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instance_n concerning_o the_o transition_n of_o title_n from_o family_n to_o family_n mere_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o the_o sword_n but_o i_o wave_v those_o and_o will_v take_v a_o view_n of_o our_o own_o affair_n at_o a_o less_o remote_a distance_n and_o see_v whether_o william_n the_o conqueror_n translate_v the_o government_n upon_o any_o better_a term_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o norman_n and_o upon_o examination_n it_o appear_v he_o have_v no_o better_a title_n to_o england_n than_o the_o rest_n before_o mention_v have_v at_o first_o to_o their_o several_a country_n or_o than_o his_o predecessor_n rollo_n have_v to_o normandy_n itself_o norman_a for_o about_o 120._o year_n before_o it_o happen_v that_o this_o rollo_n issue_v in_o the_o head_n of_o a_o barbarous_a rout_n out_o of_o denmark_n and_o norway_n first_o into_o the_o duchy_n of_o freeze_v and_o henault_n afterward_o he_o seat_v himself_o by_o force_n in_o the_o possession_n of_o rohan_n in_o a_o short_a time_n of_o all_o normandy_n and_o miss_v but_o a_o little_a of_o the_o conquest_n of_o paris_n from_o he_o this_o william_n be_v the_o six_o duke_n of_o normandy_n who_o though_o a_o bastard_n legitimate_a his_o title_n by_o the_o success_n of_o several_a battle_n against_o six_o or_o seven_o of_o his_o competitor_n more_o clear_a in_o blood_n than_o himself_o by_o which_o mean_n have_v secure_v his_o claim_n at_o home_n he_o become_v the_o more_o confident_a to_o tempt_v his_o fortune_n with_o a_o design_n upon_o england_n as_o for_o any_o right_n to_o the_o crown_n he_o have_v none_o save_o a_o frivolous_a testamentary_a title_n pretend_v that_o it_o be_v bequeathe_v to_o he_o by_o the_o last_o will_n of_o his_o kinsman_n k._n edward_n the_o confessor_n upon_o which_o pretence_n he_o betake_v himself_o to_o arm_n and_o with_o a_o collection_n of_o force_n out_o of_o normandy_n france_n flanders_n and_o other_o country_n land_v in_o sussex_n he_o give_v battle_n at_o hastings_n and_o establish_v 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blood_n of_o leoline_n and_o his_o brother_n david_n the_o last_o of_o the_o welsh_a prince_n chronicle_n next_o edward_n the_o second_o be_v force_v by_o arm_n to_o surrender_v his_o right_n to_o his_o son_n edward_n the_o three_o who_o grandchild_n richard_n the_o second_o be_v in_o like_o manner_n by_o force_n of_o arm_n deprive_v by_o henry_n of_o lancaster_n who_o son_n henry_n the_o five_o make_v good_a not_o only_o that_o title_n but_o crave_v out_o a_o new_a one_o with_o his_o sword_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o france_n in_o defiance_n of_o the_o salic_a constitution_n and_o leave_v it_o so_o confirm_v unto_o his_o son_n henry_n the_o six_o that_o he_o be_v crown_v king_n of_o france_n at_o paris_n and_o so_o continue_v till_o fortune_n turn_v his_o title_n be_v cancel_v there_o by_o the_o sword_n of_o the_o french_a as_o it_o be_v likewise_o in_o england_n by_o that_o of_o edward_n the_o four_o who_o son_n edward_n the_o five_o leave_v the_o crown_n in_o the_o bloody_a hand_n of_o richard_n the_o three_o from_o whence_o it_o be_v wrest_v by_o henry_n the_o seven_o this_o henry_n from_o who_o the_o late_a king_n derive_v his_o claim_n come_v in_o with_o a_o army_n and_o as_o one_o have_v well_o observe_v by_o mere_a power_n be_v make_v king_n in_o the_o army_n and_o by_o the_o army_n so_o that_o in_o the_o very_a field_n where_o he_o get_v the_o victory_n the_o crown_n be_v set_v upon_o his_o head_n and_o there_o he_o give_v knighthood_n to_o many_o of_o his_o commander_n upon_o this_o foundation_n of_o military_a power_n he_o get_v himself_o afterwards_o solemn_o crown_v at_o westminster_n and_o soon_o after_o upon_o authority_n thus_o get_v he_o call_v a_o parliament_n and_o in_o that_o parliament_n be_v the_o crown_n entail_v upon_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n thus_o both_o his_o crown_n and_o his_o parliament_n be_v found_v upon_o power_n as_o for_o any_o just_a title_n he_o can_v have_v none_o for_o he_o descend_v from_o a_o bastard_n of_o john_n of_o 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they_o under_o their_o various_a revolution_n but_o it_o be_v vain_a to_o raise_v more_o dust_n out_o of_o the_o cobweb_n of_o antiquity_n in_o so_o limpid_a a_o case_n confirm_v by_o the_o practice_n of_o all_o nation_n look_v near_o our_o own_o time_n into_o the_o war_n of_o germany_n and_o those_o betwixt_o the_o french_a and_o spanish_a of_o late_a time_n in_o catalonia_n and_o flanders_n one_o while_o you_o may_v have_v see_v the_o same_o town_n vude_o the_o power_n of_o the_o emperor_n another_o while_n under_o the_o swede_n this_o year_n under_o the_o french_a the_o next_o under_o the_o spaniard_n and_o upon_o every_o new_a alteration_n without_o scruple_n pay_v a_o new_a allegiance_n and_o submission_n and_o never_o so_o much_o as_o blame_v for_o it_o by_o the_o divine_n of_o their_o own_o or_o any_o other_o nation_n moreover_o none_o can_v deny_v but_o that_o as_o henry_n the_o seven_o and_o the_o rest_n before_o mention_v come_v into_o this_o kingdom_n by_o mere_a power_n without_o title_n of_o inheritance_n so_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o this_o nation_n as_o one_o observe_v swear_v fealty_n and_o allegiance_n to_o they_o and_o obey_v they_o whilst_o they_o rule_v yea_o do_v yield_v subjection_n to_o those_o law_n until_o this_o very_a day_n and_o the_o learned_a in_o the_o law_n do_v continual_o plead_v judge_n justify_v and_o condemn_v according_a to_o those_o law_n so_o that_o herein_o the_o very_a voice_n of_o the_o nation_n with_o one_o consent_n seem_v to_o speak_v aloud_o that_o those_o who_o title_n be_v suppose_v unlawful_a and_o found_v mere_o upon_o force_n yet_o be_v possess_v of_o authority_n may_v lawful_o be_v obey_v nor_o may_v they_o only_o but_o they_o must_v else_o by_o the_o judgement_n of_o civilian_n such_o as_o refuse_v may_v be_v punish_v as_o seditious_a and_o traitorous_a etc._n the_o victor_n be_v ever_o allow_v jure_fw-la gentium_fw-la to_o use_v all_o mean_n for_o secure_v what_o they_o have_v get_v and_o to_o exercise_v a_o right_a of_o dominion_n over_o the_o conquer_a party_n whosoever_o therefore_o shall_v refuse_v submission_n to_o a_o establish_a government_n upon_o pretence_n of_o conscience_n in_o regard_n of_o former_a allegiance_n oath_n and_o covenant_n or_o upon_o suâ—position_n that_o it_o be_v by_o the_o sword_n unlawful_o erect_v deserve_v none_o but_o the_o character_n of_o peevish_a and_o a_o man_n obstinate_a against_o the_o reason_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n let_v his_o pretence_n be_v what_o it_o will_v resistance_n in_o the_o eye_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n be_v treason_n and_o if_o he_o will_v needs_o perish_v in_o the_o flame_n of_o his_o own_o phren'tick_a zeal_n he_o can_v at_o the_o best_a be_v reckon_v but_o the_o madman_n saint_n and_o the_o fool_n martyr_n nescio_fw-la an_fw-la anticyram_fw-la ratio_fw-la illi_fw-la destinet_fw-la omnem_fw-la horat._n chap._n iii_o that_o non-submission_n to_o government_n just_o deprive_v man_n of_o the_o benefit_n of_o its_o protection_n if_o at_o any_o time_n it_o seem_v good_a to_o the_o wise_a disposer_n of_o state_n and_o kingdom_n who_o put_v down_o one_o and_o set_v up_o another_o to_o permit_v the_o expulsion_n of_o such_o as_o be_v former_o in_o possession_n and_o admit_v other_o in_o their_o place_n it_o can_v in_o reason_n be_v expect_v that_o those_o which_o refuse_v obedience_n to_o their_o authority_n shall_v receive_v the_o benefit_n of_o protection_n and_o that_o for_o several_a consideration_n first_o because_o protection_n imply_v a_o return_n of_o obedience_n and_o friendship_n from_o the_o person_n protect_v to_o those_o that_o protect_v they_o otherwise_o they_o put_v themselves_o into_o the_o condition_n of_o enemy_n and_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n which_o indulge_v a_o liberty_n unto_o all_o that_o be_v in_o power_n to_o provide_v for_o their_o own_o security_n they_o may_v be_v handle_v as_o public_a enemy_n and_o outlaw_n wherefore_o in_o this_o case_n so_o little_a of_o protection_n be_v due_a to_o they_o that_o they_o may_v be_v punish_v as_o traitor_n by_o some_o shameful_a execution_n and_o it_o appear_v out_o of_o grotius_n 20._o in_o case_n of_o non-submission_n to_o new_a lord_n after_o a_o victory_n the_o throat_n of_o every_o reâ—user_n be_v whole_o at_o their_o mercy_n and_o all_o this_o de_fw-la jure_fw-la second_o there_o be_v a_o necessity_n of_o some_o government_n at_o all_o time_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o civil_a conversation_n and_o to_o avoid_v confusion_n therefore_o such_o as_o will_v not_o submit_v because_o they_o can_v have_v such_o a_o governor_n as_o themselves_o like_o be_v in_o some_o sense_n mere_a anarchist_n and_o destroy_v the_o two_o main_a end_n of_o all_o civil_a communion_n 6._o the_o first_o whereof_o aristotle_n set_v down_o to_o be_v public_a safety_n in_o relation_n whereunto_o each_o member_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v concern_v to_o have_v a_o care_n of_o the_o whole_a the_o second_o be_v public_a equity_n for_o the_o administration_n of_o justice_n encouragement_n of_o virtue_n and_o punishment_n of_o vice_n without_o which_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o enjoy_v peace_n or_o happiness_n where_o this_o humour_n reign_v there_o those_o two_o can_v never_o be_v secure_v nor_o any_o political_a â—â—taxiâ—_z good_a order_n or_o tranquillity_n maintain_v which_o be_v the_o very_a soul_n of_o government_n forasmuch_o as_o say_v the_o civilian_n the_o essence_n of_o a_o common-weal_n consist_v 5._o ration_fw-la imperandi_fw-la et_fw-la parendi_fw-la in_fw-la imperii_fw-la et_fw-la subjectionis_fw-la rectâ_fw-la ordinatione_fw-la in_o a_o due_a course_n of_o command_v and_o obey_v rule_n and_o subjection_n from_o whence_o say_v they_o we_o may_v conclude_v 26._o regere_fw-la et_fw-la subjici_fw-la that_o rule_n and_o suâ—bjection_n be_v found_v upon_o the_o law_n both_o of_o god_n and_o nature_n and_o they_o must_v needs_o be_v transgressor_n against_o
both_o that_o upon_o any_o pretence_n whatsoever_o shall_v refuse_v to_o obey_v those_o power_n that_o be_v set_v over_o they_o and_o open_v a_o gap_n to_o confusion_n ipsa_fw-la tyrannide_fw-la deteriorem_fw-la of_o far_o worse_a consequence_n than_o any_o tyrannical_a usurpation_n three_o private_a and_o particular_a person_n have_v no_o right_a to_o question_v how_o those_o come_v by_o their_o power_n that_o be_v in_o authority_n over_o they_o for_o if_o that_o be_v once_o admit_v there_o will_v be_v no_o end_n of_o dispute_n in_o the_o world_n touch_v title_n it_o be_v ground_n enough_o for_o the_o submission_n of_o particular_a person_n in_o thing_n of_o political_a equity_n that_o those_o which_o have_v get_v the_o power_n be_v irresistible_a and_o able_a to_o force_v it_o if_o they_o refuse_v 4._o for_o as_o touch_v this_o case_n say_v the_o most_o excellent_a grotius_n private_a person_n ought_v not_o to_o take_v upon_o they_o to_o meddle_v with_o these_o controversy_n in_o point_n of_o title_n but_o rather_o to_o follow_v they_o that_o be_v in_o possession_n for_o all_o power_n be_v from_o god_n and_o our_o saviour_n tell_v pilate_n the_o power_n that_o he_o have_v be_v give_v he_o from_o above_o though_o all_o the_o world_n know_v that_o pilate_n be_v but_o a_o deputy-governor_n and_o in_o a_o civil_a acceptation_n receive_v his_o power_n from_o caesar_n who_o be_v a_o usurper_n to_o this_o accord_n that_o of_o bodinus_fw-la 1._o etc._n de_fw-la repub._n cap._n 6._o who_o say_v that_o all_o government_n be_v lawful_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o first_o cause_n viz._n god_n but_o on_o the_o othor_n side_n if_o we_o regard_v secondary_a cause_n all_o government_n have_v have_v their_o beginning_n and_o foundation_n upon_o force_n and_o violence_n now_o since_o all_o command_a power_n hold_v their_o supremacy_n from_o god_n and_o that_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n they_o have_v a_o right_a to_o exercise_v their_o power_n over_o those_o who_o they_o hold_v 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punish_v as_o guilty_a of_o treason_n and_o this_o by_o the_o custom_n and_o law_n of_o nation_n which_o provide_v for_o the_o authority_n and_o safety_n of_o all_o that_o be_v in_o power_n 307._o now_o say_v the_o same_o author_n if_o any_o person_n will_v not_o acknowledge_v nor_o submit_v to_o those_o that_o rule_v the_o commonwealth_n it_o be_v to_o be_v presume_v that_o he_o have_v some_o design_n in_o hand_n to_o their_o prejudice_n and_o he_o may_v be_v punish_v according_o which_o punishment_n the_o crime_n be_v treason_n amount_v to_o loss_n of_o life_n as_o well_o as_o possession_n and_o protection_n chap._n iv._o that_o a_o government_n erect_v by_o a_o prevail_a part_n of_o the_o people_n be_v as_o valid_a de_fw-la jure_fw-la we_o if_o it_o have_v the_o ratify_a consent_n of_o the_o whole_a since_o after_o the_o miserable_a confusion_n of_o a_o civil_a war_n there_o be_v in_o the_o end_n a_o necessity_n of_o some_o settlement_n it_o can_v in_o reason_n be_v imagine_v when_o the_o controversy_n be_v decide_v by_o the_o sword_n that_o the_o conqueror_n shall_v as_o to_o the_o manner_n of_o settlement_n submit_v to_o the_o will_n of_o the_o conquer_a party_n though_o more_o in_o number_n than_o themselves_o nor_o be_v they_o oblige_v to_o settle_v the_o government_n again_o according_a to_o the_o former_a law_n and_o constitution_n but_o may_v in_o this_o case_n use_v such_o mean_n as_o *_o naturae_fw-la nature_n instruct_v they_o in_o and_o erect_v such_o a_o form_n as_o they_o themselves_o conceive_v most_o convenient_a for_o their_o own_o preservation_n belli_fw-la to_o this_o truth_n we_o have_v the_o testimony_n of_o the_o most_o learned_a grotius_n which_o i_o will_v set_v down_o at_o large_a in_fw-la bello_fw-la civili_fw-la scripta_fw-la quidem_fw-la jura_fw-la id_fw-la est_fw-la civilia_fw-la non_fw-la valent_fw-la at_o valent_fw-la non_fw-la scripta_fw-la id_fw-la est_fw-la quae_fw-la natura_fw-la dictat_fw-la aut_fw-la gentium_fw-la consensus_fw-la constituit_fw-la in_o a_o civil_a war_n say_v he_o write_v law_n that_o be_v the_o establish_a law_n of_o a_o nation_n be_v of_o no_o force_n but_o those_o only_o which_o be_v not_o write_v that_o be_v which_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o dictate_v of_o nature_n or_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o nation_n and_o then_o that_o only_o be_v law_n say_v he_o which_o shall_v be_v declare_v by_o the_o prevail_a party_n ibid._n jus_fw-la dicitur_fw-la esse_fw-la id_fw-la quod_fw-la validiori_fw-la placuit_fw-la ut_fw-la intelligamus_fw-la fine_fw-la suo_fw-la carere_fw-la jus_fw-la nisi_fw-la vires_fw-la ministras_fw-la habeat_fw-la that_o only_o which_o it_o please_v the_o strong_a party_n to_o enact_v be_v say_v to_o be_v law_n since_o it_o can_v accomplish_v the_o outward_a end_n of_o a_o law_n 6._o except_o it_o be_v attend_v by_o force_n to_o constrain_v obedience_n hence_o come_v it_o say_v the_o florentine_a secretary_n that_o all_o the_o prophet_n that_o be_v arm_v prevail_v but_o those_o that_o be_v unarm_v be_v too_o weak_a and_o therefore_o it_o behave_v all_o legislator_n to_o be_v so_o provide_v that_o if_o the_o people_n will_v not_o be_v rule_v they_o may_v compel_v they_o by_o force_n moses_n cyrus_n theseus_n and_o romulus_n will_v never_o have_v be_v able_a long_o to_o continue_v the_o authority_n of_o their_o law_n have_v they_o be_v without_o arm_n at_o command_n and_o solon_n himself_o the_o great_a athenian_a lawgiver_n ib._n declare_v he_o can_v never_o have_v establish_v his_o law_n at_o athens_n have_v he_o not_o have_v power_n to_o second_v they_o and_o that_o all_o those_o great_a matter_n which_o he_o effect_v in_o found_v a_o commonwealth_n he_o do_v {non-roman}_o {non-roman}_o {non-roman}_o {non-roman}_o {non-roman}_o jugo_fw-la by_o couple_v law_n and_o force_n make_v authority_n and_o power_n walk_v hand_n in_o hand_n together_o moreover_o as_o to_o the_o late_a contest_n betwixt_o king_n and_o parliament_n grotius_n speak_v very_a home_n to_o justify_v the_o parliament_n late_a proceed_n in_o positive_a term_n 4._o si_fw-la rex_fw-la partem_fw-la habeat_fw-la summi_fw-la imperii_fw-la partem_fw-la alteram_fw-la populus_fw-la aut_fw-la senatus_fw-la regi_fw-la in_fw-la partem_fw-la non_fw-la suam_fw-la involanti_fw-la vis_fw-la justa_fw-la opponi_fw-la poterit_fw-la quia_fw-la eatenus_fw-la imperium_fw-la non_fw-la habet_fw-la quod_fw-la ubi_fw-la fit_fw-la potest_fw-la rex_fw-la etiam_fw-la suam_fw-la imperii_fw-la partem_fw-la belli_fw-la jure_fw-la amittere_fw-la that_o be_v in_o english_a if_o the_o authority_n be_v divide_v betwixt_o a_o king_n and_o his_o people_n in_o parliament_n so_o that_o the_o king_n have_v one_o part_n the_o people_n another_o the_o king_n offer_v to_o encroach_v upon_o that_o part_n which_o be_v none_o of_o he_o may_v lawful_o be_v oppose_v by_o force_n of_o arm_n because_o he_o exceed_v the_o bound_n of_o his_o authority_n and_o not_o only_o so_o but_o he_o may_v lose_v his_o own_o part_n likewise_o by_o the_o *_o belli_fw-la law_n of_o arm_n from_o whence_o i_o plain_o infer_v that_o if_o a_o king_n may_v thus_o 21._o by_o right_a of_o war_n lose_v his_o share_n and_o interest_n in_o authority_n and_o power_n be_v conquer_v then_o on_o the_o other_o side_n by_o right_a of_o war_n the_o whole_a must_v needs_o reside_v in_o that_o part_n of_o the_o people_n which_o prevail_v over_o he_o there_o be_v no_o middle_a power_n to_o make_v any_o claim_n and_o so_o the_o consequence_n be_v clear_a likewise_o that_o the_o whole_a right_n of_o kingly_a authority_n be_v by_o military_a decision_n resolve_v into_o the_o prevail_a party_n what_o government_n so_o ever_o it_o please_v they_o next_o to_o erect_v be_v as_o valid_a de_fw-la jure_fw-la as_o if_o it_o have_v the_o consent_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o people_n these_o premise_n thus_o lay_v upon_o a_o sure_a ground_n show_v the_o weakness_n of_o his_o who_o write_v that_o so_o much_o magnify_v pamphlet_n entitle_v a_o exercitation_n concerning_o usurp_a power_n etc._n etc._n for_o the_o design_n of_o that_o gild_a structure_n raise_v upon_o the_o sandy_a foundation_n of_o a_o false_a
hypothesis_n be_v oblique_o to_o charge_v the_o present_a power_n in_o england_n as_o usurper_n though_o he_o have_v lay_v the_o scene_n in_o america_n to_o this_o purpose_n he_o spend_v his_o first_o chapter_n where_o tell_v what_o usurpation_n be_v he_o define_v it_o a_o intrusion_n into_o the_o seat_n of_o authority_n without_o any_o lawful_a right_n title_n or_o call_v and_o insinuate_v it_o to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o present_a governor_n as_o if_o they_o be_v guilty_a of_o this_o intrusion_n without_o right_a or_o title_n in_o apply_v this_o he_o first_o allege_v that_o the_o right_a and_o title_n to_o government_n be_v in_o a_o king_n lord_n and_o commons_o coordinate_a in_o power_n not_o in_o the_o commons_o alone_o this_o indeed_o be_v true_a till_o the_o king_n as_o i_o show_v before_o lose_v his_o title_n by_o right_n of_o war_n and_o until_o the_o lord_n likewise_o lose_v they_o by_o compliance_n with_o the_o enemy_n and_o invader_n of_o the_o nation_n for_o which_o cause_n they_o themselves_o also_o by_o right_a of_o war_n forfeit_v all_o their_o interest_n and_o privilege_n as_o enemy_n and_o so_o the_o who_o authority_n devolve_v natural_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o commons_o but_o here_o the_o exercitator_n object_n also_o that_o the_o present_a governor_n have_v usurp_v over_o the_o majority_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o in_o that_o they_o be_v thrust_v out_o of_o the_o house_n by_o force_n but_o for_o answer_n since_o by_o the_o equity_n of_o all_o law_n accessary_n be_v punishable_a as_o well_o as_o those_o that_o be_v principal_a in_o the_o crime_n therefore_o by_o the_o same_o right_n of_o war_n the_o seclude_a member_n also_o in_o adhere_v to_o the_o conquer_a party_n even_o after_o the_o victory_n and_o favour_v the_o invader_n be_v just_o deprive_v of_o their_o interest_n and_o the_o supreme_a †_o 5._o authority_n descend_v lawful_o to_o those_o member_n that_o have_v the_o courage_n to_o assert_v their_o freedom_n secure_v their_o own_o interest_n themselves_o and_o their_o adherent_n from_o future_a inconvenience_n and_o take_v the_o forfeiture_n of_o those_o prerogative_n and_o privilege_n of_o the_o king_n lord_n and_o seclude_v commons_o as_o heir_n apparent_a by_o the_o law_n of_o arm_n and_o custom_n of_o nation_n to_o a_o investiture_n in_o the_o whole_a supremacy_n one_o objection_n more_o he_o have_v how_o that_o a_o call_n from_o the_o people_n be_v necessary_a and_o essential_a to_o a_o human_o constitute_v magistracy_n our_o present_a governor_n ought_v to_o have_v such_o a_o call_n but_o not_o have_v it_o they_o be_v therefore_o conclude_v guilty_a of_o usurpation_n this_o be_v the_o sum_n of_o the_o objection_n though_o not_o syllogistical_o decipher_v to_o which_o i_o answer_v 1._o that_o if_o only_o a_o call_n from_o the_o people_n constitute_v a_o lawful_a magistracy_n than_o there_o have_v very_o rare_o ever_o be_v any_o lawful_a magistracy_n in_o the_o world_n nor_o among_o we_o long_o 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any_o call_n from_o the_o people_n only_o in_o the_o investiture_n they_o have_v their_o consent_n because_o out_o of_o a_o love_n of_o public_a peace_n none_o will_v or_o out_o of_o fear_n none_o dare_v offer_v to_o question_v their_o title_n now_o if_o the_o former_a part_n of_o this_o objection_n be_v true_a that_o a_o call_n be_v the_o only_a essential_a constitute_v a_o lawful_a government_n than_o it_o will_v follow_v that_o as_o all_o the_o world_n so_o we_o and_o our_o ancestor_n have_v live_v and_o pay_v obedience_n for_o the_o most_o part_n under_o a_o unlawful_a magistracy_n which_o sure_o no_o sober_a man_n will_v affirm_v but_o if_o any_o will_v be_v so_o mad_a as_o to_o say_v it_o i_o only_o propound_v to_o he_o this_o sober_a quaere_fw-la why_o we_o may_v not_o now_o as_o lawful_o submit_v to_o the_o present_a magistracy_n in_o case_n it_o be_v unlawful_a as_o our_o ancestor_n do_v heretofore_o to_o they_o for_o the_o public_a peace_n of_o the_o nation_n 2._o as_o to_o the_o assumptive_a part_n part_n of_o this_o objection_n which_o insinuate_v that_o our_o present_a governor_n have_v no_o call_n or_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n i_o answer_v that_o if_o by_o the_o consent_n be_v mean_v the_o consent_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o people_n or_o of_o the_o major_a part_n of_o their_o representative_n this_o may_v hold_v requisite_a in_o a_o state_n not_o divide_v by_o civil_a war_n but_o at_o peace_n within_o itself_o where_o it_o be_v most_o consonant_a to_o reason_n that_o in_o case_n there_o be_v occasion_n to_o elect_v a_o supreme_a magistrate_n or_o magistrate_n the_o election_n shall_v be_v carry_v by_o the_o great_a number_n of_o voice_n in_o such_o manner_n as_o voice_n be_v usual_o give_v in_o that_o state_n but_o now_o in_o a_o civil_a war_n the_o case_n be_v alter_v when_o the_o controversy_n touch_v government_n be_v decide_v by_o the_o sword_n for_o ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la the_o sword_n create_v a_o title_n for_o he_o or_o those_o that_o bear_v it_o mutatur_fw-la and_o install_v they_o with_o a_o new_a majesty_n of_o empire_n abolish_n the_o old_a because_o as_o the_o civilian_n say_v the_o ancient_a majesty_n of_o a_o state_n or_o common-weal_n continue_v no_o long_o if_o it_o be_v change_v either_o by_o a_o great_a power_n or_o by_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n where_o you_o see_v force_n and_o power_n be_v put_v in_o equal_a balance_n with_o popular_a consent_n in_o relation_n to_o change_v of_o government_n and_o as_o if_o it_o be_v the_o best_a pedigree_n of_o supremacy_n they_o define_v the_o supreme_a authority_n to_o be_v that_o which_o hold_v claim_v from_o god_n and_o the_o sword_n etc._n and_o therefore_o be_v also_o as_o it_o be_v the_o author_n of_o its_o own_o original_a without_o dependence_n on_o any_o other_o so_o that_o say_v they_o every_o commonwealth_n be_v it_o never_o so_o small_a which_o acknowledge_v no_o superior_a but_o god_n and_o the_o sword_n have_v a_o right_n of_o majesty_n or_o political_a supremacy_n camman_n disput._n de_fw-fr juribus_fw-la majest._n 1._o thes._n 70._o 75._o etc._n etc._n to_o this_o accord_n that_o of_o grotius_n before-recited_a that_o as_o in_o war_n all_o other_o thing_n fall_v to_o the_o conqueror_n by_o way_n of_o acquisition_n so_o likewise_o a_o right_a to_o govern_v the_o people_n and_o even_o that_o right_o also_o which_o the_o people_n themselves_o have_v to_o government_n 1._o so_o that_o what_o government_n soever_o it_o please_v they_o to_o erect_v 15._o the_o people_n have_v lose_v their_o right_n of_o election_n to_o they_o must_v be_v as_o valid_a de_fw-la iure_fw-la as_o if_o it_o have_v the_o people_n consent_n but_o as_o in_o this_o case_n there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o their_o express_a positive_a consent_n to_o justify_v a_o new_a goverument_n so_o a_o tacit_a or_o imply_v consent_n be_v sufficient_a which_o consent_n as_o one_o say_v well_o be_v the_o very_a dictate_n of_o nature_n or_o common_a reason_n because_o it_o be_v better_a to_o have_v some_o justice_n than_o none_o at_o all_o and_o there_o be_v a_o necessity_n of_o some_o coercive_a power_n or_o government_n leave_v all_o be_v leave_v to_o disorder_n violence_n and_o confusion_n which_o none_o even_o of_o the_o conquer_a party_n can_v be_v so_o unnatural_a as_o to_o desire_v and_o therefore_o say_v *_o 10._o suarez_n they_o do_v tacit_o consent_v that_o justice_n be_v administer_v by_o the_o conqueror_n because_o it_o be_v a_o less_o evil_a to_o be_v govern_v by_o they_o than_o altogether_o to_o want_v due_a coaction_n and_o direction_n object_n now_o ere_o i_o conclude_v this_o chapter_n i_o must_v needs_o wipe_v away_o one_o objection_n very_o frequent_a in_o the_o mouth_n of_o many_o that_o this_o transmission_n of_o title_n by_o right_n of_o war_n hold_v good_a when_o nation_n be_v engage_v against_o nation_n but_o in_o one_o single_a nation_n
the_o case_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o england_n state_v or_o the_o equity_n utility_n and_o necessity_n of_o a_o submission_n to_o the_o present_a government_n clear_v out_o of_o monument_n both_o sacred_a and_o civil_a against_o all_o the_o scruple_n and_o pretence_n of_o the_o opposite_a party_n viz._n royalist_n scot_n presbyterian_n leveller_n wherein_o be_v discover_v several_o the_o vanity_n of_o their_o design_n together_o with_o the_o improbability_n of_o their_o success_n and_o inconvenience_n which_o must_v follow_v shall_v either_o of_o they_o take_v effect_n to_o the_o extreme_a prejudice_n of_o the_o nation_n two_o part_n with_o a_o discourse_n of_o the_o excellency_n of_o a_o free-state_n above_o a_o kingly-government_n the_o second_o edition_n with_o addition_n collect_v out_o of_o salmasius_n his_o defensio_fw-la regius_fw-la and_o m._n hobbs_n de_fw-fr corpore_fw-la politico_fw-la by_o marchamont_n nedham_n gent._n salustius_n incredebile_a est_fw-la memoratu_fw-la quantum_fw-la adeptâ_fw-la libertate_fw-la in_fw-la brevi_fw-la romana_fw-la civitas_fw-la creverit_fw-la fr._n guicciard_n histor._n lib._n 10._o liberae_fw-la civitates_fw-la deo_fw-la summoperè_fw-la placent_fw-la cò_fw-la quòd_fw-la in_fw-la iis_fw-la magis_fw-la quà m_fw-la in_fw-la alio_fw-la genere_fw-la rerumpub_fw-la common_fw-la bonum_fw-la conservetur_fw-la jus_fw-la suum_fw-la cuique_fw-la aequaliter_fw-la distibuatur_fw-la civium_fw-la animi_fw-la vehementiùs_fw-la ad_fw-la virtutem_fw-la et_fw-la laudem_fw-la accendantur_fw-la religio_fw-la colatur_fw-la sacra_fw-la peragantur_fw-la london_n print_v for_o e._n blackmore_n and_o r._n lowndes_n 1650._o to_o the_o reader_n perhaps_o thou_o be_v of_o a_o opinion_n contrary_a to_o what_o be_v here_o write_v i_o confess_v that_o for_o a_o time_n i_o myself_o be_v so_o too_o till_o some_o cause_n make_v i_o to_o reflect_v with_o a_o impartial_a eye_n upon_o the_o affair_n of_o this_o new_a government_n hereupon_o begin_v serious_o to_o search_v into_o the_o nature_n of_o it_o with_o the_o many_o plea_n and_o objection_n make_v against_o it_o and_o suppose_v those_o learned_a man_n who_o write_v before_o these_o time_n be_v most_o likely_a to_o speak_v truth_n as_o be_v uninterested_a in_o our_o affair_n and_o unconcerned_a in_o the_o controversy_n i_o take_v a_o view_n of_o their_o reason_n and_o judgement_n and_o from_o thence_o make_v so_o many_o collection_n that_o put_v they_o in_o order_n and_o compare_v all_o together_o they_o soon_o make_v a_o conquest_n over_o i_o and_o my_o opinion_n i_o know_v the_o high_a talker_n the_o light_a and_o censorious_a part_n of_o people_n will_v shoot_v many_o a_o bitter_a arrow_n to_o wound_v my_o reputation_n and_o charge_v i_o with_o levity_n and_o inconstancy_n because_o i_o be_o not_o obstinate_a like_o themselves_o against_o conscience_n right_a reason_n necessity_n the_o custom_n of_o all_o nation_n and_o the_o peace_n of_o our_o own_o but_o this_o sort_n of_o man_n i_o reckon_v inter_fw-la bruta_n animantia_fw-la among_o who_o to_o do_v well_o be_v to_o hear_v ill_a who_o usual_o speak_v amiss_o of_o those_o thing_n that_o they_o do_v not_o or_o will_v not_o understand_v from_o they_o therefore_o i_o appeal_v to_o the_o great_a tribunal_n where_o it_o be_v know_v i_o have_v in_o this_o deal_v faithful_o and_o to_o the_o more_o sober_a intelligence_n here_o below_o with_o who_o these_o paper_n must_v needs_o find_v the_o more_o free_a entertainment_n because_o free_a from_o partiality_n and_o the_o least_o tincture_n of_o faction_n and_o that_o they_o may_v be_v the_o fit_a to_o walk_v abroad_o in_o the_o world_n i_o have_v divide_v they_o into_o two_o part_n and_o accommodate_v they_o with_o a_o method_n suitable_a to_o those_o two_o party_n whereof_o the_o world_n consist_v viz._n the_o conscientious_a man_n and_o the_o worldling_n the_o former_a will_v approve_v nothing_o but_o what_o be_v just_a and_o equitable_a and_o therefore_o i_o have_v labour_v to_o satisfy_v he_o as_o i_o have_v do_v myself_o touch_v the_o justice_n of_o submission_n the_o latter_a will_v embrace_v any_o thing_n so_o it_o make_v for_o his_o profit_n and_o therefore_o i_o have_v show_v he_o the_o inconvenience_n and_o danger_n that_o will_v follow_v his_o opposition_n of_o a_o settlement_n now_o though_o the_o other_o shall_v continue_v obstinate_a in_o their_o erroneous_a pretence_n yet_o of_o this_o latter_a sort_n i_o dare_v promise_v myself_o a_o abundance_n of_o proselyte_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o world_n be_v lead_v more_o by_o appetite_n of_o convenience_n and_o commodity_n than_o the_o dictate_v of_o conscience_n and_o it_o be_v a_o more_o current_a way_n of_o persuasion_n by_o tell_v man_n what_o will_v be_v profitable_a and_o convenient_a for_o they_o to_o do_v than_o what_o they_o ought_v to_o do_v but_o prithee_o read_v and_o then_o do_v what_o thou_o list_v i_o have_v only_o one_o word_n more_o and_o that_o be_v to_o our_o modern_a pharisee_n the_o conscientious_a pretender_n and_o principal_a disturber_n of_o the_o public_a peace_n if_o he_o will_v not_o be_v convince_v by_o so_o clear_a testimony_n but_o raise_v more_o dust_n about_o our_o ear_n to_o amaze_v the_o people_n it_o must_v be_v conclude_v that_o all_o this_o noise_n of_o church-reformation_n conscience_n and_o covenant_n be_v a_o mere_a malicious_a design_n to_o drive_v on_o a_o faction_n for_o the_o cast_n down_o of_o our_o present_a governor_n that_o they_o may_v set_v up_o themselves_o in_o the_o seat_n of_o authority_n farewell_o and_o be_v wise_a be_v convince_v of_o the_o truth_n of_o these_o thing_n i_o conceive_v myself_o oblige_v to_o show_v other_o the_o same_o way_n of_o satisfaction_n the_o content_n of_o the_o first_o part._n chap._n i._n that_o government_n have_v their_o revolution_n and_o fatal_a period_n chap._n ii_o that_o the_o power_n of_o the_o sword_n be_v and_o ever_o have_v be_v the_o foundation_n of_o all_o title_n to_o government_n chap._n iii_o that_o non-submission_n to_o government_n just_o deprive_v man_n of_o the_o benefit_n of_o its_o protection_n chap._n iv._o that_o a_o government_n erect_v by_o a_o prevail_a part_n of_o the_o people_n be_v as_o valid_a de_fw-la iure_fw-la as_o if_o it_o have_v the_o ratify_a consent_n of_o the_o whole_a chap._n v._o that_o the_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n and_o covenant_n be_v no_o justifiable_a ground_n to_o raise_v a_o new_a war_n in_o or_o against_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o england_n the_o intent_n of_o the_o first_o part_n be_v to_o prove_v the_o necessity_n and_o equity_n of_o the_o second_o to_o manifest_v the_o utility_n and_o benefit_n of_o a_o submission_n the_o case_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n state_v part_n i._n chap._n i._n that_o government_n have_v their_o revolution_n and_o fatal_a period_n the_o best_a of_o preacher_n 1._o solomon_n take_v the_o world_n for_o his_o text_n find_v no_o other_o application_n can_v be_v make_v of_o it_o than_o this_o that_o all_o under_o the_o sun_n be_v vanity_n and_o this_o he_o prove_v as_o do_v the_o wise_a of_o philosopher_n by_o the_o perpetual_a rotation_n of_o all_o thing_n in_o a_o circle_n from_o *_o 10._o generation_n to_o corruption_n inest_fw-la rebus_fw-la cunctis_fw-la quidam_fw-la velut_fw-la orbis_fw-la annal._n etc._n etc._n there_o be_v say_v tacitus_n as_o it_o be_v a_o wheel_n of_o all_o thing_n hel._n and_o a_o revolution_n of_o manner_n as_o well_o as_o time_n nor_o be_v the_o huge_a body_n of_o commonwealth_n exempt_v from_o the_o same_o fate_n with_o plant_n brute_n man_n and_o other_o petty_a individual_n and_o this_o by_o a_o certain_a destiny_n or_o decree_n of_o nature_n who_o in_o all_o her_o production_n make_v the_o second_o moment_n of_o their_o perfection_n the_o first_o towards_o their_o dissolution_n lucan_n this_o be_v observe_v to_o our_o purpose_n in_o the_o present_a case_n by_o the_o master_n of_o roman_a eloquence_n idipsum_fw-la à _fw-la platone_n plat._n philosophiâque_fw-la didici_fw-la naturales_fw-la esse_fw-la conversiones_fw-la rerumpub_fw-la ut_fw-la eae_fw-la tum_fw-la à _fw-la principibus_fw-la teneantur_fw-la tum_fw-la à _fw-la populo_fw-la tum_fw-la à _fw-la singulis_fw-la i_o have_v learned_a say_v he_o out_o of_o plato_n philosophy_n that_o commonweal_n be_v alter_v by_o turn_v into_o the_o several_a form_n of_o government_n aristocracy_n democracy_n and_o monarchy_n nor_o can_v any_o reason_n be_v give_v for_o it_o beside_o those_o rapid_a hurricano_n of_o fatal_a necessity_n which_o blow_v upon_o our_o affair_n from_o all_o point_n of_o the_o compass_n sicut_fw-la variae_fw-la nascentibus_fw-la contingunt_fw-la pueris_fw-la animae_fw-la sym._n sic_fw-la urbibus_fw-la affert_fw-la hora_fw-la diésque_fw-la suum_fw-la cum_fw-la primùm_fw-la maenia_fw-la surgunt_fw-la aut_fw-la genium_fw-la aut_fw-la fatum_fw-la certum_fw-la est_fw-la et_fw-la inevitabile_fw-la fatum_fw-la quod_fw-la ratio_fw-la vincere_fw-la nulla_fw-la potest_fw-la ovid_n quodque_fw-la omnia_fw-la certo_fw-la fine_fw-la gubernat_fw-la sic_fw-la omnia_fw-la verti_fw-la cernimus_fw-la metam_fw-la atque_fw-la alius_fw-la assumere_fw-la pondera_fw-la gentes_fw-la concidere_fw-la has_fw-la the_o english_a of_o all_o be_v that_o as_o man_n
submit_v to_o they_o so_o far_o as_o not_o to_o presume_v to_o dispute_v how_o they_o come_v by_o their_o power_n and_o this_o course_n be_v most_o agreeable_a to_o the_o sense_n of_o all_o expositor_n the_o practice_n of_o all_o time_n and_o the_o voice_n even_o of_o natural_a reason_n since_o the_o open_n of_o a_o gap_n to_o question_v supreme_a power_n and_o touch_v the_o tender_a eye_n of_o their_o authority_n will_v let_v out_o all_o into_o confusion_n tumult_n follow_v tumult_n like_o billow_n upon_o billow_n till_o the_o world_n be_v overwhelm_v with_o a_o sea_n of_o misery_n and_o distraction_n object_n but_o some_o may_v object_v if_o there_o be_v such_o a_o necessity_n of_o submission_n to_o supreme_a power_n without_o question_v they_o how_o then_o can_v this_o parliament_n be_v justify_v in_o have_v question_v the_o king_n at_o their_o first_o sit_v for_o divers_a of_o his_o action_n answ_n i_o answer_v there_o be_v a_o difference_n betwixt_o supreme_a power_n and_o the_o exercise_n of_o it_o the_o controversy_n be_v not_o at_o first_o concerning_o his_o right_n of_o government_n but_o the_o abuse_n of_o it_o by_o way_n of_o maladministration_n in_o defence_n of_o which_o abuse_v he_o take_v arm_n and_o so_o by_o the_o law_n of_o arm_n lose_v his_o right_n as_o be_v prove_v before_o the_o power_n descend_v to_o those_o that_o be_v now_o in_o possession_n who_o right_a we_o ought_v no_o more_o to_o question_v than_o at_o first_o we_o do_v he_o their_o power_n derive_v as_o natural_a a_o pedigree_n from_o heaven_n as_o his_o do_v and_o be_v as_o legal_o confirm_v by_o the_o law_n of_o arm_n and_o nation_n as_o ever_o that_o be_v which_o he_o hold_v from_o his_o predecessor_n now_o in_o that_o the_o 13._o to_o the_o roman_n command_v a_o submission_n and_o obedience_n in_o general_a term_n it_o be_v not_o mean_v to_o all_o power_n in_o the_o arbitrary_a exercise_n of_o their_o power_n in_o time_n of_o peace_n but_o to_o all_o supreme_a power_n in_o point_n of_o title_n be_v it_o settle_v upon_o they_o by_o *_o 10._o right_n of_o war_n inheritance_n or_o any_o other_o way_n and_o to_o support_v this_o exposition_n give_v i_o leave_v here_o to_o introduce_v two_o of_o the_o main_a pillar_n of_o reformation_n bucer_n and_o calvin_n man_n famous_a in_o their_o generation_n who_o testimony_n may_v serve_v once_o for_o all_o touch_v that_o so_o much_o controvert_v chapter_n to_o the_o roman_n the_o apostle_n say_v calvin_n upon_o the_o place_n seem_v here_o to_o go_v about_o to_o take_v away_o the_o frivolous_a cuâ—iosity_n of_o man_n 13._o who_o use_v often_o to_o inquire_v by_o what_o right_o those_o which_o have_v command_n do_v get_v their_o authority_n but_o it_o ought_v to_o suffice_v we_o that_o they_o be_v in_o pre-eminence_n for_o they_o do_v not_o get_v up_o to_o this_o height_n by_o their_o own_o strength_n but_o be_v set_v over_o we_o by_o the_o hand_n of_o god_n and_o say_v bucer_n also_o on_o the_o same_o place_n when_o a_o question_n be_v make_v who_o we_o shall_v obey_v it_o must_v not_o be_v regard_v what_o he_o be_v that_o exercise_v the_o power_n 13._o or_o by_o what_o right_a or_o wrong_n he_o have_v invade_v the_o power_n or_o in_o what_o form_n he_o dispense_v it_o but_o only_o if_o he_o have_v power_n for_o if_o any_o man_n do_v excel_v in_o power_n it_o be_v now_o out_o of_o doubt_n that_o he_o have_v receive_v that_o power_n from_o god_n wherefore_o without_o all_o exception_n thou_o must_v yield_v thyself_o up_o to_o he_o and_o hearty_o obey_v he_o see_v now_o all_o supreme_a power_n be_v of_o god_n and_o that_o the_o apostle_n command_v subjection_n to_o they_o but_o damn_v resistance_n it_o be_v clear_a then_o as_o to_o our_o case_n here_o in_o england_n that_o we_o owe_v submission_n to_o the_o present_a governor_n and_o that_o no_o private_a man_n have_v any_o warrant_n out_o of_o the_o word_n to_o satisfy_v his_o conscience_n in_o the_o lawfulness_n of_o such_o action_n as_o tend_v to_o disturb_v or_o thrust_v they_o out_o of_o possession_n therefore_o according_a to_o this_o second_o supposition_n of_o the_o doctor_n no_o oath_n be_v of_o force_n to_o bind_v the_o conscience_n further_o than_o a_o man_n may_v lawful_o act_n it_o follow_v evident_o the_o case_n thus_o stand_v that_o the_o old_a allegiance_n be_v cancel_v and_o we_o bind_v to_o admit_v a_o new_a and_o that_o both_o it_o and_o the_o covenant_n have_v now_o no_o influence_n at_o all_o over_o we_o but_o be_v utter_o void_a and_o of_o none_o effect_n 3_o stantibus_fw-la the_o three_o tacit_a condition_n or_o supposition_n imply_v in_o all_o oath_n be_v say_v the_o doctor_n rebus_fw-la sic_fw-la stantibus_fw-la as_o long_o as_o thing_n continue_v thus_o it_o be_v to_o be_v presume_v that_o when_o i_o swear_v to_o perform_v any_o thing_n i_o do_v it_o with_o this_o tacit_a reservation_n if_o i_o be_v not_o hinder_v by_o a_o alteration_n of_o affair_n but_o if_o such_o a_o alteration_n happen_z that_o neither_o the_o same_o person_n nor_o thing_n be_v in_o be_v which_o i_o swear_v to_o maintain_v my_o oath_n be_v at_o a_o end_n and_o the_o obligation_n cease_v which_o now_o be_v our_o very_a case_n here_o in_o england_n the_o government_n be_v change_v and_o new_a governor_n set_v over_o we_o for_o this_o the_o learned_a grotius_n have_v one_o instance_n very_o pertinent_a to_o our_o purpose_n magistratus_fw-la a_o oath_n say_v he_o bind_v a_o man_n no_o long_o if_o the_o quality_n or_o condition_n of_o the_o person_n to_o who_o he_o swear_v be_v alter_v as_o for_o example_n if_o he_o that_o be_v a_o magistrate_n cease_v to_o be_v a_o magistrate_n in_o evidence_n whereof_o the_o same_o author_n allege_v a_o say_n of_o caesar_n to_o the_o soldier_n of_o domitius_n when_o domitius_n be_v a_o prisoner_n they_o be_v unwilling_a to_o serve_v caesar_n because_o of_o the_o military_a oath_n they_o have_v take_v for_o the_o other_o but_o to_o take_v away_o this_o scruple_n 2._o say_v caesar_n to_o they_o sacramento_n quidem_fw-la vos_fw-la tenère_fw-la quî_fw-la potuit_fw-la belli_fw-la quum_fw-la projectis_fw-la fascibus_fw-la et_fw-la deposito_fw-la imperio_fw-la privatus_fw-la et_fw-la captus_fw-la ipse_fw-la in_fw-la alienam_fw-la venisset_fw-la potestatem_fw-la how_o can_v he_o hold_v you_o bind_v by_o oath_n any_o long_o be_v out_v of_o his_o authority_n and_o command_n remain_v a_o private_a man_n and_o a_o prisoner_n under_o the_o power_n of_o another_o alas_o *_o sublatum_fw-la your_o oath_n end_v together_o with_o his_o authority_n thus_o also_o according_a to_o this_o three_o supposition_n of_o the_o doctor_n it_o be_v plain_o to_o be_v infer_v that_o since_o affair_n of_o state_n stand_v not_o now_o in_o england_n ibid._n as_o they_o be_v when_o we_o take_v the_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n or_o the_o covenant_n but_o a_o new_a government_n be_v erect_v therefore_o our_o obligation_n to_o the_o former_a be_v total_o extinguish_v and_o if_o the_o obligation_n be_v extinct_a as_o i_o have_v prove_v in_o the_o several_a particular_n beforementioned_a than_o the_o consequence_n be_v as_o plain_a that_o neither_o of_o those_o oath_n can_v be_v a_o ground_n sufficient_a to_o justify_v any_o royalist_n or_o presbyterian_a in_o deny_v a_o submission_n to_o the_o present_a government_n or_o to_o raise_v a_o new_a war_n within_o the_o nation_n part_n ii_o have_v in_o the_o former_a part_n as_o i_o think_v full_o manifest_v the_o necessity_n and_o equity_n my_o design_n in_o the_o next_o be_v to_o show_v the_o utility_n and_o benefit_n of_o a_o submission_n this_o i_o shall_v do_v by_o state_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o design_n of_o the_o several_a party_n claim_v a_o interest_n in_o this_o nation_n viz_n royalist_n scot_n presbyterian_n leveller_n as_o they_o stand_v in_o opposition_n to_o the_o present_a government_n and_o will_v each_o of_o they_o introduce_v a_o new_a form_n of_o their_o own_o and_o that_o you_o may_v the_o better_o understand_v they_o and_o their_o affair_n i_o shall_v in_o plain_a method_n for_o the_o more_o easy_a conviction_n proceed_v upon_o these_o particular_n first_o the_o great_a improbability_n of_o effect_v their_o design_n second_o the_o grand_a inconvenience_n which_o must_v needs_o follow_v in_o case_n either_o of_o they_o be_v effect_v to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o whole_a nation_n three_o the_o excellency_n of_o a_o free_a state_n or_o commonwealth_n as_o it_o be_v now_o establish_v in_o england_n and_o what_o happiness_n we_o may_v reap_v thereby_o after_o i_o have_v handle_v the_o 2_o former_a as_o they_o hold_v relation_n to_o the_o several_a party_n i_o shall_v bring_v up_o the_o rear_n with_o the_o three_o by_o way_n of_o conclusion_n chap._n i._n concerning_o the_o royal_a party_n the_o royalist_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n first_o such_o as_o adhere_v to_o the_o prince_n out_o
such_o a_o alarm_n to_o the_o bishop_n that_o they_o to_o cross_v the_o design_n fall_v foul_a upon_o all_o of_o the_o opinion_n here_o in_o england_n and_o not_o only_o so_o but_o press_v the_o king_n to_o establish_v a_o episcopal_a uniformity_n in_o both_o kingdom_n even_o in_o scotland_n as_o well_o as_o england_n the_o force_n of_o this_o upon_o the_o scot_n be_v a_o cause_n of_o the_o commotion_n in_o that_o kingdom_n whereupon_o a_o war_n ensue_v betwixt_o the_o king_n and_o they_o through_o the_o instigation_n of_o the_o bishop_n which_o be_v soon_o end_v to_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o scot_n in_o money_n and_o credit_n and_o to_o the_o dishonour_n of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o episcopal_a party_n this_o happy_a success_n wrought_v a_o very_a reverend_a opinion_n of_o they_o in_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o well-affected_a party_n in_o england_n who_o stand_v for_o the_o purity_n of_o religion_n and_o a_o liberty_n of_o conscience_n against_o episcopal_a power_n and_o innovation_n as_o also_o for_o the_o law_n and_o liberty_n of_o the_o nation_n invade_v by_o the_o prerogative_n and_o for_o redress_v of_o these_o thing_n the_o king_n be_v necessitate_v to_o call_v a_o parliament_n who_o not_o obtain_v such_o relief_n of_o grievance_n as_o they_o expect_v by_o reason_n of_o a_o corrupt_a council_n of_o bishop_n and_o other_o about_o the_o king_n which_o alienate_v he_o from_o his_o great_a council_n the_o parliament_n and_o afterward_o cause_v he_o to_o break_v out_o into_o a_o war_n against_o they_o be_v constrain_v likewise_o to_o take_v arm_n in_o defence_n of_o our_o liberty_n hereupon_o recourse_n be_v have_v to_o the_o scot_n for_o their_o assistance_n who_o have_v the_o same_o enemy_n at_o court_n and_o be_v equal_o involve_v in_o the_o same_o common_a danger_n it_o be_v suppose_v they_o be_v concern_v in_o reason_n to_o join_v with_o the_o parliament_n without_o any_o dispute_n or_o scruple_n but_o they_o consider_v now_o be_v the_o time_n to_o make_v their_o market_n if_o ever_o and_o their_o own_o interest_n as_o much_o english_a as_o may_v be_v come_v not_o off_o so_o round_o as_o be_v hope_v but_o fall_v to_o barter_v like_o huckster_n and_o no_o bargain_n will_v be_v forsooth_o without_o a_o covenant_n they_o will_v not_o join_v except_o they_o may_v be_v in_o a_o manner_n all_o one_o with_o we_o and_o this_o union_n must_v be_v seal_v with_o that_o solemn_a league_n and_o covenant_n what_o their_o meaning_n be_v therein_o we_o shall_v know_v by_o and_o by_o by_o take_v a_o view_n of_o their_o action_n ever_o since_o which_o be_v the_o most_o sure_a interpreter_n yet_o even_o at_o that_o time_n etc._n some_o man_n have_v their_o eye_n in_o their_o head_n and_o many_o objection_n be_v make_v at_o divers_a expression_n in_o the_o covenant_n and_o many_o desire_n for_o explanation_n of_o some_o article_n more_o full_o but_o the_o scot_n stand_v stiff_o upon_o their_o own_o term_n and_o no_o conjunction_n like_a to_o be_v obtain_v without_o the_o covenant_n and_o the_o necessity_n of_o the_o parliament_n affair_n admit_v no_o delay_n we_o be_v glad_a to_o take_v it_o as_o it_o be_v offer_v without_o further_a question_n or_o demurrer_n it_o be_v no_o soon_o take_v here_o at_o london_n but_o immediate_o every_o one_o begin_v to_o make_v his_o advantage_n through_o the_o multitude_n and_o ambiguity_n of_o expression_n and_o by_o it_o to_o promote_v his_o several_a interest_n as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v make_v to_o engage_v unto_o a_o particular_a party_n not_o to_o unite_v two_o nation_n in_o a_o common_a interest_n but_o above_o all_o the_o scot_n have_v have_v the_o honour_n of_o this_o invention_n conceive_v themselves_o much_o injure_v by_o any_o that_o deny_v they_o the_o prerogative_n of_o make_v a_o interpretation_n and_o in_o matter_n of_o religion_n urge_v their_o own_o discipline_n as_o the_o only_a pattern_n to_o reform_a the_o church_n by_o and_o their_o plea_n have_v be_v fair_a enough_o out_o of_o the_o covenant_n can_v they_o have_v prove_v it_o to_o be_v according_a to_o the_o word_n of_o god_n which_o clause_n be_v most_o lucky_o insert_v notwithstanding_o all_o the_o reason_n to_o the_o contrary_a the_o scotish_a module_n be_v still_o press_v the_o scot_n be_v willing_a to_o ride_v and_o have_v as_o he_o think_v the_o englishman_n fast_o bridle_v with_o a_o covenant_n he_o begin_v to_o switch_v and_o spur_n the_o throne_n of_o the_o kirk_n be_v the_o stalking-horse_n to_o catch_v goose_n and_o if_o that_o can_v have_v be_v settle_v than_o there_o have_v be_v no_o deny_v they_o whatsoever_o they_o will_v ask_v they_o will_v have_v seat_v themselves_o sure_o in_o this_o fat_a soil_n there_o will_v have_v be_v no_o remove_v they_o out_o of_o our_o counsel_n whereof_o the_o necessity_n of_o our_o affair_n have_v make_v they_o member_n and_o partaker_n for_o have_v the_o kirk-interest_n be_v once_o confirm_v among_o we_o then_o by_o virtue_n of_o that_o authority_n which_o they_o use_v to_o control_v the_o civil_a power_n the_o parliament_n must_v have_v be_v subservient_n to_o all_o their_o end_n and_o since_o it_o will_v have_v concern_v the_o english_a clergy_n to_o make_v their_o party_n strong_a and_o maintain_v correspondency_n for_o their_o own_o preservation_n to_o have_v gratify_v their_o scotish_a founder_n in_o all_o their_o desire_n the_o scot_n may_v easy_o have_v translate_v the_o covenant-union_n to_o as_o good_a as_o a_o absolute_a national_a union_n by_o gain_v a_o joint-interest_n with_o we_o in_o our_o affair_n for_o ever_o and_o consequent_o in_o all_o the_o profit_n great_a office_n counsel_n and_o concernment_n of_o this_o nation_n now_o whether_o this_o be_v their_o design_n or_o not_o in_o the_o covenant_n ab_fw-la origine_fw-la i_o shall_v not_o determine_v but_o let_v it_o be_v judge_v by_o their_o insolent_a behaviour_n here_o among_o we_o after_o they_o be_v admit_v to_o our_o counsel_n and_o therefore_o in_o the_o next_o place_n i_o shall_v examine_v their_o proceed_n which_o most_o evident_o represent_v they_o in_o their_o intention_n it_o suffice_v they_o not_o after_o they_o be_v come_v in_o that_o they_o have_v a_o equal_a power_n with_o we_o in_o public_a affair_n in_o the_o committee_n of_o both_o kingdom_n at_o derby-house_n which_o be_v willing_o allow_v they_o for_o a_o time_n so_o far_o as_o concern_v the_o common_a cause_n of_o both_o nation_n in_o prosecute_v the_o war_n but_o drive_v a_o powerful_a party_n in_o both_o house_n they_o take_v upon_o they_o to_o meddle_v with_o matter_n relate_v to_o the_o future_a peace_n and_o settlement_n of_o this_o nation_n distinct_a from_o their_o own_o and_o to_o provide_v for_o a_o equal_a interest_n with_o we_o therein_o the_o first_o most_o notable_a evidence_n of_o this_o though_o there_o have_v be_v many_o before_o be_v discover_v at_o the_o uxbridge-treaty_n where_o proposition_n of_o both_o house_n for_o peace_n be_v present_v to_o the_o king_n it_o be_v find_v the_o scot_n have_v so_o far_o provide_v for_o themselves_o by_o their_o party_n in_o the_o house_n that_o in_o time_n to_o come_v the_o order_n of_o the_o english_a militia_n the_o power_n of_o make_v war_n and_o peace_n and_o all_o other_o prerogative_n of_o government_n be_v to_o be_v administer_v by_o a_o proportionable_a number_n of_o scot_n as_o well_o as_o english_a a_o thing_n so_o ridiculous_a and_o a_o encroachment_n so_o palpable_a that_o the_o king_n himself_o in_o one_o of_o his_o answer_n take_v notice_n of_o it_o and_o say_v he_o be_v not_o so_o much_o a_o enemy_n to_o the_o english_a nation_n as_o to_o sign_n those_o proposition_n or_o somewhat_o i_o be_o sure_a to_o this_o purpose_n a_o second_o evidence_n or_o discovery_n of_o their_o encroachment_n be_v make_v upon_o their_o deliver_n in_o divers_a paper_n to_o the_o parliament_n at_o several_a time_n wherein_o they_o dispute_v their_o claim_n and_o venture_v their_o logic_n upon_o the_o letter_n of_o the_o covenant_n to_o prove_v a_o interest_n in_o disposal_n of_o matter_n mere_o relate_v to_o our_o welfare_n which_o they_o reinforce_v afterwards_o with_o new_a recruit_n of_o argument_n when_o the_o king_n come_v into_o their_o army_n but_o not_o know_v well_o how_o to_o maintain_v their_o argument_n they_o be_v content_v for_o that_o time_n to_o quit_v they_o and_o their_o king_n too_o upon_o such_o term_n as_o be_v notorious_a to_o all_o the_o world_n who_o be_v at_o length_n reduce_v under_o the_o power_n of_o the_o parliament_n and_o army_n proposition_n of_o peace_n be_v send_v to_o he_o at_o hampton-court_n wherein_o no_o such_o provision_n be_v make_v for_o the_o scotish_a interest_n as_o be_v in_o those_o at_o uxbridge_n their_o commissioner_n here_o protest_v against_o they_o accuse_v the_o parliament_n of_o breach_n of_o covenant_n and_o complain_v high_o in_o one_o of_o their_o
they_o be_v ineed_z the_o only_a keeper_n and_o it_o be_v not_o to_o their_o leader_n alone_o that_o they_o expose_v the_o public_a liberty_n but_o oftentimes_o to_o those_o out_o of_o who_o hand_n it_o be_v first_o recover_v thus_o agathocles_n the_o tyrant_n of_o sicily_n periander_n and_o several_a other_o have_v by_o this_o mean_n after_o they_o have_v be_v expel_v regain_v a_o possession_n and_o therefore_o it_o can_v be_v improper_a here_o to_o return_v the_o language_n of_o our_o leveller_n in_o their_o late_a petition_n home_n to_o themselves_o that_o since_o they_o and_o divers_a other_o disaffect_a person_n be_v so_o unwilling_a to_o embrace_v the_o commonwealth_n in_o its_o present_a state_n and_o true_a condition_n of_o liberty_n they_o be_v to_o be_v reckon_v the_o only_a causer_n of_o those_o tax_n and_o other_o inconvenience_n now_o lie_v upon_o we_o whereas_o if_o they_o will_v unite_v as_o they_o ought_v our_o burden_n will_v be_v inconsiderable_a because_o the_o royal_a and_o foreign_a confederate_n will_v have_v the_o less_o confidence_n to_o assail_v we_o and_o force_v these_o necessity_n upon_o we_o be_v we_o once_o free_a from_o those_o division_n distraction_n and_o dissatisfaction_n which_o presbyter_n and_o leveller_n occasion_n here_o among_o we_o three_o it_o can_v but_o be_v sad_a to_o consider_v what_o tumult_n and_o combustion_n must_v needs_o happen_v every_o year_n by_o reason_n of_o those_o prodigious_a multitude_n that_o be_v admit_v to_o make_v choice_n of_o the_o person_n to_o be_v entrust_v in_o the_o representative_a and_o though_o there_o be_v one_o clause_n in_o the_o agreement_n which_o seem_v to_o provide_v against_o riot_n at_o every_o choose_n of_o the_o member_n yet_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o devise_v any_o mean_n to_o prevent_v those_o inconvenience_n which_o will_v arise_v in_o a_o self-opinionated_a multitude_n upon_o such_o a_o occasion_n vulgus_fw-la wherein_o they_o all_o conceive_v themselves_o to_o have_v a_o equal_a interest_n and_o power_n and_o touch_v which_o it_o can_v hardly_o be_v expect_v any_o conclusion_n can_v be_v make_v till_o from_o argument_n they_o proceed_v to_o cuff_n and_o so_o in_o the_o end_n the_o club_n carry_v the_o election_n four_o it_o have_v ever_o be_v the_o custom_n in_o these_o mere_a popular_a form_n 20._o for_o the_o most_o part_n to_o make_v choice_n of_o the_o low_a of_o the_o people_n such_o who_o person_n be_v hold_v in_o admiration_n by_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o fellow_n and_o like_a to_o satisfy_v they_o in_o all_o their_o phren'tick_a humour_n a_o lively_a sad_a example_n whereof_o we_o have_v in_o the_o popular_a state_n of_o athens_n where_o they_o choose_v such_o person_n to_o participate_v of_o the_o supreme_a authority_n 3._o as_o will_v countenance_v they_o and_o share_v with_o they_o in_o slay_v or_o condemn_v the_o rich_a sort_n and_o then_o seize_v upon_o their_o possession_n plunder_v their_o house_n and_o many_o more_o such_o fine_a effect_n of_o level_v liberty_n hence_o it_o be_v they_o shift_v and_o change_v their_o governor_n so_o often_o idem_fw-la reject_v at_o every_o new_a election_n such_o as_o they_o have_v find_v averse_a to_o their_o licentious_a way_n as_o enemy_n of_o liberty_n under_o pretence_n of_o put_v better_a in_o their_o place_n that_o be_v such_o as_o indulge_v they_o in_o these_o and_o the_o like_a course_n five_o by_o this_o mean_n unlearned_a ignorant_a person_n neither_o of_o learning_n nor_o fortune_n be_v put_v in_o authority_n the_o commonwealth_n can_v remain_v safe_a either_o in_o peace_n or_o war_n for_o though_o covetousness_n and_o private_a necessity_n they_o will_v exercise_v rapine_n and_o injustice_n in_o time_n of_o peace_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o ignorance_n in_o the_o affair_n of_o government_n the_o state_n must_v needs_o run_v a_o hazard_n in_o time_n of_o war_n or_o any_o other_o public_a extremity_n here_o let_v i_o call_v to_o mind_v a_o passage_n of_o the_o roman_n mention_v by_o aquinas_n *_o 15._o among_o who_o it_o happen_v that_o two_o person_n be_v choose_v by_o the_o consul_n for_o the_o government_n of_o spain_n they_o be_v after_o the_o election_n find_v fault_n with_o the_o one_o be_v very_o poor_a the_o other_o accuse_v of_o be_v covetous_a and_o when_o it_o have_v be_v long_o debate_v which_o of_o they_o shall_v be_v entrust_v at_o length_n scipio_n to_o end_v the_o controversy_n stand_v up_o and_o conclude_v neither_o because_o person_n so_o qualify_v must_v needs_o be_v corrupt_a in_o their_o government_n and_o ever_o suck_v the_o body_n politic_a like_o leech_n wheresoever_o they_o can_v lay_v hold_v yet_o such_o person_n as_o these_o poor_a and_o unexpert_a in_o affair_n if_o they_o be_v busybody_n and_o have_v a_o nimble_a faculty_n of_o prate_v be_v usual_o adore_v by_o the_o vulgar_a as_o the_o only_a statesman_n six_o it_o be_v ordinary_a with_o the_o grand_a demagogue_n or_o leader_n of_o the_o people_n to_o make_v sale_n of_o election_n and_o all_o office_n of_o judicature_n honour_n and_o authority_n and_o upon_o these_o term_n they_o many_o time_n admit_v the_o better_a sort_n into_o place_n of_o power_n and_o turn_v they_o out_o again_o at_o pleasure_n so_o that_o *_o {non-roman}_o as_o plato_n and_o plutarch_n say_v mere_a popularity_n be_v no_o government_n but_o be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o market_n wherein_o all_o office_n of_o government_n be_v expose_v to_o sale_n and_o he_o ordinary_o gain_v the_o best_a bargain_n of_o authority_n that_o have_v the_o long_a purse_n and_o most_o powerful_a tongue_n to_o persuade_v the_o †_o magistratus_fw-la clerk_n of_o the_o market_n plato_n whereby_o it_o be_v to_o be_v suppose_v on_o the_o other_o side_n that_o the_o purchaser_n will_v see_v themselves_o no_o loser_n it_o be_v a_o matter_n of_o course_n that_o such_o as_o buy_v authority_n shall_v sell_v justice_n seven_o disc._n the_o plea_n of_o our_o leveller_n for_o yearly_a representative_n with_o this_o caution_n that_o no_o man_n shall_v be_v choose_v a_o member_n of_o two_o representative_n together_o and_o that_o in_o the_o interval_n we_o may_v be_v govern_v by_o a_o committee_n of_o their_o own_o member_n without_o a_o stand_a council_n of_o state_n be_v very_o irrational_a for_o what_o understanding_n can_v a_o succession_n of_o mean_a and_o new_a elect_a person_n have_v of_o the_o public_a affair_n so_o as_o to_o manage_v they_o with_o skill_n and_o advantage_n in_o so_o short_a a_o time_n see_v it_o be_v use_n and_o experience_n that_o fit_v a_o man_n for_o the_o carriage_n of_o grand_a concernment_n of_o state_n we_o find_v in_o the_o roman_a state_n when_o it_o be_v most_o popular_a that_o the_o multitude_n be_v never_o so_o mad_a as_o to_o cast_v off_o though_o they_o take_v upon_o they_o now_o and_o then_o to_o control_v the_o senate_n which_o be_v their_o stand_a council_n and_o without_o which_o no_o commonwealth_n can_v continue_v of_o any_o long_a stand_n and_o thherefore_o it_o be_v that_o rather_o than_o such_o a_o council_n of_o state_n shall_v be_v want_v *_o sapientiâ_fw-la aristotle_n advise_v we_o to_o intrust_v they_o with_o affair_n altogether_o they_o have_v all_o those_o advantage_n of_o observation_n custom_n and_o experience_n which_o can_v be_v expect_v from_o a_o tumultuary_a succession_n of_o raw_a and_o unexpert_a statist_n 1._o as_o for_o example_n we_o read_v in_o what_o a_o flourish_a condition_n the_o commonwealth_n of_o athens_n continue_v as_o long_o as_o affair_n be_v order_v by_o that_o famous_a council_n 63._o the_o areopagite_n and_o no_o soon_o do_v the_o power_n come_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o people_n but_o afterwards_o all_o turn_v to_o confusion_n it_o be_v much_o to_o be_v wonder_v that_o the_o state_n of_o rome_n stand_v so_o long_o in_o a_o popular_a form_n but_o that_o we_o know_v it_o be_v also_o underprop_v by_o the_o wisdom_n and_o authority_n of_o the_o senate_n and_o have_v many_o eminent_a pillar_n to_o support_v it_o as_o menenius_n agrippa_n furius_n camillus_n papirius_n cursor_n fabius_n maximus_n caâ—o_n censor_n marcus_n scaurus_n and_o pompey_n upon_o who_o virtue_n its_o subsistence_n depend_v and_o not_o upon_o those_o tumultuary_a sot_n the_o many_o thus_o likewise_o the_o popular_a state_n of_o the_o †_o 4_o theban_n subsist_v a_o while_n by_o the_o singular_a wisdom_n and_o valour_n of_o pelopidas_n and_o epaminondas_n who_o be_v no_o soon_o go_v but_o the_o popularity_n sink_v of_o itself_o and_o come_v to_o nothing_o how_o much_o safe_a than_o must_v it_o needs_o be_v for_o the_o people_n of_o this_o nation_n to_o leave_v the_o succession_n of_o representative_n and_o the_o form_n of_o a_o council_n in_o the_o fuâ—ure_n with_o the_o time_n and_o manner_n of_o their_o constitution_n and_o rule_n for_o election_n to_o be_v order_v by_o the_o wisdom_n and_o discretion_n of_o parliament_n than_o after_o the_o humour_n of_o some_o
content_a to_o be_v bear_v to_o live_v and_o pay_v obedience_n to_o acknowledge_v their_o authority_n in_o matter_n of_o tribute_n and_o judicature_n and_o at_o last_o to_o be_v condemn_v injurious_o and_o suffer_v death_n most_o shameful_o under_o a_o tyrannical_a usurp_a government_n much_o more_o he_o have_v to_o the_o same_o purpose_n but_o let_v this_o suffice_v out_o of_o one_o of_o their_o own_o oralces_n to_o show_v that_o if_o the_o present_a power_n be_v usurp_v as_o our_o antagonist_n will_v suppose_v though_o as_o yet_o they_o never_o prove_v it_o yet_o their_o conscience_n can_v be_v secure_a from_o the_o guilt_n of_o that_o treason_n wherein_o they_o must_v needs_o involve_v themselves_o if_o they_o proceed_v in_o their_o pertinacious_a course_n of_o disobedience_n and_o opposition_n argument_n for_o submission_n bring_v out_o of_o mr._n hobbs_n his_o book_n de_fw-la corpore_fw-la politico_fw-la if_o it_o be_v true_a 1._o which_o mr._n hobbs_n say_v that_o the_o cause_n in_o general_n which_o move_v one_o man_n to_o become_v subject_a to_o another_o 6._o be_v the_o fear_n of_o not_o otherwise_o preserve_v himself_o 11._o and_o if_o a_o man_n may_v subject_v himself_o to_o he_o that_o invade_v or_o may_v invade_v for_o fear_v of_o he_o or_o if_o man_n may_v join_v among_o themselves_o to_o subject_v themselves_o to_o such_o as_o they_o shall_v agree_v upon_o for_o fear_n of_o other_o and_o if_o when_o many_o man_n subject_v themselves_o the_o former_a way_n there_o arise_v thence_o a_o body_n politic_a as_o it_o be_v natural_o then_o it_o appear_v that_o since_o there_o be_v no_o other_o possible_a way_n to_o preserve_v the_o well-being_n of_o this_o nation_n but_o by_o a_o submission_n to_o the_o present_a power_n as_o i_o have_v prove_v in_o the_o second_o part_n of_o this_o treatise_n we_o may_v pay_v subjection_n to_o they_o in_o order_n to_o our_o security_n nor_o can_v any_o hold_v a_o plea_n for_o non-submission_n upon_o pretence_n of_o have_v be_v invade_v or_o overmaster_v by_o those_o who_o he_o reckon_v here_o as_o invader_n or_o usurper_n nor_o can_v the_o prevail_a party_n of_o this_o nation_n be_v blame_v in_o any_o wise_a for_o join_v among_o themselves_o to_o subject_v themselves_o to_o such_o as_o be_v now_o in_o authority_n for_o fear_n of_o foreign_a invader_n but_o have_v thus_o subject_v themselves_o they_o be_v natural_o lawful_o and_o complete_o unite_v in_o the_o form_n a_o of_o body_n politic_a or_o commonwealth_n true_o call_v the_o commonwealth_n of_o england_n mr._n hobbs_n say_v further_a 2._o the_o end_n for_o which_o one_o man_n give_v up_o and_o relinquish_v to_o another_o 1._o or_o other_o the_o right_a of_o protect_v or_o defend_v himself_o by_o his_o own_o power_n 5._o be_v the_o security_n which_o he_o expect_v thereby_o of_o protection_n and_o defence_n from_o those_o to_o who_o he_o do_v so_o relinquish_v it_o and_o a_o man_n may_v then_o account_v himself_o in_o the_o state_n of_o security_n when_o he_o can_v foresee_v no_o violence_n to_o be_v do_v unto_o he_o from_o which_o the_o doâ—r_n may_v not_o be_v deter_v by_o the_o power_n of_o that_o sovereign_a or_o supreme_a authority_n that_o be_v set_v over_o they_o and_o without_o that_o security_n there_o be_v no_o reason_n for_o a_o man_n to_o deprive_v himself_o of_o his_o own_o advantage_n and_o make_v himself_o a_o prey_n to_o otherâ—_z how_o far_o therefore_o in_o the_o make_v 〈◊〉_d commonwealth_n man_n subject_v his_o will_n to_o the_o power_n of_o other_o must_v appear_v from_o the_o end_n namely_o security_n â—rom_o whence_o may_v plain_o be_v infer_v that_o since_o no_o security_n for_o life_n limb_n and_o liberty_n which_o be_v the_o end_n of_o all_o government_n can_v now_o be_v have_v here_o by_o relinquish_a our_o right_a of_o self-protection_n and_o give_v it_o up_o to_o any_o other_o power_n beside_o the_o present_a therefore_o it_o be_v very_o unreasonable_a in_o any_o man_n to_o put_v himself_o out_o of_o the_o protection_n of_o this_o power_n by_o oppose_v it_o and_o reserve_v his_o obedience_n to_o the_o k._n of_o scot_n or_o any_o other_o power_n whatsoever_o it_o be_v clear_a that_o neither_o he_o nor_o any_o other_o can_v now_o protect_v we_o by_o afford_v any_o possible_a present_a security_n from_o violence_n and_o injury_n sect._n 8._o 8._o he_o say_v and_o forasmuch_o as_o they_o who_o be_v among_o themselves_o in_o security_n by_o the_o mean_n of_o this_o power_n or_o sword_n of_o justice_n that_o keep_v they_o all_o in_o awe_n be_v nevertheless_o in_o danger_n of_o enemy_n from_o without_o if_o there_o be_v not_o some_o mean_n find_v to_o unite_v their_o strength_n and_o natural_a force_n in_o the_o resistance_n of_o such_o enemy_n their_o peace_n among_o themselves_o be_v but_o vain_a and_o therefore_o it_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v as_o a_o covenant_n of_o every_o member_n to_o contribute_v their_o several_a force_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o whole_a whereby_o to_o make_v one_o power_n as_o sufficient_a as_o be_v possible_a for_o their_o defence_n now_o see_v the_o use_n of_o every_o man_n strength_n be_v transfer_v to_o he_o or_o they_o that_o have_v the_o sword_n of_o justice_n it_o follow_v that_o the_o power_n of_o defence_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o sword_n of_o war_n be_v in_o the_o same_o hand_n wherein_o be_v the_o sword_n of_o justice_n and_o consequent_o those_o two_o sword_n be_v but_o one_o and_o that_o inseparable_o and_o essential_o annex_v to_o the_o supreme_a power_n sect._n 9_o 9_o moreover_o see_v to_o have_v the_o right_a of_o the_o sword_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o to_o have_v the_o use_n thereof_o depend_v only_o on_o the_o judgement_n and_o discretion_n of_o he_o or_o they_o that_o have_v it_o it_o follow_v that_o the_o power_n of_o indenture_n in_o all_o controversy_n wherein_o the_o sword_n of_o justice_n be_v to_o be_v use_v and_o in_o all_o deliberation_n concerning_o war_n wherein_o the_o use_n of_o that_o sword_n be_v require_v the_o right_a of_o resolve_v and_o determine_v what_o be_v to_o be_v do_v belong_v to_o the_o same_o sovereign_n or_o supreme_a power_n sect._n 10._o 10._o far_o consider_v it_o be_v no_o less_o but_o much_o more_o necessary_a to_o prevent_v violence_n and_o rapin_n than_o to_o punish_v the_o same_o when_o it_o be_v commit_v and_o all_o violence_n proceed_v from_o controversy_n that_o arise_v between_o man_n concerning_o meum_fw-la and_o tuum_fw-la right_a and_o wrong_n good_a and_o bad_a and_o the_o like_a which_o man_n use_v every_o one_o to_o measure_n by_o their_o own_o judgement_n it_o belong_v also_o to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o same_o supreme_a power_n to_o set_v forth_o and_o make_v know_v the_o common_a measure_n by_o which_o every_o man_n be_v to_o know_v what_o be_v his_o and_o what_o another_o what_o be_v good_a and_o what_o bad_a and_o what_o he_o ought_v to_o do_v and_o what_o not_o and_o to_o command_v the_o same_o to_o be_v observe_v and_o these_o measure_n of_o the_o action_n of_o the_o subject_n be_v those_o which_o man_n call_v law_n politic_a or_o civil_a the_o make_v whereof_o must_v of_o right_o belong_v to_o he_o that_o have_v the_o power_n of_o the_o sword_n by_o which_o man_n be_v compel_v to_o observe_v they_o for_o otherwise_o they_o shall_v be_v make_v in_o vain_a all_o these_o section_n be_v so_o express_a and_o positive_a to_o our_o purpose_n that_o i_o need_v not_o press_v the_o inference_n for_o submission_n upon_o the_o mean_a understanding_n there_o be_v three_o title_n only_o 2._o by_o which_o one_o man_n may_v have_v right_o and_o dominion_n over_o another_o 3._o the_o first_o be_v hereditary_a and_o take_v place_n upon_o supposition_n of_o child_n beget_v 2._o the_o other_o two_o may_v take_v place_n present_o and_o these_o be_v voluntary_a offer_n of_o subjection_n and_o yield_v by_o compulsion_n likewise_o he_o say_v in_o the_o 2._o chap._n sect._n 15._o a_o man_n be_v release_v of_o his_o former_a subjection_n by_o conquest_n for_o when_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o power_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n or_o kingdom_n be_v overthrow_v he_o be_v discharge_v of_o his_o obligation_n to_o the_o former_a for_o no_o man_n can_v serve_v two_o master_n and_o since_o god_n speak_v not_o in_o these_o day_n to_o any_o man_n by_o his_o private_a interpretation_n of_o the_o scripture_n 2._o nor_o by_o the_o interpretation_n of_o any_o power_n above_o 7._o or_o not_o depend_v on_o the_o supreme_a power_n of_o every_o commonwealth_n 11._o it_o remain_v that_o he_o speak_v by_o his_o vice-god_n or_o lieutenant_n here_o on_o earth_n that_o be_v to_o say_v by_o sovereign_a king_n or_o such_o as_o have_v sovereign_a authority_n as_o well_o as_o they_o 6._o these_o thing_n consider_v 11._o it_o will_v easy_o appear_v that_o under_o the_o sovereign_a power_n of_o a_o