_fw-la valet_fw-la consequentia_fw-la f._n i_o accept_v of_o your_o appointment_n with_o thanks_o but_o pray_v do_v not_o forejudge_v my_o argument_n till_o you_o hear_v they_o and_o as_o for_o the_o axiom_n i_o allow_v it_o for_o good_a provide_v i_o may_v urge_v it_o in_o my_o turn_n but_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n i_o shall_v wish_v you_o good_a night_n m._n and_o i_o the_o same_o to_o you_o finis_fw-la bibliotheca_fw-la politica_fw-la or_o a_o discourse_n by_o way_n of_o dialogue_n upon_o these_o question_n whether_o by_o the_o ancient_a law_n and_o constitution_n of_o this_o kingdom_n as_o well_o as_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 13_o and_o 14_o of_o king_n charles_n the_o ii_o all_o resistance_n of_o the_o king_n or_o of_o those_o commission_v by_o he_o be_v express_o forbid_v upon_o any_o pretence_n whatsoever_o and_o also_o whether_o all_o those_o who_o assist_v his_o present_a majesty_n king_n william_n either_o before_o or_o after_o his_o come_n over_o be_v guilty_a of_o the_o breach_n of_o this_o law_n collect_v out_o of_o the_o most_o approve_a author_n both_o ancient_a and_o modern_a dialogue_n the_o nine_o london_n print_v for_o r._n baldwin_n in_o warwick-lane_n near_o the_o oxford_n arm_n where_o also_o may_v be_v have_v the_o first_o second_o third_z four_o five_o six_z seven_o and_o eight_o dialogue_n 1693._o author_n chief_o make_v use_n of_o in_o this_o dialogue_n and_o how_o denote_v in_o the_o margin_n dr._n sherlock_n case_n of_o resistance_n s._n c._n r._n mr._n johnsons_n reflection_n upon_o it_o i._o r._n s._n dr._n hick_n answer_n to_o julian_n entitle_v jovian_a h._n i._n i_o desire_v the_o reader_n to_o remember_v that_o whenever_o i_o make_v use_n of_o the_o word_n people_n in_o this_o or_o the_o follow_a discourse_n i_o mean_v thereby_o the_o whole_a diffusive_a body_n of_o the_o nation_n consist_v of_o the_o clergy_n nobility_n and_o commons_o the_o preface_n to_o the_o reader_n i_o must_v beg_v your_o pardon_n if_o i_o have_v exceed_v my_o intend_a design_n in_o the_o preface_n to_o the_o first_o of_o these_o dialogue_n of_o reduce_v what_o i_o have_v to_o say_v on_o the_o
since_o by_o the_o subsequent_a word_n in_o this_o oath_n it_o be_v restrain_v to_o the_o take_a arm_n by_o his_o authority_n against_o his_o person_n or_o those_o commissioned_n by_o he_o which_o show_v that_o nothing_o here_o be_v intend_v to_o be_v forbid_v but_o take_v up_o offensive_a arm_n upon_o popular_a pretence_n without_o and_o against_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o law_n which_o be_v further_o explain_v in_o another_o test_n by_o the_o authority_n of_o both_o house_n of_o parliament_n three_o it_o be_v observable_a this_o be_v but_o a_o test_n upon_o some_o that_o be_v to_o come_v into_o office_n and_o can_v by_o no_o mean_n make_v any_o change_n in_o the_o ancient_a law_n which_o can_v be_v change_v by_o implication_n nor_o do_v this_o amount_v to_o so_o much_o the_o first_o part_n of_o this_o oath_n require_v only_o that_o the_o party_n admit_v into_o office_n shall_v so_o declare_v and_o believe_v and_o though_o the_o second_o clause_n call_v it_o a_o traitorous_a position_n yet_o this_o be_v restrain_v only_o to_o these_o two_o particular_n that_o arm_n may_v not_o be_v take_v up_o by_o the_o king_n authority_n against_o his_o person_n or_o those_o commissioned_n by_o he_o which_o can_v have_v reference_n to_o nothing_o but_o that_o distinction_n take_v up_o in_o the_o late_a time_n of_o civil_a war_n when_o the_o parliament_n pretend_v to_o take_v arm_n and_o grant_v commission_n in_o the_o name_n of_o king_n and_o parliament_n by_o virtue_n of_o that_o authority_n which_o they_o suppose_v he_o leave_v with_o they_o at_o westminster_n so_o that_o this_o clause_n can_v by_o no_o mean_n exclude_v any_o arm_n make_v use_v of_o for_o legal_a defence_n according_a to_o law_n four_o and_o last_o though_o the_o word_n against_o those_o commissioned_n by_o he_o may_v seem_v to_o extend_v the_o matter_n further_o and_o be_v mistake_v by_o some_o as_o if_o â—t_a require_v at_o least_o passive_a obedience_n to_o all_o commission_n of_o the_o king_n though_o never_o so_o illegal_a yet_o there_o be_v not_o the_o least_o colour_n for_o it_o since_o nothing_o be_v a_o commission_n but_o the_o king_n be_v legal_a command_n or_o authority_n pursuant_n to_o some_o law_n and_o for_o put_v the_o same_o in_o execution_n which_o be_v the_o legal_a definition_n of_o a_o commission_n and_o when_o this_o test_n be_v first_o bring_v in_o to_o the_o second_o parliament_n of_o king_n charles_n the_o second_o and_o that_o the_o word_n legal_a be_v offer_v to_o be_v add_v to_o the_o bill_n upon_o a_o long_o debate_v it_o be_v only_o leave_v out_o because_o it_o be_v declare_v by_o all_o the_o lawyer_n in_o the_o house_n even_o by_o sir_n hen._n finch_n than_o the_o king_n solicitor_n and_o agree_v to_o by_o the_o whole_a house_n that_o it_o be_v clear_o imply_v and_o can_v bear_v no_o other_o construction_n but_o that_o all_o illegal_a commission_n be_v null_a and_o void_a and_o in_o no_o legal_a sense_n can_v be_v call_v commission_n so_o that_o take_v up_o arm_n in_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o law_n and_o pursuant_n thereunto_o can_v in_o any_o wise_a be_v call_v a_o take_a arm_n against_o the_o king_n person_n or_o those_o commissioned_n by_o he_o and_o far_o that_o by_o the_o word_n in_o pursuance_n of_o such_o military_a commission_n be_v mean_v such_o as_o be_v warrant_v by_o that_o act_n &_o such_o as_o the_o king_n may_v issue_v by_o his_o royal_a authority_n which_o be_v bound_v by_o law_n and_o consequent_o can_v grant_v any_o commission_n but_o what_o be_v according_a to_o law_n so_o that_o if_o these_o commission_n be_v grant_v to_o person_n utter_o disable_v by_o law_n to_o take_v they_o as_o all_o be_v that_o will_v not_o take_v the_o test_n appoint_v by_o the_o act_n of_o the_o 25_o of_o k._n charles_n the_o second_o entitle_v a_o act_n to_o prevent_v the_o danger_n that_o may_v arise_v from_o popish_a recusant_n as_o also_o all_o commission_n to_o do_v any_o illegal_a violent_a action_n be_v absolute_o void_a and_o consequent_o may_v be_v resist_v or_o else_o our_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la with_o all_o the_o other_o law_n that_o establish_v liberty_n and_o property_n as_o also_o our_o very_a religion_n itself_o establish_v by_o law_n may_v be_v either_o undermine_v by_o the_o king_n be_v new_a dispense_v power_n or_o else_o subvert_v by_o open_a force_n and_o every_o commission_n officer_n in_o a_o red_a coat_n will_v be_v as_o sacred_a and_o irresistible_a as_o the_o king_n himself_o but_o to_o conclude_v that_o the_o instance_n i_o have_v give_v that_o the_o king_n commission_n may_v be_v abuse_v to_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o nation_n nay_o of_o the_o whole_a parliament_n be_v not_o so_o unlikely_a and_o remote_a as_o you_o imagine_v pray_v let_v i_o put_v you_o in_o 〈◊〉_d that_o as_o for_o that_o pretend_a commission_n to_o sir_n phelim_n oneal_n though_o it_o be_v true_a it_o do_v prove_v afterward_o to_o be_v forge_v yet_o be_v it_o not_o know_v to_o be_v so_o till_o long_o after_o and_o therefore_o have_v all_o the_o sign_n of_o a_o true_a commission_n under_o the_o king_n be_v great_a seal_n the_o poor_a protestant_n in_o ireland_n be_v to_o have_v have_v their_o throat_n cut_v according_a to_o this_o oath_n before_o ever_o they_o can_v be_v satisfy_v whether_o it_o be_v true_a or_o not_o but_o that_o a_o popish_a king_n persecute_v and_o destroy_v his_o protestant_a subject_n only_o for_o matter_n of_o religion_n be_v not_o so_o improbable_a a_o thing_n as_o you_o will_v have_v it_o the_o french_a king_n be_v late_a dragoon_n imprison_v and_o send_v to_o the_o galley_n all_o that_o refuse_v to_o renounce_v heresy_n as_o they_o call_v it_o and_o subscribe_v to_o the_o article_n of_o the_o romish_a religion_n have_v give_v we_o but_o too_o sad_a and_o recent_a a_o example_n and_o how_o you_o can_v assure_v i_o that_o the_o king_n act_v upon_o these_o very_a principle_n and_o be_v govern_v by_o like_a confessor_n will_v never_o do_v the_o same_o thing_n i_o shall_v be_v glad_a to_o receive_v some_o better_a satisfaction_n than_o his_o bare_a word_n to_o the_o contrary_n nor_o yet_o be_v my_o other_o instance_n of_o its_o be_v leave_v according_a to_o your_o doctrine_n in_o the_o king_n power_n to_o make_v a_o violent_a assault_n upon_o the_o person_n both_o of_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o assemble_v in_o parliament_n whenever_o he_o please_v without_o any_o resistance_n whatsoever_o so_o remote_a and_o improbable_a as_o you_o be_v please_v to_o make_v it_o since_o you_o may_v find_v it_o still_o upon_o record_n among_o the_o article_n exhibit_v in_o parliament_n against_o robert_n de_fw-fr vere_n duke_n of_o ireland_n robert_n tresilian_n chief_a justice_n and_o sir_n nicholas_n brembur_n in_o the_o parliament_n of_o the_o 11_o of_o richard_n the_o second_o secunda_fw-la which_o i_o have_v already_o mention_v the_o 15_o article_n of_o which_o be_v that_o they_o by_o their_o false_a council_n have_v cause_v the_o king_n to_o command_v the_o say_a nicholas_n be_v then_o mayor_n of_o london_n sudden_o to_o rise_v with_o a_o great_a power_n to_o kill_v and_o put_v to_o death_n the_o say_a lord_n viz._n thomas_n duke_n of_o gloucester_n and_o the_o other_o lord_n there_o name_v and_o the_o commons_o viz._n of_o the_o parliament_n of_o the_o 10_o of_o this_o king_n who_o be_v not_o of_o their_o party_n and_o conspiracy_n for_o the_o do_v of_o which_o wickedness_n the_o say_v grand_a traitor_n abovesaid_a be_v party_n and_o present_n to_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o realm_n so_o that_o if_o this_o treason_n have_v not_o be_v discover_v and_o that_o no_o private_a person_n may_v then_o resist_v those_o commissioned_n by_o the_o king_n it_o will_v have_v be_v treason_n according_a to_o your_o principle_n for_o the_o say_a lord_n and_o commons_o to_o have_v resist_v those_o that_o be_v thus_o send_v to_o assault_v they_o and_o take_v away_o their_o life_n and_o what_o have_v once_o happen_v it_o be_v not_o impossible_a but_o it_o may_v happen_v again_o and_o we_o may_v remember_v how_o about_o little_a more_o than_o 30_o year_n since_o that_o the_o k._n of_o denmark_n shut_v up_o the_o senator_n and_o nobility_n of_o the_o great_a council_n of_o that_o kingdom_n in_o coppenhagen_n and_o threaten_v they_o with_o death_n or_o imprisonment_n if_o they_o refuse_v to_o give_v up_o all_o their_o liberty_n and_o from_o a_o elective_a king_n make_v he_o and_o his_o successor_n absolute_a hereditary_a monarch_n as_o they_o be_v at_o this_o day_n by_o mean_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o clergy_n of_o that_o kingdom_n who_o then_o base_o give_v up_o and_o betray_v the_o liberty_n of_o their_o country_n and_o what_o they_o have_v now_o get_v by_o it_o they_o best_o know_v therefore_o this_o be_v a_o thing_n to_o be_v consider_v as_o a_o
there_o be_v no_o other_o mean_n leave_v but_o to_o resist_v it_o if_o they_o be_v able_a m._n i_o can_v give_v you_o very_o good_a reason_n to_o satisfy_v you_o why_o though_o i_o grant_v private_a subject_n may_v judge_v of_o the_o legality_n or_o illegality_n of_o the_o king_n commission_n and_o also_o refuse_v to_o obey_v his_o illegal_a command_n and_o also_o that_o all_o public_a officer_n ought_v to_o take_v care_n at_o their_o peril_n how_o they_o act_v by_o or_o execute_v such_o illegal_a commission_n yet_o that_o it_o do_v not_o therefore_o follow_v that_o such_o illegal_a commission_n or_o order_n though_o execute_v upon_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o people_n may_v be_v resist_v by_o they_o for_o all_o limitation_n of_o the_o royal_a power_n be_v only_o voluntary_a and_o proceed_v from_o the_o mere_a grace_n and_o favour_n of_o our_o king_n they_o be_v not_o compellable_n by_o force_n or_o resistable_a if_o they_o shall_v impose_v their_o own_o proclamation_n deinde_fw-la or_o edict_n upon_o we_o instead_o of_o law_n for_o though_o i_o grant_v that_o the_o king_n have_v no_o just_a or_o legal_a authority_n to_o act_v against_o law_n and_o that_o if_o he_o know_o put_v any_o subject_n to_o death_n contrary_a to_o law_n he_o be_v a_o murderer_n and_o no_o prince_n can_v have_v any_o such_o prerogative_n as_o to_o commit_v open_a downright_a murder_n either_o in_o his_o own_o person_n or_o by_o those_o who_o act_n by_o commission_n from_o he_o but_o what_o follow_v from_o hence_o that_o they_o may_v resist_v or_o oppose_v they_o if_o they_o do_v this_o i_o absolute_o deny_v because_o god_n and_o the_o law_n have_v command_v we_o not_o to_o resist_v and_o i_o see_v no_o inconsistency_n between_o those_o two_o proposition_n that_o a_o king_n have_v no_o authority_n to_o act_v against_o law_n and_o yet_o that_o neither_o he_o nor_o those_o commission_v by_o he_o though_o act_v against_o law_n may_v be_v resist_v both_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o the_o law_n of_o our_o country_n suppose_v these_o two_o to_o be_v very_o consistent_a for_o notwithstanding_o the_o possibility_n that_o prince_n may_v thus_o abuse_v their_o power_n and_o transgress_v the_o law_n whereby_o they_o ought_v to_o govern_v yet_o they_o also_o command_v subject_n in_o no_o case_n to_o resist_v and_o it_o be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o justify_v resistance_n if_o prince_n do_v what_o they_o have_v no_o just_a authority_n to_o do_v unless_o we_o have_v also_o a_o just_a authority_n to_o resist_v he_o who_o exceed_v the_o just_a bound_n of_o this_o authory_n be_v liable_a to_o be_v call_v to_o a_o account_n for_o it_o but_o he_o be_v accountable_a only_o to_o those_o who_o have_v a_o superior_a authority_n to_o call_v he_o to_o a_o account_n no_o power_n whatsoever_o be_v accountable_a to_o a_o inferior_a for_o this_o be_v a_o contradiction_n to_o the_o very_a notion_n of_o power_n and_o destructive_a of_o all_o order_n and_o civil_a government_n inferior_a magistrate_n be_v on_o all_o hand_n acknowledge_v to_o be_v liable_a to_o give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o abuse_n of_o their_o power_n but_o to_o who_o must_v they_o give_v a_o account_n not_o to_o their_o inferior_n not_o to_o the_o people_n who_o they_o be_v to_o govern_v but_o to_o superior_a magistrate_n or_o to_o the_o sovereign_a prince_n who_o govern_v all_o thus_o the_o sovereign_a prince_n may_v exceed_v his_o authority_n and_o be_v accountable_a for_o it_o to_o a_o superior_a power_n but_o because_o he_o have_v no_o superior_a power_n on_o earth_n he_o can_v be_v resist_v by_o his_o own_o subject_n but_o must_v be_v reserve_v to_o the_o judgement_n of_o god_n who_o alone_o be_v the_o king_n of_o king_n f._n in_o the_o first_o place_n i_o deny_v and_o i_o have_v sufficient_o prove_v the_o contrary_a that_o all_o limitation_n of_o royal_a power_n proceed_v at_o first_o from_o the_o mere_a grace_n and_o favour_n of_o our_o king_n since_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n have_v be_v from_o its_o first_o institution_n limit_v by_o law_n and_o the_o people_n have_v likewise_o always_o enjoy_v a_o property_n in_o their_o life_n liberty_n and_o estate_n by_o the_o same_o law_n though_o i_o grant_v you_o and_o i_o be_v thus_o far_o agree_v that_o the_o king_n have_v no_o just_a and_o and_o legal_a authority_n to_o act_v against_o law_n and_o that_o if_o he_o put_v any_o man_n to_o death_n or_o take_v away_o his_o estate_n contrary_a to_o it_o it_o be_v murder_n and_o robbery_n and_o likewise_o that_o the_o subject_n may_v be_v capable_a of_o judge_v concern_v such_o illegal_a command_n but_o you_o will_v not_o allow_v that_o if_o such_o a_o limited_a monarch_n shall_v send_v his_o mercenary_a force_n to_o take_v away_o our_o estate_n or_o to_o dragoon_n we_o till_o we_o will_v own_v ourselves_o of_o his_o religion_n that_o those_o instrument_n of_o his_o tyranny_n may_v be_v resist_v or_o that_o i_o have_v bring_v any_o reason_n for_o it_o whereas_o if_o you_o have_v but_o attend_v better_a to_o my_o discourse_n at_o our_o 3d_o and_o four_o meeting_n you_o may_v have_v remember_v that_o i_o plain_o enough_o prove_v to_o you_o that_o god_n have_v not_o give_v prince_n nor_o those_o commissioned_n by_o they_o any_o authority_n to_o murder_n or_o enslave_v their_o subject_n and_o yourself_o then_o grant_v that_o every_o man_n have_v power_n to_o defend_v his_o life_n against_o he_o who_o have_v no_o authority_n to_o take_v it_o away_o 59_o which_o hold_v more_o strong_o in_o our_o constitution_n where_o if_o the_o king_n give_v a_o man_n a_o commission_n to_o act_v contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n it_o be_v altogether_o void_a and_o the_o people_n may_v as_o well_o justify_v their_o resistance_n of_o those_o officer_n or_o soldier_n who_o shall_v come_v to_o dragoon_n or_o persecute_v they_o for_o profess_v the_o religion_n establish_v by_o law_n as_o if_o he_o have_v send_v they_o downright_a to_o cut_v their_o throat_n and_o this_o be_v their_o right_n by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o nature_n whether_o god_n have_v take_v away_o this_o right_n by_o any_o express_a precept_n in_o the_o holy_a scripture_n i_o also_o examine_v at_o those_o meeting_n but_o whether_o any_o municipal_a law_n of_o the_o land_n have_v restrain_v we_o from_o it_o i_o have_v also_o now_o consider_v and_o prove_v it_o contrary_n to_o the_o true_a intent_n and_o meaning_n of_o these_o act_n concern_v the_o militia_n and_o therefore_o to_o say_v that_o it_o be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o justify_v resistance_n if_o prince_n do_v or_o command_v what_o they_o have_v no_o legal_a authority_n for_o unless_o we_o can_v also_o show_v a_o authority_n to_o resist_v be_v a_o mistake_n if_o by_o authority_n you_o mean_v a_o express_a civil_a law_n for_o it_o because_o such_o resistance_n in_o absolute_a monarchy_n be_v justifiable_a by_o that_o which_o be_v prior_n to_o all_o civil_a law_n the_o right_a of_o self-defence_n or_o preservation_n and_o so_o likewise_o in_o limit_a kingdom_n there_o be_v the_o same_o necessity_n of_o defensive_a arm_n upon_o a_o general_a breach_n or_o violation_n of_o any_o fundamental_a constitution_n of_o the_o government_n since_o it_o can_v be_v keep_v or_o maintain_v without_o such_o resistance_n be_v allow_v so_o that_o if_o the_o king_n have_v no_o authority_n to_o act_v contrary_a to_o law_n he_o can_v sure_o delegate_v that_o to_o other_o which_o he_o have_v not_o in_o himself_o and_o consequent_o such_o commission_n to_o persecute_v or_o murder_n man_n contrary_a to_o law_n be_v in_o themselves_o void_a the_o person_n that_o execute_v they_o be_v no_o officer_n may_v be_v just_o resist_v and_o the_o resistance_n of_o such_o a_o illegal_a act_n do_v not_o at_o all_o derogate_a from_o his_o sovereignty_n as_o king_n since_o as_o i_o tell_v you_o before_o that_o be_v limit_v only_o to_o the_o performance_n of_o legal_a act_n and_o extend_v not_o to_o illegal_a order_n or_o command_v and_o as_o for_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o reason_n you_o give_v against_o this_o resistance_n viz._n because_o he_o who_o exceed_v the_o just_a bound_n of_o his_o authority_n be_v liable_a to_o be_v call_v to_o a_o account_n for_o it_o only_o by_o those_o who_o have_v a_o superior_a authority_n to_o do_v it_o whereas_o no_o power_n whatsoever_o be_v accountable_a to_o a_o inferior_a you_o do_v but_o impose_v upon_o i_o and_o yourself_o the_o same_o fallacy_n which_o you_o have_v so_o often_o make_v use_n of_o in_o make_v be_v accountable_a all_o one_o with_o irresistible_a which_o be_v vast_o different_a and_o therefore_o your_o conclusion_n be_v as_o false_a that_o because_o the_o sovereign_a prince_n may_v exceed_v his_o authority_n and_o be_v only_o accountable_a for_o it_o to_o god_n that_o therefore_o he_o can_v be_v resist_v by_o his_o own_o subject_n for_o he_o may_v
be_v resist_v and_o yet_o be_v still_o unaccountable_a those_o two_o differ_v as_o must_v we_o self-defence_n do_v from_o punishment_n as_o i_o have_v more_o than_o once_o tell_v you_o m._n i_o can_v rest_v satisfy_v with_o this_o reply_n for_o though_o i_o so_o far_o agree_v with_o you_o 193._o that_o a_o act_n without_o a_o legal_a authority_n carry_v no_o obligation_n at_o all_o along_o with_o it_o and_o therefore_o can_v oblige_v the_o subject_a to_o obedience_n now_o this_o be_v true_a if_o by_o obedience_n you_o mean_v a_o active_a obedience_n for_o i_o be_o not_o bind_v to_o do_v a_o ill_a thing_n or_o a_o illegal_a action_n because_o my_o prince_n command_v i_o but_o if_o you_o mean_v passive_a obedience_n it_o be_v as_o manifest_o false_a for_o i_o be_o bind_v to_o obey_v that_o be_v not_o to_o resist_v my_o prince_n when_o he_o offer_v i_o the_o most_o unjust_a and_o illegal_a violence_n nay_o it_o be_v very_o false_a and_o absurd_a to_o say_v that_o every_o illegal_a be_v a_o inauthoritative_a act_n which_o carry_v no_o obligation_n with_o it_o this_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o practice_n of_o all_o human_a judicature_n and_o the_o daily_a experience_n of_o man_n who_o suffer_v in_o their_o life_n body_n or_o estate_n by_o a_o unjust_a or_o illegal_a sentence_n every_o judgement_n contrary_a to_o the_o true_a meaning_n of_o the_o law_n be_v in_o that_o sense_n illegal_a and_o yet_o such_o illegal_a judgement_n have_v their_o authority_n and_o obligation_n till_o they_o be_v rescind_v by_o some_o high_a authority_n this_o be_v the_o true_a reason_n of_o appeal_n from_o inferior_a to_o superior_a court_n to_o rectify_v illegal_a proceed_n and_o reverse_v illegal_a judgement_n which_o suppose_v that_o such_o illegal_a act_n have_v authority_n till_o they_o be_v make_v null_n and_o void_a by_o a_o high_a power_n and_o if_o the_o high_a power_n from_o whence_o lie_v no_o appeal_n confirm_v and_o ratify_v a_o unjust_a and_o illegal_a sentence_n it_o carry_v so_o much_o authority_n and_o obligation_n with_o it_o that_o the_o injure_v person_n have_v no_o redress_n but_o must_v patient_o submit_v and_o thus_o it_o must_v necessary_o be_v or_o there_o can_v be_v no_o end_n of_o dispute_n nor_o any_o order_n or_o government_n observe_v in_o human_a society_n and_o this_o be_v a_o plain_a demonstration_n that_o though_o the_o law_n be_v the_o rule_n according_a to_o which_o prince_n ought_v to_o exercise_v their_o authority_n and_o power_n yet_o the_o authority_n be_v not_o in_o the_o law_n but_o in_o the_o person_n that_o execute_v they_o for_o otherwise_o why_o be_v not_o a_o sentence_n pronounce_v according_a to_o law_n by_o a_o private_a person_n of_o as_o much_o authority_n as_o a_o sentence_n pronounce_v by_o a_o judge_n or_o how_o do_v a_o illegal_a sentence_n pronounce_v by_o a_o judge_n come_v to_o have_v any_o authority_n for_o a_o sentence_n contrary_a to_o law_n can_v have_v the_o authority_n of_o the_o law_n and_o why_o be_v a_o legal_a or_o illegal_a sentence_n reversible_a and_o alterable_a when_o pronounce_v by_o one_o judge_n and_o irreversible_a and_o unalterable_a when_o pronounce_v by_o another_o for_o the_o law_n be_v the_o same_o and_o the_o sentence_n be_v the_o same_o either_o according_a to_o law_n or_o against_o it_o whoever_o the_o judge_n be_v but_o indeed_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o person_n be_v not_o the_o same_o and_o that_o make_v the_o difference_n so_o that_o there_o be_v a_o authority_n in_o person_n in_o some_o sense_n distinct_a from_o the_o authority_n of_o law_n nay_o superior_a to_o it_o for_o there_o be_v such_o a_o authority_n as_o though_o it_o can_v make_v a_o illegal_a act_n legal_a yet_o it_o can_v and_o often_o do_v make_v a_o illegal_a act_n bind_v and_o obligatory_a to_o the_o subject_n when_o pronounce_v by_o a_o competent_a judge_n f._n i_o think_v notwithstanding_o all_o you_o have_v now_o say_v your_o distinction_n of_o a_o supreme_a authority_n in_o person_n above_o and_o distinct_a from_o the_o authority_n of_o law_n will_v prove_v a_o mere_a notion_n for_o you_o grant_v that_o the_o king_n have_v no_o just_a or_o legal_a authority_n to_o act_v against_o law_n and_o that_o if_o he_o put_v any_o man_n to_o death_n contrary_a to_o it_o it_o be_v downright_a murder_n but_o you_o will_v not_o allow_v that_o if_o the_o king_n shall_v thus_o murder_v never_o so_o many_o thousand_o either_o he_o or_o those_o instrument_n of_o tyranny_n may_v be_v resist_v and_o therefore_o you_o will_v fain_o top_v upon_o i_o your_o old_a distinction_n of_o a_o active_a and_o passive_a obedience_n the_o former_a of_o which_o i_o very_o well_o understand_v but_o as_o for_o the_o latter_a i_o have_v long_o since_o prove_v that_o it_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v any_o obedience_n that_o it_o be_v indeed_o downright_a disobedience_n or_o a_o refusal_n to_o do_v that_o which_o the_o prince_n command_v so_o that_o true_o yourself_o have_v teach_v i_o to_o distinguish_v between_o the_o king_n be_v personal_a authority_n and_o his_o legal_a for_o otherwise_o why_o be_v you_o not_o as_o much_o oblige_v to_o yield_v a_o active_a obedience_n to_o the_o king_n be_v personal_a illegal_a commission_n or_o command_v as_o to_o his_o legal_a one_o if_o there_o be_v no_o difference_n between_o they_o so_o then_o all_o the_o difference_n between_o we_o lie_v in_o the_o measure_n of_o the_o disobedience_n you_o maintain_v that_o it_o be_v sufficient_a not_o to_o yield_v obedience_n to_o such_o illegal_a commission_n and_o command_n and_o i_o that_o beside_o this_o denial_n of_o obedience_n if_o it_o be_v in_o a_o fundamental_a point_n and_o that_o which_o general_o concern_v the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o kingdom_n that_o they_o may_v not_o only_o be_v disobey_v but_o resist_v too_o if_o force_v upon_o we_o with_o violence_n and_o therefore_o all_o that_o you_o have_v say_v to_o prove_v that_o the_o authority_n to_o which_o we_o be_v bind_v to_o submit_v consist_v not_o in_o the_o law_n but_o in_o the_o person_n though_o act_v contrary_a to_o law_n be_v according_o to_o your_o own_o way_n of_o reason_v altogether_o unconclusive_a and_o far_o when_o you_o say_v that_o it_o be_v false_a and_o absurd_a to_o affirm_v that_o every_o illegal_a be_v a_o unauthoritative_a act_n which_o carry_v no_o obligation_n with_o it_o i_o shall_v prove_v that_o this_o absurdity_n lie_v whole_o on_o your_o side_n for_o 1._o legal_a and_o authoritative_a 15._o be_v all_o one_o in_o our_o law_n for_o that_o which_o be_v not_o legal_a carry_v no_o authority_n along_o with_o it_o so_o that_o illegal_a authority_n be_v in_o plaiâ—â—_n english_a unlawful_a lawful_a power_n nor_o have_v k._n charles_n 1._o any_o such_o extravagant_a notion_n of_o his_o royal_a authority_n who_o certain_o understand_v his_o own_o power_n better_o than_o you_o or_o i_o when_o he_o own_v in_o his_o declaration_n to_o the_o long_a parliament_n date_v from_o newmarket_n 1641._o that_o the_o law_n be_v the_o measure_n of_o his_o power_n which_o be_v as_o full_a a_o concession_n of_o the_o thing_n i_o affirm_v as_o word_n can_v express_v for_o if_o the_o law_n be_v the_o measure_n of_o it_o than_o his_o royal_a power_n or_o authority_n which_o be_v all_o one_o be_v limit_v by_o it_o for_o the_o measure_n of_o any_o thing_n be_v the_o limit_n or_o bound_n of_o the_o thing_n limit_v and_o when_o it_o exceed_v those_o bound_n it_o be_v a_o illegal_a and_o consequent_o a_o unauthoritative_a act_n which_o carry_v no_o obligation_n either_o active_a or_o passive_a along_o with_o it_o so_o likewise_o in_o the_o say_v king_n answer_n to_o both_o house_n concern_v the_o militia_n speak_v of_o the_o man_n by_o they_o name_v to_o he_o to_o be_v commissioner_n for_o it_o he_o thus_o reply_v if_o more_o power_n shall_v be_v think_v fit_a to_o be_v grant_v to_o they_o than_o by_o law_n be_v in_o the_o crown_n itself_o his_o majesty_n hold_v it_o reasonable_a that_o the_o same_o be_v by_o some_o law_n first_o vest_v in_o he_o with_o power_n to_o transfer_v it_o to_o these_o person_n etc._n etc._n in_o which_o passage_n it_o be_v grant_v that_o all_o the_o power_n or_o authority_n of_o the_o crown_n concern_v the_o militia_n be_v by_o or_o from_o the_o law_n and_o that_o the_o king_n have_v no_o more_o authority_n than_o what_o be_v vest_v in_o he_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n 2._o your_o argument_n from_o the_o practice_n of_o human_a judicature_n be_v also_o very_o fallacious_a for_o you_o argue_v from_o the_o bare_a abuse_n of_o a_o trust_n or_o commission_n with_o the_o execution_n of_o which_o all_o judge_n &_o officer_n must_v be_v entrust_v to_o that_o which_o be_v quite_o of_o another_o nature_n viz_o when_o the_o person_n entrust_v act_n direct_o contrary_a to_o his_o commission_n or_o without_o any_o commission_n
at_o all_o and_o therefore_o you_o be_v quite_o out_o in_o your_o law_n when_o you_o tell_v i_o that_o a_o absolute_a illegal_a judgement_n be_v valid_a till_o it_o be_v reverse_v for_o if_o it_o be_v appearant_o contrary_a to_o the_o know_a form_n of_o law_n and_o practice_n of_o the_o kingdom_n it_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v valid_a that_o though_o it_o be_v put_v in_o execution_n it_o will_v be_v look_v upon_o as_o null_n and_o do_v without_o any_o authority_n at_o all_o as_o suppose_v the_o king_n in_o person_n or_o any_o inferior_a judge_n 16._o shall_v condemn_v a_o man_n to_o die_v either_o contrary_a to_o the_o verdict_n of_o his_o jury_n or_o without_o any_o jury_n at_o all_o this_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v authoritative_a or_o valid_a that_o such_o a_o judgement_n be_v void_a in_o itself_o and_o those_o be_v guilty_a of_o murder_n who_o execute_v it_o and_o it_o will_v need_v no_o writ_n of_o error_n to_o reverse_v it_o but_o i_o suppose_v by_o illegal_a judgement_n you_o mean_v such_o judgement_n which_o have_v some_o error_n in_o they_o either_o in_o matter_n of_o law_n or_o form_n for_o which_o they_o may_v be_v reverse_v i_o grant_v if_o these_o shall_v not_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o valid_a and_o hold_v good_a till_o they_o be_v reverse_v in_o a_o high_a court_n there_o can_v not_o be_v any_o judgement_n give_v at_o all_o since_o all_o human_a judicatories_n whatsoever_o be_v subject_a to_o error_n and_o mistake_v and_o there_o be_v sure_a a_o great_a deal_n of_o difference_n between_o such_o action_n as_o be_v do_v by_o that_o authority_n which_o the_o law_n entrust_v they_o with_o though_o not_o due_o exercise_v and_o those_o violent_a and_o illegal_a act_n which_o a_o prince_n when_o he_o persecute_v and_o enslave_v his_o subject_n perform_v by_o his_o wicked_a instrument_n contrary_a to_o all_o divine_a and_o human_a law_n so_o that_o the_o validity_n of_o such_o a_o erroneous_a judgement_n be_v not_o from_o the_o judge_n personal_a authority_n above_o the_o law_n nor_o from_o his_o mistake_n or_o ignorance_n of_o the_o law_n but_o from_o that_o high_a credit_n and_o authority_n which_o the_o law_n have_v give_v to_o all_o court_n and_o judicial_a proceed_n which_o if_o they_o be_v do_v in_o due_a form_n be_v to_o be_v take_v for_o law_n however_o unjust_a and_o must_v be_v presume_v to_o be_v free_a from_o error_n till_o they_o be_v reverse_v in_o some_o high_a court._n m._n but_o if_o you_o please_v better_a to_o consider_v of_o it_o you_o will_v find_v a_o necessity_n of_o own_v a_o supreme_a power_n in_o the_o king_n beyond_o all_o appeal_n or_o resistance_n deinde_fw-la and_o that_o there_o must_v be_v a_o personal_a authority_n in_o he_o antecedent_n and_o superior_a to_o all_o civil_a law_n for_o there_o can_v be_v no_o law_n without_o a_o lawmaker_n and_o there_o can_v be_v no_o lawmaker_n unless_o there_o be_v one_o or_o more_o person_n invest_v with_o the_o power_n of_o government_n of_o which_o make_v law_n be_v one_o principal_a branch_n for_o a_o law_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o public_a and_o declare_v will_n and_o command_v of_o the_o lawmaker_n whether_o they_o be_v a_o sovereign_a prince_n or_o the_o people_n and_o hence_o it_o necessary_o follow_v that_o a_o sovereign_a prince_n do_v not_o receive_v his_o authority_n from_o the_o law_n deinde_fw-la but_o law_n receive_v their_o authority_n from_o he_o and_o i_o must_v be_v still_o of_o the_o same_o opinion_n as_o to_o bracton_n word_n which_o you_o before_o quote_v lex_fw-la facit_fw-la regem_fw-la the_o law_n make_v the_o king_n by_o which_o i_o can_v believe_v that_o that_o great_a lawyer_n mean_v that_o the_o king_n receive_v the_o sovereign_a power_n from_o the_o law_n for_o the_o the_o law_n have_v no_o authority_n nor_o can_v give_v any_o but_o what_o it_o receive_v from_o the_o king_n and_o than_o it_o be_v a_o wonderful_a riddle_n how_o the_o king_n shall_v receive_v his_o authority_n from_o the_o law_n and_o therefore_o i_o must_v stick_v to_o my_o former_a interpretation_n that_o when_o he_o say_v the_o law_n make_v the_o king_n that_o be_v it_o distinguish_v he_o from_o a_o tyrant_n as_o appear_v from_o the_o reason_n he_o give_v for_o it_o i._n e._n non_fw-la est_fw-la enim_fw-la rex_fw-la ubi_fw-la dominatur_fw-la voluntas_fw-la &_o non_fw-la lex_fw-la he_o be_v no_o king_n that_o govern_v by_o his_o arbitrary_a will_n and_o not_o by_o law_n not_o that_o he_o be_v no_o sovereign_a prince_n but_o he_o be_v a_o tyrant_n and_o not_o a_o king_n and_o hence_o it_o as_o evident_o follow_v that_o the_o be_v of_o sovereign_a power_n be_v independent_a on_o law_n that_o be_v as_o a_o sovereign_a prince_n do_v not_o receive_v his_o sovereign_a power_n from_o the_o law_n so_o shall_v he_o violate_v the_o law_n by_o which_o he_o be_v bind_v to_o govern_v yet_o he_o be_v not_o to_o be_v resist_v much_o less_o do_v he_o forfeit_v his_o power_n it_o be_v true_a he_o break_v his_o faith_n to_o god_n and_o his_o country_n but_o he_o be_v a_o sovereign_a prince_n still_o and_o now_o i_o hope_v it_o plain_o appear_v that_o every_o illegal_a act_n the_o king_n do_v or_o illegal_a commission_n that_o he_o grant_v be_v not_o a_o inauthoritative_a act_n or_o commission_n but_o lay_v on_o the_o subject_a a_o obligation_n to_o yield_v if_o not_o active_a yet_o a_o passive_a obedience_n and_o in_o the_o king_n be_v most_o illegal_a act_n though_o they_o have_v not_o the_o authority_n of_o law_n yet_o they_o have_v the_o authority_n of_o sovereign_a power_n which_o be_v irrisistible_a and_o unaccountable_a in_o a_o word_n it_o do_v not_o become_v any_o man_n who_o can_v think_v three_o consequence_n off_o to_o talk_v of_o the_o authority_n of_o law_n in_o derogation_n to_o the_o authority_n of_o sovereign_a power_n the_o sovereign_a power_n make_v the_o law_n and_o can_v repeal_v they_o and_o dispense_v with_o they_o and_o make_v new_a law_n the_o only_a power_n and_o authority_n of_o the_o law_n be_v in_o in_o the_o power_n that_o can_v make_v and_o execute_v law_n sovereign_a power_n be_v unseparable_a from_o the_o person_n of_o a_o sovereign_a prince_n though_o the_o exercise_n of_o it_o may_v be_v regulate_v by_o law_n and_o though_o the_o prince_n do_v very_o ill_a who_o have_v consent_v to_o such_o a_o regulation_n break_v the_o law_n yet_o when_o he_o act_v contrary_a to_o law_n such_o act_n carry_v sovereign_a and_o irrisistible_a authority_n with_o they_o while_o he_o continue_v a_o sovereign_a prince_n f._n i_o be_o very_a well_o satisfy_v notwithstanding_o all_o you_o have_v hitherto_o say_v that_o the_o government_n of_o england_n own_v no_o such_o thing_n as_o this_o arbitrary_a power_n with_o which_o you_o will_v invest_v the_o king_n since_o i_o have_v already_o prove_v at_o our_o â—th_n meet_v that_o the_o king_n be_v not_o the_o sole_a legislator_n and_o consequent_o not_o the_o sole_a supreme_a power_n so_o likewise_o our_o law_n it_o do_v as_o little_o understand_v any_o such_o thing_n as_o a_o personal_a authority_n in_o the_o king_n antecedent_n and_o superior_a to_o all_o law_n for_o since_o god_n have_v now_o leave_v off_o make_v king_n by_o his_o own_o special_a appointment_n as_o he_o do_v among_o the_o jew_n every_o king_n must_v either_o be_v so_o by_o the_o law_n or_o custom_n of_o that_o country_n or_o else_o a_o bare_a possession_n of_o the_o throne_n be_v sufficient_a to_o make_v he_o so_o and_o then_o every_o usurper_n have_v as_o much_o right_n to_o a_o crown_n as_o the_o most_o lawful_a prince_n and_o oliver_n cromwell_n be_v as_o rightful_a a_o prince_n as_o king_n charles_n the_o second_o it_o be_v true_a the_o first_o king_n of_o any_o race_n can_v not_o be_v invest_v with_o the_o crown_n by_o the_o same_o law_n as_o his_o successor_n be_v that_o be_v by_o a_o hereditary_a proximity_n of_o blood_n yet_o such_o a_o king_n whenever_o he_o begin_v to_o be_v so_o can_v have_v no_o legal_a right_n without_o the_o election_n recognition_n or_o consent_v of_o the_o people_n and_o as_o for_o a_o hereditary_a right_n that_o be_v but_o a_o right_n by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n or_o general_a consent_n of_o the_o people_n testify_v by_o a_o uninterrupted_a custom_n to_o entail_v the_o crown_n on_o such_o a_o family_n so_o that_o in_o either_o case_n they_o be_v king_n by_o law_n and_o therefore_o i_o conceive_v it_o can_v be_v only_o in_o this_o sense_n that_o bracton_n say_v lex_fw-la facit_fw-la regem_fw-la i._n e._n the_o law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n make_v the_o king_n which_o more_o plain_o appear_v by_o what_o immediate_o follow_v attribuat_fw-la igitur_fw-la rex_fw-la legi_fw-la quod_fw-la lex_fw-la attribuit_fw-la ei_fw-la viz._n dominationem_fw-la &_o potestatem_fw-la in_o which_o word_n nothing_o seem_v more_o plain_a than_o that_o the_o
say_v that_o the_o king_n can_v be_v judge_v or_o depose_v by_o the_o parliament_n or_o people_n and_o that_o he_o have_v without_o any_o effect_n of_o we_o absolute_o abdicate_v the_o government_n and_o depose_v himself_o but_o that_o i_o may_v not_o seem_v to_o speak_v out_o of_o any_o prejudice_n to_o this_o king_n person_n or_o government_n i_o desire_v we_o may_v first_o debate_v it_o in_o general_n whether_o a_o king_n of_o england_n can_v ever_o fall_v from_o or_o forfeit_v his_o royal_a dignity_n let_v he_o behave_v himself_o never_o so_o like_o a_o tyrant_n and_o when_o that_o be_v dispatch_v it_o will_v be_v then_o time_n to_o consider_v whether_o the_o king_n have_v so_o behave_v himself_o or_o not_o m._n i_o like_v your_o proposal_n well_o enough_o only_o let_v i_o desire_v you_o to_o come_v again_o as_o soon_o as_o you_o can_v for_o since_o i_o hear_v there_o be_v like_a to_o be_v no_o term_n i_o intend_v to_o go_v visit_v some_o friend_n in_o the_o country_n till_o i_o see_v the_o time_n clear_v up_o a_o little_a better_o f._n i_o will_v not_o fail_v to_o wait_v on_o you_o within_o a_o night_n or_o two_o and_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n be_o your_o humble_a servant_n m._n and_o i_o be_o you_o finis_fw-la bibliotheca_fw-la politica_fw-la or_o a_o discourse_n by_o way_n of_o dialogue_n on_o these_o question_n i._o whether_o a_o king_n of_o england_n can_v ever_o fall_v from_o or_o forfeit_v his_o royal_a dignity_n for_o any_o breach_n of_o a_o original_a contract_n or_o wilful_a violation_n of_o the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n ii_o whether_o king_n william_n common_o style_v the_o conqueror_n do_v by_o the_o conquest_n acquire_v such_o a_o absolute_a uncondition_v right_o to_o the_o crown_n of_o this_o realm_n for_o himself_o and_o his_o heir_n as_o can_v never_o be_v lawful_o resist_v or_o forfeit_v for_o any_o maladministration_n or_o tyranny_n whatever_o collect_v out_o of_o the_o most_o approve_a author_n both_o ancient_a and_o modern_a dialogue_n the_o ten_o london_n print_v for_o r._n baldwin_n in_o warwick-lane_n near_o the_o oxford-arm_n where_o also_o may_v be_v have_v the_o first_o second_o third_z four_o five_o six_z seven_o eight_o and_o nine_o dialogue_n 1693._o author_n who_o sense_n be_v make_v use_n of_o in_o this_o discourse_n and_o how_o denote_v in_o the_o margin_n dr._n hick_n jovian_a h._n i._n mr._n petyt_n right_o of_o the_o commons_o assert_v p._n r._n c._n dr._n brady_n answer_n thereunto_o b._n a._n p._n his_o answer_n to_o mr._n atwood_n janus_n etc._n etc._n b._n a._n i._n his_o answer_n to_o mr._n cook_n be_v argumentum_fw-la antinormanicum_n b._n a._n a._n mr._n atwood_n treatise_n call_v ius_n anglorum_fw-la ab_fw-la antiquo_fw-la i._o a._n a._n i_o desire_v the_o reader_n to_o remember_v that_o i_o do_v not_o make_v use_n of_o the_o word_n people_n for_o the_o mere_a vulgar_a or_o mobile_n but_o for_o the_o whole_a community_n consist_v of_o clergy_n nobility_n and_o commons_o the_o preface_n to_o the_o reader_n i_o be_o come_v to_o one_o of_o the_o last_o part_n of_o my_o intend_a task_n which_o in_o pursuance_n of_o the_o last_o discourse_n of_o resistance_n be_v whither_o the_o late_a king_n james_n by_o any_o breach_n of_o the_o original_a contract_n make_v between_o his_o predecessor_n and_o the_o people_n of_o this_o nation_n express_v by_o a_o notorious_a violation_n of_o the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o this_o kingdom_n have_v forfeit_v his_o crown_n and_o royal_a dignity_n and_o have_v thereby_o discharge_v the_o nation_n from_o all_o allegiance_n to_o he_o in_o the_o discuss_n of_o which_o to_o let_v the_o world_n see_v i_o do_v not_o write_v any_o thing_n out_o of_o particular_a spleen_n or_o prejudice_n to_o the_o late_a king_n person_n or_o government_n i_o have_v choose_v to_o handle_v this_o question_n in_o general_n without_o make_v any_o mention_n at_o all_o of_o he_o and_o therefore_o have_v urge_v all_o that_o i_o think_v can_v be_v speak_v on_o either_o side_n in_o this_o question_n without_o apply_v it_o to_o any_o king_n in_o particular_a but_o because_o i_o find_v the_o chief_n argument_n next_o that_o of_o a_o divine_a right_n for_o the_o absolute_a and_o unconditioned_a power_n of_o the_o late_a king_n be_v a_o right_n of_o conquest_n over_o this_o kingdom_n and_o nation_n from_o k_o william_n i._o common_o call_v the_o conqueror_n whereby_o he_o be_v suppose_v to_o have_v acquire_v a_o absolute_a indefeasible_a right_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o this_o realm_n both_o for_o himself_o and_o such_o lawful_a heir_n of_o his_o body_n as_o shall_v succeed_v thereunto_o i_o have_v also_o examine_v all_o thing_n considerable_a that_o have_v be_v or_o may_v be_v urge_v on_o either_o side_n on_o this_o question_n as_o well_o from_o ancient_a as_o modern_a author_n though_o i_o confess_v it_o be_v the_o more_o difficult_a to_o be_v resolve_v because_o not_o only_o our_o late_a antiquary_n such_o as_o sir_n h._n spelman_n sir_n roger_n twisden_n and_o mr._n selden_n be_v pâ—int_a blank_n against_o sir_n william_n dugdale_n and_o dr._n brady_n notion_n of_o king_n william_n title_n by_o conquest_n but_o also_o the_o ancient_a english_a and_o norman_a historian_n do_v extreme_o differ_v in_o their_o relation_n for_o though_o they_o both_o agree_v to_o find_v the_o best_a title_n he_o have_v on_o the_o testamentary_a donation_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o confessor_n which_o they_o also_o call_v a_o hereditary_a right_n yet_o do_v they_o very_o much_o differ_v about_o the_o manner_n of_o his_o government_n some_o of_o the_o most_o ancient_a of_o the_o norman_a and_o english_a historian_n set_v he_o forth_o as_o a_o just_a and_o pious_a prince_n and_o other_o of_o they_o and_o especial_o mat._n paris_n make_v â—im_a a_o mâ—er_a tyrant_n that_o observe_v neither_o oath_n nor_o law_n far_o than_o stand_v with_o hiâ—_n own_o convenience_n i_o have_v not_o therefore_o omit_v to_o my_o knowledge_n any_o considerable_a authority_n or_o argument_n that_o have_v be_v make_v use_n of_o and_o not_o to_o seem_v partial_a have_v add_v several_a new_a one_o that_o have_v not_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o before_o and_o though_o this_o subject_n may_v seem_v antiquate_v and_o trivial_a to_o divers_a nice_a reader_n yet_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o it_o will_v prove_v sufficient_o pleasant_a and_o instructive_a to_o those_o who_o be_v studious_a in_o our_o english_a history_n and_o law_n but_o as_o for_o the_o authority_n i_o have_v give_v you_o on_o either_o side_n i_o have_v confine_v myself_o witâ—in_o the_o space_n of_o 200_o year_n after_o the_o repute_a conquest_n because_o the_o author_n that_o write_v within_o that_o time_n may_v be_v suppose_v to_o speak_v either_o on_o their_o own_o knowledge_n or_o else_o from_o the_o then_o recent_a tradition_n of_o their_o grandfather_n or_o great_a grandfather_n at_o far_a as_o for_o the_o argument_n they_o be_v the_o best_a i_o can_v find_v among_o our_o pretend_a author_n and_o where_o they_o fall_v short_a i_o have_v add_v the_o best_a i_o can_v think_v of_o or_o have_v hear_v in_o those_o conversation_n i_o have_v frequent_v and_o if_o these_o do_v not_o satisfy_v i_o hope_v the_o reader_n will_v not_o blame_v i_o since_o it_o be_v not_o my_o fault_n they_o be_v no_o better_o but_o if_o the_o reverend_a dr._n hick_n or_o the_o learned_a dr._n brady_n who_o these_o question_n may_v chief_o concern_v shall_v vouchsafe_v to_o peruse_v this_o discourse_n and_o will_v take_v the_o pain_n so_o far_o to_o consider_v they_o as_o to_o show_v i_o my_o omission_n or_o wherein_o the_o person_n who_o i_o have_v all_o along_o introduce_v to_o oppose_v their_o sentiment_n have_v either_o argue_v false_o or_o be_v mistake_v in_o matter_n of_o fact_n i_o shall_v be_v so_o far_o from_o take_v it_o ill_o that_o i_o shall_v thank_v they_o for_o their_o pain_n provide_v it_o be_v do_v with_o that_o civility_n and_o candour_n which_o may_v be_v expect_v from_o person_n so_o eminent_a as_o they_o be_v for_o knowledge_n and_o civility_n i_o have_v no_o more_o but_o to_o beg_v the_o reader_n pardon_v for_o the_o length_n of_o this_o discourse_n which_o i_o can_v yet_o have_v enlarge_v far_o but_o that_o i_o leave_v he_o to_o satisfy_v his_o appetite_n to_o the_o full_a upon_o this_o subject_a of_o the_o norman_a conquest_n whenever_o mr._n petyt_n and_o mr._n atwood_n shall_v think_v fit_a to_o publish_v their_o laborious_a and_o learned_a collection_n on_o this_o subject_a till_o when_o i_o hope_v the_o reader_n will_v stay_v his_o stomach_n with_o these_o remainder_n though_o they_o have_v in_o great_a part_n be_v serve_v up_o already_o in_o the_o learned_a entertainment_n of_o those_o author_n mention_v immediate_o in_o the_o title_n page_n the_o ten_o dialogue_n between_o mr._n meanwell_n a_o civilian_n and_o mr._n freeman_n a_o gentleman_n
dare_v not_o insist_v upon_o it_o so_o that_o i_o do_v not_o now_o wonder_v that_o the_o gentleman_n of_o your_o principle_n be_v so_o violent_a for_o this_o right_n of_o resistance_n since_o it_o be_v only_o in_o order_n to_o introduce_v your_o darling_n doctrine_n of_o the_o people_n power_n of_o depose_v or_o lay_v aside_o their_o king_n as_o you_o term_v it_o whenever_o they_o shall_v judge_v they_o turn_v tyrant_n and_o have_v thereby_o forfeit_v their_o crown_n which_o be_v a_o most_o dangerous_a doctrine_n and_o if_o it_o shall_v take_v effect_n the_o prince_n of_o the_o world_n have_v need_n look_v about_o they_o since_o the_o people_n may_v make_v up_o such_o a_o pretence_n for_o aught_o i_o know_v even_o against_o the_o very_o best_a of_o they_o that_o be_v now_o regnant_n in_o europe_n but_o sure_o absolute_a monarch_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v out_v of_o their_o crown_n by_o strain_a consequence_n or_o force_a interpretation_n of_o law_n therefore_o pray_v show_v i_o this_o original_a contract_n you_o so_o much_o insist_v upon_o and_o those_o condition_n on_o which_o you_o suppose_v our_o limit_a monarch_n hold_v their_o crown_n i_o confess_v if_o you_o can_v show_v i_o any_o clause_n in_o our_o law_n or_o ancient_a form_n of_o the_o coronation_n of_o our_o king_n as_o there_o be_v at_o the_o coronation_n of_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n wherein_o the_o chief_a justice_n on_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o people_n plain_o tell_v he_o that_o they_o make_v he_o king_n upon_o this_o condition_n that_o they_o will_v have_v more_o power_n than_o himself_o or_o that_o in_o the_o confer_v of_o the_o regal_a power_n it_o be_v express_o reserve_v in_o what_o case_n it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a for_o they_o to_o resist_v the_o king_n or_o to_o absolve_v his_o subject_n from_o their_o allegiance_n as_o bodin_n tell_v we_o it_o be_v express_o insert_v in_o the_o coronation_n oath_n of_o henry_n ii_o duke_n of_o anjou_n afterward_o king_n of_o france_n when_o he_o be_v make_v king_n of_o poland_n that_o if_o he_o break_v his_o oath_n and_o violate_v the_o law_n and_o privilege_n of_o the_o clergy_n and_o nobility_n of_o poland_n than_o the_o people_n of_o that_o kingdom_n shall_v not_o be_v oblige_v to_o render_v he_o any_o obedience_n i_o grant_v then_o that_o the_o liberty_n of_o such_o a_o people_n may_v be_v preserve_v but_o the_o king_n that_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o regal_a power_n upon_o such_o condition_n will_v not_o be_v proper_o a_o monarch_n but_o liable_a to_o the_o judgement_n of_o his_o people_n whenever_o he_o real_o do_v or_o that_o they_o imagine_v he_o have_v thus_o violate_v their_o law_n since_o the_o supreme_a authority_n will_v still_o reside_v in_o they_o but_o indeed_o the_o case_n god_n be_v thank_v be_v much_o otherwise_o with_o our_o monarch_n who_o be_v king_n by_o right_a of_o inheritance_n whether_o ever_o they_o take_v any_o coronation_n oath_n or_o not_o as_o k._n edward_n the_o first_o be_v whilst_o he_o be_v in_o the_o holy_a land_n almost_o two_o year_n before_o he_o can_v come_v over_o to_o be_v crown_v and_o k._n henry_n the_o six_o be_v not_o crown_v till_o the_o eight_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n as_o well_o as_o of_o his_o age._n but_o that_o our_o king_n be_v so_o by_o inheritance_n and_o by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o man_n previous_a to_o any_o coronation_n oath_n or_o consent_v of_o the_o people_n be_v express_o declare_v by_o the_o act_n of_o recognition_n of_o k._n james_n i._o and_o that_o treason_n can_v be_v commit_v against_o he_o before_o he_o be_v crown_v sir_n edward_n cook_n tell_v we_o in_o calvin_n case_n rep._n be_v the_o opinion_n of_o all_o the_o judge_n of_o england_n in_o the_o plot_n wherein_o watson_n and_o clerk_n the_o priest_n be_v execute_v and_o sir_n walter_n raleigh_n condemn_v so_o that_o what_o you_o have_v now_o urge_v from_o reason_n or_o authority_n of_o our_o ancient_a lawyer_n be_v either_o quite_o mistake_v or_o else_o do_v not_o reach_v the_o matter_n in_o hand_n that_o it_o can_v be_v make_v out_o from_o reason_n be_v plain_a since_o your_o whole_a argument_n be_v build_v upon_o this_o false_a foundation_n that_o it_o be_v lawful_a in_o some_o case_n to_o resist_v the_o king_n in_o case_n of_o a_o notorious_a breach_n of_o the_o fundamental_a law_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v necessary_a also_o to_o declare_v he_o to_o have_v forfeit_v his_o crown_n if_o he_o persist_v in_o this_o violation_n whereas_o i_o deny_v your_o assumption_n for_o i_o hold_v it_o utter_o unlawful_a to_o resist_v on_o any_o pretence_n or_o for_o any_o cause_n whatsoever_o and_o therefore_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o the_o king_n who_o as_o i_o say_v but_o now_o be_v a_o absolute_a unconditioned_a monarch_n to_o forfeit_v his_o crown_n for_o any_o such_o violation_n of_o your_o original_a contract_n or_o fundamental_a law_n of_o government_n so_o that_o let_v i_o tell_v you_o that_o the_o citation_n you_o have_v bring_v out_o of_o history_n as_o also_o bracton_n and_o fleta_n do_v not_o prove_v either_o the_o one_o or_o the_o other_o of_o these_o for_o first_o as_o to_o the_o clause_n in_o king_n john_n charter_n concern_v resistance_n and_o the_o baron_n have_v a_o power_n thereby_o to_o constrain_v the_o king_n to_o amend_v his_o violation_n of_o it_o by_o make_v war_n upon_o he_o and_o that_o they_o shall_v not_o return_v to_o their_o former_a allegiance_n till_o all_o be_v redress_v make_v the_o most_o of_o it_o it_o can_v be_v no_o more_o than_o a_o particular_a concession_n for_o himself_o alone_o and_o be_v not_o intend_v to_o reach_v his_o successor_n who_o be_v not_o at_o all_o mention_v in_o this_o clause_n and_o that_o it_o be_v never_o intend_v to_o reach_v they_o may_v further_o appear_v because_o that_o this_o clause_n of_o resistance_n be_v omit_v out_o of_o all_o the_o subsequent_a great_a charter_n that_o be_v grant_v by_o henry_n the_o iii_o or_o his_o son_n edward_n the_o i._o and_o instead_o of_o this_o it_o be_v think_v a_o sufficient_a security_n upon_o the_o last_o confirmation_n of_o these_o charter_n in_o the_o 37_o year_n of_o king_n henry_n iii_o for_o the_o king_n bishop_n earl_n and_o baron_n to_o agree_v that_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o bishop_n shall_v declare_v all_o those_o that_o wilful_o transgress_v or_o infringe_v the_o great_a charter_n in_o any_o point_n excommunicate_v ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la not_o except_v the_o king_n himself_o according_a to_o the_o form_n of_o it_o which_o you_o will_v find_v in_o mat._n paris_n and_o other_o writer_n of_o this_o transaction_n but_o for_o the_o place_n you_o have_v cite_v out_o of_o bracton_n there_o be_v none_o of_o they_o reach_v the_o point_n in_o question_n for_o as_o to_o the_o first_o non_fw-la est_fw-la rex_fw-la ubi_fw-la dominatur_fw-la voluntas_fw-la &_o non_fw-la rex_fw-la the_o meaning_n of_o it_o be_v not_o that_o he_o be_v no_o king_n but_o that_o he_o do_v not_o act_n as_o a_o king_n but_o a_o tyrant_n when_o he_o thus_o govern_v by_o his_o mere_a will_n and_o not_o by_o law_n and_o to_o the_o same_o effect_n be_v the_o next_o passage_n rex_fw-la est_fw-la dum_fw-la bene_fw-la regit_fw-la tyrannus_n dum_fw-la populum_fw-la fibi_fw-la tradi_fw-la they_o violenta_fw-la opprimit_fw-la dominatione_fw-la all_o which_o we_o ready_o grant_v yet_o since_o he_o be_v still_o a_o absolute_a monarch_n all_o writer_n hold_v that_o his_o govern_n without_o or_o against_o law_n can_v give_v the_o subject_n a_o power_n to_o resist_v he_o much_o less_o can_v it_o be_v construe_v as_o a_o renunciation_n or_o forfeiture_n of_o his_o imperial_a power_n and_o therefore_o though_o it_o be_v true_a that_o as_o bracton_n and_o fleta_n tell_v we_o whilst_o he_o thus_o act_n he_o do_v not_o act_n as_o god_n lieutenant_n but_o the_o devil_n minister_n yet_o do_v it_o not_o follow_v that_o we_o may_v therefore_o resist_v he_o with_o carnal_a weapon_n or_o force_n since_o we_o can_v so_o resist_v the_o devil_n himself_o and_o though_o he_o may_v in_o this_o matter_n of_o breach_n of_o the_o law_n which_o he_o have_v swear_v to_o observe_v act_n as_o the_o devil_n minister_n yet_o notwithstanding_o in_o all_o other_o point_n of_o government_n as_o in_o the_o punishment_n of_o robber_n and_o other_o notorious_a offender_n and_o in_o the_o due_a administration_n of_o justice_n between_o man_n and_o man_n he_o still_o act_n as_o god_n lieutenant_n and_o it_o be_v much_o better_a that_o we_o shall_v have_v some_o civil_a government_n though_o mix_v with_o tyranny_n and_o oppression_n than_o that_o we_o shall_v fall_v into_o all_o the_o mischief_n and_o confusion_n of_o a_o civil_a war_n nay_o that_o anarchy_n too_o which_o have_v be_v often_o produce_v by_o it_o and_o though_o i_o confess_v the_o last_o place_n you_o
have_v make_v use_n of_o to_o wit_n rex_fw-la habet_fw-la superiorem_fw-la legem_fw-la &_o curiam_fw-la svam_fw-la viz._n comites_fw-la &_o barones_n &c._n &c._n who_o ought_v if_o he_o transgress_v the_o law_n to_o put_v a_o bridle_n upon_o he_o yet_o by_o this_o as_o i_o have_v already_o prove_v neither_o bracton_n nor_o fleta_n can_v mean_v any_o co-active_a â—orce_n but_o only_o a_o moral_a restraint_n upon_o the_o king_n by_o petition_n remonstrance_n or_o denial_n of_o aid_n till_o he_o will_v be_v reform_v by_o fair_a mean_n but_o that_o it_o do_v not_o go_v far_o appear_v by_o the_o parallel_v bracton_n there_o make_v between_o our_o saviour_n christ_n and_o the_o virgin_n mary_n who_o be_v both_o free_a from_o the_o law_n of_o moses_n yet_o voluntary_o choose_v to_o be_v obedient_a to_o it_o which_o sufficient_o prove_v that_o those_o author_n never_o design_v that_o the_o parliament_n shall_v oblige_v the_o king_n by_o force_n or_o whether_o he_o will_v or_o no_o to_o amend_v his_o fault_n since_o that_o be_v as_o you_o yourself_o must_v acknowledge_v against_o their_o very_a institution_n since_o both_o their_o meeâ—ing_n and_o their_o dissolution_n whole_o depend_v upon_o the_o king_n will._n f._n i_o confess_v you_o have_v make_v a_o long_a and_o elaborate_a speech_n in_o answer_n to_o my_o notion_n that_o a_o king_n may_v forfeit_v his_o crown_n that_o be_v by_o his_o own_o act_n cease_v to_o be_v king_n but_o i_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o give_v you_o a_o satisfactory_a answer_n to_o all_o this_o if_o you_o please_v to_o take_v it_o in_o the_o first_o place_n therefore_o i_o can_v but_o observe_v that_o all_o your_o discourse_n depend_v upon_o two_o principle_n alike_o false_a first_o that_o no_o absolute_a monarch_n can_v by_o his_o own_o act_n forfeit_v or_o lose_v his_o right_n to_o the_o government_n without_o a_o formal_a resignation_n of_o the_o crown_n or_o second_o that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v ever_o be_v such_o absolute_a monarch_n which_o if_o they_o be_v both_o great_a mistake_n all_o that_o you_o have_v say_v on_o this_o head_n fall_v of_o itself_o now_o that_o a_o king_n though_o a_o absolute_a monarch_n may_v do_v such_o a_o act_n as_o shall_v make_v a_o forfeiture_n of_o his_o crown_n without_o any_o solemn_a resignation_n of_o it_o you_o yourself_o be_v force_v to_o allow_v in_o the_o two_o case_n you_o have_v put_v viz._n that_o of_o such_o a_o monarch_n become_v a_o enemy_n to_o his_o people_n and_o go_v about_o to_o destroy_v they_o and_o that_o of_o his_o make_n over_o his_o kingdom_n to_o another_o without_o the_o people_n consent_n now_o if_o the_o diffusive_a body_n of_o the_o people_n in_o a_o absolute_a government_n can_v judge_v of_o these_o two_o case_n whenever_o they_o happen_v without_o appeal_n to_o any_o general_a council_n or_o assembly_n of_o the_o whole_a nation_n i_o desire_v to_o know_v why_o it_o may_v not_o be_v as_o easy_a and_o lawful_a for_o the_o people_n to_o judge_v without_o a_o parliament_n when_o the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o the_o constitution_n be_v general_o and_o wilful_o break_v and_o violate_v and_o that_o violation_n persist_v in_o by_o the_o king_n for_o the_o introduction_n of_o tyranny_n and_o a_o arbitrary_a government_n since_o the_o rule_n i_o have_v lay_v down_o to_o know_v it_o be_v but_o a_o few_o and_o easy_a to_o be_v know_v and_o judge_v of_o by_o the_o most_o common_a capacity_n now_o that_o a_o superior_a or_o governor_n may_v lose_v all_o that_o power_n and_o authority_n he_o once_o have_v and_o that_o without_o any_o act_n of_o the_o party_n govern_v may_v appear_v by_o those_o great_a and_o natural_a relation_n of_o a_o husband_n and_o a_o master_n in_o the_o former_a of_o which_o if_o a_o husband_n in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n use_v his_o wife_n so_o cruel_o that_o she_o can_v no_o long_o live_v or_o cohabit_n with_o he_o without_o danger_n of_o her_o life_n i_o doubt_v not_o but_o she_o may_v quit_v he_o and_o may_v also_o when_o she_o be_v out_o of_o his_o power_n marry_v herself_o again_o to_o another_o man_n that_o will_v use_v she_o better_o so_o in_o the_o other_o relation_n of_o a_o master_n if_o such_o a_o one_o in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n have_v a_o slave_n and_o will_v not_o allow_v he_o sufficient_a clothes_n victual_n or_o will_v beat_v he_o or_o use_v he_o so_o cruel_o for_o no_o just_a cause_n that_o he_o can_v enjoy_v the_o ordinary_a comfort_n of_o life_n no_o man_n will_v deny_v but_o that_o such_o a_o slave_n may_v lawful_o run_v away_o from_o such_o a_o master_n and_o â—s_n at_o liberty_n either_o to_o live_v of_o himself_o or_o to_o choose_v another_o master_n if_o he_o think_v good_a and_o this_o instance_n be_v much_o more_o strong_a in_o a_o hire_a servant_n who_o be_v to_o serve_v his_o master_n for_o such_o and_o such_o wage_n or_o to_o do_v such_o and_o such_o work_n and_o no_o other_o if_o in_o this_o case_n the_o master_n refuse_v to_o pay_v he_o his_o wage_n or_o put_v he_o to_o do_v other_o work_n than_o what_o be_v agree_v upon_o between_o they_o or_o instead_o of_o a_o hire_a servant_n will_v make_v he_o his_o absolute_a slave_n in_o these_o case_n no_o man_n can_v doubt_v but_o by_o this_o unjust_a treatment_n of_o the_o master_n the_o servant_n be_v discharge_v of_o his_o service_n and_o may_v go_v whether_o he_o please_v and_o of_o these_o action_n i_o have_v already_o prove_v at_o our_o first_o meeting_n the_o party_n injure_v be_v they_o wife_n or_o servant_n must_v be_v the_o only_a judge_n in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n where_o there_o be_v no_o civil_a power_n over_o they_o or_o else_o if_o the_o husband_n or_o master_n shall_v judge_v for_o himself_o the_o wife_n or_o servant_n be_v never_o like_a to_o get_v any_o redress_n apply_v this_o to_o the_o case_n of_o a_o limit_a or_o conditional_a king_n and_o his_o subject_n and_o see_v if_o it_o be_v not_o absolute_o the_o same_o upon_o the_o total_a breach_n of_o the_o original_a constitution_n of_o the_o government_n and_o whether_o the_o bond_n of_o allegiance_n be_v not_o then_o as_o absolute_o dissolve_v by_o the_o sole_a act_n of_o the_o prince_n without_o any_o authoritative_a power_n in_o the_o subject_n as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o case_n of_o such_o a_o wife_n or_o servant_n by_o the_o sole_a act_n of_o the_o husband_n or_o master_n without_o any_o superior_a authority_n in_o such_o wife_n or_o servant_n to_o quit_v they_o and_o so_o to_o discharge_v themselves_o of_o their_o wedlock_n or_o service_n therefore_o as_o to_o your_o accusation_n that_o my_o notion_n be_v worse_a than_o that_o of_o the_o rump_n parliament_n that_o put_v the_o king_n to_o death_n i_o deny_v it_o for_o they_o suppose_v that_o there_o be_v no_o way_n of_o be_v rid_v of_o a_o tyrannical_a king_n but_o by_o make_v the_o people_n and_o consequent_o the_o parliament_n as_o their_o representative_n his_o superior_n or_o judge_n to_o call_v he_o to_o a_o account_n and_o judge_n and_o punish_v he_o for_o his_o tyranny_n this_o i_o abhor_v as_o much_o as_o yourself_o for_o i_o grant_v that_o a_o king_n can_v be_v proper_o the_o supreme_a and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n own_o another_o power_n above_o he_o to_o punish_v or_o call_v he_o to_o a_o account_n for_o his_o miscarriage_n but_o this_o power_n that_o i_o insist_v on_o be_v not_o as_o i_o have_v all_o along_o tell_v you_o a_o power_n of_o punishment_n but_o a_o right_a of_o resistance_n for_o self-defence_n in_o the_o first_o place_n and_o of_o judge_v and_o declare_v the_o king_n to_o have_v forfeit_v his_o crown_n or_o right_o to_o govern_v if_o he_o persist_v in_o his_o tyranny_n without_o any_o amendment_n or_o satisfaction_n give_v to_o the_o people_n nor_o be_v this_o doctrine_n of_o the_o people_n thus_o judge_v for_o themselves_o so_o dangerous_a as_o that_o of_o the_o rumper_n as_o you_o suppose_v who_o put_v this_o right_n of_o judge_v when_o the_o king_n have_v thus_o forfeit_v his_o power_n in_o the_o parliament_n of_o which_o they_o think_v themselves_o the_o only_a lawful_a or_o necessary_a member_n but_o indeed_o it_o be_v not_o so_o for_o they_o still_o suppose_v he_o to_o be_v their_o lawful_a king_n and_o yet_o at_o the_o same_o pretend_a to_o arraign_v he_o as_o you_o may_v see_v by_o the_o title_n of_o the_o charge_n or_o indictment_n they_o draw_v up_o against_o he_o all_o which_o i_o grant_v to_o be_v altogether_o unjust_a and_o illegal_a but_o it_o be_v not_o more_o but_o rather_o less_o dangerous_a to_o put_v this_o power_n of_o judge_v when_o the_o king_n have_v thus_o dissolve_v the_o government_n and_o forfeit_v his_o crown_n upon_o such_o notorious_a and_o wilful_a breach_n of_o the_o fundamental_a law_n in_o the_o whole_a or_o diffusive_a body_n
shall_v be_v so_o for_o it_o be_v not_o mere_o a_o legal_a title_n by_o descent_n r._n but_o a_o legal_a investitute_a and_o recognition_n by_o parliament_n that_o make_v a_o legal_a king_n or_o a_o king_n in_o law_n as_o it_o make_v a_o legal_a magistrate_n and_o then_o all_o king_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la who_o be_v place_v in_o the_o throne_n by_o a_o legal_a authority_n and_o with_o all_o legal_a and_o acustomed_a ceremony_n be_v legal_a king_n and_o as_o such_o may_v require_v a_o legal_a allegiance_n so_o that_o all_o those_o hard_a word_n in_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o first_o of_o edward_n the_o ivth_o that_o call_v those_o king_n of_o the_o house_n of_o lancaster_n king_n in_o deed_n and_o not_o of_o right_n or_o pretend_a king_n mean_v no_o more_o than_o this_o that_o they_o be_v king_n for_o the_o time_n be_v and_o according_a to_o the_o law_n which_o have_v make_v they_o so_o though_o not_o according_a to_o that_o hereditary_a right_n of_o succession_n which_o those_o statute_n require_v if_o you_o have_v any_o thing_n to_o reply_v to_o this_o tell_v i_o or_o else_o i_o will_v proceed_v to_o answer_v your_o two_o other_o argument_n m._n i_o will_v not_o at_o present_a say_v more_o to_o this_o than_o i_o have_v do_v and_o therefore_o you_o may_v proceed_v if_o you_o please_v f._n your_o two_o next_o argument_n be_v from_o the_o attainder_n of_o richard_n the_o iiid_n and_o his_o principle_n assistant_n which_o be_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n as_o to_o that_o prince_n himself_o as_o also_o his_o adherent_n the_o attainder_n of_o king_n de_fw-mi facto_fw-la and_o their_o assistant_n in_o after_o parliament_n do_v not_o prove_v that_o subject_n can_v be_v guilty_a of_o treason_n against_o a_o king_n in_o possession_n nor_o do_v the_o statute_n of_o treason_n relate_v to_o a_o king_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la only_o for_o that_o statute_n be_v not_o make_v to_o secure_a prince_n title_n but_o the_o quiet_a of_o their_o government_n whilst_o they_o sit_v upon_o the_o throne_n for_o though_o a_o king_n if_o he_o be_v a_o usurper_n when_o ever_o the_o rightful_a king_n regain_v the_o possession_n of_o his_o throne_n if_o he_o be_v a_o subject_a before_o may_v be_v attaint_v of_o treason_n for_o his_o usurpation_n as_o be_v richard_n the_o iiid_n for_o treason_n against_o his_o own_o nephew_n king_n edward_n the_o vth_o yet_o this_o do_v no_o way_n prove_v that_o richard_n the_o iiid_n be_v no_o true_a king_n during_o his_o usurpation_n but_o only_o show_v the_o parliament_n abhorrence_n of_o his_o treason_n and_o to_o deter_v other_o from_o fall_v into_o the_o like_a attaint_v he_o and_o several_a of_o his_o accomplice_n who_o have_v assist_v he_o in_o his_o say_a usurpation_n for_o that_o they_o be_v not_o bare_o attaint_v for_o defend_v king_n richard_n title_n appear_v from_o this_o that_o the_o earl_n of_o surrey_n son_n to_o the_o duke_n of_o norfolk_n and_o divers_a other_o nobleman_n and_o gentleman_n who_o fight_v for_o king_n richard_n at_o bosworth-field_n be_v never_o attaint_v at_o all_o but_o as_o for_o the_o pardon_n that_o you_o say_v pass_v in_o that_o parliament_n of_o the_o 1_o st_z of_o henry_n the_o viith_o you_o be_v very_o much_o mistake_v in_o the_o purport_n of_o it_o for_o if_o you_o please_v to_o look_v upon_o it_o again_o you_o will_v find_v that_o it_o be_v not_o a_o general_n pardon_v for_o the_o common_a people_n who_o have_v fight_v on_o the_o behalf_n of_o richard_n the_o three_o 6._o but_o of_o all_o those_o who_o have_v come_v over_o with_o henry_n the_o viith_o himself_o or_o who_o be_v with_o he_o in_o the_o field_n against_o richard_n the_o three_o for_o all_o manner_n of_o murder_n spoil_n and_o trespass_n commit_v by_o they_o in_o take_v part_n with_o king_n henry_n against_o his_o enemy_n so_o that_o you_o see_v the_o assist_v of_o a_o king_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la be_v not_o only_o justifiable_a but_o those_o that_o have_v fight_v against_o he_o think_v themselves_o not_o safe_a till_o they_o have_v their_o pardon_n nay_o far_o that_o attainder_n pass_v in_o parliament_n be_v no_o proof_n that_o the_o prince_n against_o who_o they_o be_v pass_v be_v not_o lawful_a king_n appear_v from_o hence_o that_o when_o edward_n the_o four_o be_v drive_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o dispossess_v of_o the_o throne_n the_o next_o parliament_n under_o henry_n the_o six_o pass_v a_o act_n of_o attainder_n against_o he_o and_o his_o adherent_n but_o as_o for_o the_o attainder_n of_o henry_n the_o six_o you_o be_v very_o much_o mistake_v to_o suppose_v that_o it_o be_v for_o any_o treason_n commit_v against_o edward_n the_o four_o but_o it_o be_v for_o breach_n of_o the_o agreement_n make_v with_o his_o father_n the_o duke_n of_o york_n and_o in_o make_v war_n again_o upon_o he_o for_o have_v he_o not_o do_v this_o he_o have_v continue_v lawful_a king_n during_o his_o life_n by_o the_o duke_n of_o york_n own_o consent_n for_o in_o the_o parliament_n roll_v you_o your_o self_n have_v already_o cite_v it_o be_v thus_o express_v that_o consider_v the_o possession_n of_o the_o say_a king_n henry_n the_o six_o 18._o and_o that_o he_o have_v before_o this_o time_n be_v name_v take_v and_o repute_a king_n of_o england_n and_o france_n and_o lord_n of_o ireland_n the_o say_a duke_n be_v content_a agree_v and_o consent_v that_o he_o be_v have_v repute_v and_o take_v for_o king_n of_o england_n and_o of_o france_n with_o the_o royal_a estate_n dignity_n and_o pre-eminence_n belong_v thereto_o and_o lord_n of_o ireland_n during_o his_o life_n natural_a and_o for_o that_o time_n the_o say_a duke_n without_o hurt_n or_o prejudice_n of_o his_o say_a right_a and_o title_n shall_v take_v worship_n and_o honour_v he_o for_o his_o sovereign_a lord_n so_o that_o you_o see_v that_o by_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o parliament_n and_o by_o the_o express_a consent_n of_o the_o right_a heir_n of_o the_o crown_n a_o king_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la be_v to_o be_v own_a by_o this_o right_a heir_n for_o his_o true_a and_o lawful_a sovereign_n and_o therefore_o can_v not_o be_v attaint_v for_o detain_v the_o crown_n from_o he_o or_o his_o son_n m._n i_o will_v not_o dispute_v this_o point_n any_o further_o but_o yet_o methinks_v though_o treason_n may_v be_v comit_v against_o the_o king_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la whilst_o he_o continue_v king_n yet_o this_o be_v not_o for_o any_o allegiance_n due_a to_o he_o but_o because_o such_o treason_n be_v against_o the_o due_a order_n of_o government_n and_o the_o common_a peace_n of_o the_o nation_n such_o action_n be_v therefore_o treason_n from_o the_o presume_a or_o tacit_n consent_n of_o the_o king_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la f._n i_o grant_v indeed_o that_o such_o act_n be_v against_o the_o order_n of_o government_n 59_o and_o very_o destructive_a to_o it_o which_o be_v the_o only_a reason_n why_o they_o be_v make_v treason_n by_o law_n and_o this_o be_v as_o good_a a_o reason_n why_o the_o law_n shall_v make_v they_o treason_n against_o a_o king_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la as_o against_o a_o king_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la for_o they_o ere_o equal_o against_o the_o order_n of_o government_n and_o destructive_a to_o it_o whoever_o be_v king_n and_o that_o be_v the_o only_a reason_n why_o they_o make_v it_o treason_n at_o all_o now_o this_o presume_a or_o tacit_n consent_n of_o the_o king_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la be_v a_o very_a pretty_a notion_n and_o serve_v you_o for_o a_o great_a many_o good_a turn_n it_o make_v law_n and_o it_o make_v treason_n and_o give_v authority_n to_o the_o unauthoritative_a act_n of_o a_o king_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v or_o you_o say_v nothing_o that_o the_o presume_a consent_n of_o a_o king_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la invest_v the_o king_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la at_o the_o time_n with_o his_o authority_n for_o if_o he_o have_v no_o authority_n of_o his_o own_o unless_o what_o the_o presume_a consent_n of_o the_o king_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la give_v he_o that_o can_v make_v any_o treasonable_a act_n do_v against_o he_o to_o be_v treason_n for_o it_o can_v alter_v the_o nature_n of_o thing_n nor_o make_v a_o man_n guilty_a of_o treason_n against_o any_o person_n to_o who_o he_o owe_v no_o duty_n of_o allegiance_n and_o if_o the_o presume_a consent_n of_o the_o king_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la can_v invest_v the_o king_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la with_o his_o authority_n it_o must_v transfer_v the_o allegiance_n of_o the_o subject_n too_o and_o then_o subject_n be_v as_o safe_a in_o conscience_n as_o if_o the_o king_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la be_v on_o the_o throne_n for_o it_o seem_v there_o be_v his_o authority_n and_o tacit_n consent_n though_o not_o his_o person_n but_o indeed_o this_o be_v all_o mere_a trifle_n the_o king_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la have_v authority_n or_o else_o none_o of_o his_o act_n
of_o their_o and_o succeed_a time_n have_v ever_o hear_v any_o thing_n of_o dr._n brady_n annus_fw-la mirabilis_fw-la or_o 49th_o of_o henry_n 3d._n which_o be_v but_o 43_o year_n before_o the_o reign_n of_o edward_n 2._o his_o grandchild_n and_o little_a above_o 60_o year_n before_o that_o of_o edward_n his_o great_a grandson_n m._n well_o notwithstanding_o all_o this_o whosoever_o will_v reflect_v upon_o what_o the_o doctor_n have_v write_v may_v suspect_v that_o the_o judge_n nay_o parliament_n be_v very_o ignorant_a in_o the_o history_n of_o this_o nation_n 13._o or_o that_o they_o speak_v out_o of_o design_n and_o it_o be_v a_o great_a argument_n that_o the_o lawyer_n study_v and_o know_v only_o popular_a and_o lucrative_a law_n and_o not_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o nation_n before_o their_o own_o time_n and_o though_o i_o must_v confess_v what_o you_o have_v now_o say_v may_v seem_v to_o i_o to_o carry_v some_o weight_n with_o it_o yet_o since_o i_o do_v not_o easy_o change_v my_o opinion_n upon_o the_o first_o hear_v of_o a_o new_a argument_n or_o authority_n give_v leave_v better_a to_o consider_v what_o you_o have_v say_v but_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n since_o you_o have_v now_o mention_v the_o german_a diet_n pray_v sir_n before_o we_o leave_v off_o show_v i_o what_o you_o undertake_v to_o prove_v at_o the_o first_o entrance_n on_o this_o subject_a viz._n that_o in_o all_o the_o great_a council_n or_o assembly_n of_o estate_n in_o europe_n which_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o german_n and_o goth_n there_o be_v find_v representative_n for_o the_o plebeian_n or_o commons_o distinct_a from_o the_o clergy_n and_o great_a and_o lesser_a nobility_n f._n i_o ready_o agree_v to_o your_o desire_n but_o since_o my_o own_o note_n concern_v this_o matter_n be_v very_o long_o and_o that_o i_o have_v they_o not_o about_o i_o pray_v give_v i_o leave_v to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o authority_n of_o dr._n heylin_n a_o author_n you_o have_v no_o reason_n to_o look_v upon_o aâ—_n partial_a since_o he_o be_v not_o only_o remarkable_a for_o his_o great_a skill_n in_o history_n but_o also_o as_o be_v a_o great_a friend_n and_o disciple_n to_o sir_n robert_n â—ilmer_n in_o politic_n be_v a_o vehement_a assertor_n of_o absolute_a monarchy_n and_o a_o utter_a enemy_n to_o the_o power_n of_o parliament_n yet_o this_o very_a person_n in_o his_o treatise_n call_v the_o stumble_v of_o disobedience_n and_o rebellion_n etc._n etc._n print_v 1658._o in_o his_o 5_o chapter_n i_o have_v already_o quote_v for_o the_o inferior_a clergy_n be_v ancient_o a_o part_n of_o the_o great_a council_n or_o parliament_n of_o the_o kingdom_n prove_v the_o uniformity_n of_o the_o three_o estate_n to_o have_v be_v the_o same_o in_o all_o the_o christian_a kingdom_n on_o this_o side_n of_o europe_n he_o run_v through_o they_o all_o begin_v with_o germany_n which_o i_o shall_v contract_v because_o he_o there_o say_v a_o great_a many_o other_o thing_n not_o so_o material_a to_o our_o present_a purpose_n and_o first_o beginning_n as_o of_o right_n with_o the_o german_a empire_n thuanus_n give_v this_o note_n in_o general_n 2._o imperium_fw-la in_o tria_fw-la omnino_fw-la membra_fw-la dividitur_fw-la that_o the_o empire_n be_v divide_v into_o three_o estate_n over_o all_o which_o the_o emperor_n be_v the_o head_n or_o supreme_a prince_n of_o these_o the_o first_o estate_n be_v ex_fw-la sacro_fw-la ordine_fw-la of_o the_o holy_a hierarchy_n compose_v of_o the_o three_o spiritual_a elector_n together_o with_o the_o residue_n of_o the_o arch_a bishop_n and_o bishop_n and_o many_o abbot_n prior_n and_o other_o prelate_n the_o second_o be_v of_o the_o nobility_n consist_v of_o the_o three_o temporal_a elector_n the_o duke_n marquess_n lanâ—graves_n bâ—tgraves_n earl_n and_o baron_n of_o which_o there_o be_v no_o determinate_a number_n the_o emperor_n have_v power_n to_o add_v daily_o to_o they_o as_o he_o see_v occasion_n the_o three_o estate_n be_v of_o the_o free_a or_o imperial_a city_n in_o number_n sixty_o or_o thereabouts_o who_o represent_v themselves_o at_o the_o general_n diâ—ts_v by_o such_o commissioner_n or_o deputy_n as_o be_v authorize_v to_o that_o purpose_n next_o pass_v we_o over_o into_o france_n and_o there_o we_o find_v the_o subject_n marshal_v into_o three_o estate_n whereof_o the_o clergy_n be_v the_o first_o rex_fw-la coactis_fw-la tribus_fw-la ordinibas_n sacerdotio_fw-la nobilitate_fw-la plebe_n subsidia_fw-la rei_fw-la pecuniariae_fw-la petiit_fw-la so_o paulus_n aemilius_n do_v inform_v we_o out_o of_o these_o three_o be_v choose_v certain_a delegate_n or_o commissioner_n some_o for_o each_o estate_n as_o often_o as_o the_o king_n occasion_n do_v require_v their_o meeting_n the_o time_n and_o place_n whereof_o be_v absolute_o leave_v unto_o his_o dispose_n and_o these_o thus_o i_o do_v make_v up_o the_o conventus_fw-la ordinum_fw-la or_o l'_fw-mi assembly_n des_fw-fr estate_n as_o the_o french_a man_n call_v it_o in_o form_n much_o like_o the_o english_a parliament_n and_o of_o the_o meeting_n of_o these_o three_o estate_n not_o only_o this_o author_n but_o all_o the_o other_o french_a historian_n and_o in_o particular_a phil._n the_o commine_v make_v frequent_a mention_n pass_v we_o next_o over_o the_o pyrenâ—â—s_n to_o the_o realm_n of_o spain_n and_o we_o shall_v find_v in_o each_o the_o same_o three_o estate_n who_o meeting_n they_o call_v there_o by_o the_o name_n of_o curia_n 3._o the_o court_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d by_o way_n of_o eminency_n consist_v of_o the_o clergy_n the_o nobility_n and_o the_o commisioner_n of_o the_o province_n and_o most_o ancient_a city_n for_o proof_n of_o which_o we_o need_v but_o look_v into_o the_o general_n history_n of_o spain_n translate_v out_o of_o french_a by_o grimston_n and_o we_o shall_v find_v a_o court_n of_o parliament_n for_o the_o realm_n of_o arragon_n consist_v of_o the_o bishop_n nobles_z and_o deputy_n of_o town_n and_o commonalty_n have_v place_n in_o the_o say_a estate_n convene_v by_o k._n james_n at_o saragassa_n anno_fw-la 1325._o for_o settle_v the_o succession_n 14._o and_o declare_v the_o right_a heir_n also_o for_o castille_n we_o find_v a_o parliament_n of_o lord_n prelate_n and_o deputy_n of_o town_n summon_v at_o toledo_n by_o alfonso_n the_o noble_a anno_fw-la 1210._o upon_o occasion_n of_o a_o invasion_n make_v by_o the_o moor_n 10._o another_o before_o that_o at_o burgos_n under_o the_o same_o king_n anno_fw-la 1179._o for_o levy_v of_o money_n on_o the_o people_n to_o maintain_v the_o war_n also_o that_o great_a convention_n of_o the_o state_n hold_v at_o toledo_n by_o ferdinand_n the_o catholic_n 1479._o for_o swear_v to_o the_o succession_n of_o his_o son_n don_n john_n lib._n in_o which_o the_o prelate_n the_o nobility_n and_o almost_o all_o the_o town_n and_o city_n which_o send_v commissioner_n to_o the_o assemblâ—_n be_v express_o name_v thus_o final_o do_v we_o find_v a_o meeting_n of_o the_o deputy_n of_o the_o three_o estate_n of_o navarre_n at_o the_o town_n of_o tosalla_n anno_fw-la 1481._o for_o preserve_v the_o kingdom_n in_o obedience_n to_o king_n francis_n plâ—eoâ—s_v be_v then_o a_o minor_a under_o age_n 22._o and_o for_o portugal_n that_o the_o deputy_n of_o the_o clergy_n nobility_n province_n and_o good_a town_n of_o portugal_n assemble_v at_o tomaâ—a_n anno_fw-la 15â—1_n to_o acknowledge_v philip_n the_o second_o for_o their_o king_n 30._o and_o to_o settle_v the_o government_n of_o that_o kingdom_n for_o the_o time_n to_o come_v now_o let_v we_o take_v a_o view_n of_o the_o northern_a kingdom_n and_o still_o we_o find_v the_o people_n rank_v in_o the_o self_n same_o manner_n and_o their_o great_a counsel_n to_o consist_v of_o the_o clergy_n the_o nobility_n and_o certain_a deputy_n send_v from_o the_o province_n and_o city_n as_o in_o those_o before_o in_o hungary_n before_o that_o realm_n receive_v the_o gospel_n 1._o we_o read_v of_o none_o but_o nobiles_fw-la &_o plebeii_fw-la the_o nobility_n and_o common_a people_n who_o do_v concur_v to_o the_o election_n of_o their_o king_n but_o no_o soon_o be_v the_o faith_n of_o christ_n admit_v and_o a_o clergy_n institute_v but_o instant_o we_o find_v a_o three_o estate_n episcopos_fw-la &_o sacerdotum_fw-la collegia_fw-la 3._o bishop_n and_o other_o of_o the_o clergy_n super_fw-la add_v to_o they_o for_o the_o election_n of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o dispatch_n of_o other_o business_n which_o concern_v the_o public_a as_o it_o continue_v to_o this_o day_n in_o danemark_n we_o shall_v find_v the_o same_o if_o we_o mark_v it_o well_o for_o though_o pontanus_n seem_v to_o count_v upon_o five_o estate_n make_v the_o regal_a family_n to_o be_v the_o first_o 7._o and_o subdivide_v the_o commons_o into_o two_o whereof_o the_o yeomanry_n make_v one_o and_o the_o trade_n man_n or_o citizen_n the_o other_o yet_o in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o history_n we_o find_v only_o three_o which_o
of_o government_n can_v have_v any_o for_o that_o which_o be_v do_v by_o a_o person_n who_o have_v no_o authority_n can_v lay_v no_o obligation_n upon_o we_o whence_o then_o have_v he_o this_o authority_n since_o he_o have_v no_o legal_a right_n to_o the_o throne_n not_o sure_o from_o the_o presume_a consent_n of_o the_o king_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la which_o be_v nonsense_n to_o suppose_v but_o from_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o throne_n to_o which_o the_o law_n itself_o as_o well_o as_o the_o principle_n of_o reason_n have_v annex_v the_o authority_n of_o the_o government_n m._n i_o be_o so_o far_o of_o bishop_n sanderson_n opinion_n in_o his_o case_n concern_v take_v the_o engagement_n that_o when_o usurper_n or_o king_n de_fw-mi facto_fw-la have_v take_v upon_o they_o the_o government_n they_o be_v oblige_v to_o administer_v it_o for_o the_o common_a good_a and_o safety_n of_o the_o people_n and_o as_o far_o as_o that_o come_v to_o we_o be_v also_o oblige_v to_o live_v peaceable_a under_o they_o and_o to_o yield_v obedience_n to_o they_o in_o thing_n absolute_o necessary_a for_o the_o uphold_v civil_a society_n within_o the_o realm_n such_o as_o be_v the_o defence_n of_o the_o nation_n against_o foreigner_n the_o furtherance_n of_o public_a justice_n the_o maintenance_n of_o trade_n and_o commerce_n and_o the_o like_a but_o sure_a this_o be_v no_o argument_n for_o transfer_v our_o allegiance_n from_o the_o lawful_a king_n and_o his_o heir_n whilst_o they_o be_v alive_a and_o therefore_o i_o must_v still_o suppose_v that_o this_o statute_n of_o the_o 11_o of_o henry_n the_o viith_o can_v do_v no_o service_n to_o the_o present_a government_n because_o it_o be_v virtual_o repeal_v by_o several_a statute_n as_o first_o by_o the_o 28_o of_o henry_n the_o viiith_o concern_v the_o succession_n of_o the_o crown_n wherein_o it_o be_v express_o provide_v that_o if_o any_o of_o his_o child_n shall_v usurp_v upon_o each_o other_o or_o if_o any_o of_o those_o to_o who_o he_o shall_v bequeath_v the_o crown_n by_o his_o last_o will_n or_o letter_n patent_n shall_v take_v the_o crown_n in_o any_o other_o manner_n than_o what_o shall_v be_v thereby_o limit_v that_o such_o child_n or_o other_o shall_v be_v guilty_a of_o treason_n for_o so_o do_v now_o it_o be_v plain_a such_o treason_n must_v only_o have_v be_v commit_v against_o the_o right_a heir_n and_o consequent_o the_o person_n so_o take_v the_o crown_n be_v not_o to_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o king_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la it_o be_v also_o virtual_o repeal_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o 1_o o_o elizabeth_n by_o which_o we_o be_v oblige_v to_o swear_v to_o be_v true_a to_o the_o queen_n her_o heir_n and_o lawful_a successor_n i._n e._n those_o who_o have_v a_o right_n to_o the_o crown_n by_o proximity_n of_o blood_n as_o also_o by_o the_o oath_n of_o supremacy_n enact_v in_o the_o four_o of_o king_n james_n by_o which_o we_o be_v likewise_o swear_v to_o bear_v true_a allegiance_n to_o his_o majesty_n his_o heir_n and_o successor_n from_o which_o oath_n i_o argue_v first_o that_o if_o we_o be_v swear_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n to_o pay_v allegiance_n to_o the_o heir_n of_o a_o king_n de_fw-fr fure_z who_o never_o be_v in_o possession_n than_o a_o fortiori_fw-la to_o a_o king_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la who_o beside_o the_o legality_n of_o his_o title_n have_v be_v actual_o recognize_v as_o sovereign_n and_o enjoy_v a_o uncontested_a administration_n of_o the_o regal_a power_n second_o if_o our_o law_n oblige_v we_o to_o swear_v subjection_n to_o the_o heir_n etc._n etc._n of_o a_o rightful_a prince_n than_o by_o undeniable_a consequence_n we_o be_v bind_v not_o to_o translate_v our_o allegiance_n to_o those_o who_o be_v unjust_o set_v up_o by_o the_o people_n for_o without_o all_o question_n the_o word_n heir_n and_o lawful_a successor_n be_v make_v use_n of_o on_o purpose_n to_o secure_v the_o hereditary_a right_n of_o the_o monarchy_n and_o to_o prevent_v all_o usurpation_n upon_o the_o direct_a line_n and_o since_o by_o virtue_n of_o that_o statute_n which_o frame_v the_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n and_o supremacy_n we_o be_v not_o to_o acknowledge_v any_o pretend_a governor_n to_o the_o prejudice_n or_o disinherison_n of_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o king_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la then_o most_o certain_o we_o ought_v not_o to_o do_v this_o in_o opposition_n to_o the_o king_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la himself_o so_o that_o now_o we_o can_v have_v no_o pretence_n to_o make_v right_o the_o necessary_a consequence_n of_o mere_a possession_n of_o the_o crown_n any_o more_o than_o in_o private_a estate_n f._n in_o the_o first_o place_n i_o agree_v with_o you_o in_o what_o you_o have_v say_v that_o king_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la be_v to_o be_v obey_v in_o all_o thing_n tend_v to_o the_o public_a good_a of_o society_n but_o than_o it_o will_v also_o follow_v that_o allegiance_n be_v due_a to_o they_o from_o that_o great_a law_n of_o prosecute_a the_o same_o public_a good_a since_o it_o be_v much_o better_a that_o king_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la shall_v lose_v their_o right_n than_o that_o a_o nation_n shall_v be_v involve_v in_o a_o long_a and_o cruel_a war_n to_o the_o weaken_n and_o impoverish_v thereof_o and_o to_o the_o destruction_n of_o so_o many_o thousand_o of_o ordinary_a as_o well_o as_o noble_a family_n as_o be_v see_v in_o the_o long_a civil_a war_n between_o the_o family_n of_o lancaster_n and_o york_z so_o that_o i_o can_v but_o think_v it_o will_v have_v be_v much_o better_a for_o this_o nation_n if_o that_o family_n have_v continue_v to_o govern_v we_o unto_o this_o day_n rather_o than_o that_o edward_n the_o ivth_o shall_v have_v obtain_v the_o crown_n with_o so_o great_a a_o destruction_n of_o the_o people_n of_o this_o nation_n and_o so_o great_a cruelty_n as_o be_v then_o exercise_v upon_o king_n henry_n the_o vith_o and_o the_o prince_n his_o son_n as_o you_o may_v read_v in_o the_o history_n of_o those_o time_n but_o i_o come_v now_o to_o answer_v the_o rest_n of_o your_o argument_n whereby_o you_o will_v prove_v this_o statute_n of_o the_o 11_o of_o henry_n the_o viith_o to_o be_v virtual_o repeal_v and_o here_o by_o the_o way_n i_o must_v tell_v you_o gentleman_n of_o this_o opinion_n that_o i_o can_v but_o admire_v your_o wondrous_a sagacity_n in_o discover_v this_o act_n to_o be_v repeal_v when_o my_o lord_n coke_n and_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o our_o lawyer_n do_v still_o suppose_v it_o to_o be_v in_o force_n but_o indeed_o the_o reason_n you_o give_v for_o it_o be_v not_o urge_v like_o a_o common_a lawyer_n and_o therefore_o i_o think_v it_o will_v signify_v little_a for_o though_o i_o grant_v that_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n may_v be_v virtual_o repeal_v by_o a_o subsequent_a act_n yet_o it_o be_v only_o in_o such_o case_n where_o they_o be_v absolute_o contradictory_n and_o inconsistent_a with_o each_o other_o but_o if_o they_o be_v not_o so_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n can_v never_o be_v say_v to_o be_v virtual_o repeal_v and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v now_o show_v you_o that_o notwithstanding_o the_o statute_n of_o henry_n the_o viiith_o and_o the_o oath_n of_o supremacy_n and_o allegiance_n you_o have_v now_o mention_v this_o statute_n may_v very_o well_o continue_v in_o force_n and_o unrepeal_v first_o as_o to_o the_o statute_n of_o henry_n the_o eight_o whereby_o it_o be_v declare_v treason_n for_o any_o one_o of_o his_o child_n upon_o who_o the_o crown_n be_v settle_v to_o usurp_v upon_o each_o other_o yet_o that_o part_n of_o the_o statute_n which_o make_v this_o treason_n sess._n be_v repeal_v by_o the_o first_o of_o edward_n the_o the_o six_o and_o by_o the_o first_o of_o queen_n mary_n or_o admit_v it_o have_v not_o be_v so_o 12._o yet_o this_o clause_n in_o the_o statute_n of_o henry_n the_o eight_o will_v have_v be_v absolute_o void_a in_o itself_o against_o any_o such_o usurper_n when_o actual_o possess_v of_o the_o crown_n since_o it_o be_v hold_v by_o all_o the_o judge_n in_o the_o case_n of_o henry_n the_o seven_o who_o at_o the_o time_n of_o his_o come_n into_o england_n stand_v attaint_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n that_o this_o attainder_n need_v not_o be_v reverse_v since_o possession_n of_o the_o crown_n take_v away_o all_o precedent_a defect_n but_o as_o to_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o first_o of_o queen_n elizabeth_n and_o the_o four_o of_o king_n james_n by_o which_o the_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n and_o supremacy_n be_v enact_v i_o conceive_v neither_o of_o these_o oath_n can_v amount_v to_o a_o virtual_a repeal_n of_o this_o act_n for_o though_o i_o grant_v one_o end_n of_o these_o oath_n may_v be_v to_o secure_v the_o right_n of_o the_o king_n or_o queen_n heir_n by_o lineal_a descent_n yet_o it_o will_v not_o therefore_o follow_v that_o a_o king_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la