martion_n and_o refute_v and_o convince_v the_o heretic_n eutyches_n the_o reform_a protest_n chal._n con._n chal._n that_o they_o will_v most_o willing_o allow_v of_o the_o four_o creed_n and_o confession_n of_o faith_n ordain_v by_o those_o four_o general_n counsel_n as_o faithful_a exposition_n of_o christian_a religion_n for_o so_o much_o as_o they_o be_v ground_v upon_o the_o word_n of_o god_n but_o in_o the_o 500_o year_n ensue_v year_n the_o second_o period_n of_o 500_o year_n falsehood_n so_o struggle_v and_o encounter_v with_o the_o truth_n that_o so_o soon_o as_o man_n begin_v by_o little_a and_o little_a to_o decline_v from_o the_o true_a and_o right_a rule_n of_o holy_a scripture_n there_o do_v forthwith_o spring_v up_o diverse_a plant_n of_o false_a doctrine_n and_o of_o hurtful_a ceremony_n which_o more_o and_o more_o increase_v for_o albeit_o indeed_o in_o the_o five_o general_n council_n call_v by_o the_o emperor_n justinian_n in_o constantinople_n gen._n 5._o con._n gen._n all_o they_o be_v refute_v which_o maintain_v that_o the_o body_n of_o our_o lord_n jesus_n christ_n be_v of_o immortal_a and_o incorruptible_a nature_n also_o howbeit_o that_o at_o the_o sixth_o general_a council_n which_o be_v celebrate_v and_o hold_v in_o the_o same_o place_n by_o the_o authority_n of_o constantine_n the_o five_o the_o heretic_n monotholites_n be_v convince_v and_o condemn_v so_o it_o be_v that_o afterward_o and_o almost_o all_o the_o counsel_n ensue_v propound_v and_o agree_v upon_o thing_n altogether_o unprofitable_a or_o for_o the_o most_o repugnant_a to_o the_o express_a word_n of_o god_n for_o in_o the_o seven_o general_a council_n which_o be_v first_o assemble_v by_o the_o empress_n of_o constantinople_n and_o from_o thence_o remove_v to_o nice_a it_o be_v hold_v good_a and_o decree_v that_o image_n shall_v be_v honour_v and_o adore_v the_o which_o be_v not_o deal_v in_o or_o determine_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o word_n of_o god_n but_o rather_o by_o the_o force_n of_o a_o mighty_a army_n for_o that_o purpose_n procure_v and_o call_v from_o thracia_n the_o eight_o general_a council_n be_v hold_v in_o constantinople_n under_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n basilius_n where_o pope_n adrian_n by_o his_o legate_n command_v to_o acknowledge_v the_o church_n of_o rome_n for_o the_o head_n of_o all_o other_o church_n and_o that_o all_o lay_v and_o secular_a person_n shall_v be_v exclude_v from_o all_o election_n of_o clerk_n or_o person_n ecclesiastical_a so_o that_o thereupon_o so_o great_a debate_n and_o contention_n do_v arise_v between_o the_o greek_a and_o latin_a church_n concern_v the_o primacy_n or_o chief_a so_o that_o the_o controversy_n be_v not_o at_o this_o day_n altogether_o determine_v and_o pacify_v year_n the_o 3._o period_n of_o 500_o year_n the_o other_o five_o hundred_o year_n next_o follow_v such_o counsel_n and_o synod_n be_v hold_v as_o decree_v almost_o nothing_o which_o be_v good_a but_o rather_o pernicious_a doctrine_n be_v therein_o confirm_v and_o establish_v for_o proof_n whereof_o say_v the_o reform_a no_o more_o needs_o to_o be_v do_v but_o only_o to_o produce_v one_o counsel_n of_o every_o age_n before_o mention_v in_o the_o council_n or_o synod_n of_o maience_n 1049._o 1049._o at_o which_o both_o the_o emperor_n and_o the_o pope_n be_v present_a together_o with_o a_o hundred_o and_o thirty_o bishop_n the_o point_n touch_v the_o forbid_v of_o marriage_n to_o priest_n be_v discuss_v in_o the_o council_n of_o brixia_n which_o be_v assemble_v by_o the_o emperor_n henry_n gregory_n the_o seven_o be_v depose_v from_o the_o papal_a seat_n 1080._o 1080._o by_o reason_n of_o his_o blasphemy_n and_o villainy_n above_o mention_v in_o the_o council_n of_o paviaohen_n when_o the_o emp._n frederick_n will_v have_v have_v the_o election_n of_o the_o pope_n reform_v a_o debate_n or_o strife_n of_o 20._o 1160._o 1160._o year_n continuance_n be_v stir_v up_o &_o kindle_v which_o endure_v until_o the_o pope_n have_v tread_v on_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o emperor_n in_o the_o city_n of_o venice_n in_o the_o council_n of_o lion_n 1243._o 1243._o innocent_a the_o four_o make_v a_o decree_n against_o the_o emperor_n henry_n the_o second_o and_o grant_v to_o the_o cardinal_n power_n and_o leave_v to_o wear_v red_a hat_n and_o to_o ride_v on_o horseback_n in_o the_o synod_n of_o vienna_n in_o france_n 1311._o 1311._o clement_n the_o five_o solemn_o pronounce_v his_o clementines_n and_o albeit_o that_o afterward_o lie_v on_o his_o deathbed_n he_o command_v they_o shall_v be_v burn_v because_o he_o well_o perceive_v they_o to_o confirm_v diverse_a error_n apt_a to_o entrap_v or_o ensnare_v man_n conscience_n this_o notwithstanding_o his_o successor_n john_n the_o twenty_o three_o 1414._o 1414._o do_v again_o appear_v and_o ratify_v the_o say_a clementines_n the_o emperor_n sigismond_n cause_v a_o general_a council_n to_o be_v summon_v at_o constance_n wherein_o pope_n john_n the_o twenty_o three_o be_v dismiss_v of_o the_o papal_a seat_n and_o john_n husse_v &_o hierome_n of_o prage_n be_v condemn_v &_o burn_v because_o they_o have_v embrace_v and_o follow_v the_o doctrine_n of_o john_n wicliffe_n a_o englishman_n who_o among_o diverse_a other_o point_n of_o good_a doctrine_n teach_v that_o the_o supper_n of_o the_o lord_n ought_v to_o be_v distribute_v to_o the_o people_n under_o both_o kind_n without_o the_o imagination_n and_o dream_n of_o transubstantiation_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o say_v sigismond_n there_o be_v also_o a_o council_n hold_v at_o basil_n where_o it_o be_v decree_v that_o pope_n shall_v be_v subject_a to_o counsel_n and_o because_o this_o decree_n do_v great_o displease_v pope_n eugenius_n he_o cause_v the_o say_a council_n to_o be_v remove_v to_o bolona_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o ferrara_n and_o from_o thence_o again_o to_o florence_n final_o julius_n the_o second_o assemble_v &_o call_v the_o council_n of_o laterane_n and_o pope_n paul_n the_o three_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n but_o for_o so_o much_o as_o the_o proceed_n in_o those_o counsel_n be_v not_o according_a to_o the_o rule_v prescribe_v in_o the_o word_n of_o god_n the_o reform_a maintain_v that_o they_o be_v not_o any_o way_n oblige_v or_o tie_v to_o their_o decree_n so_o by_o that_o which_o be_v before_o allege_v it_o manifest_o appear_v say_v the_o reform_a what_o kind_n of_o counsel_n and_o sinod_n have_v be_v hold_v in_o those_o last_o age_n by_o they_o of_o the_o roman_a church_n now_o concern_v the_o diversity_n of_o repugnance_n of_o counsel_n it_o be_v also_o easy_o to_o be_v discover_v counsel_n repugnance_n of_o counsel_n for_o the_o council_n of_o chalcedon_n condemn_v eutiches_n but_o the_o council_n of_o ephesus_n do_v absolve_v and_o acquit_v he_o the_o council_n of_o nice_a condemn_a arrius_n but_o the_o counsel_n of_o saricea_n smernia_n and_o milan_n maintain_v &_o uphold_v he_o host_n dist_n 32._o con._n praeter_fw-la host_n the_o council_n of_o numidia_n where_o saint_n cyprian_n be_v precedent_n will_v have_v all_o those_o rebaptise_v which_o be_v baptize_v by_o heretic_n which_o the_o council_n of_o carthage_n do_v absolute_o forbid_v host_n dist_n 4._o de_fw-fr cons._n con_v non._n host_n the_o council_n of_o ephesus_n which_o be_v hold_v in_o the_o time_n of_o pope_n celestine_n do_v permit_v to_o communicate_v under_o both_o kind_n cons_n dist_n 15._o de_fw-fr cons_n but_o that_o of_o constance_n in_o the_o time_n of_o john_n the_o twenty_o three_o and_o that_o of_o lateran_n do_v rigorous_o forbid_v it_o the_o council_n of_o chalaus_n do_v ratify_v offering_n for_o the_o dead_a that_o of_o carthage_n reject_v they_o the_o council_n of_o ancyra_n &_o of_o nice_a of_o gangrae_n of_o coletan_n and_o of_o elibere_fw-la do_v all_o consent_n to_o the_o marriage_n of_o priest_n and_o other_o ecclesiastical_a person_n but_o the_o counsel_n of_o nercesaria_n and_o of_o chalcedon_n and_o of_o agatha_n and_o diverse_a other_o counsel_n do_v secret_o forbid_v the_o same_o the_o council_n of_o toletua_n allow_v priest_n to_o keep_v concubine_n but_o the_o council_n of_o carthage_n and_o that_o of_o basill_n in_o the_o time_n of_o eugenius_n the_o four_o do_v sharp_o forbid_v it_o the_o council_n of_o pope_n alexander_n do_v forbid_v to_o hear_v mass_n by_o a_o priest_n that_o keep_v a_o concubine_n which_o lucius_n the_o three_o do_v permit_v the_o council_n of_o gangrets_n condemn_v all_o they_o that_o ordain_v or_o command_v new_a tradition_n to_o the_o people_n the_o which_o that_o of_o constantinople_n do_v allow_v 34._o dist_n 34._o the_o council_n of_o tolete_a con_fw-mi 2._o and_o of_o libere_fw-la con_fw-mi 36._o do_v reject_v image_n but_o that_o of_o nice_a the_o second_o and_o diverse_a other_o do_v admit_v they_o what_o will_v you_o more_o the_o council_n of_o arminium_n deny_v the_o primacy_n of_o the_o pope_n of_o rome_n but_o that_o of_o chalcedon_n the_o sixth_o and_o
tipice_n dux_fw-la normaque_fw-la minorum_fw-la 1._o see_n lib._n con_v fo._n 228._o col._n 4.231_o col._n 1._o sedes_fw-la nobis_fw-la perpetuò_fw-la da_fw-la regni_fw-la caelorum_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v good_a saint_n francis_n head_n of_o friar_n minor_n which_o of_o jesus_n christ_n be_v the_o true_a figure_n cause_v we_o to_o have_v part_n of_o heavenly_a honour_n and_o life_n to_o obtain_v that_o ever_o do_v endure_v and_o the_o jacobins_n be_v so_o bold_a as_o not_o only_o to_o compare_v there_o saint_n dominicke_n with_o our_o saviour_n jesus_n christ_n 24._o see_v epist_n flor._n aut._n intust_n part_n 3._o art_n 23._o &_o 24._o but_o which_o be_v more_o in_o many_o thing_n they_o place_v he_o afore_o jesus_n christ_n the_o golden_a legend_n of_o the_o he-saint_n and_o shee-saint_n be_v all_o at_o this_o day_n print_v which_o sufficient_o set_v forth_o the_o feign_a miracle_n of_o one_o stanislaus_n adulbertus_n and_o of_o such_o other_o saint_n and_o for_o so_o much_o as_o the_o pope_n approve_v and_o allow_v such_o book_n yea_o and_o propound_v they_o to_o christian_n to_o be_v hold_v in_o equal_a honour_n and_o reverence_n with_o the_o write_a word_n of_o god_n 137._o aut._n 23.27_o foe_fw-mi 137._o from_o thence_o also_o the_o reform_a christian_n conclude_v that_o the_o pope_n be_v profane_a tyranny_n the_o second_o cause_n of_o refusal_n the_o second_o reason_n for_o which_o the_o reform_a will_v not_o accept_v the_o pope_n for_o their_o judge_n reason_n the_o second_o reason_n be_v that_o they_o have_v usurp_v dominion_n and_o sovereignty_n over_o the_o church_n for_o first_o of_o all_o the_o pope_n cause_v himself_o to_o be_v style_v the_o head_n the_o spouse_n and_o sovereign_a bishop_n of_o the_o church_n howbeit_o that_o title_n can_v proper_o appertain_v to_o any_o person_n but_o christ_n jesus_n alone_o in_o the_o second_o place_n because_o that_o the_o pope_n will_v bear_v rule_n and_o have_v sovereignty_n over_o all_o the_o earth_n and_o all_o the_o potentate_n of_o the_o earth_n constantine_n of_o the_o donation_n of_o constantine_n for_o touch_v the_o donation_n of_o constantine_n the_o great_a by_o which_o they_o strive_v to_o confirm_v their_o dominion_n and_o rule_n beside_o that_o it_o have_v be_v heretofore_o sharp_o question_v by_o nicolaus_n cusan_a laurentius_n valla_n volaterranus_n aeneas_n silvius_n and_o diverse_a other_o very_o learned_a author_n the_o which_o notwithstanding_o have_v not_o cease_v to_o be_v patron_n and_o defender_n of_o the_o roman_a sea_n the_o reform_a christian_n maintain_v that_o they_o can_v convince_v the_o say_a donation_n of_o falsehood_n and_o untruth_n by_o these_o reason_n follow_v ten_o reason_n by_o which_o it_o be_v prove_v that_o the_o donation_n of_o constantine_n the_o great_a be_v false_a and_o counterfeit_a first_o because_o none_o of_o the_o best_a and_o most_o approve_a author_n either_o affirm_v or_o speak_v any_o thing_n of_o this_o donation_n of_o constantine_n 2._o because_o that_o eusebius_n and_o other_o ancient_a historian_n testify_v that_o the_o emperor_n constantine_n divide_v the_o three_o part_n of_o the_o world_n to_o his_o three_o son_n 3._o socr._n theolo_n evagr._fw-la ruffin_n okeb_n beda_n sozom._n hist_o pan_n 2_o vol._n lib._n grn_n 3._o 3._o because_o the_o instrument_n and_o decree_n which_o touch_v the_o same_o be_v imprint_v be_v very_o different_a and_o their_o stile_n no_o whit_n agree_v 4._o that_o it_o be_v a_o absurd_a thing_n and_o likewise_o incredible_a that_o saint_n peter_n and_o saint_n paul_n shall_v have_v appear_v to_o constantine_n in_o his_o sleep_n and_o that_o he_o shall_v have_v adore_v they_o as_o god_n 5._o that_o he_o be_v never_o infect_v with_o the_o leprosy_n 6._o that_o he_o be_v not_o baptize_v by_o sylvester_n at_o rome_n but_o by_o eusebius_n in_o nicomedia_n 11._o alb._n krant_n in_o sax_n lib._n 2._o ca._n 1._o mansil_n indefen_v part_n cap._n 11._o 7._o that_o it_o be_v a_o profane_a kind_n of_o speech_n to_o say_v that_o the_o hand_n of_o god_n be_v see_v by_o constantine_n 8._o that_o he_o can_v not_o give_v to_o the_o pope_n a_o great_a right_n than_o he_o have_v himself_o 9_o that_o he_o can_v not_o confer_v or_o bestow_v upon_o the_o pope_n power_n or_o authority_n over_o the_o patriarch_n of_o constantinople_n the_o say_a title_n at_o that_o time_n be_v not_o build_v nor_o finish_v 10._o and_o last_o 4._o euseb_n de_fw-fr vita_fw-la constan_n ruff._n l._n 1_o c._n 39_o vives_z l._n 24._o hist_o beul_n de_fw-fr con._n nue_n l._n 8._o c._n 4._o because_o such_o donation_n contain_v in_o the_o privilege_n and_o grant_v make_v to_o the_o pope_n which_o they_o have_v receive_v from_o the_o emperor_n constantine_n be_v the_o certain_a mark_n of_o antichrist_n sure_o by_o all_o these_o reason_n aforesaid_a it_o manifest_o appear_v say_v the_o reform_a that_o such_o donation_n be_v never_o make_v to_o the_o pope_n by_o constantine_n but_o that_o it_o have_v be_v forge_v and_o counterfeit_v by_o the_o pope_n themselves_o and_o concern_v the_o word_n of_o our_o saviour_n christ_n pronounce_v to_o saint_n peter_n and_o to_o all_o other_o preacher_n &_o teacher_n of_o the_o word_n of_o god_n 2._o aug_n in_o io._n tract_n 10_o &_o 12._o &_o de_fw-la ver_fw-la dom_n ser._n 20._o cyril_n in_o dial._n de_fw-fr trin._n lib_n 4._o ambr._n epist_n ad_fw-la ephes_n cap._n 2._o say_v feed_v my_o sheep_n this_o sentence_n and_o speech_n do_v not_o import_n or_o signify_v a_o politic_a and_o outward_a dominion_n or_o authority_n but_o only_o the_o ministry_n of_o the_o gospel_n for_o in_o another_o place_n our_o lord_n jesus_n christ_n tax_v the_o ambition_n of_o the_o apostle_n for_o that_o some_o will_v bear_v rule_n and_o have_v dominion_n over_o other_o some_o and_o for_o that_o upon_o this_o occasion_n they_o enter_v into_o consultation_n por_fw-mi chrys_n hom_n 55._o in_o math._n ber._n epist_n 230._o mat._n 20.25_o dist_n 4._o ca._n multi_fw-la quicunque_fw-la cap._n 1._o sedis_fw-la do_v 99_o si_fw-la quis_fw-la 7._o der._n de_fw-fr por_fw-mi the_o king_n of_o the_o nation_n say_v jesus_n christ_n bear_v rule_n over_o they_o but_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v so_o among_o you_o yea_o and_o the_o very_a canon_n have_v express_o forbid_v that_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n shall_v be_v call_v sovereign_a bishop_n or_o universal_a head_n of_o the_o church_n wherefore_o say_v the_o reform_a the_o pope_n beat_v themselves_o with_o their_o own_o rod_n see_v they_o can_v rightful_o attribute_v or_o appropriate_v to_o themselves_o such_o authority_n and_o domination_n and_o that_o for_o diverse_a cause_n and_o reason_n corruption_n of_o religion_n the_o three_o cause_n of_o refusal_n the_o 3._o reason_n which_o the_o reform_a christian_n produce_v for_o which_o they_o will_v not_o submit_v themselves_o to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o pope_n be_v this_o that_o they_o have_v not_o only_o intricate_v and_o confound_v religion_n and_o divine_a service_n with_o many_o vain_a ceremony_n 5._o can._n 9_o do_v 34._o can_v 4._o in_o do_v 82._o can_v praeb_fw-mi lib._n decretal_a greg._n tit_n 7._o can_n 5._o but_o have_v also_o gross_o err_v in_o doctrine_n for_o some_o decree_n affirm_v of_o the_o pope_n that_o they_o be_v not_o man_n but_o god_n that_o they_o can_v be_v judge_v by_o any_o person_n in_o the_o world_n that_o they_o may_v dispose_v and_o dispense_v against_o the_o apostle_n that_o they_o can_v change_v the_o property_n of_o thing_n that_o they_o can_v make_v something_o of_o nothing_o that_o they_o have_v power_n to_o make_v justice_n of_o injustice_n 7._o io._n 1.4_o 2_o tim._n 3._o mat._n 15._o gal._n 1._o jer._n 7._o iren._n epist_n 4._o con._n trad._n 4._o con_v li._n cer_n per._n sur_fw-fr 7._o now_o how_o exceed_v false_a all_o this_o be_v say_v the_o reform_a it_o appear_v by_o that_o which_o almighty_a god_n testify_v himself_o that_o there_o can_v be_v but_o one_o form_n of_o religion_n that_o be_v to_o say_v that_o which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o writing_n of_o the_o prophet_n and_o of_o the_o apostle_n yea_o very_o that_o a_o angel_n from_o heaven_n have_v no_o power_n to_o add_v thereunto_o nor_o from_o it_o to_o diminish_v whereas_o the_o pope_n for_o all_o that_o will_v have_v religion_n to_o consist_v in_o humane_a tradition_n such_o as_o be_v the_o agnus_n dei_fw-la which_o they_o call_v maximilian_n 2._o the_o complaint_n of_o maximilian_n the_o baptism_n of_o bell_n the_o invocation_n of_o saint_n the_o single_a life_n of_o priest_n the_o withdraw_a or_o deprive_v of_o the_o cup_n in_o the_o lord_n supper_n 2._o de_fw-fr coen_n dom_n lib._n 3._o decret_a greg._n tit_n 41._o cal._n cum_fw-la do_v 2._o the_o use_v of_o a_o strange_a language_n and_o not_o understand_v in_o the_o outward_a service_n of_o the_o mass_n bull_n and_o indulgence_n and_o other_o like_a tradition_n all_o which_o as_o they_o say_v come_v
to_o they_o from_o the_o apostle_n although_o it_o be_v most_o clear_a and_o evident_a by_o ancient_a history_n that_o they_o have_v for_o most_o part_n be_v institute_v long_o after_o by_o the_o pope_n themselves_o for_o pope_n innocent_n do_v forbid_v the_o give_v of_o the_o cup_n in_o the_o lord_n supper_n to_o lay-people_n institute_v when_o and_o by_o what_o pope_n the_o tradition_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n have_v be_v institute_v follow_v the_o decree_n of_o the_o laterane_n council_n also_o he_o ordain_v that_o the_o consecrate_a bread_n shall_v be_v receive_v only_o upon_o easter-day_n which_o bread_n be_v more_o proper_o call_v the_o eucharist_n or_o bread_n of_o thanksgiving_n eugenius_n the_o four_o decree_v the_o contrary_a in_o the_o council_n of_o basill_n innocent_a and_o honorius_n institute_v that_o the_o consecrate_a bread_n shall_v be_v reserve_v and_o keep_v for_o diverse_a and_o sundry_a purpose_n in_o church_n with_o great_a veneration_n and_o reverence_n contrariwise_o pope_n clement_n will_v not_o suffer_v the_o say_a bread_n to_o be_v keep_v and_o reserve_v till_o the_o next_o day_n vitilian_n the_o second_o and_o agatho_n or_o agathus_n the_o first_o do_v decree_n that_o the_o mass_n shall_v be_v administer_v in_o latin_a and_o nicholas_n the_o first_o on_o the_o other_o side_n give_v leave_v to_o the_o sclavonian_n and_o polonian_n to_o administer_v and_o sing_v the_o mass_n in_o their_o own_o language_n alexander_n the_o second_o command_v not_o to_o hear_v the_o mass_n which_o be_v sing_v by_o a_o priest_n that_o have_v a_o concubine_n on_o the_o contrary_a side_n lucius_z the_o three_o permit_v it_o siricius_n pelagius_n the_o second_o &_o some_o other_o pope_n have_v condemn_v the_o marriage_n of_o priest_n and_o opposite_a to_o that_o pius_fw-la the_o second_o have_v leave_v in_o write_v this_o sentence_n that_o marriage_n be_v debar_v unto_o priest_n for_o a_o pregnant_a and_o weighty_a cause_n but_o that_o it_o must_v be_v allow_v unto_o they_o again_o for_o a_o reason_n more_o urgent_a and_o peremptory_a leo_fw-la the_o first_o gregory_z the_o second_o and_o three_o and_o diverse_a other_o pope_n have_v approve_v of_o the_o worship_v of_o image_n contrariwise_o john_n the_o 23._o great_o detest_a image_n in_o the_o church_n boniface_n the_o four_o give_v power_n and_o authority_n to_o cordiliers_n to_o preach_v to_o baptise_v and_o to_o give_v absolution_n contrary_a whereunto_o gregory_n deprive_v they_o of_o that_o power_n john_n the_o 24._o adijce_v con._n 16._o qua_fw-la 8._o adijce_v hold_v for_o a_o sound_a article_n of_o faith_n that_o the_o apostlos_n never_o make_v vow_n of_o poverty_n and_o of_o continency_n pius_fw-la the_o second_o say_v that_o beg_a monk_n be_v the_o slave_n of_o the_o devil_n add_v these_o verse_n non_fw-la audet_fw-la stigius_fw-la daemon_n tentare_fw-la quod_fw-la audet_fw-la effraevis_fw-la monachus_n plenaque_fw-la fraudi_fw-la anus_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o very_a devil_n dare_v not_o undergo_v what_o lawless_a monk_n and_o crafty_a hug_n will_v do_v pelagius_n the_o first_o ordain_v that_o clerk_n shall_v daily_o read_v hour_n which_o they_o call_v of_o seven_o hour_n long_a gregory_n the_o first_o command_v they_o to_o perform_v their_o service_n not_o by_o sing_v but_o by_o teach_v and_o preach_v public_o calixtus_n say_v that_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a to_o believe_v otherwise_o then_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n do_v pope_n julian_n contradict_v it_o boniface_n command_v to_o celebrate_v the_o jubilee_n every_o hundred_o year_n whereas_o clement_n the_o sixth_o have_v reduce_v &_o shorten_v it_o to_o the_o fiftiâ—h_a year_n boniface_n the_o nine_o to_o the_o three_o and_o thirty_o and_o sixtus_n the_o fourh_n to_o the_o 25._o and_o hadrian_n and_o leo_n the_o three_o give_v authority_n to_o the_o emperor_n charles_n to_o choose_v the_o pope_n but_o stephen_n the_o four_o and_o hadrian_n the_o four_o and_o sergius_n the_o second_o have_v ascribe_v the_o say_a authority_n to_o the_o ecclesiastical_a person_n to_o the_o magistrate_n and_o to_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n and_o alexander_n the_o second_o do_v only_o permit_v it_o to_o the_o cardinal_n final_o the_o whore_n matilda_n choose_v to_o be_v pope_n victor_n the_o three_o and_o vrbane_n the_o second_o as_o also_o the_o harlet_n theodora_n elect_v john_n the_o eleven_o unlearned_a ficinensis_fw-la lib._n 1._o cap._n 3._o pope_n lay-man_n ignorant_a or_o unlearned_a the_o strumpet_n marozia_n sergius_n the_o three_o antheras_fw-la ordain_o that_o none_o shall_v be_v choose_v pope_n who_o have_v not_o first_o be_v bishop_n contrariwise_o to_o which_o decree_n constantine_n the_o second_o and_o benedict_n the_o eight_o be_v lay_v person_n benedict_n the_o nine_o and_o john_n the_o second_o be_v altogether_o ignorant_a and_o unlearned_a utriusque_fw-la can._n omnibus_fw-la utriusque_fw-la gregory_n the_o first_o do_v forbid_v to_o eat_v flesh_n milk_n cheese_n butter_n egg_n on_o fast_v day_n eleutherius_fw-la ordain_v contrary_o that_o no_o meat_n shall_v superstitious_o be_v refuse_v innocent_n the_o three_o bring_v in_o auricular_a confession_n nectarius_n patriarch_n of_o constantinople_n on_o the_o other-side_n do_v abrogate_v it_o because_o that_o under_o colour_n of_o confession_n a_o adultery_n be_v commit_v honorius_n the_o three_o institute_v the_o elivation_n nom_fw-fr de_fw-fr conse_n do_v 1._o can_v vata_fw-gr do_v 96._o can_n ubi_fw-la nom_fw-fr lift_v up_o of_o the_o bread_n in_o the_o mass_n gregory_n the_o nine_o that_o a_o little_a bell_n shall_v be_v ring_v at_o the_o same_o instant_a and_o innocent_a the_o four_o that_o at_o the_o very_a instant_a man_n shall_v fall_v on_o their_o knee_n zephirin_fw-mi bring_v in_o chalice_n of_o glass_n instead_o of_o wooden_a one_o and_o vrban_a chalice_n or_o cup_n of_o gold_n instead_o of_o glass_n nicholas_n the_o first_o exclude_v from_o the_o counsel_n emp._n as_o be_v lie_v person_n one_o the_o other-side_n marcellus_n damasus_n and_o julius_n permit_v they_o to_o assist_v and_o be_v present_a at_o counsel_n pontifi_n plat_v devitis_fw-la pontifi_n stephen_n abolish_v open_o the_o decree_n of_o constantine_n the_o second_o stephen_n the_o sixth_o likewise_o reject_v the_o decree_n of_o formosus_fw-la &_o romanus_n the_o first_o disannul_v the_o decree_n of_o stephen_n the_o sixth_o and_o theodorus_n those_o of_o romanus_n and_o damasus_n those_o of_o liberius_n and_o paul_n the_o second_o those_o of_o pius_n the_o second_o behold_v say_v the_o reform_a the_o tradition_n gerson_n alphon._n con_v haeres_fw-la lib._n 1._o cap._n 4._o here._n marcel_n eckine_n johan_n gerson_n decree_n and_o canon_n which_o the_o papist_n will_v attribute_v to_o the_o apostle_n behold_v the_o christian_a religion_n which_o the_o pope_n of_o rome_n boast_v to_o have_v preserve_v and_o continue_v so_o sincere_a and_o pure_a without_o say_v any_o thing_n of_o the_o most_o manifest_a heresy_n of_o the_o pope_n that_o be_v to_o say_v that_o pope_n honorius_n be_v a_o monothelite_n that_o liberius_n be_v a_o arrian_n that_o marcellinus_n sacrifice_v to_o the_o idol_n of_o the_o pagan_n that_o anastatius_fw-la be_v a_o photrinian_n and_o john_n the_o 22._o hold_v opinion_n that_o soul_n perish_v and_o die_v before_o the_o day_n of_o judgement_n sacrilege_n the_o four_o cause_n of_o refusal_n the_o four_o cause_n and_o reason_n why_o the_o reform_a christian_n will_v not_o consent_v to_o receive_v the_o pope_n for_o their_o judge_n be_v their_o simony_n reason_n the_o four_o reason_n for_o it_o be_v very_o clear_a and_o manifest_a that_o the_o pope_n gather_v together_o more_o gold_n and_o silver_n by_o annates_fw-la first_o fruit_n or_o vacanties_n by_o presentation_n resignation_n in_o favour_n recommendation_n dispensation_n for_o age_n and_o regularity_n of_o bodily_a infirmity_n by_o grace_n or_o favour_n expectative_a revolution_n benefice_n vacant_a exemption_n of_o visitation_n creation_n of_o notarâ—â—s_n and_o protonotary_n apostolic_a for_o non_fw-la obstantes_fw-la for_o indulgence_n to_o scule_a priest_n for_o revocation_n for_o toleration_n and_o suffering_n of_o concubine_n and_o for_o diverse_a such_o like_a chaffer_n then_o all_o the_o roman_a monarch_n ever_o can_v collect_v or_o raise_v from_o all_o the_o quarter_n of_o the_o world_n during_o the_o time_n that_o the_o roman_a monarchy_n be_v in_o most_o flourish_a estate_n there_o be_v extant_a at_o this_o day_n a_o complaint_n in_o write_v of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o france_n simony_n the_o complaint_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o france_n touch_v the_o pope_n simony_n that_o the_o pope_n have_v wont_v yearly_o to_o draw_v out_o of_o the_o realm_n only_o about_o eight_o and_o twenty_o ton_n of_o gold_n diverse_a other_o such_o like_a complaint_n of_o king_n may_v be_v ready_o find_v out_o yea_o of_o clerk_n themselves_o and_o of_o other_o great_a ecclesiastical_a person_n all_o which_o accuse_v very_o great_o the_o simony_n of_o pope_n and_o how_o true_a all_o it_o aforesaid_a be_v it_o manifest_o appear_v by_o the_o
only_a example_n of_o john_n the_o 22._o 22._o the_o excessive_a treasure_n of_o john_n the_o 22._o who_o leave_v after_o his_o death_n in_o his_o own_o treasury_n about_o the_o sum_n of_o two_o hundred_o and_o fift_v ton_n of_o gold_n as_o francis_n petrarch_n a_o author_n worthy_a of_o credit_n do_v plain_o testify_v boniface_n the_o seven_o see_v he_o can_v stay_v no_o long_o at_o rome_n in_o safety_n by_o stealth_n convey_v away_o out_o of_o the_o chest_n or_o shrine_n of_o saint_n peter_n the_o most_o precious_a jewel_n keep_v therein_o &_o flee_v to_o constantinople_n clement_n the_o eight_o and_o diverse_a other_o pope_n have_v be_v often_o convince_v by_o their_o own_o fellow_n of_o such_o like_a sacrilege_n gregory_n the_o nine_o sell_v to_o the_o emperor_n his_o absolution_n for_o a_o hundred_o thousand_o ounce_n of_o gold_n benedict_n the_o twelve_o be_v possess_v with_o fear_n sell_v to_o gregory_n the_o sixth_o the_o popedom_n for_o five_o and_o twenty_o hundred_o pound_n of_o silver_n the_o simony_n of_o alexander_n the_o sixth_o be_v also_o sufficient_o know_v by_o his_o epitaph_n which_o be_v yet_o fresh_a in_o memory_n vendit_fw-la alexander_n coelos_n altaria_fw-la christum_fw-la emerat_fw-la ille_fw-la prius_fw-la vendere_fw-la jure_fw-la potest_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v heaven_n altar_n christ_n do_v alexander_n sell_v he_o buy_v they_o first_o sell_v they_o he_o may_v as_o well_o furthermore_o how_o leo_n the_o ten_o cause_v to_o be_v sell_v by_o tetzalias_n and_o diverse_a other_o pope_n by_o their_o emissary_n or_o legate_n their_o indulgence_n bull_n &_o pardon_n be_v better_a know_v throughout_o all_o christendom_n then_o be_v wel-pleasing_a to_o the_o pope_n treason_n the_o five_o cause_n of_o refusal_n the_o five_o cause_n wherefore_o the_o pope_n can_v be_v good_a judge_n in_o the_o difference_n say_v the_o reform_a be_v the_o crime_n of_o high_a treason_n or_o conspiracy_n reason_n the_o five_o reason_n for_o they_o prove_v by_o true_a history_n that_o in_o all_o time_n they_o hold_v the_o emperor_n king_n ob_v extrava_n de_fw-fr maior_fw-la &_o ob_v can._n 1._o extra_fw-la mat._n con_fw-la extra_n de_fw-fr ma._n &_o ob_v and_o prince_n of_o all_o europe_n not_o only_o for_o their_o vassal_n and_o liege-man_n or_o homager_n but_o also_o for_o their_o vile_a slave_n and_o base_a servant_n pope_n adrian_n alight_v from_o his_o horse_n as_o the_o emperor_n frederick_n barbarossa_n pope_n the_o emperor_n horsekeeper_n to_o the_o pope_n with_o great_a reverence_n approach_v to_o the_o right_a side_n of_o his_o horse_n to_o hold_v his_o stirrup_n the_o pope_n be_v offend_v at_o the_o fault_n commit_v by_o the_o emperor_n pontif._n hol._n chron_n 5._o cal._n cap._n 8._o nau._n lib._n 1._o gen._n 79._o ram._n in_o vit_fw-mi pontif._n reprove_v he_o somewhat_o sharp_o whereupon_o the_o emperor_n still_o full_a of_o devotion_n answer_v in_o excuse_n that_o it_o so_o fall_v out_o with_o he_o because_o he_o be_v not_o accustom_v to_o hold_v stirrup_n and_o that_o it_o be_v the_o first_o time_n he_o ever_o exercise_v such_o a_o office_n and_o the_o pope_n choler_n be_v the_o more_o stir_v by_o such_o a_o excuse_n the_o emperor_n say_v unto_o he_o i_o will_v fain_o know_v whether_o this_o my_o service_n proceed_v from_o goodwill_n or_o from_o duty_n if_o it_o come_v from_o good_a will_n who_o will_v tax_v for_o any_o negligence_n he_o that_o be_v officious_a and_o ready_a to_o do_v service_n and_o if_o it_o proceed_v not_o of_o duty_n it_o import_v not_o much_o on_o which_o side_n he_o hold_v the_o stirrup_n who_o come_v but_o to_o show_v and_o perform_v courtesy_n and_o service_n the_o next_o day_n the_o emperor_n meet_v the_o pope_n and_o be_v become_v more_o circumspect_a by_o the_o foresay_a reprehension_n hold_v the_o left_a stirrup_n so_o conduct_v and_o guide_v the_o pope_n towards_o his_o army_n behold_v sure_o a_o exceed_a contempt_n and_o disgrace_n of_o superior_a authority_n cron_n nau_o ga._n 39_o bern._n dâ—pen_a funct_a in_o cron_n and_o yet_o the_o reform_a affirm_v that_o they_o can_v produce_v a_o great_a despitefulnes_n and_o indignity_n that_o be_v to_o say_v of_o alexander_n who_o become_v pope_n after_o adrian_n aforesaid_a for_o he_o have_v excommunicate_v the_o say_a emperor_n frederick_n barbarossa_n when_o he_o request_v to_o be_v absolve_v of_o his_o excommunication_n the_o pope_n assign_v he_o a_o certain_a day_n upon_o which_o he_o shall_v appear_v in_o the_o great_a church_n of_o venice_n whither_o be_v come_v into_o the_o presence_n of_o this_o pope_n and_o of_o many_o cardinal_n and_o bishop_n he_o will_v not_o give_v he_o his_o absolution_n unless_o first_o he_o prostrate_v and_o cast_v himself_o down_o at_o his_o foot_n entreat_v pardon_n of_o he_o the_o which_o the_o emperor_n do_v the_o pope_n lift_v up_o his_o foot_n and_o put_v it_o on_o his_o neck_n cause_v at_o the_o instant_n his_o prelate_n to_o sing_v that_o verse_n of_o the_o 91._o psalm_n platinâ—_n platinâ—_n thou_o shall_v walk_v upon_o the_o lion_n and_o asp_n the_o young_a lion_n and_o the_o dragon_n shall_v thou_o tread_v under_o thy_o foot_n wherewith_o the_o emperor_n be_v much_o displease_v answer_v hereunto_o not_o unto_o thou_o but_o to_o saint_n peter_n but_o the_o pope_n tread_v the_o second_o time_n on_o the_o emperor_n neck_n reply_v both_o to_o i_o and_o to_o saint_n peter_n and_o the_o history_n of_o philip_n the_o fair_a king_n of_o france_n agree_v very_o well_o with_o the_o former_a for_o whereas_o the_o say_a king_n be_v by_o boniface_n the_o eight_o banish_v or_o accurse_v as_o a_o heretic_n and_o enthusiast_n the_o king_n notwithstanding_o surcease_v not_o to_o proceed_v in_o his_o resolution_n and_o after_o he_o have_v convince_v the_o say_a pope_n by_o evident_a testimony_n of_o diverse_a grievous_a fault_n and_o offence_n he_o cause_v he_o to_o be_v imprison_v in_o rome_n and_o as_o this_o pope_n enter_v like_o a_o fox_n and_o reign_v as_o a_o lion_n in_o the_o end_n he_o die_v like_o a_o dog_n in_o the_o year_n 1300._o a_o great_a number_n of_o people_n of_o all_o nation_n be_v assemble_v in_o rome_n to_o celebrate_v the_o jubilee_n the_o same_o boniface_n show_v himself_o to_o the_o people_n the_o first_o day_n adorn_v with_o pontifical_a vestment_n and_o attire_n cap._n the_o pope_n bear_v the_o two_o sword_n abbas_n vesp_n in_o pâ—â—a_n annal._n gal._n mâ—â—_n in_o euseb_n cap._n and_o the_o next_o day_n appear_v in_o imperial_a habit_n cause_v a_o naked_a sword_n to_o be_v carry_v before_o he_o cry_v with_o a_o loud_a voice_n i_o be_o pope_n and_o emperor_n i_o have_v signiory_n or_o dominion_n earthly_a and_o celestial_a and_o a_o few_o day_n after_o when_o albert_n who_o be_v choose_v emperor_n by_o the_o elector_n request_v to_o be_v confirm_v by_o the_o say_a pope_n he_o refuse_v at_o the_o first_o entreaty_n say_v that_o such_o a_o election_n as_o be_v make_v without_o his_o commandment_n &_o authority_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v esteem_v for_o good_a and_o lawful_a yet_o within_o a_o short_a time_n after_o he_o condescend_v to_o the_o desire_n of_o the_o emperor_n but_o under_o this_o condition_n that_o upon_o the_o first_o occasion_n offer_v he_o shall_v invade_v the_o kingdom_n of_o france_n innocent_n the_o three_o do_v so_o hate_v the_o emperor_n philip_n because_o he_o be_v choose_v emperor_n against_o his_o will_n that_o he_o oftentime_o say_v let_v either_o the_o pope_n take_v away_o the_o imperial_a crown_n or_o let_v philip_n take_v the_o apostolical_a diadem_n from_o the_o pope_n imper_n ab_fw-la vesp_n ser._n plat._n mars_n a_o gal._n &_o imper_n clement_n the_o sixth_o say_v to_o the_o ambassador_n that_o he_o will_v never_o give_v absolution_n to_o their_o king_n lodowicke_n or_o lewis_n for_o his_o offence_n unless_o free_o yield_v up_o his_o kingdom_n he_o commit_v himself_o with_o his_o kingdom_n and_o all_o his_o good_n into_o the_o pope_n power_n with_o promise_v not_o to_o accept_v nor_o receive_v again_o any_o of_o those_o thing_n but_o from_o the_o mere_a favour_n and_o only_a grace_n of_o the_o pope_n the_o reform_a add_v moreover_o to_o the_o former_a that_o upon_o the_o same_o foundation_n and_o ground_n pope_n constantine_n the_o first_o be_v the_o first_o that_o cause_v the_o emperor_n to_o kiss_v his_o foot_n that_o martin_n the_o five_o cause_v the_o emperor_n sigismond_n to_o do_v the_o like_a as_o also_o john_n the_o 17._o crescent_a consul_n of_o rome_n pope_n emperor_n excommunicate_v by_o pope_n and_o benedict_n the_o three_o the_o emperor_n moreover_o say_v the_o reform_a this_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v pass_v over_o in_o silence_n that_o be_v to_o say_v that_o pope_n innocent_a the_o three_o excommunicate_v o_o though_o the_o four_o as_o also_o gregory_n the_o seven_o excommunicate_v henry_n the_o four_o and_o paschall_n the_o second_o 138._o aug._n stan_n
lib._n 2._o de_fw-la const_n pag._n 138._o henry_n the_o five_o adrian_n the_o four_o and_o alexander_n excommunicate_v frederick_n the_o first_o innocent_a the_o three_o philip_n the_o son_n of_o frederick_n gregory_n the_o nine_o frederick_n the_o second_o and_o that_o three_o sundry_a time_n to_o be_v brief_a innocent_a the_o four_o conradus_n the_o four_o and_o all_o this_o be_v do_v for_o the_o most_o part_n because_o they_o will_v not_o in_o all_o thing_n perform_v the_o will_n of_o the_o pope_n and_o even_o still_o at_o this_o present_a the_o great_a part_n of_o king_n and_o realm_n prince_n and_o potentate_n of_o christendom_n be_v in_o subjection_n to_o the_o pope_n as_o his_o vassal_n and_o homager_n perfidiousness_n the_o sixth_o reason_n of_o refusal_n in_o the_o sixth_o place_n refusal_n persidiousnes_n the_o sixth_o reason_n of_o refusal_n the_o reform_a accuse_v the_o pope_n of_o perfidiousness_n or_o faithlesness_n and_o sedition_n show_v by_o ancient_a history_n worthy_a of_o credit_n that_o the_o pope_n have_v ever_o tend_v to_o this_o end_n and_o purpose_n &_o so_o soon_o as_o they_o understand_v that_o any_o difference_n and_o dissension_n be_v raise_v or_o set_v on_o foot_n between_o king_n and_o great_a potentate_n to_o entertain_v and_o nourish_v the_o same_o debate_n and_o dissension_n by_o their_o emissary_n and_o messenger_n but_o yet_o according_a or_o compound_v with_o the_o one_o or_o the_o other_o party_n that_o if_o so_o be_v either_o of_o the_o two_o can_v usurp_v or_o obtain_v that_o kingdom_n of_o his_o adversary_n that_o then_o he_o shall_v make_v some_o acknowledgement_n to_o the_o roman_a see_v for_o so_o good_a and_o happy_a success_n and_o so_o soon_o as_o the_o say_a accord_n and_o secret_a conspiracy_n pass_v be_v consent_v unto_o the_o adverse_a party_n be_v forthwith_o excommunicate_v by_o the_o pope_n as_o a_o heretic_n &_o his_o realm_n expose_v as_o a_o prey_n to_o whosoever_o will_v invade_v or_o conquer_v it_o first_o by_o put_v in_o for_o it_o the_o which_o the_o reform_a show_n by_o express_a example_n for_o touch_v the_o first_o although_o the_o king_n of_o france_n lewis_n the_o 12._o deliver_v to_o the_o pope_n julius_n two_o certain_a city_n so_o it_o be_v that_o the_o pope_n not_o therewith_o content_v do_v cast_v he_o out_o of_o his_o protection_n and_o expose_v his_o realm_n to_o devastation_n or_o spoil_n 5._o arnobius_n benn_n juil_a bul._n mass_n lib._n 5._o and_o whereas_o the_o same_o pope_n julius_n for_o diverse_a wicked_a and_o scandalous_a fact_n which_o be_v hereafter_o recite_v be_v suspend_v from_o his_o papal_a authority_n by_o the_o counsel_n of_o pisa_n albeit_o the_o say_a counsel_n be_v disturb_v by_o the_o say_a pope_n and_o transport_v to_o lion_n he_o be_v enrage_v with_o such_o choler_n that_o he_o be_v resolve_v to_o leavy_v a_o army_n and_o to_o enter_v into_o france_n and_o when_o all_o thing_n be_v in_o readiness_n and_o himself_o mount_v on_o horseback_n he_o cause_v the_o soldier_n to_o pass_v through_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n sword_n the_o pope_n cast_v s._n peter_n key_n into_o tiber_n and_o draw_v s._n paul_n sword_n beyond_o the_o river_n tiber_n and_o pronounce_v aloud_o and_o plain_o these_o word_n in_o presence_n of_o many_o thousand_o of_o people_n go_v to_o since_o the_o key_n of_o s._n peter_n be_v no_o more_o available_a let_v we_o unsheathe_v the_o rusty_a sword_n of_o s._n paul_n and_o therewithal_o cast_v saint_n peter_n key_n into_o tiber_n he_o draw_v his_o sword_n threaten_v with_o a_o grim_a and_o frown_a countenance_n and_o gnash_n his_o tooth_n to_o ruinate_v and_o utter_o destroy_v the_o frenchman_n the_o ensample_n of_o philip_n augustus_n be_v also_o like_a to_o the_o former_a for_o the_o say_a king_n philip_n have_v conquer_v from_o the_o english_a a_o great_a part_n of_o his_o kingdom_n pope_n innocent_a the_o three_o first_o send_v two_o legate_n into_o france_n to_o trouble_v the_o state_n and_o to_o stir_v up_o tumult_n and_o sedition_n and_o afterward_o have_v so_o incite_v &_o incense_v otho_n the_o three_o and_z ferdinand_z earl_n of_o flanders_n against_o the_o french_a that_o they_o have_v at_o that_o time_n lose_v their_o kingdom_n if_o the_o two_o prince_n aforesaid_a have_v not_o by_o their_o constancy_n hinder_v and_o withstand_v the_o wicked_a imagination_n &_o plot_n of_o the_o pope_n but_o what_o be_v this_o say_v the_o reform_a to_o produce_v such_o ancient_a history_n consider_v that_o modern_a example_n be_v yet_o fresh_a in_o every_o man_n memory_n the_o year_n 1585._o pope_n sixtus_n the_o five_o thunder_v &_o lighten_v with_o his_o excommunication_n against_o henry_n of_o burbone_n king_n of_o france_n &_o of_o navarre_n navar._n brut._n fulmen_fw-la six_o 5._o in_o regi_fw-la gall._n &_o navar._n and_o against_o henry_n of_o burbone_n prince_n of_o condy_n likewise_o against_o all_o their_o race_n and_o posterity_n and_o have_v excommunicate_v they_o as_o heretic_n do_v therewithal_o give_v in_o pray_v all_o their_o country_n and_o city_n and_o that_o also_o which_o afterward_o fall_v out_o be_v sufficient_o know_v to_o all_o which_o be_v that_o the_o same_o pope_n sixtus_n the_o year_n 1588._o solemn_o proclaim_v the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n to_o be_v heretical_a and_o give_v the_o same_o to_o philip_n king_n of_o spain_n if_o we_o will_v also_o behold_v and_o consider_v the_o perfidiousnes_n or_o faithlesness_n and_o spiritual_a and_o ecclesiastical_a disloyalty_n of_o pope_n we_o shall_v find_v in_o ancient_a history_n that_o the_o pope_n of_o rome_n have_v in_o all_o time_n contend_v among_o themselves_o for_o the_o papal_a chair_n or_o dignity_n for_o john_n the_o twenty_o four_o be_v come_v to_o bolonia_n as_o legate_n with_o many_o soldier_n pope_n the_o ecclesiastical_a perfidiousnes_n of_o pope_n much_o threaten_v all_o the_o cardinal_n if_o they_o choose_v a_o pope_n that_o be_v not_o to_o his_o like_n &_o diverse_a be_v name_v and_o propound_v to_o none_o of_o which_o he_o will_v give_v his_o consent_n at_o length_n he_o be_v require_v that_o himself_o will_v signify_v who_o he_o will_v have_v to_o be_v choose_v then_o he_o say_v give_v i_o this_o vestment_n or_o attire_n of_o s._n peter_n venetus_fw-la pope_n choose_v themselves_o stella_fw-la venetus_fw-la and_o i_o will_v deliver_v it_o to_o he_o that_o shall_v be_v pope_n which_o be_v do_v he_o put_v it_o upon_o himself_o and_o say_v i_o be_o the_o pope_n and_o albeit_o this_o act_n great_o displease_v all_o the_o other_o cardinal_n they_o be_v notwithstanding_o force_v against_o their_o will_n to_o yield_v consent_n in_o like_a manner_n john_n the_o twenty_o two_o choose_v himself_o to_o be_v pope_n when_o the_o election_n be_v refer_v to_o he_o the_o reform_a christian_n say_v moreover_o that_o they_o can_v prove_v that_o the_o same_o time_n there_o have_v be_v govern_v four_o three_o and_o two_o pope_n at_o the_o same_o time_n govern_v sometime_o four_o sometime_o three_o sometime_o two_o pope_n for_o victor_n alexander_n the_o three_o calixtus_n the_o three_o and_o paschall_n have_v altogether_o at_o once_o the_o papal_a authority_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o emperor_n frederick_n barbarossa_n and_o benedict_n the_o eight_o silvester_n the_o second_o and_o gregory_n the_o five_o be_v pope_n all_o at_o a_o time_n until_o at_o the_o length_n henry_n the_o three_o emperor_n depose_v they_o likewise_o gregory_n the_o twelve_o benedict_n the_o thirteen_o and_o alexander_n do_v by_o excommunication_n arrogate_v or_o obtain_v the_o papal_a authority_n all_o of_o they_o thunder_v their_o thunderbolt_n the_o same_o time_n moreover_o diverse_a of_o they_o have_v challenge_v the_o triple_a crown_n and_o for_o the_o same_o have_v make_v war_n one_o against_o the_o other_o stephen_n the_o three_o against_o constantine_n sergius_n the_o three_o against_o christopher_n vrbane_n the_o five_o against_o clement_n the_o seven_o eugenius_n the_o four_o against_o clement_n the_o eight_o and_o diverse_a other_o pope_n the_o mention_v of_o which_o will_v be_v too_o tedious_a and_o troublesome_a have_v do_v the_o like_a as_o be_v verify_v by_o their_o own_o historiographer_n let_v every_o man_n judge_v then_o say_v the_o reform_a if_o these_o act_n above_o mention_v may_v not_o right_o be_v call_v perfidiousness_n and_o sedition_n antichristianisme_n the_o seven_o cause_n of_o refusal_n in_o the_o seven_o place_n reason_n the_o seven_o reason_n the_o pope_n can_v be_v competent_a and_o sufficient_a judge_n in_o the_o controversy_n of_o religion_n for_o that_o as_o the_o reform_a maintain_n the_o pope_n themselves_o be_v that_o antichrist_n which_o the_o holy_a scripture_n testify_v to_o be_v the_o wicked_a one_o the_o same_o child_n of_o perdition_n 4._o 2_o thes_n 2._o apoc._n 17._o 1_o cor._n 1.6_o 2_o cor._n 6._o ephes_n 2._o 1_o tim._n 4._o that_o oppose_v and_o lift_v up_o himself_o against_o all_o which_o be_v
the_o pope_n seat_n cry_v come_v wretched_a creature_n to_o the_o judgement_n of_o god_n so_o that_o the_o next_o day_n the_o pope_n be_v find_v dead_a upon_o his_o bed_n all_o his_o body_n be_v black_a and_o blue_a as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v beat_v and_o bruise_a with_o blow_n of_o a_o cudgel_n nicholas_n the_o three_o die_v sudden_o be_v strike_v with_o a_o apoplexy_n leo_fw-la the_o ten_o die_v laugh_v and_o drink_v roundly_o clement_n the_o eight_o have_v conspire_v with_o francis_n king_n of_o france_n against_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o five_o be_v afterward_o imprison_v by_o the_o captain_n of_o the_o emperor_n and_o deride_v after_o a_o strange_a fashion_n and_o after_o they_o have_v peel_v or_o sack_v the_o city_n of_o rome_n he_o be_v restore_v to_o his_o pontifical_a authority_n but_o final_o be_v stifle_v or_o smother_v with_o certain_a cardinal_n by_o the_o smoke_n of_o certain_a torch_n and_o waxen_a light_n hitherto_o have_v we_o understand_v the_o course_n &_o reason_n wherefore_o the_o reform_a christian_n will_v not_o accept_v the_o pope_n for_o there_o judge_n in_o matter_n of_o religion_n for_o they_o say_v in_o the_o first_o place_n that_o it_o be_v repugnant_a to_o all_o law_n and_o right_n both_o divine_a and_o humane_a that_o in_o this_o cause_n or_o suit_n pope_n shall_v be_v both_o accuser_n and_o judge_n and_o that_o which_o be_v more_o according_a to_o the_o common_a judgement_n and_o opinion_n of_o the_o canonist_n the_o pope_n alone_o can_v pronounce_v sentence_n upon_o a_o heresy_n but_o must_v therein_o be_v judge_v also_o by_o other_o add_v farther_o hereunto_o so_o many_o wicked_a act_n of_o the_o pope_n whereof_o albeit_o they_o be_v not_o convict_v and_o condemn_v but_o only_o accuse_v yet_o so_o it_o be_v that_o they_o not_o only_o can_v be_v judge_n in_o religion_n but_o be_v also_o incapable_a of_o accuse_v the_o mean_a person_n before_o they_o have_v sufficient_o purge_v and_o excuse_v themselves_o of_o all_o the_o before_o mention_v enormity_n final_o for_o so_o much_o as_o this_o be_v agreeable_a to_o all_o natural_a right_n and_o reason_n that_o be_v to_o say_v that_o in_o all_o affair_n and_o consultation_n of_o importance_n every_o thing_n be_v resolve_v upon_o and_o conclude_v according_a to_o the_o opinion_n and_o sentence_n of_o the_o great_a and_o principal_a part_n especial_o when_o the_o great_a part_n be_v esteem_v or_o consider_v not_o only_o according_a to_o the_o number_n of_o person_n but_o chief_o according_a to_o the_o nature_n worthiness_n and_o importance_n of_o the_o whole_a affair_n or_o matter_n and_o goodness_n of_o the_o cause_n and_o consider_v that_o all_o the_o realm_n and_o nation_n heretofore_o mention_v which_o accuse_v the_o pope_n do_v large_o extend_v and_o amount_v to_o the_o two_o principal_a part_n of_o christendom_n &_o consequent_o there_o remain_v for_o the_o roman_a catholic_n but_o one_o of_o the_o principal_a part_n of_o christendom_n the_o reform_a conclude_v that_o they_o may_v with_o all_o right_a &_o reason_n reject_v the_o pope_n as_o incompetent_a and_o unlawful_a judge_n wherefore_o say_v the_o reform_a let_v the_o pope_n of_o rome_n first_o and_o foremost_a purge_v themselves_o of_o all_o the_o aforesaid_a abominable_a act_n and_o heinous_a villainy_n whereof_o they_o be_v accuse_v or_o else_o if_o they_o can_v do_v it_o let_v they_o forbear_v to_o intrude_v themselves_o in_o quality_n or_o title_n of_o judge_n touch_v the_o difference_n of_o religion_n otherwise_o the_o reform_a say_v that_o they_o shall_v have_v just_a occasion_n to_o make_v that_o answer_n to_o pope_n which_o be_v heretofore_o address_v or_o return_v to_o pope_n john_n bishop_n by_o the_o greek_a church_n the_o which_o church_n the_o pope_n have_v write_v unto_o then_o that_o he_o alone_o be_v the_o head_n of_o all_o the_o church_n and_o the_o only_a and_o proper_a vicar_n of_o jesus_n christ_n they_o answer_v he_o brief_o in_o these_o term_n pope_n the_o letter_n of_o 7._o church_n to_o the_o pope_n we_o firm_o believe_v thy_o great_a authority_n over_o they_o that_o be_v subject_a unto_o thou_o we_o can_v endure_v thy_o great_a pride_n and_o ambition_n we_o can_v justify_v thy_o great_a covetousness_n the_o devil_n be_v with_o thou_o for_o god_n be_v with_o us._n the_o reform_a come_v now_o to_o declare_v wherefore_o and_o how_o far_o forth_o they_o will_v not_o acknowledge_v the_o counsel_n nor_o admit_v they_o for_o their_o judge_n for_o they_o refuse_v they_o as_o they_o say_v religion_n why_o the_o counsel_n be_v refuse_v to_o be_v judge_n in_o religion_n for_o diverse_a and_o sundry_a weighty_a reason_n and_o first_o of_o all_o they_o affirm_v that_o there_o be_v diverse_a counsel_n which_o have_v gross_o err_v not_o only_o in_o discipline_n and_o outward_a order_n but_o also_o in_o that_o which_o concern_v the_o honour_n of_o our_o saviour_n jesus_n christ_n refusal_n the_o 1._o reason_n of_o refusal_n whence_o it_o have_v come_v to_o pass_v that_o oftentimes_o provincial_n synod_n have_v be_v correct_v and_o control_v by_o general_n counsel_n and_o general_n counsel_n by_o provincial_a second_o refusal_n the_o 2._o reason_n of_o refusal_n the_o principal_a and_o best_a counsel_n have_v not_o always_o treat_v of_o all_o the_o point_n and_o article_n of_o chrstian_n faith_n but_o only_o of_o certain_a difference_n which_o be_v then_o most_o question_v moreover_o it_o appear_v by_o history_n that_o even_o in_o the_o best_a golden_a age_n the_o pride_n and_o ambition_n or_o the_o curiosity_n or_o impudence_n and_o indiscretion_n or_o else_o the_o dissoluteness_n or_o evil_a carriage_n of_o certain_a bishop_n and_o pastor_n have_v be_v such_o as_o it_o seem_v that_o ofttimes_o in_o the_o counsel_n and_o synod_n the_o spirit_n of_o god_n do_v not_o govern_v but_o rather_o the_o unclean_a spirit_n who_o then_o prevail_v &_o get_v the_o upper_a hand_n in_o brief_a we_o read_v that_o in_o these_o last_o age_n such_o counsel_n have_v be_v hold_v as_o have_v bring_v in_o and_o confirm_v false_a doctrine_n and_o unprofitable_a frivolous_a and_o hurtful_a ceremony_n and_o that_o not_o by_o argument_n or_o reason_n or_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o word_n of_o god_n but_o rather_o by_o strong_a force_n &_o by_o way_n of_o arm_n and_o to_o the_o end_n no_o man_n may_v think_v all_o this_o to_o be_v devise_v as_o a_o false_a and_o malicious_a accusation_n the_o reform_a affirm_v that_o they_o can_v plain_o prove_v it_o by_o a_o brief_a rehearsal_n and_o register_n of_o the_o counsel_n for_o who_o shall_v diligent_o search_v into_o ancient_a and_o modern_a history_n shall_v find_v this_o to_o be_v true_a that_o even_o as_o follow_v the_o ancient_a tradition_n of_o the_o house_n of_o elias_n all_o the_o time_n of_o the_o continuance_n of_o this_o world_n be_v divide_v into_o thrice_o three_o thousand_o year_n in_o like_a manner_n all_o the_o time_n from_o the_o first_o come_v of_o jesus_n christ_n until_o his_o last_o come_n at_o the_o day_n of_o judgement_n may_v be_v fit_o distribute_v into_o three_o period_n or_o part_n in_o which_o also_o all_o realm_n and_o principality_n have_v feel_v some_o alteration_n and_o change_n we_o find_v also_o that_o in_o those_o three_o periode_n testament_n three_o period_n or_o partition_n of_o time_n of_o the_o new_a testament_n or_o partition_n of_o time_n true_a christian_a religion_n and_o the_o universal_a church_n have_v increase_v and_o decrease_v like_o the_o moon_n for_o until_o about_o 500_o year_n after_o the_o birth_n of_o christ_n although_o that_o during_o the_o say_a time_n certain_a difference_n or_o controversy_n do_v arise_v touch_v the_o person_n of_o the_o son_n of_o god_n and_o other_o very_a important_a point_n of_o religion_n against_o ebion_n cerinthus_n and_o diverse_a other_o heretic_n yet_o the_o truth_n have_v always_o obtain_v the_o upper_a hand_n and_o during_o those_o first_o five_o hundred_o year_n the_o church_n of_o christ_n flourish_v be_v as_o it_o be_v in_o full_a moon_n for_o in_o this_o first_o period_n be_v hold_v the_o apostolical_a counsel_n and_o afterward_o all_o the_o four_o ecumenical_a counsel_n that_o be_v to_o say_v universal_a of_o the_o primitive_a church_n and_o indeed_o the_o first_o of_o all_o those_o ecumenical_a and_o general_n be_v assemble_v or_o call_v at_o nice_a by_o the_o emperor_n constantine_n the_o great_a nice_a con._n nice_a which_o confute_v and_o condemn_v the_o wicked_a heretic_n arrius_n the_o second_o be_v assemble_v or_o hold_v at_o constantinople_n by_o the_o emperor_n theodosius_n const_n con._n const_n which_o disproove_v and_o convince_v the_o macedonian_a heretic_n the_o three_o be_v assemble_v in_o ephesus_n ephes_n con._n ephes_n by_o the_o emperor_n theodosius_n the_o second_o son_n of_o arcadius_n which_o condemn_v the_o heretic_n nestorius_n the_o four_o be_v call_v and_o hold_v in_o chalcedon_n by_o
some_o other_o aver_v and_o acknowledge_v it_o the_o council_n of_o gelase_n decree_v against_o transubstantiation_n contrariwise_o that_o of_o florence_n in_o the_o time_n of_o victor_n the_o second_o and_o that_o of_o lateran_n in_o the_o time_n of_o innocent_a the_o three_o maintain_v &_o ratify_v it_o consider_v now_o well_o say_v the_o reform_a of_o what_o force_n and_o authority_n counsel_n can_v be_v and_o how_o little_a they_o consent_v and_o agree_v together_o so_o that_o for_o those_o and_o such_o like_a reason_n the_o reform_a will_v not_o accept_v or_o acknowledge_v the_o counsel_n for_o judge_n of_o the_o difference_n in_o religion_n but_o they_o will_v admit_v they_o for_o witness_n depose_v in_o this_o action_n or_o suit_n so_o far_o forth_o as_o their_o testimony_n agree_v with_o the_o public_a letter_n patent_n or_o word_n of_o the_o testament_n and_o with_o the_o word_n and_o meaning_n and_o intention_n of_o god_n our_o sovereign_a testator_n as_o also_o s._n austin_n advise_v we_o very_o well_o that_o be_v to_o say_v that_o in_o difference_n of_o the_o church_n we_o must_v neither_o follow_v the_o authority_n of_o the_o council_n of_o ephesus_n nor_o the_o council_n of_o arminium_n see_v we_o be_v not_o thereunto_o oblige_v but_o rather_o that_o by_o the_o authority_n and_o force_v of_o the_o holy_a scripture_n we_o shall_v set_v and_o weigh_v cause_n against_o cause_n &_o reason_n against_o reason_n also_o that_o we_o ought_v to_o give_v more_o credit_n to_o a_o layman_n who_o speak_v the_o truth_n accor_v to_o that_o which_o be_v contain_v in_o holy_a scripture_n then_o to_o a_o general_a council_n allege_v falsehood_n contrary_a to_o the_o scripture_n here_o now_o further_o follow_v the_o three_o kind_n of_o judge_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o ancient_a father_n religion_n the_o ancient_a father_n can_v be_v judge_n in_o religion_n which_o be_v also_o produce_v as_o judge_n of_o religion_n by_o they_o of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n but_o they_o of_o the_o reform_a church_n will_v not_o admit_v they_o absolute_o for_o their_o judge_n for_o first_o of_o all_o say_v they_o that_o there_o be_v very_o false_a doctor_n that_o be_v very_o ancient_a and_o which_o be_v more_o ancient_a father_n have_v also_o confess_v of_o themselves_o that_o they_o may_v all_o err_v and_o be_v deceive_v on_o the_o other_o side_n because_o that_o in_o the_o age_n ensue_v the_o false_a opinion_n and_o perverse_a persuasion_n touch_v the_o invocation_n of_o saint_n decease_v the_o too_o great_a veneration_n or_o reverence_v of_o martyr_n the_o allegorical_a and_o too_o curious_a exposition_n of_o holy_a scripture_n single_a life_n or_o abstinence_n from_o marriage_n monkery_n and_o monastical_a or_o retire_v kind_n of_o life_n and_o the_o great_a number_n of_o ceremony_n have_v be_v long_o since_o so_o deep_o root_v that_o even_o some_o learned_a doctor_n have_v not_o only_o endeavour_v to_o suppress_v the_o aforesaid_a error_n but_o contrariwise_o have_v rather_o uphold_v they_o partly_o through_o covetousness_n partly_o of_o ambition_n father_n the_o fault_n &_o error_n of_o the_o father_n partly_o also_o of_o set_v subtle_a purpose_n the_o which_o the_o reform_a say_v they_o can_v plain_o prove_v by_o diverse_a and_o sundry_a example_n but_o they_o suppose_v that_o those_o ensue_a will_n satisfy_v for_o this_o purpose_n all_o christian_n acknowledge_v in_o the_o first_o place_n tertullian_n for_o a_o good_a ancient_a father_n and_o a_o uncorrupt_a and_o orthodox_n doctor_n tertullian_n tertullian_n so_o far_o forth_o that_o he_o confute_v by_o the_o write_a word_n of_o god_n the_o heretic_n martion_n and_o praxias_n both_o which_o deny_v the_o divine_a and_o humane_a nature_n of_o jesus_n christ_n but_o for_o so_o much_o that_o he_o maintain_v the_o error_n of_o the_o chilliast_n and_o disallow_v of_o second_o marriage_n all_o christian_n must_v confess_v he_o err_v cipryan_n cipryan_n cyprian_n hold_v very_o true_a opinion_n of_o the_o holy_a trinity_n of_o the_o baptism_n of_o little_a child_n and_o of_o the_o right_a usage_n of_o the_o holy_a supper_n yet_o herein_o also_o have_v he_o fail_v that_o be_v to_o say_v that_o he_o hold_v that_o such_o shall_v be_v baptize_v again_o as_o be_v former_o baptize_v with_o heretic_n that_o he_o too_o excessive_o praise_v single_a life_n and_o abstain_v from_o marriage_n ambrose_n ambrose_n saint_n ambrose_n have_v write_v diverse_a godly_a book_n of_o the_o holy_a trinity_n and_o of_o the_o doctrine_n of_o justification_n but_o the_o subborned_a or_o suppose_a book_n in_o our_o time_n publish_v under_o his_o name_n be_v refuse_v by_o the_o reform_a hierome_n hierome_n hierome_n have_v great_o edify_v the_o christian_a church_n by_o his_o writing_n wherein_o he_o teach_v that_o the_o true_a regeneration_n or_o renew_n of_o man_n proceed_v not_o from_o the_o power_n and_o natural_a faculty_n of_o freewill_n but_o he_o great_o over-shoots_a &_o deny_v himself_o when_o he_o so_o much_o disesteeme_v and_o disgrace_v the_o state_n of_o marriage_n as_o to_o pronounce_v she_o a_o whore_n that_o after_o her_o first_o marriage_n marry_v again_o augustine_n augustine_n saint_n augustine_n be_v the_o most_o uncorrupt_a doctor_n of_o all_o the_o ancient_a father_n have_v in_o truth_n do_v great_a service_n to_o the_o church_n of_o jesus_n christ_n when_o he_o fundamental_o by_o the_o word_n of_o god_n confute_v the_o arrian_n the_o manichean_o the_o donatist_n and_o the_o pelagian_n but_o for_o so_o much_o as_o manet_fw-la hoc_fw-la that_o child_n shall_v receive_v the_o lord_n supper_n herein_o he_o do_v not_o sufficient_o consult_v with_o the_o word_n of_o god_n saint_n gregory_n hold_v a_o good_a opinion_n gregory_n gregory_n in_o say_v that_o he_o be_v antichrist_n who_o cause_v himself_o to_o be_v call_v supreme_a and_o universal_a bishop_n yet_o do_v he_o great_o err_v in_o forbid_v and_o infringe_v the_o lawful_a marriage_n of_o pastor_n and_o minister_n of_o god_n word_n when_o he_o thus_o write_v that_o it_o be_v by_o no_o mean_n lawful_a to_o renounce_v or_o give_v over_o a_o monastical_a life_n and_o when_o he_o be_v so_o carry_v away_o with_o apparition_n spirit_n and_o vision_n that_o he_o be_v absolute_o repugnant_a to_o the_o word_n of_o god_n furthermore_o how_o say_v the_o reform_a can_v we_o simple_o accept_v of_o the_o ancient_a father_n full_o and_o whole_o for_o our_o judge_n ambrose_n sentence_n and_o testimony_n of_o the_o father_n contrary_a to_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n ambrose_n consider_v that_o our_o accuser_n the_o pope_n themselves_o do_v not_o allow_v and_o admit_v all_o the_o sentence_n &_o testimony_n of_o the_o ancient_a father_n s._n ambrose_n say_v that_o for_o honesty_n sake_n and_o for_o seemly_a respect_n unto_o the_o dead_a they_o shall_v be_v suffer_v to_o remain_v at_o rest_n in_o their_o grave_n re._n gelasius_n l._n 1._o de_fw-fr aba_n in_o con._n re._n gelasius_n say_v that_o the_o substance_n or_o essence_n of_o bread_n &_o wine_n in_o the_o holy_a supper_n remain_v inseparable_a even_o as_o in_o our_o saviour_n christ_n the_o humane_a nature_n abide_v unite_v with_o his_o own_o nature_n ult._n aug._n l._n 2._o per._n morit_fw-la cap._n ult._n saint_n augustine_n say_v that_o it_o be_v presumption_n to_o conclude_v or_o determine_v any_o thing_n on_o any_o side_n in_o divine_a thing_n which_o be_v obscure_a without_o clear_a and_o manifest_a testimony_n of_o holy_a scripture_n con._n calix_n do_v 6._o de_fw-fr con._n calixtus_n distribute_v the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o holy_a supper_n to_o all_o the_o church_n and_o debar_v from_o it_o dissolute_a person_n and_o excommunicate_v all_o they_o which_o be_v present_a in_o the_o assembly_n receive_v not_o for_o all_o that_o the_o supper_n of_o the_o lord_n 2._o cyp._n l._n 1_o epist_n 2._o saint_n cyprian_n say_v that_o the_o blood_n of_o the_o lord_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v deny_v to_o christian_n for_o the_o confession_n whereof_o they_o be_v bind_v to_o shed_v their_o blood_n apollonâ—us_o tax_v mintanus_n with_o this_o heresy_n among_o other_o 22._o apol_n eccl_n hist_o lib._n 5_o cap._n 22._o to_o have_v be_v the_o first_o that_o have_v institute_v certain_a law_n and_o ordinance_n concern_v fast_v 14._o paph_n hist_o lib._n 2._o cap_n 14._o paphnutius_fw-la maintain_v that_o marriage_n shall_v not_o be_v forbid_v to_o priest_n or_o pastor_n of_o the_o church_n declare_v that_o the_o company_n with_o a_o man_n own_o wife_n be_v chastity_n 3._o cyp._n l._n 1_o epist_n 3._o saint_n cyprian_n affirm_v that_o the_o lord_n jesus_n alone_o be_v to_o be_v hearken_v unto_o concern_v who_o it_o be_v pronounce_v or_o command_v hear_v he_o also_o that_o we_o must_v not_o regard_v what_o they_o which_o have_v be_v before_o we_o have_v say_v or_o do_v but_o what_o christ_n who_o be_v before_o all_o have_v command_v s._n augustine_n say_v that_o the_o christian_a church_n