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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A19065	Christian offices crystall glasse In three bookes. First written in Latine, by that famous and renowned Father, Saint Ambrose Bishop of Millane. Whereunto is added his conuiction of Symmachus the Gentile. A worke tending to the advancement of vertue, and of holinesse: and to shew how much the morality of the Gentiles, is exceeded by the doctrine of Christianity. Translated into English by Richard Humfrey ...; De officiis. English	Ambrose, Saint, Bishop of Milan, d. 397.; Humfrey, Richard.	1637 (1637)	STC 548; ESTC S100171	335,831	469

record of the whole course of holy writ and the perill by intermedling this way whereinto Heliodorus fell alledged for it the Emperour hardly at the last upon much supplication tooke this for an answer Yet so that after this the Adversary againe attempted a new way to pull it from the Church but that the holy Bishop prevented it by restoring what he had received to the Widdow In the meane time the faith of the Church is at safe anchor oppression is not feared because now the matter and substance it selfe on their part not trust and faithfull dealing on our part is in danger CHAP. XXX Who are to bee avoided and who zealously for their godlinesse and pietie to bee followed OH my Sonnes flie from the wicked beware of the envious betweene the wicked and the envious this is the difference The wicked is delighted with his owne good and is onely apparently good an envious man is tormented with another mans prosperitie the one loves what is evill the other hateth what is good insomuch that he is in some sort more tolerable that wisheth a 1 Tim. 5.4.8 well to himselfe then he that wisheth ill to all My Sonnes thinke of that yee doe before hand and when ye have taken b Quicquid aggrediare consulito cum conconsulueris maturè facto est opus time and well thought vpon it then put in practise what standeth with your approbation A laudable death when occasion is offered is to betaken hold of forth with Glory deferred flieth away neither is it easily overtaken Love ye the faith and true devotion because hereby c 2 Kings 2.25 2 Chon 35.24.25 Iosias got the favour of God and the loue of all people Get the favour of God yee that are yong now in the flower of your age as did Iosias celebrating the passeover when he was but eighteene yeeres of age and excelling therein d 2 Kin. 23.22 ver 23. all that went before him Wherefore as he excelled in zeale his superiours so take you to you my sonnes the zeale of the Lord let it enter into every one of your hearts and so inflame you there and set you on fire that ye may truely say the zeale of thy house e Psal 69.9 Iohn 2.17 O Lord hath eaten me vp Among the twelue Apostles there was one styled f Luke 6.15 Zelotes and * doubtlesse not without cause but this might well haue beene Saint Pauls style For he was so in vehemency g Acts 9.1 Gal 1.14 Rom. 9.3 10.1 2 Cor. 11.2.28.29 12.15 Acts 17.16 and heat of nature and much more rightly so in the state of h grace But what doe I speake of the Apostle this divine vertue was most eminent in our i Iohn 2.17 .. 4.34 7.38.37 11 35.38.43 Luke 19.41.32 Marke 7.34 Mat. 9.35 Luk. 21.27 Saviour whose president is without paralell and aboue all exception to cut off all coulour of reasoning against the same and pressing together with his whole active obedience vnto primarie imitation in all his disciples Let therefore this divine k Iames 3.13 standing 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in the meeknesse of wisdome zeale of his be in you not that humane l v. 14. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which envy begetteth For where m v. 16. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 envie and strife is there is sedition and all manner of evill worke Let the peace n Philippians 4 7. of God which passeth all vnderstanding be among you and preserve your hearts and minds in Christ Iesu Love yee one o 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Rom. 12.10 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 1 Thess 4.9 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Iames 3.17 1 Pet 1.22 another as brethren without faining from a pure heart fervently There is nothing more sweet then p Phil. 4.1 love nothing more acceptable then peace And yee your selves know that I haue alwaies heretofore loved you aboue others which I doe likewise at this present and shall also labour to doe hereafter respectiuely and that the same may dayly q Thes 3.12 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 abound toward you more and more Wherefore as the sonnes of one Father yee are growen together in my bowels in like affection towards you as toward brother germans and all of you strongly and deepely seated in my loue Hold fast therefore that which is r 1 Thes 5.21 good and the God of peace and ſ Heb. 13.20 loue t 1 Iohn 4.8 shall be with you in the Lord Iesu to whom with the holy Spirit bee ascribed all honour glory magnificence power prayse and thankesgiving now and evermore Amen CHRISTIAN OFFICES CRYSTALL GLASSE OR THE THIRD BOOKE OF the godly learned and ancient Father of the Latine Church St Ambrose the famous B. of Millan his Offices WHICH WORKE IS CAREFVLLY and clearely also considering the excellent mysterie of style in much obscurity performed and that with due observation of the places of Scripture used therein in greatest varietie and others thereunto pertinent With some reconcilement eftsoones where there may seeme to be disagreement of the Septuagints and the originall of the old Testament IOHN 17.2 This is everlasting life to know thee the only true God and Iesus Christ whom thou hast sent In honestate vitam beatam positam esse minimè dubitamus quam scriptura appellat vitam aeternam Tantus enim splendor honestatis est ut vitam beatam efficiat tranquillitas conscientiae securitas innocentiae Ambros lib. 2. Offic. Cap. 1. LONDON Printed for Iohn Dawson 1637. The Preface THE very appellations themselves of the foure Cardinals which is no more then the first and chiefe upon which the other vertues depend and are subordinate unto because not reduced to those foure heads in Scripture nor bearing there the same names but such as are better knowne and more familiar to them that are acquainted therewith are distasted of some For a Prov. 8.12 19.14 Prudence say they were more clearely expressed by the word Wisdome b Iustice Micah 6.8 Ezech. 18.9 33.15 justice by righteousnesse c Ioshua 1.6.7.9 emets fortis esto meod valdè 1 Sam. 10.12 fortitude by noble courage valiantnesse zeale patience d 2 Pet. 1.6 1 Tim. 3.3 Gal. 5.22 temperance by sobriety forbearance meeknesse But doth not due order and method much availe the memorie be not these also used in the booke of God doth not the Lord himselfe as in the decalogue and Lords prayer comprise the specialties under the generall Where find they in the word in so many letters and sillables Trinity e Iehovah consisting of 4 spiritall letters יהוה and therefore called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ineffable Essence hypostasis person of the Sonne and of the holy Ghost consubstantiall the communication of the f Or proprieties idiomats of both natures in Christ Sacrament or sacramentall participating of the body and

others not only in worke but also in word in integrity and fidelity Such as we would be accounted such let us be in truth and what in affection we harbour the same let us make apparent and exemplary Speake wee not a word tending to unequall and unkind dealing no not in our hearts For doe we suppose any thing to be hid by silence from him that seeth and heareth all things in secret doth worke invisibly hath knowledge of the inward and most intimate bowels and which infuseth the feeling and operation it selfe of what is mured up in these chambers and closets themselves Wherefore let us perswade ourselves whatsoever or wheresoever wee doe speake or b Prov. 5.21 thinke that is not good the same to come before the barre of the common Assises by the Lord the Lord chiefe justice indeed and there to bee set in the view and sight of all c So shall it bee at the great summons of the supreame Iudge men CHAPTER XX. To make greatly for the commendation of men if they adhere to such as are approved for their wisdome and godlinesse Those unequall in age to be delighted in the society of such as are in similitude of manners like them The example of Peter and Iohn is brought for a proofe hereof WHerefore it profiteth very much all men in every respect to be before joyned in acquaintance and friendship with the good It is behovefull likewise for young men to tread in the steppes of men reputed wise and of desert because hee that linketh himselfe in fellowship with the a Prov. 14.7.13.18 prudent is wise b Prov. 22.20 24.21 22. but hee that converseth with the foolish is acknowledged to be an unwise person to be joyned to the good both for instruction and testimonie of honesty we find very commodious To whom young men cleave those they shew themselves to imitate and this opinion prevailes thus farre concerning such that from them they received their similitude of conversation with whom their desire was to be joyned in familiarity Thence became Ioshua so great because his conjunction with Moses did not only instruct him in the Law but also sanctified him in grace When in his c Exod. 33.7 Or Ohel-Moed of the congregation Tabernacle the divine presence and maiesty did appeare in glory then was Ioshua there alone to d Ver. 11. behold it when Moses spake with God then was Ioshua covered with the sacred cloud when the preists and people attented below then did Ioshua ascend vp the mount with Moses to receiue the Law All the people was within the campe e Exod. 24.13.14 Ioshua without the campe in the tabernacle of the testimony and when the piller of the cloud did descend thither and spake with Moses he stood by him and assisted as a faithfull minister in whatsoever service Neither did this yong man depart out of the tabernacle when the elders themselues fearing the divine miracles were willed to wait afar off Every where therefore amiddest the admirable workes and highly to be reverenced secrets did he ioyne himselfe vnseparably to holy Moses whence it came to passe that he which was his associate in assistance should be his f Exod. 33.8.11 successor in authority And worthily grew he to that authority and power with the Lord that at his instance he made the flouds of g Deut. 31.3.7 Iordan stay themselues in their course and that he said to the sunne h Ioshua 3.7.11.13 in the firmament stand thou still and it obeyed his voice the one vntill the people were passed over the other deferring the night and prolonging the day was a joyfull spectator of his most honourable victory over five Princes what was denied i Iosh 10.12 to Moses was granted to him and he was only elected to conduct the people into the land of promise g Deut. 31.3.7 He was a man mighty in miracles mighty in triumphs through the strength of faith Moses acts were more illustrious and of higher renowne his more successefull and prosperous in the state military and of possession Both of them relying vpon divine grace proceeded beyond humane condition He commanded the sea this the heaven he the ayre and rocks for food and water this the day and night with their lampes and luminaries for joy and conquest A faire and sweete couple therefore are they old and youthfull senior and servant The one excells in testimonie the other in solace the one in magisteriall power the other in delightfull passage I omit that Lot being a young man adhered to Abraham and lest any one might thinke that he did it because of propinquity of bloud or of necessity and not voluntarily the story mentioneth that he did it k Gen. 12.4 when he departed out of his countrie that we might vnderstand that it was with the same resolution of his vncle Abraham l Ver. 7. 1 Kings 19.20 which was to serue the Lord sincerely What shall we say of Helias and Heliseus For albeit the Scripture doth not signifie Helizeus to bee a yong m Ahab reigned yeares 22. and Eliah was translated in the dayes of Iehoram Iehu reigned yeares 28. 2 Kings 10.36 his sonne Ioahaz reigned 17. Elisha died not vntill the dayes of Ioash 2 Kings 13.14.20 man yet wee may easily obserue and collect that hee was n Acts 15.39.40 yonger then his Lord Helias In the Acts o of the Apostles Barnabas tooke vnto him Marke Paul Silas Timotheus Titus But in the superiours wee see the offices so divided that the Seniors were for counsell q Tit. 1.4.5 the juniors for the ministery r Vita immaculata bonae senectutis stipendium est Where the same therfore is there is the like reverence and reward due to old age For the longest life can gaine no more but is most blessed if it obtaine that For the most part likewise they were like in vertues vnlike in age delighting themselues in the fellowship one of another as did also Peter and Iohn And Iohn to be a yong man we reade in the Gospell and that in his owne writings yet second to none of the seniors in wisedome and deserts For in his holy conversation there was venerable old age and gray-headed wisedome For immaculate life p Acts 16.1 is the stipend and guerdon of good and grave old age CHAP. XXI Of the praise of pitty and hospitality and of the evill of prodigality with the vanity of popular grace depending thereupon and this is principally taxed in the ministery wherein all things ought to be done decently and in order THis helpeth forward also thy good estimation if thou deliver the poore out of the hands of the mighty and the condemned a Prov. 24.11 from death as farre as thou maist doe it without the perturbation of justice But while thou gettest reputation thou must beware that thou makest not it the end of thy good actions and not

ministers are deprived of their publike reliefe What a tumultuous noyse of words doth here breake forth Contrariwise wee when by their novell constitutions we are deprived of the benefit of our owne private succession into the proper possession of our fathers doe not so much as once open our mouthes For how great an injury soever we judge it none at all because a Hebr. 10.34 Phil. 1.21 nothing grieved at the losse If a Priest of our order doe seeke by some priviledge to be eased of the burden of paiments imposed by law upon the Commons hee cannot be heard and if he deny it A Comparison betweene the Gentile priests and the Christian in respect of the priviledges hee must forsake whatsoever possession his father and grandfather left him What an aggravating of complaints would there be in the Gentile should his Priest purchase himselfe leasure and meanes with the losse of his patrimonie to practise his ministerie and being a private person should buy the use of all publike service with the expence of all his owne commodities watching for the common good should comfort himselfe with the recompence of poverty neither should sell his ministery but bring credit to it by preaching freely Lay our condition with yours Yee will excuse a publike officer among you from publike burden but for any of us of the Clergy yee will admit in that case no excuse The servants belonging to your Temples are permitted to make their Testaments none so prophane none so base none so prodigall of his continency but hee is allowed to doe it only among all men we that belong to the Church are debarred from injoying that law of making our Testaments which yet we alone in publick place pray for all wee alone execute all holy duties for the benefit of all beside no legacies no donations no not so much as of the gravest widowes are suffred by their last will and testament to be conferred upon us Nay such is our hardy condition that where no fault can be found in our conversation there a mult is laid upon our function And which is more what a Christian widow and whom we have converted to the faith shall bequeath to the Priests of your phane standeth strong in law what to our Church is of no validity Which I mention not by way of complaint but that they may know what it is that I complaine not of Complaint causlesse an effect of the defect of grace For this is that which I doe much desire in you and might take it up as a just complaint of your error on the contrarie that you would begge lesse for gaine and more for grace lesse for favourers of falshood Allegation for deprivation of allowance by Churches of Christians confuted then of the truth But they rejoyne that what was bestowed any way on our Church they wronged us not therein neither interverted nor unhallowed the use of the same Let them tell me which of us have taken away at any time the goods of their Temples and let them deny it if b Pompey Euseb lib. 1. Cap. 7. who ransacked Ierusal and the temple and carried Aristobulus the high Priest to Rome Histories are full of such presid Nabuchadnez Baltas Titus Vesp. Dioclesian Iulian Licinius Maximinus Maximus and a world beside But that of the mentioned Maximinus is most punctuall who by convulsions of grievous diseases was constrained to send out his proclamation in the behalfe of the Christians wherein was inserted these words Wee thought good to extend our favourable Clemency that the Christians may be tolerated againe and that they repaire againe the places where they may meet together Euseb lib. 8. cap. 18. and of Nero that of Orosius lib. 7. ipse Primus Romae Christianos supplicijs mortibus exposuit per omnes provincias excruciari praecepit The Apostle speakes not only of the spoiling of the goods of Christians and the resisting unto bloud of some Heb. 12.4 but of their wandring in wildernesses c. Heb. 11.38 which why was it but that their Oratories were destroyed they can that they tooke them away from time to time from our Christian Churches Which had it beene done to you Gentiles by us the wrong had not beene so soone offered as requited and repaid us home to the double Where was the sentence of justice and equitie then I pray you when taking away violently the goods of the Christians yee did repine at the very vitall breath of their nostrils and did deny which never was heard of among the most brutish Savages the commerce of common c Eusebius lib. 8. Cap. 24. 25. Psal 79.3 buriall The Gentiles hurled their bodyes not only dead but living too without all mercy into the devouring seas yet behold this mercilesse element became more compassionate then they and restored them d Ibid. chap. 6. in the bloudy persecution of Dioclesian which was the 10. cruellest of all the rest and neerest to these times were many throwne away wilfully upon the seas and not unlikely but some of these might escape with life as did Ionas to land This is the victorie of e 1 Iohn 5.4 faith And beside they now themselves carpe at the deeds of their owne fathers but to seeke for reliefe out of their gifts whose acts they condemne what makes this for the bettering of their cause * Allegation that Christian Princes tooke away ought given under the name only of holy uses refuted Notwithstanding no man hath denied them what hath beene given to their Temples as to an holy use or by legacie to their Soothsayers only their farmes were taken away because though they defended them to belong to them by right of religion yet they used them not religiously They which doe make use of our example why did they not use their Office to the right imploiment of them The Church hath nothing in possession save faith and trust This is her portion no other rents no f When our Author thus speaketh hee excludeth not decimas jure morali Gentium debitas but claimeth these as the Churches right in his Commentaries upon 1 Cor. 9. and upon Galat. 6. other profits doe accrue to her The possessions of the Church are the portion of the g There were 3. kinds of Tithes in the old Testam the first were commons given to the Levites in recompence of the twelfth part of the earth Levit. 27.30 2. Decimae decimarum which the Levites paid ex decimis to the priests Numb 18.29 3 Decimae pauperum which every three yeare the earth did yeeld not only to the Levites but were common together with them to the poore widowes fatherlesse and strangers Deut. 14.28 Gregories Decree to Austen the Monke was no more then for the fourth partition The story of Laurence the Deacon and Martyr is very remarkable herein who when the tyrant Galienus sought to get away the treasure of the Church brought forth the