they_o at_o their_o charge_n provide_v market-place_n stall_n stand_n and_o officer_n for_o the_o accommodation_n of_o the_o market_n and_o cleanse_v they_o that_o for_o defray_v those_o charge_n they_o have_v always_o have_v divers_a reasonable_a toll_n and_o rate_n for_o stand_n and_o other_o accommodation_n that_o the_o common-council_n have_v as_o often_o as_o expedient_a always_o make_v ordinance_n for_o regulate_v those_o market_n and_o for_o assess_v and_o reduce_v to_o certainty_n reasonable_a toll_v rate_n and_o sum_n of_o money_n to_o be_v pay_v by_o the_o market-people_n for_o their_o accommodation_n that_o according_a to_o this_o custom_n they_o make_v the_o ordinance_n and_o by-law_n mr._n attorney_n in_o his_o sur-rejoinder_n have_v not_o deny_v any_o part_n of_o this_o but_o offer_v a_o traverse_n to_o that_o which_o be_v not_o where_o allege_v or_o suppose_v it_o be_v never_o pretend_v that_o the_o city_n have_v have_v time_n out_o of_o mind_n the_o very_a toll_n and_o sum_n of_o money_n for_o toll_n assess_v by_o the_o ordinance_n there_o be_v not_o a_o word_n in_o the_o rejoinder_n to_o that_o purpose_n but_o to_o the_o contrary_a viz._n that_o they_o in_o their_o rejoynder_n claim_v a_o power_n by_o ordinance_n of_o common-council_n to_o assess_v and_o set_v the_o rate_n of_o these_o toll_n and_o payment_n as_o often_o as_o and_o when_o to_o they_o shall_v seem_v expedient_a it_o be_v admit_v in_o the_o rejoinder_n that_o these_o sum_n be_v not_o time_n out_o of_o mind_n only_o they_o have_v power_n to_o set_v and_o assess_v and_o ascertain_v as_o often_o as_o expedient_a therefore_o when_o mr._n attorney_n traverse_v our_o have_a time_n out_o of_o mind_n the_o toll_n rate_n and_o sum_n of_o money_n by_o the_o ordinance_n assess_v and_o in_o certitud_n '_o reduct_v '_o this_o be_v plain_a beside_o any_o thing_n claim_v or_o pretend_v unto_o if_o he_o have_v intend_v to_o traverse_v what_o we_o have_v allege_v that_o we_o have_v have_v time_n out_o of_o mind_n divers_a reasonable_a toll_n &_o sum_n of_o money_n for_o stall_n and_o accommodation_n or_o if_o he_o will_v have_v traverse_v the_o instance_n allege_v for_o the_o common_a council_n assess_v those_o toll_n as_o often_o as_o expedient_a that_o be_v plain_a and_o easy_a to_o do_v but_o that_o he_o have_v not_o do_v he_o have_v only_o traverse_v whether_o the_o toll_v rate_n and_o sum_n of_o money_n by_o the_o ordinance_n assess_v and_o reduce_v into_o certainty_n have_v be_v time_n out_o of_o mind_n this_o be_v the_o proper_a sense_n of_o his_o traverse_n but_o if_o doubtful_a in_o its_o sense_n his_o traverse_n be_v naught_o for_o that_o cause_n for_o dubious_a word_n can_v make_v no_o issue_n for_o the_o jury_n to_o try_v else_o man_n shall_v be_v trick_v and_o ensnare_v by_o doubtful_a word_n to_o pervert_v right_a so_o that_o if_o the_o matter_n allege_v in_o the_o record_n be_v sufficient_a in_o law_n to_o justify_v the_o make_v this_o ordinance_n or_o by-law_n then_o what_o be_v do_v therein_o by_o the_o act_n of_o common-council_n be_v lawful_o and_o rightful_o do_v and_o no_o forfeiture_n i_o do_v agree_v that_o for_o a_o lord_n of_o a_o market_n to_o prescribe_v to_o have_v a_o toll_n uncertain_a and_o as_o often_o as_o expedient_a to_o ascertain_v it_o be_v no_o good_a prescription_n but_o that_o be_v not_o our_o case_n i_o do_v distinguish_v betwixt_o that_o and_o this_o case_n where_o there_o be_v by_o custom_n confirm_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n for_o i_o shall_v show_v that_o they_o be_v act_n of_o parliament_n notwithstanding_o what_o have_v be_v object_v against_o they_o a_o power_n and_o authority_n vest_v in_o the_o lord_n mayor_n aldermen_z and_o common-council_n to_o regulate_v and_o order_v the_o people_n trade_n and_o market_n in_o the_o city_n and_o the_o place_n and_o conveniency_n and_o officer_n from_o time_n to_o time_n and_o consequent_o to_o regulate_v and_o ascertain_v the_o toll_n or_o rate_n to_o be_v pay_v by_o the_o market-people_n to_o prevent_v extortion_n and_o disorder_n that_o such_o custom_n be_v legal_a the_o chamberlain_n of_o london_n be_v case_n a_o ordinance_n that_o no_o broadcloth_n shall_v be_v sell_v in_o the_o city_n before_o it_o be_v bring_v to_o blackwell-hall_n to_o be_v search_v 69._o rep._n 5._o 69._o and_o a_o penny_n for_o every_o cloth_n to_o be_v pay_v for_o hallage_n under_o pain_n for_o forfeit_v 6_o s._n 8_o d._n a_o cloth_n to_o be_v recover_v in_o the_o city_n court_v though_o object_v that_o this_o be_v a_o imposition_n of_o payment_n of_o money_n upon_o the_o king_n subject_n yet_o adjudge_v good_a and_o a_o procedendo_fw-la grant_v a_o ordinance_n that_o no_o unfreeman_n shall_v use_v a_o trade_n in_o london_n adjudge_v good_a 1._o city_n of_o london_n case_n rep._n 8._o fol._n 1._o a_o multitude_n of_o ordinance_n they_o have_v for_o regulate_v all_o manner_n of_o trade_n and_o of_o rate_n and_o prize_n and_o as_o much_o reason_n there_o be_v to_o object_n against_o they_o as_o this_o ordinance_n or_o the_o custom_n in_o this_o case_n but_o the_o city_n of_o london_n have_v a_o government_n and_o power_n of_o make_v ordinance_n for_o govern_v and_o regulate_v trade_n buy_v and_o sell_v within_o the_o city_n place_v in_o the_o common-council_n and_o confirm_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o therefore_o not_o like_o the_o case_n of_o any_o private_a lord_n of_o a_o market_n but_o it_o be_v true_a their_o ordinance_n must_v not_o be_v unreasonable_a the_o payment_n that_o be_v impose_v by_o this_o ordinance_n be_v only_o impose_v upon_o those_o that_o be_v under_o shelter_n it_o be_v reason_n a_o recompense_n shall_v be_v pay_v and_o there_o be_v no_o unreasonableness_n or_o injustice_n appear_v in_o the_o ordinance_n but_o a_o reasonable_a recompense_n but_o the_o custom_n or_o power_n of_o the_o common-council_n be_v not_o deny_v as_o i_o take_v it_o for_o they_o have_v not_o deny_v the_o power_n to_o regulate_v and_o ascertain_v the_o toll_n or_o sum_n of_o money_n allege_v to_o be_v in_o the_o 5common-council_n if_o they_o have_v that_o must_v have_v be_v try_v nor_o have_v they_o deny_v the_o rate_n set_v to_o be_v reasonable_a so_o that_o i_o think_v as_o to_o this_o matter_n we_o have_v well_o entitle_v ourselves_o and_o justify_v our_o make_v our_o by-law_n and_o take_v the_o toll_v or_o rate_n thereby_o appoint_v and_o nothing_o in_o the_o surrejoinder_n against_o we_o to_o the_o contrary_n object_v but_o for_o confirm_v and_o make_v good_a our_o custom_n in_o the_o plea_n there_o be_v three_o act_n of_o parliament_n plead_v 1._o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la 2._o stat._n 1._o e._n 3._o 3._o stat._n 7._o r._n 2._o the_o king_n council_n have_v not_o deny_v magna_fw-la charta_fw-la to_o be_v a_o statute_n but_o have_v deny_v the_o other_o two_o to_o be_v statute_n or_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o the_o reason_n give_v by_o they_o be_v obj._n 1_o because_o not_o in_o print_n nor_o roll_n of_o it_o to_o be_v find_v or_o because_o no_o body_n know_v where_o to_o find_v it_o resp_n 1._o private_a act_n of_o parliament_n do_v not_o use_v to_o be_v print_v few_o be_v 2._o no_o roll_n to_o be_v find_v suppose_v there_o be_v not_o do_v this_o after_o so_o long_a a_o time_n conclude_v there_o be_v none_o such_o especial_o since_o mr._n solicitor_n be_v please_v to_o acknowledge_v that_o there_o be_v no_o parliament_n roll_v of_o e._n 3._o till_o 4_o e._n 3._o it_o be_v true_a that_o almost_o all_o the_o parliament_n roll_v of_o h._n 3._o e._n 1._o e._n 2._o and_o till_o 4_o e._n 3._o be_v almost_o all_o lose_v but_o beside_o in_o those_o day_n public_a act_n be_v not_o only_o enter_v upon_o the_o parliament_n roll_n but_o from_o thence_o transcribe_v and_o send_v under_o the_o great_a seal_n to_o be_v publish_v by_o the_o sheriff_n of_o the_o county_n in_o the_o city_n and_o borough_n and_o also_o by_o writ_n to_o the_o court_n in_o westminster-hall_n to_o be_v there_o enter_v and_o record_v of_o which_o there_o be_v many_o find_v especial_o in_o the_o exchequer_n and_o hence_o come_v the_o rule_n in_o law_n that_o judge_n ex_fw-la officio_fw-la be_v bind_v to_o take_v notice_n of_o general_a act_n of_o parliament_n but_o for_o private_a act_n they_o be_v put_v under_o the_o great_a seal_n and_o the_o party_n interest_v have_v the_o same_o to_o produce_v but_o that_o these_o in_o this_o case_n shall_v be_v question_v to_o be_v act_n be_v strange_a but_o to_o prove_v they_o act_n first_o 1._o as_o to_o the_o act_n 1_o e._n 3._o 1._o we_o have_v plead_v it_o under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o king_n e._n 3._o that_o make_v it_o with_o a_o profert_fw-la hic_fw-la in_o cur_n '_o and_o show_v it_o with_o our_o plea_n as_o we_o ought_v and_o this_o be_v evidence_n sufficient_a of_o itself_o
or_o be_v land_n good_n and_o all_o this_o can_v be_v agreeable_a to_o any_o rule_n or_o reason_n of_o our_o law_n and_o therefore_o i_o take_v it_o it_o can_v be_v the_o law_n the_o next_o thing_n be_v the_o mischief_n and_o inconvenience_n 2._o the_o mischief_n and_o inconvenience_n that_o must_v attend_v this_o doctrine_n or_o law_n of_o forfeit_v and_o surrender_v if_o the_o law_n be_v so_o 1._o first_o let_v we_o consider_v whether_o this_o at_o one_o stroke_n do_v not_o make_v all_o the_o corporation_n in_o england_n of_o all_o sort_n forfeit_v at_o once_o and_o perhaps_o many_o year_n since_o be_v there_o any_o corporation_n in_o england_n that_o have_v not_o offend_v or_o transgress_v all_o manner_n of_o corporation_n fall_v under_o this_o rule_n if_o they_o have_v transgress_v or_o do_v any_o such_o act_n as_o make_v a_o forfeiture_n as_o every_o miscarriage_n for_o any_o thing_n i_o can_v see_v to_o the_o contrary_a do_v whether_o the_o corporation_n be_v ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la dissolve_v by_o the_o offence_n commit_v or_o else_o by_o the_o judgement_n which_o must_v relate_v to_o the_o offence_n to_o avoid_v all_o mean_a act_n do_v by_o the_o corporation_n all_o that_o they_o have_v do_v since_o such_o miscarriage_n they_o have_v do_v without_o right_n and_o all_o that_o they_o think_v they_o have_v a_o title_n to_o as_o a_o corporation_n they_o be_v mistake_v in_o they_o have_v none_o perhaps_o if_o a_o parliament_n shall_v be_v call_v those_o forfeit_a corporation_n can_v lawful_o send_v no_o burgess_n i_o do_v not_o know_v whether_o i_o be_o mistake_v or_o not_o i_o only_o offer_v this_o to_o consideration_n among_o other_o as_o give_v i_o leave_v to_o venture_v a_o little_a far_o upon_o these_o consideration_n of_o surrenders_n and_o forfeiture_n of_o corporation_n can_v a_o bishop_n dean_n and_o chapter_n prebendary_a parson_n etc._n etc._n surrender_v his_o corporation_n or_o body_n politic_a if_o they_o can_v most_o of_o they_o perhaps_o be_v of_o the_o foundation_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o have_v their_o land_n from_o thence_o we_o have_v many_o statute_n make_v to_o restrain_v their_o alienation_n those_o of_o queen_n elizabeth_n do_v not_o extend_v to_o hinder_v their_o alienation_n to_o the_o crown_n but_o perhaps_o out_o of_o hope_n of_o preferment_n they_o alien_v to_o the_o crown_n till_o the_o statute_n of_o 1_o jacobi_n cap._n 3._o take_v away_o that_o power_n also_o of_o convey_v to_o the_o crown_n can_v these_o forfeit_v the_o corporation_n perhaps_o we_o be_v sinner_n all_o or_o at_o least_o as_o the_o balance_n at_o some_o time_n or_o other_o may_v be_v hold_v may_v be_v find_v too_o light_a we_o be_v upon_o a_o point_n that_o go_v to_o posterity_n fear_n and_o favour_n what_o may_v it_o do_v and_o what_o may_v it_o not_o do_v if_o they_o may_v surrender_v a_o forfeit_n what_o effect_n may_v this_o have_v upon_o the_o whole_a ecclesiastical_a estate_n if_o this_o have_v be_v know_v in_o the_o day_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o perhaps_o there_o will_v have_v be_v no_o great_a need_n of_o act_n of_o parliament_n to_o make_v he_o head_n of_o the_o church_n or_o to_o have_v dissolve_v the_o monastery_n suppose_v that_o college_n hospital_n and_o other_o corporation_n found_v for_o charity_n can_v surrender_v or_o forfeit_v the_o present_a master_n and_o fellow_n and_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o donor_n may_v truck_v what_o effect_n may_v this_o have_v upon_o they_o what_o way_n may_v they_o find_v out_o also_o city_n and_o borough_n what_o division_n and_o contention_n have_v it_o already_o produce_v some_o for_o surrender_v other_o for_o defend_v what_o animosity_n be_v about_o it_o the_o end_n of_o the_o law_n be_v to_o preserve_v peace_n and_o quiet_n division_n and_o dissension_n frequent_o end_v in_o the_o destruction_n of_o both_o party_n the_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n be_v i_o think_v three_o part_n of_o four_o of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o it_o be_v considerable_a what_o effect_n this_o may_v have_v in_o parliament_n our_o law_n and_o posterity_n perhaps_o not_o a_o little_a concern_v herein_o and_o if_o so_o sure_o this_o be_v a_o great_a case_n but_o if_o only_a the_o city_n of_o london_n give_v i_o leave_v to_o see_v what_o the_o ill_a consequence_n and_o mischief_n will_v be_v argument_n from_o mischief_n and_o inconvenience_n be_v forcible_a argument_n in_o law_n 60._o inst_z 1._o 11._o 60._o so_o say_v littleton_n and_o my_o lord_n cook_n upon_o littleton_n and_o man_n must_v be_v desperate_a and_o sensual_a that_o despise_v future_a mischief_n and_o inconvenience_n and_o many_o other_o place_n there_o cite_v first_o all_o their_o land_n will_v be_v go_v and_o revert_v to_o the_o donor_n and_o their_o heir_n by_o dissolution_n of_o corporation_n all_o their_o privilege_n be_v go_v 190._o jones_n 190._o and_o their_o land_n revert_v to_o their_o donor_n b._n f._n n._n b._n 33._o k._n inst_z 1._o 13._o b._n or_o lord_n of_o who_o they_o be_v hold_v second_o all_o their_o market_n toll_n and_o duty_n that_o they_o claim_v by_o prescription_n whereby_o the_o government_n and_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o city_n the_o public_a hall_n gate_n prison_n bridge_n and_o other_o edifice_n be_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n maintain_v three_o all_o the_o debt_n owe_v to_o the_o city_n and_o all_o their_o personal_a estate_n by_o the_o death_n or_o dissolution_n of_o the_o corporation_n will_v be_v go_v but_o who_o shall_v have_v they_o perhaps_o non_fw-la difinitur_fw-la in_o jure_fw-la four_o all_o the_o liberty_n and_o customary_a privilege_n that_o the_o freeman_n of_o the_o city_n their_o wife_n and_o child_n claim_v viz._n to_o have_v customary_a share_n in_o their_o husband_n or_o father_n estate_n to_o be_v exempt_a from_o toll_n in_o other_o town_n port_n and_o market_n to_o exclude_v foreigner_n and_o vnfreeman_n from_o use_v their_o trade_n in_o london_n and_o many_o other_o five_o all_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n that_o give_v particular_a power_n and_o authority_n to_o the_o lord_n mayor_n and_o alderman_n or_o common_a council_n or_o corporation_n respect_v either_o the_o government_n or_o justice_n of_o the_o city_n as_o about_o minister_n and_o payment_n of_o their_o due_n building_n pave_v of_o strat_n sewer_n insurance_n office_n and_o many_o other_o six_o what_o shall_v become_v of_o the_o orphan_n and_o all_o the_o money_n and_o debt_n the_o city_n owe_v and_o all_o the_o charity_n in_o the_o city_n we_o have_v see_v the_o city_n burn_v and_o may_v remember_v what_o a_o swarm_n be_v unhive_v thereby_o but_o we_o never_o yet_o see_v it_o dissolve_v nor_o be_v the_o consequence_n measurable_a and_o though_o it_o please_v his_o majesty_n upon_o the_o dissolution_n of_o this_o to_o grant_v a_o new_a charter_n yet_o it_o will_v be_v impossible_a any_o of_o these_o thing_n can_v be_v preserve_v their_o land_n estate_n debt_n privilege_n custom_n be_v all_o personal_a and_o annex_v to_o the_o corporation_n and_o must_v live_v and_o die_v with_o it_o the_o say_v act_n of_o parliament_n be_v all_o fix_v to_o this_o corporation_n and_o so_o be_v the_o charity_n and_o can_v as_o i_o conceive_v be_v ever_o transfer_v to_o any_o other_o to_o be_v new_o create_v a_o new_a corporation_n can_v be_v in_o no_o succession_n or_o privity_n with_o the_o old_a if_o a_o body_n politic_a be_v once_o dissolve_v though_o a_o new_a one_o be_v found_v of_o the_o same_o name_n b_o inst_z 1._o 102._o b_o that_o can_v have_v no_o succession_n to_o the_o old_a nor_o come_v in_o privity_n to_o it_o therefore_o be_v it_o that_o in_o the_o deau_n and_o chapter_n of_o norwich_n case_n and_o in_o fulcher_n and_o heyward_n case_n the_o preservation_n of_o the_o old_a corporation_n be_v insist_v on_o if_o every_o abuser_n commit_v by_o a_o corporation_n be_v a_o forfeiture_n determination_n or_o dissolution_n be_v there_o any_o one_o in_o england_n not_o forfeit_v and_o dissolve_v abuse_n be_v a_o word_n of_o wonderful_a large_a sense_n when_o the_o law_n speak_v of_o a_o franchise_n abuse_v or_o misuse_v it_o be_v applicable_a to_o a_o particular_a franchise_n as_o to_o a_o market_n court_n or_o the_o like_a and_o if_o that_o franchise_n be_v misuse_v or_o abuse_v in_o oppression_n or_o misuse_n contrary_a to_o the_o end_n of_o it_o some_o certainty_n there_o be_v in_o it_o but_o the_o abuse_n of_o a_o corporation_n extend_v to_o all_o its_o act_n and_o all_o estate_n of_o the_o corporation_n and_o all_o the_o privilege_n of_o all_o the_o particular_a person_n and_o all_o that_o be_v concern_v in_o they_o be_v sufferer_n for_o every_o abuse_n or_o misuse_v or_o mis-act_n or_o trespass_n how_o small_a soever_o who_o can_v tell_v in_o the_o action_n of_o a_o person_n what_o may_v be_v take_v to_o be_v ill_a or_o illegal_o do_v or_o a_o abuse_n who_o will_v trust_v a_o
replevy_v to_o they_o the_o office_n of_o mayor_n usque_fw-la quindenam_fw-la sancti_fw-la martini_n and_o also_o recite_v which_o office_n be_v seize_v into_o the_o king_n hand_n by_o the_o justice_n of_o eyre_n in_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n and_o he_o be_v willing_a to_o continue_v it_o long_o to_o they_o ex_fw-la gratia_fw-la speciali_fw-la he_o do_v grant_v they_o the_o say_a office_n quamdiu_fw-la etc._n etc._n then_o the_o second_o part_n of_o pat_n '_o roll_v in_o 20_o e._n 2._o it_o be_v recite_v that_o the_o king_n have_v seize_v the_o office_n of_o the_o mayoralty_n and_o have_v replevied_a it_o from_o time_n to_o time_n and_o that_o one_o hamond_n de_fw-fr chigwell_n be_v make_v mayor_n the_o king_n have_v except_v of_o he_o for_o mayor_n et_fw-la rex_fw-la volens_fw-la eye_n gratiam_fw-la uberiorem_fw-la facere_fw-la grant_v he_o the_o office_n of_o mayor_n now_o my_o lord_n these_o seizure_n show_v plain_o that_o the_o franchise_n of_o the_o city_n be_v forfeitable_a for_o either_o they_o be_v seize_v upon_o matter_n of_o record_n find_v for_o a_o forfeiture_n or_o else_o upon_o some_o matter_n which_o be_v to_o be_v a_o ground_n of_o a_o forfeiture_n so_o then_o they_o be_v absolute_o go_v and_o i_o do_v not_o find_v that_o these_o be_v ever_o take_v out_o of_o the_o king_n hand_n by_o process_n of_o law_n but_o be_v restore_v by_o grace_n and_o favour_n for_o till_o the_o 20_o e._n 2._o it_o appear_v that_o they_o so_o long_o continue_v in_o the_o king_n hand_n and_o he_o absolute_o dispose_v of_o they_o here_o be_v now_o a_o favour_n to_o they_o and_o a_o plenary_a restitution_n thus_o it_o stand_v in_o the_o reign_v of_o e._n 1._o and_o e._n 2._o now_o the_o next_o thing_n will_v be_v for_o their_o act_n of_o 1_o e._n 3._o which_o they_o back_o with_o my_o lord_n coke_n observation_n upon_o it_o that_o it_o be_v authoritate_fw-la parliamenti_fw-la now_o true_o my_o lord_n there_o be_v no_o such_o act_n of_o parliament_n that_o be_v any_o where_o extant_a for_o it_o be_v not_o in_o print_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o parliament_n roll_v of_o e._n 3_n time_n till_o 4_o e._n 3._o and_o he_o that_o cite_v it_o my_o lord_n coke_n himself_o cite_v no_o roll_n at_o all_o for_o it_o so_o that_o where_o we_o shall_v find_v this_o act_n of_o parliament_n true_o i_o do_v not_o know_v but_o this_o act_n at_o best_a amount_n to_o no_o more_o than_o that_o for_o any_o personal_a trespass_n of_o officer_n the_o liberty_n of_o the_o city_n shall_v not_o be_v seize_v but_o that_o signify_v nothing_o for_o that_o be_v not_o our_o case_n there_o be_v act_n of_o the_o corporation_n not_o of_o particular_a officer_n though_o i_o can_v but_o observe_v how_o the_o law_n be_v take_v to_o be_v at_o that_o time_n before_o this_o their_o pretend_a act_n even_o for_o the_o offence_n of_o private_a officer_n and_o that_o appear_v to_o be_v the_o law_n too_o in_o the_o case_n of_o 9_o e._n 1._o which_o i_o cite_v before_o which_o be_v only_o the_o offence_n of_o the_o mayor_n of_o sandwich_n who_o refuse_v to_o answer_v for_o a_o trespass_n and_o a_o rescue_n be_v commit_v and_o the_o whole_a liberty_n seize_v now_o this_o act_n of_o 1_o e._n 3._o be_v it_o what_o it_o will_v though_o they_o will_v take_v it_o in_o that_o sense_n that_o no_o forfeiture_n shall_v be_v incur_v for_o the_o trespass_n of_o a_o officer_n yet_o i_o find_v quite_o the_o contrary_a thereunto_o and_o that_o it_o have_v not_o prevail_v even_o in_o that_o sense_n for_o 5_o e._n 3._o rot_n clau_n 14._o there_o the_o king_n do_v discharge_v one_o from_o the_o office_n of_o mayor_n and_o command_v the_o alderman_n and_o commonalty_n to_o choose_v another_o now_o this_o my_o lord_n i_o take_v to_o be_v not_o so_o much_o a_o punish_n of_o the_o officer_n as_o a_o break_n in_o upon_o the_o franchise_n itself_o but_o i_o shall_v show_v more_o full_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o r._n 2._o that_o this_o be_v do_v yet_o i_o will_v first_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o r._n 2._o which_o be_v the_o next_o thing_n that_o they_o rely_v upon_o and_o this_o with_o submission_n be_v no_o act_n of_o parliament_n neither_o for_o though_o my_o lord_n coke_n in_o his_o four_o inst_z 205._o say_v this_o be_v the_o statute_n mention_v in_o our_o book_n which_o support_v the_o custom_n in_o london_n to_o devise_v in_o mortmain_n and_o other_o custom_n against_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o cite_v authority_n in_o the_o margin_n yet_o my_o lord_n i_o have_v look_v and_o can_v find_v none_o of_o they_o to_o speak_v to_o the_o purpose_n for_o which_o they_o be_v cite_v but_o the_o book_n of_o 7_o h._n 6._o fol._n 1._o where_o the_o custom_n of_o london_n to_o devise_v in_o mortmain_n be_v in_o question_n and_o there_o it_o be_v rule_v a_o good_a custom_n because_o of_o the_o statute_n that_o confirm_v it_o after_o the_o statute_n of_o mortmain_n but_o say_v that_o book_n quere_z the_o statute_n to_o that_o they_o be_v not_o well_o apprize_v of_o the_o statute_n in_o those_o day_n though_o this_o be_v the_o foundation_n of_o all_o the_o resolution_n of_o that_o kind_n it_o appear_v by_o the_o roll_n that_o it_o be_v no_o act_n of_o parliament_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o it_o for_o its_o 7_o r._n 2._o n._n 37._o it_o be_v a_o prayer_n of_o the_o commons_o that_o there_o may_v be_v a_o patent_n grant_v to_o the_o city_n confirm_v their_o liberty_n licet_fw-la usi_fw-la vel_fw-la abusi_fw-la fuerint_fw-la and_o the_o answer_n be_v le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr le_fw-fr veult_n but_o this_o be_v no_o act_n of_o parliament_n it_o be_v no_o more_o than_o a_o confirmation_n of_o the_o letter_n paâ—ents_n which_o have_v be_v primo_fw-la r._n 2._o beside_o further_o there_o never_o be_v any_o patent_n grant_v in_o pursuance_n of_o this_o act_n and_o yet_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o if_o it_o have_v be_v to_o it_o will_v only_o have_v extend_v to_o forfeiture_n that_o be_v pass_v but_o can_v never_o amount_v to_o a_o dispensation_n or_o licence_n for_o the_o future_a and_o my_o lord_n this_o appear_v by_o these_o authority_n and_o record_n that_o i_o shall_v now_o cite_v the_o 1_o part_n of_o pat._n roll_n 16_o r._n 2._o membrano_n 36_o 37._o whereby_o it_o full_o appear_v that_o notwithstanding_o these_o pretend_a statute_n there_o be_v no_o such_o privilege_n in_o the_o city_n but_o that_o for_o the_o offence_n of_o their_o officer_n or_o themselves_o the_o franchise_n shall_v be_v seize_v but_o my_o lord_n i_o must_v a_o little_a observe_v that_o true_o the_o city_n have_v attempt_v to_o raise_v themselves_o above_o the_o fear_n of_o any_o judgement_n in_o any_o of_o the_o king_n court_n for_o in_o primo_fw-la r._n 2._o parl._n roll_n 126._o there_o they_o petition_v for_o a_o confirmation_n of_o their_o charter_n with_o a_o clause_n of_o licet_fw-la non_fw-la usi_fw-la vel_fw-la abusi_fw-la which_o be_v that_o they_o then_o will_v have_v to_o be_v do_v in_o parliament_n for_o they_o but_o they_o do_v likewise_o desire_v in_o their_o petition_n that_o notwithstanding_o any_o statute_n privilege_n charter_n judgement_n make_v or_o to_o be_v make_v to_o the_o contrary_a their_o liberty_n may_v be_v confirm_v of_o this_o it_o be_v say_v the_o king_n will_v advise_v there_o be_v in_o 1_o r._n 2._o parliament_n roll_v 121._o as_o pleasant_a a_o petition_n as_o the_o other_o they_o there_o do_v desire_n that_o the_o interpretation_n of_o their_o charter_n may_v be_v leave_v to_o themselves_o and_o where_o it_o be_v doubt_v such_o meaning_n as_o they_o shall_v put_v upon_o it_o shall_v be_v allowable_a but_o to_o that_o the_o king_n answer_n be_v that_o he_o will_v make_v the_o interpretation_n of_o his_o own_o charter_n according_a as_o his_o counsel_n shall_v advise_v so_o that_o i_o observe_v they_o will_v feign_v have_v be_v absolute_a but_o they_o can_v never_o do_v it_o it_o have_v always_o be_v deny_v they_o so_o that_o from_o what_o be_v do_v at_o this_o time_n and_o after_o 7_o r._n 2._o it_o do_v appear_v plain_o that_o there_o be_v no_o difference_n between_o the_o city_n of_o london_n and_o any_o other_o corporation_n only_o this_o be_v real_o the_o great_a but_o as_o all_o greatness_n be_v the_o king_n favour_n so_o when_o man_n forget_v their_o duty_n in_o abuse_v the_o king_n favour_n this_o great_a court_n be_v the_o place_n to_o put_v they_o in_o mind_n of_o it_o i_o come_v then_o to_o the_o three_o question_n iii_o whether_o the_o act_n of_o the_o mayor_n aldermen_z and_o commonalty_n in_o common_a council_n assemble_v be_v a_o act_n of_o the_o corporation_n so_o as_o to_o make_v a_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o whole_a and_o with_o submission_n my_o lord_n that_o will_v be_v pretty_a clear_a too_o upon_o these_o reason_n 1._o first_o
if_o the_o same_o produce_v under_o the_o great_a seal_n put_v to_o it_o when_o make_v be_v not_o sufficient_a evidence_n to_o satisfy_v what_o can_v be_v 62._o trin._n 1._o e._n 3._o r._n 61_o 62._o 2._o but_o in_o this_o case_n it_o be_v enroll_v upon_o record_n also_o inter_fw-la placita_fw-la corone_n penes_fw-la camerarios_fw-la in_o scaccario_fw-la it_o be_v enroll_v there_o obj._n but_o perhaps_o it_o may_v be_v object_v also_o that_o this_o be_v no_o act_n of_o parliament_n but_o only_o a_o grant_n or_o patent_n in_o parliament_n because_o it_o be_v that_o the_o king_n de_fw-fr assensu_fw-la prelator_n '_o comitu_fw-la '_o baron_fw-fr '_o ac_fw-la totius_fw-la communitat_fw-la '_o regni_fw-la in_fw-la praesenti_fw-la parliamento_fw-la resp_n that_o act_n of_o parliament_n observe_v not_o any_o certain_a form_n 103._o jones_n 103._o in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o earldom_n of_o oxford_n express_v that_o there_o be_v variety_n in_o pen_v act_n of_o parliament_n in_o ancient_a time_n dominus_fw-la rex_fw-la per_fw-la consilium_fw-la fidelium_fw-la subditor_n '_o suor_n '_o statuit_fw-la and_o other_o form_n there_o be_v yet_o good_a acts._n but_o that_o they_o be_v ancient_o in_o form_n of_o patent_n or_o grant_n in_o parliament_n magna_fw-la charta_fw-la c._n 1._o be_v in_o form_n of_o a_o charter_n or_o grant_n the_o form_n of_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 11_o e._n 3._o for_o create_v the_o prince_n prince_n of_o wales_n begins_z edwardus_fw-la dei_fw-la gratia_fw-la etc._n etc._n in_o form_n of_o patent_n 8._o prince_n case_n r._n 8._o fol._n 8._o and_o be_v de_fw-fr communi_fw-la assensu_fw-la &_o consilio_fw-la prelator_n '_o comitu_fw-la '_o baron_fw-fr '_o &_o aliorum_fw-la de_fw-la consilio_fw-la nostro_fw-la in_o presenti_fw-la parliamento_fw-la and_o adjudge_v a_o good_a act_n of_o parliament_n and_o the_o authority_n and_o reason_n to_o prove_v it_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n be_v fol._n 18_o 19_o 20._o so_o full_a that_o it_o may_v be_v think_v that_o this_o objection_n will_v never_o have_v be_v make_v and_o that_o this_o be_v in_o the_o same_o form_n that_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o act_n of_o this_o very_a parliament_n of_o the_o 1_o e._n 3._o be_v 17._o membr_n the_o 17._o appear_v by_o the_o patent_n roll_v of_o the_o same_o parliament_n a_o charter_n grant_v by_o the_o king_n de_fw-fr assensu_fw-la prelator_n '_o comitu_fw-la '_o baron_fw-fr '_o communit_v '_o regni_n in_o parliamento_fw-la apud_fw-la westm_n '_o to_o enable_v the_o city_n to_o apprehend_v felon_n in_o southwark_n a_o act_n in_o the_o same_o form_n for_o the_o annul_v the_o conviction_n of_o treason_n that_o be_v against_o roger_n mortimer_n in_o the_o time_n of_o e._n 2._o m._n rot._n claus_n 1_o e._n 3._o m._n a_o exemplification_n then_o enter_v of_o a_o act_n make_v in_o the_o same_o form_n in_o the_o same_o parliament_n 17._o rot._n pat._n 2_o e._n 3._o p._n s._n 1._o m._n 17._o for_o the_o annul_v the_o attainder_n of_o thomas_n earl_n of_o lancaster_n attaint_v tempore_fw-la e._n 2._o divers_a other_o act_n of_o parliament_n in_o the_o same_o form_n make_v 1_o e_o 3_o 639._o rot._n pat._n 2_o e._n 3._o p._n s._n 2._o m._n 11._o inst_z 2._o 527._o 639._o for_o annul_v divers_a other_o attainder_n that_o be_v tempore_fw-la e._n 2._o so_o that_o as_o to_o this_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1_o e._n 3._o i_o think_v the_o objection_n be_v answer_v and_o that_o it_o be_v a_o act_n as_o plead_v and_o as_o to_o the_o other_o act_n 7_o r._n 2._o that_o that_o be_v no_o act_n of_o parliament_n only_o a_o prayer_n of_o the_o commons_o that_o there_o may_v be_v a_o patent_n grant_v to_o the_o city_n confirm_v their_o liberty_n licet_fw-la usi_fw-la vel_fw-la abusi_fw-la fuerint_fw-la and_o the_o answer_n be_v le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr le_fw-fr vieult_n and_o object_n for_o reason_n against_o that_o be_v a_o act_n of_o parliament_n obj._n 1_o it_o want_v the_o assent_n of_o the_o lord_n 2._o it_o be_v only_o a_o prayer_n of_o the_o commons_o to_o have_v their_o liberty_n confirm_v and_o the_o king_n answer_n le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr le_fw-fr vieult_n but_o nothing_o do_v to_o confirm_v it_o resp_n 1._o as_o to_o the_o first_o objection_n suppose_v it_o true_a that_o there_o be_v no_o mention_n make_v of_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o lord_n yet_o the_o act_n be_v a_o good_a act._n 1._o it_o appear_v to_o be_v in_o parliament_n ad_fw-la instantiam_fw-la &_o requisitionem_fw-la communitat_fw-la '_o regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la in_o presenti_fw-la parliamento_fw-la 2._o the_o answer_n in_o parliament_n that_o be_v give_v by_o the_o king_n to_o the_o make_v all_o law_n be_v give_v to_o this_o le_v roy_n le_fw-fr vieult_n 3._o and_o next_o it_o be_v admit_v to_o be_v upon_o the_o parliament_n roll_n 7_o r._n 2._o num._n 27._o i_o have_v before_o say_v that_o act_n of_o parliament_n be_v not_o in_o any_o certain_a form_n sometime_o enter_v as_o charter_n or_o grant_n sometime_o as_o article_n sometime_o and_o frequent_o as_o petition_n the_o book_n i_o have_v already_o cite_v prove_v it_o but_o according_a to_o the_o course_n of_o parliament_n let_v it_o be_v in_o what_o form_n it_o will_v let_v it_o begin_v in_o which_o house_n it_o will_v yet_o it_o must_v go_v through_o both_o the_o house_n of_o parliament_n before_o it_o can_v come_v to_o the_o king_n for_o his_o royal_a assent_n if_o either_o house_n reject_v or_o refuse_v there_o it_o end_v it_o come_v not_o to_o the_o king_n nor_o be_v the_o royal_a assent_n in_o these_o great_a operative_a word_n le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr le_fw-fr vielut_fw-la in_o parliament_n give_v to_o any_o thing_n but_o what_o the_o whole_a parliament_n have_v assent_v and_o agree_v unto_o so_o that_o this_o be_v a_o objection_n ground_v upon_o a_o reason_n contrary_a to_o all_o the_o course_n of_o parliament_n which_o show_v that_o the_o lord_n assent_n be_v to_o it_o though_o not_o mention_v selden_n mare_n claus_n 249._o give_v a_o full_a resolution_n herein_o certissimum_fw-la est_fw-la say_v he_o that_o according_a to_o custom_n no_o answer_n be_v give_v either_o by_o the_o king_n or_o in_o the_o king_n name_n to_o any_o parliamentary_a bill_n before_o that_o the_o bill_n whether_o it_o be_v bring_v in_o first_o by_o the_o lord_n or_o by_o the_o commons_o have_v pass_v both_o house_n as_o it_o be_v know_v to_o all_o that_o be_v verse_v in_o the_o affair_n and_o record_n of_o parliament_n and_o in_o the_o prince_n case_n before_o cite_v there_o the_o act_n be_v say_v to_o be_v de_fw-fr assensu_fw-la &_o consil_n '_o of_o the_o lord_n but_o do_v not_o name_v the_o commons_o and_o this_o answer_v the_o other_o reason_n also_o viz._n that_o it_o shall_v only_o be_v a_o prayer_n and_o petition_n also_o to_o have_v a_o charter_n of_o confirmation_n grant_v for_o since_o the_o form_n be_v in_o manner_n of_o petition_n since_o the_o royal_a assent_n or_o word_n le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr le_fw-fr vieult_n be_v never_o put_v to_o any_o bill_n in_o parliament_n but_o such_o as_o be_v thereby_o make_v and_o pass_v into_o law_n the_o give_v the_o royal_a assent_n be_v sufficient_a in_o this_o case_n to_o prove_v it_o a_o law_n but_o for_o far_a evidence_n 1._o we_o have_v it_o under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o king_n r._n 2._o thus_o pen_v ad_fw-la instantiam_fw-la &_o requisitionem_fw-la communit_n '_o regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la angl_n '_o in_o presenti_fw-la parliamento_fw-la nostro_fw-la pro_fw-la majori_fw-la quiete_n &_o pace_n inter_fw-la legeos_n nostros_fw-la focendis_fw-la &_o pro_fw-la bono_fw-mi publico_fw-la de_fw-la assensu_fw-la prelatorum_fw-la dominor_fw-la '_o procerum_fw-la &_o magnat_fw-la '_o nobis_fw-la in_fw-la eodem_fw-la parliamento_fw-la assistentium_fw-la etc._n etc._n so_o that_o hereby_o it_o be_v full_o prove_v and_o show_v that_o though_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o lord_n be_v not_o mention_v in_o the_o copy_n yet_o that_o it_o be_v have_v and_o under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o r._n 2._o it_o so_o appear_v we_o have_v also_o in_o our_o book_n of_o the_o act_n of_o that_o time_n in_o the_o city_n b_o lib._n h._n f._n 169._o ah_o &_o b_o the_o proclamation_n make_v upon_o the_o first_o promulge_v this_o act_n in_o the_o time_n of_o sir_n nicholas_n brembre_n lord_n mayor_n and_o therein_o it_o be_v also_o enter_v in_o the_o same_o word_n as_o before_o under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o r._n 2._o de_fw-la assensu_fw-la prelator_n '_o etc._n etc._n next_o our_o book_n and_o continual_a practice_n ever_o since_o it_o be_v true_a that_o in_o the_o 7_o h._n 6._o fol._n 1._o when_o it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o custom_n of_o london_n be_v confirm_v by_o statute_n quaere_fw-la what_o statute_n but_o it_o be_v not_o there_o make_v a_o quaere_fw-la whether_o this_o be_v a_o statute_n instit_fw-la 4._o 250._o rep._n 5._o 63._o rep._n 8._o 162._o all_o say_v that_o the_o custom_n of_o london_n be_v confirm_v by_o parliament_n 7_o
r._n 2._o justice_n jones_n 283._o have_v it_o verbatim_o out_o of_o the_o parliament_n roll._n the_o constant_a course_n of_o plead_v the_o custom_n of_o london_n be_v to_o plead_v a_o confirmation_n of_o they_o by_o this_o act_n of_o parliament_n so_o that_o as_o to_o this_o point_n there_o be_v not_o any_o one_o book_n or_o opinion_n before_o this_o day_n in_o favour_n of_o what_o be_v affirm_v that_o these_o be_v not_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o our_o plea_n stand_v good_a in_o law_n and_o the_o ordinance_n and_o by-law_n and_o custom_n good_a and_o then_o no_o forfeiture_n thereby_o 3._o but_o suppose_v and_o admit_v that_o this_o by-law_n be_v the_o act_n of_o the_o corporation_n be_v not_o good_a and_o sufficient_a in_o law_n nor_o in_o law_n justifiable_a quid_fw-la sequitur_fw-la then_o it_o be_v void_a in_o law_n then_o if_o it_o be_v void_a in_o law_n how_o can_v it_o make_v a_o forfeiture_n suppose_v a_o lessee_n for_o year_n or_o for_o life_n make_v a_o feoffment_n but_o it_o be_v not_o due_o execute_v for_o want_n of_o livery_n and_o seisin_n by_o which_o it_o be_v void_a in_o law_n can_v this_o make_v a_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o lessee_n suppose_v a_o corporation_n tenant_n pur_fw-mi auter_n vie_fw-fr make_v a_o feoffment_n which_o be_v void_a for_o want_v of_o livery_n due_o make_v will_v this_o forfeit_v their_o estate_n a_o void_a act_n shall_v not_o destroy_v or_o forfeit_v a_o precedent_a estate_n a_o parson_n that_o have_v a_o former_a benefice_n accept_v a_o second_o benefice_n incompatible_a b._n dy._n 377._o b._n be_v institute_v and_o induct_v but_o do_v not_o read_v the_o the_o article_n his_o first_o benefice_n be_v not_o forfeit_a or_o void_a hereby_o because_o by_o the_o statute_n the_o not_o read_v his_o article_n have_v make_v his_o institution_n and_o induction_n void_a so_o that_o then_o whether_o this_o by-law_n or_o ordinance_n be_v good_a or_o void_a in_o law_n perhaps_o be_v not_o much_o material_a it_o can_v make_v any_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o corporation_n it_o can_v have_v no_o such_o effect_n for_o if_o it_o be_v a_o good_a and_o lawful_a by-law_n no_o forfeiture_n can_v be_v for_o do_v a_o good_a and_o lawful_a act._n if_o the_o ordinance_n be_v not_o warrantable_a by_o law_n than_o it_o be_v void_a in_o law_n if_o void_a in_o law_n a_o void_a act_n can_v make_v no_o forfeiture_n obj._n but_o you_o receive_v and_o exact_v from_o the_o king_n subject_n sum_n of_o money_n by_o this_o ordinance_n resp_n suppose_v we_o do_v and_o that_o we_o have_v no_o right_a to_o have_v this_o money_n if_o a_o officer_n by_o colour_n of_o his_o office_n receive_v more_o than_o be_v due_a it_o be_v extortion_n and_o a_o crime_n punishable_a but_o if_o a_o person_n that_o be_v no_o officer_n take_v money_n that_o be_v not_o due_a or_o more_o than_o be_v his_o due_n the_o party_n injure_v have_v their_o remedy_n by_o action_n but_o this_o be_v no_o crime_n for_o which_o any_o forfeiture_n or_o penalty_n be_v incur_v by_o the_o person_n that_o so_o take_v or_o receive_v the_o money_n suppose_v a_o lord_n of_o a_o manor_n exact_a or_o take_v great_a fine_n or_o sum_n of_o money_n from_o his_o copyholder_n or_o tenant_n than_o he_o ought_v they_o have_v their_o remedy_n by_o action_n against_o those_o that_o receive_v so_o if_o a_o corporation_n receive_v or_o take_v money_n suppose_v to_o be_v due_a but_o in_o truth_n be_v not_o how_o can_v this_o forfeit_n any_o thing_n obj._n but_o you_o take_v upon_o you_o a_o power_n and_o authority_n to_o tax_v the_o king_n people_n and_o to_o take_v and_o receive_v the_o money_n so_o tax_v resp_n this_o be_v but_o the_o same_o thing_n only_o put_v into_o great_a word_n it_o be_v still_o but_o the_o make_n of_o a_o unlawful_a by-law_n and_o thereby_o appoint_v money_n to_o be_v pay_v which_o ought_v not_o or_o more_o than_o shall_v be_v and_o the_o turn_n of_o it_o or_o express_v it_o in_o stately_a word_n of_o take_v upon_o you_o or_o usurp_a authority_n to_o impose_v upon_o and_o tax_v the_o king_n people_n whosoever_o do_v any_o act_n or_o thing_n he_o take_v upon_o he_o and_o do_v also_o execute_v the_o power_n and_o authority_n of_o do_v that_o act_n or_o thing_n which_o be_v comprehend_v in_o the_o thing_n do_v the_o make_v a_o by-law_n or_o ordinance_n whereby_o more_o be_v order_v to_o be_v pay_v than_o aught_o or_o money_n appoint_v to_o be_v pay_v where_o none_o be_v due_a be_v still_o all_o the_o fact_n and_o thing_n do_v and_o if_o that_o make_v no_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o corporation_n or_o crime_n punishable_a by_o indictment_n or_o information_n except_o only_o as_o the_o statute_n 19_o h._n 7._o c._n 7._o which_o i_o shall_v hereafter_o mention_v have_v appoint_v for_o forfeiture_n of_o 40_o s._n the_o take_n or_o usurp_v the_o power_n to_o do_v it_o can_v be_v more_o or_o effect_v more_o than_o the_o do_v the_o thing_n which_o comprehend_v it_o 2._o as_o to_o the_o other_o cause_n allege_v in_o the_o replication_n for_o forfeiture_n the_o petition_n print_v and_o publish_v it_o in_o the_o replication_n it_o be_v allege_v that_o a_o parliament_n the_o 10_o of_o january_n be_v prorogue_v to_o the_o 20_o of_o january_n that_o the_o 13_o of_o january_n the_o mayor_n commonalty_n and_o citizen_n of_o london_n in_o their_o common_a council_n assemble_v malitiose_fw-la advisate_n &_o seditiose_fw-la take_v upon_o they_o add_v judicand_v '_o &_o censand_n '_o the_o king_n and_o the_o prorogation_n of_o the_o parliament_n by_o the_o king_n so_o make_v and_o that_o the_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o citizen_n of_o london_n so_o in_o the_o say_v common_a council_n assemble_v do_v give_v their_o vote_n and_o order_n that_o a_o petition_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o mayor_n aldermen_z and_o commons_o of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n in_o common_a council_n assemble_v shall_v be_v exhibit_v to_o the_o king_n in_o which_o petition_n it_o be_v contain_v that_o by_o that_o prorogation_n the_o prosecution_n of_o the_o public_a justice_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o make_v necessary_a provision_n for_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o protestant_a subject_n have_v receive_v interruption_n and_o that_o the_o mayor_n commonalty_n and_o citizen_n of_o london_n in_o common_a council_n as_o aforesaid_a assemble_v do_v malicious_o and_o seditious_o to_o the_o intent_n the_o same_o shall_v be_v disperse_v among_o the_o king_n subject_n and_o to_o cause_v a_o opinion_n that_o the_o king_n obstruct_v the_o public_a justice_n and_o to_o stir_v up_o hatred_n and_o dislike_n against_o the_o king_n person_n and_o government_n do_v order_v the_o say_a petition_n to_o be_v print_v and_o afterward_o they_o do_v print_v it_o and_o cause_v it_o to_o be_v publish_v the_o defendant_n in_o their_o rejoinder_n to_o this_o breach_n set_v forth_o and_o alleadg_n petition_n rejoinder_n as_o to_o the_o petition_n that_o there_o be_v a_o plot_n against_o the_o life_n of_o the_o king_n the_o government_n and_o the_o protestant_a religion_n and_o set_v forth_o all_o the_o proceed_n upon_o it_o the_o attainder_n and_o impeachment_n of_o the_o lord_n in_o the_o tower_n in_o parliament_n depend_v the_o proclamation_n declare_v the_o danger_n by_o this_o plot_n that_o they_o can_v not_o otherwise_o in_o (null)_o reason_n be_v prevent_v but_o by_o the_o blessing_n of_o god_n upon_o the_o consultation_n and_o endeavour_n of_o that_o great_a council_n the_o parliament_n and_o command_v a_o general_n fast_o to_o be_v keep_v in_o london_n the_o 22d_o of_o december_n and_o that_o it_o be_v keep_v according_o the_o proceed_n in_o the_o parliament_n towards_o the_o trial_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o prepare_v bill_n to_o be_v enact_v into_o law_n for_o preservation_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o subject_n against_o these_o plot_n and_o cospiracy_n that_o divers_a of_o the_o citizen_n loyal_a subject_n be_v much_o affright_v and_o trouble_v in_o their_o mind_n with_o the_o apprehension_n of_o these_o danger_n do_v exhibit_v their_o petition_n to_o sir_n patience_n ward_n than_o lord_n mayor_n and_o the_o alderman_n and_o commons_o in_o common_a council_n then_o assemble_v contain_v their_o fear_n and_o apprehension_n and_o expectation_n from_o the_o king_n and_o that_o parliament_n do_v petition_n that_o the_o common_a council_n will_v petition_v for_o the_o sit_v of_o that_o parliament_n at_o the_o time_n prorogue_v and_o thereupon_o the_o mayor_n and_o alderman_n name_v they_o and_o commons_o in_o common_a council_n assemble_v from_o their_o heart_n true_o loyal_a to_o the_o king_n and_o for_o the_o satisfaction_n of_o the_o citizen_n who_o have_v exhibit_v that_o petition_n and_o of_o intent_n to_o preserve_v the_o person_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o government_n do_v give_v their_o vote_n and_o order_v a_o petition_n
the_o time_n be_v and_o of_o certain_a freeman_n not_o exceed_v 250_o annual_o elect_v to_o serve_v as_o common_a council-man_n and_o be_v call_v the_o commons_o of_o the_o city_n that_o time_n out_o of_o mind_n there_o have_v be_v a_o custom_n that_o the_o mayor_n aldermen_z and_o such_o citizen_n so_o elect_v to_o be_v of_o the_o common_a council_n according_a to_o custom_n have_v be_v accustom_v to_o make_v by-law_n and_o ordinance_n for_o the_o better_a regulation_n of_o the_o public_a market_n for_o appoint_v time_n and_o place_n and_o assess_v and_o reduce_v into_o certainty_n reasonable_a toll_v rate_n and_o sum_n of_o money_n payable_a for_o stall_n and_o stand_n in_o the_o market_n for_o any_o thing_n appear_v upon_o the_o record_n this_o be_v all_o they_o have_v power_n to_o do_v non_fw-la constat_fw-la to_o the_o court_n that_o they_o have_v any_o other_o power_n or_o authority_n over_o land_n estate_n or_o any_o thing_n else_o next_o if_o this_o which_o in_o the_o rejoinder_n be_v allege_v of_o the_o be_v and_o power_n be_v true_a and_o so_o admit_v than_o what_o they_o do_v in_o make_v the_o ordinance_n be_v do_v by_o good_a and_o lawful_a power_n and_o authority_n and_o then_o can_v be_v no_o offence_n but_o if_o to_o make_v the_o ordinance_n be_v a_o offence_n and_o a_o unlawful_a act_n you_o deny_v the_o custom_n to_o be_v good_a and_o say_v the_o custom_n be_v void_a and_o against_o law_n and_o for_o that_o reason_n the_o ordinance_n illegal_a then_o non_fw-la constat_fw-la that_o they_o have_v any_o power_n at_o all_o to_o do_v any_o thing_n and_o then_o a_o common_a council_n to_o advise_v without_o power_n to_o do_v any_o act_n and_o if_o so_o how_o can_v a_o parcel_n or_o part_n of_o a_o corporation_n not_o authorise_v to_o do_v any_o act_n do_v a_o act_n that_o shall_v forfeit_v suppose_v a_o particular_a company_n as_o the_o mercer_n have_v do_v this_o can_v this_o be_v a_o forfeiture_n but_o if_o to_o avoid_v this_o you_o will_v say_v that_o the_o court_n shall_v take_v notice_n of_o the_o common_a council_n of_o london_n to_o have_v the_o management_n of_o the_o business_n of_o the_o corporation_n belong_v to_o they_o this_o i_o think_v the_o court_n can_v do_v and_o i_o can_v see_v how_o possible_o they_o can_v as_o a_o court_n judicial_o take_v notice_n hereof_o suppose_v our_o question_n have_v be_v concern_v another_o corporation_n can_v the_o court_n then_o as_o a_o court_n judicial_o have_v take_v notice_n of_o the_o power_n or_o authority_n of_o their_o common_a council_n mr._n solicitor_n in_o his_o argument_n hold_v that_o there_o be_v no_o difference_n betwixt_o london_n and_o another_o corporation_n except_o that_o london_n be_v the_o big_a then_o put_v the_o case_n of_o any_o other_o corporation_n can_v the_o court_n judicial_o have_v take_v notice_n of_o their_o power_n or_o interest_n without_o have_v it_o special_o set_v forth_o be_v it_o possible_a the_o court_n can_v since_o they_o differ_v one_o from_o the_o other_o as_o much_o as_o their_o charter_n or_o constitution_n do_v differ_v of_o which_o there_o be_v hardly_o to_o be_v find_v two_o in_o england_n that_o do_v agree_v in_o their_o power_n if_o it_o have_v be_v of_o another_o corporation_n of_o necessity_n the_o constitution_n of_o the_o common_a council_n must_v have_v be_v set_v forth_o if_o you_o be_v upon_o a_o by-law_n make_v by_o any_o other_o than_o the_o body_n politic_a itself_o must_v not_o the_o power_n and_o authority_n of_o those_o that_o make_v it_o be_v show_v and_o set_v forth_o in_o plead_v in_o any_o case_n where_o there_o be_v occasion_n to_o use_v it_o how_o otherwise_o can_v the_o court_n judge_n or_o determine_v of_o it_o so_o that_o take_v the_o law_n to_o be_v as_o the_o other_o side_n say_v that_o london_n differ_v not_o from_o any_o other_o corporation_n it_o be_v not_o where_o allege_v in_o the_o plead_v that_o they_o have_v power_n to_o make_v by-law_n for_o the_o order_n and_o govern_v the_o city_n or_o that_o they_o can_v bind_v all_o the_o corporation_n in_o sale_n or_o disposition_n of_o their_o land_n or_o have_v the_o power_n of_o the_o common_a seal_n therefore_o when_o the_o king_n counsel_n argue_v from_o these_o power_n their_o power_n of_o forfeit_v they_o argue_v quite_o out_o of_o the_o record_n they_o have_v not_o where_o allege_v or_o plead_v what_o they_o be_v or_o what_o power_n they_o have_v as_o they_o shall_v have_v do_v if_o they_o have_v so_o intend_v so_o as_o to_o this_o particular_a here_o be_v nothing_o before_o the_o court_n nothing_o upon_o record_n to_o show_v how_o or_o which_o way_n the_o body_n politic_a shall_v be_v concern_v in_o these_o act_n of_o about_o two_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o of_o their_o member_n call_v the_o common_a council_n wheresoever_o any_o by-law_n or_o ordinance_n be_v plead_v the_o power_n to_o make_v these_o by-law_n or_o ordinance_n be_v plead_v and_o so_o be_v all_o particular_a and_o derive_v authority_n whenever_o occasion_n to_o plead_v they_o and_o necessary_a they_o shall_v be_v so_o for_o it_o be_v fact_n that_o the_o other_o side_n may_v and_o aught_o to_o be_v at_o liberty_n to_o deny_v it_o if_o he_o see_v cause_n and_o therefore_o if_o they_o will_v have_v it_o that_o the_o common_a council_n have_v abuse_v some_o power_n or_o authority_n they_o have_v thereby_o to_o forfeit_v the_o corporation_n they_o ought_v to_o have_v show_v it_o to_o say_v that_o notice_n shall_v be_v take_v or_o it_o shall_v be_v intend_v or_o presume_v be_v in_o truth_n a_o presumption_n upon_o the_o court_n as_o if_o the_o court_n shall_v take_v notice_n of_o intent_n or_o presume_v what_o the_o king_n counsel_n will_v have_v which_o the_o court_n can_v nor_o will_v do_v more_o in_o this_o than_o in_o other_o case_n but_o suppose_v the_o court_n will_v take_v more_o notice_n of_o london_n than_o any_o other_o corporation_n and_o will_v take_v notice_n of_o the_o common_a council_n there_o and_o of_o their_o power_n and_o authority_n and_o i_o will_v suppose_v as_o the_o other_o side_n do_v that_o they_o have_v the_o power_n of_o make_v by-law_n of_o lease_v grant_v and_o manage_v the_o city_n land_n and_o revenue_n and_o of_o seal_v with_o the_o common_a seal_n and_o that_o this_o they_o have_v by_o custom_n then_o sure_o say_v the_o other_o side_n they_o have_v the_o power_n of_o surrender_v and_o forfeit_v the_o corporation_n if_o i_o shall_v answer_v sure_o and_o without_o doubt_n they_o have_v not_o this_o will_v not_o argue_v they_o have_v not_o but_o the_o argument_n shall_v come_v of_o the_o other_o side_n to_o prove_v they_o have_v they_o have_v not_o nor_o can_v produce_v any_o case_n or_o opinion_n to_o prove_v it_o and_o the_o very_a thought_n that_o they_o can_v be_v so_o new_a that_o i_o believe_v none_o can_v be_v find_v like_o it_o but_o let_v we_o consider_v the_o nature_n of_o this_o thing_n a_o little_a par_fw-fr ticular_o though_o general_a discourse_n be_v most_o easy_a and_o florid-yet_a perhaps_o a_o particular_a enquiry_n may_v best_o discover_v admit_v that_o they_o have_v the_o power_n the_o other_o side_n say_v they_o have_v yet_o they_o be_v not_o the_o corporation_n but_o a_o part_n constitute_v for_o these_o particular_n end_n and_o purpose_n for_o which_o they_o be_v impower_v corporation_n have_v their_o creation_n by_o charter_n that_o give_v they_o their_o be_v and_o the_o form_n method_n and_o power_n of_o action_n suppose_v that_o the_o first_o charter_n of_o incorporation_n that_o be_v grant_v to_o london_n do_v grant_v that_o the_o citizen_n shall_v be_v incorporate_a and_o a_o body_n politic_a by_o the_o name_n of_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o citizen_n that_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o mayor_n so_o many_o alderman_n and_o so_o many_o of_o the_o citizen_n annual_o elect_v that_o shall_v be_v a_o common_a council_n and_o that_o they_o shall_v have_v power_n to_o make_v by-law_n to_o demise_n or_o grant_v their_o land_n under_o the_o common_a seal_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o corporation_n if_o they_o do_v any_o act_n not_o within_o their_o commission_n be_v not_o that_o void_a suppose_v a_o grant_v make_v to_o the_o common_a council_n will_v not_o that_o be_v void_a suppose_v a_o grant_v make_v by_o the_o common_a council_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o common_a council_n under_o seal_n or_o in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o corporation_n but_o not_o under_o common_a seal_n be_v not_o all_o this_o void_a this_o i_o only_o instance_n to_o show_v that_o their_o charter_n and_o authority_n be_v their_o power_n and_o warrant_n they_o be_v to_o act_v by_o do_v ever_o any_o man_n hear_v of_o or_o see_v a_o charter_n give_v the_o common_a council_n power_n to_o surrender_v the_o corporation_n or_o be_v it_o ever_o think_v of_o before_o
these_o day_n if_o then_o no_o such_o power_n by_o the_o charter_n give_v if_o they_o can_v do_v it_o without_o power_n give_v they_o show_v i_o their_o power_n or_o else_o i_o think_v i_o may_v conclude_v sure_a they_o can_v surrender_v the_o corporation_n without_o power_n but_o the_o common_a council_n in_o london_n that_o be_v by_o custom_n and_o their_o power_n be_v by_o custom_n then_o if_o the_o question_n be_v what_o be_v their_o power_n it_o be_v answer_v what_o they_o have_v use_v and_o accustom_v to_o do_v that_o they_o may_v do_v what_o they_o have_v not_o use_v or_o accustom_v to_o do_v that_o they_o can_v do_v for_o if_o custom_n and_o usage_n be_v the_o authority_n that_o authority_n can_v go_v no_o far_o than_o their_o custom_n and_o usage_n go_v then_o put_v the_o question_n have_v the_o common_a council_n use_v to_o surrender_v or_o forfeit_v the_o charter_n no_o body_n can_v say_v it_o what_o reason_n then_o be_v there_o for_o any_o man_n to_o say_v they_o can_v do_v it_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o the_o common_a council_n in_o london_n have_v first_o their_o institution_n from_o some_o by-law_n or_o ordinance_n though_o now_o not_o to_o be_v produce_v but_o consume_v by_o time_n but_o be_v it_o that_o or_o any_o other_o imagine_a commencement_n can_v it_o be_v imagine_v that_o those_o that_o give_v they_o their_o original_a authority_n give_v they_o power_n to_o surrender_v the_o corporation_n or_o forfeit_v it_o suppose_v that_o the_o power_n give_v they_o do_v authorise_v they_o not_o only_o to_o make_v by-law_n and_o ordinance_n for_o the_o good_a order_n and_o government_n of_o the_o corporation_n to_o grant_v or_o demise_n their_o land_n and_o revenue_n but_o have_v some_o general_a word_n in_o it_o to_o act_v and_o manage_v the_o matter_n of_o the_o corporation_n be_v it_o not_o against_o all_o sense_n to_o suppose_v that_o that_o which_o be_v depute_v and_o constitute_v for_o the_o well-ordering_a and_o manage_v of_o the_o corporation_n shall_v have_v power_n to_o surrender_v it_o then_o as_o the_o counsel_n of_o the_o other_o side_n argue_v that_o because_o they_o may_v surrender_v they_o may_v forfeit_v by_o the_o same_o reason_n i_o hope_v i_o may_v argue_v if_o they_o can_v surrender_v or_o dispose_v of_o the_o corporation_n they_o can_v forfeit_v next_o those_o act_n of_o the_o common_a council_n be_v not_o do_v neither_o in_o the_o name_n nor_o as_o the_o act_n of_o the_o corporation_n nor_o under_o any_o seal_n but_o do_v import_n in_o themselves_o only_o to_o be_v the_o act_n of_o the_o common_a council_n the_o ordinance_n that_o be_v make_v by_o the_o mayor_n aldermen_z and_o commons_o in_o common_a council_n assemble_v the_o petition_n be_v the_o petition_n of_o the_o lord_n mayor_n aldermen_z and_o commons_o in_o council_n assemble_v their_o lease_n or_o grant_n be_v in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o corporation_n and_o under_o the_o common_a seal_n and_o the_o common_a council_n only_o ministerial_a to_o the_o corporation_n in_o order_v manage_v and_o dispose_v all_o for_o the_o benefit_n and_o advantage_n of_o the_o corporation_n to_o avoid_v the_o inconveniency_n of_o assemble_v the_o numerous_a body_n but_o that_o any_o thing_n that_o have_v but_o a_o ministerial_a power_n for_o the_o service_n and_o benefit_n of_o their_o principal_n shall_v have_v power_n to_o dispose_v of_o self_z convey_v or_o surrender_v and_o destroy_v their_o principal_n be_v no_o consequence_n in_o law_n or_o reason_n no_o deputy-assistant_n or_o bailiff_n have_v such_o power_n if_o he_o excee_v his_o authority_n his_o act_n be_v void_a be_v it_o not_o so_o with_o all_o authority_n and_o derive_v power_n what_o they_o do_v beyond_o their_o authority_n can_v bind_v those_o from_o who_o they_o derive_v it_o it_o can_v be_v the_o act_n of_o the_o corporation_n for_o a_o corporation_n can_v make_v a_o petition_n no_o more_o than_o they_o can_v make_v a_o deed_n or_o subscribe_v a_o write_n except_o under_o the_o common_a seal_n corporation_n can_v make_v a_o lease_n at_o will_n 39_o 12_o h._n 7._o 25_o 26._o 9_o e._n 4._o 39_o licence_n a_o man_n to_o enter_v upon_o their_o land_n or_o do_v any_o like_a act_n but_o under_o their_o common_a seal_n nor_o can_v they_o commit_v a_o trespass_n or_o disseisin_n but_o by_o command_n precedent_n or_o assent_v subsequent_a under_o their_o common_a seal_n how_o then_o can_v this_o be_v their_o act_n there_o be_v nothing_o in_o it_o that_o import_v it_o shall_v be_v they_o nor_o ever_o intend_v to_o be_v they_o it_o be_v not_o do_v by_o they_o nor_o in_o their_o name_n but_o by_o the_o common_a council_n and_o in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o common_a council_n if_o we_o may_v take_v notice_n of_o what_o be_v out_o of_o the_o record_n we_o know_v that_o they_o have_v in_o london_n a_o great_a assembly_n than_o the_o common_a council_n viz._n the_o common_a hall_n wherein_o the_o common_a council_n be_v no_o more_o than_o other_o can_v the_o petition_n of_o the_o mayor_n or_o mayor_n and_o alderman_n in_o their_o name_n be_v take_v to_o be_v the_o act_n of_o the_o corporation_n if_o that_o can_v be_v why_o shall_v the_o petition_n of_o the_o common_a council_n in_o their_o own_o name_n be_v any_o other_o than_o their_o own_o petition_n as_o their_o ordinance_n and_o by-law_n they_o and_o not_o the_o corporation_n the_o case_n of_o corporation_n take_v notice_n of_o their_o power_n as_o common_a council_n 4.77_o rep._n 4.77_o to_o exclude_v the_o commonalty_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o corporation_n 5._o 13_o c._n 2._o cap._n 5._o the_o act_n allow_v the_o common_a council_n order_v petition_n but_o where_o be_v it_o to_o be_v find_v that_o it_o be_v ever_o say_v or_o think_v on_o before_o that_o they_o can_v forfeit_v or_o dissolve_v the_o corporation_n 4._o but_o suppose_v all_o that_o i_o have_v say_v against_o i_o and_o suppopose_v the_o act_n of_o the_o common_a council_n to_o be_v the_o act_n of_o the_o corporation_n and_o suppose_v those_o act_n viz._n the_o make_v the_o ordinance_n and_o petition_v not_o justifiable_a or_o excusable_a then_o the_o great_a point_n will_v be_v whether_o they_o or_o either_o of_o they_o be_v such_o miscarriage_n or_o offence_n in_o law_n for_o which_o the_o charter_n that_o be_v the_o very_o be_v of_o the_o corporation_n shall_v be_v forfeit_a this_o i_o call_v the_o great_a point_n for_o i_o think_v it_o to_o be_v as_o great_a in_o consequence_n as_o ever_o any_o at_o this_o bar_n as_o if_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la be_v at_o stake_n for_o in_o my_o apprehension_n not_o only_a london_n but_o all_o the_o corporation_n of_o england_n and_o the_o government_n of_o england_n will_v be_v deep_o concern_v in_o the_o question_n for_o let_v we_o but_o consider_v what_o a_o vast_a part_n of_o england_n be_v concern_v in_o the_o corporation_n of_o england_n 1._o ecclesiastical_a or_o mix_v as_o archbishop_n bishop_n dean_n and_o chapter_n parson_n vicar_n university_n college_n hospital_n of_o all_o sort_n 2._o all_o the_o city_n and_o considerable_a town_n and_o borough_n in_o england_n 3._o the_o very_a frame_n of_o our_o government_n be_v concern_v for_o one_o of_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o kingdom_n viz._n the_o commons_o in_o parliament_n consist_v of_o knight_n citizen_n and_o burgess_n the_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n be_v usual_o choose_v by_o they_o that_o be_v free_a of_o the_o respective_a city_n and_o corporation_n and_o where_o not_o choose_v by_o they_o yet_o the_o election_n be_v general_o under_o their_o power_n and_o influence_n and_o the_o return_v make_v by_o they_o perhaps_o also_o a_o peerage_n be_v a_o sort_n of_o corporation_n perhaps_o the_o world_n itself_o at_o least_o this_o little_a world_n will_v no_o long_o be_v able_a to_o subsist_v in_o health_n than_o the_o due_a order_n and_o just_a temperament_n of_o the_o several_a part_n and_o power_n therein_o be_v preserve_v and_o contain_v themselves_o within_o their_o own_o bound_n the_o take_v away_o or_o enfeeble_v any_o principal_a part_n bring_v a_o lameness_n and_o deformity_n pain_n and_o disorder_n upon_o and_o at_o length_n confound_v the_o whole_a the_o law_n answer_v their_o end_n whereof_o the_o principal_a be_v the_o preservation_n of_o the_o government_n which_o preserve_v the_o law_n they_o can_v subsist_v one_o without_o the_o other_o therefore_o whatsoever_o it_o be_v that_o tend_v to_o the_o subversion_n or_o leave_v at_o will_n and_o pleasure_n that_o which_o be_v so_o considerable_a in_o our_o government_n as_o corporation_n be_v aught_o to_o be_v thorough_o consider_v the_o better_a to_o examine_v and_o consider_v this_o great_a point_n in_o the_o first_o place_n the_o reason_n give_v on_o the_o other_o side_n be_v object_n 1._o that_o if_o corporation_n be_v not_o forfeitable_a for_o their_o miscarriage_n they_o will_v attempt_v and_o do_v
to_o execute_v those_o office_n and_o to_o answer_v the_o king_n the_o profit_n hereby_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o course_n be_v not_o to_o forfeit_v or_o dissolve_v the_o corporation_n they_o never_o be_v so_o unreasonable_a for_o hereby_o all_o their_o land_n and_o good_n and_o all_o the_o debt_n owe_v by_o they_o or_o to_o they_o will_v all_o be_v lose_v all_o they_o do_v be_v they_o put_v in_o officer_n to_o preserve_v the_o corporation_n so_o that_o i_o think_v there_o be_v nothing_o more_o plain_a that_o though_o the_o liberty_n be_v seize_v and_o that_o officer_n custos_fw-la or_o mayor_n be_v put_v upon_o they_o yet_o the_o corporation_n or_o body_n politic_a or_o their_o liberty_n be_v not_o forfeit_n or_o determine_v if_o they_o have_v be_v either_o forfeit_v or_o determine_v can_v the_o writ_n of_o restitution_n have_v set_v they_o up_o again_o the_o old_a can_v never_o be_v restore_v or_o set_v up_o again_o but_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n they_o may_v have_v have_v new_a charter_n and_o have_v be_v make_v new_a corporation_n but_o the_o old_a can_v never_o have_v be_v restore_v if_o once_o forfeit_v as_o now_o imagine_v so_o that_o the_o point_n betwixt_o we_o be_v whether_o the_o record_n of_o e._n 1._o e._n 2._o and_o r._n 2._o of_o forfeiture_n and_o seizure_n of_o liberty_n suppose_v the_o cause_n or_o offence_n for_o which_o they_o be_v seize_v be_v very_o great_a and_o provoke_a as_o in_o all_o probability_n they_o be_v do_v prove_v that_o thereby_o the_o corporation_n be_v forfeit_a dissolve_v or_o determine_v it_o appear_v they_o be_v not_o forfeit_n you_o can_v never_o avoid_v it_o if_o abuse_v the_o franchise_n or_o liberty_n of_o be_v a_o corporation_n be_v a_o forfeiture_n as_o you_o affirm_v and_o that_o they_o be_v seize_v for_o be_v forfeit_n then_o the_o offence_n that_o be_v commit_v by_o these_o corporation_n in_o those_o prince_n time_n be_v forfeiture_n and_o consequent_o the_o seizure_n dissolve_v the_o corporation_n they_o can_v not_o forfeit_v and_o lose_v their_o corporation_n and_o yet_o keep_v they_o and_o that_o they_o still_o have_v their_o be_v be_v most_o evident_a by_o the_o record_n of_o those_o time_n show_v that_o they_o act_v and_o enjoy_v their_o corporation_n under_o those_o seizure_n only_o a_o custos_fw-la instead_o of_o a_o mayor_n all_o other_o thing_n the_o same_o that_o they_o have_v in_o all_o age_n ever_o since_o be_v allow_v to_o be_v corporation_n by_o prescription_n never_o deny_v or_o question_v that_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n immediate_o follow_v confirm_v their_o privilege_n never_o question_v their_o have_v they_o never_o any_o thought_n of_o make_v void_a any_o forfeiture_n by_o these_o act_n or_o any_o new_a grant_n but_o always_o plead_v by_o prescription_n these_o thing_n plain_o show_v that_o the_o offence_n commit_v in_o those_o time_n do_v not_o forfeit_v the_o corporation_n and_o all_o that_o dark_a authority_n they_o have_v out_o of_o those_o record_n be_v direct_o against_o they_o prove_v only_o that_o these_o abuse_n give_v only_o cause_v of_o seizure_n of_o some_o office_n but_o no_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o corporation_n that_o still_o continue_a have_v thus_o answer_v those_o old_a record_n and_o show_v that_o they_o be_v of_o authority_n for_o i_o against_o they_o and_o since_o it_o have_v be_v stir_v in_o this_o case_n whether_o a_o corporation_n or_o body_n politic_a be_v surrenderable_a or_o not_o and_o insist_v upon_o by_o the_o other_o side_n that_o it_o be_v and_o from_o thence_o a_o argument_n draw_v to_o prove_v that_o if_o surrenderable_a it_o be_v forfeitable_a whether_o it_o be_v surrenderable_a or_o not_o perhaps_o be_v also_o doubtful_a that_o i_o think_v a_o man_n can_v argue_v from_o it_o any_o thing_n first_o i_o be_o sure_a there_o be_v no_o great_a reason_n why_o it_o shall_v be_v for_o since_o that_o man_n that_o be_v of_o the_o corporation_n take_v upon_o their_o come_n to_o be_v free_a a_o oath_n to_o preserve_v the_o right_n liberty_n and_o privilege_n of_o it_o and_o since_o the_o active_a member_n be_v entrust_v for_o all_o the_o other_o member_n that_o elect_v and_o choose_v they_o and_o also_o for_o their_o successor_n i_o can_v see_v how_o a_o man_n can_v satisfy_v himself_o in_o so_o do_v 98._o rep._n 11._o 98._o sr._n james_n baggs_n case_n they_o forfeit_v their_o freedom_n by_o do_v contrary_a to_o their_o oath_n and_o trust_n if_o every_o freeman_n by_o his_o oath_n and_o trust_n be_v oblige_v to_o seek_v the_o benefit_n of_o the_o corporation_n to_o surrender_v be_v against_o the_o oath_n the_o law_n seem_v to_o have_v a_o care_n of_o preserve_a corporation_n and_o therefore_o provide_v that_o the_o take_v any_o new_a charter_n though_o there_o be_v many_o alteration_n in_o office_n and_o name_n yet_o do_v not_o surrender_v the_o old_a but_o be_v it_o of_o any_o other_o franchise_n the_o take_v anew_o of_o the_o same_o thing_n be_v a_o surrender_n of_o the_o old_a dean_n and_o chapter_n of_o norwich_n case_n rep._n 3._o 73._o 266._o jones_n 266._o fulcher_n and_o heyward_n case_n seem_v a_o strong_a case_n to_o prove_v it_o not_o surrenderable_a and_o though_o the_o bishop_n do_v not_o in_o that_o case_n join_v in_o the_o surrender_n that_o can_v hinder_v because_o the_o bishop_n be_v no_o part_n of_o the_o corporation_n and_o therefore_o can_v hinder_v they_o to_o surrender_v if_o they_o will_n b_o 4_o h._n 26._o 22._o b_o a_o vill_n '_o incorporate_v by_o the_o name_n of_o bailiff_n the_o king_n de_fw-fr nova_fw-la incorporates_n they_o by_o the_o name_n of_o sheriff_n be_v their_o privilege_n that_o they_o before_o have_v go_v no_o dieu_n defend_v say_v the_o book_n but_o this_o be_v not_o my_o question_n i_o intend_v not_o to_o debate_v it_o thorough_o but_o to_o keep_v to_o the_o point_n of_o a_o forfeiture_n of_o a_o body_n politic_a or_o corporation_n and_o far_a to_o examine_v the_o reasonableness_n and_o justice_n of_o this_o doctrine_n of_o forfeiture_n and_o see_v how_o adequate_a and_o just_a it_o be_v for_o that_o be_v the_o thing_n i_o perceive_v desire_v 1._o first_o their_o position_n be_v that_o a_o corporation_n or_o be_v of_o a_o body_n politic_a be_v a_o liberty_n or_o franchise_n and_o if_o abuse_v or_o misuse_v be_v forfeit_v determine_v and_o dissolve_v that_o i_o may_v a_o little_a understand_v this_o position_n and_o consider_v of_o abuse_n and_o misuse_v and_o of_o the_o extent_n and_o consequence_n of_o it_o by_o abuse_v or_o misuse_v every_o act_n that_o a_o corporation_n do_v that_o be_v not_o justifiable_a by_o law_n be_v as_o i_o take_v it_o a_o abuser_n or_o missuser_n if_o a_o corporation_n receive_v any_o money_n that_o be_v not_o due_a to_o they_o if_o it_o be_v by_o virtue_n of_o any_o by-law_n that_o be_v a_o forfeiture_n though_o it_o be_v but_o a_o groat_n what_o if_o they_o by_o their_o common_a seal_n command_v their_o servant_n to_o enter_v into_o such_o land_n or_o distrein_o such_o a_o man_n cattle_n for_o rent_n not_o due_a be_v not_o this_o a_o take_n upon_o they_o to_o oppress_v the_o king_n subject_n and_o to_o extort_v from_o they_o their_o land_n or_o money_n where_o not_o due_a this_o be_v a_o misuser_n a_o body_n politic_a as_o i_o have_v say_v be_v but_o a_o person_n create_v in_o resemblance_n of_o a_o natural_a person_n to_o have_v a_o capacity_n to_o take_v hold_v and_o enjoy_v to_o particular_a end_n and_o purpose_n and_o hold_v or_o enjoy_v be_v not_o possible_a without_o act_v and_o all_o that_o act_n must_v of_o necessity_n be_v subject_a to_o error_n sometime_o in_o their_o action_n as_o natural_a person_n be_v and_o must_v it_o be_v so_o penal_a to_o they_o that_o every_o error_n misuser_n or_o abuser_n must_v be_v a_o forfeiture_n can_v it_o be_v reasonable_a or_o just_a in_o law_n that_o this_o can_v be_v law_n be_v make_v for_o preservation_n not_o for_o destruction_n if_o every_o abuser_n or_o misuser_n forfeit_v be_v it_o a_o small_a transgression_n be_v it_o either_o reasonable_a or_o probable_a that_o any_o law_n shall_v punish_v it_o with_o destruction_n of_o the_o body_n the_o great_a offence_n be_v it_o treason_n or_o rebellion_n or_o the_o least_o illegal_a act_n offence_n or_o misdemeanour_n must_v have_v the_o same_o measure_n of_o punishment_n by_o this_o rule_n and_o the_o law_n than_o do_v not_o distinguish_v if_o a_o natural_a body_n or_o person_n have_v a_o market_n and_o order_n his_o servant_n to_o take_v such_o toll_v and_o he_o take_v they_o what_o will_v this_o crime_n be_v beside_o forfeiture_n of_o his_o market_n why_o shall_v a_o corporation_n than_o not_o only_o in_o such_o case_n or_o for_o any_o offence_n or_o miscarriage_n to_o the_o value_n of_o a_o penny_n forfeit_a and_o lose_v as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o high_a treason_n his_o life_n
that_o time_n till_o within_o these_o three_o year_n i_o believe_v it_o never_o enter_v into_o any_o man_n thought_n that_o a_o corporation_n be_v forfeitable_a for_o far_a proof_n whereof_o divers_a other_o statute_n and_o the_o whole_a series_n of_o matter_n be_v argument_n 6._o 15_o h._n 6._o cap._n 6._o the_o statute_n of_o h._n 6._o that_o provide_v against_o abuse_n and_o exaction_n make_v by_o society_n incorporate_v by_o their_o by-law_n and_o ordinance_n and_o appoint_v a_o forfeiture_n of_o ten_o pound_n and_o of_o their_o power_n to_o make_v by-law_n to_o what_o end_n shall_v this_o be_v if_o the_o corporation_n themselves_o be_v forfeit_v or_o think_v so_o to_o be_v the_o statute_n of_o h._n 7._o recite_v the_o statute_n of_o h._n 6._o 7._o 19_o h._n 7._o cap._n 7._o and_o the_o exaction_n and_o abuse_n by_o fellowship_n by_o their_o by-law_n and_o ordinance_n and_o ordinance_n and_o appoint_v a_o penalty_n of_o forty_o pound_n upon_o a_o they_o exact_a money_n by_o a_o unlawful_a and_o unwarrant_v by-law_n not_o examine_v and_o sign_v by_o the_o chancellor_n and_o chief_a justice_n the_o statute_n of_o the_o 12_o h._n 7._o cap._n 6._o set_v forth_o grievous_a exaction_n by_o the_o fellowship_n of_o merchant_n adventurer_n 6._o 12_o h._n 7._o cap._n 6._o by_o their_o by-law_n and_o impose_v a_o penalty_n for_o the_o future_a the_o statute_n 22_o h._n 8._o 4._o 28_o h._n 8._o 5._o show_n like_o exaction_n by_o corporation_n upon_o apprentice_n by_o their_o ordinance_n and_o by-law_n provide_v remedy_n and_o enact_v penalty_n if_o in_o those_o time_n it_o have_v be_v think_v or_o imagine_v that_o a_o corporation_n have_v be_v forfeitable_a every_o of_o these_o offence_n forfeit_v it_o what_o need_v far_a remedy_n in_o the_o case_n of_o hoddy_n and_o wheehouse_n of_o excessive_a toll_n by_o the_o town_n of_o northampton_n eliz._n moor._n 474._o 39_o eliz._n in_o the_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la against_o a_o corporation_n 77._o palmer_n 77._o though_o the_o question_n be_v concern_v their_o take_a toll_n and_o whether_o they_o have_v forfeit_v their_o market_n or_o only_o their_o toll_n no_o thought_n of_o forfeit_v their_o corporation_n ever_o mention_v so_o that_o i_o think_v i_o may_v conclude_v with_o the_o tumultuous_a time_n of_o e._n 1._o e._n 2._o and_o r._n 2._o what_o be_v then_o do_v do_v plain_o show_v the_o corporation_n be_v not_o forfeit_a or_o dissolve_v that_o by_o all_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o proceed_n in_o almost_o all_o the_o reign_v of_o any_o length_n or_o duration_n from_o that_o time_n to_o this_o very_a case_n the_o opinion_n and_o thought_n of_o man_n be_v otherwise_o as_o by_o the_o statute_n and_o transaction_n appear_v not_o one_o opinion_n book_n or_o authority_n produce_v or_o to_o be_v find_v the_o great_a concern_v not_o only_o of_o this_o great_a city_n but_o of_o all_o other_o city_n town_n and_o corporation_n ecclesiastical_a and_o temporal_a all_o depend_v upon_o it_o and_o which_o be_v more_o than_o all_o the_o very_a government_n by_o law_n establish_v will_v be_v in_o great_a danger_n of_o alteration_n by_o it_o i_o have_v argue_v long_o and_o try_v your_o lordship_n patience_n the_o weight_n and_o length_n of_o the_o case_n and_o rareness_n of_o the_o matter_n there_o never_o have_v be_v the_o like_o before_o in_o any_o age_n will_n i_o hope_v excuse_v i_o but_o beside_o the_o whole_a frame_n and_o foundation_n that_o the_o other_o side_n have_v lay_v be_v all_o build_v upon_o general_a undigested_a notion_n as_o i_o take_v it_o viz._n that_o abuser_n and_o misuser_n of_o liberties_n forfeit_v they_o without_o distinguish_v betwixt_o one_o thing_n and_o another_o that_o the_o word_n forfeit_v and_o seize_v liberty_n find_v in_o old_a record_n shall_v be_v authority_n to_o prove_v forfeit_v corporation_n or_o being_n of_o the_o body_n politic_a though_o no_o such_o thing_n then_o or_o at_o any_o time_n since_o till_o very_o late_o ever_o think_v on_o or_o imagine_v it_o be_v necessary_a for_o i_o to_o open_v and_o set_v forth_o these_o general_a notion_n and_o to_o explain_v and_o distinguish_v which_o i_o hope_v i_o have_v do_v that_o it_o may_v appear_v what_o the_o sense_n of_o they_o be_v how_o far_o they_o agree_v with_o law_n and_o justice_n and_o how_o far_o not_o and_o if_o in_o the_o do_v hereof_o or_o the_o set_n out_o the_o repugnant_a or_o inconsistent_a matter_n or_o opinion_n arise_v in_o this_o case_n to_o maintain_v this_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la i_o have_v express_v myself_o in_o any_o other_o manner_n than_o become_v i_o i_o humble_o beg_v pardon_n for_o it_o and_o that_o it_o may_v not_o reflect_v upon_o the_o cause_n nor_o prejudice_v it_o upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n if_o this_o information_n bring_v against_o the_o body_n politic_a for_o usurp_a to_o be_v a_o body_n politic_a aught_o to_o have_v be_v bring_v against_o the_o particular_a person_n if_o it_o be_v repugnant_a or_o contradictory_n that_o a_o corporation_n can_v usurp_v to_o be_v a_o corporation_n that_o a_o body_n politic_a or_o be_v can_v usurp_v to_o be_v a_o body_n politic_a or_o be_v before_o it_o have_v a_o be_v or_o to_o be_v that_o same_o body_n politic_a or_o be_v which_o it_o be_v when_o it_o do_v usurp_v if_o forfeit_v a_o franchise_n or_o liberty_n or_o other_o estate_n can_v determine_v or_o vest_n that_o franchise_n or_o estate_n in_o the_o king_n till_o the_o forfeiture_n appear_v on_o record_n then_o the_o old_a corporation_n suppose_v to_o be_v forfeit_v if_o it_o be_v so_o do_v notwithstanding_o and_o yet_o do_v continue_v in_o be_v there_o be_v no_o record_n to_o determine_v it_o and_o consequent_o that_o which_o be_v pretend_v a_o new_a one_o by_o usurpation_n be_v impossible_a if_o by_o seizure_n into_o the_o king_n hand_n as_o pretend_a the_o continuance_n of_o the_o corporation_n be_v intend_v how_o inconsistent_a be_v it_o with_o law_n or_o justice_n to_o continue_v any_o thing_n in_o the_o king_n that_o be_v wrongful_o usurp_v and_o the_o party_n to_o be_v punish_v fine_v and_o commit_v for_o usurp_a if_o mr._n attorney_n replication_n take_v issue_n upon_o our_o prescription_n to_o be_v a_o corporation_n and_o go_v over_o and_o allege_v several_a distinct_a cause_n of_o forfeiture_n can_v by_o law_n be_v maintain_v and_o in_o the_o example_n do_v introduce_v a_o way_n to_o bring_v all_o man_n estate_n subject_a to_o mr._n attorney_n will_v and_o pleasure_n for_o let_v any_o man_n right_o be_v as_o good_a as_o can_v be_v it_o will_v be_v scarce_o possible_a to_o defend_v it_o if_o such_o plead_n as_o in_o his_o replication_n be_v allowable_a by_o law_n then_o be_v the_o matter_n in_o law_n as_o much_o against_o we_o as_o possible_a yet_o mr._n attorney_n can_v have_v no_o judgement_n for_o he_o upon_o this_o information_n next_o suppose_v the_o information_n all_o good_a in_o law_n yet_o if_o the_o judgement_n record_n and_o authority_n that_o have_v be_v cite_v by_o they_o for_o seizure_n do_v plain_o show_v that_o seizure_n and_o forfeiture_n be_v very_o different_a in_o their_o nature_n that_o the_o corporation_n all_o continue_v notwithstanding_o the_o seizure_n and_o the_o seizure_n be_v only_o the_o king_n put_v in_o mayor_n and_o officer_n to_o act_v in_o they_o instead_o of_o the_o other_o elect_v or_o constitute_v by_o the_o corporation_n and_o they_o remain_v corporation_n by_o prescription_n to_o this_o day_n and_o never_o be_v forfeit_v dissolve_v or_o determine_v by_o such_o seizure_n if_o the_o general_a authority_n in_o book_n that_o the_o misuse_n or_o abuse_v a_o franchise_n be_v true_o applicable_a to_o franchise_n that_o be_v estate_n and_o interest_n grantable_a or_o conveyable_a from_o man_n to_o man_n and_o never_o be_v intend_v of_o such_o a_o thing_n as_o be_v rather_o a_o capacity_n or_o be_v than_o a_o franchise_n if_o there_o be_v no_o case_n or_o precedent_n or_o opinion_n to_o be_v find_v for_o it_o if_o of_o the_o contrary_a the_o particular_a case_n cite_v prove_v that_o where_o the_o corporation_n have_v by_o miscarriage_n forfeit_v particular_a franchise_n they_o do_v not_o forfeit_v their_o corporation_n if_o there_o be_v scarce_o any_o corporation_n in_o england_n that_o have_v not_o at_o some_o time_n or_o other_o do_v something_o they_o shall_v not_o or_o omit_v to_o do_v something_o they_o shall_v and_o thereby_o forfeit_v their_o corporation_n and_o consequent_o all_o be_v usurper_n and_o their_o corporate_a act_n since_o do_v all_o void_a if_o the_o corporation_n here_o have_v do_v nothing_o but_o that_o the_o mayor_n aldermen_z and_o common_a council_n be_v only_a delegate_n deputy_n or_o minister_n of_o the_o corporation_n for_o particular_a purpose_n if_o servant_n deputy_n or_o delegate_n do_v that_o which_o they_o have_v no_o authority_n to_o do_v they_o must_v answer_v for_o it_o in_o their_o own_o
i_o have_v peruse_v this_o report_n and_o do_v licence_n george_n grafton_n to_o print_v the_o same_o jan._n 23._o 1689_o 90._o hen._n pollexfen_n the_o case_n of_o the_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la against_o the_o city_n of_o london_n wherein_o the_o judgement_n in_o that_o case_n and_o the_o argument_n in_o law_n touch_v the_o forfeiture_n and_o surrender_n of_o charter_n be_v report_a london_n print_v for_o george_n grafton_n near_o temple-bar_n in_o fleetstreet_n 1690._o mich._n 33._o car._n ii_o in_o b._n r._n rot_v 137._o sir_n robert_n sawyer_n knight_n his_o majesty_n attorney_n general_n against_o the_o lord_n mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o citizen_n of_o london_n the_o information_n in_o nature_n of_o a_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la set_v forth_o that_o the_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o citizen_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n by_o the_o space_n of_o a_o month_n than_o last_o past_a and_o more_o use_v and_o yet_o do_v claim_v to_o have_v and_o use_v without_o any_o lawful_a warrant_n or_o regal_a grant_n within_o the_o city_n of_o london_n aforesaid_a and_o the_o liberty_n and_o privilege_n of_o the_o same_o city_n the_o liberty_n and_o privilege_n follow_v viz._n i._o to_o be_v of_o themselves_o a_o body_n corporate_a and_o politic_a by_o the_o name_n of_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o citizen_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n ii_o to_o have_v sheriff_n civitat_fw-la &_o com'_v london_n &_o com._n mid_a '_o and_o to_o name_n elect_v make_v and_o constitute_v they_o iii_o that_o the_o mayor_n and_o alderman_n of_o the_o say_a city_n shall_v be_v justice_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o hold_v session_n of_o the_o peace_n all_o which_o liberty_n privilege_n and_o franchise_n the_o say_a mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o citizen_n of_o london_n upon_o the_o king_n do_v by_o the_o space_n aforesaid_a usurp_v and_o yet_o do_v usurp_v the_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o citizen_n they_o appear_v by_o their_o attorney_n and_o plead_v plea_n plea_n i._o as_o to_o their_o be_v a_o body_n politic_n and_o corporate_a they_o prescribe_v and_o say_v 1._o that_o the_o city_n of_o london_n be_v and_o time_n out_o of_o mind_n have_v be_v a_o ancient_a city_n and_o that_o the_o citizen_n of_o that_o city_n be_v and_o by_o all_o that_o time_n have_v be_v a_o body_n corporate_a and_o politic_a by_o name_n of_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o citizen_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n that_o in_o magna_n carta_n de_fw-fr libertatib_n '_o angliae_fw-la in_o the_o parliament_n hold_v 9_o hen._n 3._o it_o be_v enact_v quod_fw-la civitas_n london_n '_o habeat_fw-la omnes_fw-la libertates_fw-la svas_fw-la antiquas_fw-la &_o consuetudines_fw-la svas_fw-la that_o in_o the_o parliament_n 1_o e._n 3._o that_o king_n by_o his_o charter_n de_fw-fr assensu_fw-la prelatorum_fw-la comitum_fw-la baronum_fw-la &_o totius_fw-la communitatis_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la and_o by_o authority_n of_o the_o same_o parliament_n have_v recite_v that_o the_o same_o citizen_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o make_n magna_fw-la carta_n and_o also_o in_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n william_n the_o conqueror_n and_o other_o his_o progenitor_n have_v divers_a liberty_n and_o custom_n will_n and_o grant_n by_o authority_n aforesaid_a that_o the_o same_o citizen_n shall_v have_v their_o liberty_n according_a to_o magna_fw-la carta_n and_o that_o for_o any_o personal_a trespass_n alicujus_fw-la ministri_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la civitatis_fw-la libertas_n civitatis_fw-la illius_fw-la in_o manus_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la ed._n 3._o vel_fw-la heredum_fw-la suorum_fw-la non_fw-la caperetur_fw-la sed_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la minister_n prout_fw-la qualitatem_fw-la transgressionis_fw-la puniretur_fw-la they_o plead_v also_o that_o in_o the_o parliament_n hold_v 7_o r._n 2._o omnes_fw-la consuetudines_fw-la libertates_fw-la franchesia_n &_o privilegia_fw-la civitatis_fw-la predict_v '_o tunc_fw-la civibus_fw-la civitatis_fw-la illius_fw-la &_o eorum_fw-la successoribus_fw-la licet_fw-la usi_fw-la non_fw-la fuerint_fw-la vel_fw-la abusi_fw-la fuerint_fw-la authoritate_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la parliamenti_fw-la ratificat_fw-la '_o fuerunt_fw-la then_o they_o plead_v the_o confirmation_n of_o several_a late_a king_n by_o their_o charter_n as_o of_o king_n henry_n vi_o by_o his_o charter_n dated_n 26_o octob._n 23_o h._n 6._o king_n edward_n iv_o by_o his_o charter_n dated_n 9_o nou._n 2_o e._n 4._o king_n henry_n vii_o by_o his_o charter_n dated_n 23_o july_n 20_o h._n 7._o king_n james_n i._o by_o his_o charter_n dated_n 25_o sept._n 6_o jac._n 1._o king_n charles_n i._o by_o his_o charter_n dated_n 18_o octob._n 14_o c._n 1._o king_n charles_n ii_o by_o his_o charter_n dated_n 24_o jan._n 15_o c._n 2._o ac_fw-la eo_fw-la warranto_fw-la they_o claim_v to_o be_v and_o be_v a_o body_n politic_n etc._n etc._n and_o traverse_v their_o usurp_a upon_o the_o king_n ii_o as_o to_o the_o have_v elect_a make_v and_o constitute_v sheriff_n of_o london_n and_o middlesex_n they_o plead_v that_o they_o be_v and_o time_n out_o of_o mind_n be_v a_o body_n politic_n and_o corporate_a as_o well_o by_o the_o name_n of_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o citizen_n quam_fw-la per_fw-la nomen_fw-la civium_fw-la london_n and_o that_o king_n john_n by_o his_o letter_n patent_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n in_o court_n produce_v date_v 5_o julii_n anno_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la primo_fw-la grant_v to_o the_o citizen_n of_o london_n that_o they_o shall_v have_v the_o elect_n make_v and_o constitute_v sheriff_n of_o london_n and_o middlesex_n imperpetuum_fw-la then_o they_o plead_v this_o liberty_n and_o franchise_n confirm_v to_o they_o by_o all_o the_o aforementioned_a statute_n and_o charter_n ac_fw-la eo_fw-la warranto_fw-la they_o claim_v to_o make_v and_o constitute_v sheriff_n iii_o as_o to_o the_o mayor_n and_o alderman_n being_n justice_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o hold_v session_n they_o plead_v that_o the_o city_n be_v and_o time_n out_o of_o mind_n be_v a_o ancient_a city_n and_o county_n and_o the_o citizen_n a_o body_n politic_n that_o king_n charles_n the_o first_o by_o his_o letter_n patent_n date_v 18_o octob._n 14._o car._n i._o grant_v to_o the_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o citizen_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n that_o the_o mayor_n and_o alderman_n of_o london_n such_o of_o they_o as_o have_v be_v mayor_n shall_v be_v justice_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o shall_v hold_v session_n &_o eo_fw-la warranto_fw-la they_o claim_v to_o be_v justice_n and_o hold_v session_n to_o this_o plea_n the_o attorney_n general_n reply_v respon_n respon_n and_o as_o to_o the_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o citizen_n of_o london_n be_v a_o body_n politic_n and_o corporate_a first_o take_v issue_n that_o they_o never_o be_v a_o body_n corporate_a and_o for_o this_o put_v himself_o upon_o the_o country_n and_o then_o go_v over_o and_o plead_v that_o the_o mayor_n commonalty_n and_o citizen_n assume_v upon_o themselves_o to_o be_v a_o body_n politic_n and_o corporate_a and_o by_o reason_n thereof_o to_o have_v power_n and_o authority_n to_o convocate_v and_o assemble_v and_o make_v law_n and_o ordinance_n not_o contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n for_o the_o better_a government_n of_o the_o city_n and_o citizen_n and_o for_o preserve_v the_o king_n peace_n under_o colour_n and_o pretext_n thereof_o but_o respect_v only_o their_o private_a gain_n and_o profit_n and_o against_o the_o trust_n in_o a_o body_n corporate_a by_o the_o law_n of_o this_o kingdom_n repose_v assume_v a_o unlawful_a and_o unjust_a authority_n to_o levy_v money_n upon_o the_o king_n subject_n to_o their_o own_o proper_a use_n by_o colour_n of_o law_n and_o ordinance_n by_o they_o de_fw-fr facto_fw-la ordain_v and_o establish_v and_o in_o prosecution_n and_o execution_n of_o such_o illegal_a and_o unjust_a power_n and_o authority_n by_o they_o usurp_v 17_o of_o septemb_n 26_o car._n ii_o in_o their_o common_a council_n assemble_v make_v constitute_v and_o publish_v a_o certain_a law_n by_o they_o de_fw-fr facto_fw-la enact_v for_o the_o levy_n of_o several_a sum_n of_o money_n of_o all_o the_o king_n subject_n come_v to_o the_o public_a market_n within_o the_o city_n to_o sell_v their_o provision_n viz._n of_o every_o person_n for_o every_o horseload_n of_o provision_n into_o any_o public_a market_n within_o the_o say_a city_n bring_v to_o sell_v 2_o d._n per_fw-la day_n for_o every_o dosser_n of_o provision_n 6_o d._n per_fw-la day_n for_o every_o cartload_n not_o draw_v with_o more_o than_o three_o horse_n 4_o d._n per_fw-la day_n if_o draw_v with_o more_o than_o three_o horse_n 6_o d._n per_fw-la day_n and_o that_o these_o sum_n of_o money_n shall_v be_v pay_v to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o mayor_n commonalty_n and_o citizen_n and_o if_o any_o refuse_v to_o pay_v then_o to_o be_v remove_v from_o his_o place_n in_o the_o market_n and_o that_o by_o colour_n of_o this_o law_n the_o mayor_n commonalty_n and_o citizen_n for_o their_o own_o private_a gain_n have_v illegal_o by_o
the_o space_n of_o seven_o year_n next_o after_o the_o make_v this_o ordinance_n receive_v divers_a great_a sum_n of_o money_n in_o all_o amount_v to_o 5000_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la in_o oppression_n of_o the_o king_n subject_n and_o further_o that_o whereas_o a_o session_n of_o parliament_n be_v hold_v by_o prorogation_n and_o continue_v to_o the_o 10_o of_o january_n 32_o car._n ii_o and_o then_o prorogue_v to_o the_o 20_o of_o january_n than_o next_o the_o mayor_n commonalty_n and_o citizen_n 13_o jan._n 32_o car._n ii_o in_o their_o common_a council_n assemble_v unlawful_o malicious_o advise_o and_o seditious_o and_o without_o any_o lawful_a authority_n assume_v upon_o themselves_o ad_fw-la censendum_fw-la &_o judicandum_fw-la dictum_fw-la dominum_fw-la regem_fw-la &_o prorogationem_fw-la parliamenti_fw-la per_fw-la dominum_fw-la regem_fw-la sic_fw-la fact_n '_o and_o then_o and_o there_o in_o common_a council_n assemble_v do_v give_v their_o vote_n and_o order_n that_o a_o certain_a petition_n under_o the_o name_n of_o the_o mayor_n aldermen_z and_o commons_o of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n in_o common_a council_n assemble_v to_o the_o king_n shall_v be_v exhibit_v in_o which_o say_v petition_n be_v contain_v that_o by_o the_o prorogation_n the_o prosecution_n of_o the_o public_a justice_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o make_v necessary_a provision_n for_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o king_n and_o of_o his_o protestant_a subject_n have_v receive_v interruption_n and_o that_o the_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o citizen_n in_o the_o same_o common_a council_n assemble_v do_v unlawful_o malicious_o advise_o and_o seditious_o and_o with_o intention_n that_o the_o say_a petition_n shall_v be_v disperse_v among_o the_o king_n subject_n to_o induce_v a_o opinion_n in_o they_o that_o the_o say_a king_n by_o prorogue_v the_o parliament_n have_v obstruct_v the_o public_a justice_n and_o to_o incite_v the_o king_n subject_n to_o hatred_n of_o the_o king_n person_n and_o government_n and_o to_o disturb_v the_o peace_n of_o the_o kingdom_n do_v order_n that_o the_o say_a petition_n shall_v be_v print_v and_o the_o same_o be_v print_v according_o to_o the_o intent_n and_o purpose_n aforesaid_a by_o which_o the_o mayor_n commonalty_n and_o citizen_n aforesaid_a the_o privilege_n liberty_n and_o franchise_n of_o be_v a_o body_n politic_n and_o corporate_a do_v forfeit_v and_o afterward_o by_o the_o time_n in_o the_o information_n that_o liberty_n and_o franchise_n of_o be_v a_o body_n politic_n do_v usurp_v upon_o the_o king_n et_fw-la hoc_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o as_o to_o the_o other_o two_o plea_n viz._n the_o make_n and_o have_v sheriff_n and_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n the_o attorney_n general_n imparles_n to_o mich._n term._n the_o mayor_n commonalty_n and_o citizen_n rejoynder_n rejoynder_n as_o to_o the_o plea_n of_o the_o attorney_n general_n plead_v in_o assign_v a_o forfeiture_n of_o their_o be_v a_o body_n politic_n and_o corporate_a protestando_fw-la that_o those_o plea_n by_o the_o attorney_n plead_v and_o the_o matter_n in_o the_o same_o contain_v be_v insufficient_a in_o the_o law_n to_o forejudge_v or_o exclude_v the_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o citizen_n from_o be_v a_o corporation_n protestando_fw-la etiam_fw-la that_o no_o act_n or_o deed_n or_o by-law_n make_v by_o the_o mayor_n aldermen_z and_o common_a council_n be_v the_o act_n or_o deed_n of_o the_o body_n corporate_a protestando_fw-la etiam_fw-la that_o they_o the_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o citizen_n of_o london_n never_o take_v upon_o they_o any_o unlawful_a or_o unjust_a authority_n to_o tax_n the_o king_n subject_n for_o their_o own_o private_a gain_n or_o do_v ever_o levy_v or_o exact_v from_o the_o king_n subject_n come_v to_o market_n such_o yearly_a sum_n as_o in_o the_o replication_n be_v allege_v for_o plea_n say_v that_o london_n be_v the_o metropolis_n of_o england_n and_o very_o populous_a &_o celeberrimum_fw-la emporium_n totius_fw-la europae_n that_o there_o be_v and_o time_n out_o of_o mind_n have_v be_v divers_a public_a market_n for_o provision_n and_o merchandise_n within_o the_o say_a city_n to_o be_v sell_v that_o the_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o citizen_n have_v be_v time_n out_o of_o mind_n and_o yet_o be_v seize_v of_o these_o market_n in_o fee_n and_o by_o all_o the_o say_a time_n at_o their_o own_o cost_v and_o expense_n have_v provide_v and_o have_v accustom_v and_o aught_o to_o provide_v at_o their_o own_o cost_n place_n for_o the_o hold_v the_o say_a market_n and_o stall_n and_o stand_v and_o other_o accommodation_n for_o person_n bring_v provision_n and_o merchandise_n to_o the_o say_a market_n and_o supervisor_n and_o other_o officer_n for_o the_o better_a preserve_n and_o order_v the_o say_a market_n and_o of_o the_o great_a concourse_n of_o person_n come_v to_o the_o same_o and_o for_o the_o sustain_n and_o support_v of_o the_o say_a cost_n and_o expense_n by_o all_o the_o time_n aforesaid_a have_v have_v and_o aught_o to_o have_v reasonable_a toll_n rate_n or_o sum_n of_o money_n of_o person_n come_v to_o the_o say_a market_n for_o their_o stall_n stand_n and_o other_o accommodation_n by_o they_o for_o the_o better_a expose_v their_o commodity_n have_v and_o enjoy_v they_o further_o say_v that_o the_o citizen_n and_o freeman_n of_o london_n be_v very_o numerous_a viz._n 50000_o and_o more_o that_o within_o the_o say_a city_n there_o have_v be_v time_n out_o of_o mind_n a_o common_a council_n assemble_v as_o often_o as_o necessary_a consist_v of_o the_o mayor_n aldermen_z and_o of_o certain_a of_o the_o citizen_n not_o exceed_v 250_o person_n thereto_o annual_o elect_v call_v the_o commons_o of_o the_o say_a city_n that_o there_o be_v a_o custom_n within_o the_o say_a city_n for_o the_o mayor_n aldermen_z and_o common_a council_n to_o make_v by-law_n and_o ordinance_n for_o the_o regulation_n and_o government_n of_o the_o public_a market_n within_o the_o city_n that_o these_o liberty_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o city_n be_v confirm_v by_o magna_n carta_n and_o the_o other_o statute_n in_o the_o plea_n abovemention_v that_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o burn_a of_o the_o city_n in_o septemb_n 1666._o and_o the_o alteration_n in_o the_o market-house_n and_o place_n thereby_o occasion_v for_o the_o establish_n and_o resetle_v the_o market_n within_o the_o city_n 17_o septemb_n 26_o car._n two_o the_o then_o mayor_n aldermen_z and_o commons_o in_o common_a council_n assemble_v according_a to_o the_o say_a custom_n for_o the_o better_a regulation_n of_o the_o say_a market_n do_v make_v and_o publish_v a_o ordinance_n entitle_v a_o act_n for_o the_o settlement_n and_o well-ordering_a the_o public_a market_n within_o the_o city_n of_o london_n by_o which_o say_v ordinance_n recite_v that_o for_o the_o accommodation_n of_o the_o market_n people_n with_o stall_n shelter_n and_o other_o necessary_n for_o their_o stand_v in_o the_o market_n and_o for_o the_o amendment_n pave_v and_o cleanse_v the_o market-place_n and_o for_o the_o support_n and_o defray_v the_o incident_a charge_n thereof_o there_o have_v be_v always_o certain_a reasonable_a rate_n and_o duty_n pay_v for_o the_o same_o and_o to_o the_o intent_n that_o the_o say_v rate_n may_v be_v ascertain_v and_o make_v public_a to_o all_o market-people_n and_o the_o collector_n restrain_v from_o exact_v it_o be_v enact_v and_o ordain_v by_o the_o say_a common-council_n that_o the_o rate_n and_o sum_n in_o the_o replication_n shall_v be_v pay_v to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o citizen_n or_o upon_o refusal_n to_o be_v remove_v out_o of_o the_o market_n and_o they_o aver_v that_o these_o be_v all_o the_o rate_n or_o duty_n pay_v and_o be_v reasonable_a sum_n to_o be_v pay_v and_o these_o they_o have_v demand_v and_o receive_v for_o the_o use_n and_o purpose_n aforesaid_a as_o be_v lawful_a for_o they_o to_o do_v as_o to_o the_o other_o matter_n allege_v by_o the_o attorney_n general_n in_o assign_v the_o forfeiture_n they_o say_v that_o within_o this_o kingdom_n viz._n at_o the_o parish_n of_o st._n michael_n bassishaw_o london_n there_o be_v a_o execrable_a plot_n and_o conspiracy_n prosecute_v by_o papist_n to_o destroy_v the_o king_n and_o to_o subvert_v the_o ancient_a government_n and_o suppress_v the_o true_a religion_n in_o this_o kingdom_n establish_v that_o sir_n edmundbury_n godfrey_n take_v examination_n of_o witness_n and_o information_n of_o the_o same_o and_o also_o of_o the_o burn_a of_o london_n by_o the_o papist_n that_o divers_a of_o these_o conspirator_n have_v lie_v in_o wait_n for_o he_o and_o murder_v he_o to_o the_o intent_n to_o suppress_v his_o examination_n and_o to_o deter_v other_o magistrate_n from_o act_v in_o the_o discovery_n that_o green_n and_o other_o be_v try_v and_o hang_v for_o this_o murder_n that_o coleman_n and_o other_o be_v also_o try_v and_o execute_v for_o the_o same_o conspiracy_n that_o william_n lord_n powis_n
charter_n therefore_o upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n i_o do_v humble_o pray_v your_o judgement_n for_o the_o king_n that_o they_o may_v be_v out_v of_o their_o franchise_n of_o be_v a_o corporation_n sir_n george_n treby_n recorder_n for_o the_o city_n the_o first_o thing_n that_o i_o shall_v i_o hope_v maintain_v be_v i._o that_o a_o corporation_n or_o the_o be_v of_o a_o body_n politic_n it_o not_o forfeitable_a the_o nature_n of_o a_o corporation_n in_o its_o existence_n power_n and_o action_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v a_o body_n politic_a or_o corporation_n be_v create_v by_o the_o policy_n of_o man_n 1_o inst_z 2._o the_o person_n incorporate_v be_v create_v a_o body_n and_o be_v of_o capacity_n to_o take_v or_o grant_v do_v or_o act_n according_a to_o the_o power_n and_o authority_n in_o their_o creation_n give_v they_o and_o to_o no_o other_o purpose_n only_o a_o capacity_n and_o not_o proper_o a_o franchise_n 1_o inst_z 250._o brook_z therefore_o in_o his_o title_n of_o corporation_n make_v his_o title_n corporation_n or_o capacity_n 2_o bulstrode_n 233._o the_o body_n be_v invisible_a therefore_o can_v appear_v in_o person_n dissolution_n of_o a_o corporation_n there_o may_v be_v as_o where_o the_o person_n incorporate_v all_o dye_n corporation_n of_o necessity_n be_v thereby_o dissolve_v 1_o inst_z 13._o b._n roll_n ab._n 1._o 514._o but_o no_o book_n or_o case_n mention_n dissolution_n by_o forfeiture_n in_o the_o time_n of_o h._n 8._o when_o the_o corporation_n of_o monk_n nun_n and_o other_o religious_a house_n be_v dissolve_v have_v it_o not_o be_v a_o very_a easy_a way_n if_o this_o doctrine_n of_o dissolve_v by_o forfeiture_n will_v have_v do_v it_o thereby_o to_o have_v effect_v the_o king_n purpose_n it_o be_v but_o to_o have_v issue_v out_o a_o commission_n and_o thereby_o find_v but_o one_o illegal_a act_n or_o miscarriage_n do_v by_o the_o corporation_n and_o thereby_o the_o corporation_n dissolve_v but_o in_o henry_n the_o eighth_n time_n or_o afterward_o the_o surrender_n make_v by_o corporation_n be_v of_o their_o land_n not_o of_o their_o corporation_n or_o body_n politic_a as_o appear_v 2_o anderson_n 120._o dean_n and_o chapter_n the_o norwich_n case_n 3_o rep._n 74._o for_o though_o they_o surrender_v their_o church_n and_o all_o their_o possession_n and_o franchise_n yet_o the_o corporation_n remain_v not_o thereby_o dissolve_v fullcher_n and_o heyward_n jones_n 198._o palm_n 491._o davyes_n rep._n 1._o b._n and_o encounter_v le_fw-fr opin_n dy._n 273._o 282._o and_o therefore_o to_o this_o time_n viz._n 3_o car._n i._o when_o these_o case_n be_v adjudge_v and_o argue_v the_o law_n be_v take_v to_o be_v that_o a_o corporation_n can_v not_o be_v dissolve_v by_o surrender_n and_o the_o statute_n 27_o h._n 8._o 31_o h._n 8._o 34_o h._n 8._o for_o dissolve_v the_o monastery_n none_o of_o they_o mention_n surrender_n of_o the_o corporation_n and_o the_o the_o word_n forfeiture_n be_v in_o those_o statute_n thereby_o be_v not_o mean_v forfeiture_n of_o corporation_n but_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o land_n of_o the_o abbot_n by_o attainder_n viz._n abbot_n of_o glassenbury_n colchester_n and_o other_o attabit_v upon_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o king_n supremacy_n and_o so_o it_o appear_v roll_v 2_o rep._n 101._o but_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v admit_v that_o a_o corporation_n may_v be_v surrender_v and_o thereby_o extinct_a and_o destroy_v it_o be_v no_o consequence_n that_o they_o may_v be_v forfeit_v for_o there_o be_v many_o thing_n surrenderable_a that_o be_v not_o forfeitable_a as_o annuity_n grant_v pro_fw-la concilio_n impenso_fw-la &_o impendendo_fw-la which_o be_v persnal_a interest_n and_o so_o fix_v to_o the_o person_n as_o not_o transferrable_a by_o grant_n forfeiture_n or_o otherwise_o much_o more_o than_o of_o a_o corporation_n which_o be_v far_o from_o be_v grantable_a or_o forfeitable_a it_o be_v the_o very_a capacity_n or_o existence_n and_o inseparable_a in_o its_o nature_n from_o the_o person_n incorporate_v worsel_n maning_n case_n lane_n 58._o roll_n abr._n 1._o 195._o alien_n obtain_v letter_n patent_n of_o grant_n of_o denization_n proviso_n that_o the_o grantée_n do_v his_o legal_a homage_n and_o be_v obedient_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n he_o never_o do_v his_o homage_n nor_o be_v obedient_a he_o shall_v not_o hereby_o forfeit_a or_o lose_v his_o denization_n or_o capacity_n that_o he_o have_v grant_v he_o by_o his_o patent_n ii_o that_o this_o information_n now_o bring_v be_v insufficient_a and_o no_o judgement_n against_o the_o corporation_n can_v be_v give_v upon_o it_o it_o can_v be_v maintain_v against_o the_o corporation_n as_o now_o bring_v but_o shall_v have_v be_v against_o the_o particular_a person_n rex_fw-la vers_fw-la cusack_n roll_n 2_o rep._n 113._o 125._o palm_n 1._o in_o a_o case_n of_o great_a authority_n and_o upon_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n out_o of_o ireland_n upon_o a_o judgement_n in_o a_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la against_o the_o corporation_n of_o dublin_n a_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la be_v bring_v against_o cusack_n and_o other_o aldermen_z of_o dublin_n who_o pretend_v to_o have_v privilege_n and_o a_o guild_n and_o to_o be_v a_o corporation_n and_o this_o i_o presume_v be_v for_o their_o be_v a_o corporation_n for_o there_o be_v a_o cur_n '_o advisare_fw-la vult_fw-la upon_o that_o and_o so_o it_o be_v not_o put_v in_o the_o case_n but_o it_o be_v also_o bring_v for_o several_a liberty_n that_o they_o do_v pretend_v to_o claim_v that_o they_o only_o and_o no_o other_o shall_v sell_v and_o buy_v all_o merchandize_v there_o and_o no_o body_n shall_v buy_v of_o another_o or_o sell_v to_o another_o but_o to_o they_o that_o all_o merchandise_n shall_v be_v bring_v to_o their_o common_a hall_n there_o etc._n etc._n now_o as_o to_o those_o liberty_n they_o be_v forejudge_v that_o the_o liberty_n shall_v be_v seize_v and_o they_o out_v as_o to_o their_o claim_v the_o corporation_n there_o be_v a_o cur_n '_o advisare_fw-la vult_fw-la so_o the_o case_n be_v in_o palmer_n but_o in_o the_o other_o book_n roll_v 115._o there_o it_o be_v agree_v if_o a_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la be_v bring_v to_o dissolve_v a_o corporation_n it_o ought_v to_o be_v bring_v against_o particular_a person_n for_o the_o writ_n suppose_v that_o they_o be_v not_o a_o corporation_n and_o it_o be_v to_o falsify_v the_o supposal_n of_o the_o writ_n to_o name_v they_o as_o a_o corporation_n now_o here_o this_o writ_n suppose_v they_o to_o be_v a_o corporation_n or_o else_o they_o can_v not_o be_v defendant_n and_o then_o it_o come_v and_o falsify_v that_o supposal_n by_o assign_v that_o they_o be_v no_o corporation_n nor_o ever_o be_v or_o if_o they_o have_v they_o have_v forfeit_v it_o and_o so_o all_o the_o foundation_n that_o this_o writ_n stand_v upon_o be_v destroy_v my_o lord_n in_o this_o case_n of_o cusack_n i_o be_o assist_v further_o with_o a_o report_n of_o it_o in_o my_o lord_n chief_a justice_n hale_n book_n a_o report_n of_o very_o great_a authority_n with_o all_o man_n of_o our_o profession_n and_o there_o he_o say_v express_o if_o a_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la be_v bring_v for_o the_o usurp_a of_o a_o corporation_n it_o must_v be_v bring_v against_o particular_a person_n because_o it_o go_v in_o disaffirmance_n of_o the_o corporation_n and_o judgement_n shall_v be_v give_v that_o they_o be_v out_v of_o the_o corporation_n but_o if_o it_o be_v for_o liberty_n that_o be_v claim_v by_o a_o corporation_n it_o must_v be_v bring_v against_o they_o as_o a_o corporation_n it_o be_v in_o my_o lord_n hale_v common_a place_n book_n which_o be_v in_o lincolns-inn_n library_n foe_n 168._o placito_fw-la 7._o my_o lord_n this_o be_v our_o very_a case_n if_o you_o go_v about_o to_o say_v our_o corporation_n be_v forfeit_v or_o must_v be_v dissolve_v nay_o more_o you_o say_v it_o have_v either_o never_o be_v or_o by_o forfeiture_n it_o be_v lose_v so_o long_o ago_o then_o here_o be_v nothing_o can_v come_v before_o the_o court_n this_o information_n be_v bring_v in_o dis-affirmance_a of_o the_o be_v of_o the_o corporation_n and_o therefore_o there_o must_v be_v set_v up_o some_o body_n capable_a of_o be_v a_o defendant_n in_o such_o a_o suit_n and_o that_o be_v particular_a person_n which_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v name_v as_o be_v in_o that_o case_n of_o cusack_n for_o as_o the_o judgement_n of_o ouster_n of_o particular_a liberty_n give_v against_o particular_a person_n will_v not_o bind_v the_o body_n of_o the_o corporation_n so_o the_o judgement_n of_o not_o be_v a_o corporation_n will_v not_o be_v good_a to_o charge_n or_o oblige_v particular_a person_n unless_o it_o be_v give_v against_o particular_a person_n that_o usurp_v the_o corporation_n the_o individual_a fréeman_n of_o london_n can_v possible_o be_v bind_v by_o this_o judgement_n for_o they_o be_v not_o here_o before_o you_o nor_o be_v they_o
ed._n 3._o which_o i_o mention_v though_o i_o think_v we_o have_v no_o need_n of_o that_o in_o the_o case_n to_o help_v we_o if_o they_o make_v a_o unreasonable_a by-law_n it_o be_v void_a and_o every_o man_n that_o be_v aggrieve_v by_o it_o may_v have_v his_o remedy_n may_v bring_v his_o action_n shall_v you_o supply_v this_o by_o a_o intendment_n that_o they_o have_v such_o a_o relation_n that_o they_o be_v the_o representative_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n that_o they_o have_v a_o power_n to_o forfeit_v the_o corporation_n no_o my_o lord_n by_o law_n they_o be_v part_n of_o the_o corporation_n but_o they_o have_v no_o such_o power_n to_o forfeit_v the_o corporation_n a_o custom_n shall_v never_o be_v construe_v to_o enable_v a_o man_n to_o do_v a_o wrong_n and_o a_o great_a wrong_n it_o be_v that_o they_o that_o be_v trust_v and_o trust_v but_o for_o a_o year_n and_o trust_v but_o for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o corporation_n of_o which_o they_o be_v part_n shall_v give_v up_o the_o be_v or_o what_o be_v worse_o forfeit_v the_o be_v of_o that_o corporation_n the_o custom_n of_o kent_n that_o make_v a_o infant_n capable_a of_o make_v a_o feoffment_n shall_v never_o enable_v a_o infant_n tenant_n in_o tail_n to_o make_v a_o feoffment_n so_o as_o to_o work_v a_o discontinuance_n of_o the_o estate_n tail_n and_o put_v the_o heir_n to_o his_o formedon_n every_o illegal_a act_n of_o they_o be_v beyond_o their_o commission_n and_o a_o nullity_n of_o that_o be_v all_o in_o respect_n of_o themselves_o and_o it_o be_v as_o if_o they_o the_o have_v never_o do_v it_o as_o to_o the_o corporation_n for_o they_o be_v by_o no_o mean_n the_o corporation_n for_o though_o they_o use_v the_o comm_n seal_n in_o some_o case_n at_o some_o time_n so_o do_v the_o court_n of_o alderman_n in_o other_o case_n but_o it_o be_v only_o in_o other_o case_n wherein_o they_o be_v particular_o entrust_v if_o a_o act_n of_o common_a council_n say_v that_o i_o shall_v have_v such_o and_o such_o land_n of_o the_o city_n that_o act_n signify_v nothing_o but_o as_o a_o direction_n and_o advise_v when_o it_o be_v under_o the_o common_a seal_n it_o be_v a_o act_n of_o corporation_n and_o proceed_v by_o advice_n of_o common_a council_n it_o bind_v now_o my_o lord_n this_o be_v the_o more_o unreasonable_a because_o we_o know_v that_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o common_a council_n in_o london_n be_v to_o advise_v for_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n they_o be_v choose_v by_o the_o unfrée-man_n as_o well_o as_o other_o and_o it_o be_v a_o strange_a thing_n that_o they_o shall_v have_v a_o capacity_n to_o give_v away_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o citizen_n when_o they_o be_v choose_v by_o other_o as_o well_o as_o they_o they_o have_v no_o such_o trust_n for_o they_o nay_o all_o trust_n they_o have_v be_v to_o keep_v their_o liberty_n and_o not_o to_o destroy_v they_o have_v any_o man_n a_o trust_n to_o destroy_v himself_o sure_o no_o man_n be_v trust_v by_o god_n himself_o to_o be_v felo_fw-la de_fw-la se_fw-la and_o certain_o then_o you_o can_v never_o understand_v it_o to_o be_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o trust_n to_o destroy_v another_o and_o the_o least_o citizen_n my_o lord_n have_v as_o much_o and_o as_o true_a a_o interest_n in_o the_o corporation_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n as_o the_o great_a and_o therefore_o 250_o if_o they_o have_v be_v much_o the_o great_a number_n of_o the_o citizen_n will_v signify_v nothing_o to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n my_o lord_n i_o shall_v only_o say_v this_o little_a more_o here_o be_v no_o crime_n charge_v relate_v to_o they_o as_o a_o corporation_n here_o be_v indeed_o a_o fine_a word_n use_v that_o we_o do_v this_o contra_fw-la fiduciam_fw-la in_o corpore_fw-la politico_fw-la repositam_fw-la but_o all_o this_o be_v but_o a_o imaginary_a trust_n the_o king_n never_o give_v they_o a_o power_n or_o authority_n or_o entrust_v they_o to_o make_v by-law_n that_o be_v unreasonable_a he_o give_v they_o a_o power_n to_o make_v reasonable_a by-law_n and_o so_o he_o do_v every_o corporation_n and_o the_o same_o law_n that_o give_v they_o the_o power_n limit_n that_o power_n and_o say_v if_o they_o go_v beyond_o that_o power_n it_o be_v a_o nullity_n and_o these_o act_n relate_v not_o to_o they_o as_o a_o corporation_n the_o petition_n be_v not_o so_o much_o as_o say_v to_o be_v against_o any_o trust_n repose_v in_o the_o corporation_n certain_o there_o never_o be_v any_o such_o trust_n do_v ever_o the_o king_n entrust_v they_o to_o advise_v he_o about_o the_o matter_n contain_v in_o the_o petition_n and_o if_o not_o then_o it_o be_v not_o contra_fw-la fiduciam_fw-la therefore_o it_o relate_v to_o particular_a person_n if_o it_o be_v a_o offence_n i_o hope_v it_o be_v none_o of_o the_o corporation_n but_o then_o the_o levy_n of_o money_n that_o be_v contra_fw-la fiduciam_fw-la they_o take_v upon_o they_o a_o illegal_a and_o unjust_a power_n in_o the_o common_a council_n suppose_v it_o so_o how_o do_v this_o belong_v to_o the_o corporation_n it_o be_v a_o encroachment_n upon_o property_n it_o be_v the_o most_o arbitrary_a thing_n in_o the_o world_n whether_o they_o have_v the_o market_n and_o the_o dominion_n of_o it_o or_o not_o be_v matter_n of_o fact_n and_o be_v plead_v be_v confess_v by_o the_o demurrer_n and_o then_o for_o the_o power_n of_o make_v by-law_n that_o be_v a_o thing_n that_o can_v possible_o be_v take_v from_o they_o while_o they_o be_v a_o corporation_n it_o be_v that_o which_o must_v be_v in_o they_o as_o a_o corporation_n like_o the_o faculty_n of_o reason_n in_o a_o man_n to_o express_v his_o resolution_n by_o and_o it_o be_v no_o more_o than_o if_o a_o man_n that_o have_v a_o market_n bid_v his_o servant_n go_v and_o remove_v such_o as_o have_v stall_n there_o unless_o they_o will_v pay_v so_o much_o that_o direction_n be_v as_o good_a a_o law_n as_o this_o and_o as_o bad_a a_o law_n as_o this_o and_o no_o more_o there_o be_v nothing_o else_o in_o it_o but_o the_o direction_n of_o the_o officer_n what_o they_o shall_v do_v in_o the_o order_n of_o the_o market_n and_o dispose_v of_o the_o city_n property_n then_o as_o to_o the_o former_a method_n of_o express_v themselves_o whether_o it_o be_v by_o act_n of_o common_a council_n or_o under_o the_o common_a seal_n or_o by_o their_o natural_a voice_n it_o be_v all_o one_o it_o be_v not_o a_o thing_n that_o concern_v they_o as_o a_o body_n politic_n but_o if_o it_o be_v illegal_a and_o mistake_v i_o say_v the_o penalty_n be_v only_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v void_a what_o the_o common_a council_n nay_o what_o the_o corporation_n do_v within_o the_o limit_n of_o its_o authority_n be_v good_a what_o beyond_o that_o it_o do_v be_v void_a if_o i_o command_v my_o servant_n to_o distrain_v for_o rent_n and_o he_o kill_v a_o man_n in_o the_o do_n of_o it_o this_o as_o to_o i_o be_v void_a but_o as_o to_o himself_o that_o be_v chargeable_a upon_o he_o and_o what_o i_o say_v of_o the_o common_a council_n i_o say_v of_o the_o corporation_n itself_o that_o it_o be_v a_o capacity_n and_o a_o limit_a capacity_n it_o be_v the_o act_n of_o the_o member_n not_o of_o the_o corporation_n if_o they_o do_v wrong_v the_o common_a council_n can_v act_v for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o city_n and_o the_o city_n can_v do_v no_o more_o if_o they_o themselves_o shall_v meet_v crook_n eliz._n fol._n 85._o the_o queen_n make_v a_o lease_n for_o year_n of_o land_n to_o the_o man_n of_o chesterfield_n by_o the_o name_n of_o alderman_n and_o they_o by_o that_o name_n grant_v all_o their_o interest_n to_o clerk_n say_v that_o book_n this_o be_v void_a for_o the_o queen_n grant_v they_o a_o lease_n as_o to_o the_o alderman_n of_o chesterfield_n this_o make_v they_o a_o corporation_n and_o give_v they_o a_o capacity_n to_o take_v but_o not_o to_o grant_v and_o so_o roll_v abr._n 1_o p._n 513._o and_o therefore_o no_o corporation_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v as_o a_o corporation_n but_o only_o when_o it_o act_v according_a to_o the_o capacity_n allow_v to_o it_o and_o as_o to_o the_o rest_n it_o all_o turn_n into_o their_o private_a capacity_n but_o it_o affect_v not_o the_o body_n nor_o have_v any_o such_o relation_n as_o to_o bind_v it_o my_o lord_n all_z the_o question_n here_o be_v whether_o there_o shall_v be_v such_o a_o person_n in_o esse_fw-la as_o this_o corporation_n whether_o the_o city_n of_o london_n shall_v subsist_v as_o such_o a_o person_n to_o sue_v and_o be_v sue_v to_o plead_v and_o be_v emplead_v there_o be_v nothing_o of_o government_n or_o misgovernment_n in_o the_o case_n but_o it_o be_v all_o about_o our_o capacity_n and_o nothing_o else_o whether_o we_o shall_v be_v
be_v by_o wave_v or_o relinquish_a one_o and_o choose_v the_o other_o and_o therefore_o not_o to_o have_v or_o use_v all_o together_o and_o at_o once_o as_o be_v do_v in_o this_o case_n the_o king_n shall_v be_v bind_v by_o one_o issue_n 5._o 9_o h._n 4._o 5._o he_o shall_v not_o have_v divers_a so_o that_o as_o this_o replication_n be_v at_o the_o same_o time_n simul_fw-la &_o semel_fw-la to_o the_o same_o matter_n to_o take_v issue_n that_o we_o be_v not_o a_o corporation_n time_n out_o of_o mind_n and_o to_o plead_v two_o matter_n of_o fact_n for_o forfeiture_n be_v the_o first_o attempt_n that_o ever_o be_v of_o this_o kind_n and_o in_o its_o consequence_n confound_v the_o right_a of_o the_o subject_a and_o leave_v he_o perhaps_o only_o but_o a_o colour_n of_o law_n but_o most_o difficult_a if_o not_o impossible_a by_o it_o to_o be_v defend_v let_v his_o right_n be_v what_o it_o will_v if_o issue_n and_o plea_n without_o number_n may_v be_v by_o the_o king_n attorney_n join_v and_o plead_v and_o the_o subject_n must_v answer_v the_o very_a charge_n beside_o will_v undo_v the_o subject_a and_o wrest_v he_o out_o of_o his_o estate_n by_o the_o law_n that_o shall_v preserve_v he_o this_o point_n if_o i_o mistake_v not_o will_v deserve_v consideration_n if_o it_o be_v new_a and_o the_o first_o project_n for_o so_o i_o beg_v leave_n to_o call_v it_o of_o its_o kind_n for_o i_o know_v no_o book_n or_o instance_n of_o the_o like_a unwarrantable_a by_o old_a law_n and_o rule_n of_o plead_v the_o old_a law_n and_o way_n be_v good_a and_o safe_a evento_n varios_fw-la res_fw-la nova_fw-la semper_fw-la habet_fw-la perhaps_o the_o consequence_n and_o mischief_n attend_v this_o way_n of_o join_v issue_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n plead_v over_o as_o many_o plea_n as_o mr._n attorney_n please_v be_v as_o great_a as_o any_o other_o in_o this_o case_n and_o not_o less_o to_o be_v mind_v or_o regard_v as_o of_o the_o one_o side_n great_a be_v the_o king_n prerogative_n and_o most_o necessary_a to_o be_v preserve_v and_o maintain_v so_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o that_o the_o law_n have_v set_v limit_n and_o bound_n which_o must_v be_v keep_v and_o observe_v in_o plead_v which_o be_v the_o method_n and_o mean_a of_o preserve_v and_o determine_v right_n without_o which_o no_o man_n can_v be_v preserve_v by_o the_o law_n but_o suppose_v that_o several_a cause_n or_o forfeiture_n may_v be_v assign_v yet_o they_o must_v be_v all_o fact_n do_v at_o the_o same_o time_n or_o they_o confound_v one_o the_o other_o for_o if_o the_o first_o fact_n be_v a_o forfeiture_n thereby_o the_o corporation_n be_v determine_v and_o at_o a_o end_n and_o the_o subsequent_a can_v not_o be_v the_o act_n of_o the_o true_a lawful_a corporation_n for_o that_o be_v forfeit_v determine_v and_o go_v by_o the_o precedent_a forfeiture_n and_o if_o so_o that_o it_o be_v forfeit_v and_o go_v by_o the_o precedent_a act_n viz._n the_o make_v the_o ordinance_n septemb_n 17._o 26_o c._n 2._o then_o how_o can_v it_o act_v and_o forfeit_v itself_o six_o year_n after_o in_o the_o year_n thirty_o two_o this_o seem_v impossible_a but_o to_o avoid_v this_o mr._n attorney_n in_o his_o argument_n do_v hold_v that_o though_o the_o act_n be_v a_o forfeiture_n yet_o till_o there_o be_v a_o judgement_n or_o something_o on_o record_n to_o determine_v the_o corporation_n and_o in_o this_o case_n the_o judgement_n to_o be_v give_v shall_v do_v that_o work_n till_o such_o judgement_n the_o corporation_n remain_v then_o take_v it_o as_o mr._n attorney_n will_v have_v it_o and_o as_o the_o truth_n be_v suppose_v a_o forfeiture_n until_o that_o forfeiture_n appear_v on_o record_n or_o that_o there_o be_v some_o office_n or_o inquisition_n that_o find_v it_o and_o that_o return_v and_o on_o record_n be_v it_o of_o any_o estate_n in_o land_n tenement_n hereditament_n or_o office_n it_o be_v not_o determine_v or_o vest_v in_o the_o king_n but_z continues_z this_o be_v quite_o contrary_a and_o contradictory_n to_o all_o that_o you_o have_v do_v and_o the_o very_a foundation_n of_o this_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la for_o if_o you_o admit_v as_o than_o you_o do_v that_o the_o forfeiture_n ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la do_v not_o determine_v but_o that_o it_o must_v be_v this_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la or_o judgement_n upon_o it_o that_o must_v determine_v the_o corporation_n and_o that_o the_o corporation_n notwithstanding_o such_o act_n be_v or_o be_v in_o be_v then_o they_o have_v not_o usurp_v upon_o the_o king_n they_o be_v the_o same_o corporation_n they_o be_v they_o have_v the_o same_o power_n to_o act_n they_o have_v they_o have_v the_o same_o warrant_n and_o right_o they_o have_v only_o subject_a to_o a_o judgement_n against_o they_o that_o may_v be_v give_v hereafter_o for_o a_o fact_n already_o past_a for_o since_o that_o a_o usurpation_n be_v a_o sortious_a and_o wrongful_a use_v a_o liberty_n or_o franchise_n upon_o the_o king_n without_o lawful_a authority_n then_o suppose_v such_o a_o act_n of_o forfeiture_n do_v not_o ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la determine_v or_o dissolve_v but_o a_o judgement_n or_o some_o other_o act_n of_o record_n must_v first_o be_v have_v before_o such_o dissolution_n then_o till_o such_o judgement_n or_o act_n of_o record_n they_o be_v lawful_o a_o corporation_n in_o be_v and_o their_o lawful_a warrant_n remain_v and_o they_o do_v not_o nor_o can_v so_o long_o usurp_v their_o be_v and_o then_o hereby_o be_v your_o own_o information_n destroy_v and_o abate_v for_o there_o you_o say_v that_o they_o do_v by_o the_o space_n of_o a_o month_n without_o any_o warrant_n use_v and_o usurp_v the_o liberty_n to_o be_v a_o corporation_n but_o hereby_o you_o grant_v that_o it_o be_v not_o use_v unlawful_o nor_o usurp_v but_o notwithstanding_o the_o forfeiture_n the_o corporation_n lawful_o continue_v unless_o there_o have_v be_v some_o judgement_n or_o other_o act_n on_o record_n to_o determine_v it_o this_o i_o rest_v upon_o as_o impossible_a to_o be_v avoid_v be_v it_o possible_a that_o a_o corporation_n or_o body_n politic_a can_v at_o the_o same_o time_n be_v lawful_o and_o rightful_o such_o and_o not_o lawful_o and_o rightful_o such_o can_v right_a and_o wrong_n be_v the_o same_o can_v the_o same_o thing_n rightful_o be_v or_o have_v its_o be_v and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n not_o rightful_o be_v or_o have_v its_o be_v can_v we_o possible_o be_v at_o the_o same_o time_n viz._n the_o time_n mention_v in_o the_o information_n a_o lawful_a corporation_n and_o yet_o a_o usurp_a or_o unlawful_a corporation_n can_v we_o then_o have_v a_o lawful_a and_o rightful_a authority_n to_o be_v a_o corporation_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n have_v no_o lawful_a or_o rightful_a authority_n to_o be_v so_o these_o seem_v to_o be_v contradiction_n and_o if_o so_o be_v the_o most_o difficult_a of_o all_o thing_n to_o be_v believe_v or_o impose_v therefore_o to_o be_v plain_a in_o this_o matter_n either_o tell_v we_o that_o we_o be_v yet_o till_o judgement_n a_o corporation_n or_o body_n politic_a lawful_o and_o rightful_o or_o not_o if_o you_o say_v we_o be_v then_o as_o yet_o we_o be_v no_o unlawful_a corporation_n nor_o have_v usurp_v to_o be_v one_o as_o in_o your_o information_n and_o replication_n you_o have_v allege_v we_o have_v not_o then_o unlawful_o take_v upon_o we_o to_o be_v a_o corporation_n and_o therefore_o can_v have_v judgement_n against_o we_o or_o be_v fine_v for_o have_v or_o be_v that_o which_o we_o lawful_o have_v or_o be_v as_o you_o now_o admit_v we_o be_v consequent_o you_o must_v go_v some_o other_o way_n you_o have_v destroy_v your_o own_o information_n and_o can_v have_v no_o judgement_n upon_o it_o but_o perhaps_o this_o concession_n of_o mr._n attorney_n that_o the_o old_a and_o lawful_a corporation_n and_o body_n politic_a be_v still_o in_o be_v and_o shall_v so_o continue_v till_o by_o judgement_n or_o matter_n on_o record_n determine_v may_v only_o be_v some_o sudden_a thought_n for_o not_o only_o the_o matter_n but_o the_o whole_a proceed_n in_o this_o suit_n be_v at_o least_o unexperienced_a and_o perhaps_o much_o out_o of_o practice_n it_o may_v easy_o happen_v that_o in_o a_o hasty_a proceed_n all_o thing_n may_v not_o be_v think_v on_o nor_o all_o the_o objection_n or_o inconvenience_n foresee_v and_o perhaps_o the_o consequence_n of_o the_o position_n that_o a_o miscarriage_n or_o do_v a_o unlawful_a act_n shall_v ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la forfeit_v the_o body_n politic_a or_o corporation_n may_v make_v a_o man_n start_v and_o cast_v about_o how_o to_o avoid_v it_o and_o fly_v from_o one_o danger_n run_v into_o another_o these_o be_v thing_n ordinary_o happen_v and_o perhaps_o have_v in_o this_o case_n happen_v and_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o confession_n that_o the_o old_a
and_o lawful_a corporation_n be_v yet_o in_o be_v which_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o whole_a frame_n and_o scope_n of_o both_o the_o information_n and_o replication_n and_o probable_o never_o think_v on_o or_o intend_v when_o the_o information_n or_o replication_n be_v make_v be_v quite_o contrary_a and_o inconsistent_a with_o the_o frame_n and_o foundation_n of_o they_o both_o if_o it_o be_v hold_v according_a to_o this_o concession_n that_o the_o old_a and_o lawful_a corporation_n be_v not_o by_o the_o suppose_a act_n of_o forfeiture_n dissolve_v and_o determine_v ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la but_o remain_v and_o continue_v lawful_o a_o corporation_n and_o yet_o be_v so_o then_o we_o have_v not_o usurp_v but_o be_v a_o lawful_a corporation_n during_o the_o time_n in_o the_o information_n and_o not_o as_o therein_o suppose_v by_o usurpation_n and_o without_o lawful_a authority_n and_o thereby_o the_o information_n confound_v and_o abate_v but_o suppose_v according_a to_o what_o the_o information_n and_o replication_n suppose_v that_o the_o act_n of_o forfeiture_n do_v ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la dissolve_v and_o determine_v the_o corporation_n for_o they_o will_v at_o last_o i_o doubt_v come_v to_o that_o again_o for_o this_o present_a thought_n that_o it_o shall_v be_v forfeit_a but_o not_o dissolve_v or_o determine_v till_o judgement_n will_v be_v subject_a to_o almost_o all_o the_o same_o inconvenience_n for_o when_o judgement_n give_v the_o forfeiture_n must_v relate_v to_o the_o time_n of_o offence_n and_o to_o avoid_v all_o mean_a act_n as_o in_o other_o case_n it_o do_v but_o to_o pass_v over_o 3._o suppose_v the_o information_n good_a the_o replication_n good_a and_o the_o matter_n allege_v for_o forfeiture_n to_o be_v as_o in_o the_o replication_n allege_v the_o next_o thing_n i_o pray_v leave_n to_o speak_v unto_o be_v whether_o the_o matter_n allege_v in_o the_o rejoynder_n be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o justify_v or_o excuse_v the_o two_o fact_n allege_v for_o cause_n of_o forfeiture_n i_o conceive_v they_o be_v the_o plead_n here_o must_v first_o be_v state_v 1._o as_o to_o the_o ordinance_n or_o by-law_n for_o the_o toll_n in_o the_o market_n as_o to_o that_o the_o defendant_n in_o their_o rejoinder_n have_v allege_v that_o the_o city_n of_o london_n be_v and_o be_v always_o the_o capital_a and_o most_o populous_a city_n of_o the_o kingdom_n that_o there_o be_v and_o always_o have_v be_v great_a public_a market_n within_o the_o say_a city_n that_o the_o mayor_n commonalty_n and_o citizen_n be_v and_o always_o have_v be_v seize_v of_o those_o market_n in_o their_o demesne_n as_o of_o fee_n and_o at_o their_o own_o proper_a charge_n provide_v market-place_n stall_n stand_n and_o other_o accommodation_n for_o person_n come_v to_o those_o market_n and_o overséer_v and_o officer_n for_o better_a regulation_n and_o keep_v good_a order_n and_o cleanse_v the_o same_o that_o for_o defray_v those_o charge_n they_o have_v and_o always_o have_v and_o receive_v divers_a reasonable_a toll_n rate_n or_o sum_n of_o money_n of_o all_o person_n to_o those_o market_n come_v for_o stall_n stand_v and_o other_o accommodation_n by_o they_o have_v for_o expose_v to_o sale_n their_o victual_n and_o provision_n in_o those_o market_n that_o the_o fréeman_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n be_v numerous_a above_o fifty_o thousand_o that_o there_o have_v be_v time_n out_o of_o mind_n a_o common-council_n consist_v of_o the_o mayor_n aldermen_z and_o certain_a fréeman_n annual_o elect_v not_o exceed_a the_o number_n of_o two_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o call_v the_o commons_o that_o there_o be_v a_o custom_n within_o the_o city_n that_o the_o common-council_n make_v by-law_n and_o ordinance_n for_o the_o better_a regulation_n and_o government_n of_o the_o public_a market_n and_o for_o the_o appoint_v convenient_a place_n and_o time_n when_o and_o where_o within_o the_o city_n the_o market_n shall_v be_v keep_v and_o for_o the_o assess_n and_o reduce_v to_o certainty_n reasonable_a toll_v rate_n or_o sum_n of_o money_n to_o be_v pay_v by_o person_n come_v to_o the_o same_o market_n for_o their_o stall_n station_n and_o other_o accommodation_n by_o they_o have_v for_o expose_v to_o sale_n their_o victual_n as_o often_o as_o and_o when_o to_o they_o shall_v be_v think_v expedient_a so_o as_o their_o ordinance_n be_v useful_a to_o the_o king_n and_o his_o people_n consonant_n to_o reason_n and_o not_o contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n that_o this_o custom_n be_v confirm_v by_o mag._n char._n stat._n 1._o e._n 3._o stat._n 7._o r._n 2._o that_o after_o the_o burn_a and_o rebuilding_n london_n and_o the_o alteration_n thereby_o make_v controversy_n do_v arise_v within_o the_o city_n concern_v the_o market_n and_o the_o toll_v that_o thereupon_o sir_n william_n hooker_n than_o mayor_n and_o the_o alderman_n and_o commons_o in_o common-council_n assemble_v do_v make_v a_o ordinance_n entitle_v a_o act_n for_o the_o settlement_n and_o well_o order_v the_o several_a public_a market_n within_o the_o city_n by_o which_o recite_v that_o whereas_o for_o accommodation_n of_o market-people_n with_o stall_n and_o necessary_n for_o their_o stand_n for_o cleanse_v and_o pave_v the_o same_o for_o defray_v incident_a charge_n about_o the_o same_o reasonable_a rate_n have_v always_o be_v pay_v to_o the_o end_n the_o rate_n to_o be_v pay_v may_v be_v ascertain_v that_o the_o market-people_n may_v know_v what_o to_o pay_v and_o the_o officer_n what_o to_o take_v to_o avoid_v extortion_n it_o be_v order_v there_o shall_v be_v pay_v by_o the_o market-people_n for_o their_o stall_n stand_n and_o accommodation_n in_o the_o market_n for_o every_o horseload_n of_o provision_n under_o public_a shelter_n 2_o d._n a_o day_n for_o every_o dosser_n 1_o d._n a_o day_n for_o every_o cartload_n draw_v with_o not_o above_o three_o horse_n 3_o d._n a_o day_n with_o more_o horse_n 4_o d._n a_o day_n and_o upon_o refusal_n to_o pay_v to_o be_v remove_v then_o they_o aver_v that_o these_o rate_n be_v reasonable_a that_o they_o be_v all_o the_o rate_n that_o be_v pay_v by_o such_o market-people_n to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o city_n that_o these_o rate_n they_o have_v receive_v since_o the_o make_v these_o ordinance_n that_o there_o be_v no_o other_o ordinance_n for_o raise_v money_n for_o such_o provision_n expose_v to_o sale_n in_o their_o market_n in_o any_o manner_n make_v to_o this_o rejoinder_n mr._n attorney_n have_v sur-rejoyned_n and_o take_v it_o by_o protestation_n that_o the_o city_n be_v not_o seize_v of_o the_o market_n nor_o at_o their_o own_o cost_v provide_v stall_n and_o other_o accommodation_n and_o that_o the_o rate_n by_o the_o ordinance_n appoint_v be_v not_o reasonable_a for_o plea_n set_v forth_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n make_v 22_o car._n 2._o enact_v that_o to_o the_o end_n apt_a and_o convenient_a place_n within_o the_o city_n shall_v be_v put_v out_o for_o building_n and_o keep_v the_o market_n and_o that_o the_o royal_a exchange_n old-bailey_n and_o common_a gaol_n and_o prison_n within_o the_o city_n shall_v be_v make_v more_o commodious_a for_o the_o enable_v the_o city_n to_o do_v these_o thing_n they_o shall_v have_v a_o duty_n out_o of_o coal_n import_v betwixt_o may_n 1670._o and_o mich._n 1687._o into_o the_o port_n of_o london_n 12_o d._n per_fw-la cauldron_n which_o duty_n they_o have_v according_o receive_v amount_v to_o a_o great_a sum_n and_o notwithstanding_o that_o duty_n without_o title_n or_o right_n the_o defendant_n make_v the_o by-law_n for_o their_o private_a gain_n absque_fw-la hoc_fw-la that_o the_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o citizen_n have_v time_n out_o of_o mind_n have_v or_o accustom_a to_o have_v tolneta_fw-la ratas_fw-la sive_fw-la denariorum_fw-la summas_fw-la per_fw-la ipsos_fw-la majorem_fw-la communitatem_fw-la ac_fw-la cives_fw-la civitatis_fw-la predict_v '_o superius_fw-la supposit_a '_o before_o per_fw-la praesat_fw-la '_o legem_fw-la sive_fw-la ordinationem_fw-la predict_v '_o assess_v &_o in_o certitudinem_fw-la reduct_v '_o prout_fw-la per_fw-la placitum_fw-la superius_fw-la rejungend_n '_o supponitur_fw-la the_o defendant_n they_o rebutt_o and_o say_v that_o they_o have_v always_o have_v reasonable_a toll_n rate_n or_o sum_n of_o money_n of_o all_o person_n come_v to_o their_o market_n to_o sell_v their_o provision_n for_o their_o stall_n and_o accommodation_n et_fw-la de_fw-la hoc_fw-la ponit_fw-la se_fw-la super_fw-la patriam_fw-la le_fw-fr attorney_n demur_n upon_o his_o plead_n the_o question_n be_v whether_o the_o matter_n allege_v by_o the_o defendant_n in_o justification_n of_o the_o ordinance_n or_o by-law_n be_v a_o good_a justification_n in_o law_n or_o not_o if_o it_o be_v mr._n attorney_n in_o his_o sur-rejoinder_n have_v give_v no_o answer_n to_o it_o at_o all_o he_o have_v neither_o confess_v it_o nor_o deny_v it_o the_o rejoynder_n say_v that_o the_o defendant_n be_v and_o always_o have_v be_v seize_v of_o the_o market_n in_o fee_n that_o
extravagant_a act_n raise_v sedition_n or_o rebellion_n and_o there_o will_v be_v no_o adequate_a punishment_n to_o their_o miscarriage_n resp_n in_o answer_n to_o this_o reason_n 1._o there_o be_v no_o illegal_a act_n that_o they_o can_v attempt_v or_o commit_v but_o that_o they_o be_v under_o the_o same_o severity_n and_o correction_n of_o law_n as_o any_o other_o the_o king_n subject_n not_o incorporate_v be_v though_o it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o corporation_n itself_o be_v only_o a_o body_n politic_a a_o invisible_a body_n yet_o the_o member_n of_o it_o they_o be_v visible_a if_o they_o as_o member_n of_o that_o corporation_n commit_v or_o do_v any_o ununlawful_a act_n they_o be_v punishable_a for_o it_o in_o their_o own_o private_a capacity_n if_o they_o make_v any_o ordinance_n or_o by-law_n to_o raise_v money_n unlawful_o upon_o any_o of_o their_o member_n or_o other_o the_o by-law_n or_o ordinance_n be_v void_a if_o they_o receive_v or_o collect_v any_o money_n by_o it_o the_o receiver_n and_o collector_n be_v to_o answer_v it_o they_o be_v to_o be_v sue_v as_o any_o other_o subject_a suppose_v a_o lord_n of_o a_o manor_n or_o market_n make_v a_o unlawful_a order_n to_o collect_v or_o take_v money_n from_o his_o tenant_n or_o copyholder_n or_o unreasonable_a toll_n in_o his_o market_n this_o order_n be_v void_a in_o law_n and_o those_o that_o collect_v or_o receive_v any_o money_n by_o it_o be_v answerable_a for_o it_o and_o the_o party_n grieve_v have_v their_o proper_a action_n and_o remedy_n and_o perhaps_o the_o market_n or_o at_o least_o the_o toll_n may_v be_v siese_v or_o forfeit_v for_o this_o miscarriage_n this_o be_v the_o provision_n that_o by_o law_n be_v make_v against_o such_o exaction_n and_o this_o be_v just_a and_o adequate_a &_o reasonable_a and_o if_o a_o corporation_n make_v such_o ordinance_n by-law_n or_o order_n and_o thereby_o there_o be_v the_o same_o receipt_n or_o exaction_n the_o subject_n have_v the_o same_o remedy_n and_o there_o be_v the_o same_o forfeiture_n of_o toll_n or_o market_n as_o in_o case_n of_o any_o natural_a person_n or_o lord_n of_o a_o manor_n and_o the_o provision_n by_o law_n make_v be_v just_a and_o reasonable_a and_o adequate_a in_o this_o case_n of_o the_o corporation_n as_o of_o the_o other_o the_o like_a for_o any_o offence_n that_o can_v be_v commit_v it_o must_v be_v do_v by_o particular_a member_n and_o they_o must_v answer_v for_o it_o and_o this_o be_v no_o new_a opinion_n 21_o e._n 4._o 14._o express_v that_o a_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n or_o other_o body_n politic_a can_v commit_v treason_n although_o all_o the_o commonalty_n do_v commit_v treason_n every_o of_o they_o be_v a_o traitor_n in_o his_o own_o person_n i_o may_v cite_v other_o authority_n to_o this_o purpose_n but_o they_o have_v be_v already_o cite_v by_o mr._n recorder_n in_o his_o argument_n and_o though_o the_o counsel_n for_o the_o king_n will_v make_v these_o book_n to_o be_v but_o some_o slight_a opinion_n yet_o unless_o they_o can_v show_v some_o authority_n book_n or_o case_n to_o the_o contrary_a their_o despise_n or_o little_a value_v what_o they_o can_v find_v no_o answer_n for_o will_v not_o render_v the_o authority_n and_o constant_a opinion_n of_o our_o book_n of_o less_o estéem_v than_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v it_o be_v no_o excuse_n if_o they_o do_v a_o unlawful_a act_n that_o they_o be_v member_n of_o a_o corporation_n or_o do_v it_o as_o a_o corporation_n no_o body_n can_v say_v this_o will_v excuse_v they_o so_o that_o notwithstanding_o their_o be_v a_o corporation_n they_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o law_n be_v the_o offence_n treason_n sedition_n or_o any_o other_o crime_n or_o offence_n as_o any_o other_o the_o king_n subject_n be_v every_o particular_a member_n that_o act_v or_o commit_v that_o offence_n be_v answerable_a to_o the_o law_n for_o it_o the_o particular_a member_n that_o commit_v the_o unlawful_a act_n and_o all_o that_o act_n under_o their_o authority_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o same_o law_n as_o all_o other_o the_o king_n subject_n and_o therefore_o this_o reason_n that_o else_o there_o will_v be_v no_o punishment_n upon_o they_o adequate_a to_o the_o offence_n and_o consequent_o a_o mischief_n and_o inconvenience_n be_v but_o a_o shadow_n and_o nothing_o proportionable_a to_o the_o mischief_n and_o inconvenience_n attend_v the_o position_n of_o a_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o other_o side_n but_o consider_v the_o injustice_n that_o will_v be_v of_o the_o other_o side_n if_o this_o shall_v be_v so_o we_o know_v assembly_n determine_v their_o act_n by_o the_o major_a vote_n and_o great_a struggle_v there_o be_v as_o we_o too_o frequent_o see_v in_o their_o debate_n and_o resolution_n and_o carry_v by_o majority_n of_o one_o or_o two_o vote_n sometime_o by_o surprise_v and_o undue_a management_n sometime_o by_o fear_n and_o terror_n suppose_v a_o evil_a act_n so_o carry_v or_o manage_v be_v it_o reason_n that_o all_o the_o whole_a corporation_n shall_v be_v hereby_o forfeit_a and_o thereby_o all_o other_o man_n to_o who_o they_o owe_v any_o debt_n must_v lose_v they_o and_o the_o many_o interest_n and_o livelyhood_n depend_v upon_o the_o corporation_n the_o custom_n court_n office_n and_o privilege_n belong_v to_o it_o endless_a to_o enumerate_v shall_v all_o be_v undo_v and_o destroy_v obj._n 2._o the_o next_o reason_n that_o have_v be_v give_v be_v that_o it_o be_v a_o general_a rule_n in_o law_n that_o the_o abuse_n or_o misuse_v of_o a_o franchise_n be_v a_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o franchise_n resp_n 2._o this_o be_v true_a in_o the_o sense_n that_o the_o book_n do_v say_v it_o for_o if_o a_o man_n misuse_v or_o abuse_v a_o particular_a franchise_n he_o shall_v forfeit_v that_o particular_a franchise_n but_o he_o shall_v not_o forfeit_v any_o other_o except_o it_o be_v depend_v upon_o and_o incident_a to_o it_o and_o the_o case_n cite_v prove_v nothing_o far_a 34._o 22_o ass_n p._n 34._o br._n fran._n 34._o that_o when_o a_o man_n have_v divers_a franchise_n not_o depend_v one_o upon_o another_o and_o misuse_v one_o franchise_n he_o shall_v not_o thereby_o forfeit_a the_o rest_n but_o only_o that_o which_o he_o misuse_v 43._o 8_o h._n 4._o 18._o rep._n 9_o 96._o b_o 24_o e._n 4._o b_o inst_z 2._o 43._o and_o therefore_o the_o case_n cite_v where_o the_o abbot_n of_o crowland_n and_o the_o abbot_n of_o st._n alban_n have_v franchise_n of_o custody_n of_o gaol_n one_o will_v not_o be_v at_o the_o cost_n of_o a_o commission_n of_o gaol-delivery_n the_o other_o do_v detain_v in_o prison_n after_o legal_a discharge_n and_o fee_n pay_v this_o be_v a_o misuser_n of_o those_o franchise_n and_o forfeiture_n so_o also_o perhaps_o if_o there_o be_v a_o franchise_n that_o have_v incident_n to_o it_o as_o pypowder_n to_o a_o fair_a pillory_n to_o a_o leet_n a_o abuser_n of_o the_o incident_a as_o the_o court_n of_o pypowder_n or_o the_o not_o have_v a_o pillory_n may_v forfeit_v the_o market_n or_o the_o leet_n if_o the_o lord_n of_o a_o market_n take_v outrageous_a toll_n 219._o stat._n west_n 1._o cap._n 31._o inst_z 2._o 219._o he_o shall_v forfeit_v the_o market_n but_o do_v this_o prove_v that_o if_o a_o corporation_n have_v fair_n market_n gaol_n or_o leet_n and_o misuse_v any_o of_o they_o that_o the_o body_n politic_a the_o corporation_n shall_v be_v forfeit_a if_o this_o be_v so_o the_o abbat_n they_o be_v corporation_n in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o abbot_n of_o st._n alban_n and_o crowland_n shall_v have_v forfeit_v not_o only_o the_o liberty_n of_o have_v gaol_n but_o the_o very_a corporation_n or_o body_n politic_a of_o be_v abbat_n a_o conceit_n never_o yet_o imagine_v can_v you_o say_v the_o city_n of_o london_n be_v either_o dependent_a or_o incident_a to_o the_o market_n or_o the_o contrary_a that_o the_o market_n be_v incident_a or_o dependent_a upon_o the_o corporation_n that_o they_o can_v be_v one_o without_o the_o other_o can_v this_o be_v say_v if_o this_o can_v be_v say_v with_o reason_n how_o can_v then_o the_o take_v these_o toll_v admit_v they_o be_v outrageous_a and_o a_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o market_n forfeit_v the_o corporation_n the_o make_v the_o ordinance_n suppose_v they_o make_v it_o be_v but_o the_o mean_a by_o which_o they_o take_v it_o your_o book_n only_o prove_v the_o abuse_n of_o a_o franchise_n a_o forfeiture_n of_o that_o franchise_n or_o incident_n to_o it_o and_o no_o other_o but_o the_o inference_n in_o this_o case_n be_v not_o the_o forfeiture_n of_o that_o particular_a franchise_n but_o of_o the_o be_v of_o the_o corporation_n that_o own_v the_o franchise_n which_o be_v a_o plain_a non_fw-la sequitur_fw-la unless_o you_o say_v the_o corporation_n be_v incident_a to_o the_o market_n argument_n from_o general_a rule_n be_v the_o most_o fallible_a especial_o in_o law_n and_o