the_o bishop_n in_o chief_a and_o upon_o the_o presbyter_n in_o consequence_n whether_o in_o private_a upon_o particular_a occasion_n whereof_o we_o find_v much_o argument_n of_o practice_n in_o s._n cyprian_n epistle_n or_o in_o public_a in_o the_o assembly_n of_o christian_n for_o thus_o the_o matter_n go_v afterward_o the_o principal_a part_n and_o office_n of_o divine_a service_n that_o be_v the_o sermon_n and_o the_o celebration_n of_o the_o eucharist_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v reserve_v to_o the_o bishop_n in_o honour_n of_o his_o place_n and_o the_o eminence_n of_o it_o unless_o he_o be_v absent_a or_o it_o be_v dispose_v of_o otherwise_o which_o i_o take_v to_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o justine_n martyr_n in_o the_o place_n allege_v afore_o relate_v that_o the_o sermon_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v make_v and_o the_o eucharist_n celebrate_v by_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o name_n comprise_v bishop_n and_o presbyter_n both_o as_o have_v be_v say_v because_o the_o office_n belong_v to_o the_o bishop_n in_o the_o first_o place_n to_o the_o presbyter_n in_o case_n of_o his_o absence_n or_o the_o like_a and_o you_o shall_v hear_v even_o now_o ignatius_n his_o argument_n to_o persuade_v the_o ephesian_n not_o to_o assemble_v for_o the_o eucharist_n but_o with_o the_o bishop_n for_o say_v he_o if_o the_o prayer_n of_o one_o or_o two_o have_v that_o force_n that_o christ_n be_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o they_o much_o more_o the_o prayer_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o church_n therefore_o it_o be_v the_o bishop_n who_o prayer_n the_o eucharist_n be_v celebrate_v with_o and_o in_o the_o life_n of_o s._n augustine_n be_v relate_v that_o it_o be_v not_o the_o custom_n for_o presbyter_n to_o preach_v in_o the_o church_n of_o africa_n that_o be_v not_o if_o the_o bishop_n be_v present_a whereupon_o the_o bishop_n valerius_n be_v a_o greek_a and_o not_o so_o fit_a to_o speak_v to_o the_o people_n in_o latin_a bring_v that_o into_o use_n there_o which_o he_o have_v see_v practise_v in_o the_o east_n and_o assume_v s._n augustine_n to_o assist_v he_o by_o preach_v in_o his_o presence_n the_o commentary_n under_o s._n ambrose_n his_o name_n so_o often_o allege_v have_v say_v upon_o ephes_n four_o 11._o as_o we_o have_v it_o afore_o that_o at_o the_o first_o all_o sort_v preach_v in_o the_o church_n but_o afterward_o it_o be_v otherwise_o settle_v prosecute_v it_o with_o these_o word_n vnde_fw-la nunc_fw-la neque_fw-la diaconi_fw-la in_o populo_fw-la praedicant_fw-la and_o of_o baptise_v tertullian_n l._n de_n baptist_n c._n 17._o dandi_fw-la quidem_fw-la jus_o habet_fw-la summus_fw-la sacerdos_fw-la id_fw-la est_fw-la episcopus_fw-la dehinc_fw-la presbyteri_fw-la &_o diaconi_fw-la sed_fw-la non_fw-la sine_fw-la autoritate_fw-la episcopi_fw-la propter_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la honorem_fw-la quo_fw-la salvo_fw-la salvapax_fw-la est_fw-la to_o show_v we_o that_o all_o service_n of_o the_o church_n even_o to_o baptize_v belong_v in_o chief_a to_o the_o bishop_n in_o respect_n to_o his_o place_n that_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n the_o presbyter_n be_v silent_a in_o their_o presence_n and_o the_o deacon_n not_o suffer_v at_o all_o to_o preach_v at_o that_o time_n now_o as_o the_o office_n common_a to_o bishop_n and_o presbyter_n be_v and_o be_v see_v in_o the_o service_n of_o the_o church_n so_o be_v it_o also_o see_v in_o appoint_v the_o assembly_n of_o the_o church_n for_o that_o purpose_n this_o we_o have_v here_o to_o observe_v out_o of_o ignatius_n his_o epistle_n in_o consequence_n to_o that_o which_o be_v produce_v afore_o out_o of_o s._n paul_n and_o clemens_n concern_v the_o disorder_n of_o the_o assembly_n at_o corinth_n that_o to_o correct_v they_o and_o to_o prevent_v the_o like_a the_o order_n of_o the_o people_n oblation_n of_o the_o presbyter_n celebrate_v the_o eucharist_n of_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o church_n for_o that_o purpose_n be_v regulate_v by_o the_o appointment_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o presbyter_n his_o word_n be_v these_o epist_n ad_fw-la smyrn_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o without_o the_o bishop_n neither_o the_o people_n may_v bring_v their_o offering_n nor_o presbyter_n consecrate_v the_o eucharist_n nor_o both_o celebrate_v the_o feast_n of_o love_n use_v at_o these_o assembly_n and_o for_o the_o purpose_n of_o this_o particular_a it_o be_v that_o he_o be_v so_o earnest_a and_o frequent_a throughout_o his_o epistle_n in_o exhort_v to_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o bishop_n and_o presbyter_n epist_n ad_fw-la trall_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d he_o that_o be_v within_o the_o altar_n say_v he_o be_v pure_a wherefore_o he_o obey_v the_o bishop_n and_o presbyter_n but_o he_o that_o be_v without_o be_v he_o that_o do_v any_o thing_n without_o the_o bishop_n and_o presbyter_n he_o that_o be_v without_o the_o altar_n in_o ignatius_n his_o term_n that_o do_v thing_n without_o the_o bishop_n and_o presbyter_n be_v mean_v of_o those_o of_o the_o people_n that_o assemble_v or_o those_o of_o the_o presbyter_n that_o celebrate_v the_o eucharist_n without_o the_o bishop_n and_o presbyter_n or_o their_o appointment_n which_o be_v call_v erect_v altar_n against_o altar_n in_o the_o primitive_a time_n for_o so_o ignatius_n again_o in_o the_o epistle_n to_o the_o ephesian_n let_v no_o man_n mistake_v say_v he_o if_o a_o man_n be_v not_o within_o the_o altar_n he_o come_v short_a of_o the_o bread_n of_o god_n for_o if_o the_o prayer_n of_o one_o or_o two_o be_v of_o such_o force_n that_o christ_n stand_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o they_o how_o much_o more_o shall_v the_o prayer_n wherein_o the_o bishop_n and_o church_n agree_v that_o be_v at_o the_o eucharist_n which_o he_o speak_v of_o when_o he_o mention_v the_o bread_n of_o god_n afore_o prevail_a and_o therefore_o in_o the_o end_n of_o that_o epistle_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d obey_v the_o bishop_n and_o presbyter_n without_o distraction_n of_o mind_n break_v one_o bread_n which_o be_v the_o medicine_n of_o immortality_n a_o plain_a case_n the_o intent_n of_o his_o exhortation_n be_v to_o persuade_v they_o to_o assemble_v without_o schism_n because_o that_o to_o assemble_v and_o celebrate_v the_o eucharist_n beside_o the_o bishop_n appointment_n be_v then_o the_o due_a mark_n of_o aschismatick_a and_o that_o the_o presbyter_n concur_v with_o he_o in_o order_v these_o matter_n appear_v by_o the_o obedience_n he_o require_v to_o both_o and_o so_o still_o in_o ignatius_n the_o presbyter_n be_v assistant_n to_o the_o bishop_n in_o all_o thing_n and_o this_o be_v the_o meaning_n of_o that_o vith_z canon_n of_o the_o council_n at_o gangra_n whereof_o the_o tenor_n be_v if_o any_o man_n assemble_v in_o private_a beside_o the_o church_n and_o will_v perform_v ecclesiastical_a office_n in_o contempt_n of_o the_o church_n no_o presbyter_n be_v there_o with_o assent_n of_o the_o bishop_n let_v he_o be_v anathema_n provide_v herein_o against_o schism_n as_o the_o occasion_n of_o that_o council_n evidence_v wherewith_o agree_v the_o xxxii_o canon_n of_o the_o apostle_n and_o in_o the_o viith_z and_o viiith_z canon_n next_o follow_v of_o the_o same_o council_n there_o be_v provision_n against_o bring_v or_o receive_v oblation_n otherwise_o then_o to_o the_o church_n beside_o the_o bishop_n mind_n or_o his_o that_o be_v trust_v for_o these_o thing_n for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o poor_a under_o pain_n of_o anathema_n the_o heaviness_n of_o the_o sentence_n proceed_v upon_o the_o mark_n of_o schism_n which_o the_o action_n forbid_v import_v though_o there_o be_v in_o it_o a_o respect_n to_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o church_n and_o poor_a arise_v for_o that_o time_n out_o of_o the_o oblation_n of_o christian_a people_n the_o disperse_v whereof_o be_v then_o another_o particular_a of_o the_o office_n common_a to_o bishop_n and_o presbyter_n for_o as_o we_o read_v act_n xi_o 29._o that_o the_o benevolence_n of_o the_o brethren_n of_o antiochia_n be_v direct_v to_o the_o elder_n at_o jerusalem_n by_o the_o hand_n of_o barnabas_n and_o saul_n though_o the_o seven_o deacon_n be_v make_v afore_o to_o attend_v upon_o the_o poor_a so_o be_v we_o not_o to_o think_v that_o their_o office_n go_v so_o high_a as_o to_o dispose_v of_o their_o maintenance_n but_o to_o execute_v the_o disposition_n of_o bishop_n and_o presbyter_n for_o when_o the_o church_n of_o antiochia_n maintain_v four_o thousand_o poor_a as_o be_v read_v in_o a_o passage_n of_o s._n chrysostome_n the_o church_n of_o rome_n two_o thousand_o and_o five_o hundred_o in_o cornelius_n his_o time_n as_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o his_o word_n relate_v by_o eusebius_n eccles_n hist_o vi_fw-la 43._o it_o be_v not_o reason_n to_o imagine_v that_o all_o this_o mean_n be_v put_v in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o deacon_n who_o office_n s._n hierome_n well_o express_v when_o he_o call_v they_o mensarum_fw-la ac_fw-la viduarum_fw-la ministros_fw-la as_o those_o that_o minister_v
of_o cleophas_n sister_n of_o the_o bless_a virgin_n the_o wife_n of_o alpheus_n and_o mother_n of_o james_n the_o less_o wherewith_o agree_v clemens_n alexandrinus_n in_o eusebius_n eccles_n hist_o two_o 1._o where_o he_o acknowledge_v but_o two_o james_n the_o son_n of_o zebedee_n and_o this_o james_n of_o jerusalem_n mention_v by_o the_o apostle_n and_o herewith_o agree_v s._n chrysostome_n upon_o that_o text_n of_o the_o apostle_n where_o he_o observe_v that_o for_o s._n james_n his_o honour_n s._n paul_n call_v he_o brother_n of_o our_o lord_n whereas_o he_o may_v as_o well_o have_v call_v he_o son_n of_o cleophas_n as_o the_o evangelist_n have_v do_v here_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o james_n the_o brother_n of_o our_o lord_n and_o son_n of_o cleophas_n be_v the_o apostle_n son_n of_o alpheus_n according_a to_o s._n chrysostome_n as_o for_o that_o which_o follow_v that_o nevertheless_o he_o be_v not_o of_o kin_n to_o our_o lord_n according_a to_o the_o flesh_n but_o according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o world_n it_o seem_v to_o depend_v upon_o hegesippus_n in_o eusebius_n three_o 11_o 26._o where_o he_o make_v cleophas_n brother_n to_o joseph_n suppose_a father_n of_o our_o lord_n which_o be_v possible_a to_o be_v true_a that_o joseph_n and_o cleophas_n brother_n shall_v take_v to_o wife_n the_o two_o mary_fw-mi sister_n or_o cousin_n but_o otherwise_o there_o be_v so_o much_o appearance_n in_o the_o gospel_n that_o mary_n mother_n of_o james_n and_o joses_n be_v mary_n of_o cleophas_n sister_n to_o the_o bless_a virgin_n that_o it_o must_v needs_o be_v a_o inconvenience_n to_o deny_v this_o james_n to_o be_v kin_n to_o our_o lord_n by_o her_o side_n as_o for_o other_o relation_n and_o conjecture_n of_o church-writer_n the_o variety_n whereof_o be_v endless_a and_o unreconcilable_a it_o be_v not_o reason_n to_o draw_v they_o into_o consequence_n to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o a_o conjecture_n which_o make_v so_o clear_a a_o agreement_n of_o this_o whole_a difference_n it_o be_v my_o desire_n to_o show_v the_o true_a meaning_n of_o the_o apostle_n word_n but_o it_o be_v not_o my_o purpose_n to_o build_v upon_o uncertainty_n whosoever_o this_o james_n of_o jerusalem_n be_v we_o find_v the_o church_n of_o jerusalem_n under_o his_o charge_n almost_o assoon_o as_o there_o be_v a_o church_n there_o at_o least_o if_o we_o believe_v ignatius_n epist_n ad_fw-la trall_n where_o he_o say_v s._n stephen_n be_v deacon_n to_o this_o james_n of_o jerusalem_n which_o must_v be_v betimes_o after_o our_o lord_n death_n and_o therefore_o thus_o we_o see_v who_o the_o bishop_n of_o jerusalem_n succeed_v chap._n iii_o the_o apostle_n plant_v mother-churche_n in_o mother-city_n the_o government_n of_o they_o estate_v upon_o presbytery_n saint_n paul_n at_o the_o beginning_n make_v no_o bishop_n over_o those_o presbytery_n the_o reason_n himself_o have_v the_o oversight_n of_o the_o church_n of_o his_o plant_n for_o the_o time_n the_o like_a in_o the_o church_n of_o s._n peter_n charge_n let_v we_o now_o go_v abroad_o with_o the_o apostle_n and_o see_v how_o they_o follow_v this_o pattern_n in_o the_o church_n which_o they_o convert_v to_o the_o faith_n tertullian_n l._n de_n prescript_n c._n 20._o speak_v thus_o of_o they_o ac_fw-la providè_fw-la ecclesias_fw-la apud_fw-la unanquamque_fw-la civitatem_fw-la condiderunt_fw-la this_o slight_a circumstance_n which_o he_o but_o point_v at_o that_o the_o apostle_n found_v church_n in_o city_n be_v very_o considerable_a in_o our_o business_n for_o it_o be_v plain_a they_o can_v not_o bestow_v their_o pain_n on_o all_o place_n reason_n require_v they_o shall_v labour_v most_o to_o plant_v the_o faith_n in_o the_o most_o populous_a and_o common_a sense_n and_o the_o least_o knowledge_n of_o time_n will_v serve_v to_o show_v that_o from_o thence_o it_o be_v propagate_v through_o the_o country_n that_o lay_v to_o those_o city_n which_o therefore_o in_o time_n become_v and_o be_v call_v the_o territory_n parish_n or_o diocese_n of_o such_o or_o such_o church_n now_o the_o form_n of_o government_n estate_v by_o s._n paul_n over_o these_o church_n be_v point_v out_o to_o we_o act_n fourteen_o 23._o where_o we_o read_v in_o the_o end_n of_o their_o first_o journey_n that_o paul_n and_o barnabas_n have_v ordain_v they_o presbyter_n in_o every_o church_n return_v to_o antiochia_n but_o unto_o titus_n the_o apostle_n write_v thus_o tit._n i._n 5._o for_o this_o cause_n leave_v i_o thou_o in_o crete_n that_o thou_o may_v set_v in_o order_n the_o thing_n that_o be_v want_v and_o constitute_v elder_n in_o every_o city_n as_o i_o have_v appoint_v thou_o elder_n in_o every_o church_n in_o the_o one_o place_n and_o elder_n in_o every_o city_n in_o the_o other_o both_o to_o the_o same_o effect_n not_o mean_v one_o in_o a_o place_n but_o presbytery_n that_o be_v college_n body_n company_n of_o presbyter_n with_o common_a advice_n to_o order_v the_o church_n plant_v in_o these_o city_n such_o a_o college_n of_o presbyter_n it_o be_v that_o we_o speak_v of_o in_o the_o last_o chapter_n institute_v by_o the_o apostle_n in_o the_o church_n of_o jerusalem_n the_o pattern_n whereof_o s._n paul_n follow_v in_o the_o church_n which_o he_o convert_v out_o of_o the_o gentile_n and_o thus_o in_o the_o church_n of_o ephesus_n you_o shall_v see_v s._n paul_n act_v xx_o 17._o send_v for_o the_o bench_n of_o elder_n there_o to_o miletus_n thus_o in_o the_o church_n of_o philippi_n you_o shall_v find_v that_o the_o apostle_n direct_v his_o epistle_n to_o the_o bishop_n and_o deacon_n there_o which_o must_v be_v to_o the_o college_n of_o presbyter_n next_o above_o the_o order_n of_o deacon_n thus_o when_o the_o apostle_n write_v to_o the_o thessalonian_o 1._o thess_n v._o 12._o and_o we_o beseech_v you_o brethren_z to_o know_v they_o which_o labour_n among_o you_o and_o be_v over_o you_o in_o the_o lord_n the_o multitude_n whereof_o he_o speak_v be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o the_o like_a company_n of_o presbyter_n thus_o in_o ignatius_n his_o epistle_n you_o shall_v find_v he_o up_o and_o down_o reckon_v next_o after_o the_o bishop_n the_o presbytery_n of_o all_o the_o church_n to_o which_o he_o write_v the_o like_a in_o s._n cyprian_n epistle_n for_o the_o presbytery_n of_o rome_n and_o carthage_n to_o spare_v more_o word_n in_o all_o church-writer_n you_o shall_v find_v continual_a remembrance_n of_o these_o presbytery_n whensoever_o there_o be_v speech_n of_o mother-churche_n in_o mother-city_n and_o therefore_o those_o we_o be_v to_o understand_v when_o we_o read_v that_o paul_n and_o barnabas_n ordain_v presbyter_n in_o every_o church_n and_o titus_n in_o every_o city_n and_o such_o body_n or_o college_n of_o presbyter_n they_o be_v to_o who_o the_o apostle_n commit_v the_o church_n which_o he_o have_v plant_v but_o this_o be_v grant_v the_o question_n will_v be_v in_o the_o next_o place_n where_o be_v the_o bishop_n the_o chief_a and_o head_n of_o these_o presbytery_n for_o have_v the_o apostle_n from_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o plant_n these_o church_n place_v that_o rank_n over_o these_o presbyter_n it_o be_v like_a we_o shall_v have_v find_v some_o remembrance_n of_o it_o now_o these_o presbyter_n be_v style_v by_o the_o name_n of_o bishop_n as_o have_v be_v observe_v ever_o since_o s._n hierome_n and_o which_o be_v more_o to_o aver_v the_o observation_n for_o this_o purpose_n neither_o in_o the_o relation_n of_o his_o plant_n and_o order_v the_o church_n nor_o in_o the_o style_n of_o his_o epistle_n nor_o in_o his_o instruction_n concern_v minister_n of_o these_o church_n be_v there_o any_o remembrance_n or_o respect_n to_o be_v find_v but_o of_o presbyter_n and_o deacon_n which_o in_o so_o much_o eminence_n of_o place_n so_o much_o difference_n of_o bishop_n office_n if_o any_o than_o have_v be_v can_v scarce_o have_v come_v to_o pass_v and_o make_v i_o conclude_v that_o the_o apostle_n ordain_v none_o such_o from_o the_o begin_n over_o the_o presbytery_n no_o bishop_n the_o apostle_n have_v yet_o settle_v at_o ephesus_n when_o he_o use_v these_o word_n to_o the_o presbyter_n there_o act_v xx_o 17._o take_v heed_n to_o yourselves_o and_o to_o the_o whole_a flock_n over_o who_o the_o holy_a ghost_n have_v make_v you_o episcopos_fw-la bishop_n or_o overseer_n for_o as_o he_o give_v the_o name_n to_o the_o presbyter_n so_o he_o address_v his_o instruction_n to_o none_o beside_o none_o at_o philippi_n when_o he_o direct_v his_o epistle_n to_o the_o bishop_n and_o deacon_n there_o neither_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o church_n bear_v more_o than_o one_o bishop_n in_o one_o church_n at_o once_o nor_o be_v a_o thing_n reasonable_a to_o think_v if_o any_o such_o have_v be_v that_o the_o apostle_n will_v not_o have_v find_v a_o room_n for_o he_o in_o the_o style_n of_o his_o epistle_n none_o in_o the_o church_n within_o
his_o purpose_n because_o he_o say_v no_o more_o but_o this_o that_o the_o first_o to_o timothy_n be_v send_v from_o macedonia_n but_o the_o apostle_n have_v resolve_v if_o it_o be_v possible_a to_o be_v at_o jerusalem_n the_o day_n of_o pentecost_n act_v xx_o 16._o make_v haste_n and_o overtake_v his_o company_n at_o troas_n act_v xx_o 6._o and_o thus_o we_o see_v the_o reason_n why_o there_o be_v no_o respect_n of_o timothy_n in_o his_o instruction_n to_o the_o elder_n of_o ephesus_n act_v xx_o 18_o because_o that_o then_o he_o begin_v to_o enter_v upon_o his_o charge_n there_o and_o because_o of_o the_o instruction_n he_o have_v receive_v from_o the_o apostle_n by_o his_o first_o epistle_n beside_o word_n of_o mouth_n so_o the_o upshot_n of_o all_o this_o discourse_n be_v thus_o much_o that_o within_o compass_n of_o the_o time_n of_o this_o voyage_n at_o the_o beginning_n whereof_o the_o apostle_n say_v in_o the_o spirit_n that_o when_o he_o have_v be_v at_o jerusalem_n he_o must_v also_o see_v rome_n act_v nineteeen_o 21._o at_o the_o midst_n whereof_o he_o write_v to_o the_o roman_n chap._n xv_o 23._o that_o he_o have_v no_o more_o place_n in_o those_o part_n and_o at_o the_o end_n whereof_o he_o say_v to_o the_o elder_n of_o ephesus_n act_v xx_o 25._o and_o now_o behold_v i_o know_v that_o all_o you_o among_o who_o i_o have_v go_v preach_v the_o kingdom_n of_o god_n shall_v see_v my_o face_n no_o more_o know_v by_o revelation_n that_o he_o be_v to_o serve_v god_n no_o more_o in_o those_o part_n appoint_v his_o two_o disciple_n timothy_n and_o titus_n to_o be_v in_o his_o stead_n over_o the_o church_n of_o asia_n and_o crete_n now_o that_o the_o charge_n of_o timothy_n and_o titus_n give_v they_o a_o power_n as_o great_a as_o that_o of_o bishop_n be_v from_o the_o beginning_n no_o question_n be_v make_v if_o they_o prove_v not_o more_o than_o so_o the_o business_n be_v clear_a for_o true_a it_o be_v something_o not_o ordinary_a in_o bishop_n we_o must_v acknowledge_v in_o timothie_n person_n when_o he_o be_v call_v a_o evangelist_n 2._o tim._n four_o 5._o do_v the_o work_n of_o a_o evangelist_n to_o which_o we_o must_v refer_v that_o grace_n whereof_o the_o apostle_n speak_v 1._o tim._n four_o 14._o neglect_v not_o the_o gift_n that_o be_v in_o thou_o that_o be_v give_v thou_o by_o prophecy_n with_o the_o laying-on_a of_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o presbytery_n whereof_o again_o 2_o tim._n i_o 16._o i_o put_v thou_o in_o mind_n that_o thou_o stir_v up_o the_o gift_n that_o be_v in_o thou_o by_o the_o putting-on_n of_o my_o hand_n and_o 1._o tim._n i._n 18._o this_o charge_n i_o commit_v unto_o thou_o son_n timothy_n according_a to_o the_o prophecy_n that_o go_v afore_o of_o thou_o in_o this_o the_o disciple_n case_n be_v somewhat_o like_o the_o apostle_n as_o you_o shall_v see_v it_o anon_o act_v xiii_o 2._o where_o the_o prophet_n in_o the_o church_n of_o antiochia_n have_v foretell_v through_o the_o holy_a ghost_n what_o god_n will_v do_v in_o the_o plant_n of_o his_o gospel_n by_o his_o hand_n and_o barnabas_n and_o declare_v his_o will_n for_o set_v they_o apart_o for_o that_o purpose_n hereupon_o they_o receive_v imposition_n of_o hand_n so_o likewise_o we_o must_v conceive_v that_o these_o prophecy_n go_v afore_o of_o timothy_n to_o inform_v the_o church_n of_o the_o will_n of_o god_n concern_v he_o and_o the_o work_n he_o have_v appoint_v he_o to_o perform_v as_o for_o the_o grace_n he_o receive_v by_o imposition_n of_o hand_n what_o other_o can_v any_o man_n imagine_v it_o to_o be_v then_o that_o which_o be_v design_v in_o the_o name_n of_o a_o evangelist_n which_o the_o apostle_n mean_v when_o he_o say_v ephes_n four_o 11._o that_o our_o lord_n have_v give_v to_o his_o church_n some_o apostle_n some_o prophet_n some_o evangelist_n or_o how_o can_v we_o further_o distinguish_v it_o otherwise_o from_o the_o gift_n of_o apostle_n and_o prophet_n then_o place_v it_o in_o the_o extraordinary_a temporary_a endowment_n of_o the_o holy_a ghost_n enable_v such_o person_n according_a to_o the_o exigence_n of_o that_o time_n to_o publish_v the_o gospel_n and_o to_o persuade_v it_o which_o nevertheless_o come_v short_a of_o the_o personal_a quality_n of_o witness_n of_o our_o lord_n and_o his_o doctrine_n and_o of_o the_o measure_n and_o kind_n of_o those_o grace_n of_o miracle_n language_n and_o the_o like_a that_o make_v a_o apostle_n but_o he_o that_o will_v draw_v this_o into_o consequence_n and_o argue_v that_o timothy_n be_v no_o bishop_n because_o a_o evangelist_n may_v with_o more_o reason_n conclude_v that_o philip_n be_v no_o deacon_n because_o he_o be_v a_o evangelist_n and_o contradict_v the_o scripture_n that_o say_v act_n xxi_o 8._o we_o enter_v into_o the_o house_n of_o philip_n the_o evangelist_n which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o seven_o for_o if_o a_o apostle_n in_o that_o eminence_n of_o grace_n and_o privilege_n nevertheless_o abide_v upon_o a_o certain_a charge_n and_o take_v care_n of_o it_o be_v to_o be_v count_v bishop_n of_o a_o particular_a place_n as_o be_v argue_v afore_o much_o more_o may_v a_o evangelist_n for_o his_o extraordinary_a gift_n be_v a_o bishop_n for_o his_o several_a charge_n which_o be_v to_o say_v thus_o much_o in_o english_a that_o the_o gift_n of_o a_o evangelist_n may_v fall_v upon_o any_o rank_n of_o ordinary_a minister_n as_o we_o see_v philip_n for_o his_o place_n in_o the_o church_n one_o of_o the_o seven_o deacon_n at_o jerusalem_n act_n vi_fw-la 5._o be_v nevertheless_o a_o evangelist_n for_o the_o grace_n god_n have_v bestow_v upon_o he_o by_o his_o mean_n to_o convert_v samaria_n to_o the_o faith_n act_v viij_o 15._o nay_o further_o if_o the_o gift_n of_o a_o evangelist_n be_v compatible_a with_o a_o deacon_n place_n it_o must_v be_v grant_v that_o timothy_n as_o a_o evangelist_n be_v no_o governor_n of_o church_n and_o whereas_o it_o be_v argue_v that_o it_o be_v but_o a_o commission_n for_o the_o time_n which_o timothy_n and_o titus_n be_v trust_v with_o from_o the_o apostle_n because_o it_o appear_v they_o be_v otherwhiles_o employ_v otherwhere_o by_o the_o apostle_n 2._o tim._n four_o 9_o 10._o as_o any_o bishop_n in_o case_n of_o public_a necessity_n of_o the_o church_n must_v be_v without_o the_o apostle_n let_v i_o be_v bold_a to_o affirm_v that_o the_o rule_n of_o continue_a settle_a government_n direct_v to_o they_o by_o the_o apostle_n to_o be_v execute_v by_o they_o in_o their_o person_n be_v sufficient_a evidence_n that_o they_o be_v appoint_v by_o he_o for_o perpetual_a governor_n and_o not_o for_o temporary_a commissary_n indeed_o as_o there_o be_v something_o more_o than_o ordinary_a in_o timothie_n person_n so_o be_v there_o something_o more_o than_o ordinary_a in_o titus_n his_o charge_n in_o that_o he_o be_v leave_v in_o crete_n to_o ordain_v presbyter_n in_o every_o city_n tit._n i._n 5._o by_o which_o as_o appear_v in_o the_o sequel_n of_o the_o epistle_n the_o church_n of_o those_o city_n be_v to_o be_v govern_v under_o titus_n as_o be_v observe_v afore_o the_o like_a to_o be_v say_v of_o timothy_n who_o instruction_n qualify_a presbyter_n and_o deacon_n alone_o leave_v he_o alone_o superior_a to_o all_o the_o presbytery_n he_o shall_v institute_v according_a to_o his_o instruction_n now_o if_o we_o observe_v the_o custom_n of_o the_o apostle_n hitherto_o set_v forth_o of_o institute_v presbytery_n in_o populous_a city_n and_o observe_v the_o custom_n of_o the_o church_n after_o their_o time_n wherein_o a_o bishop_n be_v always_o head_n of_o one_o of_o these_o presbytery_n quid_fw-la est_fw-la enim_fw-la episcopus_fw-la nisi_fw-la primus_fw-la presbyterorum_fw-la say_v s._n augustine_n it_o will_v not_o be_v hard_a to_o espy_v a_o difference_n between_o the_o place_n of_o a_o bishop_n and_o the_o extent_n of_o their_o charge_n for_o it_o will_v not_o serve_v the_o turn_n to_o say_v as_o some_o do_v that_o titus_n be_v archbishop_n of_o crete_n and_o so_o entrust_v with_o divers_a church_n for_o a_o archbishop_n be_v a_o chief_a among_o bishop_n not_o a_o person_n to_o govern_v divers_a church_n seat_n of_o bishopric_n beside_o that_o these_o degree_n among_o bishop_n come_v in_o afterward_o when_o the_o church_n become_v incorporate_a into_o the_o state_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n as_o have_v the_o charge_n of_o church_n in_o head-city_n of_o province_n or_o according_a to_o the_o precedence_n of_o place_n wherein_o the_o emperor_n or_o chief_a temporal_a power_n make_v their_o residence_n but_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n let_v i_o use_v epiphanius_n his_o word_n the_o apostle_n can_v not_o settle_v all_o thing_n uniform_o at_o once_o be_v it_o a_o reasonable_a thing_n to_o argue_v that_o because_o s._n paul_n take_v no_o order_n for_o the_o head_n of_o these_o presbytery_n which_o be_v
not_o yet_o make_v therefore_o he_o do_v not_o intend_v there_o shall_v be_v any_o such_o in_o the_o church_n rather_o let_v i_o argue_v that_o because_o s._n paul_n leave_v two_o of_o his_o principal_a disciple_n in_o two_o principal_a place_n with_o charge_n to_o plant_v presbytery_n as_o there_o be_v mean_n to_o propagate_v church_n therefore_o he_o give_v a_o pattern_n of_o that_o which_o these_o disciple_n and_o all_o the_o church_n be_v to_o do_v afterward_o in_o settle_v the_o government_n of_o those_o church_n in_o the_o presbytery_n of_o they_o and_o in_o their_o head_n which_o themselves_o be_v for_o the_o time_n and_o this_o we_o shall_v find_v be_v do_v in_o good_a time_n in_o the_o church_n of_o timothy_n charge_n if_o we_o take_v but_o a_o short_a consideration_n of_o the_o belove_a disciple_n john_n the_o apostle_n and_o evangelist_n what_o we_o find_v concern_v he_o in_o scripture_n or_o otherwise_o receive_v and_o credible_a in_o this_o nature_n he_o live_v long_a of_o all_o the_o disciple_n as_o be_v say_v and_o he_o will_v easy_o show_v we_o bishop_n over_o the_o church_n of_o timothy_n charge_n for_o such_o without_o doubt_n be_v the_o seven_o church_n of_o asia_n unto_o who_o the_o apostle_n send_v from_o our_o lord_n seven_o epistle_n two_o and_o three_o chap_a of_o his_o revelation_n direct_v they_o to_o the_o angel_n of_o those_o church_n a_o style_n not_o compatible_a to_o a_o person_n of_o common_a rank_n and_o the_o act_n of_o direct_a epistle_n to_o one_o in_o the_o name_n and_o behalf_n of_o the_o whole_a church_n argue_v the_o eminence_n of_o the_o head_n fit_a to_o answer_v for_o the_o body_n he_o represent_v herewith_o agree_v the_o word_n of_o clemens_n alexandrinus_n in_o eusebius_n three_o 23._o concern_v this_o apostle_n that_o be_v return_v from_o patmus_n to_o ephesus_n he_o use_v upon_o request_n to_o go_v among_o the_o neighbour-nation_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v in_o some_o place_n to_o constitute_v bishop_n to_o wit_n where_o there_o be_v presbytery_n afore_o that_o yet_o have_v none_o in_o some_o to_o find_v whole_a church_n in_o other_o to_o ordain_v a_o clergy_n out_o of_o such_o as_o be_v signify_v by_o the_o spirit_n as_o we_o read_v of_o s._n paul_n and_o timotheus_n for_o will_v you_o have_v these_o to_o be_v bishop_n according_a to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o word_n in_o s._n paul_n where_o it_o be_v all_o one_o with_o presbyter_n sure_o we_o must_v needs_o think_v of_o such_o as_o his_o own_o writing_n make_v angel_n of_o church_n ignatius_n that_o be_v his_o disciple_n according_a to_o some_o in_o all_o his_o epistle_n specifi_v and_o sometime_o by_o name_n the_o bishop_n of_o some_o the_o same_o church_n and_o some_o of_o other_o together_o with_o their_o presbytery_n and_o in_o particular_a onesimus_n timothie_n successor_n at_o ephesus_n tertullian_n and_o ireneus_fw-la the_o most_o ancient_a we_o can_v allege_v have_v name_v polycarpus_n in_o particular_a make_v bishop_n of_o smyrna_n by_o this_o apostle_n it_o be_v not_o possible_a to_o say_v more_o in_o this_o case_n so_o often_o as_o we_o find_v mention_n of_o government_n in_o particular_a church_n in_o scripture_n so_o often_o we_o meet_v with_o presbytery_n or_o the_o head_n of_o presbytery_n apostle_n themselves_o or_o derive_v their_o charge_n from_o the_o apostle_n nay_o it_o be_v very_o much_o not_o pretend_v that_o bishop_n come_v on_o otherwise_o then_o to_o be_v in_o stead_n of_o the_o apostle_n over_o particular_a church_n that_o there_o be_v so_o much_o to_o be_v say_v for_o their_o office_n out_o of_o scripture_n all_o write_v during_o their_o time_n chap._n v._n the_o presbytery_n at_o antiochia_n s._n peter_n and_o s._n paul_n head_n of_o the_o church_n there_o likewise_o of_o that_o at_o rome_n the_o difference_n about_o their_o next_o successor_n epiphanius_n his_o conjecture_n upon_o it_o another_o clemens_n succeed_v s._n peter_n and_o linus_n s._n paul_n the_o succession_n of_o the_o apostle_n there_o be_v unquestionable_a the_o church_n of_o antiochia_n be_v remember_v next_o to_o that_o of_o jerusalem_n in_o the_o act_n of_o the_o apostle_n but_o of_o the_o government_n thereof_o we_o have_v nothing_o so_o distinct_a or_o express_v in_o scripture_n yet_o this_o we_o read_v act_n xiii_o 2._o now_o there_o be_v in_o the_o church_n at_o antiochia_n certain_a prophet_n and_o teacher_n and_o as_o they_o minister_v unto_o the_o lord_n and_o fast_v the_o holy_a ghost_n say_v separate_a i_n barnabas_n and_o saul_n for_o the_o work_n whereunto_o i_o have_v call_v they_o and_o when_o they_o have_v fast_v and_o pray_v and_o lay_v their_o hand_n on_o they_o they_o send_v they_o away_o that_o these_o prophet_n and_o teacher_n be_v all_o of_o they_o presbyter_n of_o that_o church_n be_v more_o than_o can_v be_v affirm_v because_o it_o be_v nowhere_o set_v down_o but_o when_o we_o read_v that_o they_o minister_v unto_o the_o lord_n which_o must_v be_v understand_v of_o the_o service_n of_o god_n in_o their_o assembly_n especial_o in_o celebrate_v the_o eucharist_n and_o give_v imposition_n of_o hand_n we_o find_v among_o the_o number_n of_o they_o the_o work_n of_o ordinary_a minister_n when_o there_o be_v no_o high_a rank_n than_o that_o of_o presbyter_n able_a to_o do_v the_o like_a for_o as_o concern_v the_o head_n of_o this_o church_n we_o must_v have_v recourse_n to_o ignatius_n his_o epistle_n ad_fw-la magn._n where_o he_o use_v these_o word_n for_o at_o antiochia_n the_o disciple_n be_v first_o call_v christian_n paul_n and_o peter_n sound_v the_o church_n and_o in_o the_o epistle_n ad_fw-la antioch_n if_o it_o be_v he_o as_o the_o other_o unquestionable_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v you_o be_v paul_n and_o peter_n disciple_n remember_v euodius_n that_o first_o have_v the_o rule_n of_o you_o put_v into_o his_o hand_n by_o the_o apostle_n be_v he_o what_o he_o will_v be_v that_o write_v this_o let_v i_o be_v bold_a to_o say_v it_o agree_v marvellous_a well_o with_o what_o have_v be_v say_v and_o with_o the_o scripture_n in_o which_o it_o be_v plain_a there_o be_v at_o the_o beginning_n two_o congregation_n of_o christian_n at_o antiochia_n one_o of_o the_o circumcision_n the_o other_o convert_v from_o the_o gentile_n because_o s._n peter_n gal._n two_o 12._o fear_v those_o of_o the_o circumcision_n withdraw_v himself_o and_o eat_v no_o more_o with_o the_o gentile_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o care_n of_o which_o two_o congregation_n perform_v by_o s._n peter_n and_o s._n paul_n according_a to_o the_o division_n agree_v upon_o gal._n two_o 9_o the_o word_n of_o ignatius_n be_v to_o be_v verify_v where_o he_o make_v both_o apostle_n founder_n of_o the_o church_n at_o antiochia_n who_o find_v themselves_o employ_v in_o other_o part_n of_o the_o world_n take_v the_o same_o course_n with_o this_o church_n which_o s._n paul_n do_v with_o those_o he_o commend_v to_o timothy_n and_o titus_n and_o put_v both_o congregation_n by_o that_o time_n unite_v and_o concorporate_a in_o one_o under_o the_o charge_n of_o euodius_n predecessor_n to_o ignatius_n these_o two_o apostle_n be_v usual_o count_v founder_n of_o the_o church_n at_o rome_n as_o well_o as_o of_o that_o of_o antiochia_n ireneus_fw-la three_o 3._o fundantes_n itaque_fw-la &_o instituentes_fw-la beati_fw-la apostoli_fw-la ecclesiam_fw-la lino_n episcopatum_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la administrandae_fw-la tradiderunt_fw-la huius_fw-la lini_fw-la paulus_n in_fw-la iis_fw-la quae_fw-la sunt_fw-la ad_fw-la timotheum_n epistolis_fw-la meminit_fw-la succedit_fw-la autem_fw-la ei_fw-la anacletus_fw-la post_fw-la eum_fw-la tertio_fw-la loco_fw-la ab_fw-la apostolis_n episcopatum_fw-la sortitur_fw-la clemens_n where_o you_o see_v he_o refer_v the_o foundation_n of_o that_o church_n to_o both_o the_o apostle_n as_o do_v dionysius_n also_o of_o corinth_n some_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o year_n after_o their_o death_n in_o eusebius_n eccles_n hist._n iii._o 26._o and_o other_o of_o late_a stamp_n sans_o number_n whereupon_o epiphanius_n haer._n 27._o reckon_v the_o succession_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n put_v peter_n and_o paul_n in_o the_o first_o place_n but_o yet_o observe_v further_o the_o difference_n between_o the_o word_n of_o ireneus_fw-la which_o put_v linus_n after_o the_o apostle_n and_o the_o latin_a church_n which_o according_a to_o s._n hierome_n catal._n script_n in_o clem._n reckon_v clemens_n in_o that_o place_n which_o tertullian_n the_o most_o ancient_a of_o that_o language_n lib._n de_fw-fr prescript_n aver_v to_o which_o difference_n we_o may_v ascribe_v the_o confusion_n that_o baronius_n have_v observe_v in_o the_o pontifical_a book_n under_o the_o name_n of_o pope_n damasus_n a_o ancient_a piece_n but_o piece_v indeed_o out_o of_o several_a writing_n and_o cross_v to_o one_o another_o divers_a time_n as_o for_o the_o purpose_n when_o it_o
habuit_fw-la sine_fw-la quorum_fw-la consilio_fw-la nihil_fw-la agebatur_fw-la in_o ecclesia_fw-la this_o be_v as_o much_o as_o can_v be_v demand_v when_o we_o hear_v that_o nothing_o be_v do_v in_o the_o church_n to_o wit_n by_o the_o bishop_n without_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o presbyter_n the_o same_o be_v affirm_v by_o s._n hierome_n upon_o titus_n i_o 5._o antequam_fw-la diaboli_fw-la instinctu_fw-la studia_fw-la in_o religione_fw-la fierent_fw-la &_o diceretur_fw-la in_o populis_fw-la ego_fw-la sum_fw-la pauli_n ego_fw-la apollo_n ego_fw-la cephae_fw-la communi_fw-la consilio_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la gubernabantur_fw-la in_o that_o s._n hierome_n think_v there_o be_v no_o bishop_n till_o church_n be_v force_v to_o that_o course_n to_o avoid_v schism_n it_o have_v be_v show_v he_o be_v not_o in_o the_o right_n but_o in_o that_o he_o affirm_v that_o at_o first_o church_n be_v govern_v by_o common_a advice_n we_o may_v well_o hear_v he_o speak_v in_o so_o good_a company_n of_o witness_n last_o of_o all_o s._n cyprian_n have_v say_v once_o for_o all_o epist_n 6._o quando_fw-la à _fw-la primordio_fw-la episcopatûs_fw-la mei_fw-la nihil_fw-la statuerim_fw-la sine_fw-la consilio_fw-la vestro_fw-la presbyterorum_fw-la &_o diaconorum_fw-la &_o sine_fw-la consensu_fw-la plebis_fw-la meae_fw-la privatá_fw-la sententiâ_fw-la gerere_fw-la how_o well_o he_o observe_v it_o be_v yet_o to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o passage_n of_o divers_a business_n relate_v in_o his_o epistle_n out_o of_o which_o the_o like_a be_v to_o be_v conceive_v of_o the_o presbyter_n of_o rome_n by_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v touch_v there_o and_o this_o be_v the_o true_a reason_n why_o many_o time_n especial_o among_o the_o most_o ancient_a church-writer_n bishop_n and_o presbyter_n both_o be_v comprise_v in_o the_o same_o style_n and_o name_n not_o because_o there_o be_v then_o no_o bishop_n as_o some_o man_n imagine_v but_o because_o both_o state_n concur_v in_o the_o same_o office_n clemens_n in_o the_o epistle_n aforesaid_a pag._n 54._o speak_v of_o the_o ministery_n institute_v by_o the_o apostle_n say_v thus_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v they_o made_z the_o first-fruit_n of_o believer_n overseer_n and_o minister_n that_o be_v bishop_n and_o deacon_n of_o those_o that_o shall_v believe_v it_o seem_v indeed_o that_o clemens_n call_v the_o presbyter_n bishop_n because_o as_o yet_o there_o be_v no_o other_o bishop_n there_o as_o be_v prove_v afore_o for_o so_o the_o word_n be_v use_v in_o s._n paul_n epistle_n and_o the_o act_n of_o the_o apostle_n for_o the_o same_o reason_n as_o have_v be_v say_v but_o in_o ignatius_n his_o epistle_n to_o hero_n his_o deacon_n at_o antiochia_n you_o have_v these_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d do_v nothing_o without_o the_o bishop_n that_o be_v without_o the_o presbyter_n who_o be_v indeed_o bishop_n in_o ignatius_n his_o absence_n when_o this_o be_v pretend_v to_o be_v write_v and_o be_v he_o who_o he_o will_v be_v that_o write_v it_o i_o believe_v it_o will_v not_o often_o be_v find_v that_o presbyter_n be_v call_v bishop_n in_o any_o monument_n of_o church-writer_n after_o this_o time_n unless_o it_o be_v in_o these_o word_n of_o tertullian_n de_fw-fr prescript_n c._n 3._o quid_fw-la ergò_fw-la si_fw-la episcopus_fw-la si_fw-la diaconus_fw-la si_fw-la vidua_fw-la &_o c_o where_o put_v the_o deacon_n next_o to_o the_o bishop_n he_o seem_v to_o comprise_v the_o presbyter_n with_o he_o in_o the_o same_o style_n for_o afterward_o the_o name_n of_o bishop_n become_v appropriate_a to_o the_o head_n of_o presbytery_n as_o we_o hear_v s._n hierome_n say_v of_o the_o presbyter_n at_o alexandria_n that_o the_o head_n who_o they_o choose_v themselves_o out_o of_o their_o own_o number_n they_o name_v bishop_n of_o alexandria_n otherwise_o as_o it_o be_v well_o know_v that_o the_o name_n of_o sacerdos_n be_v common_a to_o both_o estate_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o office_n of_o divine_a service_n which_o be_v perform_v by_o both_o so_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o government_n of_o the_o church_n common_a to_o both_o be_v they_o many_o time_n comprise_v together_o in_o the_o common_a style_n of_o presbyter_n the_o name_n of_o their_o age_n or_o antistites_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d praepositi_fw-la and_o the_o like_a the_o name_n of_o their_o charge_n for_o as_o the_o apostle_n make_v himself_o a_o elder_n when_o he_o write_v to_o they_o in_o this_o style_n 1._o pet._n i._n 5._o the_o elder_n i_o exhort_v who_o be_o also_o a_o elder_a so_o be_v the_o like_a to_o be_v observe_v in_o that_o well-known_a passage_n of_o clemens_n alexandrinus_n relate_v by_o eusebius_n eccles_n hist_o iii._o 23._o concern_v the_o youth_n which_o s._n john_n the_o apostle_n commend_v to_o the_o bishop_n of_o a_o certain_a place_n clemens_n proceed_v in_o the_o relation_n add_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d but_o the_o elder_a say_v he_o take_v the_o youth_n home_o to_o his_o house_n etc._n etc._n call_v he_o a_o presbyter_n who_o he_o have_v name_v a_o bishop_n but_o just_a afore_o so_o tertullian_n apologet._n c._n 39_o describe_v what_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v do_v in_o the_o assembly_n of_o christian_n add_v president_n probati_fw-la quique_fw-la seniores_fw-la honorem_fw-la non_fw-la pretio_fw-la sed_fw-la testimonio_fw-la adepti_fw-la not_o mean_v to_o tell_v we_o that_o there_o be_v no_o bishop_n to_o be_v see_v at_o these_o meeting_n for_o in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr prescript_n where_o he_o name_v polycarpus_n who_o we_o allege_v afore_o cap._n 32._o bishop_n of_o smyrna_n he_o speak_v as_o much_o of_o bishop_n that_o succeed_v the_o apostle_n in_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o church_n of_o their_o plant_n but_o comprise_v both_o rank_n and_o estate_n in_o one_o name_n of_o elder_n and_o that_o upon_o the_o reason_n specify_v in_o the_o commentary_n under_o s._n ambrose_n his_o name_n upon_o 1._o tim._n iii._o 8._o where_o he_o give_v the_o reason_n why_o the_o apostle_n pass_v straight_o from_o bishop_n to_o deacon_n because_o say_v he_o every_o bishop_n be_v a_o presbyter_n though_o every_o presbyter_n be_v not_o a_o bishop_n who_o be_v the_o chief_a of_o presbyter_n and_o the_o true_a s._n ambrose_n offic._n i_o 20._o viduarum_fw-la &_o virginum_fw-la domos_fw-la nisi_fw-la visitandi_fw-la gratiâ_fw-la juniores_fw-la adire_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la opus_fw-la &_o hoc_fw-la cum_fw-la senioribus_fw-la hoc_fw-la est_fw-la cum_fw-la episcopo_fw-la vel_fw-la si_fw-la opus_fw-la est_fw-la cum_fw-la presbyteris_fw-la with_o the_o elder_n say_v he_o that_o be_v with_o the_o bishop_n or_o presbyter_n justine_n martyr_n in_o his_o second_o apology_n relate_v the_o order_n of_o christian_n in_o their_o assembly_n have_v speak_v of_o read_v the_o scripture_n then_o say_v he_o the_o reader_n have_v do_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o ruler_n make_v a_o speech_n of_o instruction_n to_o the_o people_n exhort_v they_o to_o imitate_v what_o be_v read_v and_o again_o of_o the_o eucharist_n then_o say_v he_o bread_n and_o wine_n be_v offer_v to_o the_o ruler_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v it_o the_o bishop_n alone_o or_o the_o presbyter_n alone_o that_o preach_v and_o celebrate_v the_o eucharist_n sure_o both_o do_v it_o and_o the_o name_n of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v choose_v on_o purpose_n by_o justine_n to_o comprise_v both_o the_o same_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o word_n of_o s._n augustine_n hom._n ult_n ex_fw-la quinquaginta_fw-la cap._n 11._o veniat_fw-la peccator_fw-la ad_fw-la antistites_fw-la per_fw-la quos_fw-la illi_fw-la in_o ecclesia_fw-la clave_n ministrantur_fw-la &_o à _fw-la praepositis_fw-la sacrorum_fw-la accipiat_fw-la satisfactionis_fw-la suae_fw-la modum_fw-la antistites_fw-la in_o ecclesia_fw-la be_v not_o the_o bishop_n alone_o but_o the_o bishop_n and_o the_o presbyter_n hegesippus_n in_o eusebius_n eccles_n hist_o iii._o 20._o relate_v how_o some_o of_o our_o lord_n kindred_n be_v bring_v afore_o domitian_n upon_o suspicion_n of_o danger_n to_o the_o state_n in_o regard_n of_o their_o title_n to_o the_o kingdom_n but_o dismiss_v by_o he_o upon_o notice_n of_o their_o profession_n of_o life_n in_o till_v their_o ground_n with_o their_o own_o hand_n try_v by_o the_o hardness_n of_o they_o which_o it_o have_v wrought_v these_o say_v hegesippus_n be_v hereupon_o choose_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o be_v leader_n of_o church_n as_o both_o cousin_n of_o our_o lord_n and_o his_o witness_n comprehend_v both_o bishop_n and_o presbyter_n in_o one_o title_n as_o in_o ignatius_n ad_fw-la trall_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v put_v in_o one_o word_n to_o express_v bishop_n and_o presbyter_n both_o as_o the_o circumstance_n of_o the_o place_n will_v evidence_n to_o this_o we_o must_v add_v the_o word_n of_o ireneus_fw-la four_o 43._o wherefore_o say_v he_o it_o behove_v we_o to_o obey_v the_o elder_n that_o be_v in_o the_o church_n which_o have_v receive_v according_a to_o the_o father_n pleasure_n the_o certain_a grace_n of_o truth_n with_o
preach_v in_o the_o assembly_n of_o christian_n at_o that_o time_n so_o far_o as_o we_o understand_v by_o the_o apostle_n go_v more_o by_o man_n gift_n then_o by_o their_o place_n in_o the_o church_n read_v the_o fourteen_o chapter_n of_o the_o first_o to_o the_o corinthian_n throughout_o and_o consider_v what_o great_a use_n there_o be_v of_o the_o gift_n of_o prophesy_v and_o speak_v strange_a language_n in_o their_o assembly_n which_o the_o apostle_n there_o regulate_v sure_o you_o will_v never_o imagine_v for_o there_o be_v not_o a_o syllable_n to_o intimate_v it_o that_o these_o be_v all_o presbyter_n ordinary_a minister_n in_o the_o church_n the_o like_a must_v be_v say_v of_o the_o gift_n reckon_v vers_fw-la 8._o the_o word_n of_o wisdom_n the_o word_n of_o knowledge_n discern_v spirit_n and_o the_o like_a of_o the_o gift_n of_o teach_v and_o exhort_v rom._n twelve_o 7_o 8._o of_o pastor_n and_o doctor_n mention_v by_o the_o apostle_n ephes_n four_o 14._o the_o office_n of_o the_o presbyter_n at_o thessalonica_n the_o apostle_n recommend_v to_o the_o brethren_n there_o in_o these_o term_n 1._o thess_n 5._o 12._o we_o beseech_v you_o brethren_z to_o know_v they_o which_o labour_n among_o you_o and_o be_v over_o you_o in_o the_o lord_n and_o admonish_v you_o and_o to_o esteem_v they_o very_o high_o in_o love_n for_o their_o work_n sake_n but_o we_o be_v not_o bind_v to_o think_v they_o all_o the_o same_o person_n who_o grace_n he_o recommend_v when_o he_o add_v vers_fw-la 19_o 20._o quench_v not_o the_o spirit_n despise_v not_o prophesy_v act_n xiii_o 1._o there_o be_v in_o the_o church_n of_o antiochia_n prophet_n and_o teacher_n and_o of_o they_o they_o be_v that_o give_v paul_n and_o barnabas_n imposition_n of_o hand_n and_o 1._o tim._n four_o 14._o these_o be_v those_o that_o prophesy_v of_o he_o and_o presbyter_n they_o be_v i_o suppose_v that_o give_v he_o imposition_n of_o hand_n with_o the_o apostle_n and_o so_o it_o be_v argue_v from_o hence_o afore_o that_o the_o spirit_n of_o prophecy_n rest_v upon_o those_o presbytery_n but_o that_o all_o such_o prophet_n be_v presbyter_n or_o all_o presbyter_n such_o prophet_n neither_o be_v it_o write_v in_o god_n book_n nor_o of_o itself_o credible_a in_o such_o variety_n of_o grace_n specify_v which_o all_o be_v give_v for_o edification_n and_o use_v in_o the_o assembly_n to_o that_o purpose_n must_v either_o rest_n in_o the_o rank_n of_o ordinary_a minister_n or_o be_v count_v personal_a grace_n whether_o miraculous_a or_o otherwise_o use_v for_o the_o edification_n of_o the_o church_n in_o supplement_n of_o their_o endeavour_n which_o have_v serve_v the_o turn_n in_o after_o age_n he_o that_o write_v the_o commentary_n upon_o s._n paul_n epistle_n under_o s._n ambrose_n his_o name_n upon_o ephes_n four_o 10._o have_v labour_v to_o accommodate_v the_o gift_n there_o specify_v to_o the_o ministery_n then_o in_o use_n in_o the_o church_n be_v at_o length_n drive_v to_o this_o point_n tamen_fw-la postquam_fw-la omnibus_fw-la lociâ—_n ecclesiae_fw-la sunt_fw-la constitutae_fw-la &_o officia_fw-la ordinata_fw-la aliter_fw-la composita_fw-la res_fw-la est_fw-la quà m_fw-la coeperat_fw-la primùm_fw-la enim_fw-la omnes_fw-la docebant_fw-la &_o omnes_fw-la baptizabant_fw-la quibuscunqâ—â—diebus_fw-la vel_fw-la temporibus_fw-la fuisset_fw-la occasuâ—_n and_o after_o a_o while_n ut_fw-la ergò_fw-la crescere_fw-la plebs_fw-la &_o multiplicaretur_fw-la omnibus_fw-la into_o initia_fw-la concessum_fw-la est_fw-la &_o evangelizare_fw-la &_o baptizare_fw-la &_o scripturas_fw-la in_o ecclesia_fw-la explanare_fw-la that_o which_o he_o say_v of_o aâ—â—_n person_n publish_v the_o gospel_n be_v justify_v by_o that_o which_o we_o read_v act_n viij_o 4._o therefore_o they_o that_o be_v scatter_v abroad_o go_v everywhere_o preach_v the_o word_n and_o again_o act_v xi_o 19_o now_o they_o which_o be_v scatter_v abroad_o upon_o the_o persecution_n that_o arise_v about_o stephen_n travel_v as_o far_o as_o phoenicia_n and_o cyprus_n and_o antiochia_n preach_v the_o word_n to_o none_o but_o unto_o the_o jew_n only_o that_o which_o he_o say_v of_o expound_v the_o scripture_n that_o be_v speak_v in_o the_o church_n will_v be_v justify_v no_o less_o if_o it_o be_v refer_v to_o that_o variety_n of_o gift_n specify_v out_o of_o the_o apostle_n most_o a_o end_n miraculous_a and_o concern_v that_o time_n the_o use_n whereof_o be_v for_o edification_n in_o the_o assembly_n and_o the_o reason_n that_o be_v to_o be_v give_v for_o this_o must_v needs_o appear_v very_o considerable_a because_o that_o among_o man_n choose_v out_o of_o those_o that_o be_v new_o convert_v to_o the_o faith_n in_o their_o elder_a year_n for_o which_o they_o be_v call_v preseyter_n and_o that_o in_o respect_n of_o other_o kind_n of_o ability_n tend_v to_o other_o part_n of_o their_o office_n there_o shall_v be_v find_v man_n fit_a to_o speak_v in_o public_a assembly_n upon_o humane_a part_n and_o endeavour_n so_o as_o to_o preserve_v the_o decorum_n and_o reverence_n of_o so_o great_a a_o work_n be_v beyond_o the_o compass_n of_o common_a discretion_n to_o imagine_v these_o quality_n be_v not_o often_o find_v but_o in_o those_o that_o be_v habituate_v to_o they_o from_o their_o youth_n do_v but_o look_v on_o those_o of_o our_o lord_n kindred_n that_o confess_v he_o before_o domitian_n and_o therefore_o be_v make_v leader_n of_o church_n as_o be_v relate_v before_o from_o hegesippus_n and_o think_v whether_o man_n who_o hand_n be_v harden_v with_o the_o plough_n already_o strike_v in_o year_n be_v fit_a to_o make_v preacher_n when_o they_o be_v make_v ruler_n of_o church_n so_o far_o be_v it_o from_o we_o to_o think_v that_o in_o the_o cradle_n of_o the_o church_n no_o presbyter_n be_v make_v but_o for_o his_o ability_n in_o preach_v let_v we_o now_o look_v back_o a_o little_a upon_o the_o platform_n pretend_v and_o ask_v what_o commission_n man_n have_v to_o turn_v temporary_a endowment_n into_o perpetual_a place_n or_o according_a to_o personal_a gift_n and_o grace_n to_o distinguish_v ecumenical_a office_n and_o yet_o it_o will_v not_o appear_v that_o ever_o pastor_n be_v distinguish_v from_o doctor_n by_o the_o apostle_n for_o he_o never_o say_v that_o christ_n have_v give_v some_o pastor_n some_o doctor_n but_o his_o word_n be_v ephes_n four_o 11._o that_o he_o give_v some_o pastor_n and_o doctor_n have_v say_v afore_o that_o he_o give_v some_o apostle_n some_o evangelist_n some_o prophet_n distinguish_v those_o but_o comprise_v these_o if_o teach_v and_o preach_v must_v make_v two_o office_n as_o than_o they_o be_v two_o grace_n why_o shall_v not_o exhort_v come_v in_o for_o a_o share_n and_o demand_v that_o there_o may_v be_v a_o office_n institute_v for_o the_o purpose_n of_o it_o as_o well_o as_o for_o teach_v which_o it_o stand_v in_o equipage_n with_o rom_n twelve_o 7_o 8_o why_o shall_v not_o the_o word_n of_o wisdom_n and_o the_o word_n of_o knowledge_n do_v the_o like_a for_o these_o mention_v 1._o cor._n twelve_o 8._o be_v of_o perpetual_a use_n although_o prophecy_n and_o strange_a language_n be_v but_o for_o the_o time_n there_o be_v one_o good_a reason_n to_o be_v give_v and_o no_o more_o because_o perpetual_a ministery_n be_v one_o thing_n temporary_a gift_n be_v another_o thing_n those_o we_o know_v by_o the_o institution_n of_o they_o in_o scripture_n by_o the_o office_n of_o they_o specify_v in_o the_o act_n and_o in_o the_o epistle_n by_o the_o practice_n of_o they_o in_o all_o age_n of_o the_o church_n those_o we_o know_v be_v in_o time_n of_o the_o apostle_n but_o not_o institute_v for_o ministery_n because_o not_o continue_v the_o office_n of_o presbyter_n we_o know_v be_v both_o for_o government_n and_o teach_v both_o be_v find_v in_o s._n peter_n exhortation_n to_o the_o presbyter_n of_o his_o charge_n 1._o pet._n v._o 2._o feed_v the_o flock_n and_o overseeing_a it_o both_o in_o s._n paul_n charge_n to_o the_o presbyter_n of_o ephesus_n act_v xx_o 28._o and_o afterward_o both_o in_o the_o quality_n of_o bishop_n that_o be_v as_o be_v acknowledge_v of_o presbyter_n wherein_o timothy_n be_v instruct_v by_o the_o apostle_n 1._o tim._n iii._o 2_o 5._o both_o contain_v in_o that_o very_a passage_n that_o be_v allege_v to_o bring_v in_o a_o difference_n of_o presbyter_n 1._o tim._n v._o 17._o for_o those_o elder_n that_o rule_v well_o be_v such_o as_o labour_v in_o the_o word_n and_o doctrine_n why_o may_v not_o the_o apostle_n than_o difference_n presbyter_n by_o the_o execution_n of_o their_o function_n as_o well_o as_o by_o the_o function_n themselves_o why_o may_v not_o some_o presbyter_n show_v more_o diligence_n in_o the_o most_o eminent_a point_n of_o the_o office_n take_v special_a pain_n in_o the_o word_n and_o doctrine_n which_o special_a pain_n the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d signify_v and_o yet_o other_o be_v count_v worthy_a of_o double_a
and_o wisdom_n who_o we_o may_v appoint_v over_o this_o business_n but_o have_v the_o person_n be_v find_v not_o qualify_v no_o man_n will_v be_v so_o gross_a as_o to_o think_v the_o apostle_n may_v not_o or_o ought_v not_o to_o control_v the_o choice_n and_o though_o it_o be_v grant_v which_o with_o truth_n can_v be_v grant_v that_o the_o presbyter_n aforesaid_a be_v make_v by_o saul_n and_o barnabas_n upon_o most_o voice_n of_o the_o people_n yet_o if_o we_o reserve_v to_o they_o the_o nomination_n of_o the_o person_n the_o interest_n of_o the_o people_n will_v be_v less_o rather_o than_o more_o than_o the_o people_n of_o this_o church_n use_v at_o the_o present_a though_o not_o in_o themselves_o yet_o in_o the_o patroness_n of_o church_n to_o who_o the_o church_n yield_v it_o in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o people_n in_o respect_n to_o the_o merit_n of_o those_o that_o build_v or_o endow_v church_n at_o least_o if_o the_o ancient_a canon_n be_v in_o use_n for_o though_o it_o be_v a_o little_a without_o the_o term_n of_o my_o subject_n yet_o let_v i_o say_v this_o word_n for_o the_o provision_n of_o pastor_n in_o rural_a congregation_n that_o by_o the_o order_n thus_o far_o specify_v it_o must_v needs_o come_v from_o the_o mother-church_n out_o of_o the_o gremialls_n of_o it_o in_o the_o first_o age_n of_o the_o church_n there_o be_v little_a or_o no_o mention_n but_o of_o presbytery_n in_o gross_a for_o the_o common_a service_n of_o mother-churche_n whereof_o hitherto_o we_o speak_v afterward_o when_o the_o faith_n be_v plant_v and_o congregation_n order_v in_o the_o territory_n of_o those_o city_n or_o diocese_n of_o those_o church_n we_o find_v in_o the_o 25._o canon_n of_o neocesarea_n a_o difference_n make_v between_o the_o presbyter_n of_o they_o whereof_o some_o be_v call_v there_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d other_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d these_o of_o the_o mother-church_n those_o of_o rural_a congregation_n and_o by_o the_o canon_n of_o chalcedon_n mention_v afore_o forbid_v all_o ordination_n at_o large_a but_o for_o the_o service_n of_o the_o city_n church_n or_o other_o depend_v on_o it_o it_o appear_v that_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o ordination_n in_o the_o mother_n church_n wherein_o the_o people_n concur_v no_o otherwise_o then_o have_v be_v say_v whether_o presbyter_n or_o other_o minister_n be_v invest_v in_o their_o charge_n of_o those_o church_n before_o that_o time_n it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o council_n of_o nice_a can._n xv_o forbid_v minister_n to_o pass_v from_o city_n to_o city_n whether_o bishop_n presbyter_n or_o deacon_n that_o be_v to_o leave_v their_o own_o mother-church_n to_o serve_v in_o another_o mother-church_n proceed_v in_o these_o term_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d it_o seem_v good_a to_o put_v down_o the_o fashion_n that_o be_v come_v up_o in_o some_o part_n beside_o the_o rule_n signify_v that_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o church_n from_o the_o beginning_n be_v to_o ordain_v minister_n in_o mother-churche_n for_o the_o service_n of_o those_o mother-churche_n but_o in_o the_o xuj_o canon_n next_o follow_v it_o be_v further_o provide_v that_o they_o shall_v be_v constrain_v to_o return_v to_o their_o first_o charge_n in_o these_o term_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d they_o must_v be_v constrain_v by_o all_o mean_n to_o return_v into_o their_o own_o diocese_n for_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o the_o canon_n signify_v the_o country_n lie_v to_o the_o city_n of_o the_o mother-church_n which_o we_o call_v the_o diocese_n this_o canon_n speak_v of_o presbyter_n and_o deacon_n and_o not_o of_o bishop_n beside_o the_o void_v of_o such_o attempt_n which_o be_v do_v in_o the_o xv_o canon_n afore_o provide_v a_o course_n to_o constrain_v they_o to_o return_v extend_v further_a than_o the_o other_o do_v to_o presbyter_n and_o deacon_n in_o country_n cures_n whereas_o that_o rest_v in_o the_o mother-church_n so_o the_o 3._o canon_n of_o antiochia_n so_o the_o xv_o of_o the_o apostle_n provide_v that_o minister_n shall_v not_o leave_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d their_o diocese_n as_o be_v say_v speak_v plain_a to_o let_v we_o know_v how_o much_o the_o cure_n of_o the_o whole_a diocese_n and_o the_o person_n by_o who_o they_o be_v exercise_v be_v in_o the_o dispose_n of_o the_o mother_n church_n when_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o minister_n of_o they_o can_v not_o depart_v to_o serve_v in_o or_o under_o other_o church_n till_o they_o be_v dismiss_v their_o first_o charge_n with_o letter_n of_o licence_n from_o the_o mother-church_n which_o they_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o dimissorias_fw-la wherein_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o church_n be_v just_a that_o of_o the_o greekish_a colony_n they_o be_v wont_a to_o have_v their_o priest_n send_v they_o from_o the_o mother-city_n and_o reserve_v the_o first_o fruit_n which_o be_v the_o priest_n due_a for_o a_o honour_n to_o their_o founder_n as_o thucydides_n lib._n 1._o and_o his_o scholiast_n write_v allege_v this_o for_o a_o occasion_n of_o that_o war_n because_o those_o of_o corcyra_n neglect_v their_o mother-citie_n of_o corinth_n in_o that_o accustom_a right_n so_o all_o rural_a congregation_n be_v at_o first_o nothing_o but_o colony_n of_o the_o faith_n plant_v from_o mother-churche_n found_v in_o mother-city_n from_o the_o time_n of_o the_o apostle_n it_o be_v but_o reason_n they_o shall_v receive_v their_o pastor_n from_o the_o head_n of_o the_o diocese_n where_o the_o charge_n of_o overseeing_a as_o well_o as_o plant_v they_o belong_v the_o right_a of_o present_v then_o yield_v by_o the_o church_n to_o the_o people_n or_o to_o the_o patron_n it_o concern_v not_o in_o her_o regard_n if_o it_o be_v to_o order_n as_o well_o as_o to_o cure_n be_v more_o than_o the_o people_n shall_v have_v in_o choose_v out_o of_o those_o which_o saul_n and_o barnabas_n may_v nominate_v but_o he_o that_o will_v have_v the_o people_n both_o name_n the_o person_n and_o choose_v out_o of_o those_o themselves_o name_v neglect_v imposition_n of_o hand_n or_o enjoin_v it_o upon_o the_o choice_n must_v first_o put_v the_o epistle_n to_o timothy_n &_o titus_n out_o of_o the_o bible_n lest_o at_o the_o first_o insight_n that_o appear_v to_o belong_v to_o the_o office_n of_o man_n of_o their_o place_n the_o account_n whereof_o lie_v upon_o their_o charge_n as_o for_o the_o constitute_n of_o bishop_n fit_v it_o be_v in_o the_o first_o place_n provision_n be_v make_v for_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o state_n as_o well_o in_o order_v the_o choyce_n as_o in_o approve_v the_o person_n choose_v that_o no_o man_n be_v establish_v prejudicial_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n but_o yet_o that_o course_n in_o which_o the_o christian_a emperor_n of_o ancient_a time_n interpose_v themselves_o to_o nominate_v the_o person_n be_v acknowledge_v to_o be_v beside_o the_o rule_n do_v not_o destroy_v it_o in_o all_o but_o balk_v it_o for_o the_o time_n now_o if_o the_o people_n from_o the_o beginning_n have_v a_o due_a share_n of_o interest_n in_o give_v consent_n to_o those_o which_o be_v to_o be_v ordain_v their_o presbyter_n much_o more_o must_v we_o needs_o think_v that_o it_o be_v due_a and_o of_o right_a that_o the_o vote_n of_o the_o presbyter_n and_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n shall_v go_v before_o in_o design_v the_o person_n under_o who_o and_o with_o who_o they_o be_v to_o guide_v and_o be_v guide_v in_o spiritual_a matter_n as_o for_o imposition_n of_o hand_n of_o neighbour_n bishop_n with_o who_o the_o unity_n of_o the_o church_n be_v to_o be_v preserve_v by_o the_o ordain_v it_o be_v not_o then_o the_o formality_n of_o a_o thing_n do_v but_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o act_n rest_v upon_o the_o account_n of_o they_o that_o do_v it_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o apostle_n charge_n and_o therefore_o though_o it_o be_v not_o easy_a for_o i_o to_o judge_v how_o far_o it_o concern_v the_o church_n to_o retain_v the_o primitive_a form_n yet_o it_o be_v easy_a for_o indifferent_a person_n to_o discern_v how_o much_o be_v require_v to_o the_o retain_v of_o it_o chap._n xiii_o the_o rule_n of_o censure_a person_n ordain_v direct_v to_o timothy_n alone_o the_o office_n exercise_v according_a to_o the_o other_o part_n of_o it_o something_o will_v here_o be_v say_v in_o the_o last_o place_n of_o that_o which_o depend_v upon_o these_o two_o last_o particular_n of_o penance_n and_o ordination_n that_o be_v the_o censure_n of_o offence_n whether_o in_o doctrine_n or_o manner_n of_o person_n ordain_v because_o the_o apostle_n seem_v to_o refer_v this_o to_o timothy_n that_o be_v to_o the_o bishop_n alone_o not_o mention_v any_o concurrence_n of_o his_o presbyter_n in_o it_o for_o so_o we_o read_v 1._o tim._n v._o 19_o 20._o against_o a_o elder_a receive_v not_o a_o accusation_n
according_a to_o that_o which_o we_o conceive_v afore_o from_o the_o begin_n bishop_n be_v propagate_v through_o all_o church_n by_o no_o other_o mean_n but_o by_o the_o assistance_n of_o neighbour_n church_n that_o have_v bishop_n afore_o hereupon_o it_o proceed_v to_o be_v a_o custom_n in_o the_o church_n that_o a_o bishop_n be_v not_o make_v without_o approbation_n and_o consent_n of_o the_o neighbour_n bishop_n from_o who_o he_o be_v to_o receive_v imposition_n of_o hand_n and_o with_o who_o he_o be_v to_o preserve_v the_o unity_n of_o the_o church_n which_o at_o that_o time_n be_v actuate_v by_o no_o mean_n but_o by_o the_o correspondence_n of_o bishop_n in_o the_o name_n of_o their_o church_n this_o be_v the_o ground_n of_o the_o custom_n that_o under_o three_o bishop_n it_o be_v not_o usual_a to_o ordain_v one_o novatianus_n be_v ordain_v by_o no_o less_o at_o rome_n in_o the_o way_n of_o schism_n against_o cornelius_n who_o be_v ordain_v by_o sixteen_o as_o we_o read_v in_o s._n cyprian_n but_o when_o the_o proceed_n of_o this_o business_n come_v to_o be_v regulate_v by_o the_o canon_n of_o nice_a and_o antiochia_n the_o church_n by_o that_o time_n be_v incorporate_a in_o the_o state_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n than_o be_v it_o think_v fit_a that_o a_o bishop_n shall_v be_v make_v by_o all_o the_o bishop_n of_o the_o province_n the_o metropolitan_a that_o be_v the_o bishop_n of_o the_o head_n city_n in_o chief_a without_o who_o nothing_o to_o be_v do_v so_o that_o if_o some_o few_o agree_v not_o the_o business_n nevertheless_o to_o proceed_v and_o be_v execute_v by_o three_o at_o the_o least_o the_o intent_n be_v indeed_o so_o far_o as_o opportunity_n shall_v serve_v that_o these_o act_n shall_v be_v do_v at_o the_o provincial_n synod_n of_o bishop_n to_o be_v hold_v twice_o a_o year_n by_o the_o five_o canon_n of_o nice_a as_o may_v be_v observe_v among_o other_o in_o that_o which_o saint_n augustine_n mention_v contra_fw-la cresc_n iii._o 26._o de_fw-la vestris_fw-la majoribus_fw-la exstat_fw-la secundi_fw-la tigisitani_n concilium_fw-la cum_fw-la paucissimis_fw-la quidem_fw-la factum_fw-la apud_fw-la cirtam_fw-la post_fw-la persecutionem_fw-la codicum_fw-la tradendorum_fw-la ut_fw-la ibi_fw-la in_o locum_fw-la defuncti_fw-la ordinaretur_fw-la episcopus_fw-la if_o no_o such_o fall_v out_o it_o be_v provide_v that_o three_o may_v do_v it_o the_o rest_n consent_v under_o their_o hand_n can._n 19_o conc._n antioch_n thus_o without_o consent_n of_o the_o bishop_n all_o proceed_n of_o clergy_n and_o people_n be_v quite_o disable_v and_o becalm_v if_o any_o faction_n any_o sinister_a practice_n appear_v in_o they_o and_o all_o this_o upon_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o apostle_n to_o timothy_n lay_v hand_n sudden_o on_o no_o man_n neither_o be_v partaker_n of_o other_o man_n sin_n and_o by_o virtue_n of_o their_o ordination_n a_o bishop_n be_v establish_v and_o invest_v so_o that_o a_o bishop_n with_o jurisdiction_n before_o ordination_n be_v a_o estate_n not_o yet_o come_v into_o the_o world_n so_o long_o as_o the_o primitive_a custom_n and_o rule_n of_o the_o church_n be_v in_o force_n which_o it_o seem_v succeed_a custom_n have_v bring_v to_o pass_v since_o now_o of_o all_o part_n of_o the_o office_n common_a to_o bishop_n and_o presbyter_n this_o of_o ordination_n be_v that_o which_o the_o bishop_n first_o begin_v to_o exercise_v alone_o so_o that_o with_o s._n chrysostome_n and_o s._n hierome_n it_o be_v take_v in_o a_o manner_n for_o grant_v that_o it_o be_v to_o be_v do_v by_o he_o alone_o the_o one_o hom._n 11._o in_o 1._o ad_fw-la tim._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d only_o in_o ordination_n the_o bishop_n go_v beyond_o the_o presbyter_n that_o be_v it_o alone_o which_o they_o seem_v to_o have_v more_o than_o these_o the_o other_o ep._n ad_fw-la euagr._fw-la quid_fw-la enim_fw-la facit_fw-la episcopus_fw-la except_o â_fw-la ordinatione_fw-la quod_fw-la presbyter_n non_fw-la facit_fw-la except_v ordination_n which_o a_o bishop_n do_v a_o presbyter_n as_o he_o grant_v do_v not_o in_o which_o nevertheless_o set_v aside_o the_o stroke_n the_o presbyter_n have_v in_o make_v their_o bishop_n if_o we_o take_v not_o our_o mark_n amiss_o we_o shall_v find_v argument_n enough_o at_o least_o at_o the_o beginning_n for_o the_o concurrence_n of_o presbyter_n with_o he_o in_o make_v of_o presbyter_n and_o other_o inferior_a order_n in_o the_o first_o place_n those_o general_a passage_n of_o the_o father_n wherein_o be_v witness_v that_o the_o presbytery_n be_v a_o bench_n assistant_n to_o the_o bishop_n without_o advice_n whereof_o nothing_o of_o moment_n be_v do_v must_v needs_o be_v draw_v into_o consequence_n to_o argue_v that_o it_o have_v effect_n in_o a_o particular_a of_o this_o weight_n then_o the_o ordination_n of_o timothy_n by_o imposition_n of_o hand_n of_o the_o presbytery_n will_v prove_v no_o less_o within_o compass_n of_o the_o scripture_n indeed_o it_o be_v well_o know_v that_o the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o ecclesiastical_a writer_n signify_v divers_a time_n the_o office_n and_o rank_n of_o presbyter_n which_o signification_n divers_a here_o embrace_v expound_v imposition_n of_o hand_n of_o the_o presbytery_n to_o mean_v that_o by_o which_o the_o rank_n of_o presbyter_n be_v confer_v but_o the_o apostle_n word_n run_v as_o they_o do_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d oblige_v a_o man_n to_o ask_v when_o he_o be_v come_v as_o far_o as_o the_o imposition_n of_o the_o hand_n of_o who_o or_o who_o hand_n they_o be_v he_o speak_v of_o which_o the_o next_o word_n satisfy_v have_v it_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o sense_n may_v better_o have_v be_v divert_v but_o run_v as_o it_o do_v with_o the_o article_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d with_o imposition_n of_o the_o hand_n it_o remain_v that_o it_o be_v specify_v in_o the_o next_o word_n who_o hand_n be_v impose_v as_o in_o the_o other_o place_n 2._o tim._n i._n 6._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d with_o imposition_n of_o my_o hand_n thus_o this_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o the_o gospel_n luke_n xxii_o 66._o and_o in_o ignatius_n his_o epistle_n signify_v the_o college_n of_o presbyter_n which_o have_v the_o nature_n and_o respect_n of_o a_o person_n in_o law_n and_o therefore_o be_v read_v in_o the_o singular_a for_o the_o whole_a bench_n and_o be_v assemble_v and_o set_v be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o both_o place_n and_o in_o cornelius_n of_o rome_n his_o epistle_n to_o s._n cyprian_n where_o he_o say_v placuit_fw-la contrahere_fw-la presbyterium_fw-la but_o to_o put_v the_o signification_n of_o the_o word_n out_o of_o doubt_n by_o the_o circumstance_n of_o the_o sense_n call_v to_o mind_v the_o prophecy_n that_o go_v before_o concern_v timothy_n and_o compare_v his_o case_n with_o the_o apostle_n and_o the_o prophecy_n that_o go_v before_o of_o he_o in_o like_a case_n and_o the_o imposition_n of_o hand_n which_o thereupon_o both_o receive_v and_o sure_o it_o will_v prove_v a_o unreprovable_a ground_n to_o conclude_v that_o what_o be_v express_v in_o the_o apostle_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o the_o disciple_n that_o these_o prophecy_n come_v from_o the_o minister_n of_o the_o church_n concern_v the_o purpose_n to_o which_o god_n have_v ordain_v they_o in_o his_o service_n occasion_v that_o which_o they_o do_v about_o both_o in_o give_v they_o imposition_n of_o hand_n and_o that_o as_o s._n paul_n receive_v imposition_n of_o hand_n from_o the_o presbyter_n of_o antiochia_n so_o do_v timothy_n from_o s._n paul_n and_o the_o presbyter_n of_o that_o church_n which_o he_o speak_v of_o but_o name_v not_o neither_o be_v the_o argument_n of_o this_o interest_n quite_o wear_v out_o of_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o church_n either_o in_o the_o point_n of_o nominate_v the_o person_n or_o that_o of_o impose_v hand_n for_o when_o s._n cyprian_n express_v himself_o so_o oft_o in_o this_o particular_a that_o it_o be_v not_o his_o purpose_n to_o do_v any_o thing_n without_o advice_n of_o his_o presbyter_n and_o consent_n of_o his_o people_n it_o be_v not_o his_o meaning_n that_o the_o clergy_n shall_v bear_v no_o other_o part_n in_o this_o work_n than_o do_v the_o multitude_n but_o as_o they_o be_v distinct_a body_n so_o according_a to_o his_o own_o word_n to_o expect_v advice_n from_o they_o as_o concern_v the_o person_n to_o be_v promote_v but_o consent_n from_o the_o people_n if_o there_o be_v no_o fault_n to_o be_v find_v of_o moment_n with_o the_o person_n design_v and_o in_o these_o term_n the_o matter_n stand_v in_o the_o 22._o canon_n of_o of_o that_o which_o be_v call_v the_o four_o council_n of_o carthage_n where_o be_v provide_v ut_fw-la episcopus_fw-la sine_fw-la consilio_fw-la clericorum_fw-la suorum_fw-la clericos_fw-la non_fw-la ordinet_fw-la it_o à _fw-la ut_fw-la civium_fw-la assensum_fw-la &_o testimonium_fw-la &_o
conniventiam_fw-la quaerat_fw-la and_o as_o for_o imposition_n of_o hand_n we_o have_v in_o the_o epistle_n aforesaid_a of_o firmilianus_n bishop_n of_o caesarea_n cappadocia_n if_o not_o rather_o of_o the_o whole_a act_n of_o ordination_n omnis_fw-la potestas_fw-la &_o gratia_fw-la in_o ecclesia_fw-la constituta_fw-la est_fw-la in_fw-la qua_fw-la president_n majores_fw-la natu_fw-la qui_fw-la &_o baptizandi_fw-la &_o manum_fw-la imponendi_fw-la &_o ordinandi_fw-la habent_fw-la potestatem_fw-la and_o in_o ignatius_n his_o epistle_n to_o hero_n whosoever_o write_v it_o it_o be_v ancient_a enough_o to_o speak_v to_o our_o purpose_n speak_v to_o his_o deacon_n of_o his_o presbyter_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d they_o baptize_v they_o celebrate_v the_o eucharist_n they_o impose_v hand_n in_o penance_n they_o ordain_v thou_o ministre_v unto_o they_o as_o holy_a stephen_n at_o jerusalem_n to_o james_n and_o the_o presbyter_n and_o where_o it_o be_v provide_v conc._n carthag_n 4._o c._n 3._o that_o the_o presbyter_n when_o the_o bishop_n give_v imposition_n of_o hand_n shall_v likewise_o impose_v their_o hand_n by_o he_o it_o behove_v we_o in_o their_o case_n also_o to_o call_v to_o mind_n that_o this_o be_v and_o be_v and_o ought_v to_o be_v in_o sign_n of_o their_o consent_n to_o what_o be_v do_v the_o apostle_n have_v say_v to_o timothy_n lay_v hand_n sudden_o on_o no_o man_n neither_o be_v partaker_n of_o other_o man_n sin_n but_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o people_n be_v inhanse_v beyond_o all_o measure_n or_o rule_v of_o primitive_a practice_n it_o will_v not_o serve_v the_o turn_n that_o the_o people_n have_v then_o satisfaction_n of_o the_o person_n and_o their_o competence_n to_o the_o ministery_n to_o which_o they_o be_v ordain_v unless_o we_o will_v believe_v that_o when_o it_o be_v say_v act_v four_o 23._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o meaning_n be_v that_o they_o be_v make_v by_o most_o voice_n of_o the_o people_n signify_v by_o hold_v up_o their_o hand_n as_o we_o find_v in_o demosthenes_n and_o other_o that_o custom_n to_o have_v be_v in_o greekish_a commonalty_n saul_n and_o barnabas_n do_v nothing_o but_o moderate_v the_o choice_n that_o be_v in_o effect_n tell_v the_o voice_n and_o to_o this_o purpose_n be_v allege_v that_o of_o the_o apostle_n 2._o cor._n viij_o 19_o and_o not_o that_o only_o but_o who_o be_v also_o choose_v of_o the_o church_n to_o travel_v with_o we_o with_o this_o grace_n that_o be_v administer_v by_o we_o where_o in_o the_o greek_a be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d signify_v election_n as_o they_o will_v have_v it_o and_o not_o ordination_n see_v the_o office_n of_o carry_v alm_n require_v no_o imposition_n of_o hand_n to_o which_o let_v i_o add_v if_o they_o refuse_v not_o that_o help_n the_o word_n of_o ignatius_n much_o in_o the_o same_o kind_n for_o in_o his_o epistle_n ad_fw-la smyrn_n &_o add_v polyc._o out_o of_o his_o care_n and_o affection_n to_o his_o church_n at_o antiochia_n have_v receive_v news_n of_o their_o good_a estate_n and_o find_v himself_o in_o the_o like_a he_o desire_v the_o church_n of_o smyrna_n and_o polycarpus_n to_o choose_v one_o to_o go_v with_o their_o letter_n to_o antiochia_n who_o he_o will_v have_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d so_o it_o shall_v be_v read_v not_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o messenger_n in_o matter_n belong_v to_o god_n to_o certify_v they_o of_o his_o good_a estate_n and_o to_o congratulate_v with_o they_o of_o their_o own_o this_o office_n it_o seem_v require_v no_o imposition_n of_o hand_n and_o therefore_o that_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d by_o which_o ignatius_n desire_v they_o to_o appoint_v it_o signify_v as_o it_o shall_v seem_v not_o ordination_n but_o election_n by_o the_o same_o reason_n as_o that_o of_o the_o apostle_n the_o rest_n that_o be_v bring_v to_o avouch_v this_o new_a conceit_n be_v the_o word_n of_o zonaras_n upon_o the_o first_o of_o the_o canon_n of_o the_o apostle_n where_o in_o down_o right_a term_n he_o deliver_v the_o use_n of_o this_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o come_v from_o the_o fashion_n of_o give_v voice_n by_o hold_v up_o hand_n use_v in_o the_o church_n at_o first_o to_o discern_v on_o which_o side_z most_o voice_n be_v from_o whence_o it_o come_v afterward_o to_o be_v use_v for_o imposition_n of_o hand_n but_o let_v they_o bethink_v themselves_o that_o if_o these_o presbyter_n be_v make_v by_o saul_n and_o barnabas_n by_o hold_v up_o hand_n of_o the_o people_n than_o be_v they_o not_o make_v by_o imposition_n of_o their_o own_o hand_n for_o if_o we_o take_v that_o sense_n of_o the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o other_o must_v needs_o be_v exclude_v and_o then_o let_v i_o ask_v if_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n reasonable_a to_o measure_v the_o sense_n of_o the_o apostle_n language_n by_o what_o be_v do_v at_o athens_n rathen_a then_o by_o that_o which_o among_o the_o jew_n from_o whence_o the_o faith_n of_o christ_n be_v transplant_v be_v know_v and_o in_o use_n or_o to_o imagine_v that_o the_o apostle_n to_o follow_v the_o fashion_n of_o greekish_a commonalty_n never_o hear_v of_o in_o after_o age_n of_o the_o church_n shall_v balk_v the_o ceremony_n which_o the_o people_n of_o god_n have_v receive_v from_o moses_n which_o be_v from_o old_a time_n frequent_v in_o create_v their_o sanedrin_n judge_n which_o the_o apostle_n in_o their_o own_o person_n practise_v which_o the_o church_n have_v always_o observe_v in_o promote_a of_o minister_n signify_v the_o overshadow_v of_o the_o holy_a ghost_n and_o pray_v to_o obtain_v it_o to_o the_o word_n of_o the_o apostle_n and_o ignatius_n see_v they_o have_v in_o they_o no_o appearance_n of_o resolute_a sense_n let_v i_o answer_v two_o way_n first_o though_o they_o be_v not_o ordain_v by_o imposition_n of_o hand_n yet_o it_o be_v no_o inconvenience_n they_o shall_v be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d use_v the_o word_n in_o a_o general_a sense_n for_o those_o that_o be_v ordain_v or_o constitute_v in_o any_o form_n because_o this_o form_n be_v so_o frequent_v in_o divers_a occasion_n as_o for_o the_o purpose_n among_o the_o jew_n all_o their_o rabbi_n be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o in_o the_o letter_n signify_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o ordain_v by_o imposition_n of_o hand_n because_o at_o the_o first_o so_o they_o be_v make_v though_o they_o be_v not_o promote_v after_o that_o form_n but_o make_v as_o since_o they_o be_v ordinary_o make_v by_o write_v or_o word_n of_o mouth_n as_o rab._n moses_n in_o sanedrin_n chap._n 4._o write_v but_o in_o the_o second_o place_n observe_v the_o word_n which_o ignatius_n write_v to_o polycarpus_n about_o this_o matter_n use_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d where_o for_o the_o constitute_n of_o a_o person_n fit_a for_o this_o purpose_n he_o advise_v he_o to_o convent_n one_o of_o these_o assembly_n wherein_o they_o use_v to_o advise_v about_o ordination_n as_o have_v be_v say_v and_o therefore_o it_o seem_v no_o inconvenience_n to_o think_v that_o he_o desire_v he_o to_o be_v ordain_v to_o that_o purpose_n whereupon_o it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o inquire_v a_o little_a further_o to_o what_o ministry_n in_o the_o church_n such_o a_o person_n may_v be_v think_v to_o be_v ordain_v wherein_o if_o we_o fail_v not_o perhaps_o it_o will_v make_v we_o able_a to_o give_v a_o fair_a conjecture_n at_o that_o of_o the_o apostle_n by_o the_o correspondence_n of_o the_o case_n ignatius_n in_o the_o epistle_n to_o the_o philadelphian_o write_v to_o they_o for_o the_o same_o purpose_n as_o here_o he_o do_v to_o those_o of_o smyrna_n though_o the_o sense_n be_v hitherto_o disguise_v in_o the_o print_a copy_n in_o which_o the_o word_n run_v thus_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o word_n it_o be_v plain_o make_v no_o sense_n but_o i_o have_v see_v the_o write_a copy_n of_o a_o old_a translation_n of_o these_o epistle_n in_o barbarous_a latin_a in_o caius_n college_n library_n here_o with_o we_o in_o which_o these_o word_n be_v render_v thus_o quod_fw-la annunciatum_fw-la est_fw-la mihi_fw-la pacem_fw-la habere_fw-la ecclesiam_fw-la quae_fw-la est_fw-la in_o antiochia_n syriae_n decens_fw-la est_fw-la vos_fw-la ut_fw-la ecclesiam_fw-la dei_fw-la ordinare_fw-la diaconum_fw-la ad_fw-la intercedendum_fw-la illic_fw-la dei_fw-la intercessionem_fw-la in_o congaudere_fw-la ipsis_fw-la in_o idipsum_fw-la factis_fw-la &_o glorific_a be_v nomen_fw-la he_o that_o make_v this_o translation_n read_v here_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o stead_n of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d &_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o now_o be_v read_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o make_v it_o no_o sense_n and_o this_o be_v without_o