and_o people_n and_o a_o obligation_n upon_o the_o king_n to_o govern_v according_a to_o law._n here_o i_o shall_v not_o run_v up_o the_o length_n that_o our_o history_n have_v with_o any_o probability_n trace_v the_o affair_n of_o our_o nation_n where_o we_o may_v upon_o the_o one_o hand_n find_v ourselves_o one_o of_o the_o most_o ancient_a kingdom_n of_o the_o world_n under_o one_o line_n of_o king_n so_o on_o the_o other_o we_o shall_v meet_v all_o along_o the_o clear_a print_n of_o a_o bound_a and_o mix_v government_n nor_o shall_v we_o be_v able_a in_o all_o the_o change_n of_o our_o monarchy_n to_o instance_n one_o of_o our_o king_n that_o pretend_v to_o such_o a_o absolute_a power_n over_o his_o subject_n as_o every_o one_o of_o they_o be_v to_o obey_v without_o reserve_n the_o new_a coin_n of_o these_o word_n and_o the_o make_v use_n of_o the_o thing_n signify_v by_o they_o be_v reserve_v for_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o late_a king_n james_n nor_o will_v i_o presume_v to_o 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constitution_n that_o the_o three_o estate_n of_o parliament_n and_o every_o one_o of_o they_o be_v equal_o as_o necessary_a and_o essential_a to_o the_o make_n of_o law_n as_o the_o king_n be_v it_o be_v the_o king_n and_o the_o three_o estate_n of_o parliament_n all_o together_o that_o make_v law_n and_o not_o the_o king_n alone_o nor_o the_o three_o estate_n nor_o the_o king_n with_o any_o one_o or_o two_o of_o the_o three_o estate_n here_o there_o be_v one_o negative_a vote_n lodge_v in_o the_o king_n and_o another_o lodge_v in_o the_o parliament_n for_o albeit_o the_o king_n or_o his_o commissioner_n shall_v bring_v in_o a_o bill_n in_o parliament_n stamp_v with_o the_o royal_a assent_n the_o estate_n of_o parliament_n by_o their_o negative_a vote_n may_v deny_v their_o concurrence_n and_o thereupon_o it_o prove_v a_o abortive_a so_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n whatever_o sanction_n be_v enact_v by_o the_o estate_n of_o parliament_n they_o amount_v no_o high_o than_o so_o many_o 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once_o the_o king_n take_v it_o upon_o he_o by_o virtue_n of_o this_o absolute_a power_n to_o command_v the_o contrary_n as_o the_o government_n of_o scotland_n be_v in_o itself_o a_o mix_a government_n so_o likewise_o our_o ancestor_n have_v be_v so_o careful_a to_o preserve_v it_o in_o a_o equal_a poise_n that_o they_o have_v think_v fit_a ex_fw-la superabundante_fw-la to_o bind_v up_o the_o king_n from_o invade_v the_o fundamental_a constitution_n or_o venture_v on_o a_o unlimited_a power_n by_o the_o most_o sacred_a tie_n among_o man_n a_o solemn_z oath_n and_o promise_n at_o his_o coronation_n to_o govern_v according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n that_o be_v these_o make_v by_o the_o king_n and_o parliament_n and_o this_o obligation_n upon_o the_o the_o king_n to_o govern_v according_a to_o law_n i_o take_v to_o be_v the_o second_o fundamental_a hinge_v of_o our_o government_n that_o there_o be_v a_o contract_n betwixt_o the_o king_n and_o people_n equivalent_a to_o a_o coronation_n oath_n at_o the_o very_a first_o sound_n of_o our_o monarchy_n we_o have_v considerable_a vestiges_n in_o our_o history_n and_o in_o corbred_n time_n he_o be_v say_v to_o have_v swear_v se_fw-la majorum_fw-la consiliis_fw-la aquieturum_fw-la i._n e._n that_o he_o shall_v be_v determine_v by_o the_o advice_n of_o the_o elder_n which_o at_o that_o time_n must_v needs_o be_v something_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o parliament_n and_o gregory_n name_v the_o great_a in_o our_o antiquary_n be_v swear_v to_o maintain_v the_o liberty_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n and_o macbeth_n another_o of_o our_o king_n be_v say_v to_o be_v swear_v to_o maintain_v the_o commons_o of_o the_o realm_n yea_o the_o king_n of_o scotland_n be_v so_o far_o from_o pretend_v to_o a_o unlimited_a power_n over_o their_o subject_n that_o we_o find_v in_o finnanus_n reign_n the_o ten_o of_o our_o king_n a_o formal_a stipulation_n betwixt_o he_o and_o the_o people_n in_o these_o word_n that_o the_o king_n in_o time_n come_v shall_v do_v nothing_o of_o any_o great_a concernment_n without_o the_o authority_n of_o their_o public_a counsel_n that_o he_o shall_v manage_v no_o public_a business_n which_o belong_v to_o the_o kingdom_n without_o the_o advice_n and_o conduct_n of_o the_o elder_n nor_o shall_v make_v peace_n or_o war_n nor_o enter_v into_o league_n or_o break_v they_o by_o himself_o without_o concurrence_n of_o these_o elder_n and_o the_o head_n of_o the_o tribe_n this_o continue_v a_o fundamental_a law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n for_o a_o great_a many_o age_n and_o the_o breach_n of_o it_o prove_v fatal_a to_o a_o great_a many_o succeed_a king_n this_o i_o mention_v not_o because_o that_o i_o approve_v so_o narrow_a boundary_n of_o the_o royal_a prerogative_n as_o to_o be_v divest_v of_o the_o power_n of_o enter_v into_o league_n and_o of_o make_v peace_n and_o war_n but_o to_o evince_v that_o there_o be_v a_o express_a contract_n betwixt_o the_o king_n and_o people_n and_o that_o the_o king_n do_v not_o pretend_v to_o hold_v his_o imperial_a crown_n of_o god_n alone_o as_o the_o penner_n of_o king_n james_n his_o declaration_n express_v it_o the_o coronation_n oath_n of_o scotland_n during_o the_o time_n of_o popery_n be_v express_v as_o to_o govern_v the_o people_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n but_o because_o it_o also_o contain_v a_o obligation_n to_o maintain_v the_o heirarchy_n and_o error_n of_o rome_n it_o be_v alter_v at_o the_o reformation_n and_o make_v to_o relate_v to_o the_o reform_a religion_n as_o then_o establish_v by_o law_n and_o be_v enact_v to_o be_v take_v by_o all_o the_o succeed_a king_n of_o scotland_n at_o their_o coronation_n by_o it_o they_o be_v to_o promise_n and_o swear_v as_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o eternal_a god_n that_o they_o shall_v during_o the_o whole_a course_n of_o their_o life_n serve_v the_o same_o
eternal_a god_n according_a as_o he_o be_v reveal_v in_o his_o most_o holy_a word_n and_o shall_v according_a to_o that_o same_o word_n maintain_v the_o true_a religion_n the_o preach_a of_o the_o holy_a word_n the_o due_a administration_n of_o the_o sacrament_n now_o receive_v and_o preach_v within_o the_o realm_n of_o scotland_n that_o be_v upon_o the_o matter_n the_o same_o as_o to_o swear_v to_o be_v of_o the_o reform_a religion_n since_o that_o religion_n be_v establish_v as_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o nation_n previous_a to_o this_o act._n thereafter_o the_o king_n be_v to_o swear_v by_o the_o same_o oath_n that_o he_o shall_v rule_v the_o people_n commit_v to_o his_o charge_n according_a to_o the_o command_n of_o god_n and_o according_a to_o the_o law_n and_o constitution_n receive_v in_o this_o realm_n here_o i_o must_v confess_v my_o own_o weakness_n in_o the_o point_n of_o the_o late_a king_n james_n accession_n to_o the_o crown_n for_o my_o reason_n can_v never_o persuade_v i_o of_o any_o right_n he_o can_v just_o claim_v to_o it_o as_o long_o as_o this_o act_n of_o parliament_n enact_v this_o coronation_n oath_n to_o be_v take_v by_o all_o succeed_a king_n be_v in_o force_n since_o he_o neither_o do_v nor_o can_v swear_v it_o thus_o the_o two_o fundamental_a hinge_n of_o the_o government_n of_o scotland_n be_v first_o that_o the_o law_n the_o people_n be_v to_o be_v govern_v by_o be_v such_o as_o be_v make_v by_o the_o king_n and_o parliament_n and_o second_o that_o the_o government_n be_v administer_v by_o the_o king_n according_a to_o these_o law_n from_o the_o obligation_n of_o a_o coronation_n oath_n if_o either_o the_o king_n alone_o or_o the_o three_o estate_n by_o themselves_o take_v upon_o they_o to_o make_v law_n than_o the_o one_o hinge_v be_v break_v off_o and_o if_o the_o government_n be_v not_o administrate_v by_o the_o king_n according_a to_o these_o law_n than_o the_o other_o hinge_v be_v break_v off_o also_o and_o in_o either_o or_o both_o of_o these_o case_n the_o constitution_n be_v at_o a_o end_n and_o our_o legal_a government_n cease_v before_o i_o come_v to_o the_o other_o general_a head_n propose_v there_o be_v one_o objection_n that_o lie_v natural_o in_o my_o way_n which_o i_o judge_v necessary_a to_o be_v remove_v when_o i_o speak_v of_o law_n be_v only_o make_v by_o the_o king_n and_o the_o three_o estate_n of_o parliament_n it_o will_v be_v tell_v i_o by_o a_o certain_a sort_n of_o man_n that_o this_o late_a act_n of_o parliament_n of_o their_o present_a majesty_n reign_n abolish_n episcopacy_n seem_v to_o infringe_v that_o fundamental_a constitution_n because_o one_o of_o the_o three_o estate_n be_v thereby_o remove_v viz._n that_o of_o the_o bishop_n this_o be_v easy_o answer_v when_o i_o have_v tell_v they_o that_o before_o the_o reformation_n the_o three_o estate_n of_o parliament_n be_v thus_o reckon_v up_o the_o archbishop_n bishop_n abbat_n prior_n and_o commendator_n of_o the_o order_n of_o st._n john_n of_o jerusalem_n make_v up_o the_o first_o estate_n and_o be_v name_v the_o lord_n spiritual_a the_o temporal_a lord_n make_v up_o the_o second_o and_o the_o representative_n for_o county_n and_o burrough_n together_o make_v up_o the_o three_o but_o at_o the_o reformation_n in_o respect_n of_o our_o be_v reform_v by_o presbyter_n and_o of_o the_o great_a opposition_n of_o the_o bishop_n to_o the_o reformation_n itself_o the_o parliament_n be_v please_v not_o only_o to_o abolish_v the_o error_n of_o the_o see_v of_o rome_n but_o also_o the_o hierarchy_n of_o bishop_n with_o all_o their_o privilege_n and_o honour_n whereof_o that_o of_o be_v the_o first_o of_o the_o three_o estate_n be_v one_o the_o church_n of_o scotland_n have_v continue_v under_o the_o government_n of_o presbyter_n for_o a_o great_a many_o year_n king_n james_n the_o first_o of_o england_n sound_v a_o way_n to_o restore_v episcopacy_n in_o spite_n of_o the_o struggle_a genius_n of_o the_o nation_n and_o albeit_o at_o that_o time_n the_o bishop_n by_o a_o tacit_n consent_n take_v their_o place_n in_o parliament_n yet_o whether_o by_o neglect_n or_o design_n i_o know_v not_o they_o be_v never_o restore_v to_o that_o privilege_n of_o be_v account_v one_o of_o the_o three_o estate_n of_o parliament_n but_o be_v ever_o since_o repute_v to_o make_v up_o but_o a_o part_n of_o one_o estate_n in_o conjunction_n with_o the_o temporal_a lord_n the_o second_o being_z the_o representative_n of_o county_n and_o the_o three_o these_o of_o the_o burrough_n this_o account_n i_o judge_v the_o fit_a to_o give_v that_o a_o great_a many_o who_o have_v not_o the_o occasion_n of_o be_v acquaint_v with_o the_o constitution_n of_o our_o country_n be_v inclinable_a to_o think_v that_o our_o reckon_n up_o of_o the_o three_o estate_n be_v parallel_n with_o that_o of_o england_n when_o indeed_o there_o can_v be_v nothing_o more_o different_a england_n owe_v its_o reformation_n to_o bishop_n whereof_o some_o of_o they_o have_v the_o glory_n of_o seal_v it_o with_o their_o blood_n and_o that_o order_n have_v ever_o since_o afford_v the_o great_a luminary_n of_o the_o church_n when_o popery_n be_v abolish_v in_o england_n the_o heirarchy_n of_o bishop_n be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v lay_v aside_o that_o it_o continue_v in_o the_o same_o state_n as_o to_o all_o its_o privilege_n and_o particular_o that_o of_o be_v the_o first_o distinct_a state_n of_o parliament_n as_o they_o find_v it_o at_o the_o reformation_n what_o i_o have_v advance_v in_o point_n of_o the_o present_a reckon_n up_o of_o the_o three_o estate_n of_o scotland_n will_v appear_v far_o beyond_o all_o doubt_n if_o we_o consider_v that_o in_o most_o of_o the_o parliament_n of_o king_n james_n the_o first_o his_o reign_n there_o be_v none_o of_o the_o order_n of_o bishop_n the_o hierarchy_n be_v not_o yet_o restore_v and_o yet_o the_o validity_n of_o these_o parliament_n be_v never_o call_v in_o question_n in_o any_o of_o the_o succeed_a reign_n i_o come_v now_o to_o the_o second_o general_n head_n propose_v viz._n whether_o or_o not_o the_o late_a king_n do_v forfeit_v his_o right_n to_o the_o crown_n by_o subvert_v the_o abovementioned_a two_o fundamental_a hinge_n of_o the_o government_n and_o if_o thereupon_o the_o estate_n do_v just_o lay_v he_o aside_o in_o inquire_v into_o this_o i_o shall_v not_o give_v the_o reader_n the_o trouble_n of_o enumerate_v the_o several_a case_n in_o which_o the_o great_a champion_n of_o regal_a prerogative_n allow_v king_n may_v forfeit_v their_o right_n though_o such_o a_o digression_n may_v be_v pardonable_a be_v that_o king_n james_n proclamation_n insinuate_v fair_o that_o in_o no_o case_n it_o can_v happen_v i_o confess_v i_o be_o so_o great_a a_o friend_n to_o monarchy_n as_o be_v the_o best_a of_o government_n and_o most_o suitable_a to_o the_o genius_n of_o our_o nation_n that_o i_o can_v not_o wish_v it_o precarious_a nor_o the_o royal_a prerogative_n sink_v below_o what_o our_o parliament_n precede_v the_o two_o last_o reign_n have_v determine_v it_o and_o i_o think_v the_o late_a king_n james_n have_v reason_n to_o say_v of_o the_o law_n of_o scotland_n the_o same_o he_o be_v please_v to_o say_v of_o these_o of_o england_n that_o they_o be_v sufficient_a to_o make_v the_o king_n as_o great_a a_o monarch_n as_o he_o can_v wish_v there_o be_v a_o great_a many_o argument_n that_o enforce_v the_o unreasonableness_n of_o that_o opinion_n that_o king_n may_v be_v call_v to_o a_o account_n for_o every_o mis-management_n and_o indeed_o it_o will_v seem_v much_o safe_a for_o the_o people_n many_o time_n to_o lie_v under_o the_o encroachment_n of_o their_o prince_n then_o to_o endeavour_v a_o redress_n by_o a_o remedy_n that_o prove_v often_o worse_o than_o the_o disease_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v not_o mis-management_n in_o general_a though_o many_o and_o great_a that_o unmake_n a_o king_n but_o only_o such_o as_o shake_v and_o subvert_v the_o essence_n of_o the_o government_n and_o unhinge_v the_o fundamental_a constitution_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o if_o mis-management_n of_o this_o kind_n can_v be_v just_o charge_v upon_o the_o late_a king_n it_o follow_v necessary_o that_o immediate_o upon_o his_o so_o do_v our_o constitution_n be_v at_o a_o end_n and_o our_o legal_a government_n dissolve_v and_o thereupon_o he_o cease_v to_o be_v our_o king_n and_o we_o to_o be_v his_o subject_n and_o how_o far_o the_o late_a king_n be_v thus_o chargeable_a will_v appear_v in_o the_o follow_a consideration_n that_o the_o first_o fundamental_a hinge_v of_o our_o constitution_n viz._n that_o the_o law_n the_o people_n be_v to_o be_v govern_v by_o be_v make_v by_o the_o king_n and_o parliament_n be_v subvert_v by_o the_o late_a king_n be_v evident_a in_o his_o assume_v a_o power_n to_o annul_v and_o disable_v law_n by_o his_o
two_o proclamation_n for_o a_o toleration_n anno_fw-la 1686._o for_o a_o power_n to_o ease_v annul_v and_o disable_v law_n be_v as_o much_o a_o part_n of_o the_o legislature_n as_o a_o power_n to_o make_v law_n since_o proper_o none_o can_v unmake_v law_n but_o those_o that_o make_v they_o yea_o it_o will_v seem_v that_o power_n to_o annul_v law_n shall_v be_v great_a than_o that_o which_o make_v they_o consider_v that_o all_o nation_n by_o their_o practice_n have_v agree_v to_o this_o as_o a_o principle_n in_o politic_n that_o to_o abrogate_v a_o ancient_a custom_n or_o law_n be_v one_o of_o the_o great_a stretch_v of_o the_o legislature_n and_o shall_v be_v the_o result_n of_o the_o most_o deliberate_a and_o sedate_v consultation_n so_o that_o the_o late_a king_n by_o assume_v a_o power_n to_o annul_v law_n make_v by_o king_n and_o parliament_n do_v at_o the_o same_o time_n arrogate_v to_o himself_o a_o power_n at_o least_o as_o great_a if_o not_o great_a than_o that_o of_o both_o 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of_o make_v of_o law_n but_o do_v in_o a_o direct_a and_o express_a manner_n invade_v the_o legislature_n lodge_v in_o king_n and_o parliament_n by_o his_o impose_v on_o his_o subject_n a_o oath_n contrary_a to_o law_n and_o which_o even_o the_o king_n and_o parliament_n together_o can_v not_o impose_v because_o it_o be_v in_o itself_o a_o subversion_n of_o the_o constitution_n as_o be_v a_o obligation_n to_o support_v a_o power_n direct_o destructive_a to_o both_o the_o fundamental_a hinge_n of_o the_o government_n by_o this_o oath_n the_o subject_n be_v oblige_v to_o the_o utmost_a of_o their_o power_n to_o defend_v assist_v and_o maintain_v the_o king_n and_o his_o successor_n in_o the_o exercise_n of_o their_o absolute_a power_n and_o thus_o as_o the_o oath_n be_v create_v by_o this_o absolute_a power_n so_o the_o absolute_a power_n must_v be_v support_v by_o this_o oath_n and_o thereby_o all_o the_o remnant_n of_o natural_a liberty_n or_o a_o legal_a government_n be_v extinguish_v 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government_n yet_o without_o all_o doubt_n in_o that_o declaration_n for_o liberty_n of_o conscience_n date_v the_o 12_o of_o february_n 1686_o which_o assert_v a_o absolute_a power_n which_o every_o one_o be_v to_o obey_v without_o reserve_n and_o thereupon_o a_o power_n to_o disable_v law_n the_o late_a king_n finish_v his_o design_n and_o our_o ruin_n and_o from_o that_o critical_a moment_n i_o must_v fix_v the_o epocha_n of_o the_o subversion_n of_o the_o scotch_a government_n but_o because_o there_o be_v some_o people_n so_o ridiculous_o fond_a of_o slavery_n that_o they_o can_v endure_v to_o hear_v that_o any_o of_o the_o king_n of_o scotland_n can_v forfeit_v his_o right_n which_o i_o beg_v leave_n to_o say_v be_v nonsense_n to_o deny_v in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o total_a subversion_n of_o the_o government_n as_o this_o in_o question_n be_v i_o will_v say_v know_v why_o such_o a_o thing_n as_o forfeiture_n shall_v be_v look_v upon_o as_o so_o monstrous_a in_o scotland_n we_o find_v that_o the_o late_a king_n do_v not_o only_o assume_v a_o prerogative_n to_o annul_v and_o disable_v law_n and_o such_o a_o power_n as_o we_o be_v not_o only_o to_o obey_v without_o reserve_n but_o to_o swear_v to_o maintain_v we_o find_v that_o by_o virtue_n of_o this_o prerogative_n and_o power_n thus_o assume_v he_o do_v actual_o annul_v and_o disable_v a_o great_a many_o law_n for_o security_n of_o our_o religion_n now_o suppose_v he_o have_v be_v please_v to_o impose_v tax_n upon_o his_o people_n without_o a_o parliament_n and_o have_v levy_v they_o by_o his_o own_o army_n or_o dragoon_n borrow_v from_o the_o invincible_a monarch_n and_o have_v to_o boot_v annul_v all_o our_o law_n make_v for_o the_o security_n of_o our_o right_n and_o property_n and_o in_o fine_a suppose_v he_o have_v be_v please_v to_o lay_v aside_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o our_o law_n by_o one_o of_o these_o royal_a edict_n which_o all_o be_v to_o obey_v without_o reserve_n i_o will_v willing_o know_v of_o these_o gentleman_n by_o what_o name_n to_o call_v such_o practice_n and_o whether_o in_o this_o case_n we_o be_v patient_o to_o suffer_v a_o king_n to_o subvert_v the_o whole_a frame_n of_o our_o government_n and_o to_o render_v bondslave_n those_o that_o be_v bear_v free_a subject_n to_o the_o protection_n and_o privilege_n of_o law_n and_o such_o supposition_n be_v both_o possible_a and_o perhaps_o may_v have_v be_v actual_o existent_a if_o some_o have_v continue_v at_o the_o helm_n a_o year_n or_o two_o long_a i_o may_v here_o resume_v some_o thing_n with_o relation_n to_o this_o absolute_a power_n assume_v by_o the_o late_a king_n and_o the_o word_n invincible_a necessity_n mention_v in_o his_o first_o declaration_n for_o liberty_n of_o conscience_n which_o i_o have_v occasion_n to_o hint_n at_o in_o my_o answer_n to_o the_o late_a declaration_n to_o his_o pretend_a subject_n of_o england_n etc._n etc._n but_o i_o be_o not_o so_o fond_a of_o my_o own_o notion_n as_o to_o repeat_v they_o twice_o and_o the_o rather_o that_o the_o entertainment_n the_o world_n be_v please_v to_o give_v that_o paper_n infinite_o beyond_o what_o it_o deserve_v make_v i_o think_v that_o this_o can_v come_v to_o the_o hand_n of_o few_o who_o have_v not_o see_v the_o other_o only_o i_o must_v say_v this_o i_o take_v no_o pleasure_n to_o aggravate_v the_o fault_n of_o any_o or_o make_v the_o consequence_n of_o they_o look_v more_o ghastly_a than_o they_o be_v in_o themselves_o much_o less_o will_v i_o be_v guilty_a of_o such_o a_o thing_n towards_o crown_v head_n however_o i_o be_o not_o able_a to_o alter_v the_o just_a appearance_n of_o this_o that_o the_o public_a safety_n can_v never_o be_v secure_v in_o any_o constitution_n whatsoever_o and_o that_o the_o end_n of_o the_o government_n be_v quite_o lose_v if_o the_o person_n who_o subvert_v it_o
do_v not_o at_o the_o same_o time_n destroy_v and_o forfeit_v his_o own_o share_n in_o it_o i_o come_v to_o the_o second_o member_n of_o the_o second_o general_a head_n viz._n to_o inquire_v whether_o or_o not_o the_o late_a king_n james_n do_v subvert_v that_o other_o main_a hinge_n of_o the_o government_n of_o scotland_n which_o i_o have_v explain_v to_o be_v a_o obligation_n to_o govern_v by_o the_o law_n make_v by_o the_o king_n and_o parliament_n and_o thereupon_o if_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o kingdom_n do_v just_o lay_v he_o aside_o this_o inquiry_n be_v indeed_o no_o difficult_a though_o a_o ungrateful_a and_o meloncholly_a task_n for_o what_o man_n that_o love_v his_o country_n can_v look_v back_o upon_o its_o ruin_n without_o emotion_n of_o tenderness_n to_o enumerate_v all_o the_o dismal_a instance_n of_o the_o subversion_n of_o this_o hinge_n of_o our_o government_n for_o the_o space_n of_o many_o year_n require_v such_o a_o pen_n as_o sing_v the_o fall_n of_o troy_n or_o 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government_n as_o well_o as_o the_o former_a for_o so_o far_o be_v he_o from_o govern_v according_a to_o the_o law_n make_v by_o king_n and_o parliament_n that_o his_o whole_a government_n especial_o since_o the_o time_n of_o his_o assume_v a_o dispence_n and_o annul_v power_n be_v a_o contain_v downright_a opposition_n to_o law_n here_o i_o need_v do_v no_o more_o but_o refer_v the_o reader_n to_o the_o print_a instrument_n of_o government_n for_o settle_v the_o crown_n of_o scotland_n upon_o their_o present_a majesty_n in_o which_o we_o have_v contain_v a_o summary_n of_o the_o late_a king_n be_v more_o palpable_a and_o gross_a breach_n of_o this_o fundamental_a of_o the_o constitution_n and_o which_o i_o shall_v only_o explain_v a_o little_a for_o the_o benefit_n of_o those_o that_o be_v stranger_n to_o our_o country_n king_n james_n do_v not_o only_o lay_v aside_o a_o great_a many_o law_n and_o act_n of_o parliament_n make_v against_o say_v of_o mass_n and_o against_o jesuit_n and_o seminary_n priest_n but_o will_v needs_o in_o the_o great_a and_o most_o public_a city_n of_o the_o kingdom_n erect_v public_a school_n and_o society_n for_o jesuit_n and_o seminary_n priest_n and_o do_v apply_v no_o inconsiderable_a part_n of_o the_o public_a revenue_n to_o that_o use_n and_o far_o he_o be_v please_v frank_o to_o invade_v the_o property_n of_o the_o subject_n by_o invert_v summary_o without_o any_o previous_a sentence_n several_a protestant_a church_n and_o chapel_n into_o public_a mass-house_n and_o particular_o the_o great_a church_n of_o hollyroodhouse_n within_o the_o capital_a city_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o ancient_a buryingplace_n of_o our_o king_n that_o have_v be_v a_o paroch_n church_n ever_o since_o the_o reformation_n in_o spite_n of_o law_n he_o not_o only_o cause_v to_o be_v erect_v popish_a printing-house_n for_o print_v popish_a book_n but_o refuse_v to_o allow_v the_o print_n of_o protestant_n one_o mere_o because_o they_o be_v against_o the_o 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reformer_n from_o popery_n though_o of_o a_o age_n that_o make_v he_o master_n of_o himself_o be_v search_v for_o in_o order_n to_o be_v send_v the_o same_o errand_n and_o that_o in_o a_o manner_n only_o become_v the_o action_n in_o open_a defiance_n of_o a_o great_a many_o law_n to_o the_o contrary_a the_o late_a king_n james_n be_v please_v to_o fill_v up_o some_o of_o the_o most_o important_a place_n of_o the_o government_n with_o roman_a catholic_n such_o as_o chancellor_n secretaries_z of_o state_n commissioner_n of_o the_o thesaury_n lord_n of_o privy-council_n session_n and_o exchequer_n he_o be_v please_v to_o commit_v the_o great_a magazine_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o government_n of_o the_o castle_n of_o edinburgh_n and_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o regalia_z to_o one_o of_o that_o religion_n and_o to_o fill_v up_o a_o great_a many_o important_a place_n of_o the_o army_n with_o the_o same_o man_n that_o the_o law_n have_v render_v incapable_a our_o law_n have_v wise_o adapt_v the_o measure_n of_o punishment_n to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o crime_n some_o infer_v the_o loss_n of_o chattel_n and_o other_o the_o loss_n of_o life_n and_o whole_a estate_n whether_o in_o land_n or_o chattel_n and_o this_o last_o our_o law_n call_v a_o forfeiture_n and_o be_v only_o inflict_v upon_o the_o most_o attrocious_a criminal_n king_n james_n do_v so_o far_o subvert_v this_o reasonable_a part_n of_o our_o constitution_n that_o some_o of_o his_o minister_n do_v impose_v upon_o some_o thousand_o of_o people_n fines_n that_o far_o exceed_v their_o whole_a estate_n and_o consequent_o amount_v to_o a_o forfeiture_n and_o all_o this_o upon_o such_o imaginary_a crime_n as_o this_o because_o the_o wife_n go_v not_o to_o church_n once_o in_o three_o week_n though_o the_o husband_n do_v it_o and_o i_o be_o able_a to_o instance_n above_o 400_o thus_o fine_v or_o rather_o forfeit_v for_o the_o like_a minute_n crime_n within_o the_o bound_n of_o one_o single_a county_n it_o be_v a_o uncontroverted_a principle_n of_o our_o law_n that_o no_o man_n can_v be_v condemn_v to_o die_v but_o upon_o his_o be_v find_v guilty_a of_o the_o crime_n by_o a_o jury_n of_o fifteen_o men._n notwithstanding_o of_o this_o great_a security_n of_o our_o life_n and_o fortune_n king_n james_n be_v please_v to_o grant_v commission_n to_o military_a officer_n impower_v they_o to_o put_v to_o death_n without_o either_o jury_n trial_n or_o record_n and_o which_o commission_n be_v as_o bold_o put_v in_o execution_n nothing_o seem_v more_o direct_o found_v on_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n than_o that_o a_o man_n shall_v not_o be_v deprive_v of_o his_o liberty_n without_o show_v he_o a_o cause_n for_o it_o yet_o how_o many_o hundred_o have_v be_v in_o a_o manner_n bury_v alive_a in_o a_o sort_n of_o dungeon_n for_o several_a year_n without_o be_v tell_v to_o this_o very_a day_n what_o be_v their_o crime_n the_o burrough_n of_o scotland_n be_v always_o repute_v as_o one_o of_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o by_o their_o charter_n ratify_v in_o parliament_n be_v vest_v with_o a_o power_n to_o elect_a their_o own_o magistrate_n yet_o king_n james_n do_v so_o far_o trample_v upon_o the_o liberty_n of_o this_o three_o estate_n that_o without_o the_o pretence_n of_o either_o surrender_n consent_v or_o sentence_n he_o be_v please_v to_o impose_v upon_o they_o for_o magistrate_n those_o that_o be_v stranger_n and_o not_o free_a of_o their_o corporation_n and_o a_o great_a many_o of_o they_o roman_a catholic_n it_o be_v in_o vain_a to_o endeavour_v to_o confine_v to_o this_o paper_n all_o the_o instance_n of_o king_n james_n his_o subvert_v this_o hinge_v of_o our_o constitution_n viz._n the_o obligation_n to_o govern_v according_a to_o law_n i_o shall_v conclude_v with_o one_o paramount_n instance_n that_o entail_v a_o eternal_a blot_n upon_o the_o government_n of_o the_o