Selected quad for the lemma: authority_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
authority_n	act_n	lord_n	parliament_n	3,398	5	6.7706	4	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A32827	A discourse about trade wherein the reduction of interest in money to 4 l. per centum, is recommended : methods for the employment and maintenance of the poor are proposed : several weighty points relating to companies of merchants, the act of navigation, naturalization of strangers, our woollen manufactures, the ballance of trade, and the nature of plantations, and their consequences in relation to the kingdom are seriously discussed : and some arguments for erecting a court of merchants for determining controversies, relating to maritime affairs, and for a law for transferrance of bills of debts, are humbly offered.	Child, Josiah, Sir, 1630-1699.; Culpeper, Thomas, Sir, 1578-1662. Small treatise against usury.	1690 (1690)	Wing C3853; ESTC R8738	119,342	350

to_o impose_v upon_o his_o country_n and_o now_o that_o our_o interest_n be_v at_o 6_o per_fw-la cent_n as_o the_o same_o worthy_a author_n do_v wise_o foresee_v i_o appeal_v to_o the_o judgement_n and_o experience_n of_o my_o country_n man_n whether_o the_o genuine_a price_n of_o our_o land_n in_o england_n now_o will_v not_o be_v 20_o year_n purchase_v be_v it_o not_o for_o accidental_a pressure_n under_o which_o it_o labour_v at_o present_a such_o as_o these_o 1._o our_o late_a great_a land_n tax_n 2._o and_o principal_o the_o late_a great_a improvement_n of_o ireland_n mention_v in_o my_o former_a treatise_n the_o consequence_n whereof_o be_v that_o that_o country_n now_o supply_v foreign_a market_n as_o well_o as_o our_o own_o plantation_n in_o america_n with_o beef_n pork_n hides_n tallow_n bread_n beer_n wool_n and_o corn_n at_o cheap_a rate_n than_o we_o can_v afford_v to_o the_o beat_v we_o out_o of_o those_o trade_n whereas_o former_o viz._n present_o after_o the_o late_a irish_a war_n many_o man_n get_v good_a estate_n by_o transport_v english_a cattle_n thither_o and_o that_o the_o improvement_n of_o ireland_n be_v the_o principal_a cause_n why_o our_o land_n in_o purchase_n rise_v not_o as_o natural_o they_o shall_v with_o the_o fall_n of_o our_o interest_n appear_v evident_o from_o the_o effect_n the_o fall_n of_o interest_n have_v have_v upon_o house_n in_o london_n where_o the_o growth_n of_o ireland_n can_v have_v no_o such_o destructive_a influence_n which_o have_v be_v so_o considerable_a that_o whosoever_o will_v please_v to_o inform_v themselves_o by_o old_a scrivener_n or_o ancient_a deed_n shall_v find_v that_o a_o house_n in_o london_n about_o fifty_o year_n past_a that_o will_v sell_v but_o for_o 300_o l._n at_o most_o will_v ready_o sell_v within_o a_o short_a time_n af●er_o interest_n be_v bring_v to_o 8_o per_fw-la cent_n at_o 5_o or_o 600_o l._n and_o the_o same_o house_n to_o be_v sell_v sometime_o after_o interest_n be_v bring_v to_o 6_o per_fw-la cent_n viz._n before_o and_o after_o the_o late_a dutch_a war_n will_v have_v yield_v without_o scruple_n 1000_o or_o 1200_o l._n the_o abatement_n of_o interest_n have_v have_v a_o double_a effect_n upon_o house_n by_o increase_a trade_n and_o consequent_o raise_v rent_n as_o well_o as_o increase_n the_o number_n of_o year_n purchase_v 3._o a_o three_o reason_n why_o land_n do_v not_o at_o present_a bear_v a_o exact_a proportion_n to_o 6_o per_fw-la cent_n which_o shall_v natural_o be_v twenty_o year_n be_v the_o late_a plague_n which_o do_v much_o depopulate_v this_o kingdom_n 4._o the_o late_a fire_n in_o london_n which_o have_v engage_v man_n in_o building_n in_o the_o city_n who_o otherwise_o will_v have_v be_v purchase_v in_o the_o country_n 5._o the_o unusual_a plenty_n of_o corn_n which_o have_v be_v for_o these_o three_o or_o four_o year_n pass_v in_o most_o part_n of_o christendom_n the_o like_a whereof_o have_v be_v seldom_o know_v it_o happen_v most_o common_o that_o when_o one_o country_n have_v have_v great_a plenty_n other_o have_v have_v great_a scarcity_n 6._o the_o rack_a up_o of_o rent_n in_o the_o year_n 1651._o and_o 1652._o which_o be_v present_o after_o the_o last_o abatement_n of_o interest_n a_o seven_o accidental_a reason_n why_o land_n do_v not_o sell_v at_o present_a at_o the_o rate_n it_o natural_o shall_v in_o proportion_n to_o the_o legal_a interest_n be_v that_o innovate_v practice_n of_o banker_n in_o london_n which_o have_v more_o effect_n attend_v it_o then_o most_o i_o converse_v with_o have_v yet_o observe_v but_o i_o shall_v here_o take_v notice_n of_o that_o only_a which_o be_v to_o my_o present_a purpose_n viz._n the_o gentleman_n that_o be_v banker_n have_v a_o large_a interest_n from_o his_o majesty_n for_o what_o they_o advance_v upon_o his_o majesty_n revenue_n can_v afford_v to_o give_v the_o full_a legal_a interest_n to_o all_o person_n that_o put_v money_n into_o their_o hand_n though_o for_o never_o so_o short_a or_o long_o a_o time_n which_o make_v the_o trade_n of_o usury_n so_o easy_a and_o hitherto_o safe_a that_o few_o after_o have_v find_v the_o sweetness_n of_o this_o lazy_a way_n of_o improvement_n be_v by_o continuance_n and_o success_n grow_v to_o fancy_n themselves_o secure_a in_o it_o can_v be_v lead_v there_o be_v neither_o ease_n nor_o profit_n to_o invite_v they_o to_o lay_v out_o their_o money_n in_o land_n though_o at_o 15_o year_n purchase_v whereas_o before_o this_o way_n of_o private_a banker_a come_n up_o man_n that_o have_v money_n be_v force_v ofttimes_o to_o let_v it_o lie_v dead_a by_o they_o until_o they_o can_v meet_v with_o security_n to_o their_o mind_n and_o if_o the_o like_a necessity_n be_v now_o of_o money_n lie_v dead_a the_o loss_n of_o use_n for_o the_o dead_a time_n be_v deduct_v from_o the_o profit_n of_o 6_o l._n per_fw-la cent_z communibus_fw-la annis_fw-la will_v in_o effect_n take_v off_o 1_o l._n per_fw-la cent_z per_fw-la annum_fw-la of_o the_o profit_n of_o usury_n and_o consequent_o incline_v man_n more_o to_o purchase_v land_n in_o regard_n the_o difference_n between_o usury_n and_o purchase_n will_v not_o in_o point_n of_o profit_n be_v so_o great_a as_o now_o it_o be_v this_o new_a invention_n of_o cashcire_v have_v in_o my_o opinion_n clear_o better_v the_o usurer_n trade_n 1_o or_o 2_o per_fw-la cent_z per_fw-la annum_fw-la and_o that_o this_o way_n of_o leave_v money_n with_o goldsmith_n have_v have_v the_o aforesaid_a effect_n seem_v evident_a to_o i_o from_o the_o scarcity_n it_o make_v of_o money_n in_o the_o country_n for_o the_o trade_n of_o banker_n be_v only_o in_o london_n do_v very_o much_o drain_v the_o ready_a money_n from_o all_o other_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o second_o point_n i_o be_o to_o prove_v be_v that_o it_o will_v advance_v the_o rent_n of_o farm_n to_o prove_v that_o it_o do_v so_o in_o fact_n depend_v on_o memory_n and_o for_o my_o own_o part_n i_o and_o most_o other_o i_o converse_v with_o do_v perfect_o remember_v that_o rent_n do_v general_o rise_v after_o the_o late_a abatement_n of_o interest_n viz._n in_o the_o year_n 1651._o and_o 1652._o the_o reason_n why_o they_o do_v so_o be_v from_o the_o encouragement_n which_o that_o abatement_n of_o interest_n give_v to_o landlord_n and_o tenant_n to_o improve_v by_o draining_n marling_n lime_a etc._n etc._n excellent_o make_v out_o by_o the_o aforesaid_a two_o worthy_a author_n so_o that_o i_o do_v i_o think_v with_o good_a reason_n conclude_v that_o the_o present_a fall_n of_o rent_n be_v not_o natural_a but_o accidental_a and_o to_o be_v ascribe_v principal_o to_o the_o foregoing_a reason_n give_v for_o the_o present_a abatement_n of_o land_n in_o purchase_n and_o especial_o to_o the_o late_a improvement_n of_o ireland_n the_o three_o thing_n i_o be_o to_o prove_v be_v that_o the_o abatement_n of_o interest_n will_v increase_v the_o bulk_n of_o foreign_a trade_n which_o i_o do_v thus_o by_o evidence_n of_o fact_n it_o have_v be_v so_o in_o england_n the_o increase_n of_o our_o trade_n have_v always_o follow_v the_o abatement_n of_o our_o interest_n by_o law_n i_o say_v not_o precede_v but_o follow_v it_o and_o the_o cause_n do_v always_o go_v before_o the_o effect_n which_o i_o think_v i_o have_v evident_o demonstrate_v in_o my_o former_a treatise_n if_o any_o doubt_n of_o this_o and_o will_v be_v at_o the_o pain_n to_o examine_v the_o custom-house_n book_n they_o may_v soon_o be_v resolve_v 2._o by_o authority_n not_o only_o of_o that_o ancient_a gentleman_n sir_n thomas_n culpepper_n in_o his_o second_o treatise_n and_o therein_o of_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o french_a king_n and_o court_n in_o a_o edict_n there_o recite_v but_o likewise_o of_o a_o parliament_n of_o england_n king_n lord_n &_o commons_o in_o the_o act_n for_o reduce_v it_o to_o 6_o per_fw-mi cent_z in_o the_o preamble_n whereof_o be_v these_o word_n viz._n forasmuch_o as_o the_o abatement_n of_o interest_n from_o 10_o in_o the_o hundred_o in_o former_a time_n have_v be_v find_v by_o notable_a experience_n beneficial_a to_o the_o advancement_n of_o trade_n and_o improvement_n of_o land_n by_o good_a husbandry_n with_o many_o other_o considerable_a advantage_n to_o this_o nation_n especial_o the_o reduce_n of_o it_o to_o a_o near_a proportion_n with_o foreign_a state_n with_o who_o we_o traffic_n and_o whereas_o in_o fresh_a memory_n the_o like_a fall_n from_o 8_o to_o 6_o in_o the_o hundred_o by_o a_o late_a constant_a practice_n have_v find_v the_o like_a success_n to_o the_o general_a contentment_n of_o this_o nation_n as_o be_v visible_a by_o several_a improvement_n etc._n etc._n 3._o by_o necessary_a consequence_n when_o interest_n be_v abate_v they_o who_o call_v in_o their_o money_n must_v either_o buy_v land_n or_o trade_n with_o it_o if_o they_o buy_v land_n the_o many_o

what_o nation_n much_o less_o what_o parish_n they_o be_v of_o question_v 3._o the_o three_o question_n if_o the_o defect_n be_v in_o our_o law_n how_o shall_v we_o find_v a_o remedy_n that_o may_v be_v rational_a and_o consistent_a this_o i_o confess_v be_v a_o hard_a and_o difficult_a question_n it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o ardua_fw-la regni_fw-la and_o may_v very_o well_o deserve_v the_o most_o deliberate_a consideration_n of_o our_o wise_a counsellor_n and_o if_o a_o whole_a session_n of_o parliament_n be_v employ_v on_o this_o singular_a concern_n i_o think_v it_o will_v be_v time_n spend_v as_o much_o to_o the_o glory_n of_o god_n and_o good_a of_o this_o nation_n as_o in_o any_o thing_n that_o noble_a and_o worthy_a patriot_n of_o their_o country_n can_v be_v engage_v in_o but_o see_v i_o have_v adventure_v thus_o far_o i_o shall_v humble_o proceed_v to_o offer_v some_o general_a proposal_n that_o have_v a_o tendency_n towards_o the_o effect_n this_o great_a work_n which_o be_v serious_o think_v of_o and_o debate_v by_o wise_a man_n may_v be_v capable_a of_o such_o melioration_n as_o may_v render_v they_o in_o a_o great_a measure_n effectual_a to_o the_o kingdom_n in_o general_n although_o at_o present_a to_o prevent_v that_o common_a objection_n that_o great_a mutation_n be_v dangerous_a i_o shall_v only_o propose_v they_o to_o be_v experiment_a in_o these_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o be_v the_o vital_n of_o our_o body_n politic_a which_o be_v once_o make_v sound_n the_o care_n of_o the_o rest_n will_v not_o be_v difficult_a proposition_n 1._o first_o then_o i_o propose_v that_o the_o city_n of_o london_n and_o westminster_n burrough_n of_o southwark_n and_o all_o other_o place_n within_o the_o usual_a line_n of_o communication_n describe_v in_o the_o weekly_a bill_n of_o mortality_n may_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n be_v associate_v into_o one_o province_n or_o line_n of_o communication_n for_o relief_n of_o the_o poor_a 2._o that_o there_o be_v one_o assembly_n of_o man_n and_o such_o as_o they_o shall_v from_o time_n to_o time_n appoint_v and_o deputise_v entrust_v with_o the_o care_n for_o and_o treasure_n of_o all_o the_o poor_a within_o the_o say_v pale_a or_o line_n of_o communication_n 3._o that_o the_o say_a assembly_n be_v incorporate_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n with_o perpetual_a succession_n by_o the_o name_n of_o father_n of_o the_o poor_a or_o some_o other_o honourable_a and_o significant_a title_n 4._o that_o all_o constable_n churchwarden_n overseer_n or_o other_o officer_n in_o all_o parish_n within_o the_o say_a line_n be_v subordinate_a and_o accountable_a to_o the_o say_a father_n of_o the_o poor_a and_o their_o deputy_n for_o and_o in_o all_o thing_n relate_v to_o the_o poor_a 5._o that_o the_o say_a father_n of_o the_o poor_a may_v have_v liberty_n to_o assess_v and_o receive_v into_o their_o common_a treasury_n for_o relief_n of_o their_o poor_a so_o much_o money_n from_o every_o parish_n as_o they_o yearly_o pay_v to_o that_o purpose_n any_o of_o the_o three_o year_n precede_v this_o constitution_n and_o to_o compel_v the_o payment_n thereof_o but_o not_o of_o more_o 6._o that_o the_o say_a father_n of_o the_o poor_a and_o their_o deputy_n may_v have_v very_o large_a and_o sufficient_a power_n in_o all_o thing_n relate_v to_o the_o poor_a and_o particular_o to_o have_v and_o receive_v the_o charitable_a benevolence_n of_o all_o person_n once_o every_o lord_n day_n in_o every_o parish-church_n and_o in_o any_o other_o meet_v of_o pious_a christian_n and_o at_o any_o other_o time_n or_o time_n which_o they_o shall_v think_v fit_a 7._o that_o the_o say_a father_n of_o the_o poor_a and_o such_o as_o they_o shall_v authorise_v may_v have_v power_n to_o purchase_v land_n erect_v and_o endow_v work-house_n hospital_n and_o house_n of_o correction_n and_o to_o exercise_v all_o other_o power_n relate_v to_o the_o poor_a that_o any_o number_n of_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n now_o may_v do_v in_o their_o quarter-session_n or_o otherwise_o 8._o that_o the_o say_a father_n of_o the_o poor_a may_v have_v power_n to_o send_v such_o poor_a beyond_o the_o sea_n as_o they_o shall_v think_v fit_a into_o his_o majesty_n plantation_n take_v security_n for_o their_o comfortable_a maintenance_n during_o their_o service_n and_o for_o their_o freedom_n afterward_o 9_o that_o the_o say_a father_n of_o the_o poor_a may_v have_v power_n to_o erect_v petty_a bank_n and_o lumbards_n for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o poor_a if_o they_o shall_v find_v it_o convenient_a and_o also_o to_o receive_v the_o one_o half_a of_o what_o be_v pay_v at_o all_o the_o door_n of_o playhouse_n and_o have_v the_o patent_n for_o farthing_n and_o to_o do_v whatever_o else_o his_o majesty_n and_o the_o parliament_n shall_v think_v fit_a to_o recommend_v to_o they_o or_o leave_v to_o their_o discretion_n 10._o that_o the_o treasure_n that_o shall_v be_v collect_v for_o this_o purpose_n be_v account_v sacred_a and_o that_o it_o be_v felony_n to_o misapply_v conceal_v lend_v or_o convert_v it_o to_o any_o other_o use_n or_o purpose_n whatsoever_o 11._o that_o there_o be_v no_o oath_n or_o other_o test_n impose_v upon_o the_o say_a father_n of_o the_o poor_a at_o their_o admission_n to_o bar_v our_o nonconformist_n among_o who_o there_o will_v be_v find_v some_o excellent_a instrument_n for_o this_o good_a work_n and_o such_o as_o will_v constant_o attend_v it_o for_o if_o they_o be_v keep_v out_o the_o people_n will_v be_v cold_a in_o their_o charity_n and_o in_o their_o hope_n of_o the_o success_n 12._o that_o the_o say_a father_n of_o the_o poor_a may_v constant_o wear_v some_o honourable_a meddal_n such_o as_o the_o king_n and_o parliament_n shall_v devise_v beside_o the_o green_a staff_n which_o be_v now_o use_v in_o london_n to_o such_o like_a purpose_n but_o upon_o extraordinary_a day_n only_o to_o denote_v their_o authority_n and_o office_n at_o all_o time_n and_o in_o all_o place_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o habit_n in_o spain_n or_o rather_o as_o have_v all_o the_o familiar_n of_o the_o inquisition_n in_o most_o romish_a country_n with_o admirable_a effect_n though_o to_o a_o wicked_a purpose_n the_o consequence_n whereof_o will_v be_v that_o the_o say_v father_n of_o the_o poor_a be_v numerous_a 〈◊〉_d disperse_v by_o their_o habitation_n and_o business_n into_o most_o part_n of_o their_o province_n will_v ready_o see_v any_o neglect_n of_o officer_n and_o as_o easy_o redress_v they_o the_o meddal_n which_o they_o wear_v about_o they_o be_v a_o sufficient_a warrant_n to_o command_v obedience_n from_o all_o parish_n officer_n wherever_o they_o come_v although_o their_o person_n be_v not_o know_v there_o 13._o that_o the_o say_a father_n of_o the_o poor_a may_v have_v liberty_n to_o admit_v into_o their_o society_n and_o all_o power_n and_o privilege_n equal_a with_o they_o any_o person_n that_o be_v willing_a to_o serve_v god_n their_o king_n and_o country_n in_o this_o pious_a and_o public_a work_n the_o person_n desire_v to_o be_v so_o admit_v pay_v at_o their_o admission_n 100_o l._n or_o more_o into_o the_o poor_n treasury_n as_o a_o demonstration_n of_o the_o sincerity_n of_o their_o intention_n to_o labour_n in_o and_o cultivate_v this_o most_o religious_a vineyard_n this_o i_o only_o offer_v because_o the_o number_n of_o the_o say_a father_n of_o the_o poor_a hereafter_o mention_v may_v be_v think_v rather_o too_o few_o then_o too_o many_o 14._o that_o the_o say_a father_n of_o the_o poor_a beside_o the_o authority_n now_o exercise_v by_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n may_v have_v some_o less_o limit_v power_n give_v they_o in_o relation_n to_o the_o punishment_n of_o their_o own_o and_o parish_n officer_n by_o pecuniary_a mul●ts_n for_o the_o poor_n benefit_n in_o case_n of_o neglect_n and_o otherwise_o as_o his_o majesty_n and_o the_o parliament_n shall_v think_v fit_a 15._o that_o the_o say_a father_n of_o the_o poor_a may_v have_v freedom_n to_o set_v the_o poor_a on_o work_n about_o whatsoever_o manufacture_n they_o think_v fit_a with_o a_o non_fw-la obstante_fw-la to_o all_o patent_n that_o have_v be_v or_o shall_v be_v grant_v to_o any_o private_a person_n or_o person_n for_o the_o sole_a manufacture_n of_o any_o commodity_n the_o want_n of_o which_o privilege_n i_o have_v be_v tell_v be_v a_o prejudice_n to_o the_o workhouse_n at_o clerkenwell_n in_o their_o late_a design_n of_o set_v their_o poor_a child_n about_o make_v of_o hang_n 16._o that_o all_o vacancy_n by_o reason_n of_o death_n of_o any_o of_o the_o say_a father_n of_o the_o ●oor_n be_v perpetual_o supply_v by_o election_n of_o the_o survivor_n quest._n 4._o the_o four_o question_n be_v who_o shall_v be_v the_o person_n entrust_v with_o so_o great_a a_o work_n and_o such_o excess_n of_o power_n this_o be_v a_o question_n likewise_o of_o some_o difficulty_n and_o

account_n or_o account_n of_o merchant_n freight_n of_o ship_n or_o good_n bill_n or_o bill_n of_o exchange_n or_o bill_n of_o bottomry_n or_o bumery_n or_o for_o work_n do_v upon_o or_o material_n deliver_v to_o the_o use_n of_o any_o ship_n or_o money_n due_a for_o sale_n of_o good_n or_o any_o other_o thing_n relate_v to_o trade_n or_o ship_n 3._o that_o any_o three_o or_o more_o of_o they_o as_o the_o judge_n late_o do_v at_o clifford_n inn_n may_v proceed_v sumary_o to_o the_o hear_n and_o determine_v of_o any_o such_o difference_n and_o that_o their_o sentence_n shall_v be_v final_a from_o which_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o appeal_n or_o review_n otherwise_o then_o as_o be_v hereafter_o mention_v nor_o any_o writ_n of_o error_n lie_v for_o the_o removal_n or_o reversal_a of_o the_o same_o 4._o that_o they_o or_o any_o three_o of_o they_o may_v so_o issue_v out_o summon_v for_o convening_n all_o person_n before_o they_o a●_n the_o judge_n do_v etc._n etc._n 5._o that_o they_o be_v a_o court_n of_o record_n 〈◊〉_d the_o judge_n be_v etc._n etc._n 6._o that_o they_o take_v nothing_o for_o their_o own_o pain_n direct_o or_o indirect_o but_o six_o pe●ce_n each_o for_o sign_v every_o final_a order_n in_o every_o cause_n whereof_o the_o value_n of_o the_o money_n to_o be_v pay_v do_v not_o exceed_v 10_o l._n and_o 12_o d._n for_o all_o cause_n not_o exceed_v 100_o l._n and_o only_o 2_o '_o s._n each_o for_o all_o cause_n exceed_v the_o value_n of_o 100_o l._n the_o say_v fee_n to_o be_v due_a and_o payable_a only_o to_o such_o and_o so_o many_o of_o the_o say_a judiciary_n merchant_n as_o hear_v the_o say_a cause_n and_o cause_n and_o sign_v the_o judgement_n or_o final_a decree_n in_o they_o 7._o that_o for_o reward_n to_o officer_n the_o judiciary_n merchant_n do_v constitute_v a_o table_n of_o reasonable_a fee_n to_o be_v confirm_v by_o the_o two_o lord_n cheif-justice_n and_o lord_n chief_a baron_n of_o the_o exchequer_n 8._o that_o in_o any_o case_n determine_v by_o a_o less_o number_n than_o seven_o of_o the_o say_a judiciary_n merchant_n there_o may_v be_v a_o appeal_n to_o seven_o or_o more_o as_o be_v late_o practise_v in_o the_o aforementioned_a judicature_n 9_o that_o they_o may_v have_v power_n to_o levy_v execution_n upon_o estate_n real_a or_o personal_a with_o such_o restriction_n as_o the_o parliament_n shall_v please_v to_o appoint_v 10._o that_o the_o extent_n of_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o say_a court_n shall_v be_v to_o all_o place_n within_o ten_o mile_n of_o london_n or_o only_o to_o the_o late_a line_n of_o communication_n as_o the_o parliament_n shall_v think_v fit_a 11._o that_o the_o say_a judiciary_n merchant_n and_o their_o officer_n before_o they_o exercise_v their_o authority_n take_v such_o oath_n as_o the_o parliament_n shall_v please_v to_o appoint_v 12._o that_o if_o any_o of_o the_o judiciary_n merchant_n be_v prosecute_v for_o exercise_v any_o of_o the_o power_n that_o shall_v be_v commit_v to_o they_o they_o may_v plead_v the_o general_a issue_n and_o give_v the_o act_n in_o evidence_n for_o their_o defence_n 13._o that_o no_o writ_n or_o writ_n of_o super●edeas_fw-la certiorary_a or_o injunction_n out_o of_o any_o of_o his_o majesty_n court_n shall_v supercee_v or_o stay_v execution_n etc._n etc._n 14._o the_o act_n to_o continue_v probationary_o so_o long_o as_o the_o parliament_n shall_v think_v fit_a 15._o that_o the_o twelve_o judiciary_n merchant_n shall_v be_v choose_v yearly_o by_o all_o the_o freeman_n that_o be_v livery-man_n of_o london_n in_o the_o guild-hall_n of_o the_o say_a city_n or_o by_o so_o many_o of_o they_o as_o shall_v be_v present_a at_o such_o election_n upon_o every_o monday_n yearly_o next_o before_o the_o feast_n day_n of_o st_n michael_n or_o as_o the_o parliament_n shall_v appoint_v in_o manner_n follow_v every_o livery-man_n then_o present_a to_o deliver_v unto_o any_o two_o such_o alderman_n and_o four_o commoner_n as_o the_o lord_n mayor_n and_o court_n of_o alderman_n for_o the_o time_n be_v shall_v appoint_v to_o take_v the_o view_n or_o scrutiny_n of_o election_n a_o paper_n contain_v the_o name_n of_o such_o twelve_o person_n as_o he_o think_v best_a to_o be_v elect_v for_o the_o purpose_n afore_o say_v set_v his_o the_o say_a elector_n own_o name_n on_o the_o backside_n of_o the_o say_a paper_n and_o the_o next_o monday_n after_o in_o the_o say_a guild-hall_n the_o say_v two_o alderman_n and_o four_o commoner_n or_o so_o many_o of_o they_o as_o shall_v have_v take_v the_o scrutiney_a shall_v public_o declare_v unto_o the_o lord_n mayor_n aldermen_z and_z commoners_z then_o present_a who_o be_v the_o twelve_o person_n choose_v by_o the_o majority_n of_o vote_n and_o how_o many_o vote_n each_o of_o they_o have_v 16._o if_o it_o happen_v that_o any_o of_o the_o judiciary_n merchant_n die_v before_o the_o end_n of_o the_o year_n or_o refuse_v to_o undertake_v the_o trust_n it_o be_v lawful_a for_o the_o livery-man_n to_o choose_v another_o or_o other_o toties_fw-la quoties_fw-la and_o the_o lord_n mayor_n be_v enjoin_v to_o summon_v common-hall_n to_o that_o purpose_n 17._o that_o every_o year_n six_o of_o the_o old_a judiciary_n merchant_n go_v off_o in_o course_n and_o be_v uncapable_a of_o be_v re-elected_n and_o six_o new_a one_o choose_v in_o their_o stead_n viz._n all_o the_o twelve_o to_o be_v re-chosen_a but_o only_o six_o of_o the_o old_a one_o that_o have_v the_o most_o voice_n to_o hold_v next_o year_n although_o more_o of_o they_o shall_v happen_v to_o be_v elect_v for_o the_o next_o year_n object_n 1._o the_o many_o objection_n that_o i_o can_v foresee_v will_v be_v make_v against_o this_o constitution_n be_v that_o it_o thwart_v that_o most_o excellent_a order_n of_o our_o english_a jury_n answ._n 1._o i_o answer_v that_o i_o hope_v there_o be_v no_o english_a man_n more_o in_o love_n with_o jury_n than_o myself_o but_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o common_a way_n of_o trial_n do_v not_o well_o reach_v the_o variety_n and_o strangeness_n of_o merchant_n case_n especial_o in_o relation_n to_o foreign_a affair_n answ._n 2._o what_o better_a jury_n can_v a_o merchant_n hope_v for_o than_o twelve_o able_a and_o honest_a merchant_n choose_v by_o the_o collective_a body_n of_o the_o whole_a city_n and_o such_o as_o shall_v all_o of_o they_o stand_v upon_o their_o good_a behaviour_n to_o be_v turn_v out_o with_o ignominy_n the_o next_o year_n if_o they_o do_v not_o equal_a right_n to_o all_o man_n object_n 2._o the_o admit_v of_o no_o appeal_v from_o a_o court-merchant_n seem_v too_o arbitrary_a i_o answer_v while_o we_o choose_v our_o judge_n ourselves_o for_o merchant_n case_n and_o may_v remove_v they_o ourselves_o in_o my_o opinion_n they_o can_v be_v no_o more_o too_o arbitrary_a than_o too_o much_o power_n can_v be_v give_v to_o referee_n when_o both_o party_n desire_v a_o end_n of_o their_o difference_n beside_o if_o their_o power_n be_v not_o great_a the_o many_o design_n of_o cheap_a speedy_a and_o short_a issue_n will_v be_v lose_v but_o if_o it_o shall_v please_v the_o parliament_n there_o may_v be_v in_o the_o act_n a_o appeal_n reserve_v to_o the_o house_n of_o lord_n the_o money_n condemn_v to_o be_v first_o pay_v or_o deposit_v before_o the_o appeal_n be_v allow_v chap._n vii_o concern_v naturalisation_n that_o a_o act_n of_o naturalisation_n of_o stranger_n will_v tend_v to_o the_o advancement_n of_o trade_n and_o increase_v of_o the_o value_n of_o the_o land_n of_o this_o kingdom_n be_v now_o so_o general_o own_v and_o assent_v to_o by_o all_o degree_n of_o man_n among_o we_o that_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o a_o short_a time_n will_v produce_v some_o act_n or_o act_n of_o parliament_n to_o that_o purpose_n i_o have_v therefore_o think_v it_o not_o impertinent_a to_o note_v some_o few_o particular_n which_o if_o not_o wary_o prevent_v may_v deprive_v we_o of_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o fruit_n hope_v for_o by_o so_o good_a a_o design_n viz._n one_a the_o privilege_n of_o encorporated_a city_n and_o to_n two_o more_o especial_o the_o society_n of_o artificer_n and_o tradesman_n belong_v to_o some_o city_n and_o town_n corporate_a such_o as_o weaver_n cooper_n and_o many_o other_o who_o by_o virtue_n of_o their_o charter_n pretend_v to_o privilege_n and_o jurisdiction_n not_o only_o to_o the_o utmost_a extent_n of_o the_o liberty_n of_o their_o respective_a city_n and_o town_n but_o to_o the_o distance_n of_o ten_o mile_n about_o they_o 3._o that_o branch_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o 5_o the_o of_o elizabeth_n which_o enact_v that_o none_o shall_v use_v any_o manual_a occupation_n that_o have_v not_o serve_v a_o apprenticeship_n thereunto_o upon_o which_o statute_n it_o have_v be_v usual_a to_o indict_v stranger_n workman_n that_o have_v exercise_v their_o calling_n

order_n to_o the_o building_n and_o supply_v our_o ship_n that_o without_o they_o other_o trade_n can_v not_o be_v carry_v on_o it_o will_v not_o be_v deny_v by_o the_o honourable_a east-india_n company_n but_o they_o import_v much_o more_o good_n into_o england_n than_o they_o export_v &_o that_o to_o purchase_v the_o same_o they_o carry_v out_o quantity_n of_o gold_n &_o silver_n annual_o yet_o no_o man_n that_o understand_v any_o thing_n of_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o world_n will_v affirm_v that_o england_n lose_v by_o that_o trade_n the_o dutch_a with_o good_a reason_n esteem_v the_o trade_n of_o the_o east-indies_n more_o profitable_a to_o they_o than_o be_v the_o mine_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n in_o america_n to_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n and_o if_o the_o english_a company_n be_v vest_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n with_o so_o much_o authority_n as_o the_o dutch_a have_v and_o thereby_o encourage_v to_o drive_v as_o full_a a_o trade_n thither_o as_o the_o dutch_a do_v i_o doubt_v not_o but_o it_o will_v be_v so_o not_o so_o much_o to_o the_o private_a gain_n of_o the_o member_n of_o that_o company_n as_o the_o public_a profit_n of_o this_o kingdom_n in_o general_a however_o as_o it_o be_v it_o will_v not_o be_v difficult_a to_o prove_v that_o it_o be_v the_o most_o beneficial_a trade_n this_o nation_n drive_v at_o present_a for_o 1_o st_o that_o trade_n constant_o employ_v twenty_o five_o to_o thirty_o sail_n of_o the_o most_o warlike_a ship_n in_o england_n with_o sixty_o to_o a_o hundred_o man_n in_o each_o ship_n and_o may_v in_o two_o or_o three_o year_n more_o employ_v a_o great_a number_n and_o in_o order_n to_o the_o carry_v on_o that_o trade_n that_o company_n have_v late_o unconstrained_a give_v considerable_a encouragement_n for_o the_o build_n of_o great_a ship_n which_o have_v have_v good_a effect_n 2_o dly_z it_o supply_v the_o nation_n constant_o and_o full_o with_o that_o in_o this_o age_n necessary_a material_a of_o salt-petre_n 3_o dly_z it_o employ_v the_o nation_n for_o its_o consumption_n with_o pepper_n indigo_n calico_n and_o several_a useful_a drug_n near_o the_o value_n of_o 150000_o l._n to_o 180000_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la 4_o thly_a it_o furnish_v we_o with_o pepper_n cowrye_n long-cloth_n and_o other_o calico_n and_o paint_a stuff_n proper_a for_o the_o trade_n of_o turkey_n italy_n spain_n france_n and_o guiny_n to_o the_o amount_v of_o 2_o or_o 300000_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la most_o of_o which_o trade_n we_o can_v not_o carry_v on_o with_o any_o considerable_a advantage_n but_o for_o those_o supply_n and_o these_o good_n export_v do_v produce_v in_o foreign_a part_n to_o be_v return_v to_o england_n six_o time_n the_o treasure_n in_o specie_fw-la that_o the_o company_n export_v from_o hence_o now_o if_o not_o only_o the_o aforesaid_a advantage_n be_v serious_o consider_v but_o also_o what_o detriment_n the_o nation_n will_v sustain_v if_o we_o be_v deprive_v of_o those_o supply_n both_o in_o point_n of_o strength_n and_o warlike_a provision_n in_o regard_n of_o ship_n and_o salt-petre_n but_o also_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o furtherance_n it_o give_v to_o many_o other_o trade_n beforementioned_a it_o will_v easy_o appear_v that_o this_o trade_n though_o its_o import_v exceed_v its_o export_n be_v the_o most_o advantageous_a trade_n to_o england_n and_o deserve_v all_o encouragement_n for_o be_v we_o to_o buy_v all_o our_o pepper_n and_o calico_n etc._n etc._n of_o the_o dutch_a they_o will_v raise_v our_o pepper_n which_o now_o stand_v the_o nation_n but_o about_o 3_o d._n per_fw-la pound_n in_o india_n to_o or_o near_o the_o proportion_n which_o they_o have_v advance_v on_o nutmeg_n clove_n and_o mace_n which_o cost_v the_o dutch_a not_o much_o more_o per_fw-mi pound_n in_o india_n than_o pepper_n since_o they_o engross_v the_o trade_n for_o those_o commodity_n and_o the_o use_n of_o callico_n in_o england_n will_v be_v supply_v by_o foreign_a linen_n at_o great_a price_n so_o that_o what_o may_v be_v secure_v from_o this_o nation_n be_v consumption_n will_v in_o probability_n cost_v they_o above_o 400000_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la more_o than_o now_o it_o do_v and_o our_o foreign_a trade_n for_o italy_n guiny_n etc._n etc._n will_v in_o part_n decay_n for_o want_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a supply_n there_o be_v another_o notion_n concern_v the_o balance_n of_o trade_n which_o i_o think_v not_o impertinent_a here_o to_o take_v notice_n of_o viz._n some_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o way_n to_o know_v whether_o the_o nation_n get_v or_o lose_v in_o the_o general_a by_o its_o foregoing_a trade_n be_v to_o take_v a_o inspection_n into_o the_o course_n of_o the_o exchange_n be_v general_o above_o the_o intrinsic_a value_n or_o par_fw-fr of_o the_o coin_n of_o foreign_a country_n we_o not_o only_o lose_v by_o such_o exchange_n but_o the_o same_o be_v a_o demonstration_n that_o we_o lose_v by_o the_o general_a course_n of_o our_o foreign_a trade_n and_o that_o we_o require_v more_o supply_n of_o commodity_n from_o abroad_o than_o our_o export_n in_o good_n do_v serve_v to_o purchase_v and_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o when_o once_o the_o exchange_n come_v to_o be_v 5_o or_o 6_o per_fw-mi cent_z above_o the_o true_a value_n of_o foreign_a money_n our_o treasure_n will_v be_v carry_v out_o whatever_o law_n shall_v be_v make_v to_o prevent_v it_o and_o on_o the_o contrary_a when_o the_o exchange_n be_v general_o below_o the_o true_a value_n of_o the_o foreign_a coin_n it_o be_v a_o evidence_n that_o our_o export_n do_v in_o value_n exceed_v what_o we_o require_v from_o abroad_o and_o so_o if_o the_o exchange_n come_v to_o be_v 5_o or_o 6_o per_fw-mi cent_z below_o the_o true_a value_n of_o the_o foreign_a coin_n return_n will_v be_v make_v for_o england_n in_o the_o coin_n of_o foreign_a country_n now_o that_o there_o be_v also_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o truth_n in_o this_o notion_n be_v not_o to_o be_v deny_v and_o that_o the_o diligent_a observance_n and_o consideration_n of_o the_o course_n of_o the_o exchange_n may_v be_v of_o use_n and_o very_o necessary_a in_o many_o respect_n and_o be_v a_o very_a ingenivous_a study_n for_o any_o that_o will_v dive_v into_o the_o mystery_n of_o trade_n yet_o because_o this_o be_v likewise_o subject_a to_o vary_v on_o many_o accident_n of_o emergency_n of_o state_n and_o war_n etc._n etc._n &_o because_o there_o be_v no_o settle_a course_n of_o exchange_n but_o to_o and_o from_o france_n holland_n flanders_n hambrough_n venice_n legorn_v &_o genoa_n and_o that_o there_o be_v many_o other_o great_a and_o eminent_a trade_n beside_o what_o be_v drive_v to_o those_o country_n this_o can_v afford_v a_o true_a and_o satisfactory_a solution_n to_o the_o present_a question_n thus_o have_v demonstrate_v that_o these_o notion_n touch_v the_o balance_n of_o trade_n though_o they_o be_v in_o their_o kind_n useful_a notion_n be_v in_o some_o case_n fallible_a and_o uncertain_a if_o any_o shall_v ask_v how_o shall_v we_o then_o come_v to_o be_v resolve_v of_o the_o matter_n in_o question_n i_o answer_v first_o the_o best_a and_o most_o certain_a discovery_n to_o my_o apprehension_n be_v to_o be_v make_v f●om_o the_o increase_n or_o diminution_n of_o our_o ●rade_n and_o ship_n in_o general_a for_o if_o our_o trade_n and_o ship_n diminish_v whatever_o profit_n particular_a man_n may_v make_v the_o nation_n undoubted_o lose_v and_o on_o the_o contrary_a if_o our_o trade_n and_o ship_n increase_v how_o small_a or_o low_o soever_o the_o profit_n be_v to_o private_a man_n it_o be_v a_o infallible_a indication_n that_o the_o nation_n in_o general_n thrive_v for_o i_o dare_v affirm_v and_o that_o catagorical_o in_o all_o part_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n wherever_o trade_n be_v great_a and_o continue_v so_o and_o grow_v daily_o more_o great_a and_o increase_v in_o ship_n and_o that_o for_o a_o succession_n not_o of_o a_o few_o year_n but_o of_o age_n that_o trade_n must_v be_v national_o profitable_a as_o a_o town_n where_o only_o a_o fair_a be_v keep_v if_o every_o year_n the_o number_n of_o people_n and_o commodity_n do_v augment_v that_o town_n however_o the_o market_n be_v will_v gain_v whereas_o if_o there_o come_v still_o few_o and_o few_o pe●ple_n and_o commodity_n that_o place_n will_v decline_v and_o decay_v discourse_v once_o with_o a_o noble_a lord_n concern_v this_o measure_n or_o method_n of_o know_v the_o balance_n of_o our_o trade_n or_o more_o plain_o our_o general_a national_a gain_v or_o loss_n by_o trade_n his_o lordship_n be_v please_v to_o oppose_v by_o ask_v two_o very_o proper_a question_n viz._n quest._n 1._o be_v there_o not_o a_o great_a similitude_n between_o the_o affair_n of_o a_o private_a person_n and_o of_o a_o nation_n the_o former_a be_v but_o a_o little_a family_n and_o the_o latter_a a_o great_a family_n i_o