acts and statutes made afore this time by act of parlement not repealed or annulled by like authoritie or otherwise void be in suth force effect and vertue as they were afore the making of these ordinances and that no letters patents roialx of record nor acts iudiciall made or doone afore this time not repealed reuersed ne otherwise void by law be preiudiced or hurt by this present act line 20 This agreement put in articles was ingrossed sealed and sworne vnto by the two parties and also enacted in the parlement For ioy whereof the king hauing in his companie the duke of Yorke road to the cathedrall church of saint Paule in London and there on the day of All saints with the crowne on his head went solemnelie in procession and was lodged a good space after in the bishops palace néere to the said church And vpon the saturdaie next insuing line 30 Richard duke of Yorke was by sound of trumpet solemnelie proclamed heire apparant to the crowne of England and protectour of the realme After this the parlement kept at Couentrie the last yeare was declared to be a diuelish councell and onelie had for destruction of the nobilitie and was indéed no lawfull parlement bicause they which were returned were neuer elected according to the due order of the law but secretlie named by them which desired rather the destruction than the aduancement of the line 40 common-wealth When these agréements were enacted the king dissolued his parlement which was the last parlement that euer he ended The duke of Yorke well knowing that the queene would spurne against all this caused both hir and hir sonne to be sent for by the king But she as woont rather to rule than to be ruled and thereto counselled by the dukes of Excester and Summerset not onelie denied to come but also assembled a great armie intending to take the king by fine force out of the lords hands The protector in London hauing knowledge line 50 of all these dooings assigned the duke of Norffolke and erle of Warwike his trustie fréends to be about the king while he with the earles of Salisburie and Rutland and a conuenient number departed out of London the second daie of December northward and appointed the earle of March his eldest sonne to follow him with all his power The duke came to his castell of Sandall beside Wakefield on Christmasse éeuen there began to make muster of his tenants and fréends The quéene there of ascerteined determined line 60 to cope with him ye◠his succour were come Now she hauing in hir companie the prince hir sonne the dukes of Excester and Summerset the earle of Deuonshire the lord Clifford the lord Ros and in effect all the lords of the north parts with eightéene thousand men or as some write two and twentie thousand marched from Yorke to Wakefield and bad base to the duke euen before his castell gates He hauing with him not fullie fiue thousand persons contrarie to the minds of his faithfull councellors would needs issue foorth to fight with his enimies The duke of Summerset and the quéenes part casting vpon their most aduantage appointed the lord Clifford to lie in one stale and the earle of Wilshire in another and the duke with other to kéepe the maine battell The duke of Yorke with his people descended downe the hill in good order and arraie and was suffered to passe on towards the maine battell But when he was in the plaine field betweene his castell and the towne of Wakefield he was inuironed on euerie side like fish in a net so that though he fought manfullie yet was he within halfe an houre slaine and dead and his whole armie discomfited with him died of his trustie fréends his two bastard vncles sir Iohn and sir Hugh Mortimers sir Dauie Hall sir Hugh Hastings sir Thomas Neuill William and Thomas Aparre both brethren and two thousand and eight hundred others whereof manie were yoong gentlemen and heires of great parentage in the south parts whose kin reuenged their deaths within foure moneths next as after shall appeare In this conflict was wounded and taken prisoner Richard earle of Salisburie sir Richard Limbricke Rafe Stanleie Iohn Harow capteine Hanson and diuerse others The lord Clifford perceiuing where the earle of Rutland was conueied out of the field by one of his fathers chapleins and scholemaister to the same earle and ouertaking him stabbed him to the heart with a dagger as he kneeled afore him This earle was but a child at that time of twelue yeares of age whome neither his tender yeares nor dolorous countenance with holding vp both his hands for mercie for his speach was gone for feare could mooue the cruell heart of the lord Clifford to take pitie vpon him so that he was noted of great infamie for that his vnmercifull murther vpon that yoong gentleman But the same lord Clifford not satisfied herewith came to the place where the dead corpse of the duke of Yorke laie caused his head to be striken off and set on it a crowne of paper fixed it on a pole and presented it to the quéene not lieng farre from the field in great despite at which great reioising was shewed but they laughed then that shortlie after lamented and were glad then of other mens deaths that knew not their owne to be so néere at hand ¶ Some write that the duke was taken aliue and in derision caused to stand vpon a molehill on whose head they put a garland in steed of a crowne which they had fashioned and made of sedges or bulrushes and hauing so crowned him with that garland they knéeled downe afore him as the Iewes did vnto Christ in scorne saieng to him Haile king without rule haile king without heritage haile duke and prince without people or possessions And at length hauing thus scorned him with these and diuerse other the like despitefull words they stroke off his head which as yee haue heard they presented to the quéene Manie déemed that this miserable end chanced to the duke of Yorke as a due punishment for breaking his oth of allegiance vnto his souereigne lord king Henrie but others held him discharged thereof bicause he obteined a dispensation from the pope by such suggestion as his procurators made vnto him whereby the same oth was adiudged void as that which was receiued vnaduisedlie to the preiudice of himselfe and disheriting of all his posteritie After this victorie by the quéene the earle of Salisburie and all the prisoners were sent to Pomfret year 1461 and there beheaded whose heads togither with the duke of Yorkes head were conueied to Yorke and there set on poles ouer the gate of the citie in despite of them and their linage The earle of March now after the death of his father verie duke of Yorke lieng at Glocester was woonderfullie amazed when the sorrowfull newes of these mishaps came vnto him but after
an other pageant made by the Florentins verie high on the top whereof there stood foure pictures and in the middest of them and most highest there stood an angell all in gréene with a trumpet in his hand and when the line 50 trumpetter who stood secretlie in the pageant did sound his trumpet the angell did put his trumpet to his mouth as though it had béene the same that had sounded to the great maruelling of manie ignorant persons this pageant was made with three thorough faires or gates c. The conduit in Cornehill ran wine and beneath the conduit a pageant made at the charges of the citie and an other at the great conduit in Cheape and a founteine by it running wine The standard in Cheape new painted with the waits line 60 of the citie aloft theron plaieng The crosse in Cheape new washed and burnished An other pageant at the little conduit in Cheape next to Paules was made by the citie where the aldermen stood when the quéene came against them the recorder made a short proposition to hir and then the chamberleine presented to hir in the name of the maior and the citie a purse of cloth of gold and a thousand marks of gold in it then she rode foorth and in Paules church-yard against the schoole one master Heiwood sat in a pageant vnder a vine and made to hir an oration in Latine English Then was there one Peter a Dutchman that stood on the weathercâ—cke of Paules stéeple holding a streamer in his hand of fiue yards long and wauing thereof stood sometimes on the one foot and shooke the other and then knéeled on his knees to the great maruell of all people He had made two scaffolds vnder him one aboue the crosse hauing torches and streamers set on it and an other ouer the ball of the crosse likewise set with streamers torches which could not burne the wind was so great the said Peter had sixteene pounds thirtéene shillings foure pense giuen him by the citie for his costs and paines and for all his stuffe Then was there a pageant made against the deane of Paules gate where the quéeristers of Paules plaied on vials and soong Ludgate was newlie repared painted and richlie hanged with minstrels plaieng and singing there Then was there an other pageant at the conduit in Fleetstréet and the temple barre was newlie painted and hanged And thus she passed to Whitehall at Westminster where she tooke hir leaue of the lord maior giuing him great thanks for his pains and the citie for their cost On the morrow which was the first daie of October the quéene went by water to the old palace and there remained till about eleuen of the clocke and then went on foot vpon blew cloth being railed on either side vnto saint Peters church where she was solemnlie crowned and annointed by Stephan Gardiner bishop of Winchester for the archbishops of Canturburie and Yorke were then prisoners in the tower which coronation and other ceremonies and solemnities then vsed according to the old custome was not fullie ended till it was nigh foure of the clocke at night that she returned from the church before whom was then borne three swords sheathed one naked The great seruice that daie doone in Westminster hall at dinner by diuerse noblemen would aske long time to write The lord maior of London twelue citizens kept the high cupboord of plate as butlers and the quéene gaue to the maior for his fée a cupboord of gold with a couer weieng seuentéene ounces At the time of this quéenes coronation there was published a generall pardon in hir name being interlaced with so manie exceptions as they that néeded the same most tooke smallest benefit thereby In which were excepted by name no small number not onelie of bishops and other of the cleargie namelie the archbishops of Canturburie and Yorke the bishop of London but also manie lords knights and gentlemen of the laitie beside the two chiefe iustices of England called sir Edward Montacute and sir Roger Cholmeleie with some other learned men in the law for counselling or at the least consenting to the depriuation of quéene Marie and aiding of the foresaid duke of Northumberland in the pretensed right of the before named ladie Iane the names of which persons so being excepted I haue omitted for shortnesse sake As soone as this pardon was published and the solemnitie of the feast of the coronation ended there were certeine commissioners assigned to take order with all such persons as were excepted out of the pardon and others to compound with the queene for their seuerall offenses Which commissioners sat at the deane of Paules his house at the west end of Paules church and there called before them the said persons apart and from some they tooke their fees and offices granted before by king Edward the sixt and yet neuerthelesse putting them to their fines and some they committed to ward depriuing them of their states and liuings so that for the time to those that tasted thereof it seemed verie grieuous God deliuer vs from incurring the like danger of law againe The fift daie of October next following the quéene held hir hie court of parlement at Westminster which continued vntill the one and twentith daie of the said moneth In the first session of which parlement there passed no more acts but one and that was to declare queene Marie lawfull heire in descent to the crowne of England by the common lawes next after hir brother king Edward and to repeale certeine causes of treason fellonie and premunire conteined in diuers former statutes the which act of repeale was for that cardinall Poole was especiallie looked for as after ye shall heare for the reducing of the church of line 10 England to the popes obedience and to the end that the said cardinall now called into England from Rome might hold his courts legantine without the danger of the statutes of the premunire made in that case whereinto cardinall Wolseie when he was legat had incurred to his no small losse and to the charge of all the clergie of England for exercising the like power the which act being once passed foorthwith the queene repaired to the parlement line 20 house and gaue therevnto hir roiall assent and then proroged the parlement vnto the foure and twentith daie of the said moneth In which second session were confirmed and made diuerse and sundrie statutes concerning religion wherof some were restored and other repealed ¶ Sir Thomas White for this yéere maior and merchant tailor a woorthie patrone and protector of poore scholers lerning renewed or rather erected a college in Oxenford now called saint Iohns college before Bernard college He also erected schooles at Bristow line 30 and Reading Moreouer this worshipfull citizen in his life time gaue to the citie of Bristow two thousand pounds of readie monie to purchase lands to
defraied and laid out in Almaine and in Boheme about the kings marriage and for the residue desired daies of paiment yet he could obteine neither Further he was accused that the duke of Ireland and he had gathered great summes of monie conueied the same to Douer and from thence sent it in the night by sea into Germanie Lastlie the archbishop forsooth and the moonks of Canturburie charged him that he sought the means to remooue â—he shrine of the archbishop Thomas otherwise called Thomas Becket from Canturburie vnto Douer vnder a colour of feare least the Frenchmen being assembled in Flanders to inuade England should land in Kent and take Canturburie and spoile it where indeed as they surmized against him he meant to send it ouer the seas vnto the king of Boheme Herevpon he was first committed to the tower and before the king or his other friends could procure his deliuerance he was without law or iustice before any of the residue as some hold brought foorth and beheaded on the tower hill by commandement of the duke of Glocester and other of his faction quite contrarie to the kings will or knowledge in somuch that when he vnderstood it he spake manie sore words against the duke affirming that he was a wicked man and worthie to be kept shorter sith vnder a colour of dooing iustice he went about to destroie euerie good and honest man The king was also offended with the duke of Yorke for his brothers presumptuous doings though the said duke of Yorke being verelie a man of a gentle nature wished that the state of the common-wealth might haue béene redressed without losse of any mans life or other cruell dealing but the duke of Glocester and diuerse other of the nobilitie the lesse that they passed for the kings threatening speach so much more were they readie to punish all those whom they tooke to be their enimies In deed the said sir Simon Burlie was thought to beare himselfe more loftie by reason of the kings fauour than was requisite which procured him enuie of them that could not abide others to be in any condition their equals in authoritie It should appeare by Froissard that he was first of all in the beginning of these stirs betwixt the king and the lords committed to the tower and notwithstanding all the shift that either the king or the duke of Ireland or anie other of his fréends could make for him by the duke of Glocesters commandement he was cruellie beheaded so greatlie to the offense of the king and those that were his trustie councellors that therevpon the king caused the duke of Ireland the sooner to assemble an armie against the said duke and his complices therby â—o râ—sâ—raine their presumptuous proceedings But whether he was thus at the first or last executed to please the king the better now at this parlement amongst others that were condemned in the same his lands were giuen to the king a great part whereof he afterwards disposed to diuerse men as he thought expedient But yet in the parlement holden in the one and twentith yeare of this kings reigne the act of atteindor of the said sir Simon was repealed and at an other parlement holden in the second yeare of king Henrie the fourth all his lands which then remained vngranted and vnsold were restored to sir Iohn Burlie knight sonne and heire of sir Roger Burlie brother to the said Simon of whom lineallie is descended Thomas Eins line 10 esquier now secretarie to the queenes maiesties councell in the north parts And thus far touching sir Simon Burlie of whom manie reports went of his disloiall dealings towards the state as partlie ye haue heard but how trulie the lord knoweth Among other slanderous tales that were spred abroad of him one was that he consented to the deliuering of Douer castell by the kings appointment to the Frenchmen for monie But as this was a thing not like to be true so no doubt manie things that the persons line 20 aforesaid which were executed had béene charged with at the least by common report among the people were nothing true at all although happilie the substance of those things for which they died might be true in some respect Sir William Elmham that was charged also for withdrawing of the soldiers wages discharged himselfe therof and of all other things that might be laid to his charge As touching the iustices they were all condemned to death by the parlement but such line 30 meanes was made for them vnto the queene that she obteined pardon for their liues But they forfeited their lands and goods and were appointed to remaine in perpetuall exile with a certeine portion of monie to them assigned for their dailie sustentation the names of which iustices so condemned to exile were these Robert Belknap Iohn Holt Iohn Craie Roger Fulthorpe William Burgh and Iohn Lokton Finallie in this parlement was an oth required and line 40 obteined of the king that he should stand vnto and abide such rule and order as the lords should take and this oth was not required onelie of the king but also of all the inhabitants of the realme ¶ In these troubles was the realme of England in these daies and the king brought into that case that he ruled not but was ruled by his vncles and other to them associat In the latter end of this eleuenth yeare was the earle of Arundell sent to the sea with a great nauie of ships and men of warre There went with him in line 50 this iournie of noble men the earles of Notingham Deuonshire sir Thomas Percie the lord Clifford the lord Camois sir William Elmham sir Thomas Morieux sir Iohn Daubreticourt sir William Shellie sir Iohn Warwike or Berwike sir Stephan de Liberie sir Robert Sere sir Peter Montherie sir Lewes Clanbow sir Thomas Coque or Cooke sir William Paulie or Paulet diuerse others There were a thousand men of armes and three thousand archers The purpose for which they were sent was to line 60 haue aided the duke of Britaine if he would haue receiued them being then eftsoones run into the French kings displeasure for the imprisoning of the lord Clisson constable of France But after that contrarie to expectation the duke of Britaine was come to an agréement with the French king the earle of Arundell drew with his nauie alongst the coasts of Poictou and Xaintonge till at length he arriued in the hauen that goeth vp to Rochell and landed with his men at Marrant foure leagues from Rochell and began to pilfer spoile and fetch booties abroad in the countrie The Frenchmen within Rochell issued foorth to skirmish with the Englishmen but they were easilie put to flight and folowed euen to the bariers of the gates of Rochell ¶ Perot le Bernois a capteine of Gascoigne that made warre for the king of England in Limosin and lay in the fortresse of Galuset came foorth the same time
and yet the lord Scroope that was lord chamberleine had allowed for the earles diet foure thousand nobles yéerelie paid out of the kings coffers On the mondaie next after the arreignement of the earle of Warwike to wit the foure and twentie of September was the lord Iohn Cobham and sir Iohn Cheinie arreigned and found guiltie of like treasons for which the other had beene condemned before but at the earnest instance and sute of the nobles they were pardoned of life and banished or as Fabian saith condemned to perpetuall prison ¶ The king desirous to see the force of the Londoners caused them during the time of this parlement to muster before him on Blacke heath where a man might haue seene a great number of able personages And now after that the parlement had continued almost till Christmasse it was adiourned vntil the quinden of S. Hilarie then to begin againe at Shrewesburie The king then came downe to Lichfield and there held a roiall Christmasse which being ended he tooke his iournie towards Shrewesburie where the parlement was appointed to begin in the quinden of saint Hilarie as before yée haue heard year 1398 In which parlement there holden vpon prorogation for the loue that the king bare to the gentlemen and commons of the shire of Chester he caused it to be ordeined that from thencefoorth it should be called and knowne by the name of the principalitie of Chester and herewith he intituled himselfe prince of Chester He held also a roiall feast kéeping open houshold for all honest commers during the which feast he created fiue dukes and a duchesse a marquesse and foure earles The earle of Derbie was created duke of Hereford the earle of Notingham that was also earle marshall duke of Norfolke the earle of Rutland duke of Aubemarle the earle of Kent duke of Surrie and the earle of Huntington duke of Excester the ladie Margaret marshall countesse of Norfolke was created duchesse of Norfolke the earle of Summerset marques Dorset the lord Spenser earle of Glocester the lord Neuill surnamed Daurabie earle of Westmerland the lord William Scroope lord chamberleine earle of Wiltshire and the lord Thomas Persie lord steward of the kings house earle of Worcester And for the better maintenance of the estate of these noble men whome he had thus aduanced to higher degrees of honour he gaue vnto them a great part of those lands that belonged to the duke of Glocester the earles of Warwike and Arundell And now he was in good hope that he had rooted vp all plants of treason and therefore cared lesse who might be his freend or his fo than before he had doone estéeming himselfe higher in degrée than anie prince liuing and so presumed further than euer his grandfather did and tooke vpon him to beare the armes of saint Edward ioining them vnto his owne armes To conclude what soeuer he then did none durst speake a word contrarie therevnto And yet such as were cheefe of his councell were estéemed of the commons to be the woorst creatures that might be as the dukes of Aumarle Norfolke and Excester the earle of Wiltshire sir Iohn Bushie sir William Bagot and sir Thomas Gréene which thrée last remembred were knights of the Bath against whom the commons vndoubtedlie bare great and priuie hatred But now to proceed In this parlement holden at Shrewsburie the lord Reginald Cobham being a verie aged man simple and vpright in all his dealings was condemned for none other cause but for that in the eleuenth yéere of the kings reigne he was line 10 appointed with other to be attendant about the king as one of his gouernours The acts and ordinances also deuised and established in the parlement holden in the eleuenth yeare were likewise repealed Moreouer in this parlement at Shrewesburie it was decréed that the lord Iohn Cobham should be sent into the I le of Gernesie there to remaine in exile hauing a small portion assigned him to liue vpon The king so wrought brought things about that he obteined the whole power of both houses to be granted to certeine line 20 persons as to Iohn duke of Lancaster Edmund duke of Yorke Edmund duke of Aumarle Thomas duke of Surrie Iohn duke of Excester Iohn marquesse Dorset Roger earle of March Iohn earle of Salisburie and Henrie earle of Northumberland Thomas earle of Glocester and William earle of Wiltshire Iohn Hussie Henrie Cheimeswike Robert Teie and Iohn Goulofer knights or to seauen or eight of them These were appointed to heare and determine certeine petitions and matters line 30 yet depending and not ended but by vertue of this grant they procéeded to conclude vpon other things which generallie touched the knowledge of the whole parlement in derogation of the states therof to the disaduantage of the king and perillous example in time to come When the king had spent much monie in time of this parlement he demanded a disme and a halfe of the clergie and a fiftéenth of the temporaltie Finallie line 40 a generall pardon was granted for all offenses to all the kings subiects fiftie onelie excepted whose names he would not by anie meanes expresse but reserued them to his owne knowledge that when anie of the nobilitie offended him he might at his plesure name him to be one of the number excepted and so kéepe them still within his danger To the end that the ordinances iudgements and acts made pronounced and established in this parlement might be and abide in perpetuall strength and force the king line 50 purchased the popes buls in which were conteined greeuous censures and cursses pronounced against all such as did by anie means go about to breake and violate the statutes in the same parlement ordeined These buls were openlie published read at Paules crosse in London and in other the most publike places of the realme Manie other things were doone in this parlement to the displeasure of no small number of people namelie for that diuerse rightfull heires were disherited line 60 of their lands and liuings by authoritie of the same parlement with which wrongfull dooings the people were much offended so that the king and those that were about him and chéefe in councell came into great infamie and slander In déed the king after he had dispatched the duke of Glocester and the other noblemen was not a little glad for that he knew them still readie to disappoint him in all his purposes and therefore being now as it were carelesse did not behaue himselfe as some haue written in such discréet order as manie wished but rather as in time of prosperitie it often happeneth he forgot himselfe and began to rule by will more than by reason threatning death to each one that obâ—ied not his inordinate desires By means whereof the lords of the realme began to feare their owne estates being in danger of his furious outrage whome they tooke for a man
not onelie that the said Edmund was yoonger sonne to king Henrie the third but also had true knowledge that Edmund was neither câ—ooke baâ—ked nor a deformed person but a goodlie gentleman and a valiant capteine and so much fauored line 60 of his louing father that he to preferre him in marriage to the queene Dowager of Nauarre hauing a great liuelihood gaue to him the countie palantine of Lancaster with manie notable honours high segniories and large priuileges Therefore they aduised him to publish it that he challenged the realme not onelie by conquest but also because he by king Richard was adopted as heire and declared by resignation as his lawfull successor being next heire male to him of the blood roiall But to procéed to other dooings The solemnitie of the coronation being ended the morow after being tuesdaie the parlement began againe and the next daie sir Iohn Cheinie that was speaker excusing himselfe by reason of his infirmitie and sicknesse not to be able to exercise that roome was dismissed and one William Durward esquier was admitted Herewith were the acts established in the parlement of the one twentith yeare of king Richards reigne repealed and made void and the ordinances deuised in the parlement holden the eleuenth yeare of the same king confirmed and againe established for good and profitable ¶ On the same daie the kings eldest sonne lord Henrie by assent of all the states in the parlement was created prince of Wales duke of Cornwall and earle of Chester then being of the age of twelue yeares Upon the thursdaie the commons came and rehearsed all the errors of the last parlement holden in the one and twentith yeare of king Richard namelie in certeine fiue of them First that where the king that now is was readie line 1 to arraigne an appeale against the duke of Norfolke he dooing what perteined to his dutie in that behalfe was yet banished afterwards without anie reasonable cause Secondlie the archbishop of Canturburie metropolitan line 2 of the realme was foreiudged without answer Thirdlie the duke of Glocester was murthered and after foreiudged line 3 Fourthlie where the earle of Arundell alledged his charters of pardon the same might not be allowed line 4 Fiftlie that all the power of that euill parlement was granted and assigned ouer to certeine persons line 5 and sith that such heinous errors could not be committed as was thought without the assent and aduise of them that were of the late kings councell they made sute that they might be put vnder arrest and committed to safe kéeping till order might be further taken for them Thus much adoo there was in this parlement speciallie about them that were thought to be guiltie of the duke of Glocesters death and of the condemning of the other lords that were adiudged traitors in the forsaid late parlement holden in the said one and twentith yeare of king Richards reigne Sir Iohn Bagot knight then prisoner in the Tower disclosed manie secrets vnto the which he was priuie and being brought on a daie to the barre a bill was read in English which he had made conteining certeine euill practises of king Richard and further what great affection the same king bare to the duke of Aumarle insomuch that he heard him say that if he should renounce the gouernement of the kingdome he wished to leaue it to the said duke as to the most able man for wisdome and manhood of all other for though he could like better of the duke of Hereford yet he said that he knew if he were once king he would proue an extreame enimie and cruell tyrant to the church It was further conteined in that bill that as the same Bagot rode on a daie behind the duke of Norfolke in the Sauoy stréet toward Westminster the ruke asked him what he knew of the manner of the duke of Glocester his death and he answered that he knew nothing at all but the people quoth he doo say that you haue murthered him Wherevnto the duke sware great othes that it was vntrue and thaâ— he had saued his life contrarie to the will of the king and certeine other lords by the space of thrée wéeks and more affirming withall that he was neuer in all his life time more affraid of death than he was at his comming home againe from Calis at that time to the kings presence by reason he had not put the duke to death And then said he the king appointed one of his owne seruants and certeine other that were seruants to other lords to go with him to see the said duke of Glocester put to death swearing that as he should answer afore God it was neuer his mind that he should haue died in the fort but onelie for feare of the king and sauing of his owne life Neuerthelesse there was no man in the realme to whom king Richard was so much beholden as to the duke of Aumarle for he was the man that to fulfill his mind had set him in hand with all that was doone against the said duke and the other lords There was line 10 also conteined in that bill what secret malice king Richard had conceiued against the duke of Hereford being in exile whereof the same Bagot had sent intelligence vnto the duke into France by one Roger Smart who certified it to him by Piers Buckton and others to the intent he should the better haue regard to himselfe There was also conteined in the said bill that Bagot had heard the duke of Aumarle say that he had rather than twentie thousand pounds that the duke of Hereford were dead not line 20 for anie feare he had of him but for the trouble and mischéefe that he was like to procure within the realme After that the bill had béene read and heard the duke of Aumarle rose vp and said that as touching the points conteined in the bill concerning him they were vtterlie false and vntrue which he would proue with his bodie in what manner soeuer it should be thought requisit There with also the duke of Excester rose vp and willed Bagot that if he could say anie line 30 thing against him to speake it openlie Bagot answered that for his part he could say nothing against him But there is said he a yeoman in Newgat one Iohn hall that can say somewhat Well then said the duke of Excester this that I doo and shall say is true that the late king the duke of Norfolke and thou being at Woodstoke made me to go with you into the chappell and there the doore being shut ye made me to sweare vpon the altar to kéepe counsell in that ye had to say to me and then ye rehearsed line 40 that we should neuer haue our purpose so long as the duke of Lancaster liued therefore ye purposed to haue councell at Lichfield there you would arrest the duke of Lancaster in such sort as by colour of his
maiors successiuelie died within eight daies and sir aldermen At length by the diligent obseruation of those that escaped which marking what things had doone them good and holpen to their deliuerance vsed the like againe When they fell into the same disease the second or third time as to diuerse it chanced a remedie was found for that mortall maladie which was this If a man on the day time were taken with the sweat then should he streight lie downe with all his clothes and garments and continue in his sweat foure and twentie houres after so moderate a sort as might be If in the night he chanced to be taken then should line 10 he not rise out of his bed for the space of foure and twentie houres so casting the clothes that he might in no wise prouoke the sweat but lie so temperatlie that the water might distill out softlie of the owne accord and to absteine from all meat if he might so long suffer hunger and to take no more drinke neither hotnor cold than would moderatelie quench and asswage his thirstie appetite Thus with lukewarme drinke temperate heate and measurable cloaths manie escaped few which vsed this order after it line 20 was found out died of that sweat Marie one point diligentlie aboue all other in this cure is to be obserued that he neuer did put his hand or feet out of the bed to refresh or coole himselfe which to doo is no lesse ieopardie than short and present death Thus this disease comming in the first yeare of king Henries reigne was iudged of some to be a token and signe of a troublous reigne of the same king as the proofe partlie afterwards shewed it selfe The king standing in néed of monie to discharge line 30 such debts and to mainteine such port as was behouefull sent the lord treasuror with maister Reginald Braie and others vnto the lord maior of London requiring of the citie a prest of six thousand marks Wherevpon the said lord maior and his brethren with the commons of the citie granted a prest of two thousand pounds which was leuied of the companies and not of the wards and in the yeare next insuing it was well and trulie againe repaid euerie penie to the good contentation and satisfieng of line 40 them that disbursed it The king considering that the suertie of his roiall estate and defense of the realme consisted chéefelie in good lawes and ordinances to be had and obserued among his people summoned eftsoones his high court of parlement therein to deuise and establish some profitable acts and statutes for the wealth and commoditie of his people After this hauing set things in quiet about London he tooke his iournie into the North parts there to purge all the dregs of malicious treson that might line 50 rest in the hearts of vnquiet persons and namelie in Yorkeshire where the people bare more fauour vnto king Richard in his life time than those of anie other part of the realme had commonlie doone He kept the feast of Easter at Lincolne where he was certified that the lord Louell and Humfrie Stafford and Thomas Stafford his brother were departed out of the sanctuarie at Colchester to what place or whither no man as yet could tell The king little regarding the matter kept on his iournie and came to Yorke where as soone as he was once setled it was openlie line 60 shewed and declared for a truth to the king himselfe that Francis lord Louell was at hand with a strong and mightie power of men and would with all diligence inuade the citie It was also told him that the forenamed Staffords were in Worcestershire and had raised a great band of the countrie people and commons there and had cast lots what part should assault the gates what men should sâ—ale the wals of the citie of Worcester and who should let the passages for letting of rescues and aiders The king could not beleeue this report to be true at the first but after that by letters of credence sent from his fréends he was fullie persuaded that it was too true he was put in no small feare and not without great cause For he wiselie considered that he neither had anie competent armie readie nor conuenient furniture to arme them that were present and also he was in such place where he could not assemble anie power but of those whome he sore mistrusted as fréends to them that were most his enimies the memorie of king Richard as yet being not amongst them forgotten nor worne out of mind But bicause the matter required quicke expedition he appointed the duke of Bedford with three thousand men not altogither the best armed for their brest plates for the most part were of tanned leather to march foorth against the lord Louell and to set vpon him without anie lingering of time The duke hasting forward approched to the campe of his enimies before he would assaile them he caused the heralds to make proclamation that all those that would depart from their armour and submit themselues as subiects vnto their naturall prince and souereigne lord should be pardoned of all former offenses The lord Louell vpon this proclamation either putting mistrust in his souldiers or fearing himselfe in his owne behalfe fled priuilie in a night from his companie and left them as a flocke of shéepe without a shéepeheard Which departure of the lord when his armie vnderstood it put the soldiours in such despaire of atchiuing anie further enterprise that they immediatlie put off their armour and came directlie vnto the duke euerie man humblie submitting himselfe and desiring pardon of his offenses So in this wise was that dangerous storme and cruell rage of those furious rebels appeased which was doubted would haue growne to the destruction of manie a man The lord Louell the procurer of this businesse escaping awaie got him into Lancashire and there for a certeine space lay lurking in secret with sir Thomas Broughton knight which in those parties was a man of no small authoritie and power Sir Humfreie Stafford also hearing what had happened to the lord Louell in great displeasure and sorrowe and for feare left his enterprise and in like manner fled and tooke sanctuarie at Colnham a village not past two miles from Abindon But bicause that sanctuarie was not a sufficient defense as was prooued before the iustices of the kings Bench for traitours he was taken from that place brought to the Tower after put to execution at Tiborne but his brother Thomas that was with him was pardoned bicause he was thought not to haue attempted anie thing of himselfe otherwise than by the euill counsell and persuasion of his elder brother After that the king had quieted all these commotions and tumults and reformed the rude and brabling people of the North parts he returned to London ¶ In this yeare Iohn Persiuall one of the maior of Londons officers
were persuaded than vanquished taught than ouerthrowne quietlie pacified than rigorouslie persecuted Ye require to haue the statute of six articles reuiued And know you what ye require Or know ye what ease ye haue with the losse of them They were lawes made but quicklie repented too bloudie they were to be borne of our people yet at the first in deed made of some necessitie Oh subiects how are ye trapped by euill persons We of pitie bicause they were bloudie tooke them awaie and you now of ignorance will aske them againe You know full well that they helped vs to extend rigour and gaue vs cause to draw our sword verie often And since our mercie mooued vs to write our lawes with milke and equitie how are ye blinded to aske them in bloud But leauing this maner of reasoning and resorting to the truth of our authoritie we let you wit the same hath béene adnulled by parlement with great reioise of our subiects and not now to be called in question And dareth anie of you with the name of a subiect stand against an act of parlement a law of the realme What is our power if lawes should be thus neglected Or what is your suertie if lawes be not kept Assure you most suerlie that we of no earthlie thing vnder the heauen make such reputation as we doo of this one to haue our lawes obeied this cause of God to be throughlie mainteined from the which we will neuer remoue a heares bredth nor giue place to anie creature liuing but therein will spend our whole roiall person our crowne treasure realme and all our state whereof we assure you of our high honor For herein resteth our honor herein doo all kings knowledge vs a king And shall anie one of you dare breath or thinke against our kingdome and crowne In the end of this your request as we be giuen to vnderstand ye would haue them stand in force till our full age To this we thinke that if ye knew what ye spake ye would not haue vttred the motion nor neuer giuen breath to such a thought For what thinke you of our kingdome Be we of lesse authoritie for our age Be we not your king now as we shall be Shall ye be subiects hereafter and now are ye not Haue we not the right we shall haue If ye would suspend and hang our dooings in doubt vntill our full age ye must first know as a king we haue no difference of yeares but as a naturall man and creature of God we haue youth and by his sufferance shall haue age We are your rightfull king your liege lord the souereigne prince of England not by our age but by Gods ordinance not onelie when we shall be one and twentie yeares of age but when we were of ten yéers We possesse our crowne not by yeares but by the bloud and descent from our father king Henrie the eight If it be considered they which mooue this matter if they durst vtter themselues would denie our kingdome But our good subiects know their prince and will increase not diminish his honor inlarge his power not abate it knowledge his kingdome not deferre it to certeine yeares All is one to speake against our crowne and to denie our kingdome as to require that our lawes maie be broken vnto one and twentie yeares Be we not your crowned annointed and established king Wherein be we of lesse maiestie of lesse authoritie or lesse state than our progenitors kings of this realme except your vnkindnes your vnnaturalnesse will diminish our estimation We haue hitherto since the death of our father by the good aduise and counsell of our deare and intirelie beloued vncle the duke of Summerset and gouernor and protector kept our estate mainteined our realme preserued our honour defended our people from all enimies We haue hitherto béene feared and dread of our enimies yea of princes kings and nations Yea herein we be nothing inferiour to anie our progenitors which grace we acknowledge to be giuen vs from God and how else but by good obedience line 10 good counsell of our magistrates and by the authoritie of our kingdome England hitherto hath gained honour during our reigne it hath woone of the enimie and not lost It hath béene maruelled that wée of so yoong yeares haue reigned so noblie so roiallie so quietlie And how chanceth that you our louing subiects of that our countrie of Cornewall and Deuonshire will giue occasion to slander this our realme of England to giue courage to the enimie to note our realme of line 20 the euill of rebellion to make it a preie to our old enimies to diminish our honour which God hath giuen our father left our good vncle and councell preserued vnto vs What greater euill could ye commit than euen now when our forren enimie in Scotland and vpon the sea seeketh to inuade vs to doo our realme dishonour than to arise in this maner against our law to prouoke our wrath to aske our vengeance and to giue vs an occasion to spend that force vâ—on you which we meant to bestow vpon our enimies to line 30 begin to slaie you with that sword that we drew forth against Scots and other enimies to make a conquest of our owne people which otherwise should haue beene of the whole realme of Scotland Thus farre we haue descended from our high maiestie for loue to consider you in your simple ignorance and haue béene content to send you an instruction like a father who of iustice might haue sent you your destructions like a king to rebels And now we let you know that as you sée our mercie abundantlie line 40 so if ye prouoke vs further we sweare to you by the liuing God ye shall féele the power of the same God in our sword which how mightie it is no subiect knoweth how puissant it is no priuat man can iudge how mortall no Englishman dare thinke But suerlie suerlie as your lord and prince your onlie king and maister we saie to you repent your selues and take our mercie without delaie or else we will foorthwith extend our princelie power and execute our sharpe sword against you as against infidels line 50 and Turks and rather aduenture our owne roiall person state and power than the same should not be executed And if you will proue the example of our mercie learne of certeine which latlie did arise as they perceiuing pretended some griefes and yet acknowledging their offenses haue not onelie most humblie their pardon but féele also by our order to whome onelie all publike order apperteineth present redresse of their griefes In the end we admonish you of line 60 your duties to God whome ye shall answere in the daie of the Lord of your duties toward vs whom ye shall answere by our order and take our mercie whilest God so inclineth vs least when ye shall be constreined to aske we shall be two much hardened in heart to grant it
such as be declared in the fiue and twentith yeare of king Edward the third both which statutes I pray you my lords maie be read here to the inquest No sir there shall be no bookes brought at your desire we doo all know the law sufficientlie without booke Doo you bring me hither to trie me by the law will not shew me the law What is your knowlege of the law to these mens satisfactions which haue my triall in hand I praie you my lords and my lords all let the statutes be read as well for the quéene as for me My lord chiefe iustice can shew the law and will if the iurie doo doubt of anie point You know it were indifferent that I should know and heare the law whereby I am adiudged and for asmuch as the statute is in English men of meaner learning than the iustices can vnderstand it or else how should we know when we offend You know not what belongeth to your case and therefore we must teach you it apperteineth not to line 10 vs to prouide bookes for you neither sit we here to be taught of you you should haue taken better héed to the law before you had come hither Because I am ignorant I would learne and therefore I haue more néed to sée the law and partlie as well for the instructions of the iurie as for my own satisfaction which mee thinke were for the honor of this presence And now if it please you my lord chiefe iustice I doo direct my spéech speciallie to you line 20 What time it pleased the quéenes maiestie to call you to this honorable office I did learne of a great personage of hir highnesse priuie councell that amongst other good instructions hir maiestie charged and inioined you to minister the law and iustice indifferentlie without respect of persons And notwithstanding the old error amongst you which did not admit anie witnesse to speake or anie other matter to be heard in the fauor of the aduersarie hir maiestie being partie hir highnesse pleasure was line 30 that whatsoeuer could be brought in the fauor of the subiect should be admitted to be heard And moreouer that you speciallie likewise all other iustices should not persuade themselues to sit in iudgement otherwise for hir highnesse than for hir subiect Therefore this maner of indifferent proceeding being principallie inioined by Gods commandement which I had thought partlie to haue remembred you others here in commission in the beginning if I might haue had leaue and the same also being commanded line 40 you by the quéens owne mouth me thinke you ought of right to suffer me to haue the statutes read openlie and also to reiect nothing that could be spoken in my defense and in thus dooing you shall shew your selues woorthie ministers and fit for so woorthie a mistresse You mistake the matter the queene spake those words to maister Morgan chiefe iustice of the common plées but you haue no â—ause to complaine for you haue béene suffered to talke at your pleasure line 50 What would you doo with the statute booke The iurie dooth not require it they haue heard the euidence and they must vpon their conscience trie whether you be guiltie or no so as the booke needeth not if they will not credit the euidence so apparant then they know not what they haue to doo You ought not to haue anie books read here at your appointment for where dooth arise anie doubt in the law the iudges sit here to informe the court and now you doo but spend time line 60 I pray you my lord chiefe iustice repeat the euidence for the queene and giue the iurie their charge for the prisoner will kéepe you here all daie How saie you Haue you anie more to saie for your selfe You seeme to giue and offer me the law but in verie déed I haue onelie the forme and image of the law neuerthelesse sith I cannot be suffered to haue the statutes red openlie in the booke I will by your patience gesse at them as I maie and I praie you to helpe me if I mistake for it is long since I did sée them The statute of repeale made the last parlement hath these words Be it enacted by the quéene that from henceforth none act deed or offense being by act of parlement or statute made treason petit treason or misprision of treason by words writing printing ciphering déeds or otherwise whatsoeuer shall be taken had déemed or adiudged treason petit treason but onelie such as be declared or expressed to be treason in or by an act of parlement made in the fiue and twentith yeare of Edward the third touching and concerning treasons and the declaration of treasons and none other Here may you sée this statute dooth referre all the offenses aforesaid to the statute of the fiue and twentith yeare of Edward the third which statute hath these words touching and concerning the treasons that I am indicted and arreigned of that is to saie Whosoeuer dooth compasse or imagine the death of the king or leuie warre against the king in his realme or being adherent to the kings enimies within this realme or elsewhere and be thereof probablie attainted by open déed by people of their condition shall be adiudged a traitor Now I praie you of my iurie which haue my life in triall note well what things at this daie be treasons and how these treasons must be tried and decerned that is to say by open déed which the lawes dooth at some time terme Ouert act And now I aske notwithstanding my indictment which is but matter alleged where dooth appeare the open déed of anie compassing or imagining the queenes death Or where dooth appeare anie open déed of being adherent to the quéens enimies giuing to them aid and comfort Or where dooth appeare anie open déed of taking the tower of London Why doo not you of the quéenes learned councell answer him Me thinke Throckmorton you need not haue the statutes for you haue them méetlie perfectlie You are deceiued to conclude all treasons in the statute of the fiue and twentith yeare of Edward the third for that statute is but a declaration of certeine treasons which were treasons before at the common law Euen so there dooth remaine diuerse other treasons at this daie at the common law which be expressed by that statute as the iudges can declare Neuerthelesse there is matter sufficient alleged and prooued against you to bring you within the compasse of the same statute I praie you expresse those matters that bring me within the compasse of the statute of Edward the third For the words be these And be thereof attainted by open déed By people of like condition Throckmorton you deceiue your selfe and mistake these words By people of their condition For thereby the law dooth vnderstand the discouering of your treasons
themselues nor they shall not suffer anie other folkes to haue anie recourse by their meanes to wash anie bucks or other clothes neither woollen or linnen at the well nor in anie other part of the same yards but onelie themselues for annoieng of the tenants with filth foule waters running through their yards houses there adioining And if anie of the rest of the said widowes doo or shall know that anie of them or more haue offended anie of these articles aforesaid and doo not shew the same vnto such persons as shall haue authoritie to correct and amend the same then all such persons shall be in the like danger as the partie that hath so offended if it may be proued that they did know thereof and if they or anie of them shall offend in anie of these articles they shall be put from their houses as is aforesaid and not be admitted anie more into anie of them 4 Also I will that they and either of them shall most vsuallie vse the parish church of saint Benets néere Paules wharfe and especiallie vpon the sabboth daie and vpon mondaie wednesdaie and fridaie in euerie wéeke if there be anie seruice in the same church on the said daies and if they or anie of them shall be absent from the same church at seruice time being in the citie and being not sicke they shall paie two pence for euerie time so offending which shall be put into the poores bore among themselues or into the poores box in the said parish church 5 Also I will that none of them doo occupie anie water aboue the staires of anie of the same houses for decaieng of the same houses and perishing of the séelings and if anie of them shall so offend she or they shall loose the fiue shillings that they should receiue the next quarter daie following by vertue of my will 6 Also I will haue them to put in two sufficient suertis to be bound in twentie pounds before they be admitted into anie of the same houses to performe these articles or else to auoid the said houses within twentie daies as is aforesaid quietlie 7 Also I will that the two widowes that doo or shall dwell in the two houses next the stréet on either side of the gate shall hang out one lanthorne betwéene them both and a whole candell in it burning according vnto the custome in the citie of London vsed in the winter season that is to saie the one widow one wéeke to hang it out and the other widow another wéeke and so to continue from time to time and the said lanthorne to be mainteined by those two widowes that shall haue the hanging of them out And I will that they doo mainteine them to be faire large and cléere lanthorns and for the prouision of the candels I will that the other foure widowes dwelling in the other foure houses shall buie either of them one pound of cotton candels and deliuer them vnto the two widowes that shall hang out the lanthorne so as alwaies there shall not be aboue ten candels in the pound And if any of the same widows shall not performe this my meaning I will that twise so much more as will performe the premisses shall be staid out of the fiue shillings that they or either of them should receiue the next quarter daie following by vertue of my last will and testament God grant that they which are better able may haue no lesse good will to doo the like or better that the godlie poore may be relieued here on earth vpon whom be it litle or much that is bestowed Christ Iesus no doubt will reward it a hundred fold in heauen and who would not by workes of faithfull charitie line 10 endeuour to dwell in God whome the scripture calleth charitie Considering that the apostle exhorteth all christians in no case to forget to doo good and distribute sith with such sacrifices he is well pleased On the 12 daie of Nouember the quéens maiestie returning after hir progresse came to hir manor of S. Iames where the citizens of London to the number of two hundred of the grauest sort in cotes of veluet and chaines of gold on horssebacke and a thousand of the companies on foot hauing with line 20 them a thousand men with torches readie there to giue light on euerie side for that the night drew on receiued and welcomed hir grace And on the foure and twentith daie of the same moneth hir maiestie and the lords rode to the parlement which was that daie begun at Westminster ¶ In the foresaid parlement held at Westminster were manie necessarie lawes ordeined for the commonwealth amongst which was one speciall act procured by sir Roger Manwood knight thiefe baron of line 30 the excheker for the maintenance of the famous stone bridge of Rochester And here bicause there is mention made of sir Roger Manwood Rochester bridge I thinke it conuenient sith I haue alwaies determined to set foorth what soeuer might come to my mind and pen touching my sweet and natiue countrie of Kent and such persons of the same as either by honorable descent in that countrie or by office of hie place in the commonwealth or by worthie remembrance deserue not to be forgotten to speake line 40 somewhat of the same sir Roger Manwood and such things as he hath doone for that countrie especiallie sith master Lambard a man of rare iudgement hath not for gotten to treat of him in his booke of the perambulation of Kent vnder the title of Sandwich Wherfore thinking him worthie remembrance for that which he hath doone in his owne countrie of Kent I enter in discourse of him a Kentishman â—n this sort This man being borne at Sandwich in the yeare of our redemption one thousand fiue hundred and line 50 fiue and twentie was first instructed in the grammar schoole of that towne as then but a meane thing and taught by a chanterie préest of the foundation of one Thomas Ellis Afterwards when as by dissolution of chanteries in the time of king Edward the sixt this chanterie schoole was taken away the children of the townes people being manie in number were forced to be taught in the grammar schooles far distant from Sandwich to the great charges of their parents whereby manie poore mens children line 60 for capacitie and paines taking méet for learning were put by the course of learning which otherwise might haue prooued learned and become good members of the commonwealth the said sir Roger Manwood by stâ—die in the law and reader in the inner temple well considering the same and minding to restore to Sandwich towne his birth place a better grammar schoole than thaâ— wherein he was first brought vp did in the yeare of our redemption one thousand fiue hundred thrée scoâ—e and three vpon his mâ—nie charges procure from the deâ—â—e chapter of Christs church of
armes on the duke of Burgognions side year 1430 one Franquet and his band of three hundred souldiers making all towards the maintenance of the siege the Pusell Ione and a foure hundred with hir did méet In great courage and force did she and hir people sundrie times assaile him but he with his though much vnder in number by meanes of his archers in good order set did so hardilie withstand them that for the first and second push she rather lost than wan Wherat this captinesse striken into a fretting chafe called out in all hast the garrison of Laignie and from other the forts thereabout who thicke and threefold came downe with might and maine in armour and number so far excéeding Franquets that though they had doone hir much hurt in hir horsemen yet by the verie multitude were they oppressed most in hir furie put to the sword as for to Franquet that worthie capteine himselfe hir rage not appeased till out of hand she had his head stroken off contrarie to all manhood but she was a woman if she were that contrarie to common right law of armes The man for his merits was verie much lamented and she by hir malice then found of what spirit she was After this the duke of Burgognie accompanied with the earles of Arundell and Suffolke and the lord Iohn of Lutzenburgh besieged the towne of Campiegne with a great puissance This towne was well walled manned and vittelled so that the besiegers were constreined to cast trenches and make mines for otherwise they saw not how to compasse their purpose In the meane time it happened in the night of the Ascension of our Lord that Poiton de Saintreiles Ione la Pusell and fiue or six hundred line 10 men of armes issued out by the bridge toward Mondedier intending to set fire in the tents and lodgings of the lord Bawdo de Noielle ¶ In this yeare of our Lord among diuerse notable men of learning and knowledge one Richard Fleming English borne a doctor of diuinitie professed in Oxford did flourish who by the prouidence of God grew in such fauour with this king Henrie the sixt the nobles néere about him that he was preferred line 20 to the bishops see of Lincolne This man founded Lincolne college in Oxford in which vniuersitie he had beene a profitable student Diuerse bookes he wrote as the vniuersitie librarie dooth beare witnesse whereof these following haue béene séene vnder their names and titles to wit A protestation against the Spaniards the Frenchmen and the Scots made in the generall councell holden at Sens one booke of the Etymologie of England besides diuerse other treatises as Gesner reporteth Ex bibliotheca Oxonij aforesaid line 30 At the verie same time that Campeigne was besieged as before is said sir Iohn of Lutzenburgh with eight other gentlemen chanced to be néere vnto the lodging of the said lord Bawdo where they espied the Frenchmen which began to cut downe tents ouerthrow pauilions kill men in their beds whervpon they with all speed assembled a great number of men as well English as Burgognions and couragiouslie set on the Frenchmen and in the end beat line 40 them backe into the towne so that they fled so fast that one letted another as they would haue entered In the chase and pursute was the Pusell taken with diuerse other besides those that were slaine which were no small number Diuerse were hurt also on both parts Among the Englishmen sir Iohn Montgomerie had his arme broken and sir Iohn Steward was shot into the thigh with a quarell As before ye haue heard somewhat of this damsels strange beginning and proceedings so sith the line 50 ending of all such miraclemongers dooth for the most part plainelie decipher the vertue and power that they worke by hir shall ye be aduertised what at last became of hir cast your opinions as ye haue cause Of hir louers the Frenchmen reporteth one how in Campeigne thus besieged Guillaume de Flauie the capteine hauing sold hir aforehand to the lord of Lutzenburgh vnder colour of hasting hir with a band out of the towne towards their king for him with spéed to come and leauie the siege there so gotten hir line 60 foorth he shut the gates after hir when anon by the Burgognians set vpon and ouermatcht in the conflict she was taken marie yet all things accounted to no small maruell how it could come so to passe had she béene of any deuotion or of true beléefe and no false miscreant but all holie as she made it For earlie that morning she gat hir to saint Iameses church confessed hir and receiued hir maker as the booke termes it and after setting hir selfe to a piller manie of the townesmen that with a fiue or six score of their children stood about there to see hir vnto them quod she Good children and my déere freends I tell you plaine one hath sold me I am betraied and shortlie shall be deliuered to death I beséech you praie to God for me for I shall neuer haue more power to doo seruice either to the king or to the realme of France againe Saith another booke she was intrapt by a Picard capteine of Soissons who sold that citie to the duke of Burgognie and he then put it ouer into the hands of the lord of Lutzenburgh so by that meanes the Burgognians approched and besieged Campeigne for succour whereof as damsell Ione with hir capteins from Laignie was thither come and dailie to the English gaue manie a hot skirmish so happened it one a daie in an outsallie that she made by a Picard of the lord of Lutzenburghs band in the fiercest of hir fight she was taken and by him by and by to his lord presented who sold hir ouer againe to the English who for witchcraft and sorcerie burnt hir at Rone Tillet telleth it thus that she was caught at Campeigne by one of the earle of Ligneis soldiers from him had to Beaureuoir castell where kept a thrée months she was after for ten thousand pounds in monie and thrée hundred pounds rent all Turnois sold into the English hands In which for hir pranks so vncoush and suspicious the lord regent by Peter Chauchon bishop of Beauuois in whose diocesse she was taken caused hir life and beléefe after order of law to be inquired vpon and examined Wherein found though a virgin yet first shamefullie reiecting hir sex abominablie in acts and apparell to haue counterfeit mankind and then all damnablie faithlesse to be a pernicious instrument to hostilitie and bloudshed in diuelish witchcraft and sorcerie sentence accordinglie was pronounced against hir Howbeit vpon humble confession of hir iniquities with a counterfeit contrition pretending a carefull sorow for the same execution spared and all mollified into this that from thencefoorth she should cast off hir vnnaturall wearing of mans abilliments and kéepe hir to garments of
Bale it should appeare he became a frier Carmelit in Bristow Henrie Wichingham a Carmelit frier of Norwich a notable diuine a great preacher and wrote also sundrie treatises of diuinitie Iohn Lidgate a monke of Burie an excellent poet and chiefe in his time in that facultie of all other that practised the same within this land he trauelled thorough France and Italie to learne the languages and sciences how greatlie he profited in atteining to knowledge the workes which he wrote doo sufficientlie testifie Nicholas Hostresham an excellent physician Iohn Blackeneie a religious man of the order of the Trinitie intituled De redemptione captiuorum and prior of an house of the same order at Ingham in Norffolke he was surnamed Blackeneie of the towne where he was borne Thomas Beckington bishop of Bath wrote against the law Salique by which law the Frenchmen would seclude the princes of this realme from their title vnto the crowne of France Iohn Baringham a Carmelite frier of Gippeswich in Suffolke Dauid Bois borne in Wales and a frier Carmelit professed in Glocester a doctor of diuinitie Iohn Brome an Augustine frier Michaell Trigurie a Cornishman borne whome for his excellencie and learning king Henrie the fift appointed to be gouernour of that schoole or vniuersitie which he instituted in the citie of Caen in Normandie after he had brought it vnder his subiection Iohn Amundisham a moonke of saint Albons Oswald Anglicus a moonke of the Chartreux order Iohn Keningale a Carmelit frier of Norwich Peter De sancta line 10 fide a Carmelit also of Norwich Reginald Pecocke bishop of Chichester of whome ye haue heard before he was borne in Wales and student in Oriall college in Oxenford where he procéeded doctor of diuinitie he wrote manie treatises touching the christian religion Iohn surnamed Burie of the towne where he was borne an Augustine frier in the towne of Clare in Suffolke Robert Fleming a man perfect in the Gréeke and Latine toong among whose works some haue line 20 béene séene vnder these titles namelie Lucubrationum Tiburtinarm lib. 1. a dictionarie in Gréeke and Latine and a worke in verse of sundrie kinds this man was of most fame in the yeare of our Lord 1470 which was in the tenth yeare of Edward the fourth though he were not obscure also in the daies of this Henrie the sixt Thomas Gascoigne borne at Hunfléete in Yorkeshire of that worshipfull familie of the Gascoignes there a doctor of diuinitie and chancellor of the vniuersitie of Oxenford William Stapilhart borne in Kent but by profession a white frier line 30 in London Robert Fimingham borne in Norffolke a Franciscan frier in Norwich Nicholas Montacute an historiographer Iohn Chandler chancellor of Welles William Botoner descended of a good house a knight by degrée and borne in Bristow verie studious in antiquities and other sciences Iohn Stow a monke of Norwich but student in Oxenford where he procéeded doctor of diuinitie Thomas Langleie a monke of Hulme Nicholas Bungeie borne in a towne of Norffolke of that line 40 name wrote an historie called Adunationes chronicorum Henrie Beauford bishop of Winchester base sonne to Iohn duke of Lancaster of whome before we haue made sufficient mention made cardinall by pope Martine the fourth in the yeare 1426 Adam Homlington a Carmelit frier William Coppinger maister of the vniuersitie of Oxenford Thomas Stacie an expert mathematician and no lesse skilfull in astronomie Iohn Talaugerne a moonke of Worcester William Sutton an astrologian Robert Balsacke wrote a booke intituled De re militari that is to saie of warre or chiualrie so that as is thought he was both a good souldier and a painefull student of good letters Thomas Dando a Carmelit frier of Marleburgh he wrote the life of Alphred king of west Saxons William Graie borne of the noble house of the Graies of Codnor he went to atteine to some excellencie of learning in Italie where he heard that noble clearke Guarinus Ueronensis read in Ferrara he was preferred to the bishoprike of Elie in the yéere 1454 by pope Nicholas the fift when Thomas Bourchier was translated from thense to Canturburie Iohn Kempe archbishop of Yorke and after remooued from thense to Canturburie as before ye haue heard he was made cardinall of S. Albin by pope Eugenie the fourth Adam Molins as Bale calleth him kéeper of the kings priuie seale excellentlie learned in time of the ciuill warre betwixt king Henrie and the duke of Yorke in which he lost his head Thomas Chillenden a doctor both of the law ciuill and canon became at length a moonke in Canturburie Robert Bale surnamed the elder excellentlie learned in the lawes of the realme recorder of London gathered as it were a chronicle of the customes lawes foundations changes restoring magistrats offices orders and publike assemblies of the citie of London with other matters touching the perfect description of the same citie he wrote other works also touching the state of the same citie and the acts of king Edward the third he departed this life in the yeare of our Lord 1461 euen about the beginning of the reigne of king Edward the fourth vnto whome we will now againe returne Thus farre the tragicall historie of Henrie the sixt depriued of his roialtie Edward the fourth earle of March sonne and heire to Richard duke of Yorke AFter that this prince Edward earle of March had taken vpon him the gouernement of this realme of England as before ye haue heard the morow next insuing being the fourth of March he rode to the church of saint Paule and there offered and after Te Deum soong with great solemnitie he was conueied to Westminster and there set in the hall with the scepter roiall in his hand whereto people in great numbers assembled His claime to the crowne was declared to be by two maner of waies the first as sonne and heire to duke Richard his father right inheritor to the same the second by authoritie of parlement and forfeiture committed by king Henrie Wherevpon it was againe demanded of the commons if they would admit and take the said erle as their prince and souereigne lord which all with one voice cried Yea yea This part thus plaied he entered into Westminster church vnder a canopie with solemne procession and there as king offered and herewith taking the homages of all the nobles there present he returned by water to London and was lodged in the bishops palace and on the morrow after he was proclamed king by the name of Edward the fourth throughout the citie This was in the yeare of the world 5427 and after the birth of our Sauiour 1461 after our accompt beginning the yeare at Christmasse but after line 10 the vsuall accompt of the church of England 1460 the twentith of emperour Frederike the third the nine and thirtith and last of Charles the seuenth French king and first yeare of the reigne of Iames the third king of Scots Whilest
such due and lawfull forme as in such cases the law prouideth till they had compounded to paie great fines and ransomes line 60 Moreouer the kings wards after they had accomplished their full age could not be suffered to sue their liueries till they had paied excessiue fines and ransomes vnto their great annoiance losse and disquieting and to no lesse contempt of the said king And further whereas diuerse persons had béene outlawed as well at the sute of their aduersaries as of the said late king they could not be allowed to purchase their charters of pardon out of the chancerie according to the law of the realme till they were driuen to answer halfe the issues and profits of all their lands and tenements by the space of two yeares which the king receiued to his vse by the said Richard Empsons procurement who informed him that hée might lawfullie take the same although he knew that it was contrarie to the lawes and customes of the realme Wherevpon the people vexed and molested by such hard dealings sore grudged against the said late king to the great perill and danger of his person and realme and subuersion of the lawes and ancient customes thereof Also it was alleged against the said Empson that he had sent foorth precepts directed vnto diuerse persons commanding them vpon great penalties to appeare before him and other his associats at certeine daies and times within his house in S. Brides parish in a ward of London called Farringdon without where they making their appearances according to the same precepts were impleaded afore him and other his said associats of diuerse murthers felonies outlawries and of the articles in the statute of prouisors conteined also of wilfull escapes of felonies and such like matters and articles apperteining to the plées of the crowne and common lawes of the realme And that doone the said persons were committed to diuerse prisons as the Fléet the Tower and other places where they were deteined till they had fined at his pleasure as well for the commoditie of the said late king as for the singular aduantage of the said sir Richard Empson Moreouer whereas the said Empson being recorder of Couentrie and there sate with the maior and other iustices of the peace vpon a speciall gaole deliuerie within that citie on the monday before the feast of saint Thomas the apostle in the sixtéenth yeare of the late kings reigne a prisoner that had beene indicted of felonie for taking out of an house in that citie certeine goods to the value of twentie shillings was arreigned before them And bicause the iurie would not find the said prisoner giltie for want of sufficient euidince as they after alleged the said sir Richard Empson supposing the same euidence to be sufficient caused them to be committed to ward wherein they remained foure daies togither till they were contented to enter bond in fortie pounds a péece to appeare before the king and his councell the second returne of the tearme then next insuing being Quindena Hilarij Wherevpon they kéeping their daie and appearing before the said sir Richard Empson and other of the kings councell according to their bonds were adiudged to paie euerie of them eight pounds for a fine and accordinglie made paiment thereof as they were then thought well worthie so to doo But now this matter so long past was still kept in memorie and so earnest some were to inforce it to the vttermost against the said Empson that in a sessions holden at Couentrie now in this first yeare of this kings reigne an indictment was framed against him for this matter and thereof he was found giltie as if therein he had committed some great and heinous offense against the kings peace his crowne and dignitie Thus haue I thought good to shew what I find hereof to the end ye may perceiue how glad men were to find some colour of sufficient matter to bring the said sir Richard Empson and maister Edmund Dudleie within danger of the lawes whereby at length they were not onelie condemned by act of parlement through malice of such as might séeme to seeke their destruction for priuat grudges but in the end also they were arreigned as first the said Edmund Dudleie in the Guildhall of London the seuentéenth of Iulie and sir Richard Empson at Northampton in October next insuing and being there condemned was from thence brought backe againe to the Tower of London where he remained till the time of his execution as after yée shall heare This yeare the plague was great and reigned in diuerse parts of this realme The king kept his Christmas at Richmond The twelfe of Ianuarie diuerse gentlemen prepared to iust and the king and one of his priuie chamber called William Compton secretlie armed themselues in the little parke of Richmond so came into the iustes vnknowne to all persons The king neuer ran openlie before and did exceeding well Maister Compton chanced line 10 to be sore hurt by Edward Neuill esquier brother to the lord of Aburgauennie so that he was like to haue died One person there was that knew the king and cried God saue the king and with that all the people were astonied and then the king discouered himselfe to the great comfort of the people The king soone after came to Westminster and there kept his Shrouetide with great bankettings dansings and other iollie pastimes And on a time the king in person accompanied line 20 with the earles of Essex Wilshire and other noble men to the number of twelue came suddenlie in a morning into the queenes chamber all apparelled in short coates of Kentish Kendall with hoodes on their heads hosen of the same euerie one of them his bow and arrowes and a sword and a buckler like outlawes or Robin Hoods men Whereat the queene the ladies and all other there were abashed as well for the strange sight as also for their sudden comming and after certeine danses and pastime made they departed On Shrouesundaie the same line 30 yeare the king prepared a goodlie banket in the parlement chamber at Westminster for all the ambassadors which then were here out of diuerse realmes and countries The banket being readie the king leading the quéene entered into the chamber then the ladies ambassadours and other noble men followed in order The king caused the queene to keepe the estate and then sate the ambassadours and ladies as they were marshalled by the K. who would not sit but walked line 40 from place to place making cheare to the quéene and the strangers suddenlie the king was gone And shorlie after his grace with the earle of Essex came in apparelled after the Turkie fashion in long robes of baudekin powdered with gold hats on their heds of crimsin veluet with great rolles of gold girded with two swords called cimiteries hanging by great bauderiks of gold Then next came the lord Henrie earle of
guiltie to the matter the king appointed sir Thomas Wriotheslie his maiesties secretarie to go vnto him and to deliuer to him a ring with a rich diamond for a token from him to will him to be of good chéere For although in that so weightie a matter he would not haue doone lesse to him if he had béene his owne son yet now vpon through triall had sith it was manifestlie proued that he was void of all offense he was sorie that he had béene occasioned so farre to trie his truth and therefore willed him to be of good chéere and comfort for he should find that he would make accompt of him as of his most true and faithfull kinsman and not onelie restore him to his former libertie but otherwise forth he readie to pleasure him in what he could Master secretarie set foorth this message with such effectuall words as he was an eloquent and well spoken man that the lord Lisle tooke such immoderate ioy thereof that his hart being oppressed therwith he died the night following through too much reioising After his deceasse the twelfe of the same moneth of March sir Iohn Audeleie sonne and heire to the said lord Lisles wife was at Westminster created vicount Lisle ¶ The seuentéenth of March one Margaret Dauie a yoong woman being a seruant was boiled in Smithfield for poisoning of hir mistres with whome she dwelt and diuerse other persons In the Lent season whilest the parlement yet continued one George Ferrers gentleman seruant to the king being elected a burgesse for the towne of Plimmouth in the countie of Deuonshire in going to the parlement house was arrested in London by a processe out of the Kings bench at the sute of one White for the sum of two hundred markes or thereabouts wherein he was late afore condemned as a suertie for the debt of one Weldon of Salisburie which arrest being signified to sir Thomas Moile knight then speaker of the parlement and to the knights and burgesses there order was taken that the sargeant of the parlement called S. Iohn should foorthwith repaire to the counter in Bredstréet whither the said Ferrers was caried and there demand deliuerie of the prisoner The sargeant as he had in charge went to the counter and declared to the clearks there what he had in commandement But they and other officers of the citie were so farre from obeieng the said commandement as after manie stout words they forciblie resisted the said sargeant whereof insued a fraie within the counter gates betwéene the said Ferrers and the said officers not without hurt of either part so that the said sargeant was driuen to defend himselfe with his mace of armes had the crowne thereof broken by bearing off a stroke and his man striken downe During this brall the shiriffes of London called Rowland Hill and Henrie Suckliffe came thither to whome the sargeant complained of this iniurie and required of them the deliuerie of the said burgesse as afore But they bearing with their officers made little accompt either of his complaint or of his message reiecting the same contemptuouslie with much proud language so as the sargeant was forced to returne without the prisoner wheras if they had obeied authoritie and shewed the seruice necessarilie required in their office and person they might by their discretion haue appeased all the broile for wisedome assuageth the outrage vnrestreinable furiousnes of war as the poet saith Instrumenta feri vincit sapientia belli The sargeant thus hardlie intreated made returne to the parlement house and finding the speaker and all the burgesses set in their places declared vnto them the whole case as it fell who tooke the same in so ill part that they altogither of whome there were not a few as well of the kings priuie councell as also of his priuie chamber would sit no longer without their burges but rose vp wholie and repaired to the line 10 vpper house where the whole case was declared by the mouth of the speaker before sir Thomas Audleie knight then lord chancellor of England and all the lords and iudges there assembled who iudging the contempt to be verie great referred the punishment thereof to the order of the common house They returning to their places againe vpon new debate of the case tooke order that their sargeant should eftsoones repaire to the shiriffe of London and require line 20 deliuerie of the said burgesse without anie writ or warrant had for the same but onelie as afore And yet the lord chancellor offered there to grant a writ which they of the common house refused being in a cléere opinion that all commandements and other acts of procéeding from the nether house were to be doone and executed by their sargeant without writ onelie by shew of his mace which was his warrant But before the sargeants returne into London the shiriffes hauing intelligence how heinouslie line 30 the matter was taken became somwhat more mild so as vpon the said second demand they deliuered the prisoner without anie deniall But the sargeant hauing then further in commandement from those of the nether house charged the said shiriffes to appeere personallie on the morrow by eight of the clocke before the speaker in the nether house and to bring thither the clearks of the counter and such officers as were parties to the said affraie and in like manner to take into his custodie the said White line 40 which wittinglie procured the said arest in contempt of the priuilege of the parlement Which commandement being doone by the said sargeant accordinglie on the morrow the two shiriffes with one of the clearks of the counter which was the chiefe occasion of the said affraie togither with the said White appeered in the common house where the speaker charging them with their contempt and misdemeanor aforesaid they were compelled to make immediat answer without being admitted line 50 to anie counsell Albeit sir Roger Cholmelcie then recorder of London and other of the councell of the citie there present offered to speake in the cause which were all put to silence and none suffered to speake but the parties themselues wherevpon in conclusion the said shiriffes and the same White were committed to the Tower of London and the said clearke which was the occasion of the affraie to a place there called litle ease and the officer of London which did the arrest called Tailor with foure other line 60 officers to Newgate where they remained from the eight twentith vntill the thirtith of March and then they were deliuered not without humble sute made by the maior of London other their fréends And for somuch as she said Ferrers being in execution vpon a condemnation of debt and set at large by priuilege of parlement was not by law to be brought againe into execution and so the partie without remedie for his debt as well against him as his principall debter after long debate
of the same by the space of nine or ten daies togither at last they resolued vpon an act of parlement to be made and to reuiue the execution of the said debt against the said Welden which was principall debter and to discharge the said Ferrers But before this came to passe the common house was diuided vpon the question howbeit in conclusion the act passed for the said Ferrers woone by fourtéene voices The king then being aduertised of all this procéeding called immediatlie before him the lord chancellor of England and his iudges with the speaker of the parlement and other of the grauest persons of the nether house to whome he declared his opinion to this effect First commending their wisedomes in mainteining the priuileges of their house which he would not haue to be infringed in anie point he alleged that he being head of the parlement and attending in his owne person vpon the businesse thereof ought in reason to haue priuilege for him and all his seruants attending there vpon him So that if the said Ferrers had beene no burgesse but onlie his seruant yet in respect thereof he was to haue the priuilege as well as anie other For I vnderstand quoth he that you not onelie for your owne persons but also for your necessarie seruants euen to your cookes and horssekéepers inioie the said priuilege in somuch as my lord chancellor here present hath informed vs that he being speaker of the parlement the cooke of the Temple was arrested in London and in execution vpon a statute of the staple And for somuch as the said cooke during all the parlement serued the speaker in that office he was taken out of execution by the priuilege of the parlement And further we be informed by our iudges that we at no time stand so highlie in our estate roiall as in the time of parlement wherein we as head and you as members are conioined and knit togither into one bodie politike so as whatsoeuer offense or iniurie during that time is offered to the meanest member of the house is to be iudged as doone against our person and the whole court of parlement Which prerogatiue of the court is so great as our learned councell informeth vs as all acts and processes comming out of anie other inferiour courts must for the time cease and giue place to the highest And touching the partie it was a great presumption in him knowing our seruant to be one of this house and being warned thereof before would neuerthelesse prosecute this matter out of time and therevpon was well worthie to haue lost his debt which I would not wish and therefore doo commend your equitie that hauing lost the same by law haue restored him to the same against him who was his debter And if it be well considered what a charge hath it béene to vs and you all not onelie in expense of our substance but also in losse of time which should haue béene imploied about the affaires of our realme to fit here welnigh one whole fortnight about this one priuat case he may thinke himselfe better vsed than his desert And this may be a good example to other to learne good maners not to attempt anie thing against the priuilege of this court but to take their time better This is mine opinion and if I erre I must referre my selfe to the iudgement of our iustices here present and other learned in our lawes Whervpon sir Edw. Montacute lord chiefe iustice verie grauelie told his opinion cōfirming by diuers reasons all that the king had said which was assented vnto by all the residue none speaking to the contrarie The act in déed passed not the higher house for the lords had not time to consider of it by reason of the dissolution of the parlement the feast of Easter then approching Bicause this case hath beene diuerslie reported and is commonlie alleged as a president for the priuilege of the parlement I haue endeuored my selfe to learne the truth thereof and so set it forth with the whole circumstance at large according to their instructions who ought best both to know and remember it This yeare in Maie the king tooke a lone of monie of all such as were valued at fiftie pounds and vpward in the subsidie bookes The lord priuie seale the bishop of Winchester sir Iohn Baker and sir Thomas Wriothesleie were commissioners about this lone in London where they so handled the matter that of some head citizens they obteined a thousand markes in prest to the kings vse They that laid line 10 forth anie summe in this wise had priuie scales for the repaiment thereof within two yeares next insuing Diuerse of the Irish nobilitie came this yeere into England and made their submission to the king as in the Irish chronicle it is more particularlie touched Also wars fell out betwixt England and Scotland the causes whereof as appeereth by a declaration set forth by the king of England at this present in effect were these First there were diuerse of the English rebels such as had moued the commotion line 20 in the north and Lincolneshire that fled into Scotland and were there mainteined and although request had béene made that they might be deliuered yet it would not be granted Moreouer where the king of Scots had promised to repaire vnto Yorke the last yeare and there to méet his vncle the king of England wherevpon the king of England to his great charges had made preparation for their méeting there the same was not line 30 onelie disappointed but also at the kings being at Yorke in lieu thereof an inuasion was made by the Scots as it were in contempt and despite of the king of England who notwithstanding imputing the default of méeting to the aduise of his nephues councell and the inuasion to the lewdnesse of his subiects was contented to giue courteous audience vnto such ambassadors as the same king of Scots sent into England which came to the king at Christmas last and with manie swéet and pleasant words excused that which was doone amisse sought to persuade line 40 kindnesse and perfect amitie in time to come And for the better accomplishment thereof they offered to send commissioners to the borders there to determine the debate betwixt them of the confines if it would please the king likewise to send commissioners for his part which to doo he gratiouslie condescended desirous to make triall of his nephue in some correspondence of deeds to the faire and pleasant messages in words which he had receiued from line 50 him Herevpon commissioners were sent from either king the which met and talked But where the Englishmen chalenged a peece of ground vndoubtedlie vsurped by the Scots being for the same shewed such euidence as more substantiall or more autentike can not be brought forth for anie ground within the realme the same was neuerthelesse by the Scots denied and reiected onelie for
disordered persons which stirred in other parts of the realme would haue ioined with them by force to haue disappointed and vndoone that which the prince by law and act of parlement in reformation of religion had ordeined and established But afterwards perceiuing how in most places such mischeefous mutinies and diuelish attempts as the commons had begun partlie by force and partlie by policie were appeased or that their cause being but onelie about plucking downe of inclosures and inlarging of commons was diuided from theirs so that either they would not or could not ioine with them in aid of their religious quarrell they began somewhat to doubt of their wicked begun enterprise Notwithstanding now sith they had gone so farre in the matter they thought there was no shrinking backe and therefore determining to proceed they fell to new deuises as first before all things to bring into their hands all such places of force wealth and defense as might in anie respect serue for their aid and furtherance Herevpon the second of Iulie they came before the citie of Excester incamping about the same in great numbers and vsed all waies and meanes they could deuise how to win it by force sometimes assaulting it right sharplie sometimes firing the gates otherwhiles vndermining the wals and at other times as occasions serued procuring skirmishes Finallie nothing was left vndoone which the enimie could imagine to serue his purpose for the winning of that citie And albeit there wanted not lustie stomachs among the citizens to withstand this outward force of the enimie yet in processe of time such scarsitie of bread and vittels increased that the people waxed weari◠loth to abide such extremitie of famine Howbeit the magistrats though it gréeued them to sée the multitude of the citizens in such distresse yet hauing a speciall regard of their dutie toward the prince and loue to the common-wealth left no waies vnsought to quiet the people staie them in their dutifull obedience to resist the enimies so that comforting the people with faire promises and reléeuing their necessities verie liberallie so farre as their power might extend did in such sort vse the matter that euerie of them within resolued with one generall consent to abide the end in hope of some spéedie reléefe And in the meane while when their corne and meale was consumed the gouernors of the citie caused bran and meale to be moulded vp in cloth for otherwise it would not sticke togither Also they caused some excursions to be made out of the citie to take and fetch into the citie such cattell as were found pasturing abroad néere to the wals which being brought in were distributed among the poore To conclude into such extremitie were the miserable citizens brought that albeit mans nature can scarselie abide to féed vpon anie vnaccustomed food yet these sillie men were glad to eat horsse flesh line 10 and to hold themselues well content therewith Whilest the siege thus remained before Excester the rebels spoiled and robbed the countrie abroad and laieng their traitorous heads togither they consulted vpon certeine articles to be sent vp to the king But herein such diuersitie of heads and wits was among them that for euerie kind of braine there was one maner of article so that neither appeared anie consent in their diuersitie nor yet anie constancie in their agréement Some séemed more tollerable others altogither vnreasonable some would haue no line 20 iustices some no state of gentlemen The priests euer harped vpon one string to ring the bishop of Rome into England againe and to hallow home cardinall Poole their countriman After much a doo at length a few articles were agréed vpon to be directed vnto the king with the names of certeine of their heads set therevnto the copie whereof here insueth The articles of the commons of Deuonshire and Cornewall sent to the king with answers afterward following vnto the same FIrst forsomuch as man except he be borne of water and the Holie-ghost can not enter into the kingdome of God and forsomuch as the gates of heauen be not line 40 open without this blessed sacrament of baptisme therefore we will that our curats shall minister this sacrament at all times of need as well on the wéeke daies as on the holie daies 2 Item we will haue our children confirmed of the bishop whensoeuer we shall within the diocesse resort vnto him 3 Item forsomuch as we constantlie beléeue that after the priest hath spoken the words of consecration being at masse there celebrating and consecrating the same there is verie reallie the bodie and line 50 bloud of our sauiour Iesus Christ God and man and that no substance of bread and wine remaineth after but the verie selfe same bodie that was borne of the virgin Marie and was giuen vpon the crosse for our redemption therefore we will haue masse celebrated as it hath beene in times past without anie man communicating with the priests forsomuch as manie rudelie presuming vnworthilie to receiue the same put no difference betweene the Lords bodie other kind of meat some saieng that it is bread before line 60 and after some saieng that it is profitable to no man except he receiue it with manie other abused termes 4 Item we will haue in our churches reseruation 5 Item we will haue holie bread and holie water in the remembrance of Christs pretious bodie and bloud 6 Item we will that our priests shall sing or saie with an audible voice Gods seruice in the quier of the parish churches and not Gods seruice to be set foorth like a Christmasse plaie 7 Item forsomuch as priests be men dedicated to God for ministring and celebrating the blessed sacraments and preaching of Gods word we will that they shall liue chast without marriage as saint Paule did being the elect and chosen vessell of God saieng vnto all honest priests Be you followers of me Item we will that the six articles which our souereigne lord king Henrie the eight set forth in his latter daies shall be vsed and so taken as they were at that time 9 Item we praie God saue king Edward for we be his both bodie and goods For the pacifieng of these rebels were appointed by the king and his councell sir Iohn Russell knight lord priuie seale the lord Greie of Wilton sir William Herbert after earle of Penbroke sir Iohn Paulet sir Hugh Paulet sir Thomas Speake and others with a conuenient power of men of warre both on horssebacke and foot Amongst others there were certeine strangers that came with my lord Greie as capteine Germane an Hennower with a band of horssemen most part Albanoises and Italians Also capteine Paule Baptist Spinola an Italian borne of a noble house in Genoa with a band of Italian footmen But now the lord priuie seale that was ordeined by the king and his councell generall of that armie vpon his first
at our manor of Keningall the ninth of Iulie 1553. To this letter of the ladie Marie the lords of the councell answered againe line 40 as followeth MAdam we haue receiued your letters the ninth of this instant declaring your supposed title which you iudge your selfe to haue to the imperiall crowne of this realme and all the dominions thereto belonging For answer wherof this is to aduertise you that forsomuch as our souereigne ladie quéene Iane is after the death of our souereigne lord Edward the sixt a prince of most noble memorie inuested and possessed line 50 with the iust and right title of the imperiall crowne of this realme not onelie by good order of old ancient good lawes of this realme but also by our late souereigne lords letters patents signed with his owne hand and sealed with the great seale of England in presence of the most part of the nobles councellors iudges with diuers other graue and sage personages assenting and subscribing to the same we must therefore as of most bound dutie and allegiance line 60 assent vnto hir said grace and to none other except we should which faithfull subiects cannot fall into gréeuous and vnspeakeable enormities Wherefore we can no lesse doo but for the quiet both of the realme and you also to aduertise you that forsomuch as the diuorse made betwéene the king of famous memorie king Henrie the eight and the ladie Katharine your mother was necessarie to be had both by the euerlasting lawes of God and also by the ecclesiasticall lawes and by the most part of the noble and learned vniuersities of christendome and confirmed also by the sundrie acts of parlements remaining yet in their force and thereby you iustlie made illegitimate and vnheritable to the crowne imperiall of this realme and the rules dominions and possessions of the same you will vpon iust consideration hereof and of diuers other causes lawfull to be alledged for the same and for the iust inheritance of the right line and godlie orders taken by the late king Edward the sixt and greatest personages aforesaid surcease by anie pretense to vex and molest anie of our souereigne ladie quéene Iane hir subiects from the true faith and allegiance due vnto hir grace assuring you that if you will for respect shew your selfe quiet and obedient as you ought you shall find vs all and seuerall readie to doo you aâ—â—e seruice that we with dutie may and to be glad of your quietnesse to preserue the common state of this realme wherein you may be otherwise gréeuous vnto vs to your selfe and to them And thus we bid you most hartilie well to fare From the tower of London this ninth of Iulie Your ladiships freends shewing your selfe an obedient subiect Thomas Canturburie the marquesse of Winchester Iohn Bedford William Northampton Thomas Elie chancellor Iohn Northumberland Henrie Suffolke Henrie Arundell Francis Shrewesburie William Penbroke Cobham R. Rich Huntington Darcie Cheineie R. Cotton Iohn Gates William Peter William Cecill Iohn Chéeke Iohn Mason Edward North Robert Bowes All these aforesaid except onelie the duke of Northumberland and sir Iohn Gates were either by speciall fauour or speciall or generall pardon discharged for this offense against hir committed after hir comming to be quéene But now vpon the receit of this answer vnderstanding by hir fréends that she could not lie in suertie at Keningall being a place open easie to be approched she remooued from thence vnto hir castell of Fremingham standing in a wood countrie not so easie to be inuaded by hir enimies So soone as the councell heard of hir sudden departure and considering that all came not to passe as they supposed they caused spéedilie a power of men to be gathered togither And first they agréed that the duke of Suffolke father to the new made quéene should haue the conduct and leading of the armie ¶ But afterward it was deuised and decréed vpon further considerations and by the speciall means of the ladie Iane his daughter who taking the matter heauilie with wéeping teares made request to the whole councell that hir father might tarrie at home in hir companie Wherevpon the councell persuaded with the duke of Northumberland to take that voiage vpon him saieng that no man was so fit therefore bicause that he had atchiued the victorie in Norffolke once alreadie and was therefore so feared that none durst once lift vp their weapon against him besides that he was the best man of warre in the realme as well for the ordering of his campes and souldiers both in battell and in their tents as also by experience knowledge and wisdome he could both animate his armie with wittie persuasions and also pacifie and allaie his enimies pride with his stout courage or else to dissuade them if néed were from their enterprise Finallie said they this is the short and the long the quéene will in no wise grant that hir father shall take it vpon him wherefore quoth they we thinke it good if it may please your grace it lieth in you to remedie the matter With these the like persuasions the duke was allured to put himselfe desperatlie vpon hazzard Non morte horrenda non vllis territus armis Insomuch that he reioined vpon their talke and said Well then sith yee thinke it good I and mine will go not doubting of your fidelitie to the queenes maiestie which now I leaue in your custodie So that night he sent for both lords knights and other that should go with him and caused all things to be prepared accordinglie Then went the councell in to the ladie Iane and told hir of their conclusion who humblie thanked the duke for reseruing hir father at home and beséeched him to vse his diligence whereto he answered that he would doo what in him laie The morrow following great preparation was made the duke earlie in the morning called for his line 10 owne harnesse and saw it made readie at Durham place where he appointed all his retinue to méet The same daie carts were laden with munition and artillerie and field péeces were set forward The same forenoone the duke mooued eftsoones the councell to send their powers after him as it was before determined the same to méet with him at Newmarket and they promised they would He said further to some of them My lords I and these other noble personages with the whole armie that line 20 now go foorth as well for the behalfe of you yours as for the establishing of the quéenes highnesse shall not onelie aduenture our bodies and liues amongst the bloudie strokes and cruell assaults of our aduersaries in the open fields but also we doo leaue the conseruation of our selues children and families at home here with you as altogither committed to your truth and fidelities whome if we thought ye would through malice conspiracie or dissention leane vs your fréends in the briers and betraie vs line 30 we could
As for example Wiat and the other rebels attainted for their great treasons alreadie declare you to be his and their adherent in as much as diuerse sundrie times you had conference with him and them about the treason so as Wiat is now one of your condition who as all the world knoweth hath committed an open traitorous fact By your leaue my lord this is a verie strange and singular vnderstanding For I suppose the meaning of the law-makers did vnderstand these words By people of their condition of the state and condition of those persons which should be on the inquest to trie the partie arreigned guiltie or not guiltie and nothing to the bewraieng of the offense by another mans act as you saie For what haue I to doo with Wiats acts that was not nigh him by one hundred miles Will you take vpon you to skill better of the law than the iudges I doubt not but you of the iurie will credit as it becommeth you Concerning the true vnderstanding of these words By people of their condition my lord chiefe iustice here hath declared the truth for Wiat was one of your condition that is to saie of your conspiracie You doo not denie Throckmorton but that there hath beene conference and sending betwéene Wiat and you and he and Winter dooth confesse the same with others so as it is plaine Wiat may be called one of your condition Well séeing you my iudges rule the vnderstanding of these words in the statute by people of your line 10 condition thus strangelie against me I will not stand longer vpon them But where dooth appeare in me an open déed wherevnto the treason is speciallie referred If thrée or foure doo talke deuise and conspire togither of a traitorous act to be doone and afterwards one of them dooth commit treason as Wiat did then the law dooth repute them and euerie of them as their acts so as Wiats acts doo implie and argue of your open déed and so the law dooth terme it and line 20 take it These be maruellous expositions and woonderfull implications that another mans act whereof I was not priuie should be accounted mine for Wiat did purge me that I knew nothing of his stirre Yea sir but you were a principall procurer and contriuer of Wiats rebellion though you were not with him when he made the stirre And as my lord here hath said the law alwaies dooth adiudge him a traitor which was priuie and dooth procure treason line 30 or anie other man to commit treason or a traitorous act as you did Wiat and others for so the Ouert act of those which did it by your procurement shall in this case be accounted your open deed We haue a common case in the law if one by procurement should disseize you of your land the law holdeth vs both wrong dooers giueth remedie as well against the one as the other For Gods sake applie not such constructions against me and though my present estate dooth not line 40 mooue you yet it were well you should consider your office and thinke what measure you giue to others you your selues I saie shall assuredlie receiue the same againe The state of mortall life is such that men know full little what hangeth ouer them I put on within these xij moneths such a mind that I most wofull wight was as vnlike to stand here as some of you that sit there As to your case last recited wherby you would conclude I haue remembred and learned of you maister Hare and you maister Stanford line 50 in the parlement house where you did sit to make lawes to expound and explane the ambiguities and doubts of law sincerelie and that without affections There I saie I learned of you and others my maisters of the law this difference betwixt such cases as you remembred one euen now and the statute whereby I am to be tried There is a maxime or principle in the law which ought not to be violated that no penall statute maie ought or should be line 60 construed expounded extended or wrested otherwise than the simple words and nude letter of the same statute dooth warrant and signifie And amongest diuerse good and notable reasons by you there in the parlement house debated maister sergeant Stanford I noted this one whie the said maxime ought to be inuiolable You said considering the priuate affections manie times both of princes and ministers within this realme for that they were men and would and could erre it should be no securitie but verie dangerous to the subiect to refer the construction and extending of penall statutes to anie iudges equitie as you termed it which might either by feare of the higher powers be seduced or by ignorance and follie abused and that is an answer by procurement Notwithstanding the principall as you alledge it and the precisenesse of your sticking to the bare words of the statute it dooth appéere and remaine of record in our learning that diuerse cases haue béene adiudged treason without the expresse words of the statute as the queenes learned councell there can declare It dooth appeere the prisoner did not onelie intise or procure Wiat Caro Rogers and others to commit their traitorous act and there dooth his open facts appéere which Uaughans confession dooth witnesse but also he did mind shortlie after to associat himselfe with those traitors for he minded to haue departed with the earle of Deuonshire westward My innocencie concerning these matters I trust sufficientlie appéereth by my former answers notwithstanding the condemned mans vniust accusation But because the true vnderstanding of the statute is in question I saie procurement and speciallie by words onelie is without the compasse of it and that I doo learne and prooue by the principle which I learned of maister Stanford Maister Throckmorton You and I maie not agrée this daie in the vnderstanding of the law for I am for the quéene and you are for your selfe the iudges must determine the matter He that dooth procure another man to commit a felonie or a murther I am sure you know well enough the law dooth adiudge the procurer there a felon or a murtherer and in case of treason it hath béene alwaies so taken and reputed I doo and must cleaue to my innocencie for I procured no man to commit treson but yet for my learning I desire to heare some case so ruled when the law was as it is now I doo confesse it that at such time there were statutes prouided for the procurer counsellor aider a better and such like as there were in king Henrie the eights time you might lawfullie make this cruell construction and bring the procurer within the compasse of the law But these statutes being repealed you ought not now so to doo and as to the principall procurer in felonie and murther it is not like as in treason for
the principall and accessaries in felonie and murther be triable and punishable by the common law and so in those cases the iudges maie vse their equitie extending the determination of the fault as they thinke good but in treson it is otherwise the same being limited by statute which I saie and aduow is restreined from anie iudges construction by the maxime that I recited Your lordships doo know a case in Richard the thirds time where the procurer to counterfeit false monie was iudged a traitor and the law was as it is now Maister sergeant dooth remember you Throckmorton of an experience before our time that the law hath béene so taken and yet the procurer was not expressed in the statute but the law hath béene alwaies so taken I neuer studied the law whereof I doo much repent me yet I remember whilest penall statutes were talked of in the parlement house you the learned men of the house remembred some cases contrarie to this last spoken of And if I missreport them I praie you helpe me In the like case you speake of concerning the procurer to counterfeit false monie at one time the procurer was iudged a felon and at another time neither felon nor traitor so as some of your predecessors adiudged the procurer no traitor in the same case but leaned to their principall though some other extend their constructions too large And here is two cases with me for one against me Because you replie vpon the principall I will remember where one taking the great seale of England from one writing and putting it to another was adiudged a traitor in Henrie the fourths time and yet his act was not within the expresse words of the statute of Edward the third There be diuerse other such like cases that maie be alledged and need were I praie you my lord chiefe iustice call to your good remembrance that in the selfe same case of the seale line 10 iustice Spilman a graue well learned man since that time would not condemne the offendor but did reprooue that former iudgement by you last remembred as erronious If I had thought you had béene so well furnished in booke cases I would haue béene better prouided for you I haue nothing but I learned of you speciallie maister sergeant and of others my maisters of the law in the parlement house therefore I maie saie line 20 with the prophet Salutem ex inimicis nostris You haue a verie good memorie If the prisoner maie auoid his treasons after this maner the quéenes suretie shall be in great ieopardie For Iacke Cade the blacke smith and diuerse other traitors sometime alledging the law for them sometime they meant no harme to the king but against his councell as Wiat the duke of Suffolke and these did against the Spaniards when there was no Spaniards within the realme The duke and his brethren did mistake the law as you doo yet at line 30 length did confesse their ignorance and submitted themselues and so were you best to doo As to Cade and the blacke smith I am not so well acquainted with their treasons as you be but I haue read in the chronicle they were in the field with a force against the prince whereby a manifest act did appéere As to the duke of Suffolkes dooings they apperteine not to me And though you would compare my spéech and talke against the Spaniards to the dukes acts who assembled a force in armes it is line 40 euident they differ much I am sorie to ingréeue anie other mans dooings but it serueth me for a péece of my defense and therefore I wish that no man should gather euill of it God forbid that words and acts be thus confounded Sir William Stanleie vsed this shift that the prisoner vseth now he said he did not leuie warre against king Henrie the seauenth but said to the duke of Buckingham that in a good quarrell he would line 50 aid him with fiue hundred men and neuerthelesse Stanleie was for those words atteinted who as all the world knoweth had before that time serued the king verie faithfullie and trulie I praie you maister attorneie doo not conclude against me by blind contraries Whether you alledge Stanlies case trulie or no I know not But admit it be as you saie what dooth this prooue against me I promised no aid to maister Wiat nor to anie other The duke of Buckingham leuied warre against line 60 the king with whome Stanleie was confederat so to doo as you saie I praie you my lords that be the queens commissioners suffer not the prisoner to vse the quéenes learned councell thus I was neuer interrupted thus in my life nor I neuer knew anie thus suffered to talke as this prisoner is suffered some of vs will come no more at the barre we be thus handled Throckmorton you must suffer the quéenes learned councell to speake or else we must take order with you you haue had leaue to talke at your pleasure It is prooued that you did talke with Wiat against the comming of the Spaniards and deuised to interrupt their arriuall and you promised to doo what you could against them wherevpon Wiat being incoraged by you did leuie a force and attempted warre against the quéenes roiall person It was no treason nor no procurement of treason to talke against the comming hither of the Spaniards neither was it treason for me to saie I would hinder their comming hither as much as I could vnderstanding me rightlie as I meane it yea though you would extend it to the worst it was but words it was not treason at this daie as the law standeth And as for Wiats dooing they touch me nothing for at his death when it was no time to report vntruelie he purged me By sundrie cases remembred here by the queenes learned councell as you haue heard that procurement which did appeare none otherwise but by words and those you would make nothing hath béene of long time and by sundrie well learned men in the lawes adiudged treason And therefore your procurement being so euident as it is we maie lawfullie saie it was treason bicause Wiat performed a traitorous act As to the said alleaged forepresidents against me I haue recited as manie for me and I would you my lord chiefe iustice should incline your iudgments rather after the example of your honourable predecessors iustice Markam and others which did eschue corrupt iudgements iudging directlie and sincerelie after the law the principles in the same than after such men as swaruing from the truth the maxime and the law did iudge corruptlie maliciouslie and affectionatlie Iustice Markam had reason to warrant his dooings for it did appeare a merchant of London was arreigned and slanderouslie accused of treason for compassing and imagining the kings death he did saie he would make his sonne heire
of the crowne and the merchant meant it of a house in Cheapside at the signe of the crowne but your case is not so My case dooth differ I grant but speciallie bicause I haue not such a iudge yet there is an other cause to restreine these your strange and extraordinarie constructions that is to saie a prouiso in the latter end of the statute of Edward the third hauing these words Prouided alwaies if anie other case of supposed treason shall chance hereafter to come in question or triall before anie iustice other than is in the said statute expressed that then the iustice shall forbeare to adiudge the said case vntill it be shewed to the parlement to trie whether it should be treason or felonie Here you are restreined by expresse words to adiudge anie case that is not manifestlie mentioned before and vntill it be shewed to the parlement That prouiso is vnderstood of cases that maie come in triall which hath béene in vre but the law hath alwaies taken the procurer to be a principall offendor The law alwaies in cases of treason dooth account all principals and no accessaries as in other offenses and therefore a man offending in treason either by couert act or procurement wherevpon an open deed hath insued as in this case is adiudged by the law a principall traitor You adiudge me thinke procurement verie hardlie besides the principall and besides the good prouiso and besides the good example of your best and most godlie learned predecessors the iudges of the realme as I haue partlie declared and notwithstanding this grieuous racking extending of this word procurement I am not in the danger of it for it dooth appeare by no deposition that I procured neither one or other to attempt anie act The iurie haue to trie whether it be so or no let it weie as it will I know no meane so apparant to trie procurement as by words that meane is probable inough against you as well by your owne confession as by other mens depositions To talke of the quéenes marriage with the prince of Spaine and also the comming hither of the Spaniards is not to procure treson to be doone for then the whole parlement house I meane the common house did procure treason But sith you will make line 10 no difference betwixt words and acts I praie you remember a statute made in my late souereigne lord and masters time king Edward the sixt which apparantlie expressed the difference These be the words Whosoeuer dooth compasse or imagine to depose the king of his roiall estate by open preaching expresse words or saiengs shall for the first offense loose and forfet to the king all his and their goods and cattels and also shall suffer imprisonment of their bodies at the kings will and pleasure Whosoeuer c for the second line 20 offense shall loose forfet to the king the whole issues and profits of all his or their lands tenements and other hereditaments benefices prebends and other spirituall promotions Whosoeuer c for the third offense shall for tearme of life or liues of such offendor or offendors c and shall also forfet to the kings maiestie all his or their goods and cattels and suffer during his or their liues perpetuall imprisonment of his or their bodies But whosoeuer c by writing ciphering or act c shall for the first offense line 30 be adiudged a traitor and suffer the paines of death Here you maie perceiue how the whole realme and all your iudgements hath before this vnderstood words and acts diuerselie and apparantlie And therfore the iudgements of the parlement did assigne diuersitie of punishments bicause they would not confound the true vnderstanding of words deeds appointing for compassing and imagining by word imprisonment and for compassing and imagining by open déed paines of death line 40 It is agréed by the whole bench that the procurer and the adherent be déemed alwaies traitors when as a traitorous act was committed by anie one of the same conspiracie and there is apparant proofe of your adhering to Wiat both by your owne confession and other waies Adhering and procuring be not all one for the statute of Edward the third dooth speake of adhering but not of procuring yet adhering ought not to be further extended than to the quéenes enimies within line 50 hir realme for so the statute dooth limit the vnderstanding And Wiat was not the quéenes enimie for he was not so reputed when I talked with him last and our speech implied no enimie neither tended to anie treason or procuring of treason and therefore I praie you of the iurie note though I argue the law I alleage mine innocencie as the best part of my defense Your adhering to the quéenes enimies within the realme is euidentlie prooued for Wiat was the line 60 queenes enimie within the realme as the whole realme knoweth it and he hath confessed it both at his arreignement and at his death By your leaue neither Wiat at his arreignement nor at his death did confesse that he was the quéenes enimie when I talked last with him neither was he reputed nor taken in foureteene daies after vntill he assembled a force in armes what time I was at your house master Englefield where I learned the first intelligence of Wiats stirre And I aske you who dooth depose that there passed anie maner of aduertisement betwixt Wiat and me after he had discouered his dooings and shewed himselfe an enimie If I had béene so disposed who did let me that I did not repaire to Wiat or to send to him or to the duke of Suffolke either who was in mine owne countrie and thither I might haue gone and conueied my selfe with him vnsuspected for my departing homewards It is true that you were there at my house accompanied with others your brethren and to my knowledge ignorant of these matters Throckmorton you confessed you talked with Wiat and others against the comming of the Spaniards and of the taking of the tower of London wherevpon Wiat leuied a force of men against the Spaniards he said and so you saie all but in deed it was against the quéene which he confessed at length therefore Wiats acts doo prooue you counsellor and procurer howsoeuer you would auoid the matter My thinke you would conclude against me with a mishapen argument in logike and you will giue me leaue I will make an other The iudges sit not here to make disputations but to declare the law which hath béene sufficientlie doone if you would consider it You haue heard reason and the law if you will conceiue it Oh mercifull God oh eternall father which séest all things what maner of proceedings are these To what purpose serueth the statute of repeale the last parlement where I heard some of you here present and diuerse other of the queenes
my selfe to giue you cause to thinke your good will not ill bestowed and striue to make my selfe worthie for such subiects And now for your petition I shall praie you for this present to content your selues with an answer without answer Your iudgement I condemne not neither doo I mistake your reasons line 20 but praie you to accept my thankefulnesse excuse my doubtfulnesse and take in good part my answer answerlesse wherein I attribute not so much to mine owne iudgement but that I thinke manie particular persons maie go before me though by my degrée I go before them Therefore if I should saie I would not doo what you request it might peraduenture be more than I thought and to saie I would doo it might perhaps bréed perill of that you labour to preserue being more than in line 30 your owne wisedoms and discretions would séeme conuenient circumstances of place and time being dulie considered Thus far the procéeding against the Scotish quéene as the same is reported by R. C. Now followeth the publication of the same which was doone with great port and statelinesse For vpon tuesdaie being the sixt daie of December the lord maior of London assisted with diuers earls and barons line 40 the aldermen in their scarlet gownes the principall officers of the citie the greatest number of gentlemen of the best accompt in and about the citie with the number of fourescore of the most graue worshipfullest citizens in cotes of veluet and chaines of gold all on horsse backe in most solemne and statelie maner by the sound of foure trumpets about ten of the clocke in the forenone made open and publike proclamation and declaration of the sentence latelie giuen by the nobilitie against line 50 the quéene of Scots vnder the great seale of England bearing date at Richmont the fourth daie of December being openlie read by master Sebright towne-clerke of London with lowd voice solemnelie proclamed by the sargent at armes of the said citie in foure seuerall places to wit at the crosse in Cheape at the end of Chancerie lane in Fleetstreet ouer against the Temple at Leaden hall corner and at saint Magnus corner néere London bridge During which time the like solemne proclamations line 60 were made with great solemnities in the countie of Middlesex namelie in the palace at Westminster without Temple barre and in Holborne by the shiriffes of London and Midlesex assisted with sundrie noblemen gentlemen of good account and the iustices of peace of the said countie to the great and woonderfull reioising of the people of all sorts as manifestlie appeared by their eger running after the portlie traine their thronging to heare the same published their ringing of bels making of bonfires and singing of psalmes in euerie stréet and lane of the citie The said proclamation followeth A true copie of the proclamation latelie published by the queenes maiestie vnder the great seale of England for the declaring of the sentence latelie giuen against the queene of Scots in forme as followeth ELisabeth by the grace of God quéene of England France and Ireland defender of the faith c. Whereas we were giuen to vnderstand very crediblie though to our great greefe that diuerse things were and of late time had beene compassed imagined and resolutelie intended tending directlie to the hurt and destruction of our roiall person and to the subuersion of the state of our realme by forren inuasions and rebellions at home as well by the quéene of Scots remaining in our realme vnder our protection as by manie diuerse other wicked persons with hir priuitie who had fréelie confessed the same and had therevpon receiued open triall iudgement and execution according to the lawes for their deserts And though in verie truth we were greatlie and deeplie gréeued in our mind to thinke or imagine that anie such vnnaturall and monstrous acts should be either deuised or willinglie assented vnto against vs by hir being a princesse borne and of our sex and bloud and one also whose life honor we had manie times before saued and preserued yet were we so directlie drawne to thinke all the same to be true by the sight and vnderstanding of such proofes as were manifestlie produced afore vs vpon matters that had as well procéeded from hir selfe as from the conspirators themselues who voluntarilie fréelie without anie coercion had confessed their conspirations both iointlie with hir and directed by hir against our person and our realme and therefore also we saw great reason to thinke the same ouer dangerous to be suffered to passe onward to take their full effect Wherefore we were by sundrie lords of our nobilitie and others our louing subiects earnestlie mooued and counselled to take vndelaied order for the inquisition and examination of all these dangerous enterprises conspiracies by sundrie waies directlie auowed to be by the said quéen of Scots against vs and our realme certeinlie intended and also to vse all present meanes with expedition to withstand or rather to preuent the same And for that we were verie vnwilling to procéed against hir considering hir birth and estate by such vsuall sort as by the common lawes of the realme we might haue lawfullie doone which was by indictment and arreignment by ordinarie iuries therefore in respect both of our owne honor and of hir person we yéelded by good aduise giuen to vs to procéed in the most honorable sort that could be deuised within our realme to the examination hereof according to a late act of parlement made the thrée and twentith daie of Nouember in the seuen and twentith yeare of our reigne Wherevpon by our commission vnder our great seale of England bearing date at our castell of Windsore in our countie of Barkeshire the sixt daie of October now last past we did for that purpose according to that statute assigne name and appoint all the lords and others of our priuie councell and so manie other earls and barons lords of parlement of the greatest degrée and most ancient of the nobilitie of this our realme as with the same lords and others of our priuie councell made vp the number of fortie and two adding also thereto a further number according to the tenor of the foresaid act of parlement of certeine of the cheefest and other principall iudges of the courts of record at Westminster amounting in the whole to the number of fortie and seuen to examine all things compassed and imagined tending to the hurt of our roiall person as well by the said quéene of Scots by the name of Marie the daughter heire of Iames the fift late king of Scots commonlie called the quéene of Scots Dowager of France as by anie other by hir priuitie and all the circumstances thereof therevpon according to the tenor of the said act of parlement to giue sentence or iudgment as vpon good proofe the matter vnto them should appeare as line 10 by the same commission more fullie appeareth And where
the duke of Glocester to the king A conspirâ—â—â—â— betwéene the duke of Glocester and the abbat of 〈◊〉 Albons Out of an 〈◊〉 French pamphlet belonging to Iohn Stow. Anno Reg. 1â— The purpâ—â—s of the conspirators The earle marshall discloseth the conspiraâ—ie The earle of Rutland saith R. Graâ—â—oâ— The duke of Glocester arrested Out of an old French pamphlet * For he was son to a king and vncle to a king The earle of Arundell apprehended The names of the appellants A gard of Cheshire men about the king The lords appointed to come in warlike manner to the parlemeÌ„t Polydor. The dukes of Lancaster Yorke assemble their powers to resist the kings dealings Caxton Fabian Polydor. The king and the dukes reconciled Caxton The great parlement The kings greeuanâ—â—â— opened in 〈◊〉 parlement Tho. Walâ—â—â— Iohn Busâ—â—â— William Bagot Thomas Greene. A new 〈◊〉 made within the palace of Westminster for the areignâ—ment of the lords indicted Additions to Polychron Sir Iohn Bushie speaker The archbishop of Canturburie sitting in parlement is acâ—â—sed of treason by the speaker Impudent flatterie 〈◊〉 Walsi The charters of pardoÌ„ granted to the lords made void by parlement Thom. Wals. The archb of Canturburie condemned to perpetuall banishment Six daies saith Grafton The earle of Arundell areigned The duke of LaÌ„caster high Steward of England at 〈◊〉 areignement The earle of Arundell his answers to the points of his indictmeÌ„t The earle of Arundell condemned The executioÌ„ of the earle of Arundell Ouid. The earle of Warwike arreigned of treason The parlemâ—â—â— adiourned to Shrewsburie The king kéepeth his Christmasse at Lichfield Cheshire made a priâ—â—cipalitie K. Richard prince of Chester Creation of dukes and earles K. Richard beareth saint Edward his armes The L. Reginald Cobham condemned The authoritie of both houses in parlement granted to certeine persons Thom. Wals. The K. procureth the popes buls against the breakers of his statuts Rightfull heires disherited Polydor. K. Richard his euill gouernment The duke of Hereford appealeth the duke of Norfolk of treson Thom. Wals. The duke of Surrie marshall and the duke of Aumarle constable of England The order of the procéeding in this appeale The obiection against the duke of Norfolke The duke of Norfolke his answer for himselfe The combat appointed to be doone at Couentrie The French pamphlet Iohn Stow. Fabian Anno Reg. â—â— The order of the combat The combat staied by the king The king his dome betwixt the two dukes The duke of Hereford beloued of the people The duke of Hereford is honorablie interteined with the French king Froissard Hor. lib. â—pist 1. Fabian Blanke charters The death of the duke of Lancaster Tho. Walsi The duke of Yorke misliketh the court goeth home The realme let to farme by the king Tho. Walsi New exactions The paimâ—â—â— of these 〈◊〉 Was called â— plesance as 〈◊〉 were to pleasâ—â— the K. withall but y◠〈◊〉 displeased manie that were thus constreined to paie against theiâ— willes The people confirme the oth of allegiance by writing sealed Indirect dealings Abr. Fl. out of Thom. Waâ—â— pag. 395. Abr. Fl. out of Thom. Waâ—â— pag. 395. Polydor. A iusts at Windesor The king saileth ouer into Ireland with a great armie Fabian Caxton The duke of Yorke lieutenant generall of England the king being in Ireland Hâ—n Marl. Out of a French pamphlet that belongeth to master Iohn Dec. Macmur Pioners set a worke to cut downe woods Macmur sendeth to the K. offering a parlee The earle of Glocester Anno Reg. 23. He came to Dublin the 28 of Iune as Henrie Marl. saith The duke of Aumarle In Angl. praelijs sub Rich. 2. The duke of Lancaster solicited to expell king Richard and to take vpon him the regiment The duke of Britaine a great â—riend â—o the duke of Lancaster The duke of Lancaster 〈◊〉 adherents 〈◊〉 into England Additions to Polychron Thom. Wals. â—hron Brit. Froissard â—ho â—aâ—sing The commoÌ„s â—enie â—o resist â—he duke of â—ancaster The duke of Lancaster laÌ„deth in Yorkshire Additions to Polychron The duke of 〈…〉 to the lords â—hat 〈◊〉 him The harts of the commoâ—â— wholie bent â—o the duke of Lancaster The duke of Lancaster marcheth to Bristow Scroope 〈◊〉 treasuror Bushie and Greene executed A politike â—â—dnesse Out of master Deeâ— French booke K. Richard returneth out of Ireland and landeth in Wales Thom. Wals. Additions to Polychron K. Richard in vtter despaire K. Richard stealeth awaie from his armie and taketh the castell of Flint A speciall note woorthie to be well weied Hor. lib. car 3. ode 1. The earle of Worcester leaueth the K. and fléeth to the duke Where fortune fauoureth thither the peoples fauour fléeth The duke of Lancaster comming to Chester Perkin a Lee. Out of master Dees booke Holt castell deliuered to the duke Some 〈◊〉 that the archbishop of Câ—â—â—turburie and the earle of Westmerland weÌ„t also 〈◊〉 the earle of Northumberland to Conwaie The earle of Northumberlands message to the king The king leaueth Conwaie castell and betaketh himselfe to his enimies A constant seruant The dukes behauiour to the king at their meéting The dukes demand The king and the duke iournie togither towards London K. Richard sumptuous in apparell The dukes receiuing into London The king coÌ„mitted to the tower A parlement in the kings name The king is persuaded to resigne the crowne to the duke Fabian This promise he made at Flint rather than at Conwaie as by that which goeth before it may be partlie coniectured â— Richards resignation confirmed by 〈◊〉 The demand of the archbishop of Canturburie to the commons Thom. Wals. The duke of Hereford placed in the regall throne The archbishop preached Abr. Fl. out of Fabian pag. 351. The words of the elected king Thom. Wals. The coronation proclaimed The parlemeÌ„t King Henrie the fourth proclamed T. Wats Aminâ— taâ— querela 5. K. Richard depriued Hall His personage Harding The noble house-kéeping of king Richard Excesse in apparell Ignorant prelats â—â—nenâ—is â—â—iscopus In Angl. praelijs New officers made The paâ—lemeÌ„t new suÌ„moned Record Tuâ—â—is Claiming of offices at the coronation Curtana The earle of Summerset The earle of Northumberland The I le of Man Lancaster sword The earle of Westmerland The duke of Norffolke Sir Thomas Erpingham The earle of Warwike Sir William Argentine Iuon Fitzwarren The lord Furniuall The lord Graie Great spâ—â—s The second sword The earle of Arundell The citizens of London Thomas Dâ—mocke Baldwin Freuill The lord Latimer William lâ— Uenour The barons of the cinquâ— ports Knights of the Bath The lord maior of London The earle of March enuied the K. preferment Edmund erle of Lancaster vntrulie fasned to be surnamed Crookebacke Sir Iohn Chenie speaker of the parlement dismissed and William Durward admitted Acts repealed Acts confirmed Fabian Sir Iohn Bagot discloseth secrets Henrie the fourth suspected not to be well affected towards the church before his comming to the crowne The duke of Aumarle accused The duke of Aumarle