for_o two_o year_n during_o which_o time_n the_o mariner_n of_o the_o west_n proffer_v the_o parliament_n to_o make_v a_o army_n on_o the_o sea_n provide_v always_o that_o the_o money_n thereof_o come_v be_v whole_o employ_v for_o the_o keep_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o no_o part_n elsewhere_o the_o receiver_n and_o keeper_n whereof_o be_v appoint_v likewise_o that_o the_o people_n keep_v of_o the_o sea_n army_n shall_v have_v all_o the_o lawful_a prize_n share_v among_o they_o and_o that_o the_o admiral_n and_o other_o of_o the_o say_a army_n shall_v give_v assurance_n to_o save_v the_o king_n friend_n and_o ally_n without_o danger_n to_o be_v do_v to_o they_o or_o any_o of_o they_o by_o any_o mean_n which_o if_o they_o do_v and_o it_o be_v prove_v they_o shall_v put_v they_o in_o grievous_a pain_n to_o make_v amends_o 4._o ed._n 4._o 12._o ed._n 4._o cap._n 3._o the_o commons_o of_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n grant_v a_o subsidy_n to_o the_o king_n call_v tonnage_n during_o his_o life_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o especial_o for_o the_o safeguard_n of_o the_o sea_n they_o be_v the_o word_n of_o the_o say_a act_n repeat_v which_o act_n be_v continue_v and_o revive_v 40._o h._n 8._o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n 6._o h._n 8._o cap._n 14._o which_o grant_v he_o tonnage_n and_o poundage_n all_o his_o life_n 1._o ed._n 6._o cap._n 1._o 3._o mar._n cap._n 18._o 1._o eliz._n cap._n 20._o for_o the_o grant_n of_o tunnage_n and_o poundage_n all_o several_o recite_v h._n 8._o and_o h._n 7._o have_v have_v grant_v to_o they_o be_v prince_n and_o their_o noble_a progenitor_n king_n of_o england_n for_o time_n be_v by_o common_a assent_n of_o parliament_n for_o defence_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o the_o keep_n and_o safeguard_n of_o the_o sea_n for_o the_o intercourse_n of_o merchandise_n safe_o to_o come_v in_o and_o pass_v out_o of_o the_o realm_n certain_a sum_n of_o money_n name_v subsidy_n of_o all_o manner_n of_o good_n or_o merchandise_n come_v into_o or_o grow_v out_o of_o the_o realm_n the_o word_n of_o the_o forename_a act_n be_v these_o first_o for_o asmuch_o as_o we_o the_o poor_a commons_o etc._n etc._n now_o we_o your_o poor_a commons_o wish_v that_o such_o furniture_n of_o all_o thing_n may_v be_v have_v in_o readiness_n for_o time_n to_o come_v when_o necessity_n shall_v require_v for_o the_o speedy_a and_o undelayed_a provision_n and_o help_v of_o the_o suppress_n of_o such_o inconvenience_n and_o invasion_n humble_o desire_v of_o your_o most_o excellent_a majesty_n love_o and_o favourable_o to_o take_v and_o accept_v and_o receive_v their_o poor_a grant_n hereafter_o ensue_v as_o grant_v of_o true_a heart_n and_o good_a will_n which_o we_o bear_v to_o your_o highness_n towards_o the_o great_a cost_n charge_n and_o expense_n which_o may_v be_v lay_v out_o by_o your_o majesty_n for_o the_o cause_n beforesaid_a when_o need_n shall_v require_v second_o no_o dime_n quadrism_n or_o grand_a custom_n and_o such_o like_a aid_n can_v be_v impose_v the_o act_n of_o tunnage_n and_o poundage_n 1_o iac._n cap._n 33._o which_o grant_n this_o subsidy_n to_o your_o majesty_n royal_a father_n during_o his_o life_n make_v the_o same_o recital_n word_n for_o word_n if_o then_o the_o subsidy_n of_o tunnage_n and_o poundage_n have_v be_v already_o grant_v as_o a_o tax_n upon_o his_o subject_n for_o guard_v of_o the_o sea_n both_o against_o enemy_n and_o pirate_n by_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o not_o otherwise_o and_o all_o your_o royal_a progenitor_n have_v accept_v of_o it_o in_o this_o manner_n by_o a_o grant_n in_o parliament_n and_o not_o impose_v any_o such_o annual_a tax_n as_o now_o by_o writ_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o sea_n by_o your_o prerogative_n royal_a we_o humble_o conceive_v that_o your_o majesty_n can_v now_o impose_v it_o upon_o by_o law_n rather_o because_o your_o majesty_n ever_o since_o your_o come_n to_o the_o crown_n have_v take_v and_o receive_v this_o tonnage_n and_o poundage_n and_o still_o take_v it_o and_o claim_v it_o for_o a_o defence_n only_o of_o the_o sea_n profess_v in_o your_o royal_a declaration_n to_o all_o your_o love_a subject_n by_o your_o special_a command_n a._n 7._o pag._n 44._o that_o you_o take_v this_o duty_n of_o five_o in_o the_o hundred_o for_o guard_v of_o the_o sea_n and_o defence_n of_o the_o realm_n to_o which_o you_o hold_v yourself_o still_o charge_v as_o you_o declare_v now_o since_o your_o majesty_n receive_v this_o duty_n at_o your_o subject_n hand_n to_o this_o very_a end_n and_o purpose_n the_o moiety_n of_o which_o be_v abundant_o sufficient_a to_o defend_v the_o sea_n in_o these_o day_n of_o peace_n with_o all_o neighbour_n prince_n and_o nation_n and_o by_o reason_n whereof_o you_o hold_v yourself_o still_o oblige_v to_o it_o we_o humble_o conceive_v you_o can_v in_o point_n of_o law_n and_o justice_n neither_o will_v you_o in_o point_n of_o honour_n and_o conscience_n receive_v the_o say_a duty_n sufficient_a with_o a_o overplus_n to_o defend_v the_o sea_n and_o yet_o impose_v this_o heavy_a tax_n and_o burden_n upon_o your_o subject_n and_o lay_v the_o whole_a charge_n of_o guard_v the_o sea_n in_o these_o day_n of_o peace_n on_o they_o as_o if_o no_o tonnage_n or_o poundage_n be_v take_v for_o that_o purpose_n which_o none_o of_o your_o royal_a progenitor_n ever_o yet_o do_v four_o against_o most_o of_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n for_o the_o several_a subsidy_n of_o the_o clergy_n and_o commonalty_n in_o all_o your_o royal_a progenitor_n reign_n and_o your_o own_o too_o who_o when_o the_o annual_a revenue_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o your_o custom_n and_o subsidy_n grant_v they_o for_o the_o guard_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o sea_n by_o reason_n of_o open_a war_n aforesaid_a and_o defensive_a or_o both_o be_v not_o able_a to_o supply_v and_o defray_v the_o extraordinary_a expense_n never_o resort_v to_o such_o writ_n as_o these_o for_o the_o levy_n of_o ship-money_n especial_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n but_o ever_o to_o the_o parliament_n to_o supply_v for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o realm_n by_o grant_n of_o subsidy_n imposition_n dime_n quadrism_n rate_v and_o tax_v by_o parliament_n and_o not_o by_o your_o own_o authority_n royal_a that_o be_v evident_a by_o all_o the_o act_n of_o subsidy_n tax_n aid_n and_o custom_n grant_v by_o your_o royal_a progenitor_n and_o especial_o by_o the_o 14._o e._n 3._o cap._n 21._o stat._n 2._o 15._o e._n 3._o stat._n 3._o cap._n 1._o 23._o 18._o ed._n 3._o stat._n 2._o pron._n stat._n cap._n 1._o 25._o e._n 3._o stat._n 7._o 36._o e._n 3._o cap._n 14._o 11._o rich._n 2._o 9_o h._n 4._o cap._n 7._o 11._o h._n 4._o cap._n 10._o 32._o h._n 8._o cap._n 23._o 37._o h._n 8._o cap._n 24._o 2._o and_o 3._o e._n 6._o cap._n 35._o 36._o 1._o ed._n 6._o 6._o 12._o e._n 5._o p._n and_o m._n cap._n 10._o 11._o 5._o ed._n 6._o cap._n 29._o 13._o ed._n 3._o 27._o 28._o 17._o eliz._n 22._o 23._o 23._o eliz._n cap._n 14._o 15._o 27._o eliz._n cap._n 28._o 29._o 29._o eliz._n cap._n 7._o 8._o 31._o eliz._n 14._o 15._o 35._o eliz._n cap._n 12._o 13._o 39_o eliz._n cap._n 26._o 27._o 43._o eliz._n cap._n 17._o 18._o 3._o jac._n 26._o 21._o jac._n cap._n 33._o 1._o car._n cap._n 5._o 6._o and_o 3._o car._n cap._n 6._o 7._o express_o recite_v the_o aid_n and_o subsidy_n therein_o grant_v be_v for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o kingdom_n by_o sea_n and_o land_n the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o navy_n and_o so_o forth_o if_o now_o these_o prince_n that_o will_v part_v with_o no_o title_n of_o their_o just_a prerogative_n and_o your_o majesty_n yourself_o have_v from_o time_n to_o time_n resort_v for_o supply_n by_o sea_n and_o land_n to_o parliament_n when_o tunnage_n and_o poundage_n and_o your_o own_o ordinary_a revenue_n will_v not_o suffice_v which_o they_o will_v never_o have_v do_v may_v they_o have_v supply_v themselves_o by_o such_o writ_n of_o ship-money_n as_o these_o be_v we_o humble_o conceive_v it_o to_o be_v against_o the_o common_a law_n and_o that_o your_o majesty_n ought_v to_o run_v the_o same_o course_n again_o and_o may_v not_o by_o your_o prerogative_n impose_v this_o tax_n of_o ship-money_n without_o common_a consent_n in_o parliament_n contrary_a as_o we_o believe_v to_o the_o petition_n of_o right_n confirm_v by_o your_o majesty_n as_o our_o undoubted_a right_n and_o liberty_n and_o as_o the_o tax_n of_o ship-money_n be_v against_o the_o several_a recite_a statute_n so_o we_o humble_o conceive_v it_o to_o be_v against_o the_o very_a common_a law_n and_o law_n book_n first_o by_o the_o common_a law_n every_o several_a duty_n and_o service_n which_o concern_v the_o subject_n in_o general_a or_o great_a part_n of_o they_o that_o be_v uncertain_a and_o
indefinite_a not_o reduce_v to_o any_o positive_a certainty_n aught_o to_o be_v rate_v and_o impose_v by_o a_o parliament_n only_o not_o by_o your_o majesty_n as_o the_o party_n who_o it_o concern_v as_o appear_v by_o two_o notable_a instance_n pertinent_a to_o the_o present_a purpose_n whereof_o the_o first_o be_v that_o of_o tax_n uncertain_a which_o though_o a_o duty_n to_o the_o king_n and_o other_o lord_n heretofore_o upon_o every_o voice_n royal_a against_o the_o scot_n yet_o because_o it_o concern_v so_o many_o it_o can_v not_o be_v tax_v but_o by_o parliament_n litt._n 2._o 97._o 98._o 100_o 102._o f._n n._n b._n 8._o cook_n on_o litt._n sect._n 97._o 101._o 102._o second_o in_o case_n of_o aid_n to_o marry_v the_o king_n or_o lord_n daughter_n and_o to_o make_v his_o son_n a_o knight_n which_o though_o a_o duty_n yet_o tax_v and_o reduce_v to_o a_o certainty_n by_o a_o parliament_n not_o leave_v arbitrary_a 3_o e._n 3._o cap._n 35._o 25._o e._n 3._o stat._n 5._o cap._n 11._o f._n m._n b._n 82._o if_o then_o these_o uncertain_a service_n and_o duty_n to_o avoid_v opposition_n and_o injustice_n aught_o to_o be_v tax_v in_o parliament_n much_o more_o the_o uncertain_a and_o indefinite_a tax_n be_v no_o duty_n nor_o debt_n at_o all_o and_o not_o yet_o prescribe_v or_o reduce_v to_o any_o certainty_n by_o any_o law_n second_o no_o dime_n quadrism_n or_o grand_a custom_n and_o such_o like_a can_v be_v impose_v by_o the_o very_a common_a law_n though_o usual_o subsidy_n and_o supply_n but_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n as_o appear_v by_o all_o they_o in_o fitz_n and_o brookes_n abridgement_n title_n quadrism_n 9_o h._n 6._o 13._o grand_fw-fr cust._n 26._o 4._o e._n 4._o 3._o 4._o 5._o fitz_n bar._n 304._o 14._o e._n 3._o 21._o 26._o e._n 3._o cap._n 11._o 45._o e._n 3._o 4._o 11._o rich._n 2._o 9_o dyer_n 45._o 6._o 165._o therefore_o much_o less_o the_o unusual_a and_o extraordinary_a tax_n of_o ship-money_n amount_v the_o first_o year_n to_o ten_o fifteen_o and_o this_o year_n to_o three_o subsidy_n a_o man_n of_o which_o there_o be_v not_o one_o syllable_n or_o tittle_n in_o any_o of_o our_o law_n book_n three_o no_o law_n can_v be_v make_v within_o the_o realm_n to_o bind_v the_o subject_n either_o to_o the_o loss_n of_o liberty_n good_n or_o member_n by_o your_o majesty_n absolute_a power_n nor_o yet_o by_o your_o majesty_n nor_o the_o lord_n in_o general_a without_o the_o commons_o consent_v in_o full_a parliament_n as_o be_v resolve_v in_o these_o common_a law_n book_n 11._o h._n 6._o 17._o ployd_v 74._o m._n 19_o e._n 3._o fitz_n jurisdict_n 28._o annum_fw-la the_o very_a reason_n why_o act_n of_o parliament_n bind_v all_o be_v because_o every_o man_n be_v party_n and_o consent_n to_o they_o 3._o e._n 4._o 2._o 2._o e._n 4._o 45._o or_o 4._o h._n 11._o 22._o h._n 1._o 5._o ployd_v 59_o and_o 396._o if_o then_o no_o law_n can_v be_v impose_v on_o the_o subject_n but_o such_o as_o be_v make_v and_o consent_v unto_o by_o they_o in_o parliament_n because_o every_o law_n that_o be_v penal_a deprive_v they_o either_o of_o their_o liberty_n person_n by_o imprisonment_n or_o the_o property_n of_o their_o good_n by_o confiscation_n much_o less_o than_o any_o tax_n or_o the_o tax_n for_o ship-money_n for_o the_o which_o their_o good_n shall_v be_v and_o be_v distrein_v the_o person_n imprison_v in_o case_n they_o refuse_v to_o pay_v it_o contrary_a to_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la promise_n stat._n four_o every_o subject_n have_v as_o absolute_a property_n in_o his_o good_n by_o the_o common_a law_n as_o he_o have_v in_o his_o land_n and_o therefore_o as_o your_o majesty_n can_v lawful_o seize_v any_o of_o your_o subject_n land_n unless_o by_o some_o just_a title_n or_o forfeit_n upon_o a_o penal_a law_n or_o condition_n infringe_v or_o by_o the_o party_n voluntary_a consent_n so_o can_v you_o seize_v upon_o his_o good_n unless_o by_o some_o grant_n from_o the_o party_n himself_o either_o mediate_o as_o in_o parliament_n or_o immediate_o for_o some_o debt_n or_o either_o grant_v you_o in_o like_o manner_n therefore_o not_o for_o ship-money_n unless_o grant_v by_o common_a consent_n in_o parliament_n five_o it_o be_v a_o maxim_n in_o all_o law_n civil_a and_o common_a and_o a_o principle_n of_o reason_n and_o nature_n quod_fw-la tangit_fw-la dom_fw-la ab_fw-la omnibus_fw-la debet_fw-la approbari_fw-la regis_fw-la iac._n 11._o 9_o this_o rule_n hold_v in_o all_o natural_a and_o politic_a body_n nothing_o be_v or_o can_v be_v effect_v by_o the_o head_n hand_n or_o foot_n alone_o unless_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o body_n or_o faculty_n of_o the_o soul_n assent_n in_o all_o election_n popular_a where_o there_o be_v diverse_a elector_n there_o must_v either_o be_v a_o general_a consent_n of_o all_o or_o of_o the_o major_a part_n or_o otherwise_o the_o election_n of_o the_o few_o or_o one_o only_o be_v a_o mere_a nullity_n in_o all_o parliament_n college_n synod_n city_n cathedral_n in_o law_n canon_n ordinance_n or_o by_o law_n neither_o levy_n nor_o tax_n can_v be_v impose_v but_o by_o all_o or_o the_o major_a part_n the_o bishop_n or_o the_o dean_n without_o the_o clergy_n the_o major_a without_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o corporation_n the_o abbot_n without_o the_o covent_n the_o master_n of_o the_o college_n without_o the_o fellow_n the_o master_n or_o warden_n of_o company_n without_o the_o assistant_n the_o lord_n of_o the_o parliament_n without_o the_o commons_o nor_o the_o lesser_a part_n without_o the_o consent_n or_o against_o the_o great_a part_n in_o all_o these_o can_v do_v nothing_o either_o to_o bind_v or_o charge_v the_o rest_n by_o the_o common_a or_o civil_a law_n your_o majesty_n therefore_o by_o the_o same_o reason_n be_v but_o a_o member_n of_o the_o body_n politic_a of_o england_n though_o the_o most_o excellent_a and_o supreme_a above_o all_o the_o rest_n can_v impose_v no_o law_n or_o bind_v tax_n on_o your_o subject_n without_o the_o common_a consent_n in_o parliament_n especial_o now_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n when_o a_o parliament_n may_v be_v call_v and_o summon_v to_o help_v these_o six_o if_o your_o majesty_n shall_v grant_v a_o commission_n to_o imprison_v or_o to_o seize_v any_o of_o your_o subject_n good_n without_o any_o indictment_n or_o process_n of_o law_n that_o have_v be_v adjudge_v void_a and_o against_o law_n 42._o h._n 8._o tit._n 5._o br._n commission_n 15._o 16._o therefore_o your_o majesty_n writ_n to_o distrain_v man_n good_n and_o imprison_v their_o person_n or_o body_n for_o ship-money_n must_v be_v so_o too_o and_o as_o your_o majesty_n by_o your_o letter_n can_v alter_v the_o common_a law_n 6._o h._n 4._o 5._o 10._o h._n 4._o 23._o so_o neither_o can_v you_o do_v it_o by_o your_o writ_n 11._o h._n 4._o 91._o br._n prerog._n 15._o 49._o ass_n 37._o h._n 6._o 27._o 3._o h._n 9_o 15._o 18._o ed._n 4._o 76._o 5._o h._n 4._o 21._o ed._n 4._o 79._o book_n pat_o 25._o 52._o 41._o 53._o 69._o 79._o 73._o 100_o descent_n 57_o danegelt_n 9_o fitz-toll_n seaventh_o it_o be_v a_o maxim_n in_o law_n that_o no_o man_n ought_v to_o be_v judge_n in_o his_o own_o case_n and_o therefore_o no_o man_n can_v have_v cognizance_n of_o plea_n where_o himself_o be_v judge_n and_o party_n and_o if_o a_o lord_n of_o a_o manor_n prescribe_v in_o a_o custom_n to_o distrain_v all_o beast_n that_o come_v within_o his_o manor_n damage_n fezant_n and_o to_o detain_v they_o until_o fine_a be_v make_v to_o he_o for_o the_o damage_n at_o his_o will_n this_o prescription_n be_v void_a because_o it_o be_v against_o reason_n that_o he_o be_v judge_n in_o his_o own_o case_n for_o by_o such_o mean_n though_o he_o have_v damage_n but_o to_o the_o value_n but_o of_o old_a he_o may_v asseise_v and_o have_v a_o hundred_o pound_n tit._n 31._o iac._n 2._o 11._o 212._o cau._n ibm_n 3._o e._n 3._o 24._o 4._o e._n 3._o 14._o 10._o e._n 3._o 23._o 28._o e._n 3._o plac._n 20._o h._n 4._o 8._o br._n lett._n 12._o 7._o h._n 6._o 13._o 9_o h._n 6._o 10._o the_o same_o hold_n in_o reason_n concerning_o ship-money_n if_o it_o lay_v in_o your_o majesty_n power_n to_o impose_v what_o sum_n they_o please_v upon_o your_o people_n you_o shall_v be_v judge_n in_o your_o own_o cause_n and_o so_o your_o majesty_n by_o your_o officer_n misinformation_n for_o their_o own_o private_a lucre_n may_v levy_v far_o more_o than_o need_n require_v for_o your_o service_n yea_o so_o much_o and_o so_o often_o as_o will_v soon_o exhaust_v your_o whole_a estate_n which_o be_v against_o both_o reason_n and_o justice_n and_o therefore_o this_o concurrent_a assent_n in_o parliament_n be_v requisite_a that_o no_o more_o be_v demand_v then_o shall_v appear_v to_o be_v necessary_a to_o avoid_v
opposition_n both_o in_o frequency_n of_o the_o opposition_n the_o quantity_n of_o the_o sum_n collect_v and_o the_o undue_a and_o unequal_a tax_v thereof_o eight_o if_o your_o majesty_n by_o your_o absolute_a authority_n may_v impose_v such_o tax_n as_o there_o at_o your_o pleasure_n may_v be_v fulfil_v on_o your_o subject_n you_o may_v do_v it_o as_o often_o and_o raise_v they_o as_o high_a as_o you_o please_v for_o what_o law_n be_v there_o to_o hinder_v you_o from_o it_o but_o that_o which_o deny_v you_o any_o power_n at_o all_o to_o do_v it_o now_o if_o you_o may_v impose_v these_o tax_n as_o often_o and_o raise_v they_o as_o high_a as_o you_o please_v even_o from_o a_o hundred_o to_o two_o hundred_o ship_n every_o year_n aswell_o as_o forty_o or_o fifty_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n and_o distrain_v upon_o all_o your_o subject_n good_n and_o imprison_v their_o body_n for_o it_o than_o all_o their_o good_n land_n and_o liberty_n will_v be_v at_o your_o majesty_n absolute_a 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873._o 1041._o polichronic_a lib._n 1._o cap._n 5._o lib._n 7._o cap._n 15._o 16._o fabian_n part_n 6._o cap._n 194._o 200._o graston_n pa._n 162._o 164._o 165._o master_n speed_n hist._n lib._n 7._o cap._n 44._o sect._n 20._o 14._o 22._o 25._o lib._n 8._o cap._n 2._o sect._n 12._o william_n malmesbury_n de_fw-fr justicia_fw-la regnt_fw-la angl._n lib._n 2._o cap._n 12._o pag._n 76._o 77._o john_n salisbury_n de_fw-fr luctis_fw-la anglie_fw-la lib._n 8._o cap._n 22._o ad_fw-la finem_fw-la spilman_n glossar_fw-la pag._n 199._o 200._o flood_n an._n pa._n 10._o 428._o rastal_n term_n de_fw-la ley_z lit._n danegelt_n minshaws_n dictionary_n title_n danegelt_n selden_n mare_fw-la clausum_fw-la lib._n 2._o cap._n 11._o 15._o impose_v by_o and_o pay_v to_o the_o dane_n themselves_o as_o to_o conquer_a enemy_n by_o way_n of_o composition_n tribute_n to_o the_o which_o the_o king_n himself_o do_v contribute_v as_o well_o as_o the_o subject_n this_o composition_n be_v first_o begin_v by_o pusillamenus_n king_n ethelbert_n by_o ill_a advice_n cretineus_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o other_o noble_n anno_fw-la 991._o this_o tribute_n come_v to_o ten_o thousand_o pound_n anno_fw-la 983._o to_o as_o much_o 986._o to_o 16994._o to_o the_o like_a 102._o to_o fourteen_o thousand_o pound_n anno_fw-la 1607._o to_o 300._o out_o of_o kent_n alone_o anno_fw-la 1012._o to_o twenty_o eight_o thousand_o pound_n anno_fw-la 1014._o so_o matthew_n of_o westminster_n and_o other_o write_v that_o ethelbert_n at_o five_o several_a time_n pay_v the_o dane_n 113000._o pound_n and_o there_o be_v grant_v to_o he_o a_o annual_a tribute_n of_o 48000._o pound_n to_o be_v exact_v of_o all_o the_o people_n which_o proper_o be_v call_v danegelt_n which_o tribute_n be_v exact_v and_o collect_v by_o hardicanute_n who_o officer_n be_v slay_v at_o worcester_n in_o gather_v up_o this_o exonerable_a tribute_n and_o importable_a as_o matthew_n of_o westminster_n and_o malmesbury_n term_v it_o de_fw-la hostibus_fw-la regni_fw-la angl._n lib._n 1._o cap._n 12._o pag._n 76._o 77._o and_o when_o king_n swanus_fw-la the_o dane_n exact_v this_o tribute_n from_o saint_n edmondsbury_n out_o of_o king_n edward_n land_n which_o plead_v exemption_n from_o it_o he_o be_v stab_v to_o death_n with_o king_n edward_n sword_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o his_o noble_n as_o our_o historiographer_n report_v nay_o the_o danegelt_n which_o may_v be_v so_o term_v because_o it_o do_v geld_v much_o and_o pare_v man_n estate_n and_o emasculate_v their_o spirit_n have_v no_o analogy_n with_o this_o tax_n of_o ship-money_n for_o first_o it_o be_v not_o pay_v to_o a_o king_n but_o to_o a_o conquer_a enemy_n second_o it_o be_v pay_v by_o the_o king_n himself_o as_o well_o as_o by_o his_o subject_n and_o that_o not_o as_o a_o debt_n or_o duty_n but_o a_o composition_n or_o tribute_n most_o unjust_o impose_v and_o exact_v by_o a_o usurp_a and_o greedy_a enemy_n three_o it_o be_v exact_v by_o force_n and_o violence_n not_o by_o law_n or_o right_n four_o it_o be_v pay_v by_o the_o joint_a composition_n and_o agreement_n both_o of_o king_n and_o people_n not_o by_o the_o king_n absolute_a power_n that_o be_v evident_a by_o florentinus_n wigorniensis_n and_o mat._n westminster_n anno_fw-la 983._o dane_n omnes_fw-la portus_fw-la regni_fw-la infestantibus_fw-la dum_fw-la nesciretur_fw-la ubi_fw-la eis_fw-la occurri_fw-la deberet_fw-la decretum_fw-la est_fw-la à _fw-la viris_fw-la prudentibus_fw-la ut_fw-la vincerentur_fw-la argento_fw-la qui_fw-la non_fw-la poterant_fw-la ferro_fw-la itaque_fw-la decem_fw-la millia_fw-la librarum_fw-la soluta_fw-la danorum_fw-la avaritiam_fw-la expleverunt_fw-la anno_fw-la 991._o quo_fw-la audito_fw-la datum_fw-la est_fw-la ijs_fw-la tributum_fw-la decem_fw-la millia_fw-la librarum_fw-la per_fw-la consilium_fw-la syricii_fw-la cantuariensis_n archiepiscopi_fw-la and_o aliorum_fw-la nobilium_fw-la regni_fw-la ut_fw-la a_fw-la crebis_fw-la rapinis_fw-la cremationibus_fw-la et_fw-la hominum_fw-la caedibus_fw-la quae_fw-la circa_fw-la maritima_fw-la agebant_fw-la cessarent_fw-la anno_fw-la 994._o tunc_fw-la aethelredus_fw-la per_fw-la consilium_fw-la suorum_fw-la nobilium_fw-la dedit_fw-la iis_fw-la pensionem_fw-la de_fw-la tota_fw-la anglia_fw-la collectam_fw-la 16000_o librarum_fw-la ut_fw-la à _fw-la cadibus_fw-la hominum_fw-la innocentium_fw-la cessarent_fw-la anno_fw-la 1002._o rex_fw-la aethelredus_fw-la consilio_fw-la suorum_fw-la ob_fw-la multas_fw-la injurias_fw-la à _fw-la dane_n acceptas_fw-la tributum_fw-la illis_fw-la statuit_fw-la and_o taxati_fw-la angli_fw-la fuere_fw-la ut_fw-la pacem_fw-la cum_fw-la eis_fw-la firmam_fw-la tenerent_fw-la cujus_fw-la postulationem_fw-la concesserunt_fw-la and_o ex_fw-la eo_fw-la tempore_fw-la de_fw-la tota_fw-la angliae_fw-la sumptus_fw-la illis_fw-la et_fw-la tributum_fw-la quod_fw-la erat_fw-la 36000_o lib._n persolvebatur_fw-la anno_fw-la 1012._o dux_fw-la edvardus_n and_o omnes_fw-la anglia_fw-la primate_fw-la utriusque_fw-la ordinis_fw-la ante_fw-la pascha_fw-la londini_fw-la congregati_fw-la sunt_fw-la and_o ibi_fw-la tam_fw-la diu_fw-la morati_fw-la sunt_fw-la quousque_fw-la tributum_fw-la dane_n promissum_fw-la quod_fw-la erat_fw-la 45000._o l._n persolverent_fw-la by_o all_o which_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o this_o tribute_n be_v not_o
impose_v by_o the_o king_n absolute_a power_n and_o will_v but_o by_o the_o common_a consent_n of_o all_o the_o peer_n in_o parliament_n five_o it_o be_v pay_v to_o save_v and_o ransom_n their_o life_n and_o liberty_n from_o a_o conquer_a enemy_n not_o to_o a_o gracious_a prince_n to_o secure_v they_o from_o a_o enemy_n six_o it_o be_v then_o think_v and_o call_v by_o all_o our_o historian_n a_o intolerable_a grievance_n and_o oppression_n which_o as_o speed_n say_v in_o his_o history_n of_o great_a britain_n lib._n 7._o cap._n 44._o sect._n 147._o and_o other_o empty_v all_o our_o land_n of_o all_o our_o coin_n in_o the_o kingdom_n therefore_o in_o all_o these_o respect_n no_o warrant_n at_o all_o of_o the_o lawfulness_n of_o this_o tax_n but_o a_o strong_a argument_n against_o it_o to_o prove_v it_o both_o a_o intolerable_a grievance_n and_o a_o unjust_a vexation_n the_o second_o tax_n call_v danegelt_n intend_v in_o the_o objection_n be_v thus_o define_v in_o edward_n the_o confessor_n law_n cap._n 28._o by_o that_o famous_a grand_a inquest_n of_o twelve_o of_o the_o principal_a man_n out_o of_o every_o county_n of_o england_n appoint_v by_o william_n the_o conqueror_n in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n as_o hoveden_n pag._n 602._o 603._o danegelt_n be_v enact_v to_o be_v pay_v by_o reason_n of_o pirate_n infest_v the_o country_n who_o cease_v not_o to_o waste_v it_o all_o they_o can_v to_o repress_v this_o their_o insolency_n it_o be_v enact_v that_o danegelt_n shall_v be_v yearly_a render_v to_o wit_n one_o shilling_n out_o of_o every_o plough_n land_n throughout_o england_n to_o hire_v those_o that_o may_v resist_v or_o prevent_v the_o occasion_n or_o eruption_n of_o pirate_n the_o black_a book_n of_o the_o exchequer_n lib._n 1._o cap._n 11._o thus_o define_v it_o to_o repulse_v the_o dane_n it_o be_v enact_v by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n in_o parliament_n that_o out_o of_o every_o hide_n of_o land_n by_o a_o certain_a perpetual_a rent_n 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reprimendam_fw-la statutum_fw-la est_fw-la dare_fw-la geldum_fw-la reddi_fw-la conjunctim_fw-la etc._n etc._n if_o therefore_o at_o first_o enact_v to_o be_v pay_v yearly_a one_o shilling_n out_o of_o every_o hide_n of_o land_n to_o find_v man_n to_o guard_v the_o sea_n and_o sea_n coast_n against_o the_o dane_n and_o pirate_n that_o then_o this_o be_v certain_o grant_v and_o enact_v by_o parliament_n since_o the_o king_n alone_o by_o his_o absolute_a power_n much_o less_o to_o such_o a_o writ_n as_o now_o issue_v can_v make_v no_o such_o act_n or_o annual_a law_n second_o by_o this_o the_o black_a book_n of_o the_o exchequer_n h._n 1._o cap._n 11._o ad_fw-la injurias_fw-la igitur_fw-la arcendas_fw-la à _fw-la regibus_fw-la angliae_fw-la to_o wit_n in_o parliament_n where_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v say_v only_o to_o enact_v law_n and_o the_o law_n then_o enact_v be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o king_n law_n and_o act_n because_o his_o assent_n be_v unto_o they_o bind_v statutum_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la de_fw-la singulis_fw-la hidis_fw-la iure_fw-la quodam_fw-la perpetuo_fw-la duos_fw-la solidos_fw-la argenti_fw-la solverent_fw-la ad_fw-la usus_fw-la nostros_fw-la cum_fw-la factum_fw-la et_fw-la hoc_fw-la legitur_fw-la antiquâ_fw-la lege_fw-la etc._n etc._n if_o then_o this_o be_v enact_v by_o a_o certain_a perpetual_a law_n and_o pay_v by_o a_o annual_a law_n as_o by_o this_o exchequer_n record_n appear_v then_o certain_o by_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n three_o by_o a_o addition_n to_o the_o law_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o confessor_n cap._n 12._o cite_v in_o hoveden_n likewise_o annalium_fw-la posteriorum_fw-la pag._n 603._o which_o say_v that_o every_o church_n wheresoever_o situate_v be_v exempt_v from_o this_o tax_n until_o the_o day_n of_o william_n rufus_n because_o they_o put_v more_o confidence_n in_o the_o prayer_n of_o the_o church_n than_o in_o the_o defence_n of_o arm_n donec_fw-la tandem_fw-la à _fw-la baronibus_fw-la angliae_fw-la auxilium_fw-la requirebatur_fw-la ad_fw-la normandiam_fw-la requirendam_fw-la et_fw-la retinendam_fw-la de_fw-la roberto_fw-la sue_v fratre_fw-la cognomine_fw-la curt._n concessum_fw-la est_fw-la ei_fw-la non_fw-la lege_fw-la sanctum_fw-la atque_fw-la firmatum_fw-la sed_fw-la hoc_fw-la necessitatis_fw-la causa_fw-la erat_fw-la de_fw-la unaquaque_fw-la hide_v quatuor_fw-la solidos_fw-la ecclesia_fw-la non_fw-la excepta_fw-la dum_fw-la vero_fw-la collectio_fw-la census_fw-la fieret_fw-la proclamabat_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la suae_fw-la reposcens_fw-la libertatem_fw-la sed_fw-la nihil_fw-la profecit_fw-la by_o which_o exemption_n of_o the_o church_n and_o church_n land_n from_o this_o tax_n and_o this_o request_n of_o william_n rufus_n to_o his_o baron_n to_o grant_v he_o their_o aid_n to_o gain_v and_o retain_v normandy_n which_o they_o do_v grant_v unto_o he_o only_o for_o their_o present_a necessity_n but_o do_v not_o annual_o establish_v and_o confirm_v the_o grant_n of_o four_o shilling_n on_o a_o 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that_o the_o tax_n which_o succeed_v be_v not_o annual_o grant_v nor_o pay_v but_o only_o in_o time_n of_o war_n sc._n consult_v etiam_fw-la magnatibus_fw-la and_o parliament_n secundum_fw-la authoritatem_fw-la the_o advice_n of_o the_o great_a man_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o parliament_n if_o then_o this_o tax_n of_o danegelt_n to_o defend_v the_o sea_n be_v grant_v and_o impose_v by_o parliament_n only_o with_o these_o tax_n that_o succeed_v it_o not_o by_o the_o king_n royal_a prerogative_n without_o a_o parliament_n this_o tax_n for_o the_o shipmoney_n also_o ought_v to_o be_v thus_o impose_v and_o not_o otherwise_o even_o by_o thief_n present_a example_n second_o the_o danegelt_n be_v not_o impose_v or_o enact_v in_o time_n of_o peace_n but_o if_o war_n cease_v the_o tax_n also_o cease_v in_o point_n of_o law_n and_o it_o be_v justice_n according_a to_o the_o law_n and_o philosopher_n rule_n cessante_fw-la causa_fw-la cessat_fw-la effectus_fw-la that_o 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tax_n but_o a_o most_o pregnant_a evidence_n against_o it_o have_v no_o continuance_n or_o allowance_n at_o all_o from_o any_o parliament_n as_o danegelt_n have_v five_o admit_v that_o the_o tax_n of_o danegelt_n be_v not_o impose_v by_o parliament_n but_o only_o for_o regal_a power_n and_o that_o lawful_a in_o these_o ancient_a time_n as_o be_v pretend_v all_o which_o we_o have_v manifest_o prove_v void_a yet_o it_o be_v no_o argument_n at_o all_o to_o prove_v the_o lawfulness_n of_o this_o present_a tax_n of_o ship-money_n and_o that_o in_o these_o respect_n first_o that_o danegelt_n be_v first_o impose_v in_o time_n of_o war_n and_o destruction_n before_o the_o government_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v settle_v by_o good_a law_n therefore_o no_o precedent_n for_o this_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n nor_o in_o this_o settle_a estate_n of_o the_o realm_n so_o long_o continue_v in_o wholesome_a law_n second_o it_o be_v before_o any_o extant_a statute_n make_v against_o the_o impose_n of_o any_o tax_n tallage_n aid_n or_o benevolence_n without_o common_a consent_n of_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a and_o commons_o in_o parliament_n this_o and_o divers_a fore-recited_a act_n of_o this_o nature_n against_o it_o be_v ratify_v by_o your_o majesty_n in_o the_o petition_n of_o right_n three_o it_o be_v before_o any_o subsidy_n of_o tonnage_n and_o poundage_n grant_v to_o guard_v the_o sea_n and_o sea_n cost_v to_o exempt_v the_o subject_n from_o these_o and_o all_o other_o tax_n for_o that_o purpose_n and_o in_o truth_n it_o be_v the_o tonnage_n and_o poundage_n of_o those_o time_n that_o after_o tonnage_n and_o poundage_n grant_v to_o guard_v the_o sea_n etc._n etc._n four_o it_o be_v certain_a first_o 1s_o afterwards_o 2s_o every_o hide_n land_n and_o that_o certain_o limit_v this_o arbitrary_a and_o incertain_o now_o rate_v by_o any_o parliament_n five_o that_o be_v only_o charge_v upon_o land_n not_o good_n this_o on_o good_n and_o those_o that_o have_v no_o land_n six_o it_o be_v not_o always_o annual_o pay_v but_o in_o time_n of_o war_n as_o spill_v glossary_a pa._n 200_o and_o diverse_a other_o fore-recited_a author_n have_v it_o thus_o now_o for_o 3._o year_n together_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n in_o these_o respect_n therefore_o we_o humble_o declare_v unto_o your_o majesty_n that_o this_o principal_a precedent_n of_o danegelt_n be_v no_o warrant_n of_o all_o for_o lawfulness_n of_o this_o tax_n of_o shipmoney_n but_o a_o clear_a and_o undeniable_a authority_n against_o it_o in_o answer_v whereof_o we_o have_v deseated_a and_o clear_v and_o so_o answer_v most_o other_o precedent_n the_o next_o precedent_n that_o be_v object_v be_v those_o out_o of_o ancient_a story_n mat._n westm._n anno_fw-la 874_o write_v of_o king_n alfred_n that_o when_o the_o danesinvade_v the_o realm_n with_o two_o navy_n have_v prepare_v a_o navy_n to_o set_v it_o to_o sea_n take_v one_o of_o the_o enemy_n ship_n and_o put_v six_o more_o to_o flight_n anno_fw-la 877._o the_o enemy_n then_o increase_a in_o all_o part_n the_o king_n command_v galy_n and_o galeas_n 2_o and_o long_o as_o naves_fw-la fubricari_fw-la per_fw-la regnum_fw-la and_o prelio_fw-la hostili_fw-la adventantibus_fw-la obcurrit_fw-la imposit_a be_v que_fw-fr piratio_fw-la in_fw-la illis_fw-la viis_fw-la maris_fw-la custodiendis_fw-la commisit_fw-la anno_fw-la 877._o and_o 992_o that_o king_n alfred_n appoint_v guardian_n in_o several_a part_n of_o the_o realm_n against_o the_o dane_n quo_fw-la etiam_fw-la tempore_fw-la fecit_fw-la rex_fw-la alfridus_fw-la totum_fw-la navile_n quod_fw-la terrestre_fw-la prelio_fw-la regni_fw-la sui_fw-la tranquillitati_fw-la providerat_fw-la that_o anno_fw-la 1008._o rex_fw-la ethelberdus_fw-la jussit_fw-la parari_fw-la 310._o hadis_fw-la navem_fw-la unam_fw-la et_fw-la ex_fw-la orto_fw-la hi_fw-la tum_fw-la galeam_fw-la unam_fw-la et_fw-la loricam_fw-la that_o anno_fw-la 1040._o rex_fw-la hardecanutus_n unumquemque_fw-la reminisci_fw-la suas_fw-la class_fw-la orto_fw-la mencos_fw-la et_fw-la singulis_fw-la rationibus_fw-la decem_fw-la naves_fw-la de_fw-la tota_fw-la angl._n pendi_fw-la precipit_fw-la vnde_fw-la cuncti_fw-la qui_fw-la ejus_fw-la advent_n prius_fw-la oraverunt_fw-la exosus_fw-la est_fw-la effectus_fw-la it_o be_v add_v with_o all_o that_o those_o king_n impose_v ship_n and_o ship-money_n on_o the_o subject_n therefore_o your_o majesty_n may_v do_v the_o like_a to_o these_o presidenr_n we_o answer_v first_o that_o they_o be_v only_o in_o time_n of_o open_a war_n and_o invasion_n by_o enemy_n for_o the_o kingdom_n necessary_a defence_n not_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n again_o the_o three_o first_o of_o they_o be_v only_o that_o the_o king_n provide_v a_o navy_n command_v ship_n to_o be_v build_v through_o the_o kingdom_n to_o guard_v the_o sea_n and_o encounter_v the_o enemy_n as_o well_o by_o sea_n as_o by_o land_n but_o speak_v not_o that_o this_o be_v do_v at_o the_o subject_n own_o charge_n nor_o that_o any_o tax_n be_v lay_v upon_o they_o for_o it_o or_o that_o the_o command_n of_o his_o be_v obey_v or_o that_o he_o may_v lawful_o impose_v a_o charge_n on_o his_o subject_n without_o their_o common_a consent_n the_o four_o of_o they_o anno_fw-la 1008._o say_v of_o ethelbert_n that_o he_o command_v one_o ship_n to_o be_v provide_v for_o out_o of_o every_o two_o hundred_o and_o ten_o acre_n but_o say_v not_o that_o this_o command_n be_v not_o by_o the_o king_n absolute_a power_n only_o for_o it_o may_v be_v by_o common_a consent_n in_o parliament_n agree_v upon_o for_o aught_o appear_v or_o that_o this_o command_n be_v just_a and_o lawful_a neither_o do_v he_o inform_v we_o that_o they_o be_v build_v wigorniensis_n anno_fw-la 1008._o add_v that_o they_o be_v according_o prepare_v and_o that_o the_o king_n put_v these_o soldier_n into_o they_o with_o victual_n that_o they_o may_v defend_v the_o coast_n of_o the_o kingdom_n from_o the_o incursion_n of_o foreigner_n so_o that_o the_o subject_n be_v not_o only_o at_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o build_n of_o the_o ship_n the_o king_n for_o the_o victual_n mariner_n soldier_n and_o wage_n and_o in_o truth_n when_o all_o be_v do_v they_o have_v but_o bad_a success_n for_o the_o same_o historian_n say_v that_o a_o great_a storm_n arise_v which_o tear_v and_o bruise_v the_o ship_n and_o drive_v they_o a_o shore_n where_o holuo_n thus_o burn_v they_o sic_fw-la totius_fw-la populi_fw-la maximus_fw-la labour_fw-la periit_fw-la yet_o this_o precedent_n though_o near_o of_o all_o come_v not_o home_n to_o the_o present_a cause_n first_o because_o it_o be_v only_o to_o build_v ship_n in_o the_o case_n of_o necessity_n for_o defence_n of_o the_o realm_n where_o there_o want_v ship_n to_o guard_v it_o but_o now_o thanks_n be_v to_o god_n we_o have_v ship_n enough_o already_o build_v to_o guard_v the_o sea_n against_o all_o the_o world_n second_o every_o 100_o and_o ten_o acre_n to_o build_v a_o ship_n of_o 3_o oar_n unam_fw-la triremem_fw-la wigorne_n write_v but_o not_o tax_v to_o pay_v so_o much_o to_o build_v one_o as_o now_o three_o the_o ship_n build_v be_v set_v out_o not_o at_o the_o subject_n but_o at_o the_o king_n charge_n and_o cost_n therefore_o no_o precedent_n for_o this_o tax_n to_o set_v out_o ship_n build_v at_o we_o four_o the_o charge_n be_v certain_a and_o equal_v every_o hide_n land_n be_v equal_o charge_v this_o altogether_o uncertain_a and_o unequal_a five_o this_o be_v after_o the_o time_n of_o danegelt_n be_v set_v on_o foot_n therefore_o not_o do_v by_o the_o king_n absolute_a power_n but_o by_o common_a consent_n in_o parliament_n as_o we_o have_v prove_v danegelt_n to_o be_v grant_v six_o this_o precedent_n prove_v only_o that_o such_o a_o thing_n be_v there_o command_v to_o be_v do_v by_o the_o king_n not_o that_o the_o king_n may_v or_o do_v lawful_o command_v or_o enforce_v the_o subject_n to_o do_v it_o without_o the_o common_a consent_n seven_o that_o be_v no_o annual_a charge_n put_v on_o the_o subject_n as_o that_o now_o but_o extraordinary_a not_o draw_v into_o practice_n since_o for_o aught_o that_o appear_v therefore_o differ_v from_o this_o tax_n of_o ship-money_n eight_o no_o corporation_n or_o good_n be_v then_o charge_v but_o only_a land_n and_o all_o be_v rule_v by_o the_o land_n they_o hold_v therefore_o this_o extend_v not_o to_o justify_v the_o tax_n of_o ship-money_n which_o be_v lay_v upon_o corporation_n good_n and_o such_o as_o have_v no_o land_n at_o all_o nine_o no_o man_n be_v enjoin_v this_o under_o pain_n of_o imprisonment_n nor_o his_o good_n distrain_v or_o sell_v if_o he_o refuse_v it_o for_o of_o this_o there_o be_v not_o a_o syllable_n therefore_o no_o precedent_n to_o warrant_v the_o present_a imprisonment_n and_o destrein_n of_o these_o man_n good_n who_o now_o refuse_v to_o pay_v the_o tax_n for_o that_o of_o hardicanutus_n not_o to_o be_v just_a and_o lawful_a but_o a_o illegal_a and_o tyrannical_a act_n which_o say_v mat._n westm._n anno_fw-la 1040._o make_v