be_v first_o make_v whether_o the_o convocation_n have_v a_o right_a to_o meet_v and_o act_n as_o often_o as_o the_o parliament_n do_v §_o 1._o the_o method_n which_o this_o author_n have_v take_v to_o vindicate_v this_o suppose_a right_n of_o the_o convocation_n censure_v §_o 2._o the_o design_n of_o the_o follow_a treatise_n lay_v out_o §_o 3._o chap._n ii_o the_o first_o general_n point_v propose_v and_o the_o method_n lay_v down_o for_o the_o handle_n of_o it_o in_o pursuance_n whereof_o a_o general_a enquiry_n be_v first_o make_v what_o power_n christian_a prince_n have_v always_o be_v allow_v to_o exercise_v over_o their_o ecclesiastical_a synod_n or_o convocation_n with_o respect_n both_o to_o the_o sit_v of_o they_o to_o the_o manage_n of_o they_o when_o sit_v and_o to_o the_o confirm_v or_o annul_v of_o their_o act_n after_o the_o first_o general_n question_v propose_v and_o the_o method_n lay_v down_o for_o a_o full_a resolution_n of_o it_o §_o 1._o that_o christian_a prince_n have_v authority_n over_o ecclesiastical_a person_n and_o in_o ecclesiastical_a cause_n §_o 2._o and_o that_o particular_o with_o reference_n to_o their_o synod_n and_o convocation_n §_o 3._o which_o 1_n can_v meet_v without_o their_o permission_n or_o against_o their_o consent_n §_o 4._o that_o the_o eight_o first_o general_n council_n be_v all_o call_v by_o the_o emperor_n authority_n §_o 5._o so_o be_v all_o the_o lesser_a synod_n hold_v under_o the_o roman_a emperor_n §_o 6._o the_o gothish_a prince_n in_o the_o empire_n keep_v their_o synod_n to_o the_o same_o rule_n §_o 7._o so_o do_v the_o prince_n of_o the_o several_a kingdom_n which_o rise_v up_o out_o of_o the_o ruin_n of_o it_o of_o spain_n §_o 8._o portugal_n §_o 9_o burgundy_n §_o 10._o germany_n §_o 11._o france_n §_o 12._o the_o bishop_n and_o clergy_n never_o oppose_v this_o or_o make_v any_o complaint_n against_o it_o §_o 13._o 1_o christian_n prince_n have_v often_o call_v such_o council_n by_o their_o own_o authority_n without_o the_o advice_n of_o their_o clergy_n and_o refuse_v to_o do_v it_o when_o the_o bishop_n have_v desire_v it_o §_o 14._o who_o 2_o be_v so_o refuse_v have_v never_o pretend_v to_o meet_v in_o council_n against_o their_o will_n or_o assert_v any_o right_n so_o to_o do_v §_o 15._o 3_o no_o not_o in_o provincial_a council_n for_o which_o they_o seem_v to_o have_v some_o right_n on_o their_o side_n §_o 16._o 4_o that_o the_o prince_n have_v a_o right_a to_o determine_v the_o time_n and_o place_n of_o their_o meeting_n §_o 17._o 5_o and_o may_v direct_v what_o person_n shall_v be_v allow_v to_o come_v to_o they_o §_o 18._o the_o first_o point_n sum_v up_o §_o 19_o ii_o of_o the_o prince_n authority_n over_o ecclesiastical_a synod_n when_o they_o be_v meet_v §_o 20._o 1._o he_o have_v a_o right_a to_o prescribe_v to_o they_o what_o they_o shall_v debate_v about_o §_o 21._o the_o ground_n of_o this_o ibid._n the_o several_a method_n that_o have_v be_v take_v by_o they_o to_o do_v this_o §_o 22._o the_o practice_n of_o the_o church_n in_o confirmation_n hereof_o in_o the_o roman_a empire_n §_o 23._o in_o other_o place_n §_o 24._o 2._o to_o determine_v in_o what_o manner_n and_o order_n they_o shall_v proceed_v in_o their_o debate_n §_o 25._o the_o practice_n of_o the_o roman_a emperor_n in_o confirmation_n hereof_o §_o 26._o 3._o to_o sit_v with_o they_o and_o to_o preside_v over_o they_o so_o the_o emperor_n do_v §_o 27._o and_o so_o do_v the_o prince_n who_o succeed_v they_o in_o their_o several_a state_n §_o 28_o etc._n etc._n how_o far_o the_o prince_n thus_o preside_v may_v act_v synodical_o with_o his_o clergy_n §_o 31._o iii_o of_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o prince_n over_o these_o convention_n after_o they_o have_v end_v what_o be_v to_o be_v do_v by_o they_o §_o 32._o the_o clergy_n can_v regular_o break_v up_o their_o synod_n without_o his_o leave_n §_o 33._o their_o act_n be_v of_o no_o authority_n till_o confirm_v by_o he_o §_o 34._o how_o far_o the_o prince_n be_v at_o liberty_n to_o examine_v their_o determination_n to_o confirm_v annul_v or_o amend_v they_o §_o 35._o what_o power_n he_o have_v over_o their_o judgement_n §_o 36._o what_o over_o their_o constitution_n §_o 37._o the_o whâ—lâ—_n apply_v to_o our_o own_o case_n §_o 38._o chap._n iii_o of_o the_o authority_n which_o our_o own_o king_n have_v over_o their_o convocation_n with_o respect_n both_o to_o their_o meeting_n and_o act_v first_o and_o to_o the_o confirm_v or_o annul_v their_o act_n after_o that_o our_o prince_n ought_v of_o right_a to_o have_v the_o same_o authority_n over_o their_o convocation_n as_o any_o other_o prince_n have_v before_o be_v show_v to_o have_v §_o 1._o i._o that_o the_o convocation_n can_v meet_v without_o the_o king_n be_v write_v to_o empower_v they_o so_o to_o do_v §_o 2._o the_o judge_n opinion_n to_o this_o purpose_n ibid._n the_o parliament_n and_o convocation_n §_o 3._o the_o king_n have_v a_o right_a to_o name_v the_o time_n and_o place_n of_o their_o meeting_n §_o 4._o as_o also_o to_o appoint_v what_o person_n shall_v come_v to_o it_o §_o 5._o be_v summon_v it_o lie_v in_o his_o breast_n whether_o they_o shall_v sit_v or_o no._n §_o 6._o ii_o that_o be_v meet_v they_o have_v no_o power_n to_o act_n but_o by_o the_o king_n permission_n §_o 7._o this_o also_o confirm_v by_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o judge_n agreeable_o to_o the_o act_n of_o the_o 25_o hen._n 8._o and_o far_o prove_v from_o the_o tenor_n of_o the_o convocation-writ_a §_o 8._o the_o form_n of_o which_o be_v the_o same_o now_o that_o ancient_o it_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v §_o 9_o as_o also_o from_o the_o commission_n wont_a to_o be_v send_v to_o they_o for_o that_o purpose_n §_o 10._o several_a instance_n of_o which_o be_v offer_v §_o 11._o from_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o convocation_n in_o the_o 1._o edw._n vi_o §_o 12._o of_o the_o power_n of_o our_o king_n to_o sit_v with_o or_o to_o send_v commissioner_n to_o their_o convocation_n §_o 13._o whether_o the_o convocation_n as_o a_o court_n may_v proceed_v to_o judge_v any_o cause_n without_o the_o king_n licence_n §_o 14._o the_o convocation_n do_v ancient_o judge_v of_o heresy_n §_o 15._o how_o it_o judge_v §_o 16._o it_o be_v most_o probable_a that_o it_o can_v judge_v any_o person_n without_o the_o king_n leave_n §_o 17._o it_o be_v certain_a the_o king_n may_v in_o a_o particular_a case_n prohibit_v they_o so_o to_o do_v §_o 18._o and_o suspend_v or_o annul_v their_o sentence_n ib._n iii_o of_o the_o authority_n which_o our_o king_n have_v over_o their_o convocation_n after_o they_o have_v do_v what_o they_o be_v call_v for_o they_o can_v break_v up_o without_o the_o king_n licence_n §_o 19_o his_o authority_n requisite_a to_o confirm_v their_o acts._n §_o 20._o how_o far_o and_o in_o what_o case_n he_o be_v empower_v to_o confirm_v they_o ibid._n the_o king_n have_v power_n not_o only_o to_o review_n their_o act_n himself_o but_o to_o submit_v they_o to_o the_o judgement_n of_o his_o council_n §_o 21._o the_o practice_n of_o this_o prove_v to_o §_o 24._o whether_o he_o may_v alter_v and_o correct_v their_o definition_n ibid._n from_o the_o whole_a a_o answer_n be_v distinct_o give_v to_o the_o first_o question_n propose_v §_o 25._o chap._n iu._n in_o which_o the_o state_n of_o the_o convocation_n be_v historical_o deduce_v from_o the_o first_o conversion_n of_o the_o saxon_n to_o our_o own_o time_n the_o occasion_n of_o this_o enquiry_n and_o the_o method_n propose_v to_o be_v observe_v in_o it_o §_o 1._o 1._o period_n how_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o church_n be_v transact_v from_o the_o first_o conversion_n of_o the_o saxon_n to_o the_o time_n of_o the_o norman_a conquest_n the_o clergy_n summon_v to_o convocation_n after_o two_o very_a different_a manner_n by_o the_o parliament_n write_v §_o 2._o by_o the_o provincial_a writ_n §_o 3._o the_o foundation_n of_o this_o lay_v in_o these_o first_o time_n wherein_o the_o clergy_n be_v member_n of_o the_o civil_a council_n as_o well_o as_o of_o ecclesiastical_a synod_n §_o 4._o of_o the_o nature_n of_o our_o great_a council_n in_o these_o time_n and_o how_o ecclesiastical_a affair_n be_v transact_v in_o they_o §_o 5._o show_v from_o the_o like_a council_n in_o france_n under_o pepin_n §_o 6._o under_o charles_n the_o emperor_n §_o 7._o their_o manner_n of_o debate_v §_o 8._o their_o polity_n clear_v §_o 9_o the_o nature_n of_o our_o own_o great_a council_n state_v upon_o this_o foundation_n §_o 10_o 11_o 12_o of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a synod_n of_o these_o time_n of_o what_o person_n they_o consist_v by_o what_o authority_n they_o be_v hold_v §_o 13._o a_o particular_a view_n take_v of_o the_o principal_a
of_o a_o priestly_a mind_n you_o have_v command_v your_o priest_n to_o be_v gather_v together_o into_o one_o place_n to_o treat_v of_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v necessary_a we_o have_v according_a to_o the_o purpose_n of_o your_o will_n and_o the_o head_n which_o you_o give_v to_o we_o answer_v in_o our_o definition_n as_o to_o we_o seem_v good_a so_o that_o if_o those_o thing_n which_o we_o have_v establish_v be_v also_o approve_v of_o as_o right_o by_o your_o judgement_n the_o consent_n of_o so_o great_a a_o king_n and_o lord_n may_v confirm_v the_o sentence_n of_o the_o priest_n to_o be_v observe_v with_o the_o great_a authority_n and_o thus_o have_v i_o do_v with_o the_o first_o 38._o thing_n which_o i_o propose_v to_o consider_v i_o have_v show_v what_o authority_n the_o christian_a prince_n have_v always_o be_v account_v to_o have_v over_o ecclesiastical_a synod_n with_o respect_n to_o the_o assemble_v of_o they_o to_o their_o proceed_n whilst_o they_o be_v sit_v and_o to_o the_o confirm_v or_o annul_v their_o decree_n afterward_o i_o shall_v make_v only_o a_o observation_n or_o two_o upon_o the_o whole_a with_o respect_n to_o our_o present_a purpose_n and_o so_o conclude_v this_o chapter_n and_o one_a i_o must_v take_v notice_n that_o whatever_o privilege_n i_o have_v here_o show_v to_o belong_v to_o the_o christian_a magistrate_n they_o belong_v to_o he_o as_o such_o they_o be_v not_o derive_v from_o any_o positive_a law_n and_o constitution_n but_o result_n from_o that_o power_n which_o every_o such_o prince_n have_v original_o in_o himself_o and_o be_v to_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o part_v of_o those_o right_n which_o natural_o belong_v to_o sovereign_a authority_n hence_o we_o find_v that_o all_o prince_n in_o all_o wountry_n how_o different_a soever_o they_o have_v be_v in_o other_o respect_n have_v yet_o evermore_o claim_v a_o equal_a authority_n in_o these_o matter_n and_o the_o little_a king_n of_o suevia_n and_o burgundy_n account_v themselves_o to_o have_v as_o good_a a_o title_n to_o they_o as_o the_o roman_a emperor_n in_o their_o most_o flourish_a estate_n have_v which_o be_v so_o it_o will_v follow_v two_o that_o every_o sovereign_a prince_n have_v a_o right_a to_o exercise_n this_o authority_n within_o his_o dominion_n and_o that_o to_o prove_v this_o right_n it_o be_v sufficient_a to_o show_v that_o he_o be_v a_o sovereign_a prince_n and_o therefore_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v deny_v any_o of_o those_o prerogative_n which_o belong_v to_o such_o a_o prince_n among_o which_o this_o authority_n be_v one._n it_o be_v true_a such_o prince_n may_v by_o their_o own_o act_n limit_v themselves_o as_o they_o think_v fit_v and_o these_o limitation_n may_v give_v such_o assembly_n a_o privilege_n in_o one_o country_n beyond_o what_o they_o have_v in_o another_o but_o then_o these_o limitation_n must_v be_v plain_o prove_v to_o have_v be_v make_v in_o their_o favour_n and_o till_o they_o be_v so_o the_o prince_n must_v be_v account_v to_o have_v a_o right_n to_o that_o power_n which_o as_o a_o prince_n belong_v he_o and_o be_v not_o yet_o prove_v to_o have_v be_v give_v away_o by_o he_o and_o therefore_o 3_o whereas_o it_o be_v now_o to_o be_v inquire_v what_o the_o authority_n of_o our_o king_n be_v over_o our_o convocation_n we_o have_v thus_o far_o procee_v towards_o the_o discovery_n of_o it_o that_o we_o have_v show_v what_o power_n they_o have_v original_o over_o they_o and_o as_o christian_a prince_n ought_v still_o to_o enjoy_v and_o those_o who_o will_v restrain_v they_o with_o narrow_a bound_n must_v first_o show_v how_o they_o come_v to_o lose_v that_o power_n which_o they_o will_v take_v from_o they_o and_o which_o till_o this_o shall_v be_v clear_v they_o must_v be_v presume_v still_o to_o have_v a_o right_n to_o chap._n iii_o of_o the_o authority_n which_o our_o own_o king_n have_v over_o their_o convocation_n with_o respect_n both_o to_o their_o meeting_n and_o act_v first_o and_o to_o the_o confirm_v or_o annul_v of_o their_o act_n after_o we_o have_v now_o see_v what_o authority_n 22._o all_o other_o christian_a prince_n have_v claim_v and_o exercise_v over_o their_o clergy_n from_o the_o first_o conversion_n of_o the_o empire_n to_o christianity_n till_o the_o prevalence_n of_o the_o papal_a power_n begin_v to_o deprive_v they_o of_o that_o supremacy_n which_o of_o right_a belong_v to_o them_o let_v we_o go_v on_o upon_o this_o foundation_n to_o inquire_v ii_o whether_o our_o own_o king_n have_v not_o as_o great_a a_o authority_n over_o their_o convocation_n as_o any_o other_o prince_n have_v ever_o pretend_v to_o over_o their_o council_n that_o this_o of_o right_a they_o ought_v to_o have_v i_o have_v before_o observe_v the_o only_a question_n be_v whether_o our_o own_o particular_a constitution_n have_v interpose_v to_o deprive_v they_o of_o that_o authority_n which_o we_o have_v already_o show_v do_v original_o belong_v to_o them_o and_o here_o i_o may_v just_o leave_v it_o to_o those_o who_o advance_v such_o pretence_n to_o produce_v their_o proof_n and_o show_v we_o upon_o what_o ground_n they_o do_v it_o and_o account_v the_o right_n of_o our_o king_n to_o this_o authority_n to_o have_v be_v sufficient_o establish_v in_o that_o common_a claim_n which_o i_o have_v already_o prove_v all_o christian_a prince_n as_o such_o have_v ever_o make_v to_o the_o exercise_n of_o of_o it_o but_o that_o nothing_o may_v be_v want_v to_o the_o clear_n of_o this_o matter_n beyond_o all_o reasonable_a exception_n i_o shall_v to_o the_o general_n argument_n i_o have_v before_o make_v use_n of_o add_v those_o particular_a confirmation_n which_o our_o own_o law_n and_o custom_n afford_v we_o of_o this_o truth_n and_o show_v that_o by_o our_o own_o constitution_n the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v all_o that_o power_n at_o this_o day_n over_o our_o convocation_n that_o ever_o any_o christian_a prince_n have_v over_o his_o synod_n one_a then_o if_o we_o consider_v his_o authority_n as_o to_o the_o first_o thing_n beforementioned_a viz._n of_o call_v together_o of_o the_o clergy_n in_o convocation_n we_o be_v tell_v by_o one_o of_o the_o most_o eminent_a professor_n of_o our_o law_n that_o it_o be_v among_o other_o point_n resolve_v by_o the_o two_o chief_a justice_n and_o other_o judge_n at_o a_o committee_n of_o lord_n in_o parliament_n trin._n 8._o jac._n 1._o that_o a_o convocation_n can_v assemble_v at_o their_o onvocation_n without_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o king_n and_o one_o will_v think_v such_o person_n shall_v not_o only_o be_v very_o well_o qualify_v to_o know_v what_o our_o law_n be_v but_o shall_v also_o be_v very_o careful_a especial_o at_o such_o a_o time_n and_o in_o such_o a_o place_n not_o to_o deliver_v any_o thing_n for_o law_n which_o they_o be_v not_o very_o well_o assure_v be_v so_o but_o because_o some_o have_v except_v against_o the_o authority_n of_o this_o report_n as_o a_o piece_n that_o be_v publish_v after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o author_n and_o in_o suspect_v time_n though_o i_o can_v see_v what_o interest_n any_o one_o shall_v have_v to_o falsify_v his_o relation_n in_o the_o instance_n before_o we_o we_o will_v take_v his_o opinion_n from_o a_o book_n which_o we_o be_v sure_o be_v authentic_a and_o lie_v open_a to_o no_o exception_n 4._o instit._fw-la pag._n 322._o where_o treat_v express_o about_o the_o court_n of_o convocation_n he_o affirm_v that_o the_o clergy_n be_v never_o assemble_v or_o call_v together_o at_o a_o convocation_n but_o by_o the_o king_n be_v write_v and_o in_o which_o though_o i_o be_o sensible_a he_o have_v speak_v a_o little_a too_o general_o as_o to_o matter_n of_o fact_n yet_o in_o point_n of_o law_n and_o in_o which_o only_o i_o make_v use_n of_o his_o authority_n i_o can_v but_o look_v upon_o he_o to_o have_v be_v absolute_o in_o the_o right_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o clergy_n not_o only_o now_o can_v but_o never_o can_v be_v lawful_o call_v together_o in_o convocation_n but_o by_o the_o king_n be_v â—rit_v or_o with_o his_o consent_n and_o in_o assirm_v this_o i_o say_v no_o more_o than_o what_o be_v the_o joint_a opinion_n of_o the_o whole_a representative_a body_n of_o the_o nation_n as_o well_o of_o the_o clergy_n in_o their_o convocation_n as_o of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o realm_n in_o parliament_n 25_o hen._n 8._o and_o from_o whence_o if_o from_o any_o authority_n we_o may_v certain_o the_o best_a take_v our_o measure_n to_o judge_v whether_o a_o thing_n do_v of_o right_a belong_v to_o the_o king_n and_o be_v a_o part_n of_o his_o royal_a prerogative_n or_o no._n for_o one_a as_o for_o the_o clergy_n we_o be_v tell_v in_o the_o preamble_n to_o the_o act_n of_o the_o 25_o hen._n 8._o chap._n 19_o that_o the_o clergy_n of_o this_o realm_n of_o england_n have_v acknowlege_v
that_o the_o convocation_n of_o the_o same_o clergy_n be_v always_o have_v be_v and_o aught_o to_o be_v assemble_v only_o by_o the_o king_n be_v write_v and_o two_o as_o for_o the_o laity_n the_o parliament_n in_o the_o same_o act_n not_o only_o concur_v in_o the_o same_o opinion_n with_o they_o in_o the_o preamble_n beforementioned_a that_o this_o their_o acknowledgement_n be_v according_a to_o the_o truth_n but_o in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o act_n itself_o have_v provide_v thereupon_o that_o from_o thenceforth_o they_o never_o shall_v meet_v in_o convocation_n without_o the_o king_n leave_n to_o empower_v they_o so_o to_o do_v be_v it_o enact_v say_v they_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o this_o present_a parliament_n according_a to_o the_o say_a submission_n and_o petition_v of_o the_o say_a clergy_n that_o they_o ne_o any_o of_o they_o from_o henceforth_o shall_v presume_v to_o attempt_v etc._n etc._n nor_o shall_v enact_v &c_n &c_n in_o their_o convocation_n in_o time_n come_v which_o always_o shall_v be_v assemble_v by_o authority_n of_o the_o king_n be_v write_v and_o from_o all_o which_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o in_o the_o opinion_n both_o of_o that_o parliament_n and_o of_o that_o convocation_n the_o king_n not_o only_o aught_o to_o have_v and_o by_o law_n now_o have_v the_o sole_a authority_n of_o call_v the_o clergy_n together_o in_o convocation_n but_o that_o this_o be_v such_o a_o power_n as_o do_v always_o of_o right_o belong_v to_o he_o and_o that_o no_o convocation_n ever_o can_v be_v lawful_o assemble_v without_o his_o permission_n or_o against_o he_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o not_o only_o our_o present_a convocation_n be_v all_o summon_v by_o the_o king_n be_v write_v direct_v to_o the_o archbishop_n of_o each_o province_n for_o that_o purpose_n but_o if_o we_o look_v back_o to_o the_o time_n precede_v this_o statute_n we_o shall_v find_v the_o same_o to_o have_v be_v the_o ancient_a manner_n of_o summon_v of_o them_o and_o though_o in_o a_o matter_n of_o this_o nature_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v expect_v we_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o produce_v the_o very_a copy_n of_o the_o writ_n by_o which_o our_o convocation_n be_v call_v from_o the_o beginning_n yet_o i_o shall_v hereafter_o plain_o prove_v that_o from_o the_o beginning_n they_o do_v meet_v by_o the_o king_n command_n and_o we_o have_v the_o very_a writ_n of_o summons_n as_o far_o back_o as_o the_o 9_o edw._n 2_o that_o be_v to_o say_v for_o above_o 200_o year_n before_o this_o acknowledgement_n of_o the_o clergy_n and_o act_n of_o parliament_n be_v make_v such_o right_n have_v our_o king_n to_o call_v their_o convocation_n nor_o be_v their_o authority_n 4._o any_o less_o in_o all_o those_o circumstance_n which_o i_o have_v show_v be_v wont_a to_o accompany_v their_o call_v them_o if_o we_o consider_v the_o time_n and_o place_n of_o their_o meeting_n they_o be_v express_o limit_v in_o the_o writ_n by_o which_o they_o be_v summon_v and_o though_o custom_n have_v of_o late_a so_o far_o prevail_v that_o the_o convocation_n have_v general_o meet_v at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o the_o parliament_n have_v do_v and_o at_o st._n paul_n church_n or_o chapter_n house_n in_o london_n yet_o have_v not_o our_o king_n ever_o be_v so_o far_o confine_v in_o either_o of_o these_o particular_n as_o not_o to_o have_v it_o still_o in_o their_o power_n to_o call_v the_o convocation_n at_o any_o other_o time_n or_o to_o any_o other_o place_n which_o they_o shall_v think_v sit_v in_o that_o ancient_a summons_n i_o before_o mention_v perhaps_o the_o most_o ancient_a of_o any_o we_o have_v now_o remain_v of_o the_o 9th_o of_o edw._n ii_o the_o convocation_n be_v call_v to_o meet_v febr._n 9_o but_o the_o parliament_n sit_v october_n 16._o forego_v and_o in_o the_o writ_n of_o these_o latter_a time_n though_o the_o convocation_n be_v call_v and_o its_o session_n confine_v to_o that_o of_o the_o parliament_n yet_o still_o if_o the_o king_n please_v he_o may_v continue_v the_o 80._o sit_v of_o the_o one_o after_o the_o other_o be_v prorogue_v or_o even_o dissolve_v and_o for_o the_o place_n it_o be_v sometime_o determine_v to_o be_v append._n st._n paul_n london_n but_o for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v leave_v with_o a_o great_a latitude_n to_o be_v hold_v at_o any_o other_o place_n which_o the_o archbishop_n shall_v judge_v to_o be_v more_o convenient_a for_o it_o and_o the_o same_o be_v the_o case_n as_o to_o the_o 5._o person_n who_o be_v to_o come_v to_o the_o convocation_n and_o the_o choice_n of_o who_o as_o it_o be_v still_o determine_v by_o the_o king_n be_v write_v so_o must_v it_o be_v allow_v to_o have_v original_o depend_v upon_o it_o for_o have_v first_o declare_v in_o general_n the_o reason_n wherefore_o he_o have_v resolve_v to_o call_v his_o clergy_n together_o he_o next_o go_v on_o to_o specify_v in_o particular_a who_o he_o require_v the_o archbishop_n to_o summon_v to_o the_o convocation_n that_o he_o shall_v order_n first_o the_o bishop_n of_o his_o province_n with_o the_o dean_n and_o archdeacon_n to_o come_v in_o append_v person_n and_o second_o the_o chapter_n and_o archdeaconries_n to_o send_v their_o several_a proxy_n to_o represent_v they_o the_o chapter_n one_o of_o their_o body_n and_o every_o archdeaconry_n two_o to_o be_v choose_v by_o they_o for_o that_o purpose_n i_o shall_v not_o need_v to_o inquire_v how_o this_o come_v to_o be_v the_o settle_a number_n that_o be_v to_o make_v up_o our_o provincial_a synod_n or_o convocation_n whether_o this_o manner_n of_o choice_n be_v derive_v from_o the_o ancient_a manner_n of_o hold_v convocation_n into_o the_o parliamentary_a writ_n or_o from_o the_o parliamentary_a writ_n of_o king_n edward_n i._o into_o the_o summons_n of_o convocation_n which_o from_o thenceforth_o usual_o meet_v together_o with_o the_o parliament_n howsoever_o this_o be_v thus_o much_o be_v evident_a that_o since_o the_o power_n of_o assemble_v the_o clergy_n in_o such_o convocation_n be_v seat_v original_o in_o the_o king_n so_o that_o they_o have_v no_o authority_n to_o come_v together_o but_o what_o he_o give_v they_o it_o must_v follow_v that_o neither_o can_v any_o other_o person_n have_v a_o just_a right_o to_o come_v to_o these_o assembly_n than_o such_o only_a as_o be_v commission_v by_o he_o or_o be_v choose_v by_o such_o rule_n as_o he_o have_v preseribe_v for_o the_o choice_n of_o those_o who_o he_o allow_v to_o be_v send_v to_o they_o it_o remain_v then_o that_o not_o only_o the_o cal_n 6._o of_o our_o convocation_n but_o the_o determination_n of_o the_o time_n and_o place_n of_o their_o sit_v of_o the_o person_n who_o be_v themselves_o to_o come_v to_o they_o and_o of_o the_o manner_n of_o choose_v representative_n for_o those_o who_o be_v not_o all_o depend_v upon_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o be_v original_o derive_v from_o thence_o and_o so_o last_o do_v their_o very_a sit_v too_o for_o however_o custom_n which_o in_o time_n become_v a_o kind_n of_o law_n have_v in_o this_o as_o well_o as_o in_o some_o of_o the_o forego_n circumstance_n so_o far_o prevail_v that_o when_o soever_o a_o parliament_n be_v hold_v a_o convocation_n be_v call_v together_o with_o it_o yet_o be_v this_o rather_o a_o matter_n of_o form_n than_o any_o effectual_a summons_n and_o the_o king_n still_o keep_v his_o ancient_a power_n to_o all_o intent_n and_o purpose_n in_o his_o own_o hand_n and_o suffer_v they_o not_o either_o to_o sit_v or_o act_n but_o when_o and_o as_o often_o as_o he_o think_v fit_a so_o to_o do_v nor_o be_v this_o to_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o any_o encroachment_n upon_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o clergy_n but_o as_o the_o assertion_n of_o a_o power_n which_o always_o do_v and_o of_o right_a aught_o to_o belong_v to_o the_o prince_n for_o though_o it_o have_v now_o for_o some_o age_n be_v the_o custom_n to_o convene_v the_o clergy_n as_o often_o as_o the_o parliament_n meet_v yet_o as_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o when_o this_o custom_n first_o begin_v they_o meet_v not_o so_o much_o as_o a_o ecclesiastical_a synod_n as_o a_o part_n of_o the_o parliament_n of_o the_o realm_n so_o all_o the_o use_v that_o be_v general_o make_v of_o they_o be_v to_o concur_v with_o the_o other_o estate_n in_o grant_v of_o money_n to_o the_o king_n which_o have_v do_v they_o be_v common_o dismiss_v without_o enter_v upon_o any_o other_o business_n the_o convocation_n then_o though_o it_o consist_v of_o ecclesiastical_a person_n be_v yet_o assemble_v for_o a_o civil_a end_n and_o seem_v rather_o to_o have_v be_v a_o state_n convention_n than_o a_o church_n synod_n and_o however_o the_o king_n usual_o add_v a_o conciliary_a summons_n to_o his_o parliamentary_a writ_n and_o thereby_o not_o only_o assemble_v the_o proctor_n of_o the_o clergy_n under_o another_o
that_o if_o a_o canon-law_n be_v against_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n the_o bishop_n ought_v to_o obey_v the_o commandment_n of_o the_o king_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n now_o these_o two_o thing_n be_v suppose_v 21._o and_o in_o which_o the_o law_n at_o the_o present_a can_v be_v doubt_v to_o be_v very_o clear_a that_o no_o act_n of_o convocation_n can_v be_v put_v in_o execution_n or_o be_v promulge_v in_o order_n to_o a_o public_a observance_n without_o the_o king_n licence_n and_o that_o the_o king_n licence_n can_v give_v the_o convocation_n any_o authority_n to_o promulge_v or_o execute_v any_o canon_n but_o what_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o realm_n it_o must_v of_o necessity_n follow_v one_a that_o the_o king_n have_v not_o only_o a_o right_n to_o review_n the_o act_n of_o every_o such_o convocation_n but_o aught_o moreover_o to_o submit_v they_o to_o the_o examination_n of_o his_o learned_a council_n in_o the_o law_n that_o so_o he_o may_v the_o more_o secure_o be_v able_a to_o judge_v whether_o they_o be_v consistent_a with_o the_o law_n of_o his_o realm_n and_o by_o consequence_n capable_a of_o receive_v any_o enforcement_n from_o he_o forasmuch_o as_o it_o will_v be_v not_o only_o too_o rash_a and_o unseemly_a but_o even_o a_o vain_a thing_n for_o the_o king_n to_o expose_v his_o prerogative_n by_o undertake_v to_o give_v authority_n to_o that_o which_o by_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o law_n already_o establish_v have_v such_o a_o natural_a defect_n in_o its_o original_a constitution_n as_o will_v not_o suffer_v it_o to_o be_v capable_a of_o any_o two_o that_o notwithstanding_o the_o resolution_n of_o the_o clergy_n in_o their_o convocation_n yet_o still_o the_o king_n be_v to_o remain_v the_o last_o judge_n not_o only_o of_o the_o lawfulness_n but_o of_o the_o expediency_n too_o of_o their_o constitution_n and_o have_v authority_n either_o to_o ratify_v or_o reject_v they_o as_o he_o with_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o council_n shall_v think_v they_o either_o useful_a or_o otherwise_o to_o the_o church_n when_o his_o majesty_n give_v liberty_n to_o our_o last_o convocation_n to_o consider_v of_o the_o several_a point_n which_o in_o his_o commission_n he_o propose_v to_o they_o and_o permit_v they_o to_o draw_v into_o form_n rule_n order_n ordinance_n constitution_n and_o canon_n such_o matter_n as_o to_o they_o shall_v seem_v necessary_a and_o expedient_a for_o the_o purpose_n which_o he_o have_v before_o propose_v to_o they_o and_o the_o same_o be_v set_v down_o in_o write_v from_o time_n to_o time_n to_o exhibit_v and_o deliver_v or_o to_o cause_n to_o be_v exhibit_v and_o deliver_v to_o he_o he_o thus_o go_v on_o to_o declare_v what_o be_v to_o be_v do_v after_o such_o their_o resolution_n shall_v be_v deliver_v in_o by_o they_o to_o the_o end_n that_o we_o as_o occasion_n shall_v require_v may_v thereupon_o have_v the_o advice_n of_o our_o parliament_n and_o that_o such_o and_o so_o many_o of_o the_o say_a canon_n order_n ordinance_n and_o constitution_n matter_n cause_n and_o thing_n as_o shall_v be_v think_v requisite_a and_o convenient_a by_o our_o say_a parliament_n may_v be_v present_v to_o we_o in_o due_a form_n for_o our_o royal_a assent_n if_o upon_o mature_a consideration_n thereof_o we_o shall_v think_v sit_v to_o enact_v the_o same_o and_o from_o whence_o it_o appear_v to_o have_v be_v his_o majesty_n intention_n have_v that_o convocation_n proceed_v to_o any_o resolution_n to_o have_v submit_v the_o examination_n of_o their_o act_n not_o only_o to_o his_o parliament_n but_o that_o be_v do_v to_o have_v reserve_v the_o final_a judgement_n of_o they_o to_o his_o own_o consideration_n and_o we_o can_v doubt_v but_o that_o it_o be_v upon_o the_o best_a advice_n of_o his_o learned_a council_n in_o the_o law_n that_o he_o so_o intend_v but_o more_o full_a and_o express_a to_o this_o purpose_n 22._o be_v the_o commission_n of_o king_n charles_n the_o first_o to_o the_o convocation_n of_o 1640_o before_o mention_v wherein_o have_v grant_v the_o same_o liberty_n we_o here_o meet_v with_o to_o his_o clergy_n to_o set_v down_o in_o write_v and_o to_o exhibit_v or_o cause_v to_o be_v exhibit_v to_o he_o all_n and_o every_o the_o say_a canon_n order_n ordinance_n and_o constitution_n matter_n cause_n and_o thing_n to_o be_v by_o they_o from_o time_n to_o time_n confer_v treat_v debate_v consider_v consult_v and_o agree_v upon_o he_o add_v to_o the_o end_n that_o we_o upon_o mature_a consideration_n by_o we_o to_o be_v take_v thereupon_o may_v allow_v approve_v confirm_v and_o ratify_v or_o otherwise_o disallow_a annihilate_v and_o make_v void_a such_o and_o so_o many_o of_o the_o say_a canon_n order_n ordinance_n and_o constitution_n matter_n cause_n and_o thing_n or_o any_o of_o they_o so_o to_o be_v by_o force_n of_o these_o present_v consider_v consult_v and_o agree_v upon_o as_o we_o shall_v think_v fit_a requisite_a and_o convenient_a but_o this_o be_v not_o yet_o all_o in_o the_o close_a of_o his_o commission_n he_o again_o reserve_v to_o himself_o the_o same_o power_n in_o these_o remarkable_a word_n provide_v always_o and_o our_o express_a will_n pleasure_n and_o commandment_n be_v that_o the_o say_a canon_n order_n ordinance_n and_o constitution_n matter_n cause_n and_o thing_n or_o any_o of_o they_o so_o to_o be_v by_o force_n of_o these_o present_n consider_v consult_v or_o agree_v upon_o shall_v not_o be_v of_o any_o force_n effect_v or_o validity_n in_o the_o law_n but_o only_o such_o and_o so_o many_o of_o they_o and_o after_o such_o time_n as_o we_o by_o our_o letter_n patent_n under_o our_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n shall_v allow_v approve_v and_o confirm_v the_o same_o these_o be_v the_o limitation_n under_o which_o that_o convocation_n act_v and_o from_o which_o these_o three_z conclusion_n will_v unavoidable_o follow_v one_a that_o the_o king_n by_o grant_v the_o convocation_n license_v to_o consider_v and_o draw_v up_o any_o canon_n order_n or_o constitution_n or_o to_o determine_v any_o matter_n or_o cause_n do_v not_o give_v they_o any_o final_a decisive_a power_n of_o conclude_v those_o affair_n but_o empower_n they_o only_o to_o deliver_v their_o judgement_n to_o he_o which_o he_o may_v either_o approve_v or_o reject_v as_o he_o shall_v afterward_o see_v cause_n to_o do_v 2_o that_o in_o determine_v concern_v their_o resolution_n he_o be_v not_o oblige_v either_o to_o approve_v and_o confirm_v or_o else_o to_o reject_v and_o annihilate_v all_o that_o they_o have_v do_v but_o may_v judge_v distinct_o of_o every_o particular_a point_n or_o matter_n debate_v by_o they_o and_o several_o pass_v his_o judgement_n upon_o they_o may_v give_v force_n and_o authority_n to_o some_o thing_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n make_v void_a and_o disallow_v of_o other_o and_o this_o three_o not_o only_o upon_o his_o own_o private_a judgement_n or_o upon_o the_o advice_n of_o any_o select_a person_n of_o his_o clergy_n though_o it_o be_v a_o matter_n ecclesiastical_a but_o with_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o council_n who_o by_o his_o command_n be_v also_o empower_v to_o judge_v of_o what_o the_o convocation_n have_v do_v and_o who_o opinion_n if_o he_o approve_v of_o it_o he_o may_v prefer_v to_o that_o of_o his_o clergy_n but_o we_o will_v go_v on_o with_o the_o history_n of_o this_o convocation_n and_o see_v how_o these_o several_a conclusion_n may_v be_v yet_o far_o clear_v and_o confirm_v by_o it_o when_o by_o virtue_n of_o this_o commission_n the_o convocation_n have_v draw_v up_o such_o canon_n and_o agree_v upon_o such_o order_n as_o to_o they_o seem_v most_o proper_a to_o answer_v the_o end_v propose_v by_o the_o king_n to_o they_o we_o be_v tell_v by_o his_o majesty_n in_o his_o declaration_n of_o june_n 30_o follow_v that_o according_a to_o his_o direction_n they_o have_v offer_v and_o present_v the_o same_o to_o he_o desire_v he_o to_o give_v his_o royal_a assent_n to_o what_o they_o have_v do_v now_o as_o hereby_o they_o plain_o acknowledge_v his_o majesty_n to_o have_v all_o that_o authority_n as_o to_o this_o matter_n which_o in_o his_o commission_n he_o have_v pretend_v to_o so_o we_o find_v the_o king_n still_o proceed_v according_a to_o the_o same_o measure_n he_o have_v first_o lay_v down_o to_o the_o ratification_n of_o what_o they_o present_v to_o he_o for_o thus_o the_o declaration_n go_v on_o we_o have_v diligent_o with_o great_a content_a and_o comfort_n read_v and_o consider_v all_o the_o say_a order_n ordinance_n and_o constitution_n agree_v upon_o as_o be_v before_o express_v and_o find_v the_o same_o such_o as_o we_o be_v persuade_v will_v be_v very_o profitable_a not_o only_o to_o our_o clergy_n but_o to_o the_o whole_a church_n of_o this_o our_o kingdom_n and_o to_o all_o the_o true_a member_n
london_n under_o edred_n an._n 948_o of_o brandenford_n an._n 959_o of_o london_n under_o edgar_n an._n 970_o of_o winchester_n and_o calne_n under_o dunstan_n archbishop_n of_o cant._n of_o aenham_n an._n 1009_o and_o of_o westminster_n an._n 1066._o it_o be_v sufficient_o evident_a from_o the_o instance_n i_o have_v already_o give_v that_o whatsoever_o the_o synod_n or_o council_n be_v in_o which_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o church_n be_v transact_v they_o depend_v entire_o upon_o the_o prince_n authority_n who_o for_o the_o most_o part_n determine_v what_o be_v needful_a concern_v they_o in_o the_o great_a council_n of_o their_o realm_n and_o when_o they_o do_v not_o â—et_z still_o keep_v the_o management_n even_o of_o their_o ecclesiastical_a convocation_n in_o their_o own_o hand_n and_o suffer_v they_o not_o either_o to_o meet_v act_n or_o establish_v any_o thing_n but_o according_a to_o their_o good_a pleasure_n two_o period_n from_o the_o come_v in_o of_o william_n the_o first_o to_o the_o 23d_o of_o edward_n the_o first_o hitherto_o our_o prince_n maintain_v their_o 21._o right_n and_o assert_v that_o authority_n which_o their_o royal_a sovereignty_n give_v they_o over_o their_o clergy_n but_o now_o the_o papal_a power_n begin_v to_o show_v its_o self_n and_o to_o usurp_v upon_o their_o prerogative_n and_o among_o other_o instance_n in_o which_o it_o do_v so_o this_o before_o we_o be_v not_o the_o least_o till_o at_o last_o it_o grow_v up_o to_o that_o monstrous_a pitch_n in_o which_o we_o shall_v find_v it_o about_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o this_o period_n when_o the_o king_n be_v become_v of_o little_a value_n to_o his_o synod_n which_o be_v whole_o subject_a to_o the_o pope_n direction_n and_o depend_v upon_o the_o will_v either_o of_o his_o extraordinary_a legate_n or_o of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n to_o who_o see_v a_o kind_n of_o perpetual_a legantine_n power_n and_o authority_n be_v in_o the_o end_n annex_v by_o he_o i_o shall_v depart_v too_o much_o from_o my_o present_a subject_n shall_v i_o look_v abroad_o and_o consider_v by_o what_o step_v these_o encroachment_n be_v carry_v on_o to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o civil_a power_n and_o against_o which_o no_o prince_n either_o assert_v their_o authority_n with_o great_a vigour_n or_o take_v more_o care_n to_o recover_v it_o when_o lose_v by_o they_o than_o we_o do_v it_o shall_v suffice_v as_o a_o preparatory_a to_o what_o we_o shall_v hereafter_o meet_v with_o bare_o to_o point_v out_o to_o you_o the_o artifices_fw-la that_o be_v make_v use_n of_o in_o order_n to_o this_o end_n and_o to_o show_v by_o what_o secret_a and_o almost_o indiscernible_a work_n they_o first_o begin_v to_o restrain_v and_o at_o last_o utter_o destroy_v the_o right_n of_o prince_n in_o the_o point_n before_o we_o and_o first_o have_v either_o send_v their_o 22._o legate_n into_o a_o kingdom_n or_o else_o constitute_v some_o of_o the_o chief_a bishop_n to_o bear_v that_o character_n the_o prince_n indeed_o command_v the_o clergy_n to_o assemble_v but_o the_o other_o as_o the_o pope_n commissioner_n advise_v the_o do_v of_o it_o thus_o boniface_n begin_v the_o 555._o usurpation_n in_o the_o time_n of_o carloman_n anno_fw-la 745._o he_o assisted_z as_o pope_n zachary_n legate_n in_o the_o three_o council_n of_o germany_n in_o which_o gervitio_n bishop_n of_o mentz_n be_v depose_v and_o the_o say_v boniface_n put_v in_o his_o place_n and_o this_o council_n as_o the_o act_n of_o it_o speak_v be_v hold_v carlomanno_n jubente_fw-la &_o bonifacio_n consulente_fw-la the_o prince_n command_v the_o legate_n advise_v it_o to_o be_v hold_v but_o much_o great_a be_v the_o advance_v which_o pope_n john_n the_o viii_o make_v in_o the_o time_n of_o charles_n the_o bald_a anno_fw-la 876._o for_o now_o the_o pope_n call_v the_o synod_n and_o all_o the_o emperor_n have_v to_o do_v be_v to_o require_v the_o pope_n summons_n to_o be_v obey_v so_o the_o act_n of_o the_o synod_n of_o pontigon_n show_v where_o we_o read_v that_o 294_o the_o holy_a synod_n be_v gather_v together_o in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o lord_n by_o the_o call_n of_o john_n the_o most_o bless_a and_o universal_a pope_n and_o at_o the_o command_n of_o charles_n the_o emperor_n and_o in_o the_o act_n of_o it_o among_o other_o thing_n that_o be_v determine_v by_o it_o we_o find_v this_o canon_n to_o our_o present_a purpose_n that_o as_o 7._o the_o pope_n have_v with_o the_o connivance_n consent_n and_o joynt-determination_n of_o the_o emperor_n resolve_v to_o establish_v ansegisus_fw-la archbishop_n of_o sens_n to_o be_v his_o legate_n and_o have_v bestow_v upon_o he_o the_o primacy_n of_o france_n and_o germany_n in_o call_v of_o synod_n and_o canonical_o define_v such_o thing_n as_o be_v necessary_a so_o do_v the_o father_n of_o the_o synod_n agree_v to_o it_o and_o in_o like_a manner_n determine_v and_o establish_v i_o may_v take_v notice_n of_o many_o thing_n determine_v in_o this_o decree_n in_o manifest_a derogation_n of_o the_o emperor_n authority_n but_o i_o shall_v content_v myself_o to_o observe_v how_o by_o this_o time_n the_o pope_n in_o those_o part_n have_v get_v the_o power_n of_o call_v synod_n whole_o into_o his_o hand_n and_o either_o himself_o express_o do_v it_o or_o else_o give_v commission_n to_o some_o other_o to_o do_v it_o in_o his_o name_n and_o by_o virtue_n of_o his_o authority_n it_o be_v true_a the_o emperor_n consent_v to_o what_o be_v do_v in_o the_o present_a case_n but_o that_o be_v only_o to_o allow_v that_o particular_a person_n one_o of_o his_o own_o subject_n to_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o character_n of_o the_o pope_n legate_n not_o to_o enable_v the_o pope_n to_o grant_v such_o a_o power_n which_o he_o now_o assume_v to_o himself_o a_o right_a to_o do_v and_o according_o in_o the_o second_o synod_n 311._o of_o troy_n hold_v but_o two_o year_n after_o the_o same_o pope_n come_v into_o france_n to_o remedy_v the_o disorder_n of_o the_o church_n and_o free_v it_o from_o some_o oppression_n which_o it_o lay_v under_o call_v that_o synod_n by_o his_o own_o authority_n made_n what_o canon_n he_o think_v needful_a for_o those_o time_n and_o publish_v they_o in_o the_o council_n and_o the_o council_n have_v the_o honour_n to_o approve_v and_o receive_v they_o from_o he_o but_o as_o encroachment_n of_o this_o nature_n 433._o be_v once_o begin_v run_v still_o on_o to_o a_o great_a excess_n so_o pope_n formosus_fw-la soon_o carry_v the_o usurpation_n yet_o far_o he_o assemble_v by_o his_o legate_n the_o council_n of_o vien_fw-it the_o metropolis_n of_o france_n and_o the_o bishop_n meet_v at_o his_o command_n and_o 750._o from_o henceforth_o it_o become_v a_o settle_a custom_n for_o the_o pope_n by_o his_o legate_n to_o call_v such_o synod_n and_o to_o sit_v with_o the_o bishop_n in_o those_o part_n nor_o do_v the_o pope_n only_o by_o his_o legate_n call_v such_o synod_n and_o assist_v at_o they_o but_o even_o when_o the_o king_n himself_o be_v present_a the_o legate_n now_o begin_v to_o preside_v over_o they_o and_o to_o draw_v even_o matter_n of_o a_o civil_a nature_n before_o he_o and_o judge_v of_o they_o so_o the_o synod_n of_o engelsheim_n under_o 626._o agapetus_n the_o second_o and_o otho_n the_o emperor_n do_v it_o judge_v of_o the_o wrong_n that_o have_v be_v do_v to_o lewis_n the_o four_o king_n of_o france_n and_o excommunicate_v the_o person_n by_o who_o it_o be_v do_v to_o such_o a_o slavery_n have_v the_o pope_n bring_v the_o christian_a world_n about_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o period_n i_o be_o now_o enter_v upon_o he_o call_v synod_n he_o preside_v over_o they_o he_o send_v what_o canon_n he_o please_v to_o be_v confirm_v by_o they_o and_o require_v their_o consent_n to_o they_o and_o last_o he_o draw_v not_o only_o ecclesiastical_a affair_n under_o their_o cognizance_n but_o judge_v of_o the_o affair_n of_o prince_n in_o they_o and_o the_o difference_n that_o arise_v among_o they_o concern_v their_o civil_a authority_n and_o jurisdiction_n but_o to_o none_o of_o these_o invasion_n will_v the_o conqueror_n ever_o submit_v but_o on_o the_o 24._o contrary_a he_o hold_v his_o bishop_n to_o the_o same_o subjection_n which_o they_o pay_v to_o their_o saxon_a prince_n and_o though_o upon_o occasion_n he_o make_v use_v of_o the_o pope_n authority_n to_o serve_v his_o own_o turn_n against_o stigand_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n yet_o that_o be_v do_v he_o quick_o put_v a_o stop_n to_o his_o jurisdiction_n and_o suffer_v he_o not_o to_o meddle_v in_o any_o matter_n but_o where_o it_o be_v for_o his_o interest_n to_o allow_v of_o it_o we_o be_v tell_v by_o one_o than_o who_o no_o 224._o one_o better_a understand_v the_o state_n of_o these_o matter_n that_o this_o prince_n will_v not_o suffer_v any_o of_o his_o subject_n to_o acknowledge_v
need_v a_o convocation_n §_o 12._o 1._o a_o convocation_n not_o necessary_a to_o condemn_v sceptic_n or_o deist_n §_o 13._o 2._o nor_o to_o censure_v socinian_n §_o 14._o 3._o nor_o against_o those_o who_o plead_v for_o a_o general_n toleration_n §_o 15._o 4._o nor_o to_o call_v some_o particular_a person_n to_o account_v §_o 16._o 5._o nor_o to_o prevent_v these_o thing_n from_o corrupt_v the_o manner_n of_o men._n §_o 17._o the_o far_a pretence_n of_o this_o author_n to_o the_o same_o purpose_n consider_v and_o answer_v viz._n 1._o that_o the_o bishop_n can_v reform_v those_o abuse_n §_o 18._o the_o authority_n of_o christian_a prince_n assert_v etc._n etc._n chap._n i._n the_o design_n of_o the_o follow_a discourse_n with_o a_o short_a account_n of_o the_o method_n that_o be_v propose_v to_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o prosecution_n of_o it_o though_o it_o be_v not_o very_o material_a in_o 1._o what_o order_n we_o examine_v the_o question_n here_o propose_v nor_o shall_v i_o therefore_o pass_v any_o ensure_v upon_o the_o method_n which_o our_o author_n have_v take_v in_o handle_v of_o they_o yet_o because_o i_o think_v the_o matter_n of_o right_n in_o this_o case_n be_v of_o much_o great_a concern_v in_o itself_o than_o that_o of_o expedience_n and_o the_o proof_n of_o which_o if_o it_o stand_v good_a will_v supersede_n the_o necessity_n of_o look_v any_o far_o i_o shall_v take_v the_o liberty_n to_o begin_v with_o that_o point_n which_o howsoever_o it_o be_v resolve_v will_v go_v a_o great_a way_n towards_o a_o determination_n of_o this_o whole_a controversy_n for_o if_o the_o convocation_n have_v a_o legal_a right_o to_o sit_v and_o act_n independent_a upon_o the_o will_n and_o pleasure_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o if_o to_o deny_v they_o so_o to_o do_v as_o often_o as_o the_o parliament_n be_v assemble_v be_v to_o violate_v that_o right_n which_o by_o virtue_n of_o our_o constitution_n they_o ought_v to_o enjoy_v as_o this_o author_n doubt_v not_o to_o affirm_v then_o whether_o there_o be_v any_o such_o present_a occasion_n for_o their_o sit_v as_o he_o pretend_v or_o no_o it_o must_v be_v confess_v that_o the_o clergy_n have_v have_v wrong_a enough_o already_o do_v they_o and_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v encroach_v upon_o by_o any_o far_a adjournment_n on_o the_o contrary_a if_o the_o meeting_n and_o act_v of_o the_o convocation_n do_v depend_v upon_o the_o grace_n and_o pleasure_n of_o the_o prince_n so_o that_o they_o can_v neither_o assemble_v nor_o consult_v without_o his_o permiss_a 〈…〉_z nor_o be_v he_o any_o far_o oblige_v to_o 〈◊〉_d of_o either_o than_o he_o be_v persuade_v 〈◊〉_d meeting_n and_o act_v will_v be_v for_o the_o 〈◊〉_d benefit_n of_o the_o church_n and_o kingdom_n then_o it_o must_v follow_v that_o in_o pretend_v to_o judge_n of_o these_o matter_n our_o convocation-man_n and_o his_o friend_n have_v meddle_v with_o that_o which_o do_v not_o belong_v to_o they_o and_o that_o in_o vain_a do_v they_o insist_v upon_o what_o seem_v agreeable_a to_o their_o apprehension_n whilst_o they_o can_v tell_v but_o that_o his_o majesty_n may_v have_v as_o good_a or_o better_a reason_n against_o their_o sit_v under_o the_o present_a circumstance_n of_o affair_n as_o they_o can_v imagine_v they_o have_v offer_v for_o it_o indeed_o if_o our_o author_n be_v at_o this_o time_n 2._o a_o member_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o as_o in_o one_o passage_n of_o his_o book_n he_o seem_v to_o intimate_v 28_o that_o he_o be_v and_o if_o his_o concern_v for_o the_o honour_n of_o religion_n and_o the_o good_a of_o the_o 22._o church_n be_v so_o great_a as_o he_o will_v have_v we_o think_v it_o to_o be_v i_o can_v but_o wonder_v why_o he_o have_v so_o long_o suffer_v that_o honourable_a house_n to_o neglect_v this_o matter_n so_o far_o as_o never_o once_o to_o enter_v upon_o the_o consideration_n of_o it_o he_o know_v the_o commons_o have_v a_o stand_a committee_n for_o religion_n and_o he_o seem_v to_o lay_v it_o to_o their_o charge_n that_o notwithstanding_o this_o nothing_o have_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v do_v by_o they_o since_o the_o revolution_n in_o favour_n of_o it_o but_o why_o then_o do_v not_o our_o zealous_a advocate_n choose_v rather_o to_o represent_v the_o injury_n that_o be_v do_v our_o church_n and_o the_o invasion_n that_o have_v be_v make_v upon_o the_o very_a fundamental_a frame_n of_o our_o constitution_n to_o those_o worthy_a gentleman_n and_o at_o such_o a_o committee_n where_o he_o have_v a_o right_a to_o speak_v and_o where_o this_o point_n will_v have_v be_v proper_o debate_v than_o to_o creep_v out_o into_o the_o world_n under_o the_o disguise_n of_o a_o nameless_a author_n and_o expose_v both_o himself_o and_o his_o cause_n to_o those_o censure_n which_o by_o this_o mean_n be_v so_o just_o pass_v upon_o both_o we_o can_v suppose_v that_o he_o decline_v this_o out_o of_o any_o distrust_n of_o the_o argument_n he_o have_v to_o allege_v to_o make_v good_a his_o pretension_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o convocation_n no_o we_o find_v he_o be_v so_o confident_a of_o their_o clearness_n that_o he_o assert_v it_o again_o and_o again_o with_o much_o assurance_n that_o to_o sit_v and_o act_n be_v their_o right_n and_o that_o the_o king_n can_v hinder_v they_o from_o do_v both_o without_o violate_v our_o constitution_n as_o well_o as_o injure_v the_o convocation_n and_o for_o his_o opinion_n of_o the_o readiness_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o to_o do_v we_o justice_n as_o to_o this_o matter_n i_o shall_v need_v only_o to_o repeat_v his_o own_o word_n to_o show_v that_o he_o have_v no_o reason_n to_o except_o against_o that_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n say_v he_o that_o they_o be_v concern_v 16_o to_o maintain_v the_o right_n and_o privilege_n of_o their_o own_o body_n they_o will_v be_v careful_a not_o to_o invade_v those_o of_o another_o they_o be_v wise_a enough_o to_o know_v that_o the_o preserve_v the_o constitution_n as_o it_o be_v be_v the_o best_a way_n to_o preserve_v their_o true_a and_o real_a interest_n and_o that_o the_o constitution_n can_v no_o otherwise_o be_v uphold_v than_o by_o the_o several_a part_n of_o it_o be_v preserve_v in_o their_o just_a right_n and_o power_n allow_v to_o act_n in_o their_o proper_a sphere_n and_o circumscribe_v within_o they_o this_o i_o say_v they_o be_v wise_a enough_o to_o know_v and_o withal_o just_a enough_o to_o own_o that_o a_o convocation_n be_v as_o much_o a_o part_n of_o the_o constitution_n as_o a_o parliament_n itself_o but_o our_o author_n have_v take_v his_o own_o 3._o way_n and_o i_o must_v either_o follow_v he_o in_o it_o or_o must_v leave_v one_o great_a part_n of_o his_o letter_n unanswered_a and_o it_o be_v not_o unlikely_a but_o that_o in_o do_v this_o some_o may_v be_v so_o far_o bias_v in_o his_o favour_n as_o to_o believe_v that_o it_o be_v unanswerable_a and_o though_o i_o be_o sensible_a that_o in_o pursue_v of_o these_o consideration_n i_o shall_v meddle_v with_o such_o matter_n as_o do_v not_o at_o all_o belong_v to_o a_o private_a debate_n yet_o since_o other_o have_v have_v the_o boldness_n to_o arraign_v the_o government_n for_o not_o suffer_v the_o convocation_n to_o meet_v and_o to_o tell_v the_o world_n that_o both_o the_o honour_n of_o religion_n and_o the_o good_a of_o the_o church_n be_v concern_v in_o it_o and_o can_v be_v preserve_v without_o it_o i_o hope_v i_o may_v take_v the_o liberty_n to_o examine_v what_o ground_n there_o be_v for_o so_o invidious_a a_o suggestion_n and_o have_v as_o much_o right_o to_o transgress_v in_o behalf_n of_o authority_n as_o this_o gentleman_n have_v take_v to_o offend_v against_o it_o and_o the_o method_n that_o i_o shall_v choose_v for_o the_o clear_n of_o this_o subject_n shall_v be_v this_o first_o i_o will_v inquire_v as_o to_o the_o matter_n 21._o of_o right_n whether_o there_o be_v any_o law_n that_o command_v or_o permit_v the_o sit_v and_o act_v of_o the_o convocation_n beside_o the_o absolute_a free_a pleasure_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o if_o there_o be_v what_o that_o law_n be_v and_o how_o far_o the_o prince_n be_v oblige_v by_o it_o which_o be_v settle_v i_o will_v second_o consider_v what_o occasion_n there_o be_v at_o present_a for_o a_o convocation_n 2._o and_o whether_o the_o necessity_n of_o its_o meeting_n and_o act_v be_v so_o great_a and_o the_o delay_n of_o it_o so_o dangerous_a as_o our_o author_n pretend_v it_o to_o be_v as_o for_o his_o three_o question_n which_o respect_v the_o validity_n of_o the_o act_n of_o a_o convocation_n any_o far_a than_o they_o be_v confirm_v and_o approve_v of_o by_o parliament_n that_o be_v not_o much_o insist_v upon_o by_o our_o author_n and_o what_o be_v needful_a to_o be_v say_v to_o it_o will_v incidental_o fall_v in_o in_o the_o prosecution_n
of_o the_o other_o two_n but_o though_o this_o therefore_o be_v the_o general_n method_n which_o i_o shall_v observe_v yet_o i_o be_o sensible_a that_o in_o order_n to_o the_o better_a clear_n of_o the_o former_a of_o these_o question_n i_o must_v take_v a_o much_o large_a compass_n than_o our_o author_n design_n lead_v he_o to_o do_v and_o to_o the_o end_n i_o may_v not_o bare_o answer_v his_o allegation_n but_o may_v also_o give_v some_o tolerable_a account_n of_o the_o true_a nature_n and_o right_n of_o our_o convocation_n which_o for_o all_o this_o gentleman_n have_v yet_o do_v may_v still_o continue_v to_o be_v as_o little_o understand_v as_o 20._o those_o of_o a_o jewish_a sanhedrim_n i_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o examine_v this_o matter_n to_o the_o bottom_n as_o far_o as_o my_o skill_n will_v enable_v and_o my_o leisure_n permit_v i_o to_o do_v it_o for_o 27._o as_o our_o author_n have_v right_o observe_v that_o a_o exact_a and_o full_a account_n of_o this_o matter_n can_v be_v give_v but_o by_o one_o who_o have_v great_a skill_n in_o our_o english_a law_n and_o antiquity_n i_o may_v add_v and_o in_o the_o law_n and_o antiquity_n of_o the_o church_n too_o which_o diet_n must_v be_v competent_o understand_v oâ—_n this_o subject_n can_v never_o be_v thorough_o handle_v so_o must_v i_o free_o profess_v that_o neither_o will_v my_o other_o affair_n allow_v i_o to_o be_v very_o exact_a nor_o do_v my_o profession_n as_o a_o divine_a entitle_v i_o to_o so_o much_o skill_n as_o i_o be_o sensible_a be_v requisite_a to_o the_o perfect_a of_o such_o a_o undertake_n but_o however_o i_o will_v candid_o offer_v what_o i_o have_v meet_v with_o and_o where_o i_o chance_v to_o be_v mistake_v especial_o in_o matter_n of_o law_n which_o lie_v out_o of_o my_o way_n i_o hope_v those_o who_o be_v more_o learned_a will_v make_v a_o reasonable_a allowance_n for_o my_o error_n chap._n ii_o the_o first_o general_n point_v propose_v and_o the_o method_n lay_v down_o for_o the_o handle_n of_o it_o in_o pursuance_n whereof_o a_o general_n enquiry_n be_v first_o make_v into_o that_o power_n which_o christian_n prince_n have_v always_o be_v allow_v to_o exercise_v over_o their_o ecclesiastical_a synod_n or_o convocation_n with_o respect_n both_o to_o the_o call_v of_o they_o to_o the_o manage_n of_o they_o when_o sit_v and_o to_o the_o confirm_v or_o annul_v their_o act_n after_o ward_n to_o come_v then_o without_o any_o more_o 1._o ado_n to_o the_o business_n in_o hand_n the_o first_o and_o main_a thing_n to_o be_v consider_v be_v this_o whether_o there_o be_v any_o law_n that_o command_v or_o permit_v the_o sit_v and_o act_v of_o the_o convocation_n beside_o the_o absolute_a free_a pleasure_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o if_o there_o be_v what_o that_o law_n be_v and_o how_o far_o the_o prince_n be_v oblige_v by_o it_o this_o i_o take_v to_o be_v the_o true_a state_n of_o the_o question_n and_o i_o shall_v treat_v of_o it_o in_o this_o follow_a method_n i._o i_o will_v inquire_v what_o power_n christian_a prince_n in_o general_a have_v claim_v over_o such_o convocation_n with_o respect_n both_o to_o their_o assemble_v and_o act_v and_o to_o the_o give_a force_n and_o authority_n to_o what_o be_v do_v by_o they_o ii_o i_o will_v consider_v whether_o our_o king_n have_v not_o the_o same_o authority_n over_o our_o convocation_n that_o all_o other_o christian_a prince_n have_v claim_v over_o their_o synod_n and_o iii_o upon_o this_o foundation_n i_o will_v examine_v what_o this_o author_n have_v allege_v to_o the_o contrary_a and_o offer_v what_o i_o conceive_v may_v fair_o be_v reply_v to_o it_o and_o i._o let_v we_o inquire_v what_o power_n christian_a prince_n in_o general_a have_v claim_v over_o their_o synod_n with_o respect_n both_o to_o their_o meeting_n and_o act_v first_o and_o to_o the_o give_a force_n and_o authority_n to_o what_o be_v do_v by_o they_o that_o christian_a prince_n have_v a_o right_n 2._o not_o only_o to_o exercise_v authority_n over_o ecclesiastical_a person_n but_o to_o interpose_v in_o the_o order_n of_o ecclesiastical_a affair_n too_o neither_o our_o own_o article_n and_o canon_n nor_o 2._o the_o consent_n of_o the_o universal_a church_n ever_o since_o the_o empire_n become_v christian_n will_v suffer_v we_o to_o doubt_v there_o be_v no_o one_o so_o great_a a_o stranger_n to_o the_o history_n of_o the_o holy_a scripture_n as_o not_o to_o know_v what_o authority_n the_o jewish_a prince_n under_o the_o law_n pretend_v to_o as_o to_o this_o matter_n and_o how_o far_o the_o first_o christian_a emperor_n follow_v their_o example_n be_v other_o author_n silent_a yet_o that_o one_o assertion_n of_o socrates_n will_v not_o suffer_v we_o to_o be_v ignorant_a where_o he_o affirm_v that_o ever_o since_o they_o become_v c._n christian_n the_o affair_n of_o the_o church_n have_v depend_v upon_o they_o and_o the_o great_a synod_n be_v assemble_v by_o their_o order_n and_o still_o say_v he_o continue_v to_o be_v assemble_v it_o be_v a_o famous_a say_v of_o constantine_n the_o first_o christian_a emperor_n to_o his_o bishop_n that_o they_o indeed_o be_v bishop_n in_o thing_n 24._o within_o the_o church_n but_o that_o he_o be_v appoint_v by_o god_n to_o be_v bishop_n as_o to_o those_o without_o and_o how_o far_o the_o succeed_a emperor_n continue_v to_o look_v upon_o the_o well_o order_v and_o govern_v of_o the_o church_n to_o be_v one_o great_a part_n of_o that_o duty_n which_o god_n expect_v from_o they_o the_o epistle_n of_o theodosius_n and_o valentinian_n to_o to_o st._n cyril_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o metropolitan_o 35._o who_o they_o summon_v to_o meet_v in_o the_o general_n council_n of_o ephesus_n abundant_o show_v let_v we_o look_v into_o the_o several_a collection_n of_o the_o roman_a law_n etc._n the_o code_n of_o theodosius_n 5._o the_o code_n and_o etc._n novel_n of_o justinian_n the_o yet_o late_a 5._o collection_n of_o basilius_n leo_n and_o constantine_n that_o follow_v after_o how_o many_o constitution_n shall_v we_o find_v in_o every_o one_o of_o these_o relate_n to_o ecclesiastical_a affair_n to_o the_o order_n and_o government_n of_o the_o church_n to_o the_o election_n and_o consecration_n of_o bishop_n and_o priest_n to_o the_o life_n office_n and_o privilege_n of_o the_o clergy_n to_o the_o erection_n and_o liberty_n of_o church_n to_o the_o service_n of_o they_o nay_o and_o even_o to_o the_o very_a faith_n which_o be_v to_o be_v teach_v and_o profess_v in_o they_o and_o when_o the_o empire_n begin_v to_o be_v parcele_v out_o into_o several_a lesser_a state_n and_o kingdom_n we_o find_v their_o several_a prince_n still_o maintain_v the_o same_o authority_n as_o to_o all_o these_o thing_n that_o the_o emperor_n have_v do_v before_o as_o from_o the_o capitulary_n of_o the_o french_a and_o german_a prince_n the_o collection_n of_o the_o spanish_a council_n our_o own_o etc._n ancient_a law_n and_o the_o history_n which_o remain_v of_o the_o several_a other_o country_n do_v evident_o appear_v but_o of_o the_o authority_n of_o prince_n in_o ecclesiastical_a matter_n and_o over_o ecclesiastical_a 3._o person_n in_o general_a there_o be_v no_o doubt_n nor_o shall_v there_o one_o will_v think_v be_v any_o more_o whether_o one_o great_a part_n of_o their_o authority_n as_o to_o these_o matter_n have_v not_o always_o be_v account_v to_o consist_v in_o the_o power_n to_o convenâ—_n synod_n and_o to_o order_v whatsoever_o relate_v both_o to_o the_o assemble_v and_o act_v of_o they_o and_o for_o the_o better_a proof_n of_o which_o i_o shall_v now_o distinct_o consider_v what_o their_o power_n be_v with_o respect_n 1_o to_o the_o call_n of_o such_o synod_n or_o convocation_n 2_o to_o the_o direct_n of_o their_o proceed_n when_o they_o be_v assemble_v and_o 3_o to_o the_o approve_v and_o confirm_v their_o constitution_n afterward_o and_o 1_o let_v we_o consider_v what_o the_o power_n of_o the_o civil_a magistrate_n be_v as_o to_o the_o convening_n of_o ecclesiastical_a synod_n and_o convocation_n it_o have_v ever_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o one_o 4._o great_a part_n of_o the_o prince_n prerogative_n that_o no_o society_n shall_v be_v incorporate_v nor_o any_o company_n be_v allow_v to_o meet_v together_o without_o his_o knowledge_n and_o permission_n the_o roman_a law_n be_v especial_o very_o severe_a as_o to_o this_o particular_a and_o though_o after_o the_o conversion_n of_o the_o emperor_n 1._o to_o the_o faith_n of_o christ_n a_o provision_n be_v make_v for_o the_o public_a assembly_n of_o the_o church_n for_o divine_a service_n yet_o before_o that_o tertullian_n who_o understand_v these_o 13._o matter_n as_o well_o as_o any_o one_o of_o his_o time_n though_o he_o excuse_v their_o meeting_n upon_o all_o other_o account_n can_v not_o deny_v but_o that_o they_o fall_v under_o the_o censure_n of_o
â—02_n their_o meeting_n and_o be_v great_o satisfy_v at_o their_o behaviour_n in_o it_o it_o be_v not_o long_o after_o this_o that_o as_o baronius_n himself_o confess_v theodorick_n summon_v another_o synod_n at_o rome_n to_o judge_v of_o the_o crime_n allege_v against_o symmachus_n bishop_n of_o that_o see_v and_o submit_v the_o determination_n of_o that_o affair_n to_o their_o resolution_n and_o when_o caesarius_n bishop_n of_o arles_n desire_v to_o convene_v a_o provincial_a synod_n in_o france_n according_a to_o the_o direction_n of_o the_o ancient_a canon_n and_o the_o allowance_n of_o the_o law_n to_o that_o purpose_n yet_o he_o do_v not_o think_v it_o sit_v so_o to_o do_v till_o he_o have_v obtain_v the_o consent_n of_o alaric_n the_o goth_n for_o it_o and_o it_o be_v express_o note_v that_o concenisset_fw-la it_o be_v hold_v by_o his_o allowance_n what_o caesarius_n here_o do_v with_o respect_n to_o alaric_n a_o arrian_n prince_n the_o same_o do_v avitus_n bishop_n of_o vienne_n with_o regard_n to_o sigismond_n the_o son_n of_o gundebald_a king_n of_o the_o burgundian_n who_o he_o have_v not_o prooem_n long_o before_o convert_v to_o the_o catholic_n faith_n he_o call_v even_o his_o provincial_a synod_n with_o the_o king_n consent_n and_o though_o himself_o metropolitan_a of_o that_o district_n yet_o preside_v in_o it_o by_o the_o prince_n order_n such_o be_v the_o authority_n by_o which_o these_o lesser_a synod_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v hold_v immediate_o upon_o the_o break_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o that_o thus_o it_o continue_v till_o the_o prevalence_n of_o the_o papal_a power_n begin_v to_o overthrow_v the_o prince_n right_a will_v appear_v from_o a_o short_a view_n of_o this_o matter_n in_o some_o of_o the_o principal_a state_n which_o arise_v out_o of_o the_o ruin_n of_o it_o and_o 1._o that_o this_o be_v so_o in_o the_o kingdom_n 8._o of_o spain_n the_o council_n of_o toledo_n the_o most_o eminent_a of_o any_o in_o that_o country_n both_o for_o number_n and_o authority_n sufficient_o demonstrate_v that_o the_o second_o sin_n of_o these_o be_v call_v by_o the_o permission_n of_o amalaric_n the_o synod_n itself_o own_v but_o the_o three_o and_o i_o think_v the_o most_o considerable_a of_o they_o all_o be_v yet_o more_o full_a to_o our_o present_a purpose_n it_o be_v a_o general_n council_n of_o that_o whole_a nation_n in_o it_o the_o goth_n adjure_v their_o heresy_n and_o embrace_v the_o catholic_n faith_n this_o faith_n be_v first_o establish_v in_o spain_n by_o the_o authority_n of_o this_o council_n and_o several_a very_o useful_a canon_n be_v frame_v by_o it_o for_o the_o government_n of_o the_o church_n for_o the_o time_n to_o come_v and_o all_o this_o be_v do_v by_o the_o command_n of_o 589_o reccaredus_n their_o king_n who_o with_o badda_n his_o queen_n subscribe_v to_o the_o orthodox_n faith_n in_o it_o and_o make_v not_o only_o his_o bishop_n but_o the_o chief_a of_o his_o nobility_n and_o other_o subscribe_v to_o it_o it_o will_v be_v needless_a for_o i_o after_o so_o clear_a a_o evidence_n as_o this_o synod_n have_v give_v we_o of_o the_o authority_n by_o which_o council_n be_v ancient_o convene_v in_o spain_n to_o spend_v any_o long_a time_n in_o the_o particular_a examination_n of_o the_o several_a council_n that_o follow_v after_o it_o shall_v therefore_o suffice_v bare_o to_o say_v thus_o much_o that_o the_o four_o of_o toledo_n another_o national_a council_n and_o of_o great_a authority_n in_o those_o part_n meet_v subscript_n by_o the_o order_n of_o sisenandus_n as_o the_o three_o have_v do_v by_o that_o of_o reccaredus_n the_o five_o by_o the_o command_n of_o cinthila_n who_o also_o confirm_v the_o act_n of_o it_o the_o six_o 1â—28_n of_o cinthilan_n the_o seven_o of_o chindaswind_n the_o eight_o of_o recceswinthus_n the_o rest_n by_o the_o order_n of_o the_o several_a prince_n which_o follow_v after_o as_o from_o the_o act_n of_o the_o fifteen_o and_o sixteen_o the_o last_o of_o these_o synod_n it_o do_v evident_o appear_v as_o for_o their_o provincial_a synod_n they_o be_v not_o indeed_o always_o summon_v by_o the_o express_a particular_a order_n of_o those_o prince_n but_o yet_o even_a these_o be_v hold_v by_o virtue_n of_o that_o authority_n which_o the_o three_o great_a council_n of_o toledo_n under_o tolet._n reccaredus_n before_o mention_v have_v give_v to_o they_o it_o be_v by_o virtue_n of_o this_o allowance_n that_o the_o synod_n of_o narbonne_n and_o saragosa_n 592._o be_v assemble_v and_o in_o both_o which_o for_o that_o reason_n it_o be_v say_v that_o they_o meet_v according_a to_o the_o order_n of_o that_o prince_n and_o to_o the_o appointment_n of_o that_o council_n 2._o and_o the_o same_o authority_n which_o these_o 9_o king_n use_v in_o spain_n do_v their_o next_o neighbour_n the_o suevian_a prince_n exercise_n in_o galaecia_n during_o the_o time_n of_o their_o empire_n there_o the_o second_o council_n of_o braga_n the_o metropolis_n praef._n of_o that_o country_n be_v express_o declare_v to_o have_v meet_v at_o the_o command_n of_o ariamirus_n or_o as_o some_o have_v rather_o think_v of_o theodimirus_fw-la their_o king_n it_o be_v by_o the_o same_o authority_n that_o the_o synod_n of_o lugo_n not_o long_o after_o be_v assemble_v 607._o to_o divide_v the_o country_n into_o several_a province_n and_o to_o erect_v a_o great_a number_n of_o bishopric_n in_o it_o and_o when_o by_o virtue_n of_o this_o division_n the_o clergy_n of_o that_o country_n be_v come_v together_o in_o two_o provincial_a synod_n under_o their_o respective_a metropolitan_o according_a to_o the_o ancient_a canon_n in_o that_o behalf_n miro_n his_o successor_n order_v praefat._n they_o to_o meet_v both_o together_o in_o a_o general_n council_n at_o braga_n and_o there_o agree_v upon_o such_o constitution_n as_o they_o shall_v find_v the_o necessity_n of_o the_o church_n to_o require_v 3._o if_o from_o hence_o we_o cross_v over_o to_o the_o 10._o kingdom_n of_o burgundy_n we_o shall_v find_v those_o prince_n in_o possession_n of_o the_o same_o right_n over_o their_o synod_n that_o the_o other_o king_n have_v be_v show_v to_o have_v exercise_v the_o inscription_n of_o the_o second_o council_n of_o lion_n assemble_v about_o the_o year_n 567_o show_v that_o it_o be_v call_v by_o the_o command_n of_o guntramn_v their_o king_n who_o also_o not_o long_o after_o assemble_v another_o synod_n at_o challon_n as_o gregory_n of_o tours_n inform_v we_o 28._o it_o be_v by_o the_o order_n of_o the_o same_o guntramn_v that_o the_o great_a council_n of_o mascon_n 581._o be_v hold_v and_o when_o that_o have_v not_o sufficient_o restore_v the_o discipline_n of_o the_o church_n he_o not_o only_o assemble_v another_o at_o 1._o lion_n but_o more_o in_o several_a other_o place_n etc._n at_o valence_n poitiers_n mascon_n etc._n etc._n all_o who_o act_v express_o avow_v the_o authority_n by_o which_o they_o meet_v 4._o in_o germany_n carloman_n first_o and_o then_o 11._o charles_n the_o emperor_n as_o they_o be_v the_o great_a restorer_n of_o religion_n and_o assertor_n of_o the_o discipline_n of_o the_o church_n so_o will_v they_o afford_v we_o a_o sufficient_a proof_n of_o the_o prince_n authority_n in_o this_o particular_a it_o be_v the_o former_a of_o these_o who_o with_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o clergy_n and_o noble_n praef_n call_v the_o council_n of_o ratisbon_n which_o be_v account_v among_o the_o first_o of_o germany_n an._n 742._o and_o how_o the_o other_o continue_v 1152._o by_o the_o same_o authority_n to_o summon_v the_o like_a assembly_n the_o several_a synod_n of_o worm_n valenciennes_n aix_n la_o chappelle_n but_o especial_o the_o two_o great_a council_n of_o praefat._n mentz_n and_o i._n frankford_n in_o the_o latter_a of_o which_o not_o only_o the_o bishop_n of_o germany_n but_o of_o france_n and_o aquitain_n be_v assemble_v together_o and_o over_o all_o who_o charles_n the_o emperor_n preside_v abundant_o show_v no_o soon_o be_v this_o great_a prince_n dead_a but_o ludovicus_n pius_n his_o successor_n after_o his_o example_n call_v together_o his_o clergy_n to_o aix-la-chappelle_a for_o the_o correction_n of_o 816._o the_o negligence_n and_o ignorance_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o for_o the_o better_a regulate_v of_o the_o life_n of_o the_o clergy_n and_o have_v full_o determine_v ibid._n whatsoever_o be_v think_v expedient_a in_o order_n thereunto_o he_o command_v a_o strict_a obedience_n to_o be_v pay_v to_o the_o constitution_n which_o have_v be_v make_v by_o they_o and_o when_o this_o do_v not_o yet_o sufficient_o correct_v the_o abuse_n of_o those_o time_n he_o not_o only_o summon_v a_o second_o council_n to_o meet_v at_o the_o 836._o same_o place_n but_o be_v meet_v he_o propose_v to_o they_o such_o head_n as_o he_o conceive_v to_o be_v far_a necessary_a with_o respect_n both_o to_o the_o life_n and_o doctrine_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o clergy_n and_o order_v the_o
synod_n to_o frame_v their_o debate_n upon_o they_o when_o this_o emperor_n be_v dead_a and_o the_o difference_n between_o his_o son_n appease_v lewis_n to_o who_o the_o government_n of_o germany_n fall_v after_o his_o father_n example_n call_v the_o great_a council_n of_o mayence_n to_o regulate_v those_o disorder_n which_o the_o late_a praef._n distraction_n have_v bring_v into_o the_o church_n and_o because_o many_o thing_n remain_v which_o can_v not_o then_o be_v sufficient_o provide_v for_o he_o the_o next_o year_n after_o assemble_v another_o synod_n for_o the_o determination_n of_o they_o it_o be_v about_o twenty_o year_n after_o this_o that_o the_o same_o lewis_n convene_v a_o general_n council_n at_o worm_n and_o there_o in_o 868._o like_a manner_n order_v many_o thing_n relate_v both_o to_o the_o faith_n and_o discipline_n of_o the_o church_n it_o be_v not_o long_o after_o that_o arnulph_n his_o 467._o nephew_n have_v obtain_v the_o empire_n call_v together_o in_o like_a manner_n his_o bishop_n to_o a_o great_a council_n at_o trebur_n preside_v and_o assist_v in_o it_o and_o cause_v what_o be_v do_v not_o only_o to_o be_v subscribe_v by_o the_o bishop_n who_o he_o have_v assemble_v but_o to_o be_v confirm_v by_o a_o great_a number_n both_o of_o the_o inferior_a clergy_n and_o of_o the_o laity_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o last_o not_o to_o metion_n any_o more_o henry_n the_o first_o after_o the_o example_n of_o his_o predecessor_n by_o his_o princely_a command_n assemble_v the_o great_a synod_n at_o erpsford_n with_o the_o advice_n of_o 591._o his_o great_a man_n and_o particular_o of_o archbishop_n hildibert_n who_o be_v chief_o consider_v by_o he_o 5._o and_o now_o have_v thus_o full_o show_v 12._o what_o be_v the_o practice_n of_o these_o prince_n in_o germany_n i_o may_v spare_v myself_o and_o reader_n the_o trouble_n of_o inquire_v into_o the_o method_n use_v in_o france_n which_o be_v general_o either_o in_o the_o same_o hand_n or_o govern_v by_o those_o of_o the_o same_o family_n that_o the_o empire_n in_o those_o day_n be_v yet_o because_o i_o think_v the_o ecclesiastical_a discipline_n be_v no_o where_o better_o keep_v up_o or_o more_o exact_o follow_v than_o in_o that_o country_n and_o that_o i_o conceive_v our_o own_o synod_n be_v very_o much_o frame_v by_o the_o pattern_n of_o they_o i_o will_v take_v a_o short_a view_n of_o their_o convention_n also_o and_o so_o conclude_v these_o first_o general_n remark_n to_o begin_v then_o with_o the_o first_o of_o their_o christian_a king_n clovis_n the_o great_a and_o here_o we_o find_v that_o he_o not_o only_o call_v the_o first_o council_n of_o orleans_n and_o which_o have_v 511._o ever_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o the_o model_n and_o pattern_n to_o all_o their_o succeed_a synod_n but_o moreover_o prescribe_v to_o it_o the_o point_n on_o which_o it_o be_v to_o debate_v and_o all_o this_o at_o the_o desire_n and_o with_o the_o advice_n of_o st._n remigius_n as_o hincmarus_n in_o the_o history_n of_o his_o life_n inform_v us._n it_o be_v by_o the_o like_a command_n of_o childebert_n praef._n and_o his_o brethren_n that_o the_o second_o council_n of_o the_o same_o place_n be_v hold_v the_o synod_n of_o clermont_n the_o next_o of_o any_o consequence_n praef._n that_o meet_v in_o france_n assemble_v with_o the_o consent_n of_o king_n theodebert_n and_o so_o do_v that_o of_o tours_n afterward_o with_o praef._n the_o like_a consent_n and_o allowance_n of_o charibert_n the_o five_o council_n of_o paris_n not_o only_o etc._n declare_v that_o it_o be_v assemble_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o clotharius_n but_o tell_v we_o that_o their_o assemble_v by_o his_o authority_n be_v as_o indeed_o it_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o ancient_a father_n who_o have_v go_v before_o them_o and_o the_o synod_n of_o chalons_n own_v in_o like_a manner_n that_o it_o meet_v together_o in_o obedience_n to_o the_o call_v and_o command_n of_o clovis_n the_o second_o their_o regis_fw-la king_n it_o be_v by_o the_o royal_a authority_n of_o pepin_n council_n that_o a_o general_n council_n be_v hold_v in_o his_o palace_n at_o vernis_fw-la anno_fw-la 755._o of_o charles_n the_o great_a that_o the_o second_o council_n of_o praefat._n rheims_n and_o the_o three_o of_o tours_n â—ere_z convened_a of_o lovis_n the_o emperor_n and_o his_o son_n lotharius_n that_o the_o 1596._o six_o council_n of_o paris_n be_v call_v and_o last_o not_o to_o instance_n in_o any_o more_o of_o charles_n the_o bald_a that_o the_o 53._o synod_n of_o quierzy_n be_v assemble_v for_o reform_v man_n manner_n and_o to_o put_v a_o stop_n to_o that_o corruption_n in_o point_n of_o faith_n too_o which_o be_v about_o that_o time_n suppose_v to_o be_v break_v out_o in_o those_o part_n whaâ—_n the_o practice_n of_o our_o own_o country_n 13._o have_v be_v as_o to_o this_o matter_n i_o shall_v particular_o consider_v when_o i_o come_v to_o inquire_v into_o the_o right_n of_o our_o own_o king_n in_o this_o respect_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n from_o the_o account_n which_o have_v hitherto_o be_v give_v of_o that_o authority_n by_o which_o the_o bishop_n and_o clergy_n have_v be_v wont_a to_o be_v call_v together_o into_o synod_n it_o appear_v that_o as_o in_o fact_n no_o council_n have_v meet_v without_o the_o permission_n of_o the_o civil_a magistrate_n ever_o since_o the_o empire_n become_v christian_a so_o neither_o do_v it_o appear_v that_o the_o clergy_n have_v ever_o make_v any_o complaint_n against_o they_o as_o usurp_v herein_o upon_o the_o right_n of_o the_o church_n or_o plead_v any_o privilege_n as_o of_o divine_a authority_n for_o their_o meeting_n and_o act_v against_o their_o consent_n but_o to_o the_o end_v it_o may_v the_o more_o evident_o appear_v how_o far_o the_o power_n of_o christian_a prince_n have_v be_v account_v to_o extend_v as_o to_o this_o particular_a i_o shall_v to_o that_o general_a deduction_n i_o have_v now_o make_v of_o the_o authority_n by_o which_o the_o church_n have_v be_v accustom_v from_o the_o beginning_n to_o meet_v together_o in_o council_n subjoin_v a_o few_o more_o particular_a remark_n for_o the_o better_a clear_n of_o this_o whole_a matter_n and_o one_a it_o may_v be_v observe_v that_o 14._o though_o the_o civil_a magistrate_n have_v general_o advise_v with_o his_o bishop_n and_o clergy_n upon_o these_o occasion_n and_o ask_v their_o opinion_n whether_o it_o be_v fit_v or_o not_o to_o call_v a_o synod_n before_o he_o have_v give_v order_n for_o the_o meeting_n of_o it_o yet_o be_v this_o never_o look_v upon_o as_o any_o matter_n of_o right_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_a prince_n have_v oftentimes_o assemble_v such_o council_n without_o ever_o consult_v they_o at_o all_o and_o at_o other_o when_o their_o bishop_n have_v not_o only_o advise_v but_o desire_v they_o so_o to_o do_v have_v yet_o upon_o their_o own_o judgement_n or_o by_o the_o advice_n of_o their_o council_n utter_o refuse_v to_o comply_v with_o their_o request_n if_o we_o look_v into_o the_o act_n of_o the_o several_a synod_n i_o have_v before_o mention_v we_o shall_v find_v indeed_o sometime_o that_o the_o advice_n of_o the_o bishop_n be_v take_v for_o their_o meeting_n but_o we_o shall_v often_o find_v they_o call_v by_o the_o prince_n with_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o great_a man_n and_o yet_o often_o no_o notice_n at_o all_o take_v of_o the_o advice_n of_o either_o how_o often_o do_v liberius_n and_o the_o catholic_n etc._n bishop_n in_o vain_a petition_n constantius_n that_o a_o free_a and_o orthodox_n council_n may_v be_v call_v to_o judge_v in_o the_o case_n of_o athanasius_n but_o can_v never_o obtain_v it_o and_o though_o the_o method_n take_v by_o that_o emperor_n to_o manage_v that_o affair_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o arian_n and_o the_o refusal_n of_o such_o a_o council_n as_o be_v desire_v be_v the_o effect_n of_o that_o enmity_n he_o have_v conceive_v against_o they_o and_o their_o doctrine_n yet_o we_o do_v not_o find_v the_o catholic_n bishop_n any_o where_o complain_v that_o in_o this_o the_o emperor_n do_v any_o more_o than_o what_o he_o have_v authority_n to_o do_v or_o pretend_v to_o any_o original_a ecclesiastical_a power_n leave_v they_o by_o christ_n to_o call_v such_o a_o synod_n whether_o he_o will_v or_o no._n but_o on_o the_o contrary_a notwithstanding_o the_o urgency_n of_o that_o affair_n and_o the_o eager_a desire_n they_o have_v to_o end_v it_o neither_o liberius_n nor_o any_o other_o attempt_v to_o meet_v against_o the_o emperor_n command_n but_o quiet_o submit_v to_o the_o prohibition_n he_o have_v lay_v upon_o they_o not_o to_o do_v so_o so_o little_o do_v the_o great_a bishop_n of_o the_o church_n in_o those_o day_n think_v it_o lawful_a to_o hold_v a_o council_n against_o the_o prince_n will_n that_o be_v forbid_v by_o a_o heretical_a emperor_n and_o that_o against_o
the_o truth_n of_o they_o and_o not_o expect_v that_o he_o shall_v not_o only_o believe_v himself_o but_o shall_v oblige_v other_o to_o believe_v what_o neither_o he_o nor_o they_o see_v any_o reason_n to_o receive_v for_o whatever_o in_o some_o man_n opinion_n a_o general_n council_n may_v be_v yet_o i_o hope_v no_o one_o will_v pretend_v that_o we_o must_v believe_v every_o particular_a convocation_n to_o be_v infallible_a in_o its_o definition_n let_v this_o then_o be_v the_o result_n of_o our_o second_o enquiry_n viz._n *_o that_o the_o christian_a prince_n have_v a_o right_a to_o prescribe_v to_o his_o synod_n the_o work_n they_o be_v to_o go_v upon_o and_o to_o restrain_v they_o from_o meddle_v with_o such_o thing_n as_o do_v not_o belong_v to_o them_o *_o that_o he_o may_v direct_v not_o only_o the_o subject_a but_o the_o order_n and_o method_n of_o their_o debate_n *_o that_o he_o may_v if_o he_o please_v sit_v and_o deliberate_a with_o his_o clergy_n in_o they_o and_o interpose_v his_o judgement_n not_o only_o in_o matter_n of_o discipline_n but_o in_o matter_n of_o faith_n too_o *_o that_o it_o be_v not_o only_o his_o right_n but_o his_o duty_n to_o examine_v what_o they_o have_v conclude_v upon_o and_o either_o to_o confirm_v or_o rescind_v their_o decision_n according_a as_o he_o shall_v remain_v satisfy_v or_o not_o of_o the_o truth_n the_o justice_n and_o the_o expediency_n of_o them_o and_o this_o bring_v i_o to_o the_o three_o and_o last_o question_v propose_v to_o be_v consider_v 32._o viz._n three_o what_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o prince_n be_v with_o relation_n to_o these_o convention_n after_o they_o have_v end_v what_o be_v to_o be_v do_v by_o them_o now_o that_o may_v be_v consider_v in_o a_o double_a respect_n one_a with_o reference_n to_o their_o person_n and_o two_o to_o their_o acts._n one_a with_o reference_n to_o their_o person_n i_o have_v before_o show_v that_o no_o synod_n can_v regular_o be_v assemble_v without_o the_o consent_n 33._o of_o the_o civil_a magistrate_n i_o now_o add_v that_o neither_o be_v assemble_v can_v they_o dissolve_v themselves_o and_o depart_v from_o any_o such_o council_n till_o license_v by_o he_o so_o to_o do_v this_o be_v a_o right_n that_o have_v ever_o be_v acknowledge_v by_o the_o clergy_n to_o belong_v to_o the_o christian_a prince_n and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v need_v to_o insist_v the_o less_o upon_o the_o proof_n of_o it_o when_o the_o father_n who_o be_v call_v by_o constantius_n to_o ariminum_n have_v do_v the_o business_n for_o which_o they_o be_v convene_v and_o send_v their_o delegate_n to_o attend_v the_o emperor_n with_o a_o account_n of_o their_o proceed_n they_o final_o beseech_v he_o that_o synod_n he_o will_v give_v they_o leave_v to_o return_v to_o their_o church_n lest_o they_o shall_v seem_v by_o their_o long_a stay_n to_o have_v be_v forsake_v by_o their_o bishop_n it_o be_v true_a we_o be_v tell_v by_o sozomen_n that_o the_o emperor_n be_v 568._o displease_v at_o their_o firm_a adherence_n to_o the_o catholic_n faith_n refuse_v to_o give_v any_o answer_n to_o they_o whereupon_o grow_v weary_a of_o stay_v any_o long_o at_o a_o place_n where_o they_o have_v nothing_o to_o do_v they_o return_v of_o their_o own_o accord_n to_o their_o several_a church_n but_o then_o he_o tell_v we_o withal_o that_o this_o the_o emperor_n resent_v as_o a_o very_a great_a affront_n which_o they_o put_v upon_o he_o and_o when_o he_o have_v a_o opportunity_n he_o express_v his_o resentment_n according_o against_o them_o but_o theodosius_n and_o valentinian_n take_v more_o care_n of_o the_o general_n council_n assemble_v by_o they_o at_o ephesus_n for_o have_v appoint_v candidian_a to_o look_v after_o it_o one_o part_n of_o that_o instruction_n which_o they_o give_v to_o he_o be_v this_o that_o he_o shall_v by_o all_o mean_n take_v care_n that_o none_o of_o the_o bishop_n leave_v the_o city_n till_o all_o thing_n be_v 〈◊〉_d finish_v for_o which_o they_o come_v together_o and_o particular_o till_o they_o have_v with_o all_o exactness_n settle_v the_o catholic_n faith_n in_o opposition_n to_o the_o heretical_a doctrine_n of_o nestorius_n upon_o who_o account_n that_o synod_n be_v assemble_v such_o be_v the_o right_n which_o the_o emperor_n claim_v over_o their_o bishop_n in_o this_o particular_a and_o for_o the_o exercise_n of_o it_o we_o 〈◊〉_d shall_v need_v look_v no_o far_o than_o to_o the_o next_o general_n council_n where_o when_o marcian_n the_o emperor_n come_v into_o the_o synod_n and_o approve_v what_o the_o father_n have_v do_v after_o their_o other_o acclamation_n they_o all_o unanimous_o request_v we_o beseech_v thou_o dismiss_v or_o dissolve_v we_o to_o this_o the_o emperor_n return_v that_o they_o shall_v tarry_v yet_o three_o or_o four_o day_n and_o move_v whatever_o they_o will_v and_o they_o shall_v receive_v all_o due_a encouragement_n from_o he_o and_o then_o conclude_v the_o session_n with_o these_o word_n see_v that_o none_o of_o you_o depart_v from_o the_o holy_a synod_n before_o all_o thing_n 〈◊〉_d be_v full_o complete_v it_o be_v therefore_o the_o duty_n of_o all_o synod_n as_o they_o be_v convene_v by_o the_o prince_n authority_n so_o to_o tarry_v till_o they_o have_v the_o same_o authority_n for_o their_o dissolution_n as_o for_o the_o last_o particular_a wherein_o we_o be_v to_o consider_v the_o power_n of_o the_o christian_a magistrate_n viz._n 2_o with_o relation_n to_o the_o act_n of_o their_o synod_n it_o be_v i_o conceive_v allow_v on_o all_o hand_n that_o their_o definition_n be_v no_o far_o obligatory_a than_o as_o they_o be_v ratify_v and_o confirm_v by_o the_o civil_a authority_n for_o though_o the_o faith_n of_o christ_n neither_o depend_v upon_o the_o authority_n of_o man_n nor_o be_v subject_n to_o the_o power_n either_o of_o synod_n or_o prince_n as_o to_z what_o concern_v the_o truth_n of_o it_o yet_o what_o that_o faith_n be_v which_o shall_v be_v allow_v to_o be_v profess_v in_o every_o community_n by_o the_o law_n of_o it_o and_o receive_v not_o only_a protection_n but_o encouragement_n from_o the_o civil_a power_n must_v be_v leave_v to_o the_o prince_n to_o determine_v and_o the_o definition_n of_o synod_n in_o favour_n of_o it_o will_v signify_v very_o little_a till_o what_o they_o have_v determine_v to_o be_v the_o right_a faith_n be_v also_o allow_v by_o the_o civil_a magistrate_n to_o be_v public_o profess_v and_o teach_v and_o be_v receive_v into_o his_o favour_n and_o under_o his_o patronage_n as_o such_o but_o much_o more_o reasonable_a as_o well_o as_o necessary_a be_v the_o confirmation_n of_o the_o prince_n to_o give_v authority_n to_o those_o canon_n which_o regard_v the_o discipline_n and_o polity_n of_o the_o church_n because_o in_o these_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o state_n be_v concern_v and_o a_o authority_n usurp_v and_o man_n civil_a interest_n either_o direct_o or_o by_o consequence_n affect_v and_o to_o all_o which_o as_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o prince_n be_v require_v so_o the_o nature_n and_o end_n of_o government_n will_v not_o permit_v that_o any_o thing_n of_o this_o kind_n shall_v be_v do_v within_o the_o state_n without_o his_o consent_n first_o obtain_v for_o the_o do_v of_o it_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o from_o the_o beginning_n christian_a prince_n have_v not_o only_o take_v upon_o they_o to_o confirm_v the_o act_n of_o their_o synod_n if_o they_o have_v think_v fit_a but_o have_v be_v petition_v to_o by_o their_o synod_n that_o they_o will_v do_v so_o thus_o constantine_n the_o great_a be_v desire_v by_o the_o first_o general_n 4._o council_n to_o ratify_v by_o his_o authority_n what_o the_o father_n have_v determine_v im._n the_o same_o be_v demand_v of_o theodosius_n by_o the_o second_o general_n council_n of_o constantinople_n 47._o in_o the_o three_o general_n council_n of_o ephesus_n the_o father_n in_o like_a manner_n address_v to_o the_o young_a theodosius_n and_o valentinian_n for_o the_o ratification_n of_o what_o have_v be_v do_v by_o they_o and_o so_o do_v those_o of_o the_o council_n of_o chalcedon_n to_o marcian_n the_o emperor_n 4._o for_o the_o same_o purpose_n and_o all_o these_o emperor_n answer_v their_o desire_n and_o confirm_v their_o act_n according_o it_o be_v a_o easy_a matter_n to_o show_v that_o the_o same_o method_n still_o continue_v in_o all_o other_o country_n and_o kingdom_n after_o so_o that_o no_o prince_n ever_o suffer_v any_o canon_n to_o be_v put_v in_o execution_n till_o they_o have_v first_o be_v view_v and_o approve_v of_o by_o they_o as_o no_o way_n prejudicial_a to_o their_o royal_a power_n and_o dignity_n but_o because_o this_o be_v a_o point_n that_o be_v not_o i_o conceive_v at_o all_o deny_v among_o we_o and_o that_o i_o look_v upon_o the_o power_n of_o the_o christian_a prince_n to_o extend_v much_o far_o than_o to_o
the_o bare_a confirmation_n of_o what_o the_o synod_n have_v determine_v i_o will_v proceed_v more_o particular_o to_o show_v what_o his_o authority_n in_o this_o respect_n be_v and_o how_o the_o final_a determination_n of_o such_o assembly_n fall_v at_o last_o under_o the_o power_n of_o the_o prince_n judgement_n and_o one_a as_o it_o will_v be_v absurd_a to_o 23._o suppose_v that_o he_o shall_v so_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o prince_n be_v not_o oblige_v at_o all_o adventure_n to_o confirm_v whatsoever_o the_o clergy_n shall_v think_v â—it_a to_o determine_v this_o be_v not_o only_o to_o give_v a_o immoderate_a power_n to_o the_o one_o but_o unreasonable_o to_o confine_v and_o limit_v the_o other_o it_o be_v in_o truth_n to_o hoodwink_a the_o prince_n and_o not_o allow_v he_o the_o common_a privilege_n of_o a_o rational_a creature_n to_o know_v and_o examine_v his_o action_n and_o proceed_v with_o reason_n and_o discretion_n in_o them_o and_o it_o be_v as_o well_o plain_o to_o say_v that_o synod_n have_v a_o supreme_a authority_n and_o be_v no_o way_n accountable_a to_o any_o civil_a power_n in_o what_o they_o do_v as_o to_o pretend_v that_o the_o prince_n shall_v be_v oblige_v at_o all_o adventure_n to_o ratify_v and_o the_o people_n by_o consequence_n to_o submit_v to_o whatsoever_o it_o shall_v please_v they_o to_o determine_v it_o be_v indeed_o to_o be_v wish_v that_o such_o venerable_a assembly_n may_v always_o be_v compose_v of_o man_n so_o wise_a and_o prudent_a and_o that_o they_o will_v proceed_v in_o all_o thing_n so_o calm_o and_o impartial_o that_o the_o prince_n may_v evermore_o find_v it_o to_o be_v both_o just_a and_o honourable_a for_o he_o to_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o protection_n and_o guardian-ship_n of_o their_o definition_n but_o because_o such_o be_v the_o condition_n of_o humane_a nature_n that_o passion_n and_o prejudice_n ignorance_n and_o interest_n noise_n and_o clamour_n oftentimes_o break_v in_o and_o confound_v the_o proceed_n of_o these_o as_o well_o as_o of_o all_o other_o assembly_n and_o many_o thing_n be_v debate_v hasty_o carry_v on_o with_o faction_n and_o conclude_v unreasonable_o it_o be_v very_o fit_a and_o just_a that_o the_o prince_n shall_v give_v direction_n to_o have_v their_o action_n careful_o review'd_n and_o consider_v before_o he_o assent_v to_o they_o that_o so_o he_o may_v not_o be_v impose_v upon_o nor_o do_v either_o the_o church_n or_o himself_o a_o prejudice_n by_o a_o blind_a compliance_n with_o the_o dictate_v of_o his_o clergy_n and_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n that_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v a_o power_n of_o examine_v the_o council_n act_n it_o follow_v two_o that_o he_o must_v also_o be_v allow_v to_o have_v a_o power_n of_o annul_v and_o reject_v what_o they_o have_v do_v if_o it_o shall_v appear_v to_o be_v hurtful_a or_o unjust_a as_o well_o as_o a_o power_n to_o ratify_v and_o confirm_v it_o if_o they_o shall_v be_v find_v to_o have_v proceed_v canonical_o and_o to_o have_v act_v for_o the_o good_a and_o benefit_n of_o the_o church_n it_o be_v in_o vain_a to_o allow_v the_o prince_n a_o liberty_n of_o examination_n if_o there_o be_v not_o leave_v he_o a_o liberty_n of_o choice_n and_o resolution_n and_o a_o authority_n indifferent_o either_o to_o confirm_v or_o reject_v their_o definition_n according_a to_o the_o judgement_n which_o he_o shall_v final_o pass_v upon_o them_o but_o because_o where_o many_o thing_n be_v do_v and_o several_a constitution_n make_v it_o be_v possible_a a_o different_a judgement_n may_v final_o remain_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o prince_n concern_v they_o so_o that_o he_o may_v approve_v of_o some_o part_n of_o what_o the_o synod_n have_v determine_v and_o dislike_v the_o rest_n it_o will_v from_o hence_o far_o follow_v three_o that_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v a_o power_n not_o only_o to_o confirm_v or_o reject_v the_o whole_a of_o what_o the_o synod_n have_v do_v but_o to_o confirm_v that_o part_n of_o their_o act_n which_o he_o be_v persuade_v will_v be_v for_o the_o church_n benefit_n and_o to_o annul_v that_o which_o he_o think_v will_v be_v otherwise_o whether_o it_o will_v be_v think_v to_o be_v as_o reasonable_a 4thly_a that_o the_o prince_n shall_v be_v allow_v a_o far_a power_n to_o alter_v or_o improve_v what_o the_o synod_n have_v define_v to_o add_v to_o or_o to_o take_v from_o it_o so_o as_o to_o render_v it_o in_o his_o opinion_n more_o useful_a to_o the_o end_n for_o which_o it_o be_v design_v i_o can_v tell_v but_o sure_o i_o be_o that_o this_o prince_n have_v do_v and_o so_o i_o think_v they_o have_v authority_n to_o do_v for_o since_o the_o legis-lative_a power_n be_v lodge_v in_o their_o hand_n so_o that_o they_o may_v make_v what_o law_n or_o constitution_n they_o think_v fit_a for_o the_o church_n as_o well_o as_o for_o the_o state_n since_o a_o synod_n in_o matter_n relate_v to_o discipline_n be_v but_o a_o kind_n of_o council_n to_o they_o in_o ecclesiastical_a affair_n who_o advice_n have_v take_v they_o may_v still_o act_v as_o they_o think_v fit_a see_v last_o a_o canon_n draw_v up_o by_o a_o synod_n be_v but_o as_o it_o be_v matter_n prepare_v for_o the_o royal_a stamp_n the_o last_o form_v of_o which_o as_o well_o enforce_v whereof_o must_v be_v leave_v to_o the_o prince_n judgement_n i_o can_v see_v why_o the_o supreme_a magistrate_n who_o confess_o have_v a_o power_n to_o confirm_v or_o reject_v their_o decree_n may_v not_o also_o make_v such_o other_o use_v of_o they_o as_o he_o please_v and_o correct_v improve_v or_o otherwise_o alter_v their_o resolution_n according_a to_o his_o own_o like_n before_o he_o give_v authority_n to_o they_o it_o be_v true_a in_o this_o case_n the_o prince_n will_v not_o so_o much_o confirm_v what_o the_o synod_n have_v do_v as_o take_v occasion_n from_o that_o which_o the_o synod_n have_v do_v to_o make_v another_o ecclesiastical_a law_n of_o his_o own_o but_o still_o this_o power_n the_o supreme_a civil_a magistrate_n have_v and_o if_o this_o be_v all_o the_o use_v he_o shall_v think_v fit_a to_o make_v of_o his_o synod_n viz._n to_o suggest_v to_o he_o fit_a matter_n for_o the_o make_n of_o some_o seasonable_a and_o good_a law_n i_o do_v not_o see_v wherein_o he_o can_v be_v account_v to_o abuse_v his_o authority_n and_o sure_o i_o be_o it_o be_v no_o small_a service_n do_v the_o church_n to_o suggest_v such_o thought_n to_o the_o prince_n as_o otherwise_o perhaps_o may_v never_o have_v enter_v into_o his_o mind_n and_o as_o the_o prince_n have_v this_o authority_n 36._o over_o the_o canonical_a resolution_n of_o his_o synod_n so_o have_v he_o no_o less_o over_o their_o judicial_a determination_n which_o 5thly_a he_o may_v either_o confirm_v suspend_v or_o total_o annul_v as_o he_o think_v they_o have_v proceed_v either_o fair_o and_o impartial_o and_o with_o good_a judgement_n or_o else_o hasty_o and_o partial_o and_o with_o prejudice_n in_o they_o for_o the_o prince_n as_o he_o be_v the_o supreme_a fountain_n of_o justice_n in_o the_o state_n so_o do_v it_o appertain_v to_o he_o to_o rectify_v the_o undue_a proceed_n of_o inferior_a judge_n and_o to_o his_o conscience_n there_o will_v always_o lie_v a_o appeal_n let_v the_o synod_n determine_v how_o it_o will_n these_o be_v the_o right_n of_o christian_a prince_n with_o respect_n to_o the_o action_n of_o synod_n after_o they_o have_v do_v their_o business_n and_o that_o these_o have_v all_o be_v confirm_v and_o allow_v of_o to_o they_o by_o such_o assembly_n i_o shall_v now_o proceed_v from_o a_o brief_a history_n of_o this_o matter_n to_o show_v when_o nestorius_n have_v infect_v the_o church_n with_o his_o heresy_n he_o be_v by_o two_o of_o the_o great_a patriarch_n of_o the_o world_n celestine_n bishop_n of_o rome_n and_o cyril_n bishop_n of_o alexandria_n in_o their_o several_a provincial_a synod_n just_o condemn_v unless_o he_o shall_v repent_v of_o his_o error_n within_o ten_o day_n be_v inform_v of_o these_o sentence_n thus_o pass_v against_o he_o he_o apply_v himself_o to_o theodosius_n the_o emperor_n complain_v of_o their_o proceed_n and_o desire_v that_o a_o general_n council_n may_v be_v call_v to_o judge_v of_o this_o matter_n theodosius_n who_o at_o the_o same_o time_n be_v move_v by_o other_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n resolve_v upon_o a_o general_n council_n to_o meet_v at_o ephesus_n and_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n suspend_v the_o decree_n of_o the_o two_o provincial_a synod_n and_o order_n that_o nothing_o shall_v be_v innovate_v till_o that_o council_n shall_v meet_v and_o when_o the_o council_n be_v meet_v the_o father_n be_v so_o far_o from_o complain_v of_o this_o suspension_n as_o a_o hard_a thing_n that_o they_o appoint_v the_o emperor_n order_n to_o be_v insert_v into_o their_o act_n and_o thereby_o give_v
the_o king_n behalf_n the_o affair_n then_o which_o the_o convocation_n be_v in_o general_a to_o debate_v about_o and_o consent_n to_o be_v the_o urgent_a affair_n which_o concern_v the_o king_n the_o church_n and_o the_o realm_n and_o these_o therefore_o be_v the_o constant_a introduction_n of_o every_o convocation_n write_v but_o what_o those_o affair_n be_v with_o reference_n to_o any_o or_o all_o of_o these_o which_o every_o particular_a convocation_n be_v call_v to_o consider_v that_o the_o king_n reserve_v to_o himself_o to_o declare_v to_o they_o and_o they_o be_v when_o meet_v to_o expect_v his_o special_a direction_n and_o not_o to_o ramble_v after_o their_o own_o fancy_n on_o any_o matter_n within_o this_o general_a compass_n without_o his_o warrant_n it_o have_v indeed_o be_v question_v by_o a_o late_a author_n whether_o this_o clause_n be_v 43._o ancient_o insert_v into_o these_o writ_n and_o he_o will_v fain_o have_v it_o think_v that_o herein_o also_o the_o clergy_n have_v of_o late_a be_v encroach_v upon_o but_o the_o form_n of_o public_a instrument_n be_v not_o so_o easy_o alter_v if_o they_o be_v we_o may_v rather_o have_v expect_v that_o some_o other_o expression_n which_o relate_v to_o those_o privilege_n which_o the_o clergy_n former_o enjoy_v but_o which_o have_v now_o for_o a_o long_a time_n be_v utter_o lay_v aside_o shall_v have_v be_v omit_v or_o change_v than_o this_o which_o be_v perfect_o agreeable_a both_o to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o to_o his_o majesty_n royal_a prerogative_n in_o these_o matter_n but_o indeed_o this_o clause_n if_o not_o as_o ancient_a as_o the_o writ_n itself_o be_v yet_o of_o very_o great_a antiquity_n and_o we_o have_v at_o this_o day_n writ_n as_o far_o back_o as_o iu._n king_n henry_n the_o sixth_n time_n in_o which_o this_o clause_n be_v find_v in_o the_o very_a same_o word_n that_o it_o be_v continue_v in_o at_o this_o day_n but_o be_v there_o any_o doubt_n to_o be_v make_v 10._o concern_v the_o authority_n of_o this_o clause_n yet_o that_o method_n that_o have_v always_o be_v take_v by_o the_o king_n to_o set_v the_o convocation_n on_o work_n will_v be_v more_o than_o enough_o to_o show_v how_o entire_o their_o deliberation_n depend_v upon_o his_o direction_n when_o the_o last_o convocation_n under_o his_o present_a majesty_n be_v meet_v the_o king_n by_o his_o principal_a secretary_n of_o state_n send_v his_o commission_n to_o they_o in_o which_o have_v take_v notice_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o henry_n the_o eight_o before_o mention_v and_o the_o obligation_n which_o be_v thereby_o lay_v upon_o they_o not_o to_o proceed_v to_o any_o business_n without_o his_o licence_n first_o have_v so_o to_o do_v he_o do_v therefore_o in_o order_n to_o their_o proceed_n with_o safety_n to_o themselves_o and_o pursuant_n to_o the_o true_a purpose_n and_o intent_n of_o that_o law_n particular_o declare_v upon_o what_o point_n he_o allow_v they_o to_o consult_v and_o under_o what_o condition_n he_o give_v they_o authority_n so_o to_o do_v that_o they_o shall_v consider_v of_o any_o alteration_n which_o they_o think_v proper_a to_o be_v make_v in_o the_o form_n rite_n or_o ceremony_n of_o our_o divine_a service_n that_o they_o shall_v review_n the_o book_n of_o canon_n shall_v consider_v what_o defect_n or_o abuse_n may_v be_v find_v in_o the_o ecclesiastical_a court_n how_o the_o manner_n both_o of_o the_o minister_n and_o people_n may_v more_o effectual_o be_v reform_v and_o such_o provision_n be_v make_v that_o none_o shall_v hereafter_o be_v admit_v into_o holy_a order_n but_o such_o as_o be_v due_o qualify_v both_o in_o their_o life_n and_o learning_n to_o be_v receive_v into_o the_o same_o these_o be_v the_o head_n on_o which_o the_o clergy_n of_o that_o convocation_n be_v direct_v to_o debate_v and_o even_o upon_o these_o they_o be_v to_o deliberate_v under_o these_o follow_a restriction_n one_a that_o the_o precedent_n and_o great_a number_n of_o the_o bishop_n be_v to_o be_v always_o present_a and_o two_o that_o even_o upon_o these_o general_a head_n they_o shall_v consider_v only_o such_o particular_a point_n matter_n cause_n or_o thing_n as_o his_o majesty_n shall_v propose_v or_o cause_n to_o be_v propose_v by_o the_o precedent_n of_o the_o convocation_n to_o them_o such_o be_v the_o commission_n by_o which_o the_o last_o convocation_n be_v set_v on_o work_n and_o to_o prepare_v the_o particular_a matter_n which_o the_o king_n reserve_v to_o himself_o to_o propose_v to_o they_o and_o upon_o which_o alone_o they_o be_v allow_v to_o debate_v his_o majesty_n some_o time_n before_o the_o convocation_n be_v to_o meet_v appoint_v a_o select_a committee_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o clergy_n to_o consult_v about_o the_o same_o matter_n and_o to_o draw_v up_o such_o resolution_n as_o they_o shall_v think_v most_o fit_v for_o he_o to_o lay_v before_o the_o convocation_n when_o it_o shall_v be_v assemble_v nor_o be_v this_o any_o new_a invention_n any_o unusual_a restraint_n lay_v upon_o the_o clergy_n in_o these_o day_n of_o doubt_n and_o distrust_n but_o the_o constant_a method_n which_o have_v before_o be_v pursue_v ever_o since_o the_o 25_o hen._n 8._o it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o that_o whatever_o 11._o his_o present_a majesty_n may_v in_o some_o man_n opinion_n be_v say_v to_o be_v yet_o without_o all_o question_n king_n charles_n the_o first_o be_v a_o true_a friend_n to_o the_o episcopal_a clergy_n nor_o can_v it_o any_o more_o be_v doubt_v whether_o archbishop_n laud_n have_v not_o both_o care_n enough_o to_o examine_v into_o the_o right_n of_o the_o convocation_n and_o interest_n enough_o with_o that_o prince_n to_o assert_v the_o privilege_n of_o it_o let_v we_o therefore_o to_o avoid_v all_o exception_n in_o this_o case_n inquire_v how_o thing_n pass_v in_o that_o famous_a convocation_n of_o 1640_o wherein_o much_o be_v do_v and_o great_a offence_n give_v to_o those_o who_o resolve_v not_o to_o be_v please_v with_o any_o thing_n that_o either_o that_o king_n or_o that_o archbishop_n do_v but_o nothing_o that_o can_v just_o be_v find_v fault_n with_o by_o such_o as_o we_o be_v now_o especial_o concern_v if_o it_o may_v be_v to_o convince_v now_o that_o convocation_n be_v meet_v by_o virtue_n of_o the_o same_o writ_n that_o be_v still_o make_v use_n of_o in_o these_o case_n the_o king_n send_v his_o special_a commission_n to_o they_o to_o empower_v they_o to_o act_n bear_v date_n april_n 15._o 1640._o in_o this_o commission_n he_o first_o at_o large_a recite_v appâ—n_n the_o statute_n of_o the_o 25_o hen._n 8._o as_o from_o the_o time_n that_o it_o be_v make_v it_o have_v always_o be_v the_o custom_n in_o the_o like_a commission_n to_o do_v to_o show_v the_o need_n they_o have_v of_o his_o royal_a licence_n and_o assent_v to_o enable_v they_o to_o go_v on_o with_o safety_n in_o their_o debate_n and_o resolution_n have_v do_v this_o he_o in_o the_o next_o place_n preface_v the_o permission_n he_o be_v about_o to_o grant_v to_o they_o with_o these_o very_a word_n which_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v omit_v know_v you_o therefore_o that_o we_o for_o divers_a urgent_a and_o weighty_a cause_n and_o consideration_n we_o thereunto_o move_v of_o our_o especial_a grace_n certain_a knowledge_n and_o mere_a motion_n have_v by_o virtue_n of_o our_o prerogative_n royal_a and_o supreme_a authority_n in_o cause_n ecclesiastical_a give_v and_o grant_v and_o by_o these_o present_n do_v give_v and_o grant_v full_a free_a and_o lawful_a liberty_n licence_n power_n and_o authority_n to_o the_o most_o reverend_a father_n in_o god_n etc._n etc._n i_o shall_v not_o need_v to_o make_v any_o remark_n upon_o this_o preamble_n which_o full_o answer_v all_o the_o pretence_n of_o those_o who_o fancy_v not_o only_o the_o sit_v but_o the_o act_v too_o of_o the_o convocation_n to_o be_v a_o matter_n of_o right_n natural_o bel_v to_o they_o and_o that_o either_o no_o commission_n at_o all_o be_v needful_a to_o authorize_v they_o so_o to_o do_v or_o that_o if_o there_o be_v the_o king_n be_v of_o course_n oblige_v to_o grant_v it_o to_o they_o for_o first_o that_o without_o the_o king_n commission_n they_o can_v proceed_v to_o any_o business_n of_o themselves_o without_o violate_v a_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o encroach_a upon_o the_o king_n prerogative_n royol_n and_o supreme_a authority_n in_o case_n ecclesiastical_a be_v here_o direct_o assert_v and_o that_o such_o a_o commission_n the_o king_n may_v lawful_o grant_v or_o refuse_v as_o he_o think_v convenient_a not_o only_o the_o constant_a custom_n of_o our_o prince_n in_o adjourn_v their_o convocation_n except_v only_o at_o such_o time_n as_o they_o have_v something_o for_o they_o to_o do_v assure_v we_o but_o the_o very_a word_n of_o the_o present_a commission_n direct_o imply_v for_o how_o come_v the_o king_n to_o grant_v this_o
allowance_n to_o they_o be_v it_o because_o they_o have_v a_o right_a to_o demand_v it_o or_o that_o he_o have_v no_o right_a to_o refuse_v it_o be_v it_o because_o it_o have_v always_o be_v customary_a for_o they_o to_o sit_v when_o the_o parliament_n meet_v and_o to_o have_v such_o a_o commission_n send_v to_o they_o as_o often_o as_o they_o sit_v nothing_o of_o all_o this_o but_o for_o divers_a urgent_a and_o weighty_a cause_n and_o consideration_n he_o thereunto_o especial_o move_v out_o of_o his_o especial_a grace_n and_o mere_a motion_n that_o he_o grant_v it_o by_o virtue_n of_o his_o royal_a prerogative_n and_o of_o that_o supreme_a authority_n in_o cause_n ecclesiastical_a which_o give_v he_o the_o same_o power_n over_o his_o clergy_n that_o all_o other_o christian_a prince_n be_v wont_a to_o exercise_v over_o they_o and_o which_o how_o great_a it_o be_v as_o to_o these_o matter_n i_o have_v before_o particular_o show_v but_o to_o go_v on_o with_o this_o commission_n the_o king_n have_v thus_o assert_v his_o authority_n now_o by_o virtue_n thereof_o give_v leave_n to_o that_o convocation_n always_o provide_v that_o the_o precedent_n and_o great_a number_n of_o the_o bishop_n be_v present_a during_o the_o session_n of_o the_o parliament_n then_o assemble_v to_o propose_v confer_v treat_n debate_n consider_v consult_v or_o agree_v upon_o the_o exposition_n or_o alteration_n of_o any_o canon_n or_o canon_n then_o in_o force_n and_o of_o and_o upon_o any_o such_o other_o new_a canon_n order_n ordinance_n and_o constitution_n as_o they_o shall_v think_v necessary_a fit_a and_o convenient_a for_o the_o honour_n and_o service_n of_o almighty_n god_n the_o good_a and_o quiet_a of_o the_o church_n and_o the_o better_a government_n thereof_o to_o be_v from_o time_n to_o time_n observe_v fulfil_v and_o keep_v etc._n etc._n and_o further_o to_o confer_v debate_v treat_n consider_v consult_v and_o agree_v of_o and_o upon_o such_o other_o point_n matter_n cause_n and_o thing_n as_o himself_o from_o time_n to_o time_n shall_v deliver_v or_o cause_v to_o be_v deliver_v unto_o the_o say_a lord_n bishop_n of_o canterbury_n precedent_n of_o the_o say_a convocation_n under_o his_o sign_n manual_n or_o privy_a signet_n to_o be_v debate_v consider_v consult_v and_o conclude_v upon_o this_o be_v the_o business_n for_o which_o that_o convocation_n sit_v and_o which_o they_o be_v according_o license_v to_o enter_v upon_o but_o the_o restriction_n under_o which_o they_o be_v allow_v to_o act_n be_v yet_o more_o narrow_a than_o those_o which_o his_o present_a majesty_n lay_v upon_o our_o late_a convocation_n for_o all_o this_o they_o be_v require_v to_o do_v not_o only_o under_o the_o same_o condition_n that_o i_o have_v beforeshew_v be_v lay_v upon_o the_o other_o but_o with_o these_o further_a limitation_n namely_o that_o the_o say_a canon_n order_n ordinance_n constitution_n matter_n and_o thing_n or_o any_o of_o they_o so_o to_o be_v consider_v consult_v and_o agree_v upon_o as_o aforesaid_a shall_v not_o be_v contrary_a or_o repugnant_a to_o the_o liturgy_n establish_v or_o to_o the_o rubric_n in_o it_o or_o to_o the_o 39_o article_n or_o to_o any_o doctrine_n order_n and_o ceremony_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n already_o establish_v thus_o do_v this_o prince_n give_v such_o order_n for_o the_o proceed_n of_o this_o convocation_n as_o he_o think_v expedient_a to_o be_v observe_v by_o them_o and_o when_o for_o the_o more_o effectual_a suppress_n and_o prevent_v of_o the_o growth_n of_o popery_n he_o resolve_v a_o oath_n shall_v be_v frame_v for_o the_o clergy_n to_o take_v of_o their_o firm_a adherence_n to_o the_o doctrine_n and_o discipline_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n and_o that_o a_o canon_n shall_v be_v draw_v to_o enforce_v the_o take_n of_o it_o he_o send_v a_o new_a order_n to_o they_o may_v 17_o to_o empower_v they_o to_o enter_v on_o that_o debate_n and_o to_o require_v they_o to_o prepare_v and_o present_v such_o a_o oath_n and_o canon_n to_o he_o but_o other_o prince_n have_v go_v yet_o far_o than_o this_o they_o have_v not_o only_o prescribe_v 12._o to_o their_o convocation_n what_o they_o shall_v go_v about_o but_o have_v actual_o draw_v up_o beforehand_o what_o they_o think_v convenient_a to_o have_v establish_v and_o have_v require_v they_o to_o approve_v of_o it_o in_o the_o convocation_n which_o meet_v may_n 18_o 1_o jac._n 1_o the_o king_n send_v his_o letter_n with_o the_o article_n of_o 1562_o to_o they_o to_o be_v approve_v and_o allow_v of_o by_o them_o and_o to_o another_o convocation_n about_o four_o year_n after_o the_o same_o prince_n signify_v to_o both_o house_n his_o pleasure_n for_o sing_v and_o organ_n service_n to_o be_v settle_v in_o cathedral_n church_n without_o ever_o submit_v it_o to_o their_o judgement_n whether_o they_o approve_v of_o it_o or_o no._n i_o shall_v conclude_v these_o remark_n with_o the_o opinion_n which_o the_o low_a house_n of_o convocation_n have_v of_o the_o necessity_n of_o the_o king_n authority_n to_o empower_v they_o to_o enter_v with_o security_n on_o their_o debate_n about_o matter_n of_o religion_n in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o six_o at_o the_o first_o meet_v of_o which_o we_o find_v this_o order_n among_o some_o other_o make_v by_o they_o that_o certain_a be_v appoint_v to_o know_v whether_o the_o archbishop_n have_v obtain_v indemnity_n for_o the_o house_n to_o entreat_v of_o matter_n of_o religion_n in_o case_n forbid_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o this_o realm_n to_o treat_v in_o but_o there_o be_v another_o particular_a in_o 13._o which_o i_o have_v before_o show_v that_o christian_a prince_n have_v upon_o occasion_n exercise_v a_o eminent_a authority_n over_o their_o synod_n whilst_o for_o the_o better_a observance_n of_o the_o order_n which_o they_o give_v to_o them_o they_o assert_v a_o right_a either_o in_o person_n or_o by_o their_o commissioner_n to_o sit_v with_o and_o to_o preside_v over_o them_o that_o our_o king_n heretofore_o do_v meet_v and_o sit_v together_o with_o their_o clergy_n be_v not_o to_o be_v deny_v and_o our_o great_a oracle_n of_o the_o law_n have_v tell_v we_o that_o they_o do_v oftentimes_o appoint_v commissioner_n by_o writ_n to_o 323._o sit_v with_o they_o at_o the_o convocation_n and_o to_o have_v conusance_n of_o such_o thing_n as_o they_o mean_v to_o establish_v that_o nothing_o may_v be_v do_v in_o prejudice_n of_o their_o authority_n it_o be_v true_a since_o the_o restriction_n lay_v upon_o 19_o the_o clergy_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o k._n henry_n 8_o the_o king_n be_v now_o become_v so_o secure_a of_o they_o that_o he_o have_v no_o great_a need_n to_o send_v any_o such_o commissioner_n to_o they_o to_o regulate_v their_o proceed_n for_o be_v neither_o at_o liberty_n to_o enter_v upon_o any_o synodical_a act_n but_o what_o he_o give_v they_o leave_v to_o go_v upon_o nor_o when_o they_o have_v conclude_v upon_o any_o point_n be_v allow_v to_o promulge_v or_o put_v it_o in_o execution_n unless_o it_o shall_v be_v approve_v of_o and_o confirm_v by_o he_o he_o have_v nothing_o leave_v to_o apprehend_v from_o they_o but_o be_v by_o his_o commission_n as_o effectual_o precedent_n over_o their_o debate_n as_o if_o he_o be_v present_a in_o person_n among_o they_o and_o yet_o though_o this_o act_n have_v therefore_o render_v the_o exercise_n of_o such_o a_o authority_n less_o necessary_a than_o it_o be_v before_o it_o have_v not_o deprive_v the_o king_n of_o it_o for_o even_o after_o the_o pass_v of_o this_o statute_n k._n henry_n 8_o by_o his_o vicar_n general_n not_o only_o preside_v together_o with_o the_o archbishop_n over_o the_o convocation_n but_o deliberate_v voted_n and_o to_o all_o intent_n and_o purpose_n act_v together_o with_o his_o clergy_n in_o it_o this_o be_v manifest_a from_o the_o act_n of_o the_o convocation_n of_o the_o year_n 1536_o and_o of_o which_o it_o may_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o give_v a_o short_a account_n upon_o this_o occasion_n upon_o the_o 9th_o day_n of_o june_n 1536._o mr._n william_n peter_n come_v into_o the_o convocation_n and_o allege_v that_o for_o as_o much_o as_o this_o synod_n be_v call_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o most_o illustrious_a prince_n k._n henry_n 8_o and_o that_o the_o say_a prince_n ought_v to_o have_v the_o first_o place_n in_o the_o say_a convocation_n and_o in_o his_o absence_n the_o honourable_a master_n thomas_n cromwell_n his_o vicegerent_n be_v vicar_n general_n in_o ecclesiastical_a cause_n aught_o to_o possess_v his_o place_n therefore_o he_o desire_v that_o the_o say_a place_n may_v be_v assign_v to_o he_o and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n present_v his_o say_a master_n letter_n seal_v with_o the_o seal_n of_o his_o office_n as_o vicar_n general_n which_o be_v read_v the_o most_o reverend_a the_o archbishop_n assign_v he_o a_o place_n beside_o
heretic_n be_v privy_o get_v into_o 13._o england_n he_o command_v a_o council_n of_o bishop_n to_o meet_v at_o oxford_n and_o to_o call_v they_o before_o they_o and_o be_v according_o convict_v by_o they_o they_o be_v public_o punish_v by_o the_o civil_a power_n by_o who_o authority_n the_o next_o convention_n 1162._o of_o the_o clergy_n be_v assemble_v the_o year_n follow_v it_o do_v not_o appear_v certain_a it_o be_v that_o in_o the_o election_n of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n for_o which_o they_o meet_v all_o be_v manage_v to_o the_o king_n be_v content_a and_o the_o person_n choose_v who_o he_o recommend_v to_o they_o after_o the_o death_n of_o becket_n richard_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n hold_v a_o provincial_a council_n at_o this_o the_o two_o king_n both_o 338._o father_n and_o son_n be_v present_a and_o all_o thing_n be_v do_v not_o only_o under_o their_o inspection_n but_o the_o very_a council_n be_v hold_v with_o their_o consent_n and_o good_a will_n and_o the_o king_n with_o his_o lord_n confirm_v the_o decree_n of_o it_o how_o these_o matter_n flood_n in_o the_o next_o reign_n it_o will_v not_o be_v very_o easy_a to_o say_v i_o in_o which_o the_o king_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n absent_a upon_o his_o expedition_n to_o the_o holy_a land_n and_o by_o the_o mean_n whereof_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o kingdom_n suffer_v not_o a_o little_a at_o home_n yet_o baldwyn_n the_o archbishop_n 145._o design_v to_o accompany_v the_o king_n before_o he_o set_v out_o assemble_v a_o provincial_a synod_n to_o settle_v the_o state_n of_o the_o church_n and_o to_o take_v such_o care_n as_o he_o think_v needful_a to_o secure_v the_o liberty_n of_o his_o see_n it_o be_v not_o long_o after_o that_o william_n 161._o bishop_n of_o eli_n hold_v another_o synod_n at_o westminster_n but_o he_o be_v endue_v with_o the_o double_a character_n both_o of_o lord_n justice_n of_o the_o kingdom_n in_o richard_n absence_n and_o of_o the_o pope_n legate_n as_o we_o can_v tell_v by_o which_o authority_n he_o call_v it_o so_o neither_o can_v it_o be_v doubt_v but_o that_o between_o both_o he_o have_v a_o sufficient_a authority_n so_o to_o do_v and_o the_o same_o be_v the_o case_n of_o hubert_n 19_o after_o who_o be_v empower_v both_o by_o the_o king_n and_o pope_n assemble_v a_o synod_n at_o york_n preside_v in_o it_o and_o make_v many_o useful_a constitution_n for_o the_o government_n of_o the_o church_n thus_o stand_v the_o affair_n of_o our_o convocation_n 〈◊〉_d in_o these_o two_o reign_n we_o must_v now_o go_v on_o to_o another_o prospect_n to_o a_o reign_n in_o which_o through_o the_o ill_a circumstance_n of_o the_o government_n and_o the_o trouble_n that_o fall_v out_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o it_o the_o pope_n according_a to_o his_o custom_n make_v far_a invasion_n upon_o the_o prince_n right_n and_o at_o last_o raise_v up_o his_o authority_n to_o the_o high_a pitch_n that_o ever_o it_o arrive_v at_o in_o this_o kingdom_n the_o king_n be_v absent_a upon_o his_o affair_n b._n in_o france_n and_o hubert_n still_o enjoy_v his_o legatine_n power_n by_o virtue_n thereof_o call_v a_o synod_n to_o westminster_n anno_fw-la 1200_o and_o though_o forbid_v by_o geoffry_n earl_n of_o essex_n who_o the_o king_n have_v leave_v as_o lord_n justice_n of_o england_n during_o his_o absence_n yet_o nevertheless_o go_v on_o with_o it_o and_o make_v several_a constitution_n in_o it_o it_o be_v about_o six_o year_n after_o that_o jo._n 1206._o ferentinus_n be_v send_v as_o legate_n into_o england_n and_o have_v get_v together_o a_o vast_a quantity_n of_o money_n hold_v a_o synod_n at_o redding_n and_o so_o take_v his_o leave_n of_o the_o realm_n from_o henceforth_o all_o thing_n begin_v to_o run_v into_o confusion_n the_o king_n obstinate_o oppose_v the_o admission_n of_o stephen_n langton_n to_o the_o see_v of_o canterbury_n and_o the_o pope_n thereupon_o put_v the_o kingdom_n under_o a_o interdict_v and_o at_o last_o excommunicate_v the_o king_n himself_o but_o it_o be_v not_o long_o before_o the_o pope_n and_o the_o king_n come_v to_o a_o agreement_n dishonourable_a to_o himself_o and_o derogatory_n to_o the_o right_n both_o of_o the_o crown_n and_o kingdom_n insomuch_o that_o stephen_n himself_o oppose_v it_o and_o join_v himself_o to_o the_o baron_n against_o both_o pope_n and_o king_n in_o defence_n of_o his_o country_n liberty_n it_o be_v upon_o this_o new_a agreement_n between_o the_o king_n and_o pope_n that_o john_n do_v what_o he_o will_v with_o the_o preferment_n of_o the_o church_n the_o archbishop_n hold_v a_o council_n at_o dunstable_n anno_fw-la 1214_o 1214._o and_o depute_v two_o of_o their_o number_n to_o go_v to_o the_o legate_n who_o the_o pope_n on_o that_o occasion_n have_v send_v hither_o to_o stop_v both_o he_o and_o the_o king_n proceed_n by_o put_v in_o a_o appeal_n against_o they_o both_o to_o the_o court_n of_o rome_n and_o the_o same_o ib._n year_n the_o say_a legate_n have_v receive_v full_a satisfaction_n from_o the_o king_n and_o be_v therefore_o to_o relax_v the_o sentence_n which_o have_v pass_v both_o upon_o he_o and_o the_o kingdom_n that_o he_o may_v do_v it_o with_o the_o more_o pomp_n cause_v a_o solemn_a council_n to_o be_v hold_v at_o st._n paul_n london_n and_o there_o release_v the_o realm_n from_o its_o interdict_v and_o restore_v the_o king_n to_o his_o royal_a authority_n and_o here_o we_o must_v put_v a_o end_n to_o iii_o these_o inquiry_n during_o this_o troublesome_a reign_n for_o from_o henceforth_o the_o kingdom_n be_v in_o a_o continual_a disorder_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o which_o the_o king_n at_o last_o died_z but_o though_o by_o the_o wise_a management_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o pembroke_n his_o governor_n king_n kenry_n the_o 3d._n soon_o bring_v thing_n into_o a_o better_a posture_n in_o the_o state_n yet_o still_o the_o usurpation_n be_v maintain_v in_o the_o church_n and_o the_o archbishop_n as_o legate_z continued_z to_z summon_v the_o clergy_n to_o his_o synod_n so_o do_v stephen_n langton_n anno_fw-la 1222_o in_o which_o he_o hold_v his_o famous_a 464._o synod_n at_o oxford_n and_o publish_v those_o constitution_n which_o still_o pass_v under_o his_o name_n about_o four_o year_n after_o otto_n the_o legate_n come_v hither_o to_o enlarge_v the_o pope_n revenue_n before_o too_o great_a in_o this_o kingdom_n hold_v a_o council_n at_o westminster_n the_o 1226._o day_n after_o hilary_n and_o propose_v to_o the_o clergy_n the_o project_n upon_o which_o he_o come_v to_o avoid_v the_o design_n he_o have_v upon_o they_o the_o bishop_n make_v answer_v that_o the_o king_n be_v indispose_v be_v absent_a and_o several_a of_o their_o brethren_n be_v not_o come_v to_o the_o synod_n and_o so_o they_o can_v resolve_v upon_o nothing_o for_o want_n of_o them_o the_o legate_n who_o understand_v the_o meaning_n of_o this_o propose_v to_o they_o that_o they_o shall_v at_o least_o agree_v to_o another_o meeting_n about_o midlent_a and_o he_o will_v undertake_v that_o the_o king_n shall_v come_v to_o it_o but_o the_o bishop_n reply_v that_o without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o king_n and_o their_o brethren_n who_o be_v absent_a they_o can_v not_o agree_v to_o any_o such_o proposal_n and_o the_o king_n himself_o forbid_v all_o who_o hold_v any_o barony_n of_o he_o to_o do_v any_o thing_n in_o prejudice_n of_o his_o right_n so_o zealous_a be_v these_o man_n for_o the_o king_n prerogative_n when_o they_o need_v it_o to_o guard_v they_o against_o the_o encroachment_n of_o the_o pope_n and_o so_o little_a do_v man_n value_v how_o different_o they_o behave_v themselves_o when_o their_o interest_n lead_v they_o to_o shift_v their_o party_n and_o their_o opinion_n but_o though_o the_o king_n now_o join_v with_o 1237._o his_o clergy_n against_o the_o pope_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o very_o long_o before_o he_o himself_o invite_v the_o same_o otho_n to_o come_v again_o as_o legate_z into_o england_n who_o be_v according_o come_v hither_o hold_v a_o legantine_n council_n at_o st._n paul_n london_n in_o the_o octave_n of_o 1237._o st._n martin_n to_o reform_v the_o abuse_n of_o plurality_n and_o some_o other_o enormity_n that_o be_v creep_v into_o the_o church_n and_o there_o propose_v his_o constitution_n to_o the_o clergy_n that_o so_o by_o their_o suffrage_n and_o consent_n they_o may_v be_v establish_v for_o the_o reformation_n of_o the_o state_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n i_o insist_v not_o upon_o the_o two_o fresh_a attempt_n that_o be_v make_v by_o this_o legate_n upon_o the_o clergy_n for_o money_n and_o in_o both_o which_o he_o be_v constant_o refuse_v by_o they_o as_o be_v also_o rustandus_fw-la who_o succeed_v 915._o he_o and_o by_o the_o like_a authority_n call_v another_o synod_n to_o fleece_v the_o clergy_n for_o the_o pope_n advantage_n about_o three_o year_n after_o boniface_n
but_o there_o be_v another_o respect_n under_o which_o the_o clergy_n in_o convocation_n may_v be_v consider_v and_o of_o which_o it_o will_v therefore_o be_v necessary_a for_o i_o to_o give_v also_o some_o account_n before_o i_o go_v on_o to_o take_v any_o particular_a view_n of_o what_o be_v do_v by_o they_o under_o this_o capacity_n i_o have_v before_o say_v that_o when_o the_o king_n order_v his_o writ_n to_o be_v issue_v out_o for_o call_v a_o parliament_n he_o do_v at_o the_o same_o time_n direct_v two_o other_o to_o be_v send_v to_o the_o two_o archbishop_n to_o summon_v the_o clergy_n of_o their_o respective_a province_n to_o meet_v together_o about_o the_o same_o time_n and_o it_o will_v be_v necessary_a for_o i_o in_o the_o first_o place_n to_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o difference_n there_o be_v between_o these_o two_o kind_n of_o summons_n because_o that_o by_o that_o we_o shall_v be_v able_a the_o better_a to_o judge_v what_o be_v intend_v by_o each_o of_o them_o first_o then_o the_o parliamentary-writ_a be_v send_v distinct_o to_o every_o bishop_n immediate_o from_o the_o king_n and_o the_o bishop_n be_v thereby_o require_v to_o summon_v the_o clergy_n of_o his_o diocese_n to_o go_v along_o with_o he_o to_o parliament_n whereas_o the_o convocation-writ_a be_v send_v only_o to_o the_o archbishop_n and_o he_o by_o the_o bishop_n of_o london_n send_v to_o the_o other_o bishop_n of_o his_o province_n to_o meet_v he_o with_o their_o clergy_n in_o convocation_n according_a to_o the_o king_n command_n and_o sometime_o the_o archbishop_n heretofore_o summon_v they_o only_o by_o his_o own_o authority_n 2._o by_o the_o parliamentary-writ_a the_o bishop_n and_o clergy_n of_o each_o diocese_n be_v to_o come_v to_o the_o place_n where_o the_o parliament_n be_v intend_v to_o be_v open_v and_o upon_o the_o day_n appoint_v for_o the_o assemble_v of_o it_o by_o the_o convocation-writ_a they_o be_v call_v to_o the_o chapterhouse_n at_o paul_n or_o to_o such_o other_o place_n as_o the_o archbishop_n appoint_v and_o that_o oftentimes_o heretofore_o on_o some_o other_o day_n than_o that_o on_o which_o the_o parliament_n begin_v 3._o the_o parliamentary-writ_a summon_v they_o to_o come_v to_o parliament_n there_o to_o treat_v etc._n etc._n with_o the_o king_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o prelate_n and_o lord_n and_o other_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o realm_n concern_v the_o urgent_a affair_n that_o be_v there_o to_o be_v deliberate_v of_o with_o respect_n to_o the_o king_n the_o realm_n and_o the_o state_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n the_o convocation-writ_a call_v they_o to_o consult_v only_o among_o themselves_o and_o that_o as_o they_o shall_v be_v direct_v by_o the_o king_n when_o they_o come_v together_o 4._o by_o the_o parliamentary-writ_a only_o the_o dean_n archdeacon_n and_o proctor_n of_o the_o clergy_n be_v summon_v but_o the_o convocation-writ_a with_o these_o call_v the_o regular_a dignitary_n too_o omnes_fw-la abbates_n priores_fw-la etc._n etc._n tam_fw-la exemptos_fw-la quam_fw-la non_fw-la exemptos_fw-la and_o so_o give_v many_o a_o place_n in_o convocation_n that_o have_v nothing_o to_o do_v in_o the_o parliament_n 5._o last_o by_o the_o parliamentary-writ_a they_o be_v ever_o to_o meet_v at_o the_o very_a precise_a time_n the_o parliament_n do_v by_o the_o other_o they_o not_o only_o do_v not_o meet_v always_o at_o the_o same_o precise_a time_n but_o very_o often_o at_o such_o time_n as_o no_o parliament_n be_v sit_v which_o be_v the_o case_n of_o the_o most_o ancient_a convocation-writ_a i_o have_v 〈◊〉_d meet_v with_o of_o the_o 9_o edw._n ii_o and_o according_a to_o which_o the_o convocation_n sit_v febr._n 17_o whereas_o the_o parliament_n meet_v the_o october_n before_o it_o be_v therefore_o as_o plain_a as_o any_o thing_n 51._o can_v well_o be_v that_o the_o convocation_n of_o the_o clergy_n consider_v as_o call_v by_o the_o parliamentary-writ_n and_o sit_v by_o virtue_n of_o they_o and_o the_o convocation_n consider_v as_o summon_v by_o the_o convocation-writ_a and_o the_o order_n of_o the_o archbishop_n consequent_a thereupon_o be_v in_o their_o nature_n and_o constitution_n two_o different_a assembly_n and_o which_o by_o no_o mean_n aught_o to_o be_v confound_v together_o the_o great_a question_n be_v what_o the_o nature_n of_o this_o convocation_n as_o distinguish_v from_o the_o parliamentary-convention_n be_v and_o what_o the_o design_n of_o their_o meeting_n original_o be_v have_v these_o convocation_n be_v always_o assemble_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o archbishop_n without_o any_o writ_n from_o the_o king_n as_o oftentimes_o heretofore_o they_o be_v and_o have_v they_o meddle_v only_o with_o ecclesiastical_a matter_n when_o they_o meet_v it_o will_v have_v be_v no_o hard_a matter_n to_o give_v a_o plain_a and_o certain_a answer_n to_o this_o enquiry_n because_o in_o that_o case_n it_o will_v have_v be_v evident_a that_o these_o convocation_n be_v no_o other_o than_o provincial_a synod_n which_o the_o archbishop_n take_v occasion_n to_o assemble_v for_o the_o ease_n of_o the_o clergy_n and_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o church_n at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o they_o be_v otherwise_o require_v to_o come_v together_o for_o the_o business_n of_o the_o state_n and_o this_o use_v our_o king_n be_v wont_n sometime_o to_o make_v of_o them_o they_o refer_v ecclesiastical_a matter_n to_o they_o and_o advise_v with_o they_o in_o thing_n pertain_v to_o religion_n but_o as_o the_o form_n of_o their_o summons_n entitle_v they_o to_o meet_v upon_o some_o urgent_a affair_n which_o concern_v not_o only_o the_o security_n and_o defence_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n but_o of_o the_o king_n too_o and_o the_o peace_n and_o tranquillity_n the_o public_a good_a and_o defence_n of_o the_o kingdom_n so_o the_o main_a design_n our_o prince_n seem_v to_o have_v have_v in_o assemble_v these_o convocation_n either_o at_o the_o same_o time_n they_o do_v their_o parliament_n or_o not_o long_o after_o be_v to_o get_v money_n from_o they_o that_o so_o in_o a_o much_o full_a body_n of_o the_o clergy_n than_o what_o usual_o come_v to_o the_o state-council_n and_o consist_v of_o such_o member_n particular_o as_o be_v most_o haâ—d_a to_o be_v deal_v with_o the_o abbot_n and_o 〈◊〉_d they_o may_v either_o obtain_v a_o supply_n from_o the_o clergy_n there_o when_o they_o have_v 〈◊〉_d in_o parliament_n or_o have_v that_o supply_v confirm_v by_o they_o in_o convocation_n which_o have_v before_o be_v grant_v to_o they_o in_o parliament_n nor_o be_v this_o any_o vain_a conjecture_n but_o found_v upon_o a_o general_n observation_n of_o what_o be_v do_v by_o the_o convocation_n when_o it_o meet_v and_o which_o for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o to_o confirm_v or_o make_v a_o order_n for_o money_n and_o even_o upon_o the_o very_a summons_n themselves_o which_o be_v ancient_o send_v to_o they_o and_o in_o which_o the_o cause_n of_o their_o meeting_n be_v oftentimes_o more_o particular_o express_v than_o afterward_o it_o be_v 9_o wont_a to_o be_v i_o shall_v offer_v a_o instance_n of_o this_o in_o that_o ancient_a summons_n before_o mention_v 9_o edw._n ii_o in_o which_o it_o be_v declare_v that_o those_o bishop_n and_o other_o 1â—9_n of_o the_o clergy_n who_o be_v summon_v to_o parliament_n have_v as_o far_o as_o they_o be_v concern_v unanimous_o yield_v to_o a_o subsidy_n but_o so_o that_o other_o of_o the_o clergy_n who_o be_v not_o summon_v to_o parliament_n shall_v meet_v in_o convocation_n and_o consent_v thereto_o and_o that_o for_o this_o cause_n the_o king_n have_v send_v his_o writ_n to_o the_o archbishop_n to_o summon_v all_o prelate_n whether_o religious_a or_o other_o and_o other_o of_o the_o clergy_n of_o his_o province_n to_o meet_v at_o london_n post_v 15_o pasch._n to_o treat_v and_o consent_n of_o the_o matter_n aforesaid_a this_o therefore_o be_v the_o great_a use_n which_o our_o king_n be_v wont_a all_o along_o to_o make_v of_o their_o convocation_n and_o from_o this_o it_o come_v to_o be_v the_o custom_n to_o summon_v they_o for_o the_o most_o part_n as_o often_o as_o the_o parliament_n meet_v and_o generally_n at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o it_o do_v so_o but_o though_o our_o convocation_n therefore_o 52._o even_o as_o ecclesiastical_a synod_n have_v by_o this_o mean_n come_v to_o be_v for_o a_o long_a time_n summon_v at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o the_o parliament_n be_v to_o meet_v yet_o i_o do_v not_o see_v any_o reason_n there_o be_v to_o consine_n they_o so_o close_o to_o such_o a_o season_n as_o to_o make_v it_o absolute_o necessary_a for_o the_o king_n to_o call_v the_o one_o whenever_o he_o do_v the_o other_o indeed_o custom_n which_o in_o such_o case_n aught_o to_o be_v allow_v its_o just_a force_n have_v prevail_v so_o far_o that_o it_o may_v be_v question_v whether_o the_o clergy_n thereby_o have_v not_o a_o right_a to_o
archbishops_n command_v and_o so_o they_o proceed_v to_o the_o business_n for_o which_o they_o be_v call_v and_o here_o then_o we_o have_v a_o full_a representation_n of_o the_o state_n of_o our_o convocation_n and_o how_o it_o be_v manage_v in_o these_o time_n great_a be_v the_o usurpation_n which_o the_o pope_n in_o all_o this_o make_v upon_o the_o king_n authority_n and_o it_o ought_v the_o rather_o to_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o because_o this_o archbishop_n be_v otherwise_o a_o hearty_a friend_n to_o the_o liberty_n of_o his_o country_n and_o have_v a_o true_a respect_n and_o value_n for_o the_o king_n who_o folly_n and_o excess_n wrought_v so_o far_o upon_o he_o that_o they_o be_v at_o last_o think_v to_o have_v break_v his_o heart_n the_o next_o archbishop_n that_o succeed_v he_o as_o he_o come_v in_o by_o the_o pope_n authority_n so_o to_o maintain_v his_o power_n the_o better_a he_o take_v care_n by_o such_o mean_n as_o seldom_o fail_v in_o the_o roman_a court_n to_o gain_v mighty_a privilege_n from_o that_o see_n be_v support_v with_o these_o he_o proceed_v to_o make_v a_o provincial_a visitation_n hold_v several_a synod_n at_o oxford_n lambeth_n and_o in_o other_o place_n and_o in_o one_o at_o westminster_n lynwood_n publish_v his_o provincial_a constitution_n and_o all_o that_o the_o king_n be_v able_a to_o do_v be_v to_o send_v a_o prohibition_n to_o he_o 488._o not_o to_o attempt_v or_o do_v any_o thing_n to_o his_o prejudice_n or_o to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o state_n his_o crown_n or_o kingdom_n as_o for_o simon_n mepham_n who_o succeed_v this_o archbishop_n he_o hold_v some_o few_o synod_n and_o make_v some_o provincial_a constitution_n in_o neither_o of_o which_o there_o be_v any_o thing_n extraordinary_a to_o be_v observe_v and_o the_o same_o must_v be_v say_v of_o the_o convocation_n hold_v by_o archbishop_n stratford_n who_o follow_v after_o in_o all_o which_o there_o be_v little_a to_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o more_o than_o 550._o this_o that_o what_o constitution_n be_v make_v by_o they_o he_o order_v to_o be_v observe_v by_o his_o own_o authority_n and_o to_o be_v publish_v by_o the_o clergy_n throughout_o his_o province_n but_o here_o though_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a to_o iii_o our_o present_a purpose_n yet_o it_o may_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o observe_v how_o our_o king_n begin_v by_o degree_n to_o assert_v their_o authority_n and_o to_o put_v a_o stop_n if_o not_o a_o end_n to_o the_o usurpation_n of_o the_o court_n of_o rome_n it_o be_v about_o the_o year_n 1343_o that_o the_o 2583._o pope_n desire_v to_o increase_v his_o revenue_n here_o send_v a_o message_n to_o the_o clergy_n to_o persuade_v they_o out_o of_o the_o two_o province_n of_o canterbury_n and_o york_n to_o maintain_v too_o cardinal_n at_o rome_n this_o be_v bring_v before_o the_o parliament_n it_o be_v resolve_v by_o the_o common_a consent_n of_o that_o great_a council_n to_o let_v the_o pope_n free_o know_v that_o they_o be_v grow_v weary_a of_o his_o imposition_n and_o neither_o can_v nor_o will_v bear_v any_o long_a those_o burden_n which_o he_o be_v continual_o lay_v upon_o the_o kingdom_n for_o which_o end_n it_o be_v also_o resolve_v that_o whosoever_o procure_v any_o benefice_n in_o this_o realm_n by_o virtue_n of_o the_o pope_n provision_n shall_v be_v oblige_v to_o come_v and_o live_v upon_o it_o and_o not_o be_v suffer_v to_o draw_v the_o wealth_n of_o the_o nation_n into_o other_o country_n and_o lest_o this_o shall_v not_o do_v it_o be_v also_o far_o establish_v that_o no_o one_o shall_v be_v admit_v to_o any_o benefice_n upon_o the_o authority_n of_o any_o bull_n from_o rome_n without_o the_o king_n be_v special_a licence_n and_o consent_n and_o all_o the_o lord_n and_o noble_n declare_v that_o if_o the_o pope_n go_v on_o by_o his_o provision_n to_o dispose_v of_o benefice_n whether_o to_o foreigner_n or_o other_o which_o their_o ancestor_n have_v give_v by_o way_n of_o charity_n to_o religious_a person_n to_o pray_v for_o they_o they_o will_v forthwith_o seize_v they_o into_o their_o own_o hand_n and_o dispose_v of_o they_o as_o they_o think_v good_a this_o be_v a_o brisk_a stand_n and_o some_o restraint_n it_o do_v put_v to_o the_o pope_n exorbitancy_n and_o yet_o it_o be_v but_o a_o year_n 2585._o after_o that_o he_o send_v two_o bishop_n to_o the_o king_n to_o prevail_v with_o he_o to_o revoke_v these_o order_n but_o our_o historian_n tell_v we_o that_o they_o receive_v a_o short_a answer_n and_o present_o return_v home_o again_o and_o the_o next_o year_n follow_v the_o king_n put_v a_o 1346_o fine_a upon_o all_o foreign_a clergyman_n and_o take_v of_o every_o one_o according_a as_o they_o be_v able_a to_o give_v it_o will_v be_v too_o long_o for_o i_o to_o say_v how_o far_o this_o great_a king_n follow_v herein_o the_o step_n of_o his_o royal_a grandfather_n king_n edward_n i._o proceed_v to_o maintain_v his_o own_o authority_n and_o the_o liberty_n of_o his_o country_n against_o the_o papal_a encroachment_n i_o shall_v only_o add_v that_o notwithstanding_o all_o the_o endeavour_n of_o the_o court_n of_o rome_n to_o the_o contrary_a he_o constant_o adhere_v to_o the_o law_n make_v etc._n against_o provisor_n etc._n etc._n and_o when_o the_o pope_n publish_v his_o indulgence_n at_o rome_n anno_fw-la 1349_o he_o not_o only_o express_o forbid_v 26â—â—_n any_o of_o his_o subject_n to_o go_v thither_o but_o recall_v those_o who_o be_v already_o there_o but_o to_o return_v to_o our_o convocation_n 5â—_n and_o the_o method_n observe_v in_o hold_v of_o they_o when_o the_o archbishop_n complain_v in_o the_o parliament_n of_o the_o violation_n that_o 597._o be_v make_v of_o the_o privilege_n of_o the_o church_n in_o that_o clergyman_n know_v to_o be_v such_o be_v oftentimes_o force_v to_o appear_v before_o the_o king_n judge_n it_o be_v free_o tell_v he_o that_o in_o this_o nothing_o be_v do_v but_o what_o be_v absolute_o necessary_a to_o the_o peace_n of_o the_o realm_n for_o that_o the_o ordinary_a be_v so_o negligent_a in_o punish_v of_o they_o that_o there_o will_v be_v no_o bound_n set_v to_o their_o excess_n unless_o the_o civil_a magistrate_n take_v some_o care_n to_o restrain_v they_o the_o archbishop_n be_v sensible_a that_o this_o be_v but_o too_o true_a and_o thereupon_o he_o go_v apart_o with_o his_o parliamentary_a clergy_n and_o by_o their_o common_a advice_n and_o consent_n set_v forth_o a_o order_n for_o the_o more_o severe_a confine_n and_o punish_v of_o such_o offender_n as_o for_o the_o other_o synod_n hold_v by_o this_o archbishop_n there_o be_v little_a remarkable_a in_o they_o i_o shall_v not_o need_v to_o insist_v upon_o they_o it_o be_v about_o the_o year_n 1393_o that_o ii_o the_o famous_a statute_n of_o proemunire_n be_v pass_v and_o by_o which_o it_o be_v hope_v that_o a_o effectual_a stop_n will_v have_v be_v put_v to_o the_o usurpation_n of_o the_o see_v of_o rome_n and_o indeed_o it_o have_v be_v say_v by_o some_o that_o from_o this_o time_n forward_o our_o archbishop_n do_v leave_v off_o to_o summon_v convocation_n by_o their_o own_o authority_n and_o call_v they_o only_o at_o the_o king_n command_n but_o though_o i_o be_o not_o altogether_o satisfy_v in_o this_o 53._o particular_a yet_o that_o they_o now_o begin_v to_o be_v more_o moderate_a in_o the_o exercise_n of_o their_o power_n i_o do_v easy_o believe_v and_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o not_o only_o after_o this_o act_n but_o all_o along_o before_o when_o thing_n run_v at_o the_o high_a against_o the_o royal_a prerogative_n yet_o still_o our_o king_n often_o interpose_v their_o authority_n and_o summon_v convocation_n by_o their_o own_o writ_n direct_v to_o the_o archbishop_n as_o they_o still_o continue_v to_o be_v at_o this_o day_n and_o now_o the_o preach_a of_o wickliff_n and_o the_o opinion_n by_o he_o bring_v in_o begin_v to_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o insomuch_o etc._n that_o courtney_n be_v archbishop_n think_v it_o needful_a to_o hold_v a_o synod_n at_o london_n on_o purpose_n to_o pass_v a_o sentence_n of_o condemnation_n upon_o they_o whether_o he_o do_v this_o at_o the_o king_n command_n or_o by_o virtue_n of_o his_o own_o legatine_n authority_n i_o shall_v not_o inquire_v but_o this_o we_o be_v assure_v that_o the_o king_n thereupon_o issue_v out_o his_o order_n for_o the_o arrest_v of_o all_o such_o as_o hold_v any_o heretical_a tenet_n and_o particular_o that_o oppose_v the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o church_n agree_v upon_o in_o that_o convocation_n and_o the_o same_o be_v the_o business_n of_o the_o council_n hold_v by_o arundel_n his_o successor_n first_o at_o oxford_n anno_fw-la 1394_o then_o at_o london_n anno_fw-la 1408._o and_o lest_o the_o order_n 662._o of_o such_o synod_n shall_v not_o be_v sufficient_a to_o put_v a_o stop_n to_o the_o growth_n of_o
convocation_n be_v call_v they_o 44._o shall_v not_o only_o meet_v formal_o but_o sit_v and_o act_n as_o the_o parliament_n do_v that_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o session_n of_o convocation_n as_o well_o as_o a_o session_n of_o parliament_n now_o not_o to_o be_v too_o curious_a in_o examine_v the_o parallel_n here_o offer_v betwixt_o these_o two_o and_o which_o be_v it_o as_o exact_v as_o i_o be_o confident_a it_o be_v not_o will_v yet_o no_o more_o prove_v their_o privilege_n to_o be_v equal_a than_o the_o likeness_n of_o two_o corporation_n in_o have_v a_o mayor_n aldermen_z and_o common-council_n will_v prove_v that_o therefore_o in_o despite_n of_o their_o several_a charter_n they_o must_v have_v all_o the_o same_o privilege_n also_o one_a i_o be_o not_o satisfy_v that_o the_o convocation_n be_v of_o the_o same_o power_n with_o regard_n to_o the_o church_n that_o the_o parliament_n be_v in_o respect_n of_o the_o state_n because_o i_o be_o tell_v by_o very_o good_a lawyer_n that_o the_o convocation_n in_o make_v ecclesiastical_a constitution_n must_v proceed_v by_o certain_a rule_n and_o can_v even_o with_o the_o king_n consent_n conclude_v any_o thing_n contrary_a to_o the_o law_n 19_o or_o statute_n or_o custom_n of_o the_o realm_n but_o now_o the_o parliament_n be_v not_o subject_a to_o any_o such_o limitation_n its_o power_n be_v arbitrary_a and_o uncontrollable_a and_o be_v join_v with_o the_o royal_a authority_n can_v enact_v what_o it_o will_v for_o the_o public_a good_a any_o law_n statute_n or_o custom_n to_o the_o contrary_a in_o any_o wise_n notwithstanding_o 2._o as_o for_o the_o word_n parliament_n i_o shall_v not_o much_o contend_v with_o he_o about_o it_o it_o be_v well_o know_v that_o it_o be_v a_o name_n bring_v in_o by_o the_o norman_n and_o but_o late_o receive_v among_o we_o to_o denote_v those_o meeting_n of_o state_n which_o be_v ancient_o call_v mycel_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d colloquium_fw-la concilium_fw-la synodus_fw-la and_o the_o like_a it_o be_v more_o extraordinary_a which_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o as_o wittenagemote_a be_v wont_a to_o signify_v what_o we_o call_v a_o parliament_n so_o church-gemote_a denote_v what_o we_o call_v a_o convocation_n and_o for_o which_o i_o be_o confident_a he_o will_v be_v hard_o put_v to_o it_o 4_o to_o bring_v we_o any_o author_n elder_a than_o sir_n edw._n coke_n from_o who_o as_o poor_a godolphin_n first_o so_o have_v he_o now_o take_v it_o at_o all_o adventure_n though_o be_v this_o true_a the_o observation_n will_v amount_v in_o plain_a english_a to_o no_o more_o than_o this_o that_o as_o a_o parliament_n be_v ancient_o call_v a_o assembly_n of_o the_o wiseman_n so_o be_v a_o convocation_n call_v a_o assembly_n of_o churchman_n and_o of_o which_o if_o he_o can_v make_v any_o use_n i_o shall_v not_o envy_v he_o the_o honour_n of_o so_o weighty_a and_o critical_a a_o remark_n be_v it_o needful_a in_o return_n to_o these_o little_a remark_n to_o mention_v the_o several_a difference_n that_o may_v be_v assign_v between_o these_o two_o assembly_n i_o may_v easy_o enlarge_v they_o into_o many_o more_o particular_n and_o of_o much_o great_a importance_n than_o those_o which_o he_o have_v allege_v to_o say_v nothing_o of_o the_o convocation_n be_v multiply_v according_a to_o the_o number_n of_o the_o province_n into_o which_o the_o church_n be_v divide_v and_o represent_v the_o clergy_n not_o of_o the_o whole_a church_n but_o only_o of_o one_o part_n of_o it_o whereas_o the_o parliament_n be_v a_o assembly_n for_o the_o whole_a realm_n the_o manner_n of_o consult_v resolve_v and_o act_v be_v very_o different_a in_o the_o one_o and_o in_o the_o other_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o archbishop_n be_v much_o other_o in_o the_o convocation_n than_o the_o lordkeeper_n be_v in_o the_o parliament_n but_o especial_o the_o power_n of_o the_o parliament_n in_o make_v law_n free_a and_o unbounded_a whereas_o the_o convocation_n be_v by_o authority_n of_o parliament_n determine_v both_o in_o its_o principle_n and_o power_n of_o act_v and_o can_v neither_o debate_n effectual_o nor_o resolve_v to_o any_o purpose_n of_o any_o thing_n but_o what_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o be_v no_o wise_a prejudicial_a to_o the_o civil_a interest_n of_o any_o but_o to_o allow_v of_o the_o suppose_a parallel_n between_o the_o parliament_n and_o convocation_n what_o will_v this_o gentleman_n infer_v from_o it_o not_o i_o hope_v that_o the_o one_o shall_v therefore_o â—it_n and_o act_n whenever_o the_o other_o do_v a_o father_n for_o example_n have_v two_o son_n they_o be_v both_o his_o child_n both_o of_o the_o same_o sex_n both_o equal_o relate_v to_o he_o perhaps_o and_o both_o equal_o belove_v by_o he_o but_o will_v this_o author_n from_o thence_o conclude_v that_o they_o have_v a_o equal_a right_n to_o his_o estate_n and_o ought_v equal_o to_o succeed_v in_o it_o this_o will_v be_v a_o very_a agreeable_a conclusion_n to_o many_o i_o make_v no_o doubt_n but_o i_o be_o afraid_a will_v hardly_o be_v allow_v by_o the_o elder_a brother_n to_o be_v a_o just_a one_o it_o be_v true_a a_o father_n in_o this_o case_n may_v possible_o have_v leave_v they_o portion_n alike_o and_o have_v make_v they_o as_o equal_v in_o their_o fortune_n as_o they_o be_v in_o their_o relation_n to_o he_o and_o so_o perhaps_o our_o constitution_n may_v have_v make_v the_o parliament_n and_o the_o convocation_n but_o whether_o the_o father_n have_v do_v this_o must_v be_v prove_v from_o the_o settlement_n of_o his_o estate_n and_o not_o from_o any_o suppose_a equality_n of_o right_n in_o his_o son_n to_o his_o affection_n and_o whether_o our_o constitution_n have_v give_v these_o assembly_n a_o equal_a right_n to_o meet_v â—it_n and_o act_n must_v be_v determine_v by_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o not_o be_v collect_v from_o imaginary_a parallel_n and_o wild_a inference_n which_o have_v neither_o any_o law_n and_o but_o very_o little_a sense_n in_o them_o 3._o as_o for_o those_o state_n maxim_n which_o he_o 8._o have_v final_o add_v to_o support_v this_o argument_n it_o will_v then_o be_v proper_a to_o give_v a_o reply_n to_o they_o when_o this_o author_n shall_v have_v show_v we_o that_o there_o be_v any_o thing_n in_o they_o to_o be_v reply_v to_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n i_o must_v observe_v that_o whether_o we_o consider_v the_o nature_n or_o end_v of_o the_o parliament_n the_o necessity_n of_o the_o civil_a affair_n or_o the_o interest_n which_o both_o the_o prince_n and_o people_n may_v have_v in_o the_o assemble_v of_o it_o there_o must_v in_o all_o probability_n be_v always_o a_o much_o great_a need_n of_o frequent_a parliament_n for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o state_n than_o of_o frequent_a convocation_n for_o the_o welfare_n of_o the_o church_n when_o a_o national_a church_n be_v once_o thorough_o establish_v and_o neither_o need_v any_o far_a law_n to_o be_v make_v for_o the_o enforce_n of_o its_o discipline_n or_o any_o new_a confession_n to_o be_v frame_v for_o the_o security_n of_o its_o doctrine_n when_o its_o liturgy_n and_o other_o office_n be_v fix_v and_o state_v and_o there_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v any_o need_n of_o alter_v or_o improve_n any_o of_o these_o that_o it_o be_v think_v a_o crime_n but_o even_o to_o suppose_v that_o it_o be_v possible_a to_o improve_v they_o or_o to_o make_v any_o alteration_n but_o for_o the_o worse_o in_o they_o i_o can_v imagine_v until_o something_o arise_v to_o unsettle_v such_o a_o constitution_n what_o a_o convocation_n can_v have_v to_o meet_v about_o but_o this_o be_v not_o the_o case_n of_o the_o civil_a state_n which_o be_v god_n know_v subject_a to_o many_o more_o change_n than_o the_o ecclesiastical_a and_o will_v often_o want_v to_o have_v public_a remedy_n apply_v for_o the_o redress_n or_o prevention_n of_o its_o public_a evil_n perhaps_o a_o prince_n arise_v who_o affect_v a_o arbitrary_a sway_n and_o his_o minister_n join_v in_o the_o same_o design_n with_o he_o and_o nothing_o less_o than_o the_o authority_n of_o a_o parliament_n can_v put_v a_o stop_n to_o their_o attempt_n this_o therefore_o may_v make_v it_o necessary_a in_o time_n of_o peace_n and_o quietness_n for_o the_o parliament_n to_o meet_v at_o certain_a time_n to_o prevent_v such_o attempt_n and_o to_o keep_v every_o member_n of_o the_o constitution_n within_o its_o due_a bound_n and_o such_o be_v the_o case_n of_o the_o last_o reign_n it_o may_v be_v the_o commonwealth_n be_v assault_v by_o its_o enemy_n from_o abroad_o and_o those_o enemy_n be_v countenance_v by_o a_o factious_a discontent_a party_n at_o home_n and_o it_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o parliament_n to_o meet_v and_o to_o raise_v supply_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o realm_n against_o the_o one_o and_o to_o make_v some_o
be_v a_o convocation_n that_o for_o many_o year_n past_a have_v have_v no_o existence_n and_o the_o convocation_n of_o which_o we_o be_v now_o dispute_v be_v quite_o another_o thing_n be_v summon_v by_o another_o kind_n of_o writ_n and_o consist_v of_o another_o sort_n of_o iii_o person_n as_o by_o compare_v the_o ancient_a writ_n of_o both_o may_v evident_o be_v discern_v so_o that_o this_o invincible_a argument_n have_v one_o terrible_a defect_n in_o it_o that_o whether_o it_o can_v otherwise_o be_v answer_v or_o not_o yet_o it_o be_v evident_o nothing_o at_o all_o to_o the_o purpose_n but_o here_o our_o author_n object_n against_o himself_o that_o once_o upon_o a_o time_n the_o archbishop_n 12._o call_v a_o synod_n by_o his_o own_o authority_n 38._o without_o the_o king_n licence_n and_o be_v thereupon_o prohibit_v by_o fitz-herbert_a lord_n chief_a justice_n but_o the_o archbishop_n regard_v not_o his_o prohibition_n what_o this_o be_v to_o his_o purpose_n i_o can_v tell_v nor_o do_v i_o see_v wherefore_o he_o bring_v it_o in_o unless_o it_o be_v to_o blame_v roll_n for_o quote_v ib._n speed_n for_o it_o and_o therefore_o in_o behalf_n of_o both_o i_o shall_v take_v the_o liberty_n to_o say_v thus_o much_o that_o i_o know_v not_o what_o harm_n it_o be_v for_o a_o man_n in_o his_o own_o private_a collection_n for_o pres._n such_o rolls_n abridgement_n be_v though_o afterward_o think_v worthy_a of_o a_o public_a view_n to_o note_v a_o memorable_a passage_n of_o history_n and_o make_v a_o remark_n of_o his_o own_o upon_o it_o out_o of_o one_o of_o the_o most_o faithful_a and_o judicious_a of_o all_o our_o modern_a historian_n i_o have_v before_o take_v notice_n of_o this_o passage_n and_o that_o not_o from_o speed_n but_o from_o roger_n hoveden_n from_o who_o i_o suppose_v speed_v may_v also_o have_v take_v the_o relation_n i_o shall_v therefore_o only_o beg_v leave_v to_o set_v this_o gentleman_n to_o who_o all_o our_o historian_n be_v i_o doubt_v equal_o unknown_a right_a in_o two_o particular_n by_o tell_v he_o that_o neither_o be_v fitz-herbert_a the_o man_n who_o prohibit_v b._n the_o archbishop_n nor_o be_v he_o chief_a justice_n when_o he_o do_v it_o his_o name_n be_v geoffrey_n fitz-peter_n he_o be_v earl_n of_o essex_n and_o a_o very_a eminent_a man_n in_o those_o day_n and_o his_o place_n be_v much_o great_a than_o this_o author_n represent_v it_o even_o lord_n justice_n of_o england_n 193._o which_o he_o be_v first_o make_v by_o king_n richard_n anno_fw-la 1198._o and_o hold_v in_o the_o king_n absence_n to_o his_o death_n anno_fw-la 1213_o in_o which_o 243._o year_n k._n john_n go_v over_o into_o france_n constitute_v peter_n bishop_n of_o winchester_z lord_n 4._o justice_z in_o his_o place_n and_o now_o we_o be_v come_v to_o a_o low_a ebb_n indeed_o the_o description_n of_o the_o convocation_n 39_o as_o it_o stand_v in_o our_o law-dictionary_n and_o that_o too_o like_o all_o the_o rest_n nothing_o to_o the_o purpose_n the_o convocation_n be_v by_o they_o describe_v to_o be_v a_o meeting_n of_o the_o clergy_n in_o parliament-time_n and_o some_o there_o be_v in_o the_o long_a parliament_n of_o 1641_o who_o think_v it_o can_v not_o lawful_o be_v hold_v but_o while_o the_o parliament_n sit_v well_o what_o follow_v why_o therefore_o the_o convocation_n have_v a_o right_a to_o sit_v and_o act_n as_o often_o as_o the_o parliament_n meet_v for_o a_o close_a reasoner_n let_v this_o author_n alone_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n i_o have_v before_o show_v that_o though_o the_o convocation_n be_v summon_v vi_o together_o with_o the_o parliament_n yet_o it_o may_v sit_v when_o the_o parliament_n do_v not_o and_o we_o be_v like_a to_o have_v a_o hopeful_a time_n of_o it_o to_o answer_v such_o proof_n where_o there_o be_v neither_o law_n in_o the_o antecedent_n nor_o reason_n in_o the_o consequence_n these_o than_o be_v the_o argument_n which_o this_o 14._o author_n have_v offer_v to_o establish_v his_o first_o assertion_n namely_o that_o the_o convocation_n have_v a_o right_a to_o sit_v and_o act_n not_o only_o upon_o all_o such_o occasion_n as_o the_o necessity_n of_o the_o church_n or_o realm_n require_v it_o shall_v but_o general_o and_o without_o regard_n to_o any_o thing_n there_o be_v for_o they_o to_o do_v as_o often_o as_o the_o parliament_n be_v assemble_v i_o proceed_v two_o dly_a to_o consider_v what_o he_o have_v allege_v for_o his_o other_o position_n viz._n that_o be_v meet_v they_o have_v no_o need_n of_o any_o licence_n from_o the_o king_n to_o empower_v they_o to_o act_v but_o may_v confer_v debate_n and_o make_v canon_n and_o do_v any_o other_o synodical_a business_n which_o they_o think_v fit_a by_o their_o own_o authority_n and_o that_o either_o no_o commission_n at_o all_o be_v needful_a to_o enable_v they_o to_o do_v this_o or_o that_o if_o there_o be_v it_o ought_v of_o course_n to_o be_v grant_v to_o them_o in_o order_n whereunto_o i_o must_v in_o the_o first_o place_n observe_v that_o those_o who_o affirm_v that_o the_o king_n licence_n be_v necessary_a to_o warrant_v the_o convocation_n to_o act_v do_v not_o sound_v their_o opinion_n either_o upon_o the_o power_n he_o have_v to_o 42._o assemble_v it_o or_o upon_o the_o form_n of_o the_o writ_n by_o which_o he_o summon_v they_o though_o that_o do_v plain_o seem_v to_o imply_v that_o some_o such_o commission_n be_v to_o be_v expect_v from_o he_o v._o but_o either_o first_o in_o general_n upon_o that_o supreme_a authority_n which_o every_o christian_a prince_n as_o such_o have_v in_o ecclesiastical_a matter_n and_o by_o virtue_n whereof_o whenever_o they_o have_v admit_v their_o clergy_n to_o meet_v in_o synod_n they_o have_v still_o prescribe_v to_o they_o the_o rule_n by_o which_o they_o be_v to_o proceed_v in_o they_o or_o else_o two_o in_o particular_a upon_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 25_o hen._n viii_o which_o have_v express_o declare_v this_o power_n to_o belong_v to_o the_o king_n and_o forbid_v the_o clergy_n to_o presume_v to_o act_v otherwise_o than_o in_o subordination_n thereunto_o but_o against_o this_o our_o author_n except_v for_o first_o be_v the_o case_n be_v so_o then_o be_v the_o 40._o convocation_n a_o assembly_n to_o little_a or_o no_o purpose_n whatsoever_o if_o their_o tongue_n be_v entire_o 41._o at_o the_o king_n will_n it_o be_v improper_a to_o give_v their_o resolution_n any_o title_n but_o the_o king_n rule_n and_o ordinance_n they_o be_v to_o all_o intent_n and_o purpose_n his_o upon_o who_o will_v not_o only_o their_o meeting_n but_o their_o very_a debate_n depend_v in_o answer_v whereunto_o i_o reply_v first_o that_o either_o there_o be_v real_o no_o inconvenience_n in_o all_o this_o or_o if_o there_o be_v it_o follow_v not_o from_o what_o i_o be_o now_o assert_v for_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o this_o be_v the_o case_n of_o the_o 25._o most_o general_n and_o famous_a council_n that_o be_v ever_o hold_v in_o the_o church_n and_o which_o be_v not_o only_o call_v by_o the_o emperor_n authority_n but_o be_v meet_v act_v entire_o according_a to_o their_o prescription_n but_o indeed_o i_o can_v perceive_v that_o any_o of_o those_o hard_a thing_n this_o author_n so_o much_o complain_v of_o do_v at_o all_o follow_v from_o this_o supposition_n for_o what_o though_o the_o king_n do_v propose_v to_o they_o the_o subject_a of_o their_o debate_n what_o they_o be_v to_o consult_v about_o and_o draw_v up_o their_o resolution_n upon_o be_v they_o not_o still_o free_a to_o deliberate_v confer_v resolve_v for_o all_o that_o will_v not_o their_o resolution_n be_v their_o own_o because_o the_o king_n declare_v to_o they_o the_o general_n matter_n upon_o which_o they_o be_v to_o consult_v be_v a_o counsellor_n at_o law_n of_o no_o use_n or_o have_v he_o no_o freedom_n of_o opinion_n because_o his_o client_n put_v his_o case_n to_o he_o or_o do_v our_o law_n unsit_o call_v the_o answer_n of_o a_o petit-jury_n its_o verdict_n because_o the_o judge_n sum_v up_o the_o evidence_n to_o they_o and_o direct_v they_o not_o only_o upon_o what_o point_n but_o from_o what_o proof_n they_o be_v to_o raise_v it_o what_o strange_a notion_n of_o thing_n must_v a_o man_n have_v who_o argue_v at_o such_o a_o rate_n as_o this_o and_o may_v upon_o as_o good_a ground_n affirm_v the_o parliament_n its_o self_n not_o to_o be_v free_a as_o he_o have_v deny_v the_o convocation_n to_o be_v so_o because_o that_o in_o the_o main_a part_n of_o their_o debate_n that_o also_o be_v as_o much_o though_o not_o so_o necessary_o direct_v by_o the_o king_n in_o what_o he_o will_v have_v they_o consult_v about_o i_o have_v insist_v the_o more_o upon_o this_o particular_a because_o it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o popular_a argument_n he_o have_v offer_v in_o defence_n of_o his_o opinion_n though_o alas_o it_o