Whervpon the wiser men perceyuing suche a number of weapons and that great perill was not vnlike to ensue by suche apparance of late not accustomed woulde not bee present at the Sermon by reason whereof there was left a small auditorie Wherefore afterwarde there was a commaundement giuen by the Lorde Maior that the auncients of the companies shoulde be present at the nexte Sermon in their liueries and so they were whereby all became quiet The xviij of August next folowing The Duke of Northumberland arreigned the Duke of Northumberlande the Lorde Marques of Northampton and the Earle of Warwicke sonne and heire to the sayd Duke were brought into Westminster hall and there arreygned of highe treason before Thomas Duke of Norfolke high Stewarde of Englande The Duke of Northumberland at his comming to the barre vsed great reuerence towards the Iudges and protesting his faith and allegiance to the Queenes maiestie whome he confessed grieuously to haue offended he sayde that he ment not to speake any thing in defence of his facte but woulde first vnderstande the opinion of the Court in two points first whether a man doing any act by authoritie of the Princes counsayle and by warrant of the great seale of Englande and doing nothing without the same maye be charged with treason for anye thing which he might do by warrant therof Secondly whether any suche persons as were equallye culpable in that crime and those by whose letters and commaundementes he was directed in all his doings might be his iudges or passe vppon his triall as his peeres Wherevnto was answered that as concerning the first the great seale which he layde for his warrant was not the seale of the lawfull queene of the Realme nor passed by authoritie but the seale of an vsurper and therefore coulde be no warrant to him As to the seconde it was alledged that if any were as deepely to be touched in that case as himselfe yet so long as no atteyndor were of recorde against them they were neuerthelesse persons able in lawe to passe vpon any triall and not to be chalenged therefore but at the Princes pleasure After whiche aunswere the Duke vsing a fewe wordes declaring his earnest repentaunce in the case for he sawe that to stande vpon vttering any reasonable matter as might seeme woulde little preuayle he moued the Duke of Norffolke to bee a meane to the Queene for mercie without further answere confessed the inditement by whose example the other prisoners arreygned with him did likewise confesse the inditementes produced against them and therevpon had iudgement The xix of August Sir Andrewe Dudley Sir Iohn Gates and Sir Henrie Gates brethren and Sir Thomas Palmer Knightes were arreygned at Westminster and confessing their inditements had iudgemēt which was pronounced by the Marques of Winchester high Treasurer of Englande that sate that day as chiefe Iustice The Duke of Northumberland beheaded The xxij of the sayde moneth of August the sayde Duke Sir Iohn Gates and Sir Thomas Palmer were executed at the tower hill and all the rest shortlye after had their pardons graunted by the Queene who as it was thought coulde also haue bene contented to haue pardoned the Duke as well as the other for the speciall fauour that she had borne to him afore time The Archbishop of Canterburie committed to the tower Soone after this Thomas Cranmer Archbishop of Canterburie and late before of King Edwards priuie Counsayle was committed to the tower of London being charged of treason not onely for giuing aduise to the dishinheriting of Queene Marie but also for ayding the D. of Northumberlande with certayne horse and men against the Queene in the quarrell of the Ladie Iane of Suffolke The last day of September next following the Queene passed from the tower through the Citie of London vnto Westminster Queene Marie crowned and the next daye being the first of October shee was crowned at Westminster by Stephen Gardiner Bishop of Winchester for the Archbishops of Caunterburie and Yorke were then prisoners in the tower as before yee haue hearde at the time of whose coronation there was published a generall pardon in hir name being interlaced with so manye exceptions A pardon with exceptions as they they needed the same most tooke smallest benefite thereby In which were excepted by name no smal number not onely of Bishops and other of the Clergie namely the Archbishops of Caunterburie and Yorke the Bishop of London but also many Lordes Knightes and Gentlemenne of the laytie beside the two chiefe Iustices of Englande called Sir Edwarde Mountague and Sir Roger Cholmeley and some other learned men in the lawe for counsayling or at the least consenting to the depriuation of Queene Marie and ayding of the foresayde Duke of Northumberlande in the pretensed right of the afore named Ladie Iane the names of whiche persons so being excepted I haue omitted for shortnesse sake Assoone as this pardon was publyshed and the solemnitie of the feast of the Coronation ended Commissioners there were certayne Commissioners assigned to take order with all such persons as were excepted out of the pardon and others to compounde with the Queene for their seuerall offences which Commissioners sate at the Deane of Paules his house at the west ende of Paules Church and there called afore them the sayde persons apart and from some they tooke their fees and offices graunted before by King Edwarde the sixth and yet neuerthelesse putting them to their fines and some they committed to warde depriuing them of their states and liuings so that for the time to those that tasted thereof it seemed verye grieuous God deliuer vs from incurring the lyke daunger of lawe agayne The v. daye of October next following A Parliament the Queene helde hir highe Court of Parliament at Westminster which continued vntill the xxj day of the sayde moneth In the first session of whiche Parliament there passed no more Actes but one and that was to declare Queene Marie lawfull heire in discent to the crowne of Englande by the common lawes next after hir brother king Edwarde Treason Felonie Premunire and to repeale certaine causes of treason felonie and premunire contayned in diuerse former Statutes the whiche acte of Repeale was for that Cardinall Poole was especiallye looked for as after ye shall heare for the reducing of the Church of Englande to the Popes obedience and to the ende that the sayde Cardinall nowe called into Englande from Rome might holde his Courtes Legantine withoute the daunger of the Statutes of the Premunire made in that case wherevnto Cardinall Wolsey when he was Legate had incurred to his no small losse and to the charge of all the Clergie of Englande for exercising the like power the which acte being once passed forthwith the Queene repayred to the Parliament house The Parliament proroged and gaue therevnto hir royall assent and then proroged the Parliament vnto the xxiiij day of the sayde Moneth In
meanes according as it should haue pleased hys good wil omnipotent power yet he chose this way whereby the effusion of much bloud might be auoyded whiche by ciuill battell had bin spylled if the parties hauing their harts fylled with rancoure and yre had buckeled togyther in battayle Iames Kenedy Archbishop of Saint Androws châ—…efe Chauncellor to the King But the King vsing the aduise of his kinsman Iames Kenedie Archbishop of Saint Androws compassed his purpose in the end dispatching out of the way all suche as he any wayes foorthe mistrusted of which nuÌ„ber namely were the Dowglasses whose puissance and authoritie not without cause he euermore suspected Many haue reported as before is said that in the beginning King Iames the second through feare of y e great power of these Dowglasses was in mind to haue fled the Realme but being recoÌ„forted by the counsell and authoritie of the sande Bishop Iames Kenedy he aduaunced his studie to matters of greater importaunce The sayde Kenedy turned the Earle of Angus being of the surname of the Dowglasses and brother to him by his mother to take parte with the King The practise of Bishop Kenedy He procured also diuers other of y e same bloud and surname to reuolte from the other confederates and to submitte themselues vpon promise of pardon vnto the Kings mercie and so enfeobling the forces of such as were aduersaries to the King in the ende he had them all at his pleasure It was thoughte that for so muche as the Dowglasses had their laÌ„ds lying so vpon y e west and middle Marches of the Realme that no maÌ„ might beare any rule in those partes Great power cause of suspiâ—â—â— but onely they them selues if they had happily ioined with the Englishmen considering the greate intelligence beside which they had in all other partes of the Realme what by kindred and aliaunce the Realme mighte haue falne into greate perill for truely it is a daungerous thing as Iohannes Maior saith for the estate of a Realme to haue men of greate power and authoritie inhabiting on the bordures and vttermost partes thereof for if they chaunce vpon any occasion gyuen to renounce their obedience to there naturall Prince and supreme gouernours the preiudice may bee greate and irrecouerable that oftentimes thereof ensueth as well appeareth in the Erles of March and other before mentioned in this history and likewise in Fraunce by the Dukes of Burgundy Brytayne and Normandy for till those couÌ„treys were incorporate and annexed vnto the Crowne of Fraunce the Kings of that Realme were oftentimes put to great hinderance through Rebellion by them whome they accompted for their subiects But nowe to returne where I loste after the Dowglasses were once dispatched and thyngs quieted King Iames the seconde began then to raigne and rule really not doubting the controlement of any other person Lawes ordeyned For then he ordeyned lawes for his people as seemed best to his lyking commaunding the same to be kept vnder greate penalties and forfeytures And being counselled chiefly by the Bishop of S. Androwes Iames Kenedie that was his vncle and the Earle of Orkney hee passed through all the partes of hys Realme A general pardon graunted graunting a generall pardon of all offences passed And so hee ruled and gouerned hys subiects in greate quietnesse and caused iustice so duely to be ministred on all sides that it was said in his days how he caused the rashe bush to keepe the Cowe In the yeere .1455 the King helde a Parliamente 1455 A Parliament holden in whiche were many good lawes made and established for the weale of all the Realm as in the bookes of y e actes of ParliameÌ„t is coÌ„teyned The Isles and high lande quietly gouerned He vsed the matter also in suche wise with the principall Captaynes of the Iles and of the hye lands that the same were as quietly gouerned as any part of the lowe Landes shewing all obedience aswell in paying such duties as they owed to y e King for their lands as also in readinesse to serue in the warres with greate companyes of men as became them to do Donald Earle of Rosse and Lord of the Isles Specially Donalde Lord of the Isles and Earle of Rosse who hadde before ioyned hymselfe in confederacie with the Earles of Dowglas and Crawfort agaynst the King and had taken into his hands the Kyngs house and castel of Inuernesse as before ye haue heard naming hymselfe King of the Iles. Neuerthelesse he was now at length recoÌ„ciled to the King and gaue pledges for his good demeanor and afterwards brought to the King three thousand men in ayde at the seege of Roxburgh In this meane while greate dissention rose in Englande betweene the two houses of Lancaster and Yorke the King being principall of the house of Lancaster was taken himselfe at the battell of Saint Albons Dissention in England But the Queene with hir sonne the Prince and Henry the yong Duke of Sommerset and diuers other fled into y e North parts of England and sent to the King of Scotlande to desire him of ayde who vppon good aduice taken with his counsell for that King Henry hadde euer kept well y e peace with the Realme of Scotland and also for reuenge of his vncle the Duke of Sommerset his deathe prepared an army of twentie thousande men to passe into Englande and in the meane time all the North partes of England hearing that King Iames was ready to support the Queene of England ioyned with hir and past forward into the South partes constrayning the Duke of Yorke to flee the Realme and so king Henry enioyed the gouernemente of his Realme agayne and for that time concluded an agreemente with the Duke of Yorke his aduersarie whiche lasted not long The Duke of Yorke remembring how ready king Iames was to prepare an armie in supporte of his aduersarie King Henry procured the bordurers to make incursions vpon the Scottish subiects and woulde suffer no redresse to be had nor dayes of truce kept on the borders as in time of peace the custome was King Iames inuadeth Englande Wherevpon king Iames reysed a power and in person entred with the same into EnglaÌ„d doing great hurt by destroying diuers Townes Castels and Pyles in Northumberland the Bishoprike and other partes till at length vpon faire promises made by the Englishmen hee returned into his owne countrey 1458. After this King Henry of Englande perceyuing that the Duke of Yorke by the counsell of the Earle of Warwike ceassed not to practise conspiracies against him sent eftsoones to kyng Iames requiring him of ayde against them and promised therefore to restore vnto the King of Scotland the Lands in NorthumberlaÌ„d Cumberland the Bishoprike of Duresme and suche like which the Kings of Scotland had helde before This offer was accepted and by treaties and contracts accorded sealed and enterchanged betwixt the two Princes as the Scottishmen
as be thought expedient but yet in the Parliament holdeÌ„ in the xxj yere of this kings raigne the act of atteynder of the sayd sir Simon was repealed and at an other Parliament holden in the seconde yeare of king Henrie the fourth all his landes which then remayned vngraunted and vnsold were restored to sir Iohn Burley knight son heyre of sir Roger Burley brother to the sayd Simon of whom lineally is discended Thomas Eyns Esquier now Secretarie to the Queenes Mai. counsaile in the north parts And thus far touching sir Simon Burley of whom many reports went of his disloyall dealings towardes the state as partly ye haue heard but how truely the Lorde knoweth Among other slaunderous tales that were spredde abrode of him one was that he consented to the deliuering of Douer Castell by the kings appoyntment vnto the Frenchmen for money But as this was a thing not like to be true so no doubt many things that the persons aforesayde which were executed had bin charged with at the least by common report among the people were nothing true at al although happely the substaÌ„ce of those things for which they died might be true in some respect Sir William Elmham that was charged also for the withdrawing the souldiers wages discharged himselfe thereof and of all other thinges that mighte bee layde to hys charge As touching the Iustices Graften they were all condemned to death by the Parliament but suche meanes was made for them vnto the Queene The iustices condemned to perpetual exile that the obteined pardon for their liues But they forfeyted theyr landes and goodes and were appoynted to remayne in perpetuall exile with a certaine portion of Money to them assigned for theyr dayly sustentation the names of whiche Iustices so condemned to exile were these Robert Belknap Iohn Holt Iohn Cray Roger Fulthorpe William Burgh and Iohn Lokton Finally in this Parliament was an othe required and obteyned of the king that hee shoulde stand vnto and abide such rule and order as the Lordes shoulde take The K. taketh an oth to performe the lords orders and this othe was not requyred onely of the king but also of all the Inhabitantes of the realme In these troubles was the realme of England in these dayes and the king brought into that case that hee â—…ed not but was ruled by hys vncles and other to theâ—… associate In the latter ende of this eleuenth yeare was the Erle of Arundell sent to the sea with a greate nauie of ships and men of war The erle of Arundel sent to the sea with a great Nauie 〈◊〉 ayde of the Duke of Britaine There went with him in this iorney of noble men the Erle of Notingham and Deuonshire sir Thomas Percy the Lorde Clifford the L. Camois sir William ElmhaÌ„ sir Thomas Morieux sir Iohn Danbreticourt sir William Shelley sir Iohn Warwike or Barwike sir Stephen de Libery sir Robert Sere sir Peter Montberie Peraduenter Maluere it may be Mongomery sir Lewes Clanbow sir Thomas Coq or Cooke sir William Pauley or Paulet and diuerse others They wer a thousande men of armes and three thousande archers The purpose for which they were sent was to haue ayded the duke of Brytaine if he woulde haue receyued them being then eftsoones run into the French kings displeasure for the imprisoning of the Lord Clisson Conestable of Fraunce But after that contrary to expectation An. reg 12. the duke of Brytain was come to an agreemeÌ„t with the French king the Erle of Arundell drew with his nauie alongst the coastes of Poictou Xaintonge till at length hee arriued in the hauen that goeth vp to Rochell and landed with his men at Marraunt foure leagues from Rochelle and beganne to pilfre spoyle and fetche booties abrode in the Countrey The French menne within Rochelle issued forth to skirmish with the English men but they were easily put to flight and followed euen to the barriers of the gates of Rochel Perot le Bernois a captaine of Gascoine that made warre for the king of England in Lymosin and lay in the fortresse of Galuset came forth the same time and made a road into Berry with foure C. speares The Erle of Arundel returneth out of Fraunce The Earle of Arundell after hee had layne at Marrant .xv. dayes returned to his shippes and finally came backe into Englande and Perot le Bernois likewise returned to his fortresse About the same time was a truce taken betwixte the parties Englishe and Frenche on the marches of Aquitaine to beginne the first day of August and to endure till the first of May nexte ensuing An ouerthrow giuen to the Englishemen by to Scots at Otterborne This yeare in August the Scots inuaded the Countrey of Northumberlande and at Otterburne ouerthrew a power of Englishmen which the Earle of Northumberlande and his sonnes had leuied against them In this battaile the Erle Dowglas chiefe of that armie of Scottes was slaine and the Lord Henrie Percy his brother sir Raufe sonnes to the sayd Erle of Northumberland were taken prisoners as in the Scottish Chronicles ye may read more at large Fabian After the feast of the Natiuitie of our Ladie a Parliament was holden at Cambridge Caxton A parliament at Cambridge in the which diuerse new statutes were ordeyned as for the limiting of seruants wages of punishment of vagarant persons for the inhibiting of certain persons to weare weapon for the debarring of vnlawfull games for maintenaunce of shooting in the long bow for remoouing of the Staple of woolles from Middleburgh vnto Calays for labourers not to be receyued but where they are inhabiting except with licence vnder Seale of the hundred where they dwell There was also an act made that none should goe forth of the realme to purchase any benefice with cure or without cure except by licence obteyned of the king and if they did contrarie herevnto they were to be excluded out of the Kings protection There was graunted to the king in this Parliament a tenth to be leuied of the Clergie and a fiftenth of the laitie Moreouer during the time of this ParliameÌ„t Sir Thomas Triuet slayne with thâ—… fall of his horse as sir Thomas Triuet was ryding towards Barnewel with the king where the king lodged by forcing his horse too muche with the spurres the horse fell with him so rudely to the grounde that his intrailes within him were so burst and perished that he dyed the next day after Many reioyced at this mans death as well for that menne iudged him to be exceeding bawtie and prowde as also for that he was suspected not to haue dealt iustly with the Bishop of Norwiche in the iourney whiche the Bishoppe made into Flaunders but specially men hadde an euil opinion of him for that hee stoode with the king agaynste the Lordes counsayling him in the yeare last paste to dispatche them oute of the way Sir Iohn Hollande the kings
Cobham condemned But now to proceede In this Parliament holden at Shrewsburye the Lorde Reignolde Cobham beeing a verye aged manne simple and vpright in all his dealings was condemned for none other cause but for that in the xj yeare of the Kings raigne hee was apointed with other to be attendaunt about the king as one of his gouernors The actes and ordinaunces also deuised and established in the parliament holden in that .xj. yeare were likwise repealed Moreouer in this Parliament at Shrewesbury it was decreed that the Lorde Iohn Cobham shoulde be sente into the Isle of Gernesey there to remaine in exile hauyng a small portion assigned hym to liue vpon The king so wroughte that hee obteyned the whole power of bothe houses to be graunted vnto certaine persones as to Iohn duke of Lancaster Edmunde duke of Yorke Edmunde Duke of Aumerle The auctoritie of bothe houses in parliament grauÌ„ted to certaine persons Tho. duke of Surrey Iohn duke of Excester Iohn Marques Dorset Rog. erle of Marche Io. erle of Salisbury Henry erle of Northumberland Tho. erle of Gloucester Wil. erle of Wiltshire Iohn Hussey Henry Cheimeswick Robert Tey and Io. Goulofer knights Tho. VVals or to .vij. or .viij. of them These were appointed to heare determine certaine petitions and maters yet depending and not ended but by vertue of this graunt they proceeded to conclude vpon other thinges whiche generally touched the knowledge of the whole parliameÌ„t in derogation of the states thereof to the disaduantage of the kyng perillous example in time to come When the king had spente much money in time of this parliameÌ„t he demanded a disme a halfe of the clergie and a .xv. of the temporaltie Finally a generall pardon was graunted for all offences to all the kinges subiects â—…0 only excepted whose names he wold not by any meanes expresse but reserued them to his owne knowledge that when any of the nobilitie offended him he might at his pleasure name him to be one of the number excepted and so keepe them still within his daunger To the ende that the ordinaunces iudgementes and actes made pronounced and established in this Parliamente mighte be and abide in perpetuall strengthe and force the Kyng purchased the Popes 〈◊〉 which were conteined greuous censures â—…ses The king 〈…〉 againâ—… 〈…〉 pronounced agaynst al suche as did 〈◊〉 means go about to break violate the statuteâ—… the same parliamente ordeined These 〈◊〉 were openly published and red at Paules 〈◊〉 in London in other the most publike places of the realme Many other things were 〈◊〉 in this parliameÌ„t to the displeasure of no 〈◊〉 number of people namely Rightfull 〈…〉 for that diuers rightfull heires were disinherited of their lands and liuings by auctoritie of the same parliament with which wrongfull doings the people wâ—… muche offended so that the K. and those that were about him chiefe in counseâ—… come 〈◊〉 greate infamy and slaunder In deede the king after he had dispatched the duke of Gloucestâ—… and the other noble men was not a little 〈◊〉 for that he knewe them still ready to disappoâ—… him in all his purposes therefore being 〈◊〉 as it were carelesse did not behaue hymselfe 〈◊〉 some haue written in such discreete order Polidor at many wished but rather as in time of prosperitie it often happeneth he forgot hymselfe Kyng Richarde his euill gouernement and beganne to rule by will more than by reason threatning deathe to eche one that obeyed 〈◊〉 his inordinate desires by meanes wherof the lords of the realme began to feare their owne estates being in danger of his furious outrage whome they tooke for a manne destitute of sobrietie and wisedome and therefore coulde not like of him that so abused his auctoritie Herevpon there were sundry of the nobles that lamented these mischiefes and specially shewed their griefes vnto such by whose naughty couÌ„sell they vnderstoode the king to be missed and this they did to the ende that they being aboute him might either turne their copies and giue him better couÌ„sell or else he hauing knowledge what euill reporte went of him might amende his maners But all was in vaine for so it fell forthe that in this parliameÌ„t holdeÌ„ at Shrewsbury Henry Duke of Hereford The Duke of Hereforde appealeth the duke of Norfolk of oftetimes accused Tho. Mowbray duke of Norfolke of certaine wordes which he shuld vtter in talke had betwixt them as they roade togyther lately before betwixte London and Brainforde sounding highely to the kings dishonor Thom. VVaâ—… And for further proofe thereof he presented a supplication to the K. wherin he appealed the duke of Norfolke in field of battaile for a traitour false and disloiall to the K. and enimy vnto the realme This supplication was redde beefore bothe the Dukes in presence of the Kyng whiche done the Duke of Norfolke tooke vppon hym to aunswere it declaring that whatsoeuer the Duke of Hereforde hadde sayde agaynste hym other than well hee lyed falsely like an vntrue Knighte as he was And wheÌ„ the king asked of the duke of Hereforde what he saide to it he taking hys hoode off his heade said 〈◊〉 soueâ—… Lorde euen as the supplication whiche I tooke you importeth right so I say to â—…ruthe that Thomas Moubray duke of Norfolke is a traitoâ—… false and disloyall to your toâ—… Maiestie was crowne and to all the sâ—…s of your realme Then the Duke of Norfolke beeyng asked what he said to this he answered Right dâ—… Lord with your fauour that I make aunswere vnto your cousin here I say your reuerence saued that Henry of Lancaster duke of Hereforde like a false and disloyall traitour as he is dothe lye in that he hath or shall say of mee otherwise than well No more saide the Kyng wee haue hearde enough and herewyth commaunded the Duke of Surrey for that tourne Marshall of Englande to arrest in his name the twoo Dukes The Duke of â—…ry Marshal and the Duke of Aumarle câ—…able of Englande the Duke of Lancaster father to the Duke of Hereforde the Duke of Yorke the Duke of Aumarle Constable of Englande and the duke of Surrey Marshal of the realm vndertook as pledges body for body for the duke of Herford but the duke of Norfolke was not suffred to put in pledges and so vnder arrest was led vnto Windsor castel and there garded wyth keepers that were appointed to see hym safely kept Nowe after the dissoluing of the Parliament at Shrewsbury there was a day appointed about a sixe weekes after for the K. to come vnto Winsor to hear and to take some order betwixte the twoo dukes which had thus appealed eche other The order of the proceeding in this appeale There was a greate skaffold erected within the castell of Windsore for the king to sit with the Lordes and Prelates of his realme and so at the day apointed he with the saide lords prelats being come
the table next to the king on his right hand in the hall the day of his coronation and for their fees to haue the foresayde Canapie of golde with the belles and staues notwithstanding the Abbot of Westminster claymed the same Edmond Chambers claymed and obteyned the office of principall Larderer for him and his Deputies by reason of his manour of Skulton Edmond Chambers otherwise called Burdellebin SkultoÌ„ in the couÌ„tie of Norffolke Thus was euery man appoynted to exercise such office as to him of right apperteyned or at the least was thought requisite for the time present On the Monday then next ensuing when the states were assembled in Parliament order was taken that by reason of such preparation as was to be made for the coronation they shoulde sit no more till the morow after Saint Edwards day On the Sunday following being the euen of Saint Edwarde the newe King lodged in the Tower and there made xivj knightes of the Bathe to witte Three of his sonnes Knightes of the Bath The Earle of Arundell The Earle of Warwickes sonne The Earle of Stafforde Two of the Earle of Deuonshires sonne The Lorde Beaumont The Lorde Willoughbies brother The Earle of Staffordes brother The Lorde Camois his sonne The Lorde of Maule Thomas Beauchampe Thomas Pelham Iohn Luttrell Iohn Listey William Hankeford Iustice William Brinchley Iustice Bartholmew Racheforde Giles Danbeney William Butler Iohn Ashton Richarde Sanape Iohn Tiptost Richard Frances Henrie Percy Iohn Arundell William Stralle Iohn Turpington Aylmere Saint Edwarde Hastings Iohn Greissley Gerard Satill Iohn Arden Robert Chalons Thomas Dymocke Hungerforde Gibethorpe Newporte and dyuerse other to the number of .xlvj. The L. Maior of London On the Morrowe beeing Saint Edwardes day and .xiij. of October the Lord Maior of LoÌ„don road towards the Tower to atteÌ„d the king with diuerse worshipfull Citizens clothed all in red and from the Tower the king ridde through the Citie vnto Westminster where he was sacred annoynted and crowned king by the Archbishop of Canterburie with all ceremonies and royall solemnitie as was due and requisite The Earle of 〈◊〉 carried â—…ngs preâ—… Though all other reioysed at his aduauncement yet surely Edmonde Mortimer Earle of March which was cousin and heyre to Lionell duke of Clarence the thirde begotten sonne of king Edwarde the thirde and Richard Earle of Cambridge sonne to Edmonde duke of Yorke whiche had maried Anne sister to the same Edmond were with these doings neither pleased nor contented Insomuch that now the deuision once begon the one linage ceassed not to persecute the other till the heyres males of both the lynes were clearly destroyed and extinct At the day of the coronation to the intent hee shoulde not seeme to take vpon him the crowne scepter royall by plaine extort power and iniurious intrusion Edward erle 〈◊〉 â—…er vn â—…ly faâ—…d 〈◊〉 â—…amed â—…ack he was aduised to make his tytle as heyre to Edmond surnamed or vntruly feyned Crouchbacke sonne to king Henry the third and to say that the said Edmond was elder brother to king Edward the first and for his deformitie put by from the crowne to whoÌ„ by his mother Blanch daughter sole heyre to Henry duke of Lancaster he was next of bloud and vndoubted heyre But bycause not only his friends but also his priuie enimies knew that this was but a forged title considering they were surely enformed not onely that the sayde Edmonde was yonger son to king Henrie the thirde but also had true knowledge that EdmoÌ„d was neither crooke backed nor a deformed persoÌ„ but a goodly gentleman a valiant captain so much fauored of his louing father that he to preferre him in mariage to the Queene Dowager of Nauarre hauing a great liuelode gaue to him the countie Palatine of Lancaster with many notable honours high seigniories and large priuiledges Therefore they aduised him to publish it that hee chalenged the realme not onely by conquest but also bycause he was by king Richarde adopted as beyre and declared by resignation as his lawfull successor being next heyremale to him of the bloud royall But to proceede to other doings the solemnitie of the coronation being ended the morrow after being Tuesday the ParliameÌ„t began again Sir Iohn Cheny speaker of the parliameÌ„t dismissed and Wil. Durward admitted and y e next day sir Iohn Cheyny that was speaker excusing himselfe by reason of his infirmitie sicknesse not to be able to exercise that roumth was dismissed and one William Durward esquire was admitted herewith were the acts established in the Parliament of the .xxj. yere of king Richardes raigne repealed and made voyde Acts repealed and the ordinances deuised in the Parliament holden the .xj. yeare of the same king confirmed Acts coÌ„firmed againe established for good and profitable The same day the kings eldest sonne the Lord Henrie by assent of all the states in the Parliament was created Prince of Wales Duke of Cornwall and Erle of Chester then being of the age of .xij. yeares Vpon the Thursday the commons came and rehersed all the errors of the last Parliament holden in the .xxj. yeare of king Richard and namely in cetaine fiue of them First that where the king that nowe is was readie to arraigne an appeale agaynst the Duke of Norffolke he doing what apperteyned to hys dutie in that behalf was yet banished afterwards without any reasonable cause Secondly the Archbishop of Canterburie Metropolitane of the Realme was foreiudged without answere Thirdly the duke of Gloucester was murthered and after foreiudged Fourthly where the Earle of Arundell alledged his Charter of pardon the same might not be allowed Fifthly that all the power of that euill Parliament was graunted and assigned ouer to certaine persons and sithe that such heynous errors coulde not be coÌ„mitted as was thought without the assent and aduice of them that were of the late kings counsaile they made sure that they might be put vnder arrest and committed to safe keping till order might be further taken for them Thus much adoe there was in this Parliament specially about them that were thought to be guiltie of the duke of Gloucesters death and of the condemning of the other Lords that were adiudged traytors in the foresayde late Parliament holden in the sayde .xxj. yeare of king Richardes raigne Fabian Sir Iohn bagot discloseth secretes Sir Iohn Bagot knight then prisoner in the tower disclosed many secrets vnto the which he was priuie and being brought one day to the barre a bill was read in Englishe whiche hee had made conteyning certaine euill practises of king Richard and further what great affection y e same king bare to the duke of Aumarle insomuch that he heard him say that if he shuld renounce the gouernment of the kingdom he wished to leaue it to the said duke as to the most able maÌ„ for wisdome and manhood of all other for though he could like better of the duke of
Chandew of Britain his especial frend he made erle of Bath Sir Giles Daubency was made lord Daubeney sir Robert Willoughby was made L. Brooke And Edward Stafforde eldest sonne to Henrye late Duke of Buckingham he restored to his name dignitie and possessions which by king Richard were confiscate and attainted Beside this in this parliament was this notable acte assented to and concluded as followeth To the pleasure of Almightye God wealth prosperitie and suretie of this Realme of England and to the singular comfort of all the kinges subiectes of the same in auoyding all ambiguitie and questions An acte for the establishing of the Crovvne Be it ordeined established and enacted by this present parliament that the inheritance of the crowne of this realme of England and also of Fraunce with all the preeminēce and dignitie royal to the same apertaining and all other seigniories to the king belongyng beyond the sea w t the appurtenāces therto in any wise due or apertaining shal rest remain abide in the most royal person of our nowe soueraigne lord K. Henry the seuēth and in the heires of his body laufully coming perpetually with y e grace of god so to endure in none other And beside this act al atteynders of this K. enacted by king Edward and Kyng Richard were adnichilate and the recorde of the same adiudged to be defaced and all persones attented for his cause and occasion were restored to their goods landes and possessions Diuers acts also made in this time of king Edward and king Richard were reuoked and other adiudged more expedient for the cōmon wealthe were put in their places and concluded After the dissolution of this parliament the king remembring his frends left in hostage beyonde the seas that is to wit the Marques Dorset and sir Io. Bourchier he with all conueniēt spede redemed them sente also into Flanders for Iohn Morton Bishop of Ely These actes performed he chose to bee of his counsayle a conuenient number of right graue and wyse counsellours Although by this meanes al things seemed to be brought in good and perfect order yet ther lacked a wrest to the harpe to set all the strings in a monacorde and perfecte tune which was the matrimonie to be finished betwene the king and the Lady Elizabeth daughter to king Edward which like a good Prince according to his othe promise King Henrye the seuenthe taketh to vvife Elizabeth eldeste daughter of Edvvard the fourthe 1486 did both solemnise cosummate shortely after that is to saye on the .xviij. day of Ianuarie by reason of whych mariage peace was thought to descende out of heauen into Englād considering that the lynes of Lancaster Yorke were now brought into one knot and connexed togither of whose two bodies one heire myghte succeede to rule and enioye the whole monarchie and realme of Englande Shortly after for the better preseruation of his royall person he constituted and ordeyned a certaine number as well of good Archers as of dyuers other persons hardie strong and actiue to giue dayly attendance on his persone whome he named yeomen of his garde Yeomen of the garde firste brought in which president men thought that he lerned of the French king when he was in France For it is not remembred that any Kyng of Englande before that daye vsed any such furniture of dayly souldiours In the same yeare a newe kynde of sicknesse inuaded sodeynly the people of this lande Another parliament the same yeare passing thorough the same from the one ende to the other It began about the .xxj. of September and continued till the latter end of October beyng so sharpe and deadly that the lyke was neuer hearde of to any mannes remembrance before that tyme. For sodeynely a deadely burnyng sweate so assayled theyr bodies The svveating sickenesse and distempered their bloud wyth a moste ardent heat that scarse one amongst an hundred that sickned did escape with life for all in maner as soone as the sweat tooke them or within a short tyme after yelded vp the ghost besyde the great number which deceassed within the citie of London two Mayres successiuely died within viij days .vj. Aldermē At length by the diligent obseruatiō of those that escaped whiche marking what things had done thē good holpen to their deliuerance vsed the lyke agayne when they fell into the same disease A remedye for ◅e svveating ◅sse the second or thirde tyme as to dyuers it chaunced a remedie was founde for that mortall maladie which was this If a man on the daye tyme were taken with the sweate then should he streight lye downe withal his clothes and garments and continue in hys sweat .xxiiij. houres after so moderate a sort as might bee If in the nyghte hee chaunced to be taken then shoulde he not ryse out of his bedde for the space of .xxiiij. houres so castyng the cloathes that he myght in no wyse prouoke the sweate but so lye temperately that the water mighte distyll out softly of the owne accord and to abstein from all meat if he might so long suffer hunger to take no more drinke neyther hot nor colde thā wold moderatly quench assuage his thirstie appetite And thus with lukewarme drinke temperate heate and measurable clothes manye escaped fewe whiche vsed this order after it was founde out dyed of that sweat Mary one point diligētly aboue all other in this cure is to be obserued that he neuer put out his hande or feete out of the bed to refreshe or coole himself which to do is no lesse ieopardie than short and present death Thus this disease comming in the first yeare of king Henries reigne was iudged of some to be a token and signe of a troublous reigne of the same king as the profe partly afterwardes shewed it selfe The king standing in neede of money to discharge suche debtes and to maynteyn such port as was behouefull sente the Lorde Treasourer with Maister Reignold Bray and others vnto the Lord Mayre of London requiryng of the Citie a prest of sixe thousand markes Whervpon the sayd Lord Mayre and his brethren with the Commons of the Citie graunted a preast of two thousande poundes whiche was leuyed of the companies and not of the wardes and in the yeare next ensuyng it was well and truly agayne repayde euery penny to the good contentation and satisfying of them that disbursed it The king considering that the suretie of his royall estate and defence of the realme consisted chiefly in good lawes and ordinaunces to bee hadde and obserued among his people summoned eftsoones his highe courte of Parliamente therein to deuise and establishe some profitable actes and statutes for the wealth and commoditie of his people and then after hauyng sette thinges in quiet about London hee tooke his iorney into the North partes there to purge all the dregges of malicious treason that myghte rest in the heartes of vnquiet persons and namely
as hee was an eloquent and well spoken man that the Lord Lisle tooke suche immoderate ioy thereof that his heart beeing oppressed therewith The Lord Lisle died through immoderate ioy hee dyed the night following through too much reioycing After his deceasse the twelfth of the same moueth of Marche sir Iohn Iudeley sonne and heire to the said Lord Lisles wife was at Westminster created Vicount Lisle The seuenteÌ„th of March one Margaret Dauie a yong woman being a seruant was boyled in Smithfield for poysoning of hir mistres with whome she dwelt and diuers other persons George Ferrers In the Lent season whilest the Parliamente yet continued one George Ferrers Gentleman seruaunt to the K. being elect a Burgesse for the Towne of Plimmouth in the Countie of Deuon in going to the Parliament house was arrested in LondoÌ„ by a proces out of y e kings bench at the sute of one White for the summe of two C. markes or thereabouts wherein he was late afore condemned as a suretie for the debt of one Weldon of Salisburie which arrest being signified to sir Tho. Moyle knight then speaker of the Parliament and to the knights and Burgesses there order was taken that the Sergeant of the Parliamente called S. Iohn shoulde forthwith repaire to y e Counter in Bredstreete whither the said Ferrers was caried and there to demaunde deliuerie of y e prisoner The Sergeant as he had in charge went to the Counter and declared to the Clearkes there what he had in commaundement But they other officers of y e Citie were so far from obeying the said commandement as after many stout words they forcibly resisted the said Sergeant wherof ensued a fray within the Counter gates betwene the said Ferrers and the said officers not without hurt of eyther part so that the saide Sergeante was driuen to defende himselfe w t his mace of armes had y e Crowne therof broken by bearing of a stroke and his man striken downe During this braule the Sherifes of London called Rowlande Hill and Henrye Suckliffe came thither to whome the Sergeant complayned of this iniurie and required of them the deliuerie of the saide Burges as afore But they bearing with their officers made little accompt either of his complaint or of his message reiecting the same contemptuously with much pronde language so as the SergeaÌ„t was forced to returne without the prisoner And finding the speaker and al the knightes and burgesses sette in their places declared vnto them the whole case as it fell who tooke the same in so ill parte that they altogither of whome there were not a fewe as wel of the kings priuie counsayle as also of his priuie chamber would sit no longer without their burges but rose vp wholly and repaired to the vpper house where the whole case was declared by the mouth of the speaker before sir Tho. Audeley knight then L. Chancellor of Englande and all the Lordes and Iudges there assembled who iudging the contempt to be very greate referred the punishmente thereof to the order of the common house They returning to their places againe vpon new debate of the ease tooke order that their Sergeant should eâ—…oones repaire to the Sheriffes of London and require deliuerie of the said Burges without any writte or warrant had for the same but only as afore Albeit the Lorde Chancellor offered there to graunt a writte which they of the coÌ„mon house refused beeing in a cleare opinion that all commaundements and other actes proceeding from the nether house were to bee done and executed by their Serieant without writte only by shew of his mace which was his warrant But before the Serieantes returne into London the Sheriffes hauing intelligence howe heynously the matter was taken became somewhat more milde so as vpon the sayd second demaund they deliuered the prisoner without any deny all But the Serieant hauing then further in commaundemente from those of the nether house charged the sayde Sheriffes to appeare personally on the morrow by eyght of the clocke before the Speaker in the nether house and to bring thither the Clearkes of the Counter and such other of their officers as were parties to the sayde affray and in like manner to take into his custody the sayd White which wittingly procured the sayde arrest in contempte of the priuiledge of the Parliamente Whiche commaundemente beeing done by the sayde Serieant accordingly on the morrowe the two Sheriffes with one of the Clearkes of the Counter whyche was the chiefe occasion of the sayde affray togyther with the sayde White appeared in the common house where the speaker charging them with theyr contempte and misdemeanoure aforesayde they were compelled to make immediate aunswere withoute beeyng admitted to any counsayle Albeit Sir Roger Cholmeley then Recorder of London and other of the Counsayle of the Citie there present offered to speake in the cause whiche were all put to silence and none suffered to speake but the parties themselues wherevpon in conclusion the said Sheriffes and the same White were committed to the Tower of LondoÌ„ the said Clearke whiche was the occasion of y e fray to a place there called litle ease y e officer of LondoÌ„ which did y e 〈◊〉 called Tailor w t iiij other officers to Newgate where they remained froÌ„ the xxviij vntill y e vxx of March theÌ„ they were deliuered not without huÌ„ble 〈◊〉 made by the Maior of London â—… other their frends And forasmuch as the sayd Fewers being in execution vpon a coÌ„demnation of debt and set at large by priuiledge of Parliament was not by lawe to be brought againe into execution and so the partie without remedie for his debt as well against him as his principall debter after long debate of the same by the speeâ—…e of ix or x. dayes togither at last they resolued vppon an Acte of Parliament to be made and to reuiueth execution of the sayde debt agaynst the sayde Welden which was principall debter and to discharge the sayde Ferrers But before this came to passe the Common house was deuided vpon the question but in conclusion the Acte passed for the sayde Ferrers wonne by xiiij voyces The King then being aduertised of all this proceeding called immediatlye before him the Lord Chauncelor of England and his Iudges with the Speaker of the Parliament and other of the grauest persons of the nether house to whome he declared his opinion to this effect First commending their wisedome in maintayning the priuiledges of their house which he woulde not haue to be infringed in any poynte alledged that he being heade of the Parliament and attending in his owne person vpon the businesse thereof ought in reason to haue priuiledge for him and his all seruauntes attending there vpon him So that if the sayde Ferrers had bene no Burgesse but onely his seruant that in respect thereof he was to haue the priuiledge as well as any other For I vnderstand quoth he that your not
resort to a greater matter of youre vnkyndenesse a great vnnaturalnesse and suche an euill that if we thought it had not bene begonne of ignoraunce and continued by persuasion of certaine traytours amongst you which we thinke fewe in number but in their doings busie we coulde not be persuaded but to vse our sworde and to doe iustice And as we be ordeyned of God for to redresse your errours by auengement But loue and zeale yet ouercometh our iust anger but howe long that will be God knoweth in whose hande our heart is and rather for your owne causes being our christened subiectes we woulde ye were persuaded than vanquished taught than ouerthrowne quietly pacified than rigorously persecuted Yee require to haue the Statute of sixe Sixe articles Articles reuiued and knowe you what yee require Or knowe yee what case yee haue with the losse of them There were lawes made but quicklye repented too bloudie they were to bee borne of our people and yet at the first in deede made of some necessitie Oh subiectes howe are ye trapped by euill persons Wee of pitie bicause they were bloudie tooke them away and you nowe of ignoraunce will aske them againe You know full well that they helped vs to extende rigour and gaue vs cause to drawe our sworde verye often And since our mercie mooued vs to wryte our lawes with milke and equitie howe bee yee blinded to aske them in bloude But leauing this maner of reasoning and resorting to the truth of our authoritie we let you wit the same hath bene adnulled by Parliament with great reioyse of our subiectes and not nowe to be called in question The authority of a Parliamēt And dareth anye of you with the name of a subiect stande against an Acte of Parliament a lawe of the Realme What is our power if lawes shoulde be thus neglected or what is your suretie if lawes be not kept Assure you most surely that we of no earthly thing vnder the heauen make such reputation as we doe of this one to haue our lawes obeyed and this cause of God to be throughlye maintained from the which we will neuer remoue a heares breadth nor giue place to any creature liuing But therein will spend our owne royall person our crowne treasure Realme and all our state whereof we assure you of our high honour For herein resteth our honour herein doe all Kings knowledge vs a King And shall anye one of you dare breath or think against our kingdome and crowne In the ende of this your request as we be giuen to vnderstande ye woulde haue them stand in force vntill our full age To this we thinke that if ye knewe what ye spake ye woulde not haue vttered the motion nor neuer giuen breath to such a thought For what thinke you of our kingdome Be we of lesse authoritie for our age Be we not your King nowe as wee shall be Shall ye be subiectes hereafter and nowe are ye not Haue wee not the right wee shall haue If ye woulde suspende and hang our doings in doubt vntill our full age yee must first know as a king we haue no difference of yeares but as a naturall man and creature of God we haue youth and by his sufferance shall haue age Wee are your rightfull King your liege Lorde the souereigne Prince of Englande not by our age but by Gods ordinance not onelye when we shall bee one and twentie yeares of age but when we were of ten yeares We possesse our crowne not by yeares but by the bloude and discent from our father King Henrie the eyght If it be considered they which moue this matter if they durst vtter themselues woulde denie our kingdome But our good subiectes knowe their Prince and will encrease not diminishe his honour enlarge his power not abate it knowledge his kingdome not deferre it to certaine yeares All is one to speake against our crowne and to denie our kingdome as to require that our lawes may be broken vnto one and twentie yeares Be wee not your crowned annoynted and established King Wherin be we of lesse maiesty of lesse authority or lesse state than our progenitors Kings of this Realme Except your vnkindnesse your vnnaturalnesse will diminishe our estimation We haue hitherto since the death of our Father by the good aduise and counsayle of our deare and entirely beloued vnkle the Duke of Somerset and Gouernour and Protector kept our estate maintained our Realme preserued our honour defended our people from all enimies We haue hitherto bene feared and dreade of our enimies yea of Princes Kings and nations Yea herein we be nothing inferiour to any our Progenitours whiche grace we acknowledge to be giuen vs from God and howe else but by good obedience good counsayle of our Magistrates By the authoritie of oure kingdome Englande hitherto hath gained honour during our Reygne It hath wonne of the enimie and not lost It hath bene maruayled that we of so yong yeares haue reigned so nobly so royally so quietly And howe chaunceth that you our louing subiectes of that our countrie of Cornewall and Deuonshire will giue occasion to slaunder this our Realme of Englande to giue courage to the enimie to note our Realme of the euill of rebellion to make it a praye to oure olde enimies to diminishe our honour whiche God hath giuen our father lefte our good vnkle and Counsayle preserued vnto vs What greater euill coulde yee committe than enter nowe when our forreyne enimie in Scotlande and vpon the sea seeketh to inuade vs to doe oure Realme dishonour than to arise in this maner against our lawe to prouoke our wrathe to aske our vengeance and to giue vs an occasion to spende that force vppon you which we ment to bestow vpon our enimies to begynne to slay you with that sworde that we dreweforth against Scottes and other enimies To make a conquest of our owne people whiche otherwise should haue bene of the whole Realme of Scotlande Thus farre we haue descended from our high Maiestie for loue to consider you to your simple ignorance and haue bene content to sende you an instruction like a father who of iustice might haue sent you your destructions like a King to rebelles And nowe we let you know that as you see our mercie abundantly so if ye prouoke vs further we sweare to you by the liuing God ye shall feele the power of the same God in our sworde whiche howe mightie it is no subiect knoweth how puissant it is no priuate man can iudge howe mortall it is no Englishman dare thinke But surely surely as your Lorde and Prince your onely king and maister we say to you repent your selues and take our mercie without delay or else we will forthwith extende our princely power and execute our sharpe sworde against you as against infidels and Turkes and rather aduenture oure owne royall person state and power than the same shoulde not be executed And if you will proue the
Almayne In the vij yeare of Henrie the seconde of that name king of Fraunce and in the xj of Marie Queene of Scotlande The Duke of Northumberland arrested The xx of Iuly the Duke of Northumberlande being come backe vnto Cambridge beard that the Proclamation of Queene Marie was come thither whereof he being aduertised called for a trumpetter and an Heralt but none could be founde Wherevpon he ryding into the market place with the Maior and the Lorde Marques of Northampton made the Proclamation himselfe and threwe vp his cappe in token of ioy The Lorde Marques after this wente to Queene Marie but the Duke for that he was appoynted generall of the armie in the quarrell of the Ladie Iane of Suffolke was by the Maior of Cambridge and a Sergeaunt at armes arrested of treason and the xxv day of the sayde Moneth he with Frauncis Earle of Huntington Iohn Earle of Warwicke sonne and heire to the sayde Duke and two other of his yonger sonnes the Lorde Ambrose and the Lorde Henrie Dudley Sir Andrewe Dudley Sir Iohn Gates Captaine of the Garde to king Edwarde the sixth sir Henrie Gates brethren Sir Thomas Palmer Knightes and Doctor Sandes were brought to the tower by the earle of Arundell But as they entered within the tower gate the Earle of Arundell discharged the Lord Hastings taking him out of the tower with him The xxvj of Iulye the Lorde Marques of Northampton the Bishop of London the L. Robert Dudley and Sir Robert Corbet were brought from the Queenes Campe vnto the Tower The xxviij of Iuly the Duke of Suffolke was committed to the tower but the xxj of the same Moneth he was set at libertie by the diligent suite of the Ladie Frauncis grace his wife After that Queene Marie was thus with full consent of the Nobles and Commons of the Realme proclaymed Queene shee being then in Norffolke at hir Castell of Framingham Queene Marie commeth to London repayred with all speede to the Citie of London and the thirde day of the sayd moneth of August she came to the sayde citie and so to the tower where the Ladie Iane of Suffolke late afore proclaymed Queene with hir husbande the Lorde Guilforde a little before hir comming were comitted towarde and there remained almost after fiue monethes And by the waye as the Queene thus passed she was ioyfully saluted of all the people without anye misliking sauing that it was much feared of manye that she woulde alter the religion set forth by King Edwarde hir brother whereof then were giuen iust occasions bicause notwithstanding diuers lawes made to the contrarie shee had daylye Masse and Latine seruice sayde before hir in the Tower At hir entrie into the Tower there were presented to hir certaine prisoners Prisoners discharged namely Thomas Duke of Norffolke who in the last yeare of king Henrie the eyght as you haue hearde was supposed to be attainted of treason but in the Parliament holden in this first yeare of Queene Marie the sayde supposed attaindour was by the authoritie and acte of Parliament for good and apparaunt causes alledged in the sayde acte declared to be vtterlye frustrate and voyde Also Edwarde Courtney sonne and heyre of Henrie Marques of Exceter cosin germaine to king Henrie the eyght and Cuthbert Tunstall Bishop of Durham with other persons of great calling but especiallye Stephen Gardiner bishop of Winchester whome she not onely released of imprisonment Stephen Gardiner made L. Chancelor but also immediately aduaunced and preferred to bee Lorde Chauncelor of Englande restoring him also to his former estate and Bishopricke and remoued from the same one Doctor Poynet who a little before was placed therein by the gifte of King Edward the sixth And touching Edwarde Courtney she not aduaunced him to the Earledome of Deuonshire Edward Courtâ—…y created Earle of Deuonshire but also to so muche of his fathers possessions as there remayned in hir hands whereby it was then thought of many that she bare affection to him by way of mariage but it came not so to passe for what cause I am not able to giue any reason but surely the subiectes of Englande were most desirous thereof Vpon the receyuing of this newe Queene all the Bishops which had bene depriued in the time of King Edwarde the sixth hir brother for the cause of religion were nowe againe restored to their Bishoprickes and such other as were placed in King Edwarde his time remoued from their seates and other of contrarie religion placed Amongst whome Edmonde Bonner Doctor of the lawes late afore depriued from the sea of London and committed prisoner to the Marshalsee by order of King Edwards Counsayle was with all fauour restored to his libertie and Bishopricke maister Nicholas Ridley Doctor in Diuinitie late before aduaunced to the same sea by the saide King was hastily displaced and committed prisoner to the tower of London The cause why such extremitie was vsed towardes the sayde Bishop Ridley more than to the rest was for that in the time of Ladie Iane he preached a sermon at Paules crosse by the commaundement of King Edwardes Counsayle wherein he dissuaded the people for sundrie causes from receyuing the Ladie Marie as Queene The xiij of August Doctor Bonner restored nowe to his Bishopricke againe appointed one late a chaplaine of his called Doctor Borne Doctor Borne to preach at Paules crosse who was then promoted to the Queenes seruice and not long afterwarde was made Bishop of Bathe the sayde Doctor taking occasion of the Gospell of that day spake somewhat largely in the iustifying of Bishop Bonner being present at the Sermon whiche Bishop as the sayde Preacher then openly sayde for a Sermon made vpon the same Text and in the same place the same day foure yeares afore passed was most vniustly cast into the vile dungeon of the Marshalsee among theenes and there kept during the time of king Edwardes reigne This matter being set forth with great vehemencie so muche offended the eares of part of the audience that they brake silence and began to murmure and throng togither in such sort as the Maior and Aldermen with other of the wiser sort then present feared muche an vprore A dagger throwne at the preacher During which muttering one more feruent than his fellowes threwe a dagger at the Preacher but who it was came not to knowledge by reason of which outrage the Preacher withdrewe himselfe from the Pulpil and one maister Bradforde at the request of the Preachers brother and others standing there tooke the place and spake so mildely to the people that with fewe wordes he appeased their furie and after the sayde maister Bradforde and maister Rogers although men of contrarie religion conueyed the sayd Preacher into Paules schole and there left him in safetie The next Sundaye following for feare of a like tumult or worse order was taken that the Queenes garde shoulde be present in the place to defende the Preacher with weapons
Queene there is alledged my conference with Sir Thomas Wiat Sir Iames Croftes Sir Edwarde Rogers Sir Edwarde Warner Againste the marriage with Spaine and the comming of the Spanyardes hither whiche talke I doe not denie in sorte as I spake it and ment it and notwithstanding the malicious gathering this day of my conference proueth yet no leuying of warre There is also alledged for proofe of the same Article sir Iames Crofts cōfession which as you remember implieth no such thing but generall talk against the mariage with Spaine And of my departing Westwarde with the Earle of Deuon which the sayde Iames doth not auowe and therefore I praye you consider it as not spoken There is also for proofe of the sayde Article the Duke of Suffolkes confession with whom I neuer had conference and therefore he aduouched the tale of his brothers mouth who hath made my purgation in those matters and yet if the matter were proued they be not greatly materiall in lawe There is also alledged for the further proofe of the same Article and for deposing and depriuing the Queene of hir Royall estate and for my adhering to the Queenes enimes Cutbert Vaughans confession whose testimonie I haue sufficientlye disproued by sundrie authorities and circumstances and principally by your owne lawe which dothe require two lawfull and sufficient witnesses to be brought face to face Also for the taking of the tower of London there is alledged Winters depositions which vttereth my misliking when he vttered vnto mee Sir Thomas Wiats resolution and deuise for attempting of the sayde peece And last of all to enforce these matters mine owne confession is engrieued greatly against me wherein there doth appeare neyther treason neyther concelement of treason neyther whispering of treason nor procurement of treason And forasmuch as I am come hither to be tried by the lawe though my innocencie of all these pointes materiall obiected be apparant to acquite mee wherevnto I doe principallye cleaue yet I will for your better credit and satisfactions shewe you euidentlye that if you woulde beleeue all the depositions layde against me which I trust you will not doe I ought not to bee attainted of the treason comprised within my inditement considering the Statute of repeale the last parliament of all treasons other than suche as be declared in the xxv yeare of K. Edward the third both which statutes I praye you my Lordes may be redde here to the enquest Bromley No for there shall be no bookes brought at your desire we know the law sufficiently without booke Throckmor Do you bring me hither to trie mee by the lawe and will not shewe me the lawe what is your knowledge of the lawe to these mens satisfactions which haue my triall in hande I pray you my Lordes and my Lordes all let the statutes bee redde as well for the Queene as for mee Stanforde My Lord chiefe Iustice can shew the lawe and will if the Iurie doe doubt of any poynt Throckmor You knowe it were indifferent that I should knowe and heare the law whereby I am adiudged forasmuch as the statute is in Englyshe men of meaner learning than the Iustices can vnderstande it or else howe shoulde we knowe when we offend Hare You knowe not what belongeth to youre case and therefore we must teach you it appertaineth not to vs to prouide bookes for you neyther wee sit here to be taught of you you should haue taken better hede to the law before you had come hither Throckmor Bicause I am ignoraunt I woulde learne and therefore I haue more neede to see the law and partlye as well for the instructions of the Iurie as for my owne satisfaction which mee thinke were for the honor of this presence And now if it please you my Lorde chiefe Iustice I do direct my speach specially to you What time it pleased the Queenes maiestie to call you to this honourable office I did learne of a great personage of hir highnesse priuie counsayle that amongst other good instructions hir maiestie charged and enioyned you to minister the law iustice indifferently without respect of persons And notwithstanding the old error amōgst you whiche did not admit any witnesse to speake or any other matter to be hearde in the fauor of the aduersarie hir maiestie being partie hir highnes pleasure was that whatsoeuer could be brought in the fauor of the subiect shoulde be admitted to be heard And moreouer that you specially and likewise all other Iustices shoulde not persuade themselues to sit in iudgement otherwise for hir highnesse than for hir subiect Therefore this maner of indifferent proceeding being principally enioined by Gods commādement which I had thought partly to haue remembred you others here in Cōmission in the beginning if I might haue had leaue And the same also being commanded you by the Queenes owne mouth me think you ought of right to suffer me to haue the statutes red openly also to reiect nothing y t coulde be spoken in my defence and in thus doing you shal shew your selues worthy ministers and fit for so worthie a mistresse Bromley You mistake the matter the Queene spake those wordes to maister Morgan chiefe Iustice of the Common place but you haue no cause to complaine for you haue bene suffered to talke at your pleasure Ha◅e What woulde you doe with the Statute booke the Iurie doth not require it they haue hearde the euidence and they must vppon their conscience trie whether you bee guiltie or no so as the booke needeth not if they will not credite the euidence so apparant then they know what they haue to doe Cholmley You ought not to haue anye bookes red here at your appointment for where dothe aryse anye doubte in the lawe the Iudges sitte here to informe the Court and nowe you doe but spende time The attorney I pray you my Lorde chiefe Iustice repeate the euidence for the Queene and giue the Iurie their charge for the prisoner will keepe you here all day Bromley Howe say you haue you any more to saye for your selfe Throckmor You seeme to giue and offer mee the lawe but in very dede I haue only the forme image of the lawe neuerthelesse since I cannot be suffred to haue the statutes red openly in the booke I will by your pacience gesse at them as I may and I pray you to help me if I mistake for it is long since I did see them The statute of repeale made the last Parliament hath these wordes Be it enacted by the Queene that from henceforth none acte deede or offence being by acte of Parliament or statute made treason petit treason or misprision of treason by words writing printing ciphering deedes or otherwise whatsoeuer shall be taken had deemed or adiudged treason petit treason but only such as be declared or expressed to be treason in or by an acte of Parliament made in the xxv yeare of Edw. iij. touching and concerning treasons and the
therto agreeable nor induce the souldiours to admit him they hauing already established his sonne he began to deuyse wayes howe to assure the state more strongly to his sayde sonne and hearyng that his sonne in law Constantine was mynded to come into Italy against him he purposed to practise Constantines destruction in somuch that it was iudged by this which folowed â—…issimulation y t Herculeus Maximinus did but for a colour seme to mislyke with that whiche his son Maxentius had done to the ende he might the sooner accomplishe his entente for the dispatching of Constantine oute of the waye Herevpon as it were fleing out of Italy â—…anulphus â—…estrensis he came to Constantine who as then hauing appointed lieutenants vnder him in Britayn remayned in France and with all ioy and honor that mighte bee receiued his father in lawe the which being earnestly bent to compasse his purpose Fausta the daughter of Maximinus vvife to Constantine made his daughter Fausta priuie therto whiche ladie either for feare least the concealyng therof might turne hir to displesure either else for the entier loue whiche she bare to hir husbande reueled hir fathers wicked purpose Wherevpon whilest Constantine goeth about to be reuenged of suche a trayterous practise Herculeus fleeth to Mersiles Marsiles purposing there to take the sea and so to retire to his sonne Maxentius into Italye But ere he coulde get away from thence he was stangled by commaundemente of his sonne in lawe Constantine Maximinus slayne An. Chri. 311. and so ended his lyfe whiche he had spotted with many cruell actes as well in persecutyng the professour 〈◊〉 the Christian name as others In this mean time had Maximinus adopted one Licinius to assiste hym in gouernaunce of the empire Licinius chosen fellovv vvith Maximianus in the empire proclayming hym Cesar So that nowe at one selfe tyme Constantine gouerned Fraunce and the weast partes of the Empire Maxentius helde Italy Affrike and Egypte And Maximinus whydhe lykewyse had but elected Cesar ruled the Easte partes and Licinius Illyrium and Grecia But shortly after the Emperoure Constantine ioyned in league with Licinius and gaue to him his sister in marriage named Constantia for more suretie of faithfull friendship to endure betwixt them He sent him also against Maximinus who gouerning in the East parte of the Empire purposed the destruction of Constantine and all his partakers but being vanquished by Licinius at Tarsus he shortly after dyed being eaten with lice Constantine after this was called into Italy to deliuer the Romaynes and Italians from the tyrannie of Maxentius whiche occasion so offered Constantine gladly accepting passed into Italy and after certaine victories gote againste Maxentius at length slewe him And after this when Maximinus was dead whiche prepared to make warre againste Licinius that hadde married Constantia the sister of Constantine hee finally made warre against his brother in lawe the sayde Licinius by reason of suche quarrels as fell out betwixt theÌ„ In the whiche warre Licinius was putte to the worse and at length comming into the handes of Constantine was put to deathe so that Constantine by this meanes gote the whole Empire vnder his rule and subiection Hee was a greate fauorer of the Christian Religion in somuche that to aduance the same hee tooke order for the conuerting of the Temples dedicated in the honors of Idols vnto the seruice of the true and Almightie God Hee commaunded also Christians honoured cherished that none should be admitted to serue as a Souldiour in the warres excepte hee were a Christian nor yet to haue rule of any countrey or armie Hee also ordeyned the weeke before Easter and that whiche folowed to be kept as holy and no person to doe any bodily workes during the same He was muche counsailed by that noble most vertuous ladie his mother the Empresse Helene Polydore The prayse of the Empresse Helenae the whiche being a godly and deuoute woman did what in hir laye to moue him to the setting foorth of Gods honour and encrease of the christian faith wherein as yet he was not fully instructed Some writers alledge that she beeing at Ierusalem 320. made diligent searche to finde out the place of the Sepulchre of our Lorde and at length founde it thoughe with muche adoe for the infidels had stopped it vp and couered it with a heape of filthie earth and buylded alofte vpon the place a chappell dedicated to Venus where yong women vsed to sing songes in honoure of that vnchaste Goddesse Helene caused the same to be ouerthrowne and the earth to be remoued and the place clensed so that at length the sepulchre appeared and fast by were founde there buried in the earth .iij. crosses and the nailes but the crosse wherevppon our Sauiour was crucifyed was known by the title written vpon it The Crosse founde though almost worne out in letters of Hebrew greke and Latine the inscription was this Iesus Nazarenus rex Iudaeorum It was also perceyued which was that Crosse by a miracle as it is reported but how truly I can not tell that shuld be wrought thereby For being layde to a sicke woman only with the touching therof she was healed It was also sayde that a dead man was raysed from death to lyfe his bodie onely being touched therwith Whervpon Constantine moued with these things forbade that from thenceforth any should be put to death on the Crosse to the ende that the thing which afore tyme was accompted infamous and reprochefull myghte nowe be had in honour and reuerence The Empresse Helen hauing thus found the Crosse buylded a temple there and taking wyth hir the nayles returned with the same to hir son Constantine who set one of them in the crest of his helmet Polidorus an other in the brydell of his horsse and the thirde he castinto the sea to assuage and pacifie the furious tempestes and rage thereof She also brought with hir a parcell of that holy Crosse Polidorus and gaue it to hir sonne the sayd Constantine the whiche he caused to be closed within an Image that represented his person standing vppon a piller in the market place of Constantine or as some late writers haue he caused it to be enclosed in a coffer of golde adorned with ryche stones and Pearles placing it in a Churche called Sessoriana the which church he endued with many great giftes and precious ornamentes Many workes of greate zeale and vertue are remembred by writers to haue bin done by thys Constantine and his mother Helene to the setting foorth of Gods glorie and the aduauncing of the faith of Christe The commendation of Constantine But to be briefe he was a manne in whome many excellent vertues and good qualities bothe of mynde and bodie manifestly appeared chiefly he was a prince of great knowledge and experience in warre and therewith verie fortunate an earnest louer of iustice and to conclude borne
Eugenius after he had gouerned the kingdome about three yeares his bodie was buried in Colmekill amongest his auncesters thoughe the people thought it little worthie of that honor which had misused it selfe so inordinately in this present life Ferguse 767. AFter him came the administration of the Realme vnto Ferguse the thirde the sonne of king Ethfine in the yeare 767. who being established in the same Ferguse the thirde created king beganne freely to practise all kindes of vices which most abundantly raigned in him howbeit till that day wonderfully dissembled and kept couert He seemed to striue howe to passe his predessour in all poyntes of wickednesse A wicked Prince Hee tooke no regarde at all to the gouernment of his Realme but gaue himselfe to excessiue gluttonie in deuouring of delicate meates and drinks and therwith kept suche a number of vile strumpettes in house with him whom hee vsed as concubines that his wife was no better esteemed than as an handmayde or rather a kitchin mayde Who being a woman of great modestie and sober aduisednesse coulde not yet but take sore griefe and indignation hereat and therefore sundrie tymes assayed by waye of wholesome perswasions to turne his minde from such sinfull vsages and filthie trade of liuing Finally when she saw there was no hope to conuert his deprauate minde nor by any meanes to refourme him but that the more shee laboured to doe good vppon him the worse he was through verie displeasure of suche iniuries as shee daylye susteyned at the handes of his concubines King Ferguse the third strangled by his wife shee founde meanes to strangle him secretely one night as hee lay in his bed choosing rather to be without a husband than to haue one that shoulde deceyue hir of the right and dutie of mariage and that in such sort as she must be faine to suffer the reproch dayly afore hir face being misvsed of them whom he kept as paramours in most dispiteful maner The day after she wrought this feate the bodie being founde deade was apparayled in funerall wise brought forth into the place of iudgement where inquisition was straightly made what they were that had done so heynous a deed For though there were but few that lamented his death yet some of his friends were verie earnest to haue the matter tryed forth that such as had cōmitted the murther might suffer due punishment Suspicious persons are racked Many were apprehended and had to the rack but yet could not be founde that would confesse it The Queene was voyde of all suspition as she that had bene taken for a woman at all times of great temperancie But yet when shee hearde that a number of innocent persons were tormented without desart sore lamenting as shoulde appeare theyr miserable case she came hastily into the Iudgement hall The Queene confessed the murther and getting hir aloft vpō the bench there in the presence of al the company she had these or the like wordes vnto the whole assembly I knowe not good people I knowe not what God moueth me or what diuine reuengement vexeth me with sundry thoughts and cogitations that of all this daye and morning preceeding I haue had neither rest in bodie nor minde And verely when I hearde that certaine guiltlesse persons were cruelly tormented here in your presence had not wrath giuen place party vnto modestie whereof I must confesse there is left but a small portiō in me I had forthwith rid my self out of the way The kings death was mine act Conscience constrayneth me setting apart mine owne safegarde to confesse the truth least the guiltlesse shoulde wrongfully perishe Therefore vnderstande yee for truth that none of them whome ye haue examined are priuie to the offence I verily am she that with these wicked handes haue strangled this night last past Ferguse about whose death I see you in trouble moued so to do with two as sharpe pricks as may rest in a woman to wit Impatient forbearing of carnall lust and yrefull wrath Ferguse by his continuall vsing of concubines kept from me the due debt that the husbande oweth to the wife whereupon when there was no hope to reconcile him with often aduertisementes vehement force of anger rysing in my heart droue mee to doe so wicked a deed I thought lieffer therefore to dispatch the Adulterer then being destitute of my husbande and defrauded of all Queenely honor to liue still subiect vnto the perpetuall iniuries of such lewde women as hee kept and vsed in my steade She giueth hir owne sentence Loose ye therefore those that be accused of the kings death and as for me ye shall not neede to proceede agaynst me as guiltie of the crime by order of law for I that was so bolde to commit so heynous an act will accordingly do execution vpon my selfe euen here incontinently in presence of you all what honour is due to the deade looke you to that Hauing thus made an ende of hir tale The Queene taketh execu◅ of hir selfe shee plucked forth a knife which she had hid vnder hir gowne and stroke hirselfe to the heart with the same falling deade vpon it downe to the grounde All such as were present wondered greatly at hir stoute and hardie stomacke speaking diuersly thereof as some in prayse and some in disprayse of these hir monstrous doings The bodie of Ferguse was caryed foorth to the I le of Colmekill and there buryed in the thirde yeare after his entring into the gouernment and in the yeare of our Lorde 769. 767. H.B. The Quenes corps was not buried in sacred ground for that she slue hirselfe Thus he being in maner impotent and lame of his lymmes there were some commotions misorders the more boldly attempted first amongst thē of y e out Iles. A rebellion For Bane Makedonald goueruernor by the kings appointment of the Ilande called Tyre got all the castels and fortresses of the Iles into his owne handes and strengthned with a route of vnruly and mischieuous youthful persons Makedonalde proclaymed king of the Iles. toke possession of al the said Iles causing himselfe to be proclaimed king of the same And yet not contented herewith he gathered a number of shippes togither wherein transporting himselfe with a great armie ouer into Lorne and Cantyre He inuadeth Lorn and Cantyre made great wast spoyle of those countreys til Duthquhal gouernor of Athole and Culane of Argyle A power from the king is sent against him beeing sent with a chosen power from the king to defend the countrey chaunced to encounter with him and putting him with hys people vnto flight chased them vnto such a strait where there was no way to get forth saue onely that by which they entered This place is in Lorn with a strayght passage to enter into it but whē ye are within it the same is verie large and brode enuironed aboute with craggie mountaynes chayned togither
see was then voyd and sent him into Ireland with Laurence the Archbishop of Dublin to be consecrated of Donate the Archbishop of Cassels A great deâ—â— The same yeare both Englande and the countreyes adioyning were sore vexed with a greate mortalitie of people and immediately after followed a sore dearth and famine King Henry helde his Christmas at Windsor An. Reg. 〈◊〉 1176 and about the feast of the conuersioÌ„ of Saint Paule he came to Northampton and now after that the mortalitie was well ceassed A Parliamâ—â—â— at Northâ—â—ton hee called a Parliamente there at the whiche was presente a Deacon Cardinall entitled of S. Angelo beyng sent into England as a Legate from the Pope to take order in the controuersies betwixte the two Archbishops of Canterbury and Yorke This Cardinall whose name was Hugh Petro Lione Mat. Parâ—â— assembling in the same place a conuocation or Synod of the Bishops and Clergie as well of England as Scotland in which conuocation after the ceassing of certeine strifes and decrees made as well concerning the state of coÌ„mon wealth as for the honest behauiour of mans life the Cardinall consented that accordingly as by the Kings lawes it was already ordeined all maner of persons within the sacred orders of y e Clergie An acte against Priâ—â—â— that were â—â—â—ters which should hunt within y e Kings groundes and kill any of his Deare shuld be conuented and punisheable before a temporall Iudge which libertie graunted to the King did so infringe the immunitie which the Cleargie pretended to haue within this Realme that afterwardes in many poyntes Priestes were called before temporall Iudges and punished for their offences as well as the Laitie though they haue grudged indeede and mainteined that they had wrong therein as they that would be exempt and iudged by none except by those of their owne order Polidor â—…eruas Dorâ—… Moreouer at this Counsell Kyng Henry restored vnto Robert Earle of Lecester all his laÌ„ds both on this side the sea and beyond in manner as hee helde the same fifteene dayes before the warre To William de Albeny Earle of Arundell he gaue the Erledome of Sussex About midlent the King with hys sonne and the Legate came to London where at Westminster a Conuocation of the Cleargie was called but when the Legate was set and the Archbishop of Canterbury on his right hand as primate of the Realme the Archbyshop of Yorke comming in The presumptuous demâ—â—nor of the Archbishop of Yorke disdeining to sitte on the left hand where he might seeme to giue preheminence vnto the Archbishop of Canterbury vnmanerly ynough indede swasht him down meaning to thrust himselfe in betwixt the Legate and the Archb. of Canterbury where belike the sayd Archb. of Canterbury was loth to remoue hee set his buttockes iust in his lappe but he vnneth touched the Archbishops skirt with his bumme wheÌ„ the Bishops and other Chapleines and their seruantes stept to him pulled him away and threwe him to the grounde and beginning to ley on hym with bats fistes the Archb. of Canterbury yeelding good for euill sought to saue him from theyr hands Appeales made After this followed appealings the Archbyshop of Yorke appealed to Rome and the Legate also for his owne safegard appealed the Archbyshoppe of Canterbury vnto Rome whiche Archbishop submitting himselfe and his cause vnder the Popes protection made a like solemne appeale from the Legate to the Pope The Legate perceiuing that the matter wente otherwise than hee wished and sawe little remedie to be had at that present gaue ouer his Legateship as it had bin of his owne accorde though greatly agaynste hys will and prepared himselfe to depart Yet neuerthelesse through mediation of friendes that trauelled betwixt them they gaue ouer their appeales on either syde and dissimuled the displeasures whiche they had conceyued eyther against other but yet the conuocation was dissolued for that time The Conuocation dissolued and the two Archbishoppes presented theyr compleyntes to the King who kepte his Easter thys yeare at Winchester and about the same time or shortly after licenced his sonne Henry to sayle ouer into Normandy meaning shortly after to goe vnto Compostella in Spaine to visite the body of Saint Iames the Apostle but beeing otherwise aduised by his fathers letters hee kepte not on his purpose but stayed at home The same yeare the Lady Iohan the Kyngs daughter was giuen in marriage vnto William King of Sicill Also the same yere died the Lorde chiefe Iustice of Irelande N. Triuet Roberte Earle of Striguill otherwise Chepstow then was William Fitzaldelme ordeined Lorde chiefe Iustice in hys place who seased into the Kynges hands all those fortresses which the sayd Earle of Striguill helde within the Realme of Irelande The Irishmen agreed also to yeelde to the Kyng a tribute of twelue pence yearely for euery house â—…eg Hou â—…ic triuet or else for euery yoke of Oxen whiche they had of their owne A tribute graÌ„ted by the Irishe William Earle of Arundell dyed also this yeare at Wauerley and was buried at Wymondham â—…eg Houed This yeare when it mighte haue bin thoughte that all things hadde bin forgotten touching the rebellious attemptes made against King Henry the father by his sonnes â—…he walles 〈◊〉 the towne 〈◊〉 Castell â—…f Lecester â—â—â—â—s ed. and other as before yee haue heard he caused the walles both of the town and Castell of Leicester to bee raced and broken downe and also all such other Castels and places of strength whiche had bin kept againste him during the time of that Rebellion were likewise ouerthrowen and made playne with the grounde as the Castels of Huntington Waleton Growby Hey Stutesbirry or Sterdesbirry Malasert the newe Castell of Allerton the Castels of Fremingham and Bungey with diuers other bothe in England and Normandy But the Castels of Pascy and Mountsorell he reteined in hys owne hands as his of right beeing so found by a iurie of free holders empanelled there in the countrey And further he seazed into his hands all the other Castels of Byshoppes Earles and Barons bothe in Englande and Normandy appoynting keepers in them at hys pleasure â—…leanor the â—…ings daughâ—â—r married 〈◊〉 to the king â—…f Castile â—…ilbert Fitz â—…ergus Also this yeare he married his daughter Eleanor vnto Alfonse K. of Castile Moreouer Gilbert the son of Fergus Lord of Galloway whiche hadde slayne his brother Vthred cousin to King Henry came this yeare into Englande vnder conduit of William King of Scotlande and became King Henry the fathers man swearing to him fealtie against all men and for to haue his loue and fauour he gaue to hym a thousand markes of siluer and deliuered into hys hands his sonne Duncane as a pledge It is to be remembred also Richard Earle â—…f Poictow that in this yeare Richard Earle of Poyctow sonne to King Henry foughte with certaine Brabanders his enimies
also an other De sua innocentia Nicholas Cantlow a Welchman borne discended of an auntient family in Southwales as by Bale it should appeare became a Frier Carmelite in Bristow Henry WichinghaÌ„ a Carmelite Frier of Norwiche a notable diuine a greate Preacher and wrote also sundrie treatises of diuinitie Iohn Lidgate a Monke of Burie an excellente Poet and chiefe in his time in that facultie of al other that practised the same within this land he trauelled through Fraunce and Italy to learne the languages and sciences how greatly he profited in atteyning to knowledge the workes whyche he wrote doe sufficiently testifie Nicholas Hostresham an excellent Phisition Iohn Blackney a religious man of the order of the Trinitie entituled De redemptione captiuorum and Prior of an house of the same order at Ingham in Northfolke he was surnamed Blackney of the towne where he was borne Thomas Beckington Bishop of Bathe wrote againste the lawe Salique whereby the Frenchmen woulde seclude the Princes of this Realme from theyr title to the Crowne of Fraunce Iohn BaringhaÌ„ a Carmelite Frier of Ippeswich or Gippeswiche in Suffolke Dauid Boys borne in Wales and a Frier Carmelite professed in Gloucester a doctor of diuinitie Iohn Brome an Augustine Frier Michael Trigurie a Cornishe man borne whome for his excellencie in learning K. Henry the fifth appointed to be master or gouernoure whether ye list to call him of that schole or Vniuersitie which he instituted in the Citie of Caen in Normandie after hee had broughte it vnder his subiection Iohn Amundisham a Monke of Sainte Albons Oswalde Anglicus a Monke of y e Chartreux order Iohn Keningale a Carmelite Frier of Norwiche Peter de Sancta fide that is of Sainte Faith a Carmelite also of Norwiche Reginalde Pecocke Bishop of Chichester of whome yee haue heard before he was borne in Wales and Student in Oriall Colledge in Oxforde where hee proceeded doctor of Diuinitie hee wrote manye treatises touching the Christian religion Iohn â—…named Bâ—…ie of the towne where hee was borne an Augustine Frier in the Towne of Clare in Suffolke Robert Fleming Thomas Gascoigne borne at Hunâ—…te in Yorkshire of that worshipfull familie of y e Gascoignes there a Doctor of Diuinitie and Chancellor of the Vniuersitie of Oxforde William Stapilhart borne in â—…ente but by profession a white Frier in London Robert FuninghaÌ„ borne in Northfolke a Franciscane Frier in Norwich Nicholas Moâ—…ute an Historiographer Iohn ChaÌ„dler Chancellor of Welles William Botoner discended of a good house a Knight by degree and borne in Bristowe very studious in antiquities and other sciences Iohn Stowe a Monke of Norwiche but Student in Oxeford where he proceeded doctor of Diuinitie Thomas Langley a Monke of Hulme Nicholas Bingey borne in a Towne of Northfolke of that name wrote an historie called Adunationes chronicorum Henrye Beauford Bishoppe of Winchester base sonne to Iohn Duke of Lancaster of whome before we haue made sufficient mention hee was aduanced to the dignitie of Cardinall by Pope Martine the fourth in the yeare .1426 Adam Homlington a Carmelite Frier William Coppinger master of the Vniuersitie of Oxford Thomas Stacie an experte Mathematicien and no lesse skilfull in Astronomie Iohn Talaugerne a Monke of Worcester William Sutton an Astrologicien Robert Balsacke wrote a booke entitled De re militari that is to saye of warre or cheualrie so that as is thoughte hee was both a good souldier and a painefull student of good letters Thomas DaÌ„do a Carmelite Frier of Marleburg hee wrote the life of Alphred Kyng of West Saxons William Grey borne of the noble house of the Greys of Codnor hee 〈◊〉 attayne to some excellencie of learning into Italy where hee hearde that noble Cleaâ—…e Guarinus Veronensis reede in Ferrarâ—… hee was preâ—…erred to the Bishopricke of Elie in the yeare .1454 by Pope Nicholas the fifth when Thomas Burchier was translated from thence to Caunterburie Iohn Kemp Archbishop of York and after remoued from thence to Caunterbury as before yee haue heard hee was made Cardinall of Saint Albine by Pope Eugene the fourth Adam Molins or Milner as Bale calleth hym keeper of the Kinges prittie Seale excellently learned in time of the ciuill warre betwixt King Henry and the Duke of Yorke lost his head as many other did in time of those helliâ—…e tragedies God deliuer euerye Christian Realme from the like Thomas Chillenden a Doctor both of the lawe Ciuill and Canon became at length a Monke in Canterburie Roberte Bale surnamed the elder excellently learned in the lawes of the Realme was aduanced to the office of Recorder of London gathered as it were a Chronicle of the customes lawes foundatioÌ„s changes restoring Magistrates offices orders and publique assemblies of the Citie of London with other matters touching the perfect description of the same Citie he wrote other works also touching the state of the same citie and the actes of King Edwarde the thirde hee departed this life in the yeare of our Lorde .1461 euen about the beginning of the raigne of King Edward the fourth vnto whome we will nowe agayne returne King Edward the fourth An. reg 1. Edward the .iiij. AFTER that thys noble Prince Edward Erle of March had consented to take vpoÌ„ him y e gouernemente of thys Kingdome of Englande through perswasion of the Prelates and other of the nobilitie as before ye haue hearde the morow next ensuing being the fourth of March he rode to the Church of Saint Paule The Earle of Marche taketh vpon him as King and there offered and after Te Deum song with greate solemnitie hee was conueyd to Westminster and there set in the hall with the Scepter royal in his hand where to all the people there in great number assembled His title declared his title and clayme to the Crowne of England was declared two maner of wayes the first as sonne and heire to Duke Richard hys father right inheritor to the same the second by authoritie of Parliament and forfeiture committed by King Henry Wherevpon it was agayne demaunded of the commons if they woulde admitte and take the sayde Earle as their Prince and soueraigne Lord whiche all with one voyce cryed yea yea This agreement then being thus concluded he entred into Westminster Churche vnder a Canapie with solemne procession and there as king offered and herewith taking the homages of all the nobles there present hee returned by water to London He is proclaymed King and was lodged in the Bishops palais and on the morrow after he was proclaymed K. by the name of Edwarde the fourth throughout the Citie This was in the yeare of the world .5427 and after the birth of our sauiour .1461 after our accompt beginning the yeare at Christmas but after the vsuall accompt of the Church of England 1460. about the twentith of the Emperor Frederike the thirde the nine and thirtith and last of Charles the seuenth King of Fraunce and fyrste yeare of the raigne of Iames the
vntruely alledged that they held the same of the Kyng in capite And when such persons as were thus vexed offered to trauerse those offices they coulde not bee admitted thereto in suche due and lawfull forme as in suche causes the lawe prouideth till they hadde compounded to paye greate fynes and raunsomes Moreouer the kings Wardes after they had accomplished their full age could not be suffered to sue theyr lyueries tyll they hadde paide excessiue fynes and raunsomes vnto their greate anoyance losse and disquieting and to no lesse contempte of the sayde late King And further where as dyuers persons had bin outlawed as well as the suite of theyr aduersaries as of the sayde late Kyng they coulde not be allowed to purchase theyr charters of pardon out of the Chancery according to the lawe of the Realme till they were driuen to aunswere halfe the issues and profites of all theyr landes and tenementes by the space of two yeares whiche the Kyng receyued to hys vse by the sayde Richarde Empsons procuremente who enformed hym that hee myghte lawfully take the same although hee knewe that it was contrarie to the lawes and customes of the Realme wherevppon the people vexed and molested by suche hard dealings sore grudged agaynste the sayde late Kyng to the greate perill and daunger of hys person and Realme and subuersion of the lawes and auntiente customes thereof Also it was alledged againste the said Empson that he hadde sente forth preceptes directed vnto dyuers persons commaundyng them vppon greate penalties to appeare before him and other hys associates at certayn dayes and times within hys house in Sainte Brydes Parishe in a warde of London called Farringdon without where they makyng theyr appearances accordyng to the same preceptes were impleaded afore hym and other his sayde associates of dyuers murthers felonies outlaries and of the articles in the statute of prouisors conteyned also of wilfull escapes of Felons and such like matters and articles apperteyning to the plees of the Crowne and common lawes of the Realme And that done the sayde persons were committed to dyuers prisons as the Fleete the Tower and other places where they were deteyned tyll they hadde fined at hys pleasure as well for the commoditie of the sayde late Kyng as for the singular aduauntage of the sayde Sir Richarde Empson Moreouer whereas the sayde Empson beeing Recorder of Couentrie and there sate with the Maior and other Iustices of the peace vppon a speciall gaole delyuerie within y e Citie on the Monday before the feast of S. Thomas the Apostle in the sixteenth yeare of the late kyngs raigne a prisoner that hadde beene endited of felonie for takyng out of an house in that Citie certayne goodes to the value of twentie shillings was arraigned before them and bycause the Iurie would not finde the sayde prisoner giltie for wante of sufficient euidence as they after alledged the sayde Sir Richarde Empson supposing the same euidence to be sufficient caused them to be committed toward wherein they remayned foure dayes togyther till they were contented to enter band in fortie pound a peece to appeare before the Kyng and hys Counsell the second returne of the tearme then nexte ensuing being Quindena Hillarij and therevppon they keeping their day and appearing before the said sir Richard Empson and other of the kings counsell according to their bandes were adiudged to pay euery of them eyght pound for a fyne and accordingly made payment thereof as they were then thought well worthy so to do But nowe this matter so long past was still kepte in memorie and so earnest some were to enforce it to the vttermost against the sayd Empson that in a Sessions holden at Couentrie nowe in thys first yere of this kings raigne an inditemēt was framed against him for this matter and thereof he was found giltie as if therein he had committed some great and heynous offence againste the Kings peace his Crowne and dignitie Thus haue I thought good to shew what I find hereof to the end ye may perceiue how glad men were to find some coulour of sufficiēt matter to bring the said sir Richard Empson master Edmonde Dudley within daunger of the lawes whereby at lengthe they were not onely condemned by acte of Parliament through malice of such as might seeme to seeke their destruction for priuate grudges but in the end also they were arreigned as first the said Edmond Dudley in the Guild Hall of London the seuententh of Iuly and sir Richarde Empson at Northāpton in October nexte ensuing and beeing there condemned was from thence broughte backe againe to the Tower of London where hee remained till the time of his execution as after yee shall heare This yeare the plague was greate and raigned in diuers parts of this Realme 1510 The King kepte hys Christmas at Richemond The twelfth of Ianuary dyuers Gentlemen prepared to iust and the Kyng and one of hys priuie chamber called William Compton secretely armed themselues in the little Parke of Richmond and so came into the iustes vnknowen to all persons The Kyng neuer ranne openly before and did exceedinglye well Master Compton chanced to be sore hurt by Edward Neuill Esquier brother to the Lord of Burgeinie so that he was lyke to haue dyed One person there was that knew the Kyng and cryed God saue the Kyng and with that all the people were astonyed and then the Kyng discouered hymselfe to the great comfort of the people The Kyng soone after came to Westminster and there kepte his Shrouetide with greate banquettings dauncings and other iolly pastimes Ambassadors This yeare also came Ambassadors not only from the Kyng of Arragon and Castile but also from the Kynges of Fraunce Denmarke Scotlande and other princes whych were highly welcomed and nobly enterteyned Thys yeare An. reg 2. the Kyng celebratyng the feast of Pentecost at Greenewiche the Thurseday in that weeke with two other whome hee chose of purpose to assist hym as aydes chalenged all commers to fyghte with them at the barriers with target and punching staffe of eyghte foote long and that done to fyghte eache of them twelue strokes with two handed swordes with and against all commers none except beeyng a Gentleman where the Kyng behaued hymselfe so well and deliuered hymselfe so valiauntlye that through hys manly prowes and greate strengthe the lande and prayse of that martiall pastime was gyuen to hym and his aydes notwithstandyng that dyuers valiante and strong personages had assayled them In this seconde yeare the Kyng beeing forth on his progresse hearde euerye daye more and more complayntes of Empson and Dudley set forthe and aduaunced no doubte by the drifte of theyr deadly enimies wherefore The seuenth day hath Ioh◅ Stowe Empson and Dudley beheaded he sent writtes to the Sheriffes of London to putte them to execution and so the seauententh daye of August they were both beheaded at the Tower hil and both theyr bodyes and heads buryed
onely for your owne persons but also for your necessarie seruauntes euen to your Cookes and Horsekepers enioy the sayde priuiledge insomuch as my Lorde Chancelour here present hath informed vs that he being Speaker of the Parliament the Cooke of the Temple was arrested in London and in execution vpon a statute of the Staple And forasmuche as the sayde Cooke during all the Parliament serued the Speaker in that office he was taken out of execution by the priuiledge of the Parliament And further we be informed by our Iudges that we at no time stand so highly in our estate royall as in the time of Parliament wherein we as heade and you as members are conioyned and knit togither into one bodie politike so as whatsoeuer offence or iniurie during that time is offered to the meanest member of the house is to be iudged as done against our person the whole court of Parliament the which prerogatiue of y e court is so great as our lerned counsel informeth vs as all actes processes comming out of any other without Eâ—… 〈…〉 those and 〈◊〉 to the 〈…〉 partâ—…e 〈…〉 of great presumptioÌ„ in him 〈◊〉 â—…ing on seruant 〈…〉 this house and being wâ—…ed hereof before 〈…〉 prosecular his maden out of time and therefore 〈…〉 well woâ—… throw than 〈…〉 would not wish and therfore 〈…〉 and equitie that 〈◊〉 â—…pâ—…ure 〈…〉 restored him to the same against 〈◊〉 who 〈◊〉 his debter and if it be well considered what 〈◊〉 charge hath it bene to vs and you all not 〈◊〉 in expence of our substaunce but 〈…〉 〈◊〉 whiche shoulde haue bene employed 〈◊〉 the affaires of our Realme to fiue 〈…〉 one whole fortnight about this 〈◊〉 priuate 〈◊〉 he may think himselfe 〈…〉 than his 〈◊〉 And this may be a good exam places other to 〈◊〉 good maner and not to 〈…〉 anye thing against the priuiledge of the Tourne but to 〈◊〉 their time 〈◊〉 This is 〈…〉 and if I 〈…〉 my selfe to the iudgement 〈◊〉 our Iustices here present and other learned in one lawes Whervpon sir 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 then L. these Iustice very grauely 〈◊〉 that opinion confirming by diuersse in all thâ—… the King had sayd which was 〈◊〉 vnto 〈◊〉 all the residue none speaking to y e contrary The acte indeede passed not the highe â—…use for that Lordes had noâ—…t time to consider of itâ—… by reason of the dissolution of the Parliaments the feast of Easter then approching Bicause this 〈◊〉 bene diuersly reported and is commonly alledged as a president for the priuiledge of the Parliaments I haue 〈…〉 hymselfe 〈…〉 the troth therefore so set it forth with 〈◊〉 circumstance at large according to their construction who ought best both to know and 〈…〉 This yere in May the 〈…〉 of many of all such as were valued at loâ—… An. reg 34. 〈◊〉 y e subsidie bookes The L. priuy feale A loane y e B. of Wâ—…nâ—…chester sir Iohn 〈◊〉 and sir Thomas Wrâ—…thesley were coÌ„missioners about this 〈◊〉 LoÌ„don where they so handled the matter y e some head citizens they obteyned a M. marks in pâ—…est to the kings vse They that layde forth any sum in this wise had priuie seales for the repayment therof within two yeares next ensuing â—…ilierse of y e Iâ—…sh nobilitie came this yere into EnglaÌ„d Submission of the Irish nobilitie made their submission to y e K. as in the Irishe Chronicle it is more particularly touched Also warres fell out betwixt England Scotland w t causes wherof as appeareth by a declaration set forth by y e K. of EnglaÌ„d at this present in effect were these The causes of the warres betwixt England and Scotland First there were diuers of y e Englishe rebels such as had moued y e coÌ„motion in y e north Lincolnshire fled into Scotland there maintained although request had bene made y t they might be deliuered yet it would not be grauÌ„ted Moreouer where the King of Scottes had promised to repayre vnto Yorke the lost yeare and there to meete his vncle the King of Englande wherevpon the king of Englande to his great charges had made preparation for their meeting there the same was not onely disappoynted but also at the kings being at Yorke in here thereof an inuasion was made by the Scots as it were in contempt and despite of the king of Englande who notwithstanding imputing the default of meeting to the aduise of his Nephewes counsell and the inuasion to the lewdnesse of his subiectes was contented to gyue courteous audience vnto such Ambassadors as the same king of Scottes sent into Englande which came to the king at Christmas last and with many sweete and pleasant wordes excused that that was done amysse and sought to persuade kyndenesse and perfect amitie in tyme to came And for the better accomplishment thereof they offered to sende Commissioners to the borders there to determine the debate betwixte them of the confines if it woulde please the king likewise to sende Commissioners for his parte which to doe he graciously condiscended desirous to make triall of his nephewe in some correspondence of deedes to the fayre and pleasant messages in wordes which he had receiued from him Herevpon Commissioners were sent from eyther king the which mette and talked but where the Englishmenne chalenged a peece of grounde vndoubtedly vsurped by the Scottes being for the same shewed such euidence as more substantial The wilfull obstinatenesse of the Scottish coÌ„missioners or more autentike can not be brought forth for anye grounde within the Realme the same was neuerthelesse by the Scottes denyed and reiected only for that it was made as they alledged by Englishmen and yet was it so ancient as it coulde not be counterfeited now and the value of the grounde so little and of so small weyght as no man woulde attempt to falsifie a wryting for such a matter But yet this deniall notwithstanding the Englysh Commissioners departed from the Scottishe Commissioners as frendes taking order as hath bene accustomed for good rule vpon the borders in the meane time to be obserued After their departure the Lorde Maxwell warden of the west marches in Scotland made proclamation in deede for good rule to be kept But neuerthelesse added therewith that the borderers of Scotlande shoulde withdrawe their goodes from the borders of England and incontinently after the ScottishmeÌ„ borderers the iiij of Iuly entred into England sodenly and spoyled the Kings subiects contrarie to the league and euen after the playne maner of war Wherevpon the King of Englande greatly maruayling was driuen to furnishe his borders with a garrison for defence of the same Then was Iames Leirmouth Maister of the Scottishe kings housholde sent into Englande with letters deuysed in the best maner Iames Leirmouth offering a good redresse of all attemptes and yet neuerthelesse at the entrie of the sayde Leirmouth into Englande a great number of Scottes then not looked for made a roade into
of our part wee haue our selues caused and as God shall ayde strength vs shall cause oure right and tytle in this behalfe to be published and proclaymed accordingly And albeit this so weyghtie a matter seemeth straunge that the dying of oure sayde brother vppon Thursdaye at night last past wee hitherto had no knoweledge from you thereof yet wee consider youre wisedomes and prudence to be such that hauing estsoones amongst you debated pondered and well weyghed this present case with our estate with your owne estate the Common wealth and all our honours wee shall and maye conceyue great hope and trust with muche assurance in your loyaltie seruice and therefore for the time interprete and take things not to the worst and that ye yet will lyke noble men worke the best Neuerthelesse wee are not ignoraunt of your consultations to vndoe the prouisions made for our preferrement nor of the great bandes and prouisions forcible wherevnto ye be assembled and prepared by whom and to what ende God and you knowe and nature can feare some euill But bee it that some consideration politicke or whatsoeuer thing else hath moued you thereto yet doubt you not my Lordes but wee can take all these your doings in gracious part being also right readie to remitte and fullye pardon the same with that freelye to eschewe bloudshedde and vengeaunce against all those that can or will intende the same trusting also assuredly you will take and accepte this grace and vertue in good part as appertayneth and that wee shall not be inforced to vse this seruice of other oure true subiectes and frendes whiche in this oure iust and rightfull case God in whome oure whole affiaunce is shall sende vs. Wherefore my Lordes we require you and charge you and euerye of you that euerye of you of youre allegiaunce whiche you owe to God and vs and to none other for oure honoure and the suretie of oure Realme onelye employe yourselues and forthwith vpon receypie hereof cause our righte and tytle to the Crowne and gouernemente of thys Realme to bee proclaymed in oure Citie of London and suche other places as to youre wisedomes shall seeme good and as to this case appertayneth not fayling hereof as our verie trust is in you and thus our letter signed with our owne hande shal be your sufficient warrant in this behalfe Yâ—…uen vnder our signe that one manour of Keningall the ix of Iuly 〈◊〉 To this letter of the Ladie Marie the Lordes of the Counsayle answered agayne as followeth Madame wee haue receyued your letters the 〈◊〉 is instant declaring your supposed into â—…don iudge your selfe to haue to the Imperiall Crowne of this Realme and all the Durmuned is thereto belonging For aunswere whereof this is to aduertise you that forasmuch as our Soueraigne Ladie Queene Iane is after the death of our Souereygne Lorde Edwarde the sixth a Prince of most noble memory inuested and possessed with the iust and right tyme nothe Imperiall Crowne of this Realme not only by good order of old ancient good lawes of this Realme but also by our late soueraigne Lordes letters patentes signed with his owne hande and sealed with the great seale of Englande in presence of the moste part of the Nobles Counsaylours Iudges with diuerse other graue and sage personages assenting and subserâ—…bing to the same Wee must therefore as of most bonnde dutie and allegiaunce assent vnto hir sayde Grace and to none other except we shoulde whiche faithfull subiectes cannot fall into grieuous and vnspeakeable enormities wherefore wee can no lesse doe but for the quiet both of the Realme you also to aduertise you that forasmuche as the diuorse made betweene the King of famous memorie King Henrie the eyght and the Ladie Katherine your mother was necessarie to bee had both by the euerlasting lawes of God and also by the Ecclesisticall lawes and by the most parte of the noble and learned Vniuersities of Christendome and confirmed also by the sundrie actes of Parliaments remayning yet in their force and thereby you iustly made illegitimate and vnheritable to the Crowne Imperiall of thys Realme and the Rules Dominions and possessions of the same you wil vpoÌ„ iust consideration herof of diuers other causes lawfull to be alledged for the same and for the iust inheritance of the right lyne and godly orders taken by the late King our Soueraigne Lorde King Edwarde the sixth and agreed vpon by the Nobles and greatest personages aforesayde surcease by any pretence to vexe and molest any of our sonereygne Ladie Queene Iane hir subiects from the true sayth and allegiance due vnto his Grace assuring you that if you will for respecte the way oure selfe quiet and obedient as you ouâ—… you shall finde vs all and seuerall readie to doe you any seruice that we with dutie maye and to be gladde of your quietnesse to preserue the common state of this Realme wherin you may be otherwise grieuous vnto vs to your selfe and to them And thus we byd you most hartilye well to face From the tower of London this ix of Iuly Your Ladyshippes frendes shewing your selfe an obedient subiect Thomas Canterburie The Marques of Winchester Iohn Bedforde Willyam Northampton Thomas Ely Chauncelour Iohn Northumberlande Henrie Suffolke Henrie Arundell Frauncis Shrewesburie Willyam Penbroke Cobham R. Riche Huntington Darcie Cheyney R. Cotton Iohn Gates Willyam Peter Willyam Cecill Iohn Cheeke Iohn Mason Edwarde North. Robert Bowes All these aforesayde except onely the Duke of Northumberlande and sir Iohn Gates were eyther by speciall fauour or speciall or generall pardon discharged for this offence against hir committed after hir comming to bee Queene But nowe vpon the receyt of this aunswere vnderstanding by hir frendes that she coulde not lye in suretie at Kenningall being a place open and easie to bee approched remoued from thence vnto hir Castell of Fremingham standing in a woode countrie and not so easie to be inuaded by hir enimies So soone as the Counsell hearde of hir sodain departure coÌ„sidering that all came not to passe as they supposed They caused speedily a power of men to be gathered togither And first they agreed that the Duke of Suffolke father to the newe made Quene should haue the conduction and leading of the armie But afterwardes vppon further considerations it was deuised that the Duke of Northumberlande shoulde haue the charge of this greate enterprise whiche Duke hauing Commission from the whole counsaile and his warrant vnder the brode seale of England The Duke of Northumberlande sent against the Ladie Marie without mistrust of that which after fortuned tooke in hande that vnhappie voyage to his owne destruction as in the hystorie of Queene Marie shall appeare so that setting apart the feare of all perils whiche in other lesse cases he neuer vsed when all things were in a readinesse he being accompanied with no small number of Lordes and Gentlemen set forwarde on his iourney hauing notwithstanding hys times prescribed
declaration of treasons and none other Here may you see this Statute doth referre all the offences aforesayde to the Statute of the xxv of Edw. iij. whiche statute hath these wordes touching and concerning the treasons that I am indited and arreigned of that is to saye Whosoeuer with compasse or imagine the death of the king or leuie warre against the king in his realme or being adherent to the kings enimies within this Realme or elsewhere and bee thereof probably attainted by open deede by people of their condicion shall be adiudged a traytor Now I praye you of my Iurie whiche haue my lyfe in triall note well what things at this daye bee treasons and howe these treasons must be tried and decerned that is to saye by open deede which the lawes doth at some time terme ouert acte and nowe I aske notwithstanding my inditement which is but matter alledged where doth appeare the open deede of any compassing or imagining the Quenes death or where doth appeare any open deede of being adherent to the Queenes enimies giuing to them ayde and comfort or where doth appeare any open deede of taking the tower of London Bromley Why doe not you of the Queenes learned Counsell aunswere him Me thinke Throckmorton you neede not to haue the statutes for you haue them meetely perfectly Stanforde You are deceyued to conclude all treasons in the statute of the xxv yeare of Edwarde the thirde for that statute is but a declaration of certaine treasons whiche were treasons before at the Common lawe Euen so there doth remayne diuerse other treasons at this day at the Common lawe which be expressed by that statute as the Iudges can declare Neuerthelesse there is matter sufficient alledged and proued against you to bring you within the compasse of the same Statute Throckmor I praye you expresse those matters that bring me within the compasse of the statute of Edwarde the thirde For the wordes be these And be thereof attainted by open deede by people of like condicion Bromley Throckmorton you deceyue your selfe and mistake these wordes by people of their condicion For thereby the lawe doth vnderstande the discouering of your treasons As for example Wiat and the other rebelles attainted for their great treasons already declare you to be his and their adherent in as much as diuerse and sundrie times you had conference with him and them aboute the treason so as Wiat is now one of your condicion who as all the worlde knoweth hath committed an open trayterous fact Throckmor By your leaue my Lorde this is a verye straunge and singular vnderstanding For I suppose the meaning of the Lawe makers did vnderstande these wordes By people of their condicion of the state and condicion of those persons whiche shoulde bee on the Inquest to trie the partie arreygned guiltie or not guiltie and nothing to the bewraying of the offence by another mans act as you say for what haue I to doe with Wiats actes that was not nigh him by one hundreth myles Thattorney Will you take vppon you to skill better of the lawe than the Iudges I doubt not but you of the Iurie will credite as it becommeth you Cholmley Concerning the true vnderstanding of these words By people of their condicion my Lord chiefe Iustice here hath declared the truth for Wiat was one of your condicion that is to say of your conspiracie Hare You doe not denie Throckmorton but that there hath bene conference and sending betweene Wiat and you and he and Winter dothe confesse the same with others so as it is playne Wiat may well be called one of youre condicion Throckmor Well seeing you my Iudges rule the vnderstanding of these wordes in the Statute By people of your condicion thus straungelye against mee I will not stande longer vppon them But where dothe appeare in mee an open deede wherevnto the treason is speciallye referred Bromley If thre or foure do talke deuise and conspire togither of a trayterous acte to be done and afterwards one of them doth commit treason as Wiat did then the lawe doth repute them and euerye of them as their actes so as Wiats actes doe implie and argue your open deede and so the lawe doth terme it and take it Throckmor These be marueylous expositions and wonderfull implications that another mans acte whereof I was not priuie shoulde be accounted myne for Wiat did purge me that I knew nothing of his stirre Hare Yea sir but you were a principall procurer and contriuer of Wiats rebellion thoughe you were not with him when he made the stirre And as my Lord here hath sayd the law always doth adiudge him a traytor which was priuie doth procure treason or any other man to committe treason or a trayterous acte as you did Wiat and others for so the ouert acte of those whiche did it by your procurement shall in this case be accounted your open deede We haue a commō case in the lawe if one by procurement shoulde disseyse you of your lande the lawe holdeth vs both wrong doers and giueth remedie as well against the one as the other Throckmor For Gods sake applie not such constructions against me though my present estate doth not moue you yet it were well you shoulde consider your office and thinke what measure you giue to others you your selues I say shall assuredly receyue the same agayne The state of mortall life is such y t men know full little what hangeth ouer them I put on within this xij monethes such a minde that I moste wofull wight was as vnlyke to stande here as some of you that sit there As to your case last recited whereby you woulde conclude I haue remembred and learned of you master Hare and you master Stanforde in the Parliament house where you did sit to make lawes to expounde and explane the ambiguities and doubtes of lawe sincerely and that without affections There I say I learned of you and others my maisters of the lawe this difference betwixt such cases as you remembred one euen nowe and the statute whereby I am to be tried There is a maxime or principle in the lawe which ought not to bee violated that no penall statute may ought or shoulde be construed expounded extended or wrested otherwise than the simple wordes and nude letter of the same statute doth warrant and signifie And amongst diuers good and notable reasons by you there in the Parliament house debated maister sergeant Stanford I noted this one why y e said maxime ought to be inuiolable you said considering the priuate affections manye tymes both of Princes ministers within this realme for that they were men and woulde and coulde erre it shoulde be no securitie but very daungerous to the subiect to referre the construction and extending of penall statutes to anye Iudges equitie as you termed it which might eyther by feare of the higher powers be seduced or by ignoraunce and follye abused And that is an aunswere by procurement
talke as this prisoner is suffered some of vs will come no more at the barre and we be thus handled Bromley Throckmorton you must suffer the Quenes learned Counsell to speake or else we must take order with you you haue had leaue to talke at your pleasure Hare It is proued that you did talke with Wiat against the comming of the Spanyardes and deuised to interrupt their arriuall and you promised to doe what you coulde against them wherevpon Wiat being encouraged by you did leuie a force and attempted warre against the Queenes royall person Throckmor It was no treason nor no procurement of treason to talke agaynste the comming hyther of the Spanyardes neyther it was treason for mee to saye I woulde hynder their commyng hither as muche as I coulde vnderstanding me rightly as I meant it yea though you would extende it to the worste it was but words it was not treson at this day as the law standeth and as for Wiats doing they touche me nothing for at his death when it was no tyme to report vntruly he purged me Bromley By sundrye cases remembred heere by the Queenes learned counsell as you haue hearde that procurement which did appeare no otherwyse but by words and those you would make nothing hath bin of long tyme and by sundry well learned men in the Lawes adiudged treason And therefore youre procurement beeing so euidente as it is we may lawfully say it was treason bycause Wiat perfourmed a trayterous acte Throckmor As to the said alledged forepresidents against me I haue recited as many for me I would you my L. chief iustice shuld incline your iudgements rather after the exāple of your honorable predecessors Iustice Markā and others which did eschewe corrupte iudgementes iudging directly and sincerely after the Law and the principles in the same than after such men as swaruing from the truth the maxime and the Law did iudge corruptely maliciously and affectionately Bromley Iustice Markham had reson to warrant his doings for it did appeare a merchant of London was arraigned and slaunderously accused of treason for compassing imagining y e kings death he did say he would make his sonne heire of the Crowne and the merchant meant it of a house in Cheapeside at the signe of the Crowne but your case is not so Throckmor My case doeth differ I graunt but specially bicause I haue not suche a Iudge yet there is an other cause to restrain these your strange and extraordinarie constructions That is to say a Prouiso in the latter ende of the statute of Edwarde the thirde hauyng these wordes Prouided alwayes if anye other case of supposed Treason shall chaunce heereafter to come in question or triall before any iustice other than is in the sayd statute expressed that then the Iustice shall forbeare to adiudge the sayd case vntill it be shewed to the Parliament to trie whether it should be treason or felonie Here you are restrained by expresse wordes to adiudge any case that is not manifestly mentioned before vntill it be shewed to the Parliament ◅rtman That Prouiso is vnderstande of cases that may come in trial which hath bin in vre but the law hath always taken the procurer to be a principall offender ◅ders The lawe alwayes in cases of treason dothe accoumpte all principalles and no accessaries as in other offences and therfore a man offending in treason eyther by couert acte or procurement whervpon an open deede hath ensued as in this case is adiudged by the lawe a principall traytoure Throckmor You adiudge mee thinke procurement very hardly besydes the principall and besides the good Prouiso and besydes the good example of your best and moste godly learned predecessors the Iudges of the Realme as I haue partely declared and notwithstandyng thys grieuous racking and extending of this worde Procurement I am not in the daunger of it for it doth appere by no deposition that I procured neyther one or other to attempt any acte Stanforde The Iurie haue to trye whether it bee so or no let it weygh as it will Hare I knowe no meane so apparant to try Procurement as by words and that meane is probable ynoughe agaynst you as well by youre owne confession as by other mennes Depositions Throckmor To talke of the Queenes maryage with the Prince of Spayne and also the commyng hyther of the Spanyardes is not to procure treason to be done for then the whole Parliament house I meane the common house didde procure treason But since you wyll make no difference betwixte wordes and actes I praye you remember an Estatute made in my late Soueraigne Lorde and maisters tyme Kyng Edward the sixth whiche apparantly expresseth the difference These bee the woordes Who so euer dothe compasse or imagine to depose the Kyng of his Royall estate by open preaching expresse wordes or sayings shall for the fyrst offence lose and forfayte to the king all his their goodes and cattailes and also shal suffer imprisonmente of their bodyes at the Kings will and pleasure Whosoeuer c. for the second offence shall lose and forfayte to the Kyng the whole issues and profytes of all his or their landes tenementes and other hereditamentes benefices Prebendes and other Spirituall promotions Who soeuer c. for the thirde offence shall for terme or lyfe or lyues of suche offendour or offendors c. and shall also forfeite to the Kyngs Maiestie all his or their goodes and cattailes suffer during his or their liues perpetuall imprisonement of his or their bodies But whosoeuer c. by writing ciphering or acte shall for the firste offence be adiudged a traitour and suffer the paines of deathe Here you may perceiue howe the whole realme and all your iudgementes hathe beefore this vnderstande wordes and actes diuerslye and apparantlye And therefore the Iudgementes of the Parliamente did assigne diuersitie of punishmentes bicause they woulde not confounde the true vnderstanding of wordes and deedes appointing for compassing and imagining by worde imprisonment and for compassing and imagining by open deede paines of death Bromley It is agreed by the whole bench that the procurer and the adherent be deemed alwayes traytors when as a trayterous acte was committed by anye one of the same conspiracie and there is apparant proofe of youre adhering to Wiat both by your owne confession and other wayes Throckmor Adhering and procuring bee not all one for the statute of Edwarde the thirde doth speake of adhering but not of procuring and yet adhering ought not be further extended than to the Quenes enimies within hir Realme for so the statute doth limit the vnderstanding And Wiat was not the Queenes enimie for hee was not so reputed when I talked with him last and our speach implyed no enmitie neyther tended to anye treason or procuring of treason and therefore I pray you of the Iurie note thoughe I argue the lawe I alledge my innocencie as the best part of my defence Hare Your adhering
Laurence Humfrey Dauid Whitehead Iohn Bale Iohn Dee Anthony Gylbie Chrystopher Goodman William Whittingham Roger Askam Iohn Martine Barthelmew Clarke George Ackworth Iohn Caius an excellent Phisition who founded Caius colledge in Cambridge or rather by augmenting a hall called Gunhill hall by a seconde foundation named it Gunhill and Caius colledge Thomas North. Iohn Marbecke Edmond Becke Iohn Pullen Thomas Phaer Roger Hutchinson Thomas Gibson George Constantine Richarde Cockes Iames Calfhill Iohn Willocke Thomas Cartwright Abraham Hartwell Robert Crowley Iohn Gough Fecknam Laurence Tomson Andrew Kingsmill Iohn Barthlet Iohn Harding Edward Craddocke Thomas Sampson Saunders Thomas Leuer William Fulke Thomas Hill Edward Deering Iohn Brydges Iohn Veron Iohn More Daniell Rogers Michaell Rineger Peter Morwing Iohn Northbrooke Anthony Anderson Chrystopher Carlill Thomas Palfryman Steuen Bateman Thomas Doleman Iohn Wolton William Whitaker Robert Watson Humfrey Llhuid Lewes Euans Iohn Yong. Iohn Mardley Iohn Plough Philip Nicols Iohn Iosselin Arthur Golding Edmond Campion William Harison Richard Stanihurst Richard Grafton Iohn Stowe Alexander Neuill Barnabe Googe William Pattin William Baldwin George Ferrers Arthur Brooke William Barker Leonard Digges Thomas Digges WilliaÌ„ Cunningham William Painter Lodowike Llhuid Richard Raynolds Iohn Raynolds Nicholas Whitalke Iohn Vowell alias Hooket Thomas Harman Vlpian Fulwell Iames Sandford Geffrey FeÌ„ton Thomas Twine Thomas Hedley William Salisbury Iohn Barret Iohn Procter Richard Candish Thomas Nicols Robert Greene. Raphe Leuer Edward Grant Iohn Heywood Thomas Drant Nicholas Allen Essentian Thomas Tim. Thomas Lusser Thomas Hill William Borne Leonarde Maskall Thomas Blondeuill Richarde Eden Edwarde Hake Otuell Holinshed Iohn Barston Iohn Harte alias Chester Heralde Iohn Shute Captaine Richarde Willies George Gascon George Turberuill Thomas Churchyarde Thomas Brice George Whetstone Nicholas Carre Iohn Higgins Edmund Bunny Iohn Barnarde Thomas Newton Meridith Hanmer Iohn Dauys Thomas Vnderdowne Richard Robinson William Wolley Barnabe Garter Abraham Flemming Reginalde Scot. Thomas Stockir Henry Dethike Iohn Boswell William Beuerley Humfrey Baker Dionyse Graye Thomas Bishop George Pettie Thomas Gale Iohn Hall Iohn Studley Edmund Tilney I Haue here Gentle Reader disorderedly set downe these names for want of due knowledge how to place them according to their degrees callings or worthinesse eueÌ„ as they came to memory Although I allowe not of the wrytings of euery of them yet bicause I haue vndertaken in the former order of my Booke to Enregister the writers in eche age indifferently I must of force so ende and leaue the iudgement of their writings to the discrete Readers I know there are others that haue written very well but haue suppressed their names and therfore cannot blame me though they be not here enregistred I wishe suche to go forewarde in well doing and to remember that vertue cannot alwayes be hidden but in time their names wil be remembred among the best that those that are vertuously giuen may by their worthy prayse be encouraged to follow their steppes and indeuour themselues according to duety to aduaunce learning and necessary knowledge in their countrey FINIS A Table seruing vnto both parts of the Chronicles of England wherein for thy better instruction gentle Reader thou shalt vnderstand that the first number signifyeth the page and the second number the line of the page which in some places thou shalt finde diuided into the lynes of the Columes and in some other to followe the number of the whole lynes of the page some pages are by ouersight escaped faultie which it may please thee to correct and so vse it to thy profite AAron and Iulius martyred for y e faith of Christ 88.32 Aaron a Iew payd to Henry the thyrde thirtie thousand markes 722.90 Abell hanged for the supremacie 1580.40 Aborigines what they signifie 6.101 Aborigines that there are any conâ—…uted 5.65 Abbot of Westminster conspireth against Henry y e .4 pag. 1 〈◊〉 col 1. lin 5. dyeth sodainly pa. 1129. col 1 li. 39 Abbey of Peterburgh Crowland spoyled by King Iohn 604.73 Abbeyes and religious houses founded by King Iohn 606.45 Abbot of Saint Albons payeth foure score markes to Lewes in y e name of homage 610.9 Abbey of Lucresse coÌ„moÌ„ly called delacresse built by Radulen Erle of Chester 618.12 Abbots and Priours depriued by Archbyshop Anselme and why 340.30 Abbot of Westminster William deposed for wasting the reuenues of the house and for inconstancie 582.90 Abbots bishops of Englande not the Ministers of God but of the diuell 279.115 Abbot of Hales hanged pag. 1154. col 1. line 2. Abbeyes searched and spoyled by King William 304.43 Abbeyes destroyed within the lymites of Mercia 235.81 Abbey Church of Batteil dedicated to S. Martin 325.36 Abbay of Amphibalus in Winchester 109.6 Abbeyes let out to ferme 333.59 Abingdon battaile fought betweene the Englishmen and Danes with equall victorie 213.33 Abingdon battaile one of the forest foughten fieldes that had bin hearde of in those dayes 213.31 Abingdon abbey buylded and restored 230.54 Abingdon Abbey finished and set in good order 234.7 Aburgalieny Lord committed to the tower 1510.27 confesseth misprison of treason 1519.45 Abuses of the .124 gouernours of England 752.6 Aburgenny Lord distresseth the Kentishe rebels 1725.20 Alcluid Citie 194.62 Abirnethi and the peace there concluded 307.68 Abuse in men too shamefull for wearing loÌ„g haires 364.53 Absolon a Monke of Canterburie 382.97 Acca succeedeth Wilfride in the Bishoprick of HexaÌ„ 190 91. Act against fishemoÌ„gers 1040 10. b. repealed 1042.23 a. Alcluid Citie destroyed by the Danes 211.54 Achikelmeslawe spoyled by the Danes 244.36 Acca daughter to Alla sister to Edwine 155.76 Acce of land how many pearches it conteineth 312.101 Achelnotus Archbyshop of CaÌ„torbury 262.115 Adelstan Byshop of Shirebourne 206.57 Adelstane putteth his Cupbearer to death for accusing Edwyn the kinges brother 226.9 Adelstane leadeth an armie against Aulafe lying nyghe Humber 226.24 Adelstane subdueth Northumberland and ioyneth it to his kingdome 224.51 Adelstane sonne to King Edward fleeth the Realme 224.82 Adelstane leadeth an armie against the Scottes welchmen 225.20 Adelstane inuadeth Scotland with an armie and wasteth it 225.67 Adelstane offreth his knife to Saint Iohn of Beuerly and redeemeth it with a large price 225.64 Adelstane repenteth him sore of his rigor towards his brother Edwyn 225.112 Adelstane Byshop of Shyreburne departeth this lyfe 209.72 Adelstans swoorde restored to the sâ—â—bbard by myracle â—…26 68 Adelstane departeth out of this world 226.106 Adelstane eldest sonne to King Edward beginneth hys raygne ouer the most part of England 223.104 Adelstane crowned kyng at Kingstone vppon Thames 224.7 Adelstane somtime called Gurthrun the Dane made King of Eastangle 214.96 Adrian Abbot departeth thys lyfe 190.116 Adrian an Italian sent ambassador into Scotland is made bishop of Hereford and afterward of Welles and Cardinal 1436.30 restoreth good letters ibidem Adrian Pope sendeth Legates into England 198.63 Adulf Byshop of Myeth 199.3 Adelbert succeedeth Egbert in the Archbishopricke of York 199.25 Adrian sent into England with Archbishop Theodore 178.38 Adrian stayed