Selected quad for the lemma: authority_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
authority_n	according_a	law_n	power_n	3,809	5	5.0020	4	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A40703	Agreement betwixt the present and the former government, or, A discourse of this monarchy, whether elective or hereditary? also of abdication, vacancy, interregnum, present possession of the crown, and the reputation of the Church of England ; with an answer to objections thence arising, against taking the new Oath of Allegiance, for the satisfaction of the scrupulous / by a divine of the Church of England, the author of a little tract entituled, Obedience due to the present King, nothwithstanding our oaths to the former.	Fullwood, Francis, d. 1693.	1689 (1689)	Wing F2495; ESTC R40983	47,690	74

principle_n against_o treason_n a_o faithful_a and_o loyal_a mind_n keep_v treason_n out_o of_o its_o seat_n which_o we_o know_v be_v not_o so_o much_o in_o our_o action_n as_o in_o the_o mind_n and_o imagination_n 2_o if_o treason_n can_v be_v commit_v against_o the_o king_n that_o be_v out_o of_o possession_n as_o he_o be_v not_o king_n according_a to_o law_n so_o we_o can_v be_v think_v to_o owe_v he_o our_o allegiance_n that_o be_v obedience_n according_a to_o law_n for_o he_o be_v not_o king_n so_o as_o to_o rule_v or_o command_v we_o and_o then_o there_o be_v want_v the_o very_a reason_n of_o duty_n or_o of_o fidelity_n to_o that_o duty_n 5._o it_o may_v not_o be_v unworthy_a our_o observation_n that_o if_o any_o one_o yet_o can_v be_v so_o weak_a or_o blind_a as_o to_o imagine_v that_o since_o the_o late_a king_n abdication_n the_o crown_n be_v in_o abatement_n and_o the_o right_o lie_v somewhere_o else_o even_o in_o that_o case_n they_o say_v the_o common_a law_n favour_v the_o abator_n and_o look_n upon_o his_o title_n to_o be_v good_a until_o the_o right_n of_o the_o heir_n be_v prove_v and_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o title_n be_v decide_v by_o law_n and_o consequent_o all_o duty_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n be_v to_o be_v pay_v by_o the_o tenant_n to_o the_o abator_n as_o if_o he_o have_v right_o as_o well_o as_o possession_n i_o need_v not_o apply_v it_o 6._o however_o there_o be_v nothing_o in_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n or_o the_o word_n of_o god_n that_o necessitate_v the_o subject_a to_o trouble_v his_o conscience_n with_o scruple_n about_o the_o title_n of_o prince_n or_o beyond_o the_o actual_a possession_n and_o administration_n of_o the_o government_n 1._o for_o the_o word_n of_o god_n that_o suppose_v christian_n to_o be_v under_o the_o present_a power_n and_o strict_o enjoin_v they_o peaceable_a and_o unscruple_v submission_n and_o obedience_n to_o the_o power_n that_o be_v but_o this_o argument_n have_v be_v sufficient_o enforce_v by_o other_o even_o to_o demonstration_n 2._o for_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n this_o justify_v our_o obedience_n to_o the_o present_a power_n yea_o require_v it_o and_o punish_v the_o contrary_a and_o will_v not_o endure_v any_o scruple_n about_o the_o right_n when_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o crown_n be_v once_o settle_a and_o terminate_v all_o doubt_n of_o that_o kind_n in_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n which_o be_v the_o public_a judgement_n and_o sense_n of_o the_o nation_n it_o be_v say_v by_o the_o parliament_n of_o richard_n the_o 3d_o after_o they_o have_v clear_v his_o title_n as_o ground_v upon_o the_o ancient_a law_n and_o 390._o laudable_a custom_n of_o the_o realm_n according_a to_o the_o judgement_n of_o all_o such_o person_n as_o be_v learn_v in_o those_o law_n and_o custom_n they_o proceed_v and_o say_v yet_o nevertheless_o forasmuch_o as_o it_o be_v consider_v that_o the_o most_o part_n of_o the_o people_n be_v not_o sufficient_o learn_v in_o the_o aforesaid_a law_n and_o custom_n whereby_o truth_n and_o right_n in_o this_o behalf_n of_o likelihood_n may_v be_v have_v and_o not_o clear_o know_v to_o all_o people_n and_o thereupon_o put_v in_o doubt_n and_o question_n and_o over_o this_o how_o that_o the_o court_n of_o parliament_n be_v of_o such_o authority_n that_o a_o declaration_n make_v by_o the_o three_o estate_n and_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o same_o make_v before_o all_o other_o thing_n most_o faithful_a and_o certain_a quiet_v of_o man_n mind_n and_o remove_v the_o occasion_n of_o doubt_n and_o seditious_a language_n therefore_o they_o declare_v that_o he_o be_v the_o undoubted_a king._n whence_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o reason_n of_o this_o law_n suppose_v that_o the_o subject_n in_o general_n be_v not_o capable_a of_o understand_v the_o law_n and_o custom_n upon_o which_o the_o title_n of_o our_o king_n depend_v and_o that_o the_o best_a satisfaction_n that_o the_o generality_n of_o the_o people_n can_v possible_o have_v in_o those_o high_a matter_n be_v the_o sense_n and_o judgement_n and_o determination_n of_o the_o kingdom_n by_o act_n and_o authority_n of_o parliament_n wherein_o they_o shall_v acquiesce_v for_o the_o prevent_a sedition_n so_o much_o as_o in_o language_n but_o to_o be_v short_a here_o the_o law_n allow_v a_o king_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la the_o name_n and_o dignity_n and_o authority_n and_o defence_n of_o a_o king_n and_o do_v it_o not_o require_v our_o duty_n according_a to_o law_n be_v it_o ever_o know_v the_o king_n be_v acknowledge_v to_o have_v the_o actual_a government_n that_o the_o subject_n be_v excuse_v from_o allegiance_n or_o a_o oath_n of_o fidelity_n as_o occasion_n require_v it_o yea_o if_o obedience_n according_a to_o law_n be_v acknowledge_v due_a to_o the_o present_a government_n as_o it_o now_o it_o seem_v be_v general_o grant_v be_v not_o the_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n at_o this_o time_n require_v by_o law_n as_o well_o as_o by_o the_o relation_n of_o subject_n and_o so_o make_v a_o plain_a part_n of_o our_o obedience_n according_a to_o law_n yet_o if_o the_o king_n in_o possession_n be_v real_o our_o king_n do_v not_o our_o own_o law_n return_v upon_o we_o require_v loyalty_n and_o fealty_n forbid_v sedition_n and_o scandalum_fw-la magnatum_fw-la and_o all_o endeavour_n to_o alter_v the_o government_n that_o be_v at_o least_o by_o our_o peaceable_a and_o dutiful_a carriage_n to_o acquiesce_v in_o the_o work_n of_o divine_a providence_n in_o our_o late_a revolution_n and_o the_o acknowledgement_n of_o our_o subjection_n due_a to_o william_n and_o mary_n who_o as_o we_o have_v hear_v by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n heretofore_o make_v be_v our_o undoubted_a king_n and_o queen_n because_o in_o possession_n of_o the_o government_n their_o right_n also_o be_v unquestionable_a by_o private_a subject_n be_v a_o point_n determine_v according_a to_o the_o ancient_a law_n and_o laudable_a custom_n of_o this_o realm_n and_o their_o right_n as_o well_o as_o possession_n open_o declare_v by_o the_o high_a authority_n of_o the_o kingdom_n in_o act_n of_o the_o present_a parliament_n object_n but_o some_o be_v apt_a to_o say_v this_o be_v to_o prove_v that_o the_o sun_n shine_v who_o deny_v that_o the_o present_a king_n and_o queen_n be_v such_o de_fw-fr facto_fw-la or_o that_o we_o ought_v to_o obey_v they_o sol._n 1._o this_o be_v so_o far_o well_o but_o do_v we_o obey_v they_o without_o reserve_v for_o the_o late_a king_n do_v we_o acknowledge_v that_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n oblige_v we_o to_o give_v they_o our_o obedience_n or_o do_v we_o mean_v only_o that_o they_o have_v the_o name_n of_o sovereign_n and_o a_o power_n in_o their_o hand_n to_o defend_v themselves_o against_o and_o to_o punish_v disturber_n of_o their_o possession_n if_o it_o be_v so_o we_o do_v not_o take_v right_a measure_n of_o their_o authority_n or_o of_o our_o own_o duty_n according_a to_o law._n 2._o for_o they_o be_v real_o king_n and_o queen_n by_o be_v in_o possession_n and_o invest_v by_o the_o law_n with_o regal_a authority_n as_o well_o as_o power_n otherwise_o they_o can_v not_o be_v within_o the_o purview_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o treason_n 3._o consequent_o all_o their_o action_n that_o be_v politic_a and_o for_o the_o matter_n agreeable_a to_o law_n be_v as_o valid_a and_o of_o as_o good_a authority_n as_o the_o act_n of_o the_o most_o rightful_a king_n they_o have_v authority_n and_o do_v effectual_o execute_v and_o make_v law_n while_o they_o be_v in_o possession_n as_o they_o do_v protect_v we_o so_o they_o administer_v justice_n dispose_v of_o office_n coin_n money_n make_v peace_n and_o war_n punish_v all_o kind_n of_o offence_n as_o well_o against_o the_o subject_n as_o the_o government_n 4._o and_o such_o act_n of_o a_o king_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la only_o without_o right_n as_o concern_v and_o have_v influence_n upon_o the_o kingdom_n have_v ever_o be_v allow_v and_o repute_v good_a and_o valid_a though_o the_o title_n to_o the_o crown_n have_v be_v question_v and_o deny_v in_o after-age_n as_o we_o note_v before_o 5._o that_o very_a parliament_n that_o condemn_v the_o usurpation_n of_o 386._o hen._n 4_o 5_o 6._o and_o all_o act_n that_o have_v entail_v the_o crown_n contrary_a to_o the_o course_n of_o inheritance_n yet_o add_v these_o remarkable_a word_n howbeit_o that_o all_o other_o act_n and_o ordinance_n make_v in_o the_o say_a parliament_n since_o be_v good_a and_o sufficient_a against_o all_o other_o person_n i_o will_v infer_v hence_o that_o obedience_n be_v due_a to_o the_o present_a king_n etc._n etc._n in_o his_o authority_n by_o law_n acknowledge_v as_o well_o as_o power_n and_o therefore_o not_o only_o for_o wrath_n but_o for_o conscience_n sake_n conscience_n i_o say_v not_o of_o their_o title_n but_o of_o their_o authority_n and_o our_o own_o plain_a duty_n

be_v make_v by_o a_o king_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la with_o his_o parliament_n but_o the_o reason_n why_o it_o can_v not_o oblige_v be_v take_v from_o the_o matter_n of_o it_o it_o divert_v the_o descent_n and_o succession_n of_o the_o crown_n according_a to_o right_o of_o inheritance_n 3._o the_o argument_n that_o a_o king_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la have_v no_o power_n to_o make_v law_n to_o limit_v the_o crown_n because_o he_o be_v suppose_v to_o have_v no_o right_n to_o the_o crown_n himself_o i_o say_v this_o seem_v not_o cogent_a it_o be_v true_a it_o be_v suppose_v he_o have_v no_o right_n at_o first_o and_o his_o usurpation_n can_v be_v think_v to_o create_v any_o just_a title_n to_o the_o crown_n yet_o when_o he_o have_v it_o have_v not_o he_o right_o or_o rather_o authority_n in_o law_n by_o his_o possession_n to_o use_v it_o that_o be_v to_o make_v law_n if_o not_o than_o all_o the_o law_n he_o make_v even_o those_o for_o peace_n and_o justice_n be_v void_a for_o want_v of_o authority_n which_o this_o very_a law_n against_o the_o entail_v of_o hen._n 4._o deny_v i_o grant_v all_o positive_a law_n make_v by_o a_o rightful_a king_n or_o by_o a_o usurper_n be_v equal_o voidable_a i._n e._n repealable_a but_o if_o we_o speak_v of_o such_o law_n as_o be_v void_a of_o themselves_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o they_o must_v be_v so_o one_o of_o these_o two_o way_n either_o for_o want_v of_o due_a authority_n to_o make_v law_n or_o with_o respect_n to_o something_o in_o the_o matter_n of_o such_o law_n as_o be_v destructive_a of_o they_o for_o the_o first_o way_n it_o be_v grant_v i_o that_o a_o king_n de_fw-fr fact_n only_o have_v authority_n enough_o to_o make_v law_n general_o speak_v if_o his_o law_n therefore_o be_v not_o of_o force_n to_o limit_v the_o succession_n it_o be_v for_o another_o reason_n mention_v before_o take_v from_o that_o special_a matter_n of_o the_o right_n of_o inheritance_n which_o it_o be_v think_v can_v be_v infringe_v by_o any_o law_n of_o man._n hence_o it_o be_v still_o a_o doubt_n with_o i_o whether_o a_o king_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la have_v not_o a_o equal_a power_n with_o the_o most_o rightful_a king_n to_o make_v any_o law_n even_o touch_v the_o crown_n as_o any_o thing_n else_o suppose_v a_o king_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la after_o some_o contest_v about_o the_o succession_n settle_v the_o crown_n as_o it_o ought_v to_o go_v be_v not_o such_o a_o law_n a_o good_a law_n wherein_o can_v it_o fail_v neither_o in_o matter_n nor_o do_v authority_n again_o the_o most_o rightful_a king_n in_o and_o by_o his_o law_n limit_n the_o crown_n as_o it_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v be_v that_o law_n a_o good_a law_n no_o power_n can_v make_v a_o law_n that_o be_v malam_fw-la in_o se_fw-la to_o be_v bonam_fw-la i_o confess_v i_o see_v no_o difference_n in_o the_o legislative_a power_n of_o a_o king_n regnant_a whether_o with_o or_o without_o right_n especial_o see_v the_o parliament_n which_o be_v the_o body_n of_o the_o kingdom_n choose_v the_o matter_n and_o give_v authority_n to_o the_o law_n as_o well_o as_o the_o king._n but_o this_o nicety_n need_v not_o trouble_v we_o under_o their_o present_a majesty_n who_o title_n to_o the_o crown_n i_o hope_v be_v unquestionable_a as_o well_o as_o their_o possession_n of_o it_o beside_o there_o be_v no_o room_n for_o this_o objection_n among_o all_o our_o scruple_n about_o the_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n for_o in_o our_o private_a capacity_n we_o be_v not_o to_o answer_v for_o error_n in_o government_n if_o the_o succession_n can_v be_v suppose_v to_o be_v limit_v in_o any_o point_n amiss_o how_o can_v we_o help_v it_o what_o be_v that_o to_o our_o duty_n how_o be_v we_o concern_v the_o law_n do_v not_o require_v we_o to_o assert_v or_o swear_v to_o the_o act_n of_o settle_v the_o crown_n for_o the_o future_a it_o require_v only_o our_o obedience_n to_o our_o present_a gracious_a king_n and_o queen_n and_o we_o do_v our_o duty_n if_o we_o look_v no_o further_o chap._n ix_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n no_o just_a objection_n against_o our_o take_v the_o new_a oath_n obj._n i_o have_v hear_v it_o offer_v by_o some_o that_o though_o it_o be_v lawful_a to_o submit_v to_o the_o present_a government_n and_o to_o take_v the_o new_a oath_n of_o allegiance_n yet_o by_o our_o do_v it_o the_o church_n of_o england_n suffer_v in_o her_o honour_n and_o her_o distinguish_a character_n of_o loyalty_n sol._n i_o have_v some_o reason_n to_o hope_n that_o with_o several_a person_n not_o perfect_o reconcile_v or_o satisfy_v this_o be_v the_o last_o objection_n that_o remain_v unanswered_a i_o shall_v therefore_o brief_o with_o all_o the_o strength_n i_o have_v at_o present_a set_v myself_o to_o remove_v it_o and_o so_o conclude_v 1._o i_o confess_v loyalty_n have_v be_v reckon_v the_o character_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n and_o in_o a_o great_a measure_n very_o deserve_o but_o if_o we_o mean_v such_o loyalty_n as_o do_v distinguish_v she_o from_o all_o other_o church_n of_o christian_n in_o the_o world_n it_o may_v be_v a_o argument_n of_o singularity_n and_o reflection_n upon_o all_o other_o protestant_a church_n as_o well_o as_o popish_a principles_n and_o practice_n as_o some_o late_o have_v make_v manifest_a demonstration_n and_o how_o honourable_a or_o laudable_a that_o be_v i_o determine_v not_o but_o it_o may_v be_v consider_v 2._o i_o perceive_v the_o mover_n of_o this_o objection_n do_v not_o say_v that_o it_o be_v unlawful_a to_o take_v the_o new_a oath_n and_o indeed_o that_o be_v grant_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o objection_n for_o if_o the_o oath_n be_v refuse_v only_o because_o it_o be_v dishonourable_a to_o take_v it_o it_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v in_o itself_o lawful_a though_o not_o expedient_a and_o indeed_o the_o argument_n will_v have_v force_n enough_o if_o there_o be_v not_o some_o heavy_a thing_n than_o honour_n to_o be_v put_v into_o the_o other_o scale_n 3._o and_o thus_o the_o present_a argument_n be_v not_o direct_o matter_n of_o conscience_n but_o of_o prudence_n for_o the_o matter_n in_o genere_fw-la and_o in_o its_o first_o consideration_n be_v grant_v to_o be_v indifferent_a and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v determine_v to_o be_v good_a or_o evil_n by_o the_o addition_n of_o something_o to_o it_o in_o our_o special_a and_o secondary_a consideration_n now_o here_o you_o lay_v honour_n and_o reputation_n in_o the_o scale_n and_o this_o have_v its_o weight_n but_o if_o we_o put_v necessity_n against_o honour_n and_o reputation_n the_o weight_n of_o these_o be_v inconsiderable_a and_o what_o be_v the_o consequence_n why_o that_o which_o we_o think_v be_v not_o to_o be_v do_v because_o it_o be_v dishonourable_a we_o see_v it_o must_v be_v do_v because_o it_o be_v necessary_a this_o be_v the_o law_n of_o prudence_n and_o expediency_n change_v side_n that_o which_o be_v expedient_a not_o to_o be_v do_v for_o the_o sake_n of_o reputation_n it_o be_v now_o expedient_a it_o shall_v be_v do_v when_o the_o necessity_n of_o it_o appear_v with_o its_o great_a weight_n 4._o you_o already_o perceive_v how_o easy_o this_o apply_v itself_o to_o the_o case_n in_o hand_n admit_v something_o of_o dishonour_n may_v in_o general_n and_o prima_fw-la fancy_n attend_v the_o action_n for_o the_o very_o grant_v it_o to_o be_v a_o indifferent_a thing_n in_o itself_o whether_o i_o take_v this_o oath_n or_o not_o plain_o determine_v the_o case_n and_o put_v a_o end_n to_o the_o controversy_n 5._o for_o i_o bold_o and_o peremptory_o pronounce_v that_o if_o it_o be_v indifferent_a it_o have_v such_o addition_n and_o circumstance_n as_o can_v but_o make_v it_o a_o indispensible_a duty_n rebus_fw-la sic_fw-la stantibus_fw-la from_o the_o argument_n or_o ground_n of_o necessity_n viz._n both_o precepti_fw-la &_o medii_fw-la 6._o first_o there_o be_v a_o necessity_n of_o the_o precept_n or_o law_n that_o pracepti_fw-la make_v it_o to_o be_v our_o duty_n to_o take_v this_o oath_n which_o be_v but_o the_o security_n of_o our_o allegiance_n it_o be_v require_v by_o the_o nature_n of_o our_o constitution_n and_o immemorial_n custom_n which_o be_v our_o common_a law_n it_o be_v require_v from_o the_o paction_n betwixt_o prince_n and_o people_n to_o secure_v each_o other_o by_o their_o respective_a oath_n it_o be_v require_v by_o virtue_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o hen._n 7._o whereby_o we_o be_v to_o acknowledge_v the_o king_n regnant_a to_o who_o alone_o we_o owe_v allegiance_n and_o must_v secure_v it_o and_o last_o it_o be_v express_o require_v in_o the_o law_n of_o our_o own_o make_n by_o our_o representative_n in_o the_o present_a parliament_n in_o and_o by_o which_o parliament_n the_o king_n and_o queen_n have_v equal_o swear_v and_o plight_v their_o troth_n to_o we_o whence_o protection_n and_o

it_o and_o that_o by_o a_o real_a as_o well_o as_o by_o a_o formal_a abdication_n as_o before_o explain_v government_n according_a to_o law_n be_v essential_a to_o our_o government_n otherwise_o our_o lawyer_n be_v much_o out_o that_o general_o tell_v we_o our_o government_n be_v a_o legal_a regal_a or_o as_o fortescue_n a_o political_a government_n in_o opposition_n to_o despotical_a absolute_a arbitrary_a or_o tyrannical_a government_n now_o though_o a_o king_n do_v not_o intend_v absolute_o to_o abandon_v all_o kind_n of_o government_n yet_o when_o he_o leave_v the_o proper_a government_n and_o assume_v another_o kind_n of_o government_n abhor_v by_o our_o constitution_n he_o plain_o cease_v to_o be_v our_o governor_n in_o any_o sense_n he_o refuse_v to_o govern_v political_o he_o will_v bring_v in_o another_o species_n of_o government_n that_o be_v destructive_a of_o our_o constitution_n and_o begin_v in_o many_o odious_a instance_n the_o execution_n of_o tyranny_n contrary_a not_o only_o to_o the_o law_n that_o make_v and_o limit_v our_o government_n but_o contrary_a to_o the_o end_n of_o all_o government_n and_o instead_o of_o protect_v destroy_v his_o people_n what_o can_v be_v plain_a than_o that_o this_o be_v to_o abdicate_v the_o government_n as_o king_n of_o england_n a_o king_n may_v kill_v himself_o and_o not_o intend_v it_o to_o this_o purpose_n we_o have_v several_a notable_a collection_n make_v by_o other_o i_o shall_v note_v a_o few_o of_o they_o among_o the_o law_n of_o k._n edward_n c._n 17._o de_fw-la regis_fw-la officio_fw-la the_o liberty_n of_o the_o people_n be_v mention_v it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o king_n be_v constitute_v for_o the_o preservation_n of_o they_o which_o if_o he_o do_v not_o nec_fw-la nomen_fw-la regis_fw-la in_o eo_fw-la constabit_fw-la he_o do_v not_o retain_v the_o name_n of_o a_o king._n bracton_n say_v l._n 2._o c._n 24._o est_fw-la enim_fw-la corona_n regis_fw-la facere_fw-la justitiam_fw-la &_o judicium_fw-la pacem_fw-la tenere_fw-la sine_fw-la quibus_fw-la consistere_fw-la potest_fw-la nec_fw-la tenere_fw-la i._n e._n the_o crown_n of_o the_o king_n be_v to_o do_v justice_n and_o judgement_n and_o to_o preserve_v peace_n without_o which_o he_o can_v subsist_v but_o above_o all_o the_o word_n of_o k._n james_n to_o his_o parliament_n march_v 21._o 1609._o be_v remarkable_a the_o king_n be_v bind_v by_o a_o double_a oath_n to_o preserve_v the_o law_n tacit_o as_o be_v king_n and_o express_o by_o his_o coronation-oath_n so_o as_o every_o just_a king_n be_v bind_v to_o observe_v the_o paction_n make_v with_o his_o people_n by_o his_o law_n frame_v the_o government_n thereunto_o and_o a_o king_n leave_v to_o be_v king_n and_o degenerate_v into_o a_o tyrant_n as_o soon_o as_o he_o leave_v off_o to_o govern_v by_o law_n in_o which_o case_n the_o king_n conscience_n may_v speak_v to_o he_o as_o the_o poor_a woman_n to_o philip_n of_o macedon_n either_o govern_v according_a to_o law_n or_o cease_v to_o be_v king._n answerable_a hereunto_o be_v the_o civilian_n maxim_n tyranni_fw-la in_o exarcitie_n decidunt_fw-la jure_fw-la sue_v haereditario_fw-la i._n e._n tyrant_n by_o their_o tyranny_n lose_v their_o hereditary_a right_n of_o government_n for_o the_o ill_a of_o monarchy_n be_v tyranny_n k._n charles_n answ_n to_o 19_o prop._n from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v it_o seem_v plain_a that_o a_o king_n by_o relinquish_a the_o legal_a and_o usurp_a a_o arbitrary_a or_o tyrannical_a government_n do_v as_o effectual_o abdicate_v the_o government_n as_o king_n as_o a_o merchant_n that_o turn_v pirate_n abdicate_v his_o trade_n or_o a_o husbandman_n that_o leave_v off_o his_o husbandry_n and_o resolve_v to_o cast_v the_o fortune_n of_o his_o life_n upon_o rob_v on_o the_o highway_n abdicate_v his_o plough_n last_o it_o be_v so_o evident_a in_o those_o that_o give_v we_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o word_n that_o there_o be_v a_o real_a abdication_n as_o we_o have_v consider_v it_o in_o distinction_n to_o a_o formal_a that_o no_o body_n that_o will_v take_v the_o pain_n to_o examine_v can_v doubt_v it_o not_o only_o grotius_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la belli_n &_o pac._n lib._n 2._o c._n 4._o s_o 4._o non_fw-la tantum_fw-la verbis_fw-la sed_fw-la re_fw-la potest_fw-la but_o calvin_n in_o his_o lexic_n jurisd_v tell_v we_o generum_fw-la abdicat_fw-la qui_fw-la sponsam_fw-la repudiat_fw-la he_o that_o divorce_v his_o wife_n do_v abdicate_v his_o son._n so_o homo_fw-la libre_fw-la qui_fw-la seipsum_fw-la vendit_fw-la abdicat_fw-la se_fw-la statu_fw-la svo_fw-la say_v brissonius_n de_fw-fr verb._n sign_n that_o be_v he_o which_o sell_v himself_o abdicate_v himself_o from_o his_o former_a state_n and_o budaeus_fw-la comment_fw-fr de_fw-fr origine_fw-la juris_fw-la abdicare_fw-la se_fw-la magistratu_fw-la est_fw-la idem_fw-la quod_fw-la abire_fw-la penitus_fw-la magistratu_fw-la 1._o for_o the_o application_n of_o the_o word_n so_o explain_v and_o to_o all_o that_o have_v be_v say_v to_o prove_v the_o late_a king_n abdication_n complete_a and_o undeniable_a it_o ought_v to_o be_v remember_v that_o in_o the_o pope_n very_a time_n of_o popery_n here_o a_o submit_v to_o papal_a usurpation_n and_o authority_n contrary_a to_o our_o law_n be_v deem_v a_o disinherison_n of_o the_o crown_n what_o shall_v we_o say_v of_o the_o late_a king_n be_v voluntary_a study_v and_o deliberate_a invade_v his_o own_o authority_n and_o subject_v the_o whole_a ecclesiastical_a state_n to_o a_o foreign_a power_n to_o the_o utter_a extirpation_n of_o our_o reform_a constitution_n so_o firm_o settle_v in_o the_o special_a law_n of_o the_o land_n to_o that_o purpose_n consider_v also_o how_o this_o in_o a_o little_a time_n must_v inevitable_o ruin_v the_o civil_a state_n which_o be_v intimate_o inter_v weave_v with_o the_o ecclesiastical_a in_o their_o just_a liberty_n and_o true_a religion_n their_o very_a conscience_n and_o live_v not_o be_v safe_a from_o the_o snare_n and_o inquisition_n and_o even_a massacre_n of_o the_o most_o cruel_a tyrannical_a and_o barbarous_a religion_n in_o the_o world._n 2._o this_o in_o conjunction_n with_o the_o late_a king_n proceed_n in_o civil_a matter_n need_v no_o aggravation_n the_o crown_n of_o england_n be_v glorious_a in_o a_o threefold_a excellency_n the_o legislative_a executive_a and_o military_a power_n now_o sor_n one_o of_o our_o own_o king_n to_o do_v that_o industrious_o and_o by_o many_o design_v deliberate_a act_n which_o be_v rank_a treason_n against_o the_o king_n and_o kingdom_n which_o at_o least_o have_v a_o tendency_n to_o destroy_v the_o king_n with_o respect_n to_o his_o crown_n and_o dignity_n what_o be_v this_o but_o to_o destroy_v himself_o for_o a_o king_n to_o divest_v himself_o of_o the_o legislative_a power_n by_o the_o use_n of_o all_o artifices_fw-la of_o fraud_n and_o force_n to_o destroy_v the_o fundamental_a privilege_n of_o election_n and_o consequent_o the_o very_a be_v of_o a_o legal_a parliament_n his_o executive_a power_n by_o refuse_v to_o govern_v by_o law_n and_o set_v up_o a_o arbitrary_a tyrannical_a government_n last_o his_o legal_a stand_a military_a power_n lay_v aside_o the_o militia_n and_o resolve_v to_o stick_v to_o a_o illegal_a army_n what_o be_v this_o but_o to_o relinquish_v the_o government_n of_o england_n to_o throw_v away_o all_o regal_a authority_n to_o violate_v break_v in_o piece_n and_o trample_v upon_o the_o crown_n to_o declare_v to_o all_o the_o world_n he_o will_v be_v king_n no_o long_o and_o to_o abandon_v the_o authority_n which_o he_o have_v to_o govern_v by_o law_n according_a to_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o kingdom_n his_o duty_n to_o his_o people_n as_o king_n and_o the_o special_a bond_n upon_o his_o soul_n in_o his_o solemn_a coronation-oath_n 3._o but_o at_o last_o to_o crown_v all_o when_o the_o noise_n of_o the_o prince_n come_v have_v bring_v he_o a_o little_a to_o himself_o and_o he_o begin_v to_o feel_v the_o danger_n that_o his_o late_a dare_a prank_n of_o tyranny_n have_v bring_v he_o into_o he_o advise_v with_o his_o wise_a council_n what_o to_o do_v shall_v he_o trust_v his_o people_n in_o parliament_n no_o shall_v he_o trust_v his_o melt_a army_n no_o shall_v he_o trust_v his_o dreadful_a son_n in_o law_n no._n what_o then_o as_o the_o evil_a spirit_n rend_v and_o tear_v the_o body_n when_o he_o be_v force_v to_o leave_v it_o so_o he_o do_v all_o the_o mischief_n he_o can_v by_o call_v in_o his_o writ_n for_o a_o parliament_n dismiss_v his_o judge_n carry_v away_o the_o broad_a seal_n and_o put_v a_o end_n to_o all_o kind_n of_o government_n among_o we_o as_o before_o and_o then_o leave_v we_o in_o absolute_a anarchy_n and_o a_o way_n of_o confusion_n upon_o a_o necessity_n apprehend_v of_o his_o own_o create_v of_o dispossess_v we_o he_o fly_v to_o his_o trusty_a and_o well-beloved_n the_o french_a king_n thus_o at_o once_o deliver_v his_o person_n and_o in_o consequence_n direct_o betray_v his_o kingdom_n into_o the_o power_n of_o

be_v personal_o present_a wherein_o we_o have_v two_o proposition_n one_a that_o every_o particular_a subject_n either_o in_o person_n in_o the_o house_n of_o peer_n or_o by_o representation_n in_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o be_v by_o the_o law_n of_o this_o realm_n deem_v personal_o present_a in_o parliament_n 2_o that_o where_o the_o whole_a of_o the_o realm_n be_v thus_o either_o in_o person_n as_o peer_n or_o by_o their_o representative_n upon_o their_o own_o free_a election_n present_a there_o be_v a_o parliament_n 1._o so_o that_o the_o essence_n of_o a_o parliament_n seem_v to_o consist_v in_o two_o thing_n with_o respect_n to_o the_o two_o house_n the_o presence_n of_o the_o peer_n in_o their_o own_o right_n and_o of_o the_o representative_n of_o the_o people_n by_o virtue_n of_o their_o election_n and_o to_o be_v entire_a without_o the_o consideration_n of_o any_o previous_a writ_n from_o the_o king._n 2._o indeed_o we_o can_v well_o conceive_v that_o a_o parliament_n proper_o so_o can_v be_v so_o without_o a_o king_n in_o be_v not_o for_o want_v of_o writ_n to_o summon_v but_o for_o want_v of_o a_o occasion_n and_o reason_n of_o their_o be_v if_o the_o king_n be_v the_o person_n with_o who_o they_o be_v to_o parley_v &_o caput_fw-la principium_fw-la &_o finis_fw-la parliament_n but_o see_v the_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o the_o representative_n of_o the_o commons_o upon_o their_o own_o free_a election_n be_v assemble_v and_o the_o king_n in_o be_v allow_v approve_v and_o ratify_v their_o assembly_n to_o be_v a_o parliament_n by_o his_o subsequent_a assent_n as_o king_n to_o that_o manner_n of_o summons_n which_o he_o before_o he_o be_v actual_o king_n invite_v they_o to_o and_o advise_v with_o they_o and_o make_v use_v of_o they_o as_o his_o parliament_n it_o be_v plain_a to_o i_o that_o they_o have_v the_o entire_a substance_n of_o a_o lawful_a parliament_n and_o that_o the_o king_n writ_n in_o such_o a_o case_n be_v but_o a_o separable_a accident_n and_o that_o we_o shall_v look_v upon_o ourselves_o and_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o people_n as_o present_v there_o and_o act_v or_o consent_v to_o all_o the_o law_n make_v by_o the_o king_n and_o they_o 3._o and_o last_o we_o be_v not_o without_o a_o plain_a and_o direct_a precedent_n in_o the_o case_n upon_o king_n charles_n the_o second_o be_v happy_a restauration_n as_o every_o one_o observe_v which_o be_v in_o terminis_fw-la make_v the_o pattern_n by_o this_o king_n and_o parliament_n in_o the_o late_a act_n declare_v themselves_o to_o be_v a_o parliament_n though_o it_o want_v the_o previous_a writ_n of_o summons_n which_o can_v not_o be_v have_v and_o though_o 23_o of_o the_o statute_n make_v by_o that_o parliament_n be_v afterward_o confirm_v 13_o car._n 2._o c._n 7._o yet_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o act_n make_v by_o they_o have_v be_v take_v to_o be_v of_o as_o much_o force_n by_o the_o judge_n though_o not_o so_o confirm_v and_o this_o of_o the_o 12_o car._n 2._o 1._o be_v one_o of_o they_o as_o all_o other_o law_n make_v by_o our_o king_n who_o title_n have_v be_v afterward_o question_v with_o the_o people_n concurrence_n have_v be_v ever_o hold_v valid_a thus_o we_o have_v the_o public_a judgement_n of_o two_o king_n and_o of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n in_o two_o parliament_n that_o such_o writ_n of_o summons_n beforehand_o be_v not_o necessary_a in_o all_o case_n and_o in_o particular_a in_o our_o case_n to_o the_o constitution_n of_o a_o true_a and_o legal_a parliament_n and_o who_o have_v most_o reason_n to_o understand_v and_o to_o judge_v and_o determine_v such_o public_a and_o high_a point_n concern_v the_o nature_n of_o parliament_n the_o king_n and_o kingdom_n assemble_v together_o or_o man_n of_o a_o single_a and_o private_a capacity_n how_o far_o our_o consent_n and_o sense_n be_v concern_v in_o the_o determination_n of_o those_o we_o have_v choose_v and_o in_o some_o sort_n trust_v with_o our_o politic_a interest_n and_o in_o who_o the_o law_n late_o mention_v say_v we_o be_v deem_v to_o be_v present_a i_o urge_v not_o but_o it_o may_v be_v worthy_a to_o be_v consider_v the_o word_n of_o the_o parliament_n be_v about_o to_o declare_v the_o right_n of_o richard_n the_o 3d._n be_v these_o and_o i_o think_v they_o very_o pertinent_a the_o parliament_n be_v of_o such_o authority_n and_o the_o people_n of_o this_o land_n of_o such_o a_o nature_n and_o disposition_n as_o experience_n teach_v that_o manifestation_n or_o declaration_n of_o any_o truth_n make_v by_o the_o three_o estate_n of_o this_o realm_n assemble_v in_o parliament_n and_o by_o authority_n of_o the_o same_o make_v before_o all_o other_o thing_n most_o faithful_a and_o certain_a quiet_v of_o man_n mind_n and_o remove_v the_o occasion_n of_o doubt_n and_o seditious_a language_n which_o god_n grant_v chap._n viii_o argue_v from_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o crown_n i_o have_v now_o finish_v the_o great_a part_n of_o my_o undertake_n and_o how_o i_o have_v vindicate_v the_o late_a revolution_n and_o reconcile_v our_o present_a state_n to_o our_o ancient_a constitution_n as_o a_o hereditary_a monarchy_n and_o admit_v no_o interregnum_fw-la my_o reader_n will_v be_v my_o judg._n as_o also_o of_o what_o i_o have_v say_v touch_v abdication_n and_o vacancy_n in_o the_o throne_n of_o the_o convention_n and_o their_o just_a and_o regular_a proceed_n in_o their_o invitation_n of_o king_n william_n and_o queen_n mary_n to_o take_v upon_o they_o the_o government_n of_o these_o kingdom_n and_o last_o of_o the_o legality_n of_o the_o present_a parliament_n and_o thereby_o obviate_v or_o answer_v the_o objection_n make_v against_o the_o present_a government_n from_o any_o or_o all_o of_o these_o as_o i_o intend_v i_o submit_v to_o his_o serious_a consideration_n and_o candid_a censure_n 2._o but_o if_o all_o that_o i_o have_v hitherto_o say_v fail_v of_o my_o end_n in_o give_v full_a satisfaction_n to_o such_o as_o scruple_n the_o take_v the_o new_a oath_n of_o allegiance_n to_o all_o the_o argument_n that_o have_v be_v so_o well_o enlarge_v upon_o by_o other_o i_o shall_v only_o resume_v that_o that_o have_v be_v often_o insist_v on_o take_v from_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o present_a king_n and_o queen_n with_o the_o easy_a and_o just_a consequence_n of_o it_o if_o the_o body_n of_o the_o kingdom_n as_o represent_v by_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o due_o choose_v or_o scatter_v over_o the_o kingdom_n by_o their_o open_a uninterrupted_a and_o general_a recognition_n and_o proclamation_n and_o their_o coronation_n with_o all_o the_o method_n and_o formality_n of_o law_n can_v give_v or_o can_v own_v and_o approve_v the_o possession_n of_o the_o throne_n and_o declare_v and_o manifest_v william_n and_o mary_n king_n and_o queen_n as_o no_o body_n can_v doubt_v they_o be_v certain_o and_o must_v be_v acknowledge_v to_o be_v our_o king_n and_o queen_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la now_o hence_o it_o follow_v 1._o then_o we_o owe_v they_o obedience_n due_a by_o law_n for_o than_o we_o be_v their_o subject_n and_o we_o can_v conceive_v of_o sovereignty_n without_o authority_n nor_o of_o subjection_n without_o obedience_n this_o the_o statute_n of_o hen._n 7._o plain_o suppose_v due_a to_o the_o king_n in_o be_v and_o consequent_o that_o such_o a_o one_o be_v not_o a_o king_n in_o name_n only_o but_o in_o dignity_n and_o power_n and_o the_o subject_n may_v obey_v he_o fight_v for_o he_o and_o consequent_o take_v the_o military_a oath_n a_o oath_n to_o be_v faithful_a in_o that_o high_a act_n of_o his_o service_n and_o do_v assoil_v he_o from_o any_o crime_n in_o so_o do_v in_o reason_n law_n and_o conscience_n 2._o hereupon_o the_o learned_a lord_n coke_n and_o judge_n hales_n affirm_v without_o hesitancy_n that_o a_o king_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la and_o not_o the_o jure_fw-la be_v within_o the_o great_a and_o ancient_a statute_n of_o treason_n 25_o edw._n 3._o 3._o now_o if_o we_o inquire_v why_o treason_n may_v according_a to_o law_n be_v commit_v against_o a_o king_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la the_o reason_n be_v obvious_a namely_o because_o the_o law_n look_v upon_o he_o as_o real_o our_o king._n as_o treason_n they_o say_v can_v be_v commit_v against_o a_o king_n by_o right_o only_o and_o have_v not_o possession_n which_o must_v be_v upon_o the_o like_a reason_n because_o the_o law_n do_v not_o regard_v one_o out_o of_o possession_n and_o can_v protect_v we_o or_o administer_v justice_n to_o we_o as_o king_n of_o england_n 4._o hence_o it_o seem_v to_o follow_v first_o if_o the_o subject_n may_v be_v guilty_a of_o treason_n against_o the_o king_n in_o be_v it_o imply_v he_o owe_v the_o duty_n that_o be_v contrary_a to_o treason_n to_o the_o same_o king_n and_o what_o be_v that_o but_o fealty_n or_o fidelity_n that_o be_v a_o