complains and demands reparation for the affront But the House of Commons approve Sir John Hotham's Fact and vote that the King had violated the Priviledges of Parliament in proclaiming a Member of the House guilty of Treason Before he was heard in their House they give Orders to the Earl of Warwick to send some Souldiers from on board into the Town and to transport the Magazine from thence to London But Sir John Hotham repenting too late when he perceived that these Sparks had put the whole Country into a flame having afterwards obtained pardon and being about to deliver up the Town to the King was taken and payed to the Parliament what he owed to the King both he and his Son being beheaded Amongst these preludes to War there is some mention and hopes of peace for after some months the Parliament send an Answer to the King's Proposals which he made at Windsor upon his departure for the North in nineteen Articles or Demands of which this is the sum 1. That all the King's Privy-Council great Officers and Ministers of State may be put out excepting such as the Parliament shall approve and to assigne them an Oath 2. That all affairs of State be managed by the Parliament except such matters as are transferred by them to the Privy-Council and to be concluded by the major part of the Nobility under their hands the full number not to exceed 25 nor under 15 and if any place fall void in the interval of Parliament then the major part of the Council to chuse one to be confirmed at the next Session of Parliament 3. That all the great Officers of the Kingdom shall be chosen with approbation of Parliament c. as before said 4. The government and education of the King's Children by Parliament c. ut supra 5. Their Marriages to be treated and concluded by Parliament c. 6. The Laws against Papists Priests and others be executed without Toleration or Dispensation except by Parliament 7. No Popish Lord or Peer to have vote in Parliament and their children to be educated in the Protestant Faith 8. To Reform Church-government as the Parliament shall advise 9. To settle the Militia as the Parliament have ordered and for the King to recal all his Declarations published against their Ordinances therein 10. All Privy-Counsellers and Judges to take Oath for maintenance of the Petition of Right and other Statutes which shall be made this Parliament 11. All Officers placed by Parliament to hold their places quam diu bene se gesserint 12. All Members of Parliament put out during this time be restored again 13. The Justice of Parliament to pass upon all Delinquents and they to appear or abide their censure 14. The general Pardon to pass with Exceptions as the Parliament shall advise 15. All Forts and Castles of the Kingdom to be disposed of by Parliament ut supra 16. The King to discharge all his Guards and Forces now in being and not to raise any other but in case of actual Rebellion 17. The King to enter into a strict Alliance with all Reformed States for their assistance to recover the Rights of his Royal Sister and her Princely Issue to those Dignities and Dominions which belong unto them 18. To clear the Lord Kimbolton and the five Members by Act of Parliament 19. No Peer hereafter to be made shall sit in Parliament without their consent And these Articles being confirmed the Parliament engage to make him a happy Prince To these Commands rather than Articles of Peace being such as were more proper to move Indignation than to gain an Assent the King sends an Answer by two noble and discreet Lords the Marquess of Hertford and the Earl of Southampton who were enjoyned to treat on more equal terms in the House of Lords But they not being admitted the Treaty came to nothing And because in this place we have made mention of Peace and Proposals we are to take notice that afterwards in the heat of the War at the instance of the King Propositions of Peace being mutually sent and Commissioners on both sides twice meeting to treat about it nothing could be effected and mostly by the Parliaments fault For seeing they proposed such severe Conditions on their own parts and which tended onely to their own advantages and the King on the other hand such just and equitable Terms more favourable to the Parliament and State than to himself and Family the People began to be enraged and to fall off dayly from the Parliament The King of France also how sincerely I shall not judge and the States of the Vnited Provinces interposed for accommodating the differences but were rejected by the Parliament and the Scots who likewise offered to mediate were refused by the King as partial But farewel Peace Bellona is now at the doors The People being in the disposition we mentioned before Deputies were sent with Commissions into all the Counties and the Parliamentarian Rebels by force and their own authority invade the Militia which they could not obtain from the King by petitioning The King on the contrary commands them to desist upon pain of Treason citing the Act of the 25 Edw. 3. whereby To contrive the death of the King Queen or Prince to violate the Queen or the Wife of the Prince to take up Arms against the King to assist the Kings enemies within or without the Kingdom to counterfeit the great Seal or Kings Coyn are for the future declared to be Treason having also alleadged other Acts whereby it is declared That the power of the Militia and taking up of Arms belongs onely to the King But they make answer That the Letter of the Law is for the King but the mind of it for them That it is not forbidden to take up Arms against the Kings Person but against his Authority which being in all Courts of Judicature was most eminently in the Parliament To this the King replies That that distinction was condemned above three hundred years since when the Spencers under that cover carrying on Sedition were condemned to death by the Parliament That besides the present Parliament was not free but the better part of the Members being excluded the rest were slaves to the Faction These courses taking no effect the King also sends Deputies into all Counties with authority from his Majesty to array and arm the Subjects and to have fit men in readiness if necessity should require for suppressing Rebellions and Seditions And from this we may date our Sorrows and Calamities whilst the King endeavouring to maintain his ancient Rights and they again to invade them War breaks out in the Kingdom But the Match was unequal on what side soever the Right stood The Parliament superiour in strength prevails and in most Counties usurps the Government the Royal Cause being very weak and in a few Counties struggling for life With no greater
most valiant General in War not onely to be compared to the chief Commanders of his own age but to the most renowned Warriours of elder times and of so great reputation he was in Military affairs that the modestest do acknowledge too great a Courage in Albemarle He spent almost his whole life in Arms and at length growing old amidst Victories he became gray-headed under a Helmet In Britain and Ireland by Sea and by Land so happy was Albemarle that Fortune traced out for him Honour Renown and Titles He had indeed a hidden and a silent kind of Sagacity in the management of affairs and improved almost all the Arts of Prudence by Silence He had a Modesty that set off all the other Virtues of his Mind nor was he ever heard to brag of what he had done or deserved The Fame of so great a man doubtless inferiour to no other Mortal will propagate it self to Posterity who without Pride or Ostentation gratified a banished Prince with so signal Services and onely rejoyced in the conscientious performance of his Duty and Obedience Nor after the Restauration of Charles did he behave himself as a Colleague in the Government as Mucianus was of old reported to have done to Vespasian but as a Servant neither did he ever boast that having the Power in his own hands he had bestowed it upon another whereby he burned to his glory the Arrogance of the Rump and the Impudence of Cromwel his Loyalty inclining him more to give up than his Ambition to retain the Government We may moreover reckon Albemarle happy not onely in the greatness of the Action but also in the seasonableness of the Service That he brought back the Government to a Prince of so just and good a temper who put so true an estimate upon his Loyalty and under whom it would never be unsafe nor dangerous to deserve the most For good Offices are acceptable especially to Kings so long as the obliged think they may be able to requite them but when they are too great to be rewarded instead of Thanks they procure Hatred And it is rare and almost unusual for Princes to think themselves obliged or if they think so to love their Benefactors Peace being now established at home and Janus his Temple shut Albemarle departed the more joyfully out of this life that when he left no Troubles in Britain yet he left behind him a Love for himself in the hearts of all good men so much the more wanted that he had taken care that nothing should be wanting having left nothing in the State but his own death to be bewailed the King flourishing in his Government and the Loyalty of the Parliament as yet vieing with the modesty of the Prince Every one enjoyed the happiness they desired at home and Peace with all Nations abroad till the League-breaking Dutch again provoked the English Arms. But the Actions of that War the steddy Fortune of the British Nation and the future Triumphs of CHARLES I have set aside as a subject for my more advanced years FINIS A Table to the Third Part. A. ALbemarle vid. Monk Army disbanded 52 B. Bishops restored 51 Booth Sir George his Insurrection 8 C. Committee of Safety 13 Commissioners from the Parliament wait on the King at Breda 44 Conventicles supprest 73 Covenant burnt by the Hangman 66 Cowley Abraham 99 D. De Wit 76 Dutch War beginning and occasion 74. The first Engagement 81. The second 87. The third 88. the fourth 90. The fifth 92. Their Attempt at Chatham 98. Peace concluded 98. F. Fanaticks rise but are supprest 72 G. Gloucester Duke dies 52 K. King Charles 2. Comes to Breda 42. Lands at Dover 46 Enters London 47. His Coronation 61. Marries the Infanta of Portugal 69. L. Lambert proclaimed a Traytor 40. Committed to the Tower 41. Condemn'd but obtains mercy 71. Libels 73 The Liturgie and Ceremonies of the Church confirm'd and establish'd by Act of Parliament 71 London the great Plague there 84. The great Fire there 94. Rebuilt 99 100. M. Monk Sir George 6 13 inf His famous march into England 25. Enters London 28. Admits the secluded Members 36. Receives Letters from the King 37. Created Duke of Albemarle 51. A short account of his Life and Death 102 inf His Character 105. O. Oblivion Act 52 Great Officers upon the Kings Restoration 51 Orange Princess dies in England 60 Oxford the Court and Term there 85. The new Theatre there built 101. P. Parliament the long one dissolved 41. A new one meet 42. A new one call'd by the King 66. Physicians Colledge visited by the King 78 Q. Queen-Mother dies 101 R. Recapitulation of things past 1 Regicides brought to Tryal 53. Their several Characters 54 55 56 57 58 67 68 70. Rump-Government 5. inf Rump and Army at variance 10. S. Solemn League and Covenant burnt by the Hangman 66 V. Uly-Island and Ships there burnt by the English 93 Y. York Duke made Lord High Admiral 50. His great Victory at Sea 81. The Right of Kings in England In the person of a Monarch for above a thousand years And he hereditary And never dying To him all swear Allegiance and Supremacy The Prerogatives of the K. or chief marks of Majesty and the Regalia belong onely to the King So that all Estates and Possessions are derived from him and to him return at last He hath the care of Pupils and Lunaticks The power of coyning Money He confers all Honours and Offices Which are to be administred in his name alone His power in matters of War Also in Ecclesiastical affairs He moderates the rigour of Laws And judges in undecided cases He chuses his own Counsellors He that mounts the Throne is never to be brought to the Bar since the Law says he cannot die Nor can he err or do wrong But as he offends by his Ministers so is he punished The Heir of the Crown is by the death of his Predecessor ipso facto cleared from all guilt Yet it is not lawful to rule arbitrarily VVhat Rights belong to Parliaments To make and repeal Laws Impose Taxes Legitimate Bastards Enact the VVorship of God Set Rates on VVeights and Measures VVhat the Parliament of England is The Vpper House of it The Lower The time and place appointed by the King They are called by VVrits The manner of meeting The King declares the causes of their meeting in the Vpper House All and every one of the Members of the House of Commons take the Oath of Allegiance to the King And of Supremacy They chuse a Speaker whom they accompany to the King beseeching his Majesty to approve their Election And not to be offended with their freedom in speech ☞ All may petition but by the mediation of Deputies The way of debating and communicating opinions betwixt both Houses By the Kings consent the Bills are made Laws Or otherwise rejected Religious matters aâ—â—ommitâ—ed by the Kiâ—g to
States make and unmake Laws Prosâ—ribe Forfeit and take to themselves the absolute Power over the Lives and Fortunes of all The Articles or Engagements that they entered in were to this purpose That all should enjoy their Liberties and Properties That there be a fixed and determinate proceeding in Law That all Crimes relating to the change of Government be abolished That all Statutes and Ordinances remain in force until the contrary be Enacted That Publick Debts be punctually paid That no Man believing in the Father Son and Holy Ghost and acknowledging the Holy Bible for the Word of God be debarred from the profession of his Religion except Episcopal-Men and Papists That a Zealous and Powerful Ministry be by all means cherished That Colledges and Schools be reformed That at present Fleetwood have the chief Command of the Forces both by Sea and Land That for the future the Parliament have the Legislative Power and the Council of State the Executive That the Protectors Debts be paid and that he have a Liberal Pension of Ten thousand pounds yearly during Life and ten thousand more in Inheritance And that his Mother also during Life have eight thousand pounds yearly out of the Exchequer The Parricides being bound to these Articles take their Seats again in the Parliament-House but how much they valued them they make it quickly manifest In the mean time many of the old Members to the number of above three hundred who had been secluded heretofore by the Officers of the Army though they believed the Parliament to be dissolved by the Death of Charles the First and the Abrogation of the House of Lords yet that they might avoid other Inconveniencies desiring to be readmitted are carefully kept out Some few Days after they send Commissioners to Richard to ask him the Question How he liked the change of Government and what Debts he owed that wheadling him with the hopes of kind usage they might draw from him a voluntary renunciation of the Authority He makes answer That he thought it reasonable that he should submit to their Authority from whom he must expect protection that his Steward should give them an account of his Debts But nothing but a formal and express resignation would please them to which he seemed chearfully to give his assent And now at length he is commanded to deliver up all the Goods and Houshold Furniture not so much as reserving to himself any Gold or Silver Jewels or Hangings Linnen or any other Goods that might have been pack'd up in a small bulk all are adjudged to the Exchequer Thus stript of all he is commanded to depart out of Whitehall liable to the Actions of all his Creditors and perhaps to have been tried for his Life had they not had other Fish to fry Behold the perfidiousness of Mortal Men and a wonderful instance of Divine Providence which presides over and alters Humane Affairs and Governments as it seemeth Good to the Amighty He who just now swayed the Scepter of three Kingdoms forced by the Calamities of a tedious Civil War to truckle under his Vicegerents three old Commanders to wit his Brother Brother-in-law and a third whom Cromwell had obliged by many and great Favours he I say in the short space of one year is craftily turned out of all and now stript of his borrowed Plumes he becomes the object of the Raillery of Poets and Painters and being sufficiently lasht with the giibes and reproaches both of the Parricides and Rabble as of old the Dictator was called from the Plough so now the Protector is sent back to the Plough A Chronological Table FOR THE SECOND PART MDCXLIX DOrislaus by some Scots killed in Holland The Marquess of Ormond Lieutenant of Ireland makes a Truce with the Irish Having raised an Army he besieges Dublin Jones routs his Forces and raises the Siege Cromwell General of the Rebels in Ireland arrives at Dublin Cromwell takes Drogheda cruelly abusing his Victory MDCL Cromwell takes Kilkenny the Seat of the Irish Council by a Surrender Leaving Ireton his Son-in-Law in Ireland he returns to England Ascham Embassador from the Regicides is killed at Madrid The Marquess of Montross Commissioner of Scotland overcome in Battel is betrayed and taken And basely used by the Scots is put to death at Edinburgh King CHARLES having Articled with the Scots sails into Scotland Fairfax laying down his Comission Cromwell is declared General of all the Forces in England Scotland and Ireland Cromwell leads an Army into Scotland Eusebius Andrews is beheaded at London Cromwell defeats the Scots in a bloody Battel at Dunbar William Prince of Orange dies MDCL LI CHARLES the Second is Crowned in Scotland He enters England with an Army of Scots Easily possesses himself of Worcester James Earl of Derby is by Lilburn routed at Wiggan The Scots being beat by Cromwell at Worcester the King escapes Cromwell in triumph enters London The King after many dangers at length arives in Normandy The Isle of Jersey reduced by Haines James Earl of Derby Lord of Mann is put to death His Lady Carlotta generously but in vain defends the Isle of Mann Henry Ireton Son-in-law to Cromwell dies at Limerick in Ireland MDCLI LII Aiskew takes the Island of Barbadoes by surrender An Act of Oblivion is past in the Rump Parliament St. Johns and Strickland are sent to Holland The first fight at Sea between Blake and Trump Aiskew beats the Dutch at Sea near Plimouth Blake beats the Dutch again MDCLII LIII The English and Dutch fight in the Streights Cromwell dissolves the Rump Parliament after twelve years Tyrannical Vsurpation Yet he calls a new one to which he commits the Government The Dutch send four Embassadours into England to treat of Peace Monck in a great Sea-engagement beats the Dutch Trump being slain Some Portuguese commit a Riot in the New Exchange in the Strand The Mock Parliament resigns up the Government to Cromwell Oliver Cromwell with the Title of Protector takes upon him the Administration of the Government MDCLIV Cromwell makes Peace with the Dutch Don Pantaleon Sa brother to the Portugal Embassadour and John Gerard are beheaded Cromwell calls a Mock Parliament which meets at Westminster Cromwell makes the Members swear Fealty to him King CHARLES leaving France goes to Colen He sends for his Brother Henry Duke of Glocester MDCLIV LV. Cromwell dissolves his Mock-Parliament The Cavaliers stir but in vain in several places of England Wagstaff possesses himself of Salisbury Penruddock and Groves are beheaded at Exeter Henry Cromwells younger Son made Deputy of Ireland The Marquess of Leda the Spanish Embassadour comes to London Pen and Venables Commanders of the Fleet and Army take the Island
Name by any kind of Villany Peters a Fanatical Tub-preacher and the Jack-pudding of the Ordinances Sometimes he was Presbyterian and sometimes Independant as the several Factions prevailed He was the first of the Jugglers that from the Pulpit sounded the Trumpet to Civil War a fellow full of talk and had a knack of sporting the People into Sedition with an insipid kind of Buffoonry and Lying which past with them for Eloquence and became a Crony of Oliver's by a flagitious compliance October the seventh Clements Scot Jones and Scroop suffered the same death upon the same Gibbet without any regard had to a decent end Clements was heretofore a Merchant in London a lustful mercenary Traytor who abused his Parliamentarian Authority to Whoredom and Leachery Jones brought nothing with him out of Wales his native Country but Infamy and an ignoble Extraction he was first a Robber and for his excessive wickedness preferred to be a Colonel he married Cromwel's Sister who then enriched his Relations with the Spoils of the Commonwealth nor was he less related to Oliver by Affinity than Villany and to many men prejudicial by his ill nature Scot sprung out of a Brew-house and amongst other Calamities of the Civil War was admitted into the Parliament-house and of all the Traytors perhaps was the most inveterate Enemy to Charles the Martyr of which Villany he bragg'd to the last and so rejoyced in the Kings Murder that he would have Posterity remember him as an Author of so great a Crime and besides the murder of the King was guilty of many other horrid Villanies Of all the Regicides that surrendred themselves Scroop onely was hanged for whether by indiscretion or obstinacy he drew upon himself this ill fortune or that a mans destiny is not to be avoided I shall not determine for after that he had surrendred himself he seemed so much to justifie the Murder of the King that he chose rather to be looked upon as a Criminal than an humble Supplicant Then Hacker and Axtell at Tyburn had the reward of their Treason Hacker formerly in London and Axtell in Bedford had kept shops The Quarters of the Traytors their Bowels being burnt and their Heads were set up upon the Gates and publick places of London The fugitive Regicides being summoned by Proclamation to appear were afterwards by Act of Parliament declared guilty of high-High-Treason and their Estates forfeited Nor did the just severity of the Parliament so punish the living as to quite forget the dead for the like Sentence of High-Treason was pronounced against the deceased Ireton Cromwel Bradshaw and Pride who having whilst alive usurped the Government of the murdered King they with no less impudence when dead were pompously buried in Henry the Seventh's Chappel the burying-place of Kings of England The Parliament therefore ordered their Bones and stinking Carcasses to be raised and buried under Tyburn and in this posthumous disgrace being dragg'd through the City they had a Gibbet-interment I think it will not be amiss to give the Reader an account of the Original of the last named Traytors so famed for enormous Villanies which here I shall once for all subjoyn Ireton of a mean Extraction was Cromwel's Son-in-law and the Confident and Counsellor of all his secret Villanies who though to all others he was most hidden and reserved yet to this man he opened his heart as he on the other hand was reported not onely to have kept his Counsels but also to have advised him to act many of his worst Villanies He was esteemed the best Orator of all the Colonels and had a canting kind of preaching Rhetorick more copious than eloquent Pride descended of unknown Parents and was Dray-man to a Brewer but within a short time the affairs of England being in confusion the rough-hewn Clown was dignified and made proud by the Title and Authority of a Colonel nor is it certain whether he was the greater Knave or Fool. Bradshaw was of the fatal High Court of Justice the more fatal President a Lawyer of no account at the Bar till being bribed by money he got himself a name by a most execrable Villany The Scarletrobed Brauler and hardly more innocent than Pilate surpassed the wickedness of all the rest of the Kings Murderers by his boldness in condemning an innocent Prince and adding malicious scoffs to the impudence of the Fact without any Reverence to Captive Majesty Cromwel indeed came of a better Race but which he himself for ever disgraced The ancient dignity of his Family by the name of Williams changed afterward by his Ancestors in the time of Henry the Eighth to that of Cromwel had its original from a Blacksmith His Youth was loose infamous and debauched but having run out his Estate and from a prodigal Rogue turning Puritan and then Fanatick like another Cataline incited by Beggary he ventured upon the overthrow of the State Bearing a mind above a private condition he still appeared as a private person and had the art to set himself off undiscerned He had a wonderful dexterity amongst the Fanatick Rout in whose opprobrious friendship he chiefly delighted of winning upon the minds of the Rebels shaking his bald pate and smiling with a deceitful Countenance he was by Nature and Art excellently disposed for alluring the affections of the Dissenters nor do I know whether amongst mortal men there was even a cunniner Artist in pretended Piety a wickeder or more crafty man and bolder in attempting any Villany But by what deceitful grinning Arts having overturned the Parliament and murdered the King he raised himself to Supreme Power many great Wits and able Pens have already described Much he did in War but more by Perfidiousness Hypocrisie Perjury and Falshood More cruel he was than the ancient Tyrants whose Manners and Examples he imitated with Tiberius he was subtile and suspicacious He had a crafty disposition with a jealous head and delighted in none of his Virtues so much as in Dissimulation more easily concealing Hatred than Fear Nero he acted in the slaughter of his best Country-men nor was he unlike him in driving a Coach His Countenance carried the bloudy complexion of Domitian and a redness that fortified him against Blushing But that he might not onely appear famous through Crimes and Villanies by intervals he made a shew of some great actions not from a principle of Goodness but Ambition nor out of love to Virtue but Vanity and future Glory This alone was wanting to his fortune and our slavery that he had neither a Son nor Successour able to match him Pity it was that that bold Orator or rather Bagpiper was out of the way at the shameful Obsequies of the Traytors that the same hand which reproaching all Kings in Latin vindicated the Party and justified in writing the Crimes of the Parricides now might though a surley lookt School-master have either made a Funeral-Oration
Summer he was advised to order some Frigats to cruise in the Scottish Seas and others in the West about Plimouth thereby on all hands to shut up the British Ocean And by fortifying Sherness and Vpnore-Castle and drawing a Chain cross the River of Medway to secure the Royal Fleet at Chatham which was better advised than executed And now the powerful Kings of France and Sweden by their Embassadours mediate a Peace betwixt the King and the States so that the heat of both Parties being somewhat allied by the mutual losses that two trafficking Nations had sustained in their Trade as well as otherwise they both condescend to send Embassadours to Breda to treat of a Peace But the English trusting to a Truce or Cessation of Hostilities in order to a Pacification laid aside all thoughts of War and the Guard-ships were far off at Sea A part of the Dutch Fleet in the mean time entering Chatham-River and having forced the Garrisons on the shore and broken the Iron-Chain that was too weak to make a resistance fell upon the Kings Fleet which had often chased them lying mored in the River unrigged and unprovided of Sea-men and Souldiers Our Frigats were burnt by the Dutch Fire-ships and others snatched not carried away in triumph to the reproach no less of the Dutch Knavery than of our own vain Security a loss so much the greater by how much it cost the Enemy the less The King in the mean time passing by the Treachery of that People and conquering his own Resentment for the present performed his Promise and that he might not delay the Treaty of Peace sent the Lord Hollis one of his Majesties Privy-Council and Henry Coventry on the Prudence of which two the King much relied as his Embassadours for carrying on the Peace which at length was concluded at Breda upon no less honourable Conditions than what the King had demanded before the War And now this Naval War carried on by the successful Valour of York the Courage of Prince Rupert and Albemarle is at length terminated in a most specious Peace but such as drew the fate of that perfidious People upon themselves the beginning of the fall of the Vnited Provinces being to be calculated from that War The King was not a little inclined to facilitate the profitable Peace that the Citizens might have time to rebuild the City And the War being now over he made it his care to erect to himself Trophies of Glory upon the Ruines and Rubbish of London instead of a wooden City which he had lost laying the foundations of one of Brick that might more powerfully resist the flames Nor were the Citizens allowed to build at their pleasure but the streets being first staked out and enlarged on each side every one built their houses in a strait and equal front London rising again with so much beauty and uniformity that the loss of the old City was hardly regreted October the twenty third the King being honourably received in the City laid the first Stone in the foundation of the Royal Exchange the next was laid by the Duke of York an auspicuous Presage of the splendour of the Structure The loss of a memorable and much-lamented person must here have an honourable mention in our Annals For this year Abraham Couley a man of famed Wit both at home and abroad and for his delightful Learning a Companion to the chief of the Nobility of England departed this life His Poetical fancy seemed to be inspired with some divine breath which in sweet numbers the Monuments of his own glory after Maro and the delights of Rome equalled the Raptures of Pindar and the Gracefulness of Athens No man was more sublime nor modest than he and he lived with the same politeness and grace as he wrote in Verse and Manners being equally conspicuous The next year was taken up in building of the City with so great magnificence of modern Pomp that it might be thought that the Citizens in digging and clearing the Ground had found Mines of Gold amongst the Rubbish of the Ruines Nor will it be more the wonder of this than of future Ages that during the calamity of a dangerous War and amidst the many losses of Merchants there still remained in the hands of the Citizens such vast stocks of Money to build new and stately houses and in their minds so much resolution as in time of War to promote the works of Peace For now in less than the space of three years a new City was raised which being purged by Fire and having expiated its former Offences recovered more than its ancient Vigour and Glory The Fame of the Roman Virtue will hardly sound so loud in future Ages in that Lands were bought and sold at Rome whilst Hannibal was at the Gates of the City when now it may be heard that after a late and devouring Plague after a lamentable Fire that laid the City in Ashes and whilst three most powerful Nations were in War with us The English still retained that confidence of their own fortune and height of mind as to resolve and to be able to lay the Foundations of a new and so magnificent a City and that under so much Affliction they dared to look beyond their Calamities And that there might be a standing Monument of the sad Conflagration or rather a Trophy of the Cities Restauration the Citizens of London growing greater in their Misfortune and magnificent in their Adversity erected in the place where the dreadful Fire began a Lofty Pillar one hundred and seventy foot high all of Portland Stone not much inferiour to Marble And that we may not always have need to return to ancient Annals for Monuments of magnificence this year Gilbert Sheldon after the death of Juxon Archbishop of Canterbury perfected the Theatre of Oxford a lasting Temple of the Muses and a Capitol consecrated to Apollo which he dedicated as a Circle to the learned Exercises and Acts of the Gown and a new Ornament to the Vniversity finished at his own vast charges and by the advice and contrivance of Sir Christopher Wren a most ingenious Architect and Mathematician On the outside the Beholder may admire the magnificence of the Structure and within be delighted with the comliness and beauty of the Theatre being incompassed around with lofty and regular Benches for the convenience of Spectators Underneath is to be seen a most excellent and well-contrived Printing-house All which will be a lasting Monument of the Founders Fame so long as men can speak in his Theatre or Books be printed at his Press Last year the Duke of Ormond returned into England after he had with the reputation of extraordinary Wisdom governed Ireland as Lord-Lieutenant for the space of seven years and this year the Lord Roberts a Person of great Integrity Prudence and Worth succeeded in that Government In the mean time