Linguistic DNA - Concept Modelling Demonstrator

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
act_n	appear_v	execution_n	great_a	60	3	2.0769	3	false

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A80192	The Second part of Modern reports, being a collection of several special cases most of them adjudged in the Court of Common Pleas, in the 26, 27, 28, 29, & 30th years of the reign of King Charles II. when Sir. Fra. North was Chief Justice of the said court. : To which are added, several select cases in the Courts of Chancery, King's-Bench, and Exchequer in the said years. / Carefully collected by a learned hand.	Colquitt, Anthony.; Washington, Joseph, d. 1694.; Great Britain. Court of Exchequer.; England and Wales. Court of Common Pleas.; England and Wales. Court of Chancery.; England and Wales. Court of King's Bench.	1698 (1698)	Wing C5416; ESTC R171454	291,993	354

shall_v take_v revenge_n themselves_o for_o which_o reason_n he_o hold_v the_o action_n will_v lie_v atkyns_n justice_n contra_fw-la this_o be_v not_o a_o common_a action_n upon_o the_o case_n but_o a_o action_n found_v upon_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 2_o of_o r._n 2._o upon_o the_o construction_n whereof_o the_o resolution_n of_o this_o case_n will_v depend_v whether_o the_o action_n will_v lie_v or_o not_o and_o as_o to_o that_o he_o consider_v 1._o the_o occasion_n 2._o the_o scope_n 3._o the_o part_n of_o the_o statute_n 1._o the_o occasion_n of_o it_o be_v mention_v in_o cotton_n abridgement_n of_o the_o record_n of_o the_o tower_n f._n 173._o nu_fw-la 9_o and_o 10._o at_o the_o summon_n of_o this_o parliament_n the_o bishop_n of_o st._n david_n declare_v the_o cause_n of_o their_o meeting_n and_o tell_v both_o the_o house_n of_o the_o mischief_n that_o have_v happen_v by_o divers_a slanderous_a person_n and_o sower_n of_o discord_n which_o he_o say_v be_v dog_n that_o eat_v raw_a flesh_n the_o meaning_n of_o which_o be_v that_o they_o devour_v and_o eat_v one_o another_o to_o prevent_v which_o the_o bishop_n desire_v a_o remedy_n and_o his_o request_n seem_v to_o be_v the_o occasion_n of_o make_v this_o law_n for_o ex_fw-la malis_fw-la moribus_fw-la bonae_fw-la nascuntur_fw-la leges_fw-la 2._o the_o scope_n of_o the_o act_n be_v to_o restrain_v unruly_a tongue_n from_o raise_v false_a report_n and_o tell_v story_n and_o lie_n of_o the_o peer_n and_o great_a officer_n of_o the_o kingdom_n so_o that_o the_o design_n of_o the_o act_n be_v to_o prevent_v those_o imminent_a danger_n which_o may_v arise_v and_o be_v occasion_v by_o such_o false_a slander_n 3._o then_o the_o part_n of_o the_o act_n be_v three_o viz._n recite_v the_o offence_n and_o the_o mischief_n then_o mention_v the_o ill_a effect_n and_o appoint_v of_o a_o penalty_n from_o whence_o he_o observe_v 1._o that_o here_o be_v no_o new_a offence_n make_v or_o declare_v for_o nothing_o be_v prohibit_v by_o this_o statute_n but_o what_o be_v so_o at_o the_o common_a law_n before_o the_o offence_n to_o be_v punish_v by_o this_o act_n be_v mala_fw-la in_o se_fw-la and_o those_o be_v offence_n against_o the_o moral_a law_n they_o must_v be_v such_o in_o their_o nature_n as_o bear_v of_o false_a witness_n and_o these_o be_v offence_n against_o a_o common_a person_n which_o he_o admit_v to_o be_v aggravate_v by_o the_o eminency_n of_o the_o person_n against_o who_o they_o be_v speak_v but_o every_o uncivil_a word_n or_o rude_a expression_n speak_v even_o of_o a_o great_a man_n will_v not_o bear_v a_o action_n and_o therefore_o a_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v upon_o this_o statute_n for_o every_o false_a lie_n but_o it_o must_v be_v horrible_a as_o well_o as_o false_a and_o such_o as_o be_v punishable_a in_o the_o high_a commission_n court_n which_o be_v enormous_a crime_n 12_o co._n 43._o by_o this_o description_n of_o the_o offence_n and_o the_o consequence_n and_o effect_n thereof_o he_o say_v he_o can_v better_v judge_n whether_o the_o word_n be_v actionable_a or_o not_o and_o he_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o statute_n do_v not_o extend_v to_o word_n of_o a_o small_a and_o trivial_a nature_n nor_o to_o all_o word_n which_o be_v actionable_a but_o only_o to_o such_o which_o be_v of_o a_o great_a magnitude_n such_o by_o which_o discord_n may_v arise_v between_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o to_o the_o great_a peril_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o such_o which_o be_v great_a slander_n and_o horrible_a lie_n which_o be_v word_n purposely_o put_v into_o this_o statute_n for_o the_o aggravation_n and_o distinction_n of_o the_o crime_n and_o therefore_o such_o word_n which_o be_v actionable_a at_o the_o common_a law_n may_v not_o be_v so_o within_o this_o statute_n because_o not_o horrible_a great_a scandal_n he_o do_v not_o deny_v but_o that_o these_o be_v undecent_a and_o uncivil_a word_n and_o very_o ill_o apply_v to_o that_o honourable_a person_n of_o who_o they_o be_v speak_v but_o no_o body_n can_v think_v that_o they_o be_v horrible_a great_a slander_n or_o that_o any_o debate_n may_v arise_v between_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o by_o reason_n such_o word_n be_v speak_v of_o this_o peer_n or_o that_o it_o shall_v tend_v to_o the_o great_a peril_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o quick_a destruction_n thereof_o such_o as_o these_o be_v not_o likely_a to_o be_v the_o effect_n and_o consequence_n of_o these_o word_n and_o therefore_o can_v not_o be_v within_o the_o meaning_n of_o the_o act_n because_o they_o do_v not_o agree_v with_o the_o description_n give_v in_o it_o 2._o here_o be_v no_o new_a punishment_n inflict_v on_o the_o offender_n for_o at_o the_o common_a law_n any_o person_n for_o such_o offence_n as_o herein_o be_v describe_v may_v have_v be_v fine_v and_o imprison_v either_o upon_o indictment_n or_o information_n bring_v against_o he_o and_o no_o other_o punishment_n be_v give_v here_o but_o imprisonment_n even_o at_o the_o common_a law_n scandal_n of_o a_o peer_n may_v be_v punish_v by_o pillory_n and_o loss_n of_o ear_n 5_o co._n 125._o de_fw-fr libellis_fw-la famosis_n 12_o co._n 37._o 9_o co._n 59_o lamb_n case_n so_o that_o it_o appear_v this_o be_v a_o offence_n at_o the_o common_a law_n but_o aggravate_v now_o because_o against_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n which_o be_v a_o positive_a law_n much_o like_o a_o proclamation_n which_o be_v set_v forth_o to_o enforce_v the_o execution_n of_o a_o law_n by_o which_o the_o offence_n be_v afterward_o great_a he_o do_v agree_v that_o a_o action_n will_v lie_v upon_o this_o statute_n though_o there_o be_v no_o express_a word_n to_o give_v it_o to_o a_o peer_n because_o where_o there_o be_v a_o prohibition_n and_o a_o wrong_n and_o damage_n arise_v to_o the_o party_n by_o do_v the_o thing_n prohibit_v in_o such_o case_n the_o common_a law_n do_v entitle_v the_o party_n to_o a_o action_n 10_o co._n 75._o 12_o co._n 100_o 103._o and_o such_o be_v the_o resolution_n in_o the_o earl_n of_o northampton_n case_n upon_o construction_n of_o the_o law_n as_o incident_a to_o the_o statute_n and_o as_o the_o offence_n be_v great_a because_o of_o the_o act_n and_o as_o the_o action_n will_v lie_v upon_o the_o statute_n so_o the_o party_n injure_v may_v sue_v in_o a_o qui_fw-la tam_fw-la which_o he_o can_v not_o have_v do_v before_o the_o make_v this_o law_n 3._o but_o that_o such_o word_n as_o these_o be_v not_o actionable_a at_o the_o common_a law_n much_o less_o by_o the_o statute_n for_o the_o defendant_n speak_v only_o his_o judgement_n and_o opinion_n and_o do_v not_o direct_o charge_v the_o plaintiff_n with_o any_o thing_n and_o may_v well_o be_v resemble_v to_o such_o case_n as_o be_v in_o roll_n abridgm_n 1_o part_n 57_o pl_z 30._o which_o be_v a_o little_a more_o solemn_a because_o adjudge_v upon_o a_o special_a verdict_n the_o word_n be_v speak_v of_o a_o justice_n of_o peace_n thou_o be_v a_o bloodsucker_n and_o not_o fit_a to_o live_v in_o a_o commonwealth_n these_o be_v not_o hold_v actionable_a because_o they_o neither_o relate_v to_o his_o office_n or_o fix_v any_o crime_n upon_o he_o fol._n 43._o in_o the_o same_o book_n thou_o deserve_v to_o be_v hang_v not_o actionable_a because_o it_o be_v only_o his_o opinion_n so_o where_o the_o word_n be_v general_a without_o any_o particular_a circumstance_n they_o make_v no_o impression_n and_o gain_v no_o credit_n and_o therefore_o in_o cro._n car._n 111._o 1_o roll._n abridgm_n 107._o pl._n 43._o you_o be_v no_o true_a subject_n to_o the_o king_n the_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v in_o this_o case_n it_o be_v say_v the_o plaintiff_n act_v against_o law_n which_o do_v not_o imply_v a_o habit_n in_o he_o so_o to_o do_v and_o when_o word_n may_v as_o well_o be_v take_v in_o a_o mild_a as_o in_o a_o severe_a sense_n the_o rule_n be_v quod_fw-la in_o mitiori_fw-la sensu_fw-la accipienda_fw-la sunt_fw-la now_o these_o word_n be_v capable_a of_o such_o a_o favourable_a construction_n for_o no_o more_o be_v say_v of_o the_o plaintiff_n than_o what_o in_o some_o sense_n may_v be_v say_v of_o every_o person_n whatsoever_o for_o who_o can_v boast_v of_o his_o innocency_n who_o keep_v close_o in_o all_o his_o action_n to_o law_n and_o reason_n and_o to_o say_v a_o man_n act_n against_o both_o may_v imply_v that_o he_o depart_v from_o those_o rule_n in_o some_o particular_a case_n where_o it_o be_v the_o error_n of_o his_o judgement_n only_o in_o the_o duke_n of_o buckingham_n case_n sheppard_n abridgement_n 1_o part_n f._n 28._o viz._n you_o be_v use_v to_o do_v thing_n against_o law_n and_o mention_n a_o particular_a fact_n there_o indeed_o because_o of_o usage_n of_o the_o ill_a practice_n it_o be_v hold_v that_o a_o action_n lie_v but_o if_o he_o have_v be_v

defendant_n by_o the_o steward_n of_o the_o burrow_n of_o southwark_n for_o that_o he_o refuse_v to_o take_v the_o oath_n and_o serve_v as_o a_o scavenger_n in_o the_o say_v burrough_n though_o due_o elect_v according_a to_o custom_n there_o and_o upon_o nil_fw-la debt_n plead_v the_o jury_n find_v a_o special_a verdict_n the_o substance_n of_o which_o be_v viz._n they_o find_v the_o act_n of_o 14_o car._n 2._o cap._n 2._o and_o the_o proviso_n therein_o which_o govern_v this_o case_n viz._n that_o all_o street_n and_o lane_n in_o london_n westminster_n and_o the_o liberty_n thereof_o shall_v be_v pave_v as_o they_o have_v always_o use_v to_o be_v then_o follow_v another_o clause_n by_o which_o it_o be_v enact_v that_o scavenger_n shall_v be_v choose_v in_o the_o city_n of_o london_n and_o the_o liberty_n thereof_o according_a to_o the_o ancient_a usage_n and_o custom_n so_o likewise_o in_o the_o city_n of_o westminster_n but_o nothing_o be_v therein_o mention_v of_o southwark_n and_o in_o all_o other_o place_n a_o new_a form_n of_o choose_v be_v prescribe_v viz._n in_o the_o other_o parish_n the_o constable_n churchwarden_n etc._n etc._n shall_v meet_v in_o the_o easter-week_n and_o choose_v two_o scavenger_n in_o every_o respective_a parish_n so_o that_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o act_n must_v be_v though_o southwark_n be_v not_o name_v that_o still_o scavenger_n shall_v be_v choose_v there_o as_o formerly_z because_o london_n and_o the_o liberty_n thereof_o be_v to_o follow_v their_o ancient_a custom_n in_o the_o choice_n of_o this_o officer_n and_o southwark_n be_v within_o the_o city_n liberties_n but_o whether_o the_o custom_n of_o choose_v of_o he_o be_v not_o take_v away_o by_o this_o statute_n and_o so_o the_o fine_a not_o well_o assess_v be_v the_o question_n quer._n exit_fw-la partte_fw-la quer._n baldwyn_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n argue_v that_o admit_v in_o southwark_n a_o scavenger_n may_v be_v choose_v according_a to_o the_o new_a form_n prescribe_v in_o the_o act_n yet_o this_o statute_n be_v only_o in_o the_o b._n the_o hob._n 173._o dyer_n 341._o b._n affirmative_a and_o do_v not_o thereby_o take_v away_o the_o custom_n of_o choose_v he_o at_o the_o leet_n like_o the_o case_n in_o dyer_n 50._o a_o act_n that_o the_o young_a son_n shall_v have_v a_o appeal_n of_o the_o death_n of_o his_o father_n 17._o hob._n 17._o yet_o that_o do_v not_o exclude_v the_o elder_a because_o it_o be_v the_o common_a law_n and_o there_o be_v no_o word_n to_o restrain_v he_o in_o the_o 11_o co._n 63._o doctor_n foster_n case_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o 35_o eliz._n against_o recusant_n which_o give_v the_o penalty_n of_o 20_o l._n ê“_n month_n against_o the_o offender_n the_o 12_o d._n for_o the_o neglect_n of_o every_o sunday_n give_v by_o a_o former_a eliz._n former_a 1_o eliz._n statute_n be_v not_o take_v away_o but_o where_o there_o be_v a_o negative_a clause_n in_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n the_o law_n be_v otherwise_o as_o a_o act_n that_o the_o session_n of_o the_o peace_n shall_v be_v keep_v at_o beaumarris_n tantum_fw-la &_o non_fw-la alibi_fw-la infra_fw-la com_n etc._n etc._n and_o the_o justice_n keep_v it_o at_o another_o place_n and_o several_a be_v indict_v before_o they_o at_o that_o time_n but_o the_o justice_n be_v fine_v and_o all_o their_o proceed_n hold_v coram_fw-la non_fw-la judice_fw-la by_o reason_n of_o the_o negative_a prohibition_n dyer_n 135._o 68_o 1_o inst_z sect._n 500_o 2_o inst_z 68_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la cap._n 34._o a_o woman_n shall_v bring_v no_o appeal_n but_o for_o the_o death_n of_o her_o husband_n which_o she_o may_v at_o common_a law_n before_o the_o make_n of_o this_o statute_n if_o therefore_o she_o be_v heir_n to_o her_o father_n the_o appeal_n which_o she_o may_v have_v bring_v for_o his_o death_n by_o these_o negative_a word_n be_v take_v away_o def._n exit_fw-la parte_fw-la def._n barrel_n for_o the_o defendant_n though_o this_o law_n be_v in_o the_o affirmative_a yet_o since_o it_o do_v not_o prejudice_v any_o person_n neither_o can_v it_o be_v injurious_a if_o scavenger_n be_v choose_v as_o direct_v by_o the_o act_n it_o shall_v be_v take_v as_o a_o negative_a clause_n and_o for_o this_o many_o instance_n may_v be_v give_v as_o the_o statute_n for_o devise_v part_n of_o the_o testator_n land_n do_v not_o take_v away_o the_o custom_n to_o devise_v the_o whole_a for_o that_o will_v be_v a_o apparent_a prejudice_n to_o the_o party_n but_o not_o so_o in_o this_o case_n where_o it_o be_v not_o find_v that_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o manor_n sustain_v any_o loss_n for_o he_o be_v to_o have_v nothing_o when_o a_o scavenger_n be_v choose_v in_o the_o leet_n nor_o be_v the_o inhabitant_n prejudice_v for_o by_o this_o new_a choose_v their_o street_n shall_v be_v keep_v as_o clean_o as_o before_o the_o form_n here_o establish_v do_v not_o consist_v with_o the_o custom_n and_o so_o have_v the_o effect_n of_o a_o negative_a clause_n hob._n 298._o it_o appear_v by_o the_o scope_n of_o the_o act_n that_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o parliament_n be_v to_o take_v away_o those_o old_a custom_n of_o choose_v because_o the_o custom_n be_v express_o save_v in_o london_n and_o westminster_n but_o in_o all_o other_o place_n a_o new_a way_n be_v appoint_v the_o pavement_n of_o the_o street_n in_o southwark_n shall_v be_v as_o before_o but_o that_o clause_n go_v no_o far_o and_o therefore_o concern_v not_o the_o case_n of_o a_o scavenger_n who_o duty_n be_v not_o to_o pave_v but_o cleanse_v the_o street_n and_o the_o word_n viz._n liberty_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n will_v not_o help_v because_o southwark_n be_v not_o comprehend_v under_o they_o in_o that_o clause_n no_o more_o than_o be_v the_o land_n which_o they_o have_v in_o yorkshire_n for_o the_o word_n liberties_n 48._o liberties_n postea_fw-la 48._o there_o be_v take_v for_o limit_n and_o can_v admit_v of_o no_o other_o construction_n last_o that_o the_o plaintiff_n can_v have_v judgement_n because_o he_o have_v not_o allege_v the_o custom_n to_o be_v that_o the_o steward_n may_v fine_a in_o case_n of_o the_o refusal_n to_o take_v the_o oath_n etc._n etc._n and_o custom_n be_v to_o be_v take_v stict_o the_o chief_a justice_n and_o justice_n atkins_n say_v that_o it_o be_v true_a scavenger_n be_v under_o the_o power_n of_o the_o court_n leet_n by_o custom_n and_o in_o case_n of_o refusal_n may_v be_v fine_v as_o well_o as_o a_o ale-taster_n but_o this_o act_n of_o parliament_n have_v take_v notice_n that_o there_o be_v scavenger_n before_o that_o time_n and_o southwark_n be_v therein_o name_v as_o distinct_a from_o the_o liberty_n of_o london_n for_o it_o be_v provide_v that_o westminster_n london_n and_o the_o liberty_n thereof_o and_o southwark_n be_v to_o have_v the_o street_n pave_v as_o before_o which_o do_v not_o belong_v to_o the_o office_n of_o a_o scavenger_n and_o so_o that_o clause_n in_o the_o act_n concern_v not_o this_o case_n but_o where_o it_o enact_v that_o in_o london_n and_o westminster_n scavenger_n shall_v be_v choose_v as_o before_o but_o in_o all_o other_o place_n appoint_v a_o new_a way_n this_o be_v as_o much_o as_o if_o it_o have_v say_v that_o scavenger_n shall_v be_v choose_v in_o every_o place_n as_o by_o the_o act_n prescribe_v and_o no_o other_o way_n except_o in_o london_n and_o westminster_n and_o so_o great_a be_v the_o inconsistency_n between_o the_o custom_n and_o the_o act_n that_o they_o can_v stand_v both_o together_o therefore_o though_o the_o act_n be_v but_o temporary_a the_o custom_n be_v suspend_v and_o though_o it_o may_v be_v some_o damage_n to_o the_o lord_n to_o make_v such_o construction_n yet_o that_o will_v not_o alter_v the_o case_n for_o lawmakers_n be_v presume_v to_o have_v respect_n to_o the_o public_a good_a more_o than_o to_o any_o private_a man_n profit_n and_o the_o lord_n may_v be_v say_v in_o this_o case_n to_o have_v dispense_v with_o his_o interest_n be_v a_o party_n to_o the_o act_n and_o consent_v thereunto_o but_o wyndham_n and_o ellis_n justice_n incline_v that_o the_o custom_n do_v continue_v because_o the_o act_n be_v in_o the_o affirmative_a and_o therefore_o they_o will_v not_o construe_v it_o to_o take_v away_o a_o man_n right_n and_o interest_n or_o a_o custom_n where_o he_o have_v a_o benefit_n as_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o manor_n have_v in_o this_o case_n who_o be_v prejudice_v by_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o fee_n and_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o statute_n seem_v to_o they_o to_o be_v that_o scavenger_n shall_v be_v choose_v where_o none_o be_v before_o but_o not_o to_o take_v away_o custom_n for_o choose_v of_o they_o but_o another_o argument_n be_v desire_v by_o sergeant_n howel_n the_o recorder_n of_o london_n rozal_n versus_fw-la lampen_a barr._n variance_n in_o the_o action_n no_o

construction_n can_v be_v make_v of_o they_o but_o that_o a_o estate_n in_o possession_n be_v thereby_o intend_v to_o pass_v 4._o object_n that_o this_o fine_a and_o grant_n must_v be_v construe_v to_o enure_v according_a to_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o party_n ut_fw-la res_fw-la magis_fw-la valeat_fw-la and_o they_o never_o intend_v to_o make_v a_o forfeiture_n answ_n certain_o no_o man_n ever_o intend_v to_o make_v a_o forfeiture_n of_o his_o own_o estate_n those_o be_v general_o the_o effect_n of_o ignorance_n and_o not_o of_o the_o will_n as_o the_o case_n of_o gimlet_n and_o sand_n cro._n car._n 856._o car._n 1_o roll._n abr._n 856._o 391._o where_o tenant_n in_o fee_n make_v a_o feoffment_n to_o two_o to_o the_o use_n of_o himself_o for_o life_n then_o to_o the_o use_n of_o his_o wife_n for_o life_n remainder_n in_o tail_n to_o his_o son_n and_o heir_n remainder_n to_o his_o own_o right_a heir_n and_o afterward_o he_o make_v another_o feoffment_n to_o smith_n with_o warranty_n the_o mother_n and_o son_n join_v in_o another_o feoffment_n adjudge_v that_o this_o be_v a_o forfeiture_n of_o her_o estate_n for_o life_n though_o she_o have_v no_o notice_n of_o the_o warranty_n make_v by_o her_o husband_n for_o the_o feoffment_n make_v by_o he_o be_v a_o public_a act_n upon_o the_o land_n and_o she_o ought_v to_o have_v take_v notice_n of_o it_o and_o though_o by_o she_o join_v in_o the_o feoffment_n with_o her_o son_n she_o do_v not_o intend_v to_o forfeit_v her_o estate_n yet_o the_o law_n adjudge_v according_a to_o what_o be_v do_v but_o in_o the_o case_n at_o barr_n the_o intention_n of_o the_o party_n may_v be_v collect_v by_o the_o act_n do_v and_o there_o be_v great_a reason_n to_o presume_v that_o the_o party_n thereby_o intend_v to_o displace_v the_o reversion_n for_o the_o husband_n join_v in_o the_o fine_a and_o in_o the_o warranty_n if_o it_o be_v no_o divest_v the_o warranty_n be_v of_o no_o use_n another_o objection_n have_v be_v only_o mention_v which_o be_v that_o admit_v this_o shall_v amount_v to_o a_o displace_n if_o the_o estate_n have_v be_v in_o possession_n yet_o in_o this_o case_n it_o will_v not_o because_o it_o be_v prevent_v by_o the_o lease_n for_o year_n in_o be_v but_o that_o can_v hinder_v the_o execution_n of_o this_o fine_a it_o be_v a_o fine_a sur_fw-fr concessit_fw-la which_o be_v executory_a in_o its_o nature_n and_o do_v not_o pass_v any_o estate_n or_o take_v any_o effect_n till_o execute_v and_o so_o be_v the_o book_n 41_o 5._o 3._o 14._o b._n but_o in_o this_o case_n the_o fine_a be_v execute_v which_o may_v be_v by_o matter_n in_o pais_fw-fr as_o well_o as_o by_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la and_o as_o to_o this_o purpose_n may_v be_v execute_v by_o the_o entry_n of_o the_o conusor_n b._n 1_o rep._n 106._o dyer_n 376._o b._n without_o sue_v out_o any_o execution_n 38_o ed._n 3._o brook_z tit_n scire_fw-la facias_fw-la 199._o if_o there_o have_v be_v a_o fine_a execute_v there_o will_v have_v be_v little_a doubt_v leave_v in_o this_o case_n and_o by_o the_o attornment_n of_o the_o lessee_n for_o year_n it_o must_v be_v admit_v that_o this_o fine_a be_v execute_v as_o 8_o ed._n 3._o f._n 44._o for_o a_o fine_a of_o a_o reversion_n may_v be_v execute_v to_o all_o purpose_n by_o the_o attornment_n of_o the_o lessee_n for_o year_n and_o if_o so_o when_o a_o fine_a executory_a be_v once_o execute_v it_o be_v as_o good_a as_o a_o fine_a sur_fw-fr conusance_fw-fr de_fw-fr droit_fw-fr come_v ceo_fw-la to_o make_v a_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o particular_a estate_n where_o a_o feoffment_n be_v make_v and_o a_o lease_n for_o year_n be_v in_o be_v the_o feoffment_n be_v not_o good_a because_o in_o such_o case_n there_o must_v be_v a_o present_a transposition_n of_o the_o estate_n pitt_n postea_fw-la moor_n and_o pitt_n which_o be_v hinder_v by_o the_o lease_n but_o in_o case_n of_o a_o fine_a which_o be_v a_o feoffment_n upon_o record_n a_o lease_n for_o year_n be_v no_o impediment_n or_o displace_n of_o the_o reversion_n for_o if_o tenant_n in_o tail_n expectant_a upon_o a_o lease_n for_o year_n levy_v a_o fine_a it_o be_v a_o discontinuance_n of_o the_o tail_n and_o notwithstanding_o this_o lease_n the_o fine_a have_v such_o a_o operation_n upon_o the_o freehold_n that_o it_o displace_v the_o reversion_n in_o fee_n co._n lit._n 332._o and_o therefore_o if_o a_o lease_n for_o year_n prevent_v not_o a_o discontinuance_n it_o will_v much_o less_o hinder_v a_o displace_n in_o this_o case_n but_o no_o judgement_n be_v give_v now_o in_o this_o case_n another_o matter_n be_v debate_v whether_o the_o plaintiff_n can_v have_v judgement_n because_o he_o be_v bar_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o limitation_n for_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v that_o he_o have_v be_v in_o possession_n for_o twenty_o year_n past_a and_o the_o verdict_n have_v not_o find_v any_o claim_n or_o that_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v within_o the_o proviso_n of_o the_o act._n waterfield_n versus_fw-la the_o bishop_n of_o chichester_n administer_v oath_n exit_fw-la officio_fw-la not_o to_o be_v administer_v a_o prohibition_n be_v grant_v last_o easter-term_n to_o the_o bishop_n of_o chichester_n upon_o a_o suggestion_n make_v by_o waterfield_n that_o he_o be_v choose_v churchwarden_n of_o the_o parish_n church_n of_o arundel_n in_o the_o county_n of_o sussex_n the_o bishop_n tender_v he_o a_o oath_n ex_fw-la officio_fw-la which_o be_v that_o he_o shall_v present_v every_o parishioner_n who_o have_v do_v any_o offence_n or_o neglect_v any_o duty_n mention_v in_o certain_a article_n contain_v in_o a_o print_a book_n deliver_v to_o he_o some_o of_o which_o article_n concern_v the_o churchwarden_n himself_o and_o so_o in_o effect_n he_o be_v to_o swear_v against_o himself_o in_o case_n of_o any_o default_n which_o be_v express_o against_o the_o statute_n of_o 13_o car._n 2._o 232_o sid._n 232_o cap._n 12._o which_o prohibit_v any_o person_n have_v ecclesiastical_a jurisdiction_n to_o administer_v the_o oath_n ex_fw-la officio_fw-la or_o any_o other_o oath_n whereby_o the_o person_n to_o who_o it_o be_v administer_v may_v be_v charge_v to_o accuse_v himself_o of_o any_o criminal_a matter_n whereby_o he_o may_v be_v liable_a to_o any_o censure_n or_o punishment_n and_o because_o the_o bishop_n have_v excommunicate_v he_o for_o refuse_v such_o oath_n he_o pray_v a_o prohibition_n which_o be_v grant_v quoad_fw-la the_o compel_a he_o to_o make_v any_o answer_n to_o the_o say_a article_n concern_v himself_o and_o the_o excommunication_n be_v discharge_v but_o now_o upon_o the_o motion_n of_o sergeant_n brampston_n a_o consultation_n be_v award_v because_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o affidavit_fw-la of_o the_o commissary_n who_o tender_v this_o oath_n and_o likewise_o by_o the_o act_n of_o the_o court_n that_o he_o be_v excommunicate_v for_o refuse_v to_o take_v the_o oath_n of_o a_o church_n warden_n according_a to_o law_n which_o be_v the_o only_a oath_n tender_v and_o therefore_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o prohibition_n be_v false_a a_o consultation_n be_v award_v in_o this_o prohibition_n it_o be_v recite_v that_o the_o bishop_n can_v give_v a_o oath_n but_o in_o two_o case_n viz._n in_o matter_n testamentary_a and_o matrimonial_a whereas_o they_o have_v authority_n in_o many_o case_n more_o it_o be_v true_a also_o that_o until_o his_o jurisdiction_n be_v increase_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n he_o can_v hold_v plea_n in_o none_o but_o those_o two_o cause_n 537._o 2_o inst_z 487_o 537._o but_o by_o the_o statute_n de_fw-fr circumspect_a agatis_fw-la and_o of_o articuli_fw-la cleri_fw-la he_o may_v now_o hold_v plea_n in_o many_o other_o case_n the_o bishop_n inform_v the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n that_o the_o plaintiff_n waterfeild_n have_v cause_v 2000_o of_o the_o prohibition_n to_o be_v print_v in_o english_a and_o have_v disperse_v they_o all_o over_o the_o kingdom_n intitul_a they_o a_o true_a translate_a copy_n of_o a_o writ_n of_o prohibition_n grant_v by_o the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n and_o other_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o court_n of_o common_a plea_n in_o easter-term_n 1676._o against_o the_o bishop_n of_o chichester_n who_o have_v proceed_v against_o and_o excommunicate_v one_o thomas_n waterfield_n a_o churchwarden_n for_o refuse_v to_o take_v the_o oath_n usual_o tender_v to_o person_n in_o such_o office_n by_o which_o writ_n the_o illegality_n of_o all_o such_o oath_n be_v declare_v and_o the_o say_a bishop_n command_v to_o take_v off_o his_o excommunication_n and_o this_o be_v declare_v by_o the_o court_n to_o be_v a_o most_o seditious_a libel_n and_o give_v order_n to_o inquire_v after_o the_o printer_n that_o he_o may_v be_v prosecute_v eleanor_z plummer_n versus_fw-la sir_n jeremy_n whitchot_n intr._n trin._n 27_o or_o 28_o car._n 2._o rot._n 301._o in_o b._n r._n in_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n for_o a_o escape_n upon_o nil_fw-la debet_fw-la

of_o land_n tenement_n and_o hereditament_n it_o be_v adjudge_v entail_v land_n do_v not_o pass_v do_v not_o concern_v this_o case_n but_o now_o since_o they_o be_v make_v forfeitable_a by_o that_o statute_n such_o general_a word_n be_v sufficient_a to_o serve_v the_o turn_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o 16_o r._n 2._o cap._n 5._o entail_v land_n be_v not_o forfeit_v in_o a_o praemunire_n but_o during_o the_o life_n of_o tenant_n in_o tail_n because_o they_o be_v not_o then_o to_o be_v forfeit_v for_o treason_n 3._o 2_o inst_z 334._o 1_o inst_z 3._o co._n lit._n 130._o if_o then_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o crime_n of_o which_o sir_n john_n danvers_n be_v guilty_a be_v treason_n and_o if_o entail_a land_n be_v forfeit_v for_o treason_n then_o when_o the_o act_n say_v that_o he_o shall_v forfeit_v all_o his_o land_n by_o those_o general_a word_n his_o entail_a land_n shall_v be_v forfeit_v and_o though_o by_o the_o common_a law_n there_o can_v be_v no_o attainder_n in_o this_o case_n the_o party_n be_v dead_a yet_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n that_o may_v be_v do_v and_o the_o word_n in_o this_o act_n amount_v to_o a_o attainder_n the_o intent_n of_o it_o be_v to_o forfeit_v estate_n tail_n which_o may_v be_v collect_v from_o the_o general_a word_n for_o if_o a_o fee-simple_n be_v forfeit_v though_o not_o name_v why_o not_o a_o estate_n tail_n especial_o since_o the_o word_n hereditament_n be_v very_o comprehensive_a and_o may_v take_v in_o both_o those_o estate_n spelman_n glossary_a 227._o 2_o roll._n rep._n 503._o in_o the_o very_a act_n of_o 26_o h._n 8._o cap._n 13._o estate_n tail_n be_v not_o name_v for_o the_o word_n be_v every_o offender_n convict_v of_o treason_n etc._n etc._n shall_v forfeit_v all_o such_o land_n tenement_n and_o hereditament_n which_o he_o shall_v have_v of_o any_o estate_n of_o inheritance_n in_o use_n possession_n or_o by_o any_o right_n title_n or_o mean_n etc._n etc._n and_o yet_o a_o construction_n have_v be_v make_v thereupon_o in_o favour_n of_o the_o crown_n so_o a_o dignity_n of_o a_o earldom_n entail_v be_v forfeitable_a by_o this_o statute_n by_o the_o word_n hereditament_n 7_o co._n 34._o afterward_o in_o hillary_n term_n rainsford_n chief_a justice_n deliver_v the_o opinion_n of_o the_o court_n judgement_n judgement_n that_o upon_o construction_n of_o the_o act_n of_o pain_n and_o penalty_n this_o estate_n tail_n be_v forfeit_v to_o the_o king_n he_o agree_v the_o series_n and_o progress_n of_o estate_n tail_n to_o have_v be_v as_o argue_v by_o the_o solicitor_n and_o that_o the_o question_v now_o be_v whether_o by_o the_o act_n of_o pain_n etc._n etc._n estate_n tail_n can_v be_v forfeit_v unless_o there_o be_v express_a word_n to_o take_v away_o the_o force_n of_o the_o statute_n de_fw-fr donis_fw-la conditionalibus_fw-la co._n preface_n to_o 3_o co._n for_o by_o that_o statute_n there_o be_v a_o settle_a perpetuity_n tenant_n in_o tail_n can_v neither_o forfeit_v or_o alien_n his_o estate_n no_o not_o in_o case_n of_o treason_n and_o forfeiture_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o alienation_n but_o afterward_o by_o the_o resolution_n in_o ed._n 4._o a_o alienation_n by_o a_o common_a recovery_n be_v construe_v to_o be_v out_o of_o the_o say_a statute_n and_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o fines_n 4_o h._n 7._o which_o be_v expound_v by_o a_o subsequent_a statute_n of_o 32_o h._n 8._o cap._n 36._o tenant_n in_o tail_n notwithstanding_o his_o former_a restraint_n have_v power_n to_o alien_a the_o estate_n tail_n and_o bar_v his_o issue_n but_o all_o this_o while_n his_o estate_n be_v not_o to_o be_v forfeit_v for_o treason_n till_o the_o statute_n of_o 33_o h._n 8._o cap._n 20._o which_o give_v uses_n right_n entry_n condition_n as_o well_o as_o possession_n reversion_n remainder_n and_o all_o other_o thing_n of_o a_o person_n attaint_v of_o treason_n by_o the_o common_a or_o statute_n law_n of_o the_o realm_n to_o the_o king_n as_o if_o such_o attainder_n have_v be_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n then_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 5_o &_o 6_o ed._n cap._n 11._o it_o be_v enact_v that_o a_o offender_n be_v guilty_a of_o high_a treason_n and_o lawful_o convict_v shall_v forfeit_v to_o the_o king_n all_o such_o land_n tenement_n and_o hereditament_n which_o he_o shall_v have_v of_o any_o estate_n of_o inheritance_n in_o his_o own_o right_n in_o use_n or_o possession_n by_o which_o statute_n that_o de_fw-fr donis_fw-la conditionalibus_fw-la be_v take_v off_o in_o case_n of_o treason_n as_o it_o have_v be_v before_o by_o the_o resolution_n in_o 12_o e._n 4._o and_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o fines_n as_o to_o the_o alienation_n of_o a_o estate_n tail_n by_o fine_a and_o recovery_n if_o therefore_o this_o act_n of_o pain_n etc._n etc._n will_v admit_v of_o such_o a_o construction_n as_o to_o make_v estate_n tail_n forfeit_a here_o be_v a_o crime_n great_a enough_o to_o deserve_v such_o a_o great_a punishment_n a_o crime_n for_o which_o the_o parliament_n have_v order_v a_o anniversary_n to_o be_v keep_v for_o ever_o with_o fast_v and_o humiliation_n to_o implore_v that_o the_o gild_n of_o that_o innocent_a blood_n then_o shed_v may_v not_o be_v require_v of_o our_o posterity_n this_o they_o esteem_v as_o another_o kind_n of_o original_a sin_n which_o unless_o thus_o expiate_v may_v extend_v not_o only_a ad_fw-la natos_fw-la sed_fw-la qui_fw-la nascantur_fw-la ab_fw-la illis_fw-la and_o that_o this_o act_n will_v admit_v of_o such_o a_o construction_n these_o reason_n be_v give_v 1._o from_o the_o general_a comprehensive_a word_n mention_v those_o thing_n which_o be_v to_o be_v forfeit_v viz._n message_n land_n tenement_n reversion_n and_o interest_n which_o last_o word_n signify_v the_o estate_n in_o the_o land_n as_o well_o as_o the_o land_n itself_o or_o otherwise_o the_o word_n must_v be_v construe_v to_o have_v no_o effect_n 2._o estate_n tail_n be_v not_o now_o protect_v by_o the_o clause_n in_o the_o statute_n de_fw-fr donis_fw-la 334._o donis_fw-la inst_z 334._o non_fw-la habet_fw-la potestatem_fw-la alienandi_fw-la but_o be_v subject_n to_o the_o forfeiture_n by_o the_o act_n of_o h._n 8._o which_o though_o it_o extend_v to_o attainder_n only_o yet_o it_o be_v a_o good_a rule_n for_o the_o judge_n to_o make_v a_o construction_n of_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n by_o especial_o in_o such_o a_o case_n as_o this_o wherein_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o the_o law_n do_v look_v upon_o these_o offender_n if_o not_o attaint_v yet_o in_o pari_fw-la gradu_fw-la with_o such_o person_n and_o therefore_o may_v be_v a_o good_a warrant_n to_o make_v the_o like_a construction_n as_o in_o case_n of_o attainder_n 3._o because_o the_o offender_n be_v dead_a for_o have_v they_o be_v live_v there_o may_v have_v be_v better_a reason_n to_o have_v construe_v this_o act_n not_o to_o extend_v to_o estate_n tail_n because_o than_o something_o may_v be_v forfeit_v viz._n a_o estate_n for_o life_n and_o therefore_o the_o act_n will_v signify_v very_o little_a if_o such_o construction_n can_v not_o be_v make_v of_o it_o to_o reach_v estate_n tail_n of_o such_o person_n who_o be_v dead_a at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o make_v the_o law_n especial_o since_o it_o be_v well_o know_v that_o when_o man_n engage_v in_o such_o crime_n they_o give_v what_o protection_n they_o can_v to_o their_o estate_n and_o place_v they_o as_o far_o as_o they_o can_v out_o of_o danger_n 4._o it_o appear_v by_o the_o act_n that_o the_o lawmaker_n do_v not_o intend_v that_o the_o child_n of_o such_o offender_n shall_v have_v any_o benefit_n of_o their_o estate_n because_o in_o the_o proviso_n there_o be_v a_o save_n of_o all_o estate_n of_o purchaser_n for_o money_n bona_fw-la fide_fw-la pay_v and_o therein_o also_o a_o particular_a exception_n of_o the_o wife_n and_o child_n and_o heir_n of_o the_o offender_n and_o if_o the_o act_n will_v not_o protect_v the_o estate_n of_o the_o child_n though_o they_o shall_v be_v purchaser_n for_o a_o valuable_a consideration_n it_o will_v never_o protect_v their_o estate_n under_o a_o voluntary_a conveyance_n make_v by_o the_o ancestor_n especial_o in_o this_o case_n because_o the_o entail_v carry_v a_o suspicion_n with_o it_o that_o it_o be_v design_v with_o a_o prospect_n to_o commit_v this_o crime_n for_o sir_n john_n danvers_n be_v tenant_n in_o tail_n before_o and_o in_o the_o year_n 1647._o levy_n a_o fine_a to_o bar_v that_o entail_v and_o then_o limit_n a_o new_a estate_n tail_n to_o himself_o in_o which_o there_o be_v a_o provision_n to_o make_v lease_n for_o any_o number_n of_o year_n upon_o what_o live_v soever_o in_o possession_n or_o reversion_n with_o rent_n or_o without_o it_o and_o this_o be_v but_o the_o year_n before_o the_o crime_n commit_v 5._o the_o proviso_n in_o the_o act_n for_o save_v the_o estate_n of_o purchaser_n do_v protect_v all_o conveyance_n and_o

but_o it_o be_v deny_v for_o the_o court_n agree_v the_o writ_n well_o issue_v some_o have_v make_v a_o difference_n between_o the_o king_n bench_n and_o the_o common_a plea_n as_o if_o a_o execution_n may_v go_v into_o wales_n upon_o a_o judgement_n obtain_v in_o the_o king_n bench_n but_o aliter_fw-la if_z in_o the_o common-plea_n but_o the_o law_n be_v the_o same_o in_o both_o court_n mich._n 1653._o between_o wyn_n and_o griffith_n this_o very_a case_n come_v in_o question_n and_o there_o it_o be_v hold_v that_o execution_n go_v into_o wales_n as_o well_o as_o into_o any_o part_n of_o england_n upon_o a_o judgement_n in_o the_o court_n of_o westminster_n in_o 2_o bulstr_n 54._o hall_n versus_fw-la rotheram_n it_o be_v hold_v that_o a_o ca._n sa_o shall_v go_v into_o wales_n against_o the_o bail_n upon_o a_o judgement_n recover_v in_o the_o kings-bench_n here_o against_o the_o principal_a of_o the_o same_o opinion_n be_v justice_n atkins_n and_o that_o the_o defendant_n can_v aver_v against_o the_o sheriff_n return_v nor_o a_o bishop_n certificate_n and_o the_o true_a reason_n be_v give_v by_o my_o lord_n coke_n in_o 2_o inst_z 452._o for_o the_o sheriff_n be_v but_o a_o officer_n and_o have_v no_o day_n in_o court_n to_o justify_v his_o return_n in_o special_a case_n exception_n may_v be_v make_v to_o the_o sheriff_n return_v but_o this_o be_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o special_a provision_n that_o be_v make_v for_o the_o do_v of_o it_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o w._n 2._o cap._n 39_o as_o in_o case_n too_o small_a issue_n be_v return_v or_o that_o the_o sheriff_n return_v a_o rescous_a the_o party_n in_o his_o averment_n must_v allege_v of_o what_o value_n the_o issue_n be_v 2_o that_o notwithstanding_o the_o common_a saying_n breve_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la non_fw-la currit_fw-la in_o walliam_n yet_o a_o fi._n fa._n ca._n sa._n or_o any_o execution_n whatsoever_o may_v issue_v into_o wales_n upon_o a_o judgement_n obtain_v here_o and_o to_o prove_v this_o he_o consider_v 1._o how_o wales_n former_o stand_v in_o relation_n to_o england_n 2._o how_o it_o stand_v before_o it_o be_v unite_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o h._n 8._o 3._o how_o it_o now_o stand_v since_o the_o union_n 1._o and_o as_o to_o the_o first_o of_o these_o england_n and_o wales_n be_v once_o but_o one_o nation_n they_o use_v the_o same_o language_n law_n and_o religion_n and_o so_o continue_v till_o the_o time_n of_o the_o roman_a conquest_n before_o which_o they_o be_v both_o comprehend_v under_o one_o name_n viz._n the_o isle_n of_o great_a britain_n but_o when_o the_o roman_n come_v those_o britain_n who_o will_v not_o submit_v to_o their_o yoke_n betake_v themselves_o to_o such_o place_n where_o they_o think_v themselves_o most_o secure_a which_o be_v the_o mountain_n in_o wales_n and_o from_o whence_o they_o come_v again_o soon_o after_o the_o roman_n be_v drive_v away_o by_o their_o dissension_n here_o and_o then_o these_o britain_n enjoy_v their_o ancient_a right_n as_o before_o after_o this_o come_v the_o saxon_n and_o give_v they_o another_o disturbance_n and_o then_o the_o kingdom_n be_v divide_v into_o a_o heptarchy_n and_o then_o also_o and_o not_o till_o then_o begin_v the_o welsh_a to_o be_v distinguish_v from_o the_o english_a but_o yet_o at_o that_o time_n they_o have_v great_a possession_n in_o england_n viz._n gloucester_n part_n of_o worcester_n hereford_n shrewsbury_n which_o they_o keep_v till_o king_n offa_n drive_v they_o out_o of_o the_o plain_a country_n and_o make_v they_o fly_v for_o shelter_n into_o those_o mountainous_a part_n in_o wales_n where_o they_o now_o continue_v cambden_n 15._o and_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o though_o wales_n have_v king_n and_o prince_n yet_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v superiority_n over_o they_o for_o to_o he_o they_o be_v homager_n cambden_n 67._o the_o word_n princeps_fw-la imply_v a_o subordinate_a dignity_n selden_n title_n of_o honour_n 593._o 2_o during_o the_o time_n of_o the_o separation_n wales_n have_v distinct_a law_n and_o custom_n from_o those_o in_o england_n whence_o that_o say_n take_v its_o effect_n viz._n breve_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la non_fw-la currit_fw-la in_o walliam_n yet_o the_o parliament_n of_o england_n before_o that_o time_n make_v law_n to_o bind_v wales_n as_o the_o act_n of_o 25_o edw._n 1._o for_o confirmation_n of_o the_o old_a great_a charter_n of_o the_o liberty_n of_o england_n and_o of_o the_o forest_n which_o enact_v that_o certain_a duty_n shall_v be_v pay_v for_o every_o sack_n of_o wool_n etc._n etc._n export_v out_o of_o wales_n 2_o inst_z 531._o so_o the_o statute_n 3_o edw._n 1._o cap._n 17._o which_o give_v remedy_n if_o a_o distress_n be_v take_v and_o detain_v in_o a_o castle_n and_o upon_o deliverance_n demand_v by_o the_o sheriff_n if_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o castle_n shall_v refuse_v he_o may_v raise_v the_o posse_fw-la comitatus_fw-la and_o beat_v down_o the_o castle_n and_o if_o such_o detainer_n or_o refusal_n be_v in_o the_o march_n of_o wales_n the_o king_n as_o the_o statute_n say_v be_v sovereign_a lord_n of_o all_o and_o shall_v do_v right_a upon_o complaint_n and_o the_o conquest_n be_v not_o make_v till_o 9_o e._n 1._o so_o that_o at_o that_o time_n likewise_o though_o wales_n have_v prince_n of_o its_o own_o 400._o vaugh._n 400._o yet_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v sovereign_n to_o those_o prince_n and_o though_o they_o have_v law_n of_o their_o own_o yet_o be_v they_o bind_v by_o those_o that_o be_v make_v here_o and_o though_o their_o prince_n have_v ordinary_a remedial_a writ_n yet_o in_o case_n extraordinary_a the_o king_n writ_n here_o run_v into_o wales_n and_o it_o be_v not_o for_o want_v of_o power_n but_o because_o there_o be_v no_o need_n for_o that_o it_o go_v so_o seldom_o and_o when_o the_o king_n writ_n do_v issue_v it_o be_v necessary_a to_o direct_v it_o to_o the_o sheriff_n of_o a_o english_a county_n for_o wales_n be_v not_o then_o divide_v into_o shire_n but_o afterward_o by_o the_o act_n call_v statutum_n walliae_fw-la 12_o edw._n 1._o 239._o 1._o 2_o inst_z 195._o 4_o inst_z 239._o it_o be_v divide_v into_o six_o county_n and_o then_o again_o by_o the_o act_n of_o 27_o h._n 8._o cap._n 26._o it_o be_v divide_v into_o the_o other_o six_o county_n but_o during_o this_o time_n there_o be_v frequent_a hostility_n between_o england_n and_o wales_n until_o by_o the_o conquest_n in_o edw._n 1._o time_n they_o be_v unite_v it_o be_v pretend_v that_o h._n 3._o father_n to_o edw._n 1._o be_v the_o conqueror_n and_o it_o be_v probable_a something_o considerable_a may_v be_v do_v in_o his_o time_n yet_o the_o absolute_a conquest_n of_o the_o whole_a dominion_n be_v make_v by_o edw._n 1._o in_o who_o time_n the_o aforesaid_a statutum_n walliae_n be_v make_v 415._o vaugh._n 414_o 415._o and_o after_o that_o the_o statute_n of_o 27_o h._n 8._o to_o complete_a the_o union_n the_o end_n of_o which_o be_v declare_v to_o bring_v the_o subject_n of_o both_o to_o a_o entire_a unity_n and_o that_o it_o may_v be_v do_v with_o effect_n it_o be_v enact_v that_o the_o law_n of_o england_n be_v execute_v there_o 54._o â—_o bul_v 54._o for_o which_o reason_n it_o be_v hold_v in_o 5_o co._n rep._n vaughan_n case_n fol._n 49._o that_o the_o statute_n of_o jeofail_n do_v extend_v to_o wales_n and_o in_o 2_o bulstr_n 156._o debate_n 156._o this_o be_v a_o resolution_n upon_o no_o debate_n the_o sheriff_n of_o radnor_n upon_o a_o scire_fw-la fac_n direct_v to_o he_o return_v breve_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la non_fw-la currit_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o be_v amerce_v 10_o l._n for_o his_o false_a return_n vide_fw-la 19_o h_n 6._o 20._o fitzherb_n trial_n pl._n 40._o tit_n jurisdiction_n 13_o e._n 3._o 23_o 24_o 34._o idem_fw-la brief_a 621._o &_o assize_n 382._o it_o be_v object_v that_o by_o express_a provision_n in_o 1_o e._n 6._o cap._n 10._o exigent_n and_o proclamation_n shall_v be_v award_v out_o of_o the_o court_n of_o westminster_n into_o wales_n which_o if_o they_o may_v before_o this_o law_n be_v then_o needless_a it_o be_v true_a the_o opinion_n of_o the_o parliament_n seem_v to_o be_v that_o have_v it_o not_o be_v for_o this_o particular_a provision_n such_o proclamation_n may_v not_o have_v issue_v for_o by_o 6_o h._n 8._o cap._n 4._o 414._o vaugh._n 414._o such_o proclamation_n go_v but_o to_o the_o next_o county_n but_o they_o do_v not_o declare_v so_o and_o perhaps_o they_o may_v ground_v themselves_o upon_o that_o vulgar_a error_n breve_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la non_fw-la currit_fw-la in_o walliam_n which_o be_v not_o true_a unless_o the_o clause_n be_v limit_v to_o original_a writ_n only_o objection_n that_o the_o statute_n of_o 5_o el._n cap._n 23._o which_o enact_v that_o the_o excommunicato_fw-la capiendo_fw-la shall_v be_v return_v in_o the_o kings-bench_n

case_n can_v not_o be_v suppose_v to_o prevent_v the_o forfeiture_n because_o if_o that_o have_v be_v the_o jury_n will_v have_v find_v it_o the_o meaning_n of_o the_o party_n must_v make_v a_o construction_n here_o and_o that_o seem_v very_o strong_a that_o it_o be_v a_o good_a lease_n but_o they_o give_v no_o judgement_n wilkinson_n versus_fw-la sir_n richard_n lloyd_n not_o where_o the_o party_n shall_v join_v in_o a_o action_n where_o not_o the_o defendant_n covenant_v that_o he_o will_v not_o agreÃ©_v for_o the_o take_v the_o farm_n of_o the_o excise_n of_o beer_n and_o ale_n for_o the_o county_n of_o york_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o another_o and_o the_o plaintiff_n alone_o bring_v this_o action_n of_o covenant_n and_o assign_v for_o breach_n the_o defendant_n agree_v for_o the_o say_a excise_n without_o his_o consent_n upon_o which_o the_o plaintiff_n have_v a_o verdict_n and_o 1000_o l._n damage_n give_v and_o sergeant_n pemberton_n move_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n for_o that_o a_o action_n of_o covenant_n will_v not_o lie_v in_o this_o case_n by_o the_o plaintiff_n alone_o because_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v join_v with_o the_o other_o both_o of_o they_o have_v a_o joint_a interest_n and_o so_o be_v slingsby_n case_n 5_o co._n if_o a_o bond_n be_v make_v to_o two_o joint_o and_o several_o they_o must_v both_o join_v in_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n so_o here_o it_o be_v a_o joint_a contract_n and_o both_o must_v be_v plaintiff_n so_o also_o if_o one_o covenant_n with_o two_o to_o pay_v each_o of_o they_o 20_o l._n they_o must_v both_o join_v it_o be_v true_a in_o slingsbies_n case_n it_o be_v hold_v if_o a_o assurance_n be_v make_v to_o a._n of_o white_a acre_n and_o to_o b._n of_o black_a acre_n and_o to_o c._n of_o green_a acre_n and_o a_o covenant_n with_o they_o and_o every_o of_o they_o these_o last_o word_n make_v the_o covenant_n several_a but_o here_o be_v nothing_o of_o a_o several_a interest_n no_o more_o than_o that_o one_o covenant_n with_o two_o that_o he_o will_v not_o join_v in_o a_o lease_n without_o their_o consent_n so_o that_o their_o interest_n not_o be_v divide_v the_o covenant_n shall_v be_v entire_a and_o take_v according_a to_o the_o first_o word_n to_o be_v a_o joint_a covenant_n and_o the_o rather_o because_o if_o the_o plaintiff_n may_v maintain_v this_o action_n alone_o the_o other_o may_v bring_v a_o second_o action_n and_o the_o defendant_n will_v be_v subject_a to_o entire_a damage_n which_o may_v be_v give_v in_o both_o judgement_n judgement_n but_o the_o court_n be_v of_o another_o opinion_n that_o here_o be_v no_o joint_a interest_n but_o that_o each_o of_o the_o covenantee_n may_v maintain_v a_o action_n for_o his_o particular_a damage_n or_o otherwise_o one_o of_o they_o may_v be_v remediless_a for_o suppose_v one_o of_o they_o have_v give_v his_o consent_n that_o the_o defendant_n shall_v farm_v this_o excise_n and_o have_v secret_o receive_v some_o satisfaction_n or_o recompense_n for_o so_o do_v be_v it_o reasonable_a that_o the_o other_o shall_v lose_v his_o remedy_n who_o never_o do_v consent_n for_o which_o reason_n the_o plaintiff_n have_v his_o judgement_n page_n versus_fw-la tulse_n mil_n '_o &_o alios_fw-la vic'_fw-fr mid_a '_o the_o plaintiff_n bring_v a_o action_n on_o the_o case_n against_o the_o sheriff_n for_o a_o false_a return_n post_n case_n lie_v not_o against_o the_o sheriff_n for_o return_v a_o cepi_n corpus_n &_o paratum_fw-la habeo_fw-la though_o the_o party_n do_v not_o appear_v mod._n rep._n 239._o ellis_n and_o yarborough_n post_n set_v forth_o that_o he_o sue_v a_o capias_fw-la out_o of_o this_o court_n direct_v to_o the_o sheriff_n of_o middlesex_n by_o virtue_n whereof_o he_o arrest_v the_o party_n and_o take_v bail_v for_o his_o appearance_n and_o at_o the_o day_n of_o the_o return_n of_o the_o write_v the_o sheriff_n return_v cepi_n corpus_fw-la &_o paratum_fw-la habeo_fw-la but_o he_o have_v not_o the_o body_n there_o at_o the_o return_n of_o the_o writ_n but_o suffer_v he_o to_o escape_v the_o defendant_n plead_v the_o statute_n of_o 23_o h._n 6._o cap._n 10._o and_o say_v that_o he_o take_v bail_v viz._n two_o sufficient_a surety_n and_o so_o let_v he_o go_v at_o large_a etc._n etc._n the_o plaintiff_n demur_n and_o whether_o this_o action_n lie_v against_o the_o defendant_n be_v the_o question_n who_o refuse_v to_o proceed_v against_o he_o by_o way_n of_o amerciament_n or_o to_o take_v a_o assignment_n of_o the_o bail-bond_n this_o case_n depend_v in_o court_n several_a term_n it_o be_v argue_v by_o sergeant_n pemberton_n and_o serjeant_n conier_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o by_o sergeant_n george_n strode_n for_o the_o defendant_n and_o judgement_n be_v give_v in_o easter_n term_n in_o the_o 29_o year_n of_o this_o king_n in_o the_o argument_n for_o the_o defendant_n that_o this_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v it_o be_v consider_v def._n exit_fw-la parte_fw-la def._n 1._o what_o the_o common_a law_n be_v before_o the_o make_n of_o this_o statute_n 2._o what_o alteration_n thereof_o the_o statute_n have_v make_v at_o the_o common_a law_n man_n be_v to_o appear_v personal_o to_o ansswer_v the_o writ_n the_o form_n of_o which_o require_v it_o and_o no_o attorney_n can_v be_v make_v in_o any_o action_n till_o edw._n 1._o de_fw-la gratia_fw-la speciali_fw-la give_v leave_v to_o his_o subject_n to_o appoint_v they_o and_o command_v his_o judge_n to_o admit_v they_o 2_o inst_z 377._o after_o the_o arrest_v the_o sheriff_n mighttie_v the_o party_n to_o what_o condition_n he_o please_v and_o he_o may_v keep_v he_o till_o he_o have_v comply_v with_o such_o condition_n which_o often_o end_v in_o take_v extravagant_a bond_n and_o sometime_o in_o other_o oppression_n for_o remedy_n whereof_o this_o statute_n be_v make_v in_o which_o the_o clause_n that_o concern_v this_o case_n be_v viz._n if_o the_o sheriff_n return_v upon_o any_o person_n cepi_n corpus_n or_o reddidit_fw-la se_fw-la that_o he_o shall_v be_v chargeable_a to_o have_v the_o body_n at_o the_o day_n of_o the_o return_n of_o the_o writ_n in_o such_o form_n as_o before_o the_o make_v the_o act_n so_o that_o as_o to_o the_o return_n of_o the_o write_v this_o statute_n have_v make_v no_o alteration_n the_o sheriff_n be_v bind_v to_o have_v the_o party_n at_o a_o day_n as_o before_o all_o the_o alteration_n make_v of_o the_o common_a law_n by_o this_o statute_n be_v that_o the_o sheriff_n now_o be_v bind_v to_o let_v the_o party_n out_o of_o prison_n upon_o reasonable_a surety_n of_o sufficient_a person_n which_o before_o he_o be_v not_o oblige_v to_o do_v and_o it_o will_v be_v a_o case_n of_o great_a hardship_n upon_o all_o the_o sheriff_n of_o england_n if_o they_o be_v compellable_n to_o let_v out_o the_o party_n to_o bail_v shall_v also_o be_v subject_a to_o a_o action_n for_o so_o do_v because_o they_o have_v he_o not_o at_o the_o day_n so_o that_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o law_n must_v be_v when_o it_o charge_v the_o sheriff_n to_o have_v the_o body_n at_o the_o return_n that_o he_o shall_v be_v liable_a to_o a_o penalty_n if_o the_o party_n do_v not_o then_o appear_v not_o to_o be_v recover_v by_o action_n but_o by_o amerciament_n 286._o cro._n jac._n 286._o the_o security_n direct_v by_o this_o act_n be_v to_o be_v take_v in_o the_o sheriff_n own_o name_n it_o be_v proper_o his_o business_n and_o for_o his_o own_o indemnity_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v leave_v whole_o in_o his_o power_n for_o which_o reason_n no_o action_n will_v lie_v against_o he_o for_o take_v insufficient_a bail_n that_o be_v to_o his_o own_o prejudice_n in_o which_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v no_o wise_a concern_v for_o if_o that_o have_v be_v intend_v by_o the_o act_n some_o provision_n will_v have_v be_v make_v as_o to_o his_o be_v satisfy_v in_o the_o sufficiency_n of_o the_o person_n when_o the_o security_n be_v thus_o take_v if_o the_o defendant_n do_v not_o appear_v at_o the_o return_n of_o the_o writ_n the_o plaintiff_n by_o amerciament_n shall_v compel_v he_o to_o bring_v in_o the_o body_n or_o to_o assign_v the_o bond_n either_o of_o which_o be_v a_o full_a satisfaction_n and_o as_o much_o as_o be_v require_v if_o the_o sheriff_n refuse_v to_o take_v 23._o 2_o sand._n 59_o 154_o 1_o roll._n abr._n 807_o 808._o cro._n eliz._n 460_o 852._o noy_n 39_o moor_n 428._o sid._n 23._o sufficient_a surety_n when_o offer_v he_o be_v liable_a to_o a_o action_n on_o the_o case_n at_o the_o suit_n of_o the_o defendant_n for_o his_o refusal_n and_o it_o will_v be_v very_o unreasonable_a to_o enforce_v he_o to_o have_v the_o party_n in_o court_n at_o the_o return_n when_o he_o be_v oblige_v under_o a_o penalty_n to_o let_v he_o at_o large_a this_o action_n be_v ground_v upon_o a_o false_a return_n when_o in_o

trusteÃ©_v therein_o name_v be_v appoint_v to_o sell_v it_o for_o payment_n of_o debt_n and_o raise_v this_o portion_n by_o which_o act_n all_o conveyance_n make_v by_o old_a sir_n robert_n carr_n since_o the_o year_n 1639._o be_v make_v void_a except_o such_o as_o be_v make_v upon_o valuable_a consideration_n but_o all_o those_o make_v by_o he_o before_o the_o say_a year_n with_o power_n of_o revocation_n if_o not_o actual_o revoke_v be_v save_v and_o in_o the_o year_n 1636._o he_o have_v execute_v a_o conveyance_n by_o which_o he_o have_v make_v a_o settlement_n of_o his_o estate_n in_o tail_n with_o a_o power_n of_o revocation_n but_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v that_o he_o do_v ever_o revoke_v the_o same_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o land_n appoint_v by_o this_o act_n of_o parliament_n to_o be_v sell_v by_o the_o trustee_n be_v the_o land_n comprise_v in_o that_o settlement_n and_o now_o after_o the_o death_n of_o sir_n robert_n carr_n the_o plaintiff_n exhibit_v his_o bill_n against_o the_o son_n not_o know_v that_o such_o a_o settlement_n be_v make_v in_o the_o year_n 1636._o till_o the_o defendant_n have_v set_v it_o forth_o in_o his_o answer_n and_o by_o this_o bill_n he_o desire_v that_o the_o trustee_n may_v execute_v their_o trust_n etc._n etc._n and_o that_o he_o may_v have_v relief_n on_o the_o defendant_n side_n it_o be_v urge_v def._n exit_fw-la parte_fw-la def._n that_o after_o the_o marriage_n there_o be_v a_o bond_n give_v for_o a_o additional_a jointure_n and_o it_o be_v upon_o that_o account_n that_o the_o defendant_n be_v draw_v in_o to_o execute_v these_o article_n and_o if_o the_o very_a reason_n and_o foundation_n of_o his_o enter_v into_o they_o fail_v than_o they_o shall_v not_o bind_v he_o in_o equity_n and_o in_o this_o case_n it_o do_v fail_v because_o the_o plaintiff_n have_v disable_v himself_o to_o make_v any_o other_o jointure_n by_o a_o pre-conveyance_n make_v and_o execute_v by_o he_o of_o his_o whole_a estate_n and_o if_o this_o agreement_n will_v not_o bind_v he_o than_o this_o court_n can_v enlarge_v the_o plaintiff_n remedy_n or_o appoint_v more_o than_o what_o by_o the_o article_n be_v agree_v to_o be_v do_v neither_o can_v the_o defendant_n seal_v encumber_v the_o estate_n tail_n in_o equity_n because_o the_o land_n be_v not_o then_o in_o he_o his_o father_n be_v tenant_n in_o tail_n and_o then_o live_v and_o the_o subsequent_a descent_n by_o which_o the_o land_n be_v cast_v upon_o he_o alter_v not_o the_o case_n for_o the_o very_a right_n which_o descend_v be_v save_v by_o the_o act_n from_o be_v charge_v but_o on_o the_o other_o side_n it_o be_v argue_v that_o though_o the_o marriage_n do_v proceed_v upon_o the_o defendant_n seal_v yet_o the_o assurance_n which_o be_v to_o be_v make_v be_v a_o principal_a motive_n thereunto_o and_o it_o be_v agree_v before_o marriage_n though_o not_o execute_v it_o be_v very_o just_a that_o he_o shall_v seal_v afterward_o and_o though_o the_o additional_a jointure_n be_v not_o make_v yet_o there_o be_v no_o colour_n that_o the_o defendant_n shall_v break_v his_o article_n for_o that_o reason_n because_o if_o the_o bond_n be_v not_o perform_v it_o be_v forfeit_v and_o may_v be_v sue_v and_o nothing_o appear_v in_o the_o case_n of_o any_o conveyance_n make_v by_o sir_n francis_n whereby_o he_o have_v disable_v himself_o to_o make_v a_o additional_a jointure_n and_o he_o have_v express_o deny_v it_o upon_o his_o oath_n and_o though_o it_o be_v be_v object_v that_o the_o money_n be_v raise_v by_o the_o old_a lady_n carr_n and_o by_o the_o direction_n of_o the_o trustee_n lodge_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o one_o cook_n who_o be_v become_v insolvent_a it_o be_v answer_v that_o there_o be_v no_o proof_n of_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o trustee_n and_o therefore_o this_o payment_n can_v alter_v the_o case_n after_o the_o matter_n thus_o state_v the_o lord_n chancellor_n deliver_v his_o opinion_n that_o the_o 6000_o l._n be_v do_v to_o the_o plaintiff_n unpaid_a and_o unsatisfied_a for_o though_o the_o marriage_n have_v not_o take_v effect_n yet_o the_o covenant_n bind_v the_o defendant_n because_o a_o deed_n be_v good_a for_o a_o duty_n without_o any_o consideration_n 2._o the_o plaintiff_n have_v remedy_n against_o the_o person_n of_o the_o defendant_n at_o law_n for_o this_o 6000_o l._n 3._o he_o have_v remedy_n against_o such_o of_o the_o defendant_n land_n which_o be_v not_o comprise_v in_o the_o settlement_n make_v 1636._o for_o as_o to_o they_o the_o trustee_n may_v be_v enjoin_v to_o execute_v the_o trust_n and_o he_o desire_v the_o opinion_n of_o the_o two_o justice_n if_o any_o thing_n more_o can_v be_v do_v in_o this_o case_n justice_n windham_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o nothing_o more_o can_v be_v do_v but_o to_o make_v a_o decree_n to_o enforce_v the_o execution_n of_o the_o trust_n and_o justice_n wild_n say_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n have_v his_o remedy_n at_o law_n against_o the_o defendant_n and_o upon_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n against_o the_o trustee_n but_o upon_o these_o article_n no_o decree_n can_v be_v make_v to_o bind_v the_o land_n for_o that_o will_v be_v to_o give_v a_o much_o better_a security_n than_o the_o party_n have_v agree_v on_o but_o if_o there_o have_v be_v a_o covenant_n in_o the_o article_n that_o a_o fine_a shall_v be_v levy_v it_o may_v have_v be_v otherwise_o it_o be_v only_a that_o a_o fine_a be_v intend_v to_o be_v levy_v but_o as_o to_o that_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o it_o be_v a_o good_a covenant_n to_o levy_v a_o fine_a for_o the_o word_n article_n of_o agreement_n etc._n etc._n go_v quite_o through_o and_o make_v that_o clause_n a_o covenant_n but_o because_o justice_n wild_n be_v of_o another_o opinion_n he_o desire_v the_o attorney_n general_n to_o argue_v these_o three_o point_n 1._o whether_o this_o be_v a_o covenant_n to_o levy_v a_o fine_a or_o not_o 2._o if_o it_o be_v a_o covenant_n whether_o this_o court_n can_v decree_v he_o to_o do_v it_o for_o though_o the_o party_n have_v a_o good_a remedy_n at_o law_n yet_o whether_o this_o court_n may_v not_o give_v remedy_n upon_o the_o land_n 3._o if_o it_o be_v a_o covenant_n to_o levy_v a_o fine_a and_o the_o court_n may_v decree_v the_o defendant_n to_o do_v it_o yet_o whether_o such_o a_o decree_n can_v be_v make_v upon_o the_o prayer_n of_o this_o bill_n it_o not_o be_v particular_o pray_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n conclude_v his_o bill_n with_o pray_v relief_n in_o the_o execution_n of_o the_o trust_n etc._n etc._n in_o trinity-term_n follow_v these_o point_n be_v argue_v by_o sergeant_n maynard_n sir_n john_n churchil_n and_o sir_n john_n king_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n mr._n attorney_n and_o mr._n solicitor_n and_o mr._n keck_n for_o the_o defendant_n all_o in_o one_o day_n and_o in_o the_o same_o order_n as_o name_v the_o council_n for_o the_o defendant_n urge_v def._n exit_fw-la parte_fw-la def._n that_o this_o be_v no_o covenant_n in_o law_n to_o enforce_v the_o defendant_n to_o levy_v a_o fine_a it_o be_v agree_v that_o there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o the_o word_n covenant_n to_o make_v a_o covenant_n but_o any_o thing_n under_o the_o hand_n and_o seal_n of_o the_o party_n which_o import_v a_o agreement_n will_v amount_v to_o a_o covenant_n so_o in_o 1_o roll._n abr._n 518._o these_o word_n in_o a_o lease_n for_o year_n viz._n that_o the_o lessee_n shall_v repair_v make_v a_o covenant_n so_o in_o the_o case_n of_o indenture_n of_o apprenticeship_n there_o be_v not_o the_o formal_a word_n of_o a_o covenant_n but_o only_o a_o agreement_n that_o the_o master_n shall_v do_v this_o and_o the_o apprentice_n shall_v do_v that_o and_o these_o be_v covenant_n but_o in_o all_o these_o case_n there_o be_v something_o of_o a_o undertake_n as_o in_o 1_o roll_v 519._o walker_n versus_fw-la walker_n if_o a_o deed_n be_v make_v to_o another_o in_o these_o word_n viz._n i_o have_v a_o write_n in_o my_o custody_n in_o which_o w._n stand_v bind_v to_o b._n in_o 100_o l._n and_o i_o will_v be_v ready_a to_o produce_v it_o this_o be_v a_o covenant_n for_o there_o be_v a_o present_a engage_v to_o do_v it_o but_o there_o be_v no_o such_o word_n here_o it_o be_v only_o a_o recital_n that_o whereas_o a_o fine_a be_v intend_v to_o be_v levy_v to_o such_o use_v etc._n etc._n it_o be_v only_o introductive_a to_o another_o clause_n without_o positive_a or_o affirmative_a word_n and_o therefore_o can_v never_o be_v intend_v to_o make_v a_o covenant_n but_o be_v recite_v to_o another_o purpose_n viz._n to_o declare_v the_o use_n of_o a_o fine_a in_o case_n such_o shall_v be_v levy_v if_o article_n of_o agreement_n be_v execute_v in_o consideration_n of_o a_o intend_a marriage_n and_o one_o side_n covenant_n to_o do_v one_o

plead_v 314._o debt_n for_o escape_n lie_v against_o the_o warden_n of_o the_o fleet_n as_o superior_a the_o grantee_n for_o life_n be_v insufficient_a jones_n 60._o 1_o vent_n 314._o the_o jury_n find_v a_o special_a verdict_n upon_o which_o the_o case_n be_v this_o viz._n that_o sir_n jeremy_n whitchot_n be_v seize_v in_o fee_n of_o the_o office_n of_o warden_n of_o the_o fleet_n and_o of_o several_a message_n thereunto_o belong_v and_o be_v so_o seize_v do_v make_v a_o grant_v thereof_o to_o one_o duckenfield_n for_o life_n and_o for_o the_o life_n of_o three_o more_o duckenfield_n by_o rule_n of_o court_n be_v admit_v into_o the_o say_a office_n be_v approve_v by_o the_o court_n and_o esteem_v a_o man_n of_o a_o estate_n he_o suffer_v a_o prisoner_n afterward_o to_o escape_v and_o be_v not_o able_a to_o make_v the_o plaintiff_n satisfaction_n this_o action_n be_v bring_v against_o sir_n jeremy_n whitchot_n the_o now_o defendant_n and_o whether_o he_o be_v chargeable_a or_o not_o with_o this_o action_n be_v the_o question_n wallop_v who_o argue_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n say_v quer._n exit_fw-la parte_fw-la quer._n that_o he_o will_v not_o take_v up_o any_o of_o their_o time_n to_o make_v a_o narrative_a of_o imprisonment_n for_o debt_n or_o what_o remedy_n there_o be_v for_o escape_n at_o common_a law_n and_o what_o remedy_n by_o the_o statute_n but_o suppose_v a_o action_n of_o debt_n will_v lie_v whether_o it_o be_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o westm_n 2._o cap._n 11._o for_o at_o the_o common_a law_n before_o the_o make_n of_o that_o act_n 397._o sid._n 306_o 397._o a_o action_n of_o debt_n will_v not_o lie_v against_o the_o gaoler_n for_o a_o escape_n but_o a_o special_a action_n on_o the_o case_n ground_v on_o a_o trespass_n or_o whether_o this_o action_n lie_v against_o the_o defendant_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o 1_o r._n 2._o 382._o 2_o inst_z 382._o cap._n 12._o which_o give_v it_o against_o the_o warden_n of_o the_o fleet_n who_o in_o this_o case_n have_v not_o the_o actual_a freehold_n in_o possession_n but_o the_o inheritance_n and_o not_o the_o immediate_a estate_n but_o the_o reversion_n be_v in_o question_n the_o office_n of_o the_o warden_n of_o the_o fleet_n may_v be_v take_v in_o two_o capacity_n either_o as_o a_o estate_n or_o common_a hereditament_n wherein_o a_o man_n may_v have_v a_o inheritance_n and_o which_o may_v be_v transfer_v from_o one_o to_o another_o or_o as_o a_o public_a office_n wherein_o the_o king_n and_o the_o people_n may_v have_v a_o special_a interest_n as_o it_o be_v a_o inheritance_n transferrable_a it_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o law_n in_o point_n of_o descent_n and_o be_v demisable_v for_o life_n in_o fee_n tail_n possession_n or_o reversion_n and_o in_o many_o thing_n be_v common_a and_o run_v parallel_n with_o other_o estate_n of_o inheritance_n it_o be_v true_a he_o can_v grant_v this_o office_n for_o year_n not_o for_o any_o disability_n in_o the_o grantor_n but_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o matter_n and_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n grant_v it_o be_v a_o office_n of_o trust_n and_o personal_a for_o otherwise_o it_o will_v go_v to_o the_o executor_n which_o be_v inconvenient_a 9_o co._n 96._o sir_n george_n reynell_n case_n to_o inquire_v what_o superiority_n the_o reversioner_n have_v over_o the_o particular_a estate_n be_v not_o to_o the_o point_n in_o question_n but_o there_o be_v such_o a_o intimacy_n and_o privity_n between_o they_o that_o in_o judgement_n of_o law_n they_o be_v account_v as_o one_o estate_n and_o therefore_o littleton_n sect._n 452_o 453_o say_v that_o a_o release_v make_v to_o a_o reversioner_n shall_v aid_v and_o benefit_v he_o who_o have_v the_o particular_a estate_n and_o likewise_o a_o release_v make_v to_o the_o tenant_n of_o the_o freehold_a shall_v enure_v to_o he_o in_o reversion_n because_o they_o be_v privy_n in_o estate_n so_o that_o these_o two_o estate_n in_o the_o case_n at_o bar_n make_v but_o one_o office_n this_o be_v a_o public_a office_n of_o great_a trust_n and_o concern_v the_o administration_n of_o justice_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v but_o reasonable_a to_o admit_v the_o rule_n of_o respondeat_fw-la superior_n lest_o the_o party_n shall_v be_v without_o remedy_n and_o the_o rather_o because_o execution_n be_v the_o life_n of_o the_o law_n 39_o h._n 6._o 33._o he_o who_o be_v in_o the_o office_n as_o superior_a whether_o it_o be_v by_o droit_fw-fr or_o tort_fw-fr be_v accountable_a to_o the_o king_n and_o his_o people_n and_o this_o bring_v he_o within_o the_o statute_n of_o westm_n 2._o cap._n 11._o or_o 1_o r._n 2._o if_o the_o defendant_n have_v grant_v the_o office_n in_o fee_n to_o duckenfeild_n before_o any_o escape_n have_v be_v and_o the_o grantee_n have_v be_v admit_v the_o defendant_n than_o have_v be_v discharge_v or_o if_o he_o die_v before_o or_o after_o the_o action_n bring_v and_o before_o judgement_n moritur_fw-la actio_fw-la cum_fw-la persona_fw-la for_o if_o he_o have_v not_o reserve_v something_o he_o can_v not_o be_v charge_v and_o if_o he_o have_v part_v with_o the_o inheritance_n the_o privity_n have_v be_v go_v but_o by_o reserve_v that_o he_o have_v make_v himself_o liable_a for_o now_o he_o be_v superior_a he_o may_v exact_v homage_n and_o fealty_n and_o the_o particular_a tenant_n be_v say_v to_o be_v attendant_a upon_o the_o reversion_n and_o these_o be_v mark_n of_o superiority_n and_o this_o rule_n of_o respondeat_fw-la superior_a hold_v not_o only_o between_o the_o principal_a officer_n and_o his_o deputy_n and_o between_o the_o master_n and_o his_o servant_n but_o in_o many_o other_o case_n one_o be_v to_o be_v answerable_a for_o another_o as_o 1._o where_o a_o man_n have_v power_n to_o elect_v a_o officer_n he_o be_v chargeable_a so_o the_o county_n have_v power_n to_o elect_v coroner_n and_o if_o they_o fail_v in_o their_o duty_n the_o county_n shall_v be_v charge_v for_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o power_n they_o have_v to_o elect_v they_o be_v esteem_v superior_n 314._o 4_o inst_z 314._o 2_o inst_z 175._o 2._o where_o one_o man_n recommend_v another_o to_o a_o office_n concern_v the_o king_n revenue_n the_o person_n who_o recommend_v be_v liable_a if_o the_o other_o prove_v insufficient_a and_o for_o this_o there_o be_v a_o notable_a case_n 30_o e._n 3._o 6._o it_o be_v porter_n case_n cite_v in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o devonshire_n 11_o co._n 92._o b._n where_o porter_n be_v master_n of_o the_o mint_n covenant_v with_o the_o king_n to_o deliver_v he_o money_n within_o 8_o day_n for_o all_o the_o bullion_n deliver_v ad_fw-la cambium_n regis_fw-la to_o coin_n which_o he_o do_v not_o perform_v et_fw-la quia_fw-la walwyn_n &_o picard_n duxerunt_fw-la &_o praesentaverunt_fw-la the_o say_a porter_n ideo_fw-la consideratum_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la onerentur_fw-la versus_fw-la dominum_fw-la regem_fw-la 466._o 4_o inst_z 466._o and_o why_o not_o the_o defendant_n in_o this_o case_n who_o praesentavit_fw-la the_o say_a duckenfeild_n to_o the_o court_n tanquam_fw-la sufficientem_fw-la the_o reason_n be_v the_o same_o and_o the_o king_n be_v as_o much_o concern_v in_o the_o order_n this_o court_n of_o justice_n as_o in_o the_o order_n of_o his_o coffer_n for_o as_o the_o treasure_n be_v nervus_fw-la belli_n so_o the_o execution_n of_o the_o law_n be_v nervus_fw-la pacis_fw-la 3._o in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o dependent_a officer_n though_o he_o be_v a_o proper_a officer_n and_o no_o deputy_n the_o person_n who_o have_v the_o reversion_n shall_v answer_v as_o in_o 32_o h._n 6._o 34._o b._n 2_o inst_z 382._o 9_o rep._n 98._o dyer_n 278._o b._n the_o duke_n of_o norfolk_n who_o have_v the_o inheritance_n of_o the_o marshalsea_n be_v charge_v for_o a_o escape_v suffer_v by_o one_o brandon_n who_o be_v tenant_n for_o life_n in_o possession_n of_o the_o say_a office_n and_o there_o be_v great_a reason_n it_o shall_v be_v so_o for_o when_o a_o principal_a officer_n may_v make_v a_o inferior_a officer_n who_o afterward_o commit_v a_o forfeiture_n the_o superior_a shall_v take_v advantage_n of_o this_o forfeiture_n and_o it_o be_v as_o reasonable_a he_o shall_v he_o answerable_a for_o his_o miscarriage_n cro._n eliz._n 384._o 119_o poph._n 119_o the_o earl_n of_o pembroke_n against_o sir_n henry_n berkley_n and_o therefore_o admit_v the_o defendant_n be_v out_o of_o the_o statute_n yet_o he_o be_v within_o the_o maxim_n of_o respondeat_fw-la superior_n which_o be_v not_o ground_v upon_o any_o act_n of_o parliament_n as_o appear_v in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o coroner_n and_o the_o statute_n of_o westm_n 2._o and_o all_o other_o act_n which_o inculcate_v this_o rule_n be_v but_o in_o affirmance_n of_o the_o common_a law_n and_o this_o be_v not_o only_o a_o rule_n of_o the_o common_a but_o also_o of_o the_o civil_a law_n which_o be_v serve_v with_o the_o equity_n of_o this_o maxim_n in_o

assurance_n etc._n etc._n of_o land_n not_o be_v the_o land_n of_o the_o late_a king_n queen_n prince_z etc._n etc._n and_o not_o be_v land_n sell_v for_o any_o pretend_a delinquency_n since_o the_o first_o of_o june_n 1641._o and_o all_o statute_n and_o judgement_n suffer_v by_o the_o offender_n from_o be_v impeach_v from_o which_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o parliament_n look_v upon_o entail_a land_n as_o forfeit_v for_o if_o estate_n make_v to_o other_o upon_o a_o valuable_a consideration_n have_v need_n of_o a_o proviso_n to_o save_v they_o from_o forfeiture_n Ã _fw-la fortiori_fw-la the_o estate_n out_o of_o which_o those_o be_v derive_v have_v need_n of_o such_o a_o save_a and_o therefore_o must_v be_v forfeit_a by_o the_o act_n for_o which_o reason_n these_o land_n be_v forfeit_v as_o to_o the_o great_a objection_n which_o have_v be_v make_v and_o insist_v on_o the_o other_o side_n and_o which_o be_v trudgeon_n case_n 22_o eliz._n 1_o inst_z 130._o where_o tenant_n in_o tail_n be_v attaint_v in_o a_o praemunire_n and_o it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o he_o shall_v forfeit_v his_o land_n but_o during_o his_o life_n for_o though_o the_o statue_n of_o 16_o r._n 2._o cap._n cap._n 5._o enact_n that_o in_o such_o case_n their_o land_n tenement_n good_n and_o chattel_n shall_v be_v forfeit_v to_o the_o king_n yet_o that_o must_v be_v understand_v of_o such_o a_o estate_n as_o he_o may_v lawful_o forfeit_v and_o that_o be_v during_o his_o own_o life_n and_o therefore_o be_v general_a word_n they_o do_v not_o take_v away_o the_o force_n of_o the_o statute_n de_fw-fr donis_fw-la so_o that_o his_o land_n in_o fee-simple_n for_o life_n etc._n etc._n shall_v be_v forfeit_v but_o the_o land_n entail_v shall_v not_o during_o his_o life_n but_o the_o answer_n be_v plain_a for_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o r._n 2._o when_o the_o statute_n of_o praemunire_n be_v make_v estate_n tail_n be_v under_o a_o perpetuity_n by_o the_o say_a statute_n de_fw-la donis_fw-la which_o statute_n be_v now_o much_o weaken_v in_o the_o point_n of_o alienation_n and_o the_o law_n be_v quite_o alter_v since_o that_o time_n and_o it_o be_v apparent_a by_o multitude_n of_o precedent_n that_o such_o strict_a construction_n have_v not_o be_v make_v since_o that_o time_n to_o preserve_v estate_n tail_n from_o forfeiture_n without_o special_a and_o particular_a word_n 164._o 4_o co._n 164._o and_o therefore_o in_o the_o case_n of_o adam_n and_o lambert_n which_o be_v a_o case_n in_o point_n the_o judge_n there_o construe_v estate_n tail_n to_o be_v forfeit_a for_o want_v of_o special_a word_n in_o the_o statute_n of_o 1_o e._n 6._o cap._n 14._o to_o save_v it_o and_o that_o be_v only_o a_o law_n make_v for_o suppress_v of_o superstitious_a use_v upon_o a_o politic_a consideration_n but_o this_o be_v a_o much_o great_a offence_n intend_v to_o be_v punish_v by_o this_o act_n in_o which_o there_o be_v demonstration_n both_o from_o the_o word_n and_o intent_n of_o the_o lawmaker_n to_o make_v this_o estate_n forfeit_v to_o the_o crown_n than_o in_o that_o case_n so_o much_o rely_v on_o and_o judgement_n be_v give_v according_o wyld_n die_v before_o judgement_n be_v give_v but_o justice_n twisden_n say_v he_o be_v of_o that_o opinion_n and_o jones_n justice_n concur_v basset_z versus_fw-la salter_n sheriff_n after_o a_o escape_v the_o plaintiff_n may_v have_v a_o ca._n sa._n or_o sci._n fa._n against_o the_o sheriff_n in_o a_o action_n for_o a_o escape_n the_o question_n be_v whether_o the_o plaintiff_n may_v take_v out_o a_o ca._n sa._n or_o have_v a_o fi._n fa._n against_o the_o defendant_n after_o the_o sheriff_n or_o jailer_n voluntary_o suffer_v he_o to_o escape_v but_o the_o court_n will_v not_o suffer_v it_o to_o be_v argue_v because_o it_o have_v be_v late_o settle_v that_o it_o be_v at_o the_o election_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n to_o do_v either_o and_o upon_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n bring_v in_o the_o exchequer-chamber_n the_o judge_n there_o be_v of_o the_o same_o opinion_n but_o in_o the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n vaughan_n time_n the_o court_n of_o common_a plea_n be_v divide_v but_o it_o be_v since_o settle_v 1_o roll._n abridg._n 901_o 902._o if_o there_o be_v a_o escape_n by_o the_o plaintiff_n consent_n though_o he_o do_v not_o intend_v it_o the_o law_n be_v hard_a that_o the_o debt_n shall_v be_v thereby_o discharge_v as_o where_o one_o be_v in_o execution_n in_o the_o king_n bench_n and_o some_o proposal_n be_v make_v to_o the_o plaintiff_n in_o behalf_n of_o the_o prisoner_n who_o see_v there_o be_v some_o likelihood_n of_o a_o accommodation_n consent_v to_o a_o meeting_n in_o london_n and_o desire_v the_o prisoner_n may_v be_v there_o who_o come_v according_o and_o this_o be_v hold_v to_o be_v a_o escape_n with_o the_o 330._o the_o if_o it_o have_v be_v by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o sheriff_n he_o can_v never_o take_v he_o again_o but_o the_o plaintiff_n may_v sid._n 330._o consent_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o he_o can_v never_o after_o be_v in_o execution_n at_o his_o suit_n for_o the_o same_o matter_n perk_n versus_fw-la hill_n in_o communi_fw-la banco_n 221._o bond_n good_a give_v in_o discharge_n of_o another_o mod._n rep._n 221._o debt_n upon_o a_o bond_n bring_v against_o the_o defendant_n as_o administrator_n who_o plead_v that_o he_o give_v another_o bond_n in_o his_o own_o name_n in_o discharge_n of_o the_o first_o bond_n and_o upon_o issue_n join_v it_o be_v find_v for_o the_o defendant_n and_o it_o be_v move_v that_o judgement_n may_v not_o be_v enter_v hereupon_o because_o it_o be_v a_o bad_a plea_n but_o north_n chief_a justice_n and_o wyndham_n and_o scroggs_n justice_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o it_o be_v a_o good_a plea_n because_o there_o be_v other_o security_n give_v than_o what_o the_o plaintiff_n have_v before_o for_o upon_o the_o first_o bond_n he_o be_v only_o liable_a de_fw-fr bonis_fw-la intestatoris_fw-la but_o now_o he_o may_v be_v charge_v in_o his_o own_o right_n b._n co._n lit._n 122._o b._n which_o may_v be_v well_o say_v to_o be_v in_o full_a satisfaction_n of_o the_o first_o obligation_n for_o where_o the_o condition_n be_v for_o payment_n of_o money_n to_o the_o party_n himself_o there_o if_o he_o accept_v any_o collateral_a thing_n in_o satisfaction_n it_o be_v good_a if_o a_o security_n be_v give_v by_o a_o stranger_n it_o may_v discharge_v a_o former_a bond_n and_o this_o in_o effect_n be_v give_v by_o such_o and_o it_o be_v not_o like_o the_o case_n in_o hobert_n where_o a_o bond_n be_v give_v by_o the_o same_o party_n upon_o that_o very_a day_n a_o former_a bond_n be_v payable_a and_o adjudge_v not_o a_o good_a discharge_n for_o the_o obligee_n be_v in_o no_o better_a condition_n than_o he_o be_v before_o justice_n atkins_n doubt_v but_o incline_v that_o one_o bond_n can_v be_v discharge_v by_o give_v another_o though_o the_o discharge_v be_v apply_v to_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o bond_n and_o for_o this_o he_o cite_v 85._o cro._n car._n 85._o cro._n eliz._n 716_o 727._o which_o be_v a_o case_n adjudge_v so_o in_o point_n and_o therefore_o this_o plea_n upon_o demurrer_n shall_v have_v be_v overrule_v yet_o since_o issue_n be_v take_v upon_o it_o and_o a_o verdict_n for_o the_o defendant_n the_o plea_n be_v help_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o jeofail_n 32_o h._n 8._o here_o be_v a_o direct_a affirmative_a and_o negative_a but_o as_o to_o that_o the_o chief_a justice_n and_o scroggs_n justice_n reply_v that_o a_o immaterial_a issue_n no_o way_n arise_v from_o the_o matter_n be_v not_o help_v as_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n upon_o a_o bond_n lay_v to_o be_v make_v in_o london_n and_o the_o defendant_n say_v that_o it_o be_v make_v in_o middlesex_n and_o this_o be_v try_v it_o be_v not_o aid_v by_o the_o statute_n but_o there_o must_v be_v a_o repleader_n but_o because_o it_o be_v swear_v that_o the_o obligor_fw-la who_o be_v the_o intestate_a be_v alive_a four_o year_n after_o the_o time_n that_o the_o second_o bond_n be_v give_v and_o for_o that_o reason_n it_o can_v not_o be_v give_v upon_o the_o account_n of_o the_o defendant_n be_v liable_a as_o administrator_n but_o must_v be_v intend_v a_o bond_n to_o secure_v a_o debt_n of_o his_o own_o therefore_o a_o new_a trial_n be_v grant_v cook_n and_o other_o versus_fw-la herle_n 223._o covenant_n will_v lie_v in_o the_o personalty_n though_o the_o grant_v be_v execute_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o uses_n which_o make_v a_o distress_n the_o proper_a remedy_n mod._n rep._n 223._o in_o covenant_n the_o case_n be_v this_o charles_n cook_n make_v a_o jointure_n to_o mary_n his_o wife_n for_o life_n and_o die_v without_o issue_n the_o land_n descend_v to_o thomas_n cook_n his_o brother_n and_o heir_n who_o grant_v a_o annuity_n or_o rent_n charge_v of_o 200_o l._n per_fw-la

likewise_o address_v to_o my_o lord_n as_o before_o make_v several_a protestation_n of_o his_o innocency_n but_o have_v once_o in_o a_o passion_n say_v that_o he_o scorn_v to_o submit_v my_o lord_n for_o that_o reason_n will_v not_o remit_v the_o damage_n it_o be_v therefore_o move_v for_o a_o new_a trial_n upon_o these_o reason_n 1._o because_o the_o witness_n who_o prove_v the_o word_n be_v not_o person_n of_o credit_n and_o that_o at_o the_o time_n when_o they_o be_v allege_v to_o be_v speak_v many_o clergyman_n be_v in_o company_n with_o the_o defendant_n and_o hear_v no_o such_o word_n speak_v 2._o it_o be_v swear_v that_o one_o of_o the_o jury_n confess_v that_o they_o give_v such_o great_a damage_n to_o the_o plaintiff_n not_o that_o he_o be_v damnify_v so_o much_o but_o that_o he_o may_v have_v the_o great_a opportunity_n to_o show_v himself_o noble_a in_o the_o remit_v of_o they_o 3._o and_o which_o be_v the_o principal_a reason_n because_o the_o damage_n be_v excessive_a curia_fw-la curia_fw-la the_o court_n deliver_v their_o opinion_n seriatim_o and_o first_o the_o chief_a justice_n north_n say_v in_o case_n of_o fine_n for_o criminal_a matter_n a_o man_n be_v to_o be_v fine_v by_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la with_o a_o salvo_fw-la contenemento_fw-it svo_fw-la and_o no_o fine_a be_v to_o be_v impose_v great_a than_o he_o be_v able_a to_o pay_v but_o in_o civil_a action_n the_o plaintiff_n be_v to_o recover_v by_o way_n of_o compensation_n for_o the_o damage_n he_o have_v sustain_v and_o the_o jury_n be_v the_o proper_a judge_n thereof_o this_o be_v a_o civil_a action_n bring_v by_o the_o plaintiff_n for_o word_n speak_v of_o he_o which_o if_o they_o be_v in_o their_o own_o nature_n actionable_a the_o jury_n ought_v to_o consider_v the_o damage_n which_o the_o party_n may_v sustain_v but_o if_o a_o particular_a averment_n of_o special_a damage_n make_v they_o actionable_a than_o the_o jury_n be_v only_o to_o consider_v such_o damage_n as_o be_v already_o sustain_v and_o not_o such_o as_o may_v happen_v in_o futuro_fw-la because_o for_o such_o the_o plaintiff_n may_v have_v a_o new_a action_n he_o say_v that_o as_o a_o judge_n he_o can_v not_o tell_v what_o value_n to_o set_v upon_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n the_o jury_n have_v give_v 4000_o l._n and_o therefore_o he_o can_v neither_o lessen_v the_o sum_n or_o grant_v a_o new_a trial_n especial_o since_o by_o the_o law_n the_o jury_n be_v judge_n of_o the_o damage_n and_o it_o will_v be_v very_o inconvenient_a to_o examine_v upon_o what_o account_n they_o give_v their_o verdict_n they_o have_v find_v the_o defendant_n guilty_a do_v believe_v the_o witness_n and_o he_o can_v not_o now_o make_v a_o doubt_n of_o their_o credibility_n wyndham_n justice_n accord_v in_o omnibus_fw-la atkins_n justice_n contra_fw-la that_o a_o new_a trial_n shall_v be_v grant_v for_o it_o be_v every_o day_n practice_n and_o he_o remember_v the_o case_n of_o gouldston_n and_o wood_n in_o the_o king_n bench_n where_o the_o plaintiff_n in_o a_o action_n on_o the_o case_n for_o word_n for_o call_v of_o he_o bankrupt_a recover_v 1500_o l._n and_o that_o court_v grant_v a_o new_a trial_n because_o the_o damage_n be_v excessive_a the_o jury_n in_o this_o case_n ought_v to_o have_v respect_n only_o to_o the_o damage_n which_o the_o plaintiff_n sustain_v and_o not_o to_o do_v a_o unaccountable_a thing_n that_o he_o may_v have_v a_o opportunity_n to_o show_v himself_o generous_a and_o as_o the_o court_n ought_v with_o one_o eye_n to_o look_v upon_o the_o verdict_n so_o with_o the_o other_o they_o ought_v to_o take_v notice_n what_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o declaration_n and_o then_o to_o consider_v whether_o the_o word_n and_o damage_n bear_v any_o proportion_n if_o not_o than_o the_o court_n ought_v to_o lay_v their_o hand_n upon_o the_o verdict_n it_o be_v true_a they_o can_v lessen_v the_o damage_n but_o if_o they_o be_v too_o great_a the_o court_n may_v grant_v a_o new_a trial_n scroggs_n justice_n accord_v with_o north_n and_o wyndham_n that_o no_o new_a trial_n can_v be_v grant_v in_o this_o cause_n he_o say_v that_o he_o be_v of_o council_n with_o the_o plaintiff_n before_o he_o be_v call_v to_o the_o bench_n and_o may_v therefore_o be_v suppose_v to_o give_v judgement_n in_o favour_n of_o his_o former_a client_n be_v prepossess_v in_o the_o cause_n or_o else_o to_o show_v himself_o more_o signal_o just_a may_v without_o consider_v the_o matter_n give_v judgement_n against_o he_o but_o that_o now_o he_o have_v forget_v all_o former_a relation_n thereunto_o and_o therefore_o deliver_v his_o opinion_n that_o if_o he_o have_v be_v of_o the_o jury_n he_o shall_v not_o have_v give_v such_o a_o verdict_n and_o if_o he_o have_v be_v plaintiff_n he_o will_v not_o take_v advantage_n of_o it_o but_o will_v overcome_v with_o forgiveness_n such_o folly_n and_o indiscretion_n of_o which_o the_o defendant_n have_v be_v guilty_a but_o that_o he_o do_v not_o sit_v there_o to_o give_v advice_n but_o to_o do_v justice_n to_o the_o people_n he_o do_v agrÃ¨e_v that_o where_o a_o unequal_a trial_n be_v as_o such_o must_v be_v where_o there_o be_v any_o practice_n with_o the_o jury_n in_o such_o case_n it_o be_v good_a reason_n to_o grant_v a_o new_a trial_n but_o no_o such_o thing_n appear_v to_o he_o in_o this_o case_n a_o new_a trial_n can_v not_o be_v grant_v suppose_v the_o jury_n have_v give_v a_o scandalous_a verdict_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n as_o a_o penny_n damage_n he_o can_v not_o have_v obtain_v a_o new_a trial_n in_o hope_n to_o increase_v they_o neither_o shall_v the_o defendant_n in_o hope_n to_o lessen_v they_o and_o therefore_o by_o the_o opinion_n of_o these_o three_o justice_n a_o new_a trial_n be_v not_o grant_v afterward_o in_o this_o term_n serjeant_n maynard_n move_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n and_o say_v that_o this_o action_n be_v ground_v upon_o the_o statute_n of_o r._n 2._o which_o consist_v of_o a_o preamble_n recite_v the_o mischief_n and_o of_o the_o enact_v part_n in_o give_v of_o a_o remedy_n and_o that_o the_o defendant_n case_n be_v neither_o within_o the_o mischief_n or_o the_o remedy_n this_o statute_n do_v not_o create_v any_o action_n by_o way_n of_o particular_a design_n and_o if_o the_o matter_n be_v now_o res_fw-la integra_fw-la much_o may_v be_v say_v that_o a_o action_n for_o damage_n will_v not_o lie_v upon_o this_o statute_n for_o the_o statute_n of_o westm_n 2._o appoint_v that_o the_o offender_n shall_v suffer_v imprisonment_n until_o he_o produce_v the_o author_n of_o a_o false_a report_n 33._o ca._n 33._o and_o the_o statute_n of_o 2_o r._n 2._o which_o recite_v that_o of_o westm_n 2._o give_v the_o same_o punishment_n and_o the_o action_n be_v bring_v qui_fw-la tam_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o yet_o the_o plaintiff_n only_o recover_v for_o himself_o it_o be_v usual_a to_o punish_v offender_n in_o this_o kind_n in_o the_o star_n chamber_n as_o in_o the_o *_o earl_n of_o northampton_n case_n where_o one_o goodrick_n say_v of_o he_o that_o he_o write_v a_o book_n against_o garnet_n and_o a_o letter_n to_o bellarmine_n 132._o 12_o co._n 132._o intimate_v that_o what_o he_o write_v in_o the_o book_n be_v not_o his_o opinion_n but_o only_o ad_fw-la captandum_fw-la populum_fw-la which_o be_v a_o great_a disgrace_n to_o he_o in_o those_o day_n be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v he_o be_v a_o papist_n cro._n eliz._n but_o the_o sergeant_n will_v not_o insist_v upon_o that_o now_o since_o it_o have_v be_v rule_v that_o where_o a_o statute_n prohibit_v the_o do_v of_o a_o thing_n which_o if_o do_v may_v be_v prejudicial_a to_o another_o in_o such_o case_n he_o may_v have_v a_o action_n upon_o that_o very_a statute_n for_o his_o damage_n but_o the_o ground_n on_o which_o he_o argue_v be_v that_o these_o word_n as_o speak_v be_v not_o within_o the_o meaning_n of_o the_o act_n for_o they_o be_v not_o actionable_a 1._o because_o they_o be_v no_o scandal_n and_o word_n which_o be_v actionable_a must_v import_v a_o great_a scandal_n which_o no_o circumstance_n or_o occasion_n of_o speak_v can_v excuse_v and_o if_o they_o be_v scandalous_a and_o capable_a of_o any_o mitigation_n by_o the_o precedent_a discourse_n the_o plead_n of_o that_o matter_n will_v make_v they_o not_o actionable_a and_o for_o this_o the_o lord_n co._n lord_n 4_o co._n cromwel_n case_n be_v a_o plain_a authority_n the_o word_n speak_v of_o he_o be_v you_o like_v those_o that_o maintain_v sedition_n against_o the_o king_n person_n the_o occasion_n of_o speak_v of_o which_o be_v to_o give_v a_o account_n of_o his_o favour_v the_o puritan_n preacher_n which_o be_v all_o that_o be_v intend_v by_o the_o former_a discourse_n for_o that_o lord_n have_v approve_v a_o sermon_n which_o be_v preach_v by_o a_o parson_n

against_o the_o common_a prayer_n book_n and_o the_o defendant_n have_v forbid_v such_o preach_a the_o lord_n tell_v he_o that_o he_o do_v not_o like_o he_o upon_o which_o he_o speak_v those_o word_n so_o that_o the_o subject_a matter_n explain_v the_o sense_n for_o which_o reason_n it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o the_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v 2._o the_o scandal_n for_o which_o a_o action_n may_v be_v bring_v within_o this_o statute_n must_v be_v false_a for_o that_o word_n go_v quite_o through_o the_o whole_a act_n viz._n false_a news_n false_a lie_n etc._n etc._n and_o the_o word_n here_o be_v so_o general_a that_o it_o can_v appear_v whether_o they_o be_v true_a or_o false_a for_o there_o can_v be_v no_o justification_n here_o as_o in_o case_n where_o a_o man_n be_v charge_v with_o a_o particular_a crime_n my_o lord_n townsend_n be_v not_o charge_v with_o any_o particular_a act_n of_o injustice_n as_o a_o subject_a nor_o with_o any_o misdemeanour_n as_o a_o peer_n nor_o with_o any_o offence_n in_o a_o office_n if_o therefore_o in_o all_o action_n bring_v upon_o this_o statute_n the_o defendant_n may_v justify_v and_o put_v the_o matter_n in_o issue_n to_o try_v whether_o it_o be_v true_a or_o false_a and_o in_o this_o case_n the_o defendant_n can_v neither_o justify_v nor_o traverse_v for_o this_o reason_n the_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v that_o the_o word_n be_v general_a and_o of_o a_o doubtful_a signification_n it_o can_v be_v deny_v for_o to_o say_v he_o be_v a_o unworthy_a man_n import_v no_o particular_a crime_n unworthy_a be_v a_o term_n of_o relation_n as_o he_o be_v unworthy_a of_o my_o friendship_n acquaintance_n or_o kindred_n and_o so_o may_v be_v applicable_a to_o any_o thing_n and_o a_o lord_n may_v in_o many_o thing_n be_v unworthy_a of_o a_o particular_a man_n friendship_n as_o if_o he_o promise_v to_o pay_v a_o sum_n of_o money_n at_o a_o day_n certain_a and_o fail_v in_o the_o payment_n as_o it_o be_v often_o seÃ©n_n such_o be_v a_o unworthy_a man_n but_o that_o will_v not_o bear_v a_o action_n he_o be_v a_o unworthy_a man_n who_o invite_v another_o to_o dinner_n to_o affront_v he_o but_o it_o will_v not_o bear_v a_o action_n to_o say_v that_o a_o lord_n invite_v i_o to_o a_o dinner_n to_o abuse_v i_o neither_o will_v it_o be_v actionable_a to_o say_v he_o be_v a_o unworthy_a man_n because_o such_o instance_n may_v be_v give_v of_o his_o vnworthiness_n which_o will_v not_o bear_v a_o action_n if_o my_o lord_n have_v be_v compare_v to_o any_o base_a and_o unworthy_a thing_n these_o word_n may_v have_v be_v actionable_a and_o that_o be_v the_o case_n of_o the_o lord_n marquis_n of_o dorchester_n it_o be_v say_v of_o he_o that_o there_o be_v no_o more_o value_n in_o he_o than_o in_o a_o dog_n then_o to_o say_v a_o man_z act_n against_o law_n this_o be_v no_o scandal_n because_o every_o man_n who_o break_v a_o penal_a law_n and_o suffer_v the_o penalty_n be_v not_o guilty_a of_o any_o crime_n the_o statute_n command_v the_o bury_n in_o woollen_a the_o party_n bury_v one_o of_o his_o family_n in_o linen_n in_o this_o he_o act_n against_o the_o law_n but_o if_o the_o penalty_n be_v satisfy_v the_o law_n be_v so_o likewise_o a_o man_n who_o act_n against_o law_n act_n against_o reason_n because_o lex_fw-la est_fw-la summa_fw-la ratio_fw-la but_o no_o instance_n be_v here_o give_v wherein_o he_o do_v thus_o act_n it_o be_v not_o say_v that_o he_o do_v act_n against_o law_n wilful_o or_o that_o he_o use_v to_o do_v any_o thing_n against_o law_n and_o so_o can_v be_v like_o the_o case_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o buckingham_n who_o bring_v a_o action_n for_o these_o word_n viz._n you_o be_v use_v to_o do_v thing_n against_o law_n and_o put_v cattle_n into_o a_o castle_n where_o they_o can_v be_v replevied_a for_o there_o be_v not_o only_o a_o usage_n charge_v upon_o he_o but_o a_o particular_a instance_n of_o oppression_n this_o action_n lie_v for_o word_n speak_v of_o a_o judge_n of_o either_o bench_n and_o of_o a_o bishop_n as_o well_o as_o of_o a_o peer_n now_o if_o a_o man_n shall_v say_v a_o judge_n act_v against_o law_n will_v a_o action_n lie_v because_o a_o judge_n may_v do_v a_o thing_n against_o law_n and_o yet_o very_o just_o and_o honest_o unless_o all_o the_o judge_n be_v infallible_a and_o can_v not_o be_v subject_a to_o any_o mistake_n which_o none_o will_v deny_v so_o if_o a_o bishop_n return_v the_o cause_n of_o his_o refusal_n to_o admit_v a_o clerk_n quia_fw-la criminosus_fw-la this_o be_v a_o return_n against_o law_n because_o it_o be_v too_o general_a but_o if_o j._n s._n shall_v say_v a_o bishop_n act_v against_o law_n and_o show_v that_o for_o cause_n a_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v if_o the_o the_o lord_n townsend_n have_v command_v his_o bailiff_n to_o make_v a_o distress_n without_o cause_n that_o have_v be_v act_v against_o law_n and_o reason_n he_o agree_v the_o word_n to_o be_v uncivil_a but_o not_o actionable_a for_o if_o such_o construction_n shall_v be_v make_v a_o man_n must_v talk_v in_o print_n or_o otherwise_o not_o speak_v any_o thing_n of_o a_o peer_n for_o fear_n of_o a_o action_n there_o be_v many_o authority_n where_o a_o pÃ©er_o shall_v not_o have_v a_o action_n for_o every_o trivial_a and_o slight_a expression_n speak_v of_o he_o as_o to_o say_v of_o a_o pÃ©er_n he_o keep_v none_o but_o rogue_n and_o rascal_n about_o he_o like_o himself_o by_o the_o opinion_n of_o two_o justice_n yeluerton_n and_o fleming_n the_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v because_o they_o be_v word_n of_o scold_a and_o this_o be_v the_o case_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o lincoln_n cro._n jac._n 196._o but_o the_o court_n be_v divide_v the_o defendant_n die_v and_o so_o the_o writ_n abate_v action_n for_o word_n have_v be_v of_o late_a too_o much_o extend_v former_o there_o be_v not_o above_o two_o or_o three_o bring_v in_o many_o year_n and_o if_o this_o statute_n shall_v be_v much_o enlarge_v the_o lord_n themselves_o will_v be_v prejudice_v thereby_o by_o maintain_v action_n one_o against_o another_o upon_o this_o statute_n of_o 2_o r._n 2_o c._n 5_o there_o be_v no_o action_n bring_v till_o 13_o h._n 7._o which_o be_v above_o a_o hundred_o year_n after_o the_o make_n of_o that_o law_n and_o the_o occasion_n of_o make_v the_o law_n be_v because_o the_o duke_n of_o lancaster_n who_o be_v then_o the_o first_o prince_n of_o the_o blood_n take_v notice_n that_o divers_a be_v so_o hardy_a as_o to_o speak_v of_o he_o several_a lie_a word_n 1_o r._n 2._o num_fw-la 56._o and_o therefore_o this_o statute_n be_v make_v to_o punish_v those_o who_o devise_v false_a news_n and_o horrible_a and_o false_a lie_n of_o any_o peer_n etc._n etc._n whereby_o discord_n may_v arise_v between_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o and_o great_a peril_n and_o mischief_n to_o the_o realm_n and_o quick_a subversion_n thereof_o now_o from_o the_o natural_a intent_n and_o construction_n of_o these_o word_n in_o the_o act_n can_v it_o be_v suppose_v that_o if_o one_o shall_v say_v such_o a_o peer_n be_v a_o unworthy_a man_n that_o the_o kingdom_n will_v be_v present_o in_o a_o flame_n and_o turn_v into_o a_o state_n of_o confusion_n and_o civil_a war_n and_o to_o say_v that_o he_o act_n against_o law_n that_o the_o government_n will_v thereby_o be_v in_o danger_n to_o be_v lose_v and_o quick_a subversion_n will_v follow_v this_o can_v be_v the_o common_a and_o ordinary_a understanding_n of_o these_o word_n if_o therefore_o the_o plaintiff_n by_o speak_v these_o word_n be_v in_o no_o hazard_n nor_o any_o wise_a damnify_v if_o he_o be_v not_o touch_v in_o his_o loyalty_n as_o a_o pÃ©er_n nor_o in_o danger_n of_o his_o life_n as_o a_o subject_a if_o he_o be_v not_o thereby_o subject_v to_o any_o corporal_n or_o pecuniary_a punishment_n nor_o charge_v with_o any_o breach_n of_o oath_n nor_o with_o a_o particular_a miscarriage_n in_o any_o office_n if_o the_o word_n be_v so_o general_a that_o they_o import_v no_o scandal_n and_o be_v neither_o capable_a of_o any_o justification_n and_o last_o if_o they_o be_v not_o such_o horrible_a lie_v as_o be_v intend_v to_o be_v punish_v by_o the_o statute_n for_o these_o reason_n he_o conclude_v the_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v and_o therefore_o pray_v that_o the_o judgement_n may_v be_v arrest_v sergeant_n baldwin_n and_o serjeant_n barrel_n argue_v on_o the_o same_o side_n for_o the_o defendant_n but_o nothing_o be_v mention_v by_o they_o which_o be_v not_o full_o insist_v on_o in_o the_o argument_n of_o sergeant_n maynard_n for_o which_o reason_n i_o have_v not_o report_v their_o argument_n but_o pemberton_n serjeant_n who_o argue_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n say_v quer._n exit_fw-la parte_fw-la quer._n that_o it_o will_v conduce_v much_o to_o

the_o understanding_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o 2_o r._n 2._o cap._n 5._o upon_o which_o this_o action_n of_o scandalum_fw-la magnatum_fw-la be_v ground_v to_o consider_v the_o occasion_n of_o the_o make_n of_o it_o in_o those_o day_n the_o english_a be_v quite_o of_o another_o nature_n and_o genius_n from_o what_o they_o be_v at_o this_o time_n the_o constitution_n of_o this_o kingdom_n be_v then_o martial_a and_o give_v to_o arm_n the_o very_a tenor_n be_v military_a and_o so_o be_v the_o service_n as_o knight_n service_n castleguard_n and_o escuage_z there_o be_v many_o castle_n of_o defence_n in_o those_o day_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o private_a man_n their_o sport_n and_o pastime_n be_v such_o as_o tilt_n and_o tournament_n and_o all_o their_o employment_n be_v tend_v to_o breed_v they_o up_o in_o chivalry_n those_o who_o have_v any_o dependency_n upon_o noble_a man_n be_v enure_v to_o bow_n and_o arrow_n and_o to_o signalise_v themselves_o in_o valour_n it_o be_v the_o only_a way_n to_o riches_n and_o honour_n art_n and_o science_n have_v not_o get_v such_o ground_n in_o the_o kingdom_n as_o now_o but_o the_o commons_o have_v almost_o their_o dependence_n upon_o the_o lord_n who_o power_n then_o be_v excee_o great_a and_o their_o practice_n be_v conformable_a to_o their_o power_n and_o this_o be_v the_o true_a reason_n why_o so_o few_o action_n be_v former_o bring_v for_o scandal_n because_o when_o a_o man_n be_v injure_v by_o word_n he_o carve_v out_o his_o own_o remedy_n by_o his_o sword_n there_o be_v many_o statute_n make_v against_o ride_v private_o arm_v which_o man_n use_v in_o those_o day_n to_o repair_v themselves_o of_o any_o injury_n do_v unto_o they_o for_o they_o have_v immediate_o recourse_n to_o their_o arm_n for_o that_o purpose_n and_o seldom_o or_o never_o use_v to_o bring_v any_o action_n for_o damage_n this_o be_v their_o revenge_n and_o have_v thus_o make_v themselves_o judge_n in_o their_o own_o case_n it_o be_v reasonable_a that_o they_o shall_v do_v themselves_o justice_n with_o their_o own_o weapon_n but_o this_o revenge_n do_v not_o usual_o end_v in_o private_a quarrel_n they_o take_v party_n engage_v their_o friend_n their_o tenant_n and_o servant_n on_o their_o side_n and_o by_o such_o mean_n make_v great_a faction_n in_o the_o commonwealth_n by_o reason_n whereof_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n be_v often_o in_o a_o flame_n and_o the_o government_n as_o often_o in_o danger_n of_o be_v subvert_v so_o that_o law_n be_v then_o make_v against_o wear_v livery_n or_o badge_n and_o against_o ride_v arm_v this_o be_v the_o mischief_n of_o those_o time_n to_o prevent_v which_o this_o statute_n of_o r._n 2._o be_v make_v and_o therefore_o all_o provoke_a and_o vilify_a word_n which_o be_v use_v before_o to_o exasperate_v the_o peer_n and_o to_o make_v they_o betake_v themselves_o to_o arm_n by_o the_o intent_n of_o this_o act_n be_v clear_o forbid_v which_o be_v make_v chief_o to_o prevent_v such_o consequence_n for_o it_o be_v to_o no_o purpose_n to_o make_v a_o law_n and_o thereby_o to_o give_v a_o pÃ©er_o a_o action_n for_o such_o word_n as_o a_o common_a person_n may_v have_v before_o the_o make_n of_o the_o statute_n and_o for_o which_o the_o peer_n himself_o have_v a_o remedy_n also_o at_o the_o common_a law_n and_o therefore_o need_v not_o the_o help_n of_o this_o act._n if_o then_o the_o design_n of_o this_o statute_n be_v to_o hinder_v such_o practice_n as_o aforesaid_a the_o next_o thing_n to_o be_v consider_v be_v what_o be_v usual_a in_o those_o day_n to_o raise_v the_o passion_n of_o peer_n to_o that_o degreÃ©_n and_o that_o will_v appear_v to_o be_v not_o only_o such_o thing_n as_o import_v a_o great_a scandal_n in_o themselves_o or_o such_o for_o which_o a_o action_n lie_v at_o the_o common_a law_n but_o even_o such_o thing_n as_o savour_v of_o any_o contempt_n of_o their_o person_n and_o such_o as_o bring_v they_o into_o disgrace_n with_o the_o commons_o for_o hereby_o they_o take_v occasion_n 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be_v prohibitory_a ante._n vide_fw-la ante._n viz._n that_o no_o man_n shall_v do_v so_o etc._n etc._n then_o come_v the_o additional_a clause_n and_o say_v that_o if_o he_o do_v he_o shall_v incur_v such_o penalty_n it_o be_v on_o the_o first_o part_n that_o this_o action_n be_v ground_v and_o so_o it_o be_v in_o the_o earl_n of_o northampton_n case_n in_o that_o report_n which_o go_v under_o the_o name_n of_o the_o lord_n coke_n 12_o report_n where_o by_o the_o resolution_n of_o all_o the_o judge_n in_o england_n except_o fleming_n who_o be_v absent_a it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a that_o any_o particular_a crime_n shall_v be_v fix_v on_o the_o plaintiff_n or_o any_o offence_n for_o which_o he_o may_v be_v indict_v so_o be_v the_o authority_n in_o all_o the_o case_n relate_v to_o this_o action_n in_o the_o lord_n 196._o lord_n 4_o co._n 13._o b._n 2_o cro._n 196._o cromwel_n case_n for_o these_o word_n you_o like_v those_o who_o maintain_v sedition_n in_o the_o lord_n of_o lincoln_n case_n my_o lord_n be_v a_o base_a earl_n and_o a_o paltry_a lord_n and_o keep_v none_o but_o rogue_n and_o rascal_n like_o himself_o in_o the_o duke_n of_o buckingham_n case_n he_o have_v no_o more_o conscience_n than_o a_o dog_n in_o the_o lord_n r._n lord_n hill_n 16_o car._n 2_o rot._n 1269._o affirm_v in_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n in_o b_o r._n marquis_n of_o dorchester_n case_n he_o be_v no_o more_o to_o be_v value_v than_o the_o black_a dog_n which_o lie_v there_o all_o which_o word_n be_v hold_v actionable_a and_o yet_o they_o touch_v not_o the_o person_n in_o any_o thing_n concern_v the_o government_n or_o charge_v they_o with_o any_o crime_n but_o in_o point_n of_o dignity_n or_o honour_n and_o they_o be_v all_o villify_a word_n and_o may_v give_v occasion_n of_o revenge_n and_o so_o be_v the_o word_n for_o which_o this_o action_n be_v bring_v they_o be_v rude_a uncivil_a and_o ill_o nature_a unworthy_a be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v base_a and_o 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be_v as_o scandalous_a for_o to_o say_v a_o man_n act_n against_o law_n and_o reason_n import_v several_a such_o act_n do_v a_o man_n be_v not_o denominate_v to_o be_v unworthy_a by_o do_v of_o one_o single_a act_n for_o in_o these_o word_n more_o be_v imply_v than_o to_o say_v he_o have_v do_v a_o unworthy_a thing_n for_o the_o word_n seem_v to_o relate_v to_o the_o office_n which_o the_o plaintiff_n have_v in_o the_o country_n as_o lord_z lieutenant_z which_o be_v a_o office_n of_o great_a honour_n and_o can_v any_o thing_n tend_v to_o cause_v more_o discord_n and_o disturbance_n in_o the_o kingdom_n than_o to_o say_v of_o a_o great_a officer_n that_o he_o act_v according_a to_o the_o dictate_v of_o his_o will_n and_o pleasure_n the_o consequence_n

of_o which_o be_v that_o he_o will_v be_v rather_o scorn_v than_o obey_v it_o have_v be_v object_v that_o the_o word_n be_v general_a and_o charge_v he_o not_o with_o any_o act_n answ_n the_o scandal_n be_v the_o great_a for_o it_o be_v not_o so_o bad_a to_o say_v a_o man_n do_v such_o a_o particular_a thing_n against_o law_n and_o reason_n as_o to_o say_v he_o act_n against_o law_n which_o be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v his_o constant_a course_n and_o practice_n be_v such_o and_o to_o say_v that_o the_o word_n may_v be_v mean_v of_o break_v a_o penal_a law_n that_o be_v a_o foreign_a construction_n for_o the_o plain_a sense_n be_v he_o act_v against_o the_o know_a law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o his_o practice_n and_o design_n be_v so_o to_o do_v for_o he_o will_v be_v guide_v neither_o by_o law_n or_o reason_n object_n it_o have_v be_v object_v that_o the_o scandal_n must_v be_v false_a but_o whether_o true_a or_o not_o there_o can_v be_v no_o justification_n here_o because_o 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scroggs_n say_v that_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o damage_n give_v shall_v not_o prevail_v with_o he_o either_o on_o the_o one_o side_n or_o the_o other_o at_o the_o common_a law_n no_o action_n will_v lie_v for_o such_o word_n though_o speak_v of_o a_o peer_n for_o such_o action_n be_v not_o former_o much_o countenance_v but_o now_o since_o a_o remedy_n be_v give_v by_o the_o statute_n word_n shall_v not_o be_v construe_v either_o in_o a_o rigid_a or_o mild_a sense_n but_o according_a to_o the_o genuine_a and_o natural_a meaning_n and_o agreeable_a to_o the_o common_a understanding_n of_o all_o men._n at_o the_o bar_n the_o strain_a sense_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v that_o these_o word_n import_v he_o be_v no_o man_n of_o honour_n and_o for_o the_o defendant_n that_o they_o import_v no_o scandal_n and_o that_o no_o more_o be_v mean_v by_o they_o but_o what_o may_v be_v say_v of_o every_o man._n it_o be_v true_a in_o respect_n of_o god_n almighty_n we_o be_v all_o unworthy_a but_o the_o subsequent_a clause_n explain_v what_o unworthiness_n the_o defendant_n intend_v for_o he_o infer_v he_o to_o be_v unworthy_a because_o he_o act_n against_o law_n and_o reason_n now_o whether_o the_o word_n thus_o explain_v fix_v any_o crime_n on_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v next_o to_o be_v consider_v and_o he_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o they_o do_v fix_v a_o crime_n upon_o he_o for_o to_o say_v he_o be_v a_o unworthy_a man_n be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v he_o be_v a_o vicious_a person_n and_o be_v the_o same_o as_o to_o call_v he_o a_o corrupt_a man_n which_o in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o peer_n be_v actionable_a for_o general_a word_n be_v sufficient_a to_o support_v such_o a_o action_n though_o not_o for_o a_o common_a person_n to_o say_v a_o man_z act_n against_o law_n and_o reason_n be_v no_o crime_n if_o he_o do_v it_o ignorant_o and_o therefore_o if_o he_o have_v say_v my_o lord_n be_v a_o weak_a man_n for_o he_o act_n against_o law_n and_o reason_n such_o word_n have_v not_o be_v actionable_a but_o these_o word_n as_o speak_v do_v not_o relate_v to_o his_o understanding_n but_o to_o his_o moral_n they_o relate_v to_o he_o also_o as_o a_o peer_n though_o the_o contrary_n have_v be_v object_v that_o they_o relate_v to_o he_o only_o as_o a_o man_n which_o be_v too_o nice_a a_o distinction_n for_o to_o distinguish_v between_o a_o man_n and_o his_o peerage_n be_v like_o the_o distinction_n between_o the_o person_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o authority_n which_o have_v be_v often_o explode_v the_o word_n affect_v he_o in_o all_o quality_n and_o all_o relation_n it_o have_v be_v also_o object_v that_o the_o word_n be_v too_o general_a and_o like_o the_o case_n of_o the_o bishop_n return_v that_o a_o man_n be_v criminosus_fw-la which_o be_v not_o good_a but_o though_o they_o be_v general_a in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o peer_n they_o be_v actionable_a for_o to_o say_v of_o a_o bishop_n that_o he_o be_v a_o wicked_a man_n these_o be_v as_o general_a word_n and_o yet_o a_o action_n will_v lie_v it_o have_v be_v also_o object_v that_o general_a word_n can_v be_v justify_v but_o he_o be_v of_o another_o opinion_n as_o if_o the_o plaintiff_n who_o be_v lord_n lieutenant_n of_o the_o county_n have_v lay_v a_o unequal_a charge_n upon_o a_o man_n who_o upon_o complaint_n make_v to_o he_o order_v such_o charge_n to_o stand_v and_o that_o his_o will_n in_o such_o case_n shall_v be_v a_o law_n if_o the_o person_n shall_v thereupon_o say_v that_o the_o lord_n have_v do_v unworthy_o and_o both_o against_o law_n and_o reason_n those_o word_n may_v have_v be_v justify_v by_o show_v the_o special_a matter_n either_o in_o plead_v or_o evidence_n it_o be_v too_o late_a now_o to_o examine_v whether_o a_o action_n will_v lie_v upon_o this_o statute_n that_o must_v be_v take_v for_o grant_v and_o therefore_o be_v not_o much_o insist_v on_o by_o those_o who_o argue_v for_o the_o defendant_n for_o the_o authority_n be_v very_o plain_a that_o such_o action_n have_v be_v allow_v upon_o this_o statute_n the_o word_n as_o here_o lay_v to_o be_v speak_v be_v not_o so_o bad_a as_o the_o defendant_n may_v speak_v but_o they_o be_v so_o bad_a that_o a_o action_n will_v lie_v for_o they_o and_o though_o they_o be_v general_a yet_o many_o case_n may_v be_v put_v of_o general_a word_n which_o import_v a_o crime_n and_o be_v adjudge_v actionable_a the_o earl_n of_o leicester_n case_n he_o be_v a_o oppressor_n the_o lord_n of_o winchester_n case_n he_o keep_v i_o in_o prison_n till_o i_o give_v he_o a_o release_n these_o word_n be_v hold_v actionable_a because_o the_o plain_a inference_n from_o they_o be_v that_o they_o be_v oppressor_n the_o lord_n abergavenny_n case_n he_o send_v for_o i_o and_o put_v i_o into_o little_a ease_n it_o may_v be_v presume_v that_o that_o lord_n be_v a_o justice_n of_o peace_n as_o most_o peer_n be_v in_o their_o county_n and_o that_o what_o he_o do_v be_v by_o colour_n of_o his_o authority_n so_o be_v all_o the_o case_n cite_v by_o those_o who_o argue_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n in_o some_o of_o which_o the_o word_n be_v strain_v to_o import_v a_o crime_n and_o yet_o adjudge_v actionable_a especial_o in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o lord_n marquis_n of_o dorchester_n he_o be_v to_o be_v value_v no_o more_o than_o a_o dog_n which_o be_v less_o slanderous_a word_n than_o those_o at_o the_o bar_n because_o the_o slander_n be_v more_o direct_a and_o positive_a it_o appear_v by_o all_o these_o case_n that_o the_o judge_n have_v always_o construe_v in_o favour_n of_o these_o action_n and_o this_o have_v be_v do_v in_o all_o probability_n to_o prevent_v those_o danger_n that_o otherwise_o may_v ensue_v if_o the_o lord_n

party_n to_o bail_v but_o it_o be_v sub_fw-la modo_fw-la it_o must_v be_v upon_o good_a bail_n and_o if_o the_o sheriff_n be_v judge_n of_o the_o security_n it_o be_v a_o argument_n that_o he_o be_v liable_a for_o if_o he_o be_v not_o in_o danger_n he_o need_v not_o take_v security_n but_o afterward_o upon_o the_o second_o argument_n the_o chief_a justice_n and_o the_o whole_a court_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o judgement_n shall_v be_v give_v for_o the_o defendant_n north_n chief_a justice_n the_o common_a law_n be_v very_o rigorous_a as_o to_o the_o execution_n of_o process_n the_o capias_fw-la be_v ita_fw-la quod_fw-la habeas_fw-la the_o body_n at_o the_o day_n of_o the_o return_n and_o if_o the_o sheriff_n have_v arrest_v one_o it_o have_v be_v a_o escape_n to_o let_v he_o go_v before_o the_o make_n of_o this_o statute_n the_o sheriff_n usual_o take_v surety_n for_o the_o appearance_n of_o the_o prisoner_n and_o by_o this_o mean_v use_v great_a extortion_n and_o take_v great_a sum_n of_o money_n to_o prevent_v which_o mischief_n this_o statute_n be_v make_v and_o so_o design_v 1._o for_o the_o ease_n of_o the_o prisoner_n the_o sheriff_n be_v now_o compellable_a to_o take_v security_n which_o he_o be_v not_o oblige_v to_o do_v before_o 2._o to_o prevent_v extortion_n and_o therefore_o direct_v that_o a_o bond_n shall_v be_v take_v in_o such_o manner_n and_o with_o such_o condition_n as_o be_v therein_o mention_v but_o the_o plaintiff_n since_o the_o statute_n be_v much_o in_o the_o same_o condition_n as_o before_o for_o he_o be_v to_o make_v the_o same_o return_n of_o cepi_n corpus_n it_o be_v true_a he_o may_v now_o let_v he_o go_v upon_o bail_n but_o as_o to_o the_o creditor_n he_o be_v to_o have_v he_o in_o court_n to_o answer_v his_o suit_n as_o before_o and_o shall_v be_v amerce_v if_o he_o do_v not_o appear_v at_o the_o return_n of_o the_o writ_n so_o that_o though_o this_o statute_n be_v a_o ease_n to_o the_o defendant_n yet_o it_o be_v a_o burden_n to_o the_o sheriff_n who_o run_v a_o great_a hazard_n since_o the_o make_n of_o this_o act_n than_o before_o because_o than_o he_o may_v keep_v he_o in_o prison_n till_o the_o debt_n be_v satisfy_v but_o now_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o let_v he_o at_o large_a upon_o bail_n from_o who_o he_o be_v direct_v to_o take_v a_o bond_n which_o he_o may_v keep_v in_o his_o own_o hand_n to_o indempnifie_v himself_o the_o court_n can_v only_o amerce_v he_o if_o the_o defendant_n do_v not_o appear_v at_o the_o return_n of_o the_o process_n and_o it_o be_v not_o material_a to_o the_o party_n whether_o the_o sheriff_n take_v one_o or_o more_o security_n that_o be_v in_o his_o discretion_n some_o he_o must_v take_v for_o otherwise_o it_o be_v direct_o in_o opposition_n to_o the_o statute_n neither_o be_v it_o material_a to_o the_o party_n whether_o they_o be_v such_o as_o be_v sufficient_a for_o if_o they_o be_v not_o and_o the_o defendant_n be_v thereupon_o discharge_v this_o will_v not_o amount_v to_o a_o escape_n because_o nothing_o be_v do_v but_o what_o be_v pursuant_n to_o the_o statute_n and_o therefore_o he_o be_v no_o otherwise_o chargeable_a than_o by_o amerciament_n the_o statute_n be_v make_v and_o intend_v for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o debtor_n not_o of_o the_o creditor_n and_o there_o may_v be_v some_o colour_n for_o the_o action_n if_o the_o sheriff_n may_v return_v that_o he_o let_v he_o to_o bail_v for_o than_o it_o may_v have_v be_v necessary_a to_o have_v allege_v the_o sufficiency_n of_o they_o which_o may_v have_v be_v traverse_v but_o now_o he_o must_v pursue_v the_o substance_n of_o the_o statute_n so_o far_o as_o to_o take_v bail_n he_o be_v the_o proper_a judge_n of_o the_o sufficiency_n and_o when_o the_o bail_n be_v take_v he_o must_v return_v a_o cepi_n corpus_n so_o that_o he_o be_v only_o to_o be_v amerce_v till_o he_o bring_v in_o the_o body_n but_o a_o escape_n will_v not_o lie_v against_o he_o long_a be_v case_n one_o long_o be_v arrest_v in_o the_o palace-yard_n attorney_n privilege_n of_o a_o attorney_n not_o far_o distant_a from_o the_o hall_n gate_n the_o court_n be_v then_o sit_v and_o be_v a_o attorney_n of_o this_o court_n he_o together_o with_o the_o officer_n be_v bring_v into_o court_n and_o the_o officer_n be_v commit_v to_o the_o fleet_n that_o he_o may_v learn_v to_o know_v his_o distance_n and_o because_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v a_o attorney_n of_o the_o court_n of_o kings-bench_n who_o inform_v this_o court_n that_o his_o cause_n of_o action_n be_v for_o 200_o l._n therefore_o the_o court_n order_v that_o another_o of_o the_o sheriff_n bailiff_n shall_v take_v charge_n of_o the_o prisoner_n and_o that_o mr._n robinson_n the_o chief_a prothonotary_n shall_v go_v along_o with_o he_o to_o the_o court_n of_o kings-bench_n which_o be_v do_v and_o that_o court_n be_v inform_v how_o the_o case_n be_v discharge_v the_o defendant_n upon_o file_v of_o common_a bail_n the_o writ_n upon_o which_o this_o long_a be_v arrest_v be_v a_o attachment_n of_o privilege_n which_o the_o court_n suppose_v to_o be_v make_v on_o purpose_n to_o oust_v he_o of_o his_o privilege_n for_o there_o be_v another_o writ_n against_o he_o at_o the_o sheriff_n office_n at_o the_o suit_n of_o another_o person_n the_o countess_n of_o northumberland_n case_n concern_v knight_n must_v be_v of_o the_o jury_n where_o a_o peer_n be_v concern_v adjudge_v that_o where_o a_o pÃ©er_o be_v party_n either_o plaintiff_n or_o defendant_n two_o or_o more_o knight_n must_v be_v return_v of_o the_o jury_n and_o it_o be_v say_v that_o in_o cumberland_n there_o be_v but_o one_o freeholder_n who_o be_v a_o knight_n beside_o sir_n richard_n stote_n a_o sergeant_n at_o law_n and_o the_o court_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o rather_o than_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o failure_n of_o justice_n a_o sergeant_n of_o law_n ought_v to_o be_v return_v a_o juryman_n for_o his_o privilege_n will_v not_o extend_v to_o a_o case_n of_o necessity_n bell_n versus_fw-la knight_n in_o banco_n regis_n firehearth_n smith_n forge_n be_v chargeable_a with_o the_o duty_n of_o firehearth_n in_o a_o action_n of_o trover_n upon_o not_o guilty_a plead_v the_o jury_n find_v a_o special_a verdict_n in_o which_o the_o point_n be_v upon_o the_o construction_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o 14_o car._n 2._o c._n 10._o for_o the_o establish_n of_o a_o additional_a revenue_n upon_o the_o king_n his_o heir_n and_o successor_n for_o the_o better_a support_n of_o he_o and_o their_o crown_n and_o dignity_n by_o which_o it_o be_v enact_v that_o for_o every_o firehearth_n and_o stove_n in_o every_o house_n the_o yearly_a sum_n of_o 2_o s._n shall_v be_v pay_v to_o the_o king_n other_o than_o such_o as_o in_o the_o say_a act_n be_v exempt_v then_o come_v a_o proviso_n which_o say_v that_o this_o act_n shall_v not_o extend_v to_o charge_v any_o blow_v house_n stamp_n furnace_n or_o kilne_n etc._n etc._n and_o the_o question_n now_o be_v whether_o a_o smith_n forge_n shall_v be_v charge_v with_o this_o duty_n winnington_n solicitor_n general_n conceive_v that_o all_o fire-hearth_n be_v liable_a within_o the_o body_n of_o the_o act_n and_o there_o be_v nothing_o to_o exempt_v they_o but_o what_o be_v in_o the_o exception_n and_o that_o a_o smith_n forge_n can_v be_v call_v a_o blow_v house_n within_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o act_n notwithstanding_o the_o jury_n have_v find_v that_o smith_n use_v bellows_o to_o blow_v their_o forge_n for_o by_o blow_v house_n such_o house_n be_v mean_v as_o be_v in_o staffordshire_n and_o suffolk_n for_o the_o make_n of_o iron_n these_o be_v the_o blowing-house_n intend_v by_o the_o parliament_n to_o be_v except_v and_o no_o other_o for_o if_o smith_n forge_n have_v be_v mean_v thereby_o those_o will_v have_v be_v insert_v in_o the_o proviso_n as_o well_o as_o the_o other_o thing_n therein_o mention_v word_n be_v to_o be_v take_v in_o a_o common_a understanding_n for_o if_o a_o traveller_n shall_v inquire_v for_o a_o blow_v house_n no_o body_n will_v send_v he_o to_o a_o smith_n forge_n by_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o whole_a court_n curia_fw-la curia_fw-la it_o be_v adjudge_v upon_o the_o first_o argument_n that_o smith_n forge_n be_v liable_a to_o this_o duty_n and_o so_o the_o solicitor_n say_v it_o have_v be_v late_o adjudge_v in_o this_o court_n by_o the_o opinion_n of_o twisden_n wyld_n and_o rainsford_n and_o that_o my_o lord_n chief_a justice_n hale_n be_v of_o the_o same_o opinion_n but_o twisden_n say_v that_o neither_o the_o chief_a justice_n or_o himself_o give_v any_o judgement_n upon_o the_o merit_n but_o upon_o a_o point_n in_o plead_v stroud_n versus_fw-la the_o bishop_n of_o bath_n and_o wells_n and_o sir_n george_n horner_n in_o communi_fw-la banco_n in_o a_o quare_fw-la impedit_fw-la

rend_v why_o shall_v he_o pay_v where_o he_o have_v none_o to_o receive_v and_o that_o this_o be_v the_o meaning_n of_o the_o parliament_n may_v further_o appear_v by_o a_o clause_n in_o the_o act_n of_o 16_o car._n 2._o cap._n 3._o make_v for_o collect_v this_o duty_n by_o officer_n appoint_v by_o the_o king_n which_o do_v not_o enlarge_v the_o former_a statute_n and_o by_o which_o it_o be_v enact_v that_o if_o any_o occupier_n shall_v leave_v his_o house_n before_o any_o of_o the_o half_a yearly_a feast_n whereon_o this_o duty_n be_v appoint_v to_o be_v pay_v that_o the_o next_o occupier_n shall_v be_v chargeable_a with_o the_o same_o for_o the_o say_v half_a year_n which_o clause_n have_v be_v altogether_o vain_a and_o of_o no_o use_n if_o empty_a house_n have_v be_v chargeable_a with_o this_o duty_n for_o to_o what_o purpose_n be_v it_o to_o charge_v a_o succeed_a occupier_n when_o the_o house_n itself_o though_o untenanted_a be_v chargeable_a before_o in_o this_o act_n also_o which_o supply_v the_o defect_n of_o the_o former_a this_o duty_n be_v make_v payable_a unto_o the_o officer_n upon_o demand_n at_o the_o house_n where_o the_o same_o shall_v arise_v and_o grow_v due_a and_o that_o in_o case_n of_o refusal_n by_o the_o space_n of_o a_o hour_n the_o officer_n may_v distrein_o which_o show_v a_o demand_n must_v be_v where_o there_o may_v be_v a_o refusal_n and_o no_o refusal_n can_v be_v where_o there_o be_v no_o occupy_a there_o be_v also_o another_o clause_n which_o mention_n both_o owner_n and_o occupier_n in_o this_o act_n and_o which_o say_v that_o no_o proprietor_n owner_n or_o occupier_n shall_v be_v molest_v or_o charge_v unless_o within_o two_o year_n after_o the_o duty_n accrue_v so_o that_o wherever_o a_o charge_n be_v lay_v or_o a_o ease_n be_v give_v to_o the_o subject_a the_o word_n occupier_n and_o sometime_o both_o occupier_n and_o owner_n promiscuosl_o be_v use_v but_o where_o a_o payment_n be_v to_o be_v make_v the_o owner_n be_v never_o mention_v and_o if_o so_o nothing_o shall_v be_v intend_v within_o either_o of_o the_o statute_n to_o enlarge_v this_o duty_n upon_o the_o subject_a beyond_o the_o word_n and_o plain_a meaning_n thereof_o 2._o there_o be_v another_o point_n in_o this_o case_n which_o concern_v the_o king_n and_o all_o the_o people_n of_o england_n that_o be_v whether_o the_o defendant_n here_o can_v be_v charge_v with_o a_o distress_n suppose_v this_o duty_n be_v to_o be_v pay_v to_o the_o king_n before_o any_o account_n of_o these_o hearth_n be_v transmit_v into_o the_o exchequer_n which_o first_o ought_v to_o be_v do_v or_o otherwise_o the_o consequence_n will_v be_v that_o the_o officer_n may_v demand_v and_o take_v as_o much_o as_o he_o will_v at_o his_o pleasure_n and_o the_o king_n may_v be_v likewise_o prejudice_v in_o his_o revenue_n for_o as_o the_o collector_n may_v have_v from_o the_o subject_a more_o than_o he_o ought_v and_o more_o than_o he_o be_v empower_v to_o take_v by_o the_o law_n so_o he_o may_v pay_v the_o king_n less_o the_o act_n direct_v that_o a_o account_n shall_v be_v take_v by_o the_o officer_n and_o examine_v by_o the_o constable_n then_o to_o be_v transmit_v to_o the_o session_n there_o to_o be_v enroll_v and_o from_o thence_o send_v into_o the_o exchequer_n now_o what_o occasion_n be_v there_o of_o all_o this_o solempnity_n if_o that_o the_o king_n be_v entitle_v to_o a_o distress_n upon_o a_o bare_a refusal_n this_o be_v a_o rend_a charge_n upon_o a_o man_n inheritance_n the_o king_n shall_v not_o be_v entitle_v to_o it_o but_o by_o matter_n of_o record_n for_o he_o can_v take_v or_o part_n with_o any_o thing_n neither_o can_v he_o have_v any_o estate_n or_o profit_n render_v he_o out_o of_o another_o man_n estate_n but_o by_o matter_n of_o record_n so_o that_o it_o seem_v by_o the_o act_n that_o this_o account_n be_v necessary_a to_o be_v transmit_v into_o the_o exchequer_n and_o that_o the_o king_n be_v not_o entitle_v to_o a_o distress_n for_o this_o duty_n until_o that_o be_v actual_o do_v which_o be_v not_o only_a matter_n of_o information_n to_o the_o crown_n but_o in_o some_o measure_n entitle_v he_o to_o it_o because_o there_o be_v a_o penalty_n of_o five_o pound_n lay_v upon_o the_o officer_n who_o shall_v neglect_v to_o bring_v in_o such_o account_n which_o show_v that_o the_o subject_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v charge_v before_o for_o which_o reason_n judgement_n be_v pray_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n def._n exit_fw-la parte_fw-la def._n but_o on_o the_o other_o side_n it_o be_v argue_v by_o mr._n holt_n and_o the_o attorney_n general_n that_o empty_a house_n shall_v pay_v this_o duty_n for_o the_o attorney_n general_n say_v that_o the_o word_n in_o the_o act_n be_v so_o express_v that_o he_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o very_a read_n of_o they_o will_v clear_v the_o point_n in_o question_n in_o their_o argument_n two_o thing_n be_v consider_v upon_o the_o statute_n of_o 14_o car._n 2._o 1._o first_o the_o general_a clause_n which_o give_v the_o duty_n in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o act._n 2._o the_o discharge_n in_o the_o proviso_n and_o if_o this_o be_v in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o act_n and_o not_o except_v in_o the_o proviso_n than_o the_o duty_n be_v to_o be_v pay_v and_o as_o to_o that_o it_o be_v say_v that_o this_o duty_n be_v give_v in_o general_a word_n by_o which_o it_o appear_v that_o there_o be_v a_o design_n and_o intent_n to_o charge_v empty_a house_n for_o every_o dwell_a house_n edifice_n or_o house_n whatsoever_o be_v to_o pay_v this_o duty_n and_o that_o if_o every_o house_n why_o not_o a_o empty_a house_n it_o be_v true_a a_o dwelling_n house_n be_v not_o a_o house_n wherein_o there_o have_v not_o be_v a_o inhabitant_n but_o wherein_o some_o body_n do_v actual_o live_v and_o if_o a_o man_n furnish_v a_o house_n very_o well_o if_o it_o be_v not_o inhabit_v it_o be_v notwithstanding_o a_o empty_a house_n and_o such_o a_o house_n as_o to_o some_o purpose_n in_o the_o law_n be_v not_o a_o dwell_a house_n for_o it_o be_v not_o a_o mansion_n house_n so_o as_o to_o make_v it_o burglary_n for_o the_o break_n of_o it_o open_a by_o the_o second_o clause_n every_o owner_n or_o occupier_n be_v to_o subscribe_v the_o account_n to_o be_v send_v into_o the_o exchequer_n by_o which_o it_o appear_v that_o those_o word_n owner_n and_o occupier_n be_v not_o there_o use_v in_o a_o different_a sense_n for_o if_o the_o occupier_n be_v only_o liable_a the_o owner_n need_v not_o look_v after_o the_o sign_v the_o account_n of_o every_o hearth_n the_o three_o clause_n take_v notice_n that_o if_o it_o shall_v happen_v there_o be_v no_o occupier_n than_o the_o officer_n may_v go_v into_o the_o empty_a house_n to_o examine_v if_o the_o account_v give_v he_o be_v true_a now_o if_o a_o account_n be_v to_o be_v take_v of_o such_o house_n as_o be_v charge_v by_o this_o act_n and_o a_o account_n be_v direct_v to_o be_v take_v of_o empty_a house_n than_o such_o empty_a house_n must_v be_v charge_v and_o this_o seem_v to_o they_o to_o be_v the_o intent_n and_o meaning_n of_o the_o parliament_n for_o there_o be_v a_o return_n to_o be_v make_v of_o empty_a house_n if_o such_o have_v not_o be_v intend_v to_o be_v charge_v they_o will_v have_v direct_v a_o return_n also_o to_o have_v be_v make_v of_o the_o non-inhabitancy_a and_o therefore_o they_o think_v that_o something_o more_o than_o a_o occupier_n be_v here_o mean_v for_o otherwise_o the_o word_n owner_n have_v not_o be_v put_v in_o the_o meaning_n of_o which_o must_v be_v that_o dwell_a house_n come_v within_o the_o charge_n of_o occupier_n and_o empty_a house_n within_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o owner_n then_o as_o to_o the_o proviso_n that_o the_o duty_n hereby_o arise_v shall_v be_v charge_v only_o upon_o the_o occupier_n and_o dweller_n of_o such_o house_n their_o executor_n and_o administrator_n that_o can_v in_o no_o sort_n extend_v to_o discharge_v a_o empty_a house_n because_o it_o be_v not_o the_o subject_a matter_n of_o the_o proviso_n for_o the_o design_n and_o purpose_n of_o it_o be_v not_o to_o discharge_v the_o duty_n but_o to_o transfer_v the_o charge_n upon_o the_o tenant_n where_o the_o house_n be_v inhabit_v for_o if_o a_o contrary_a construction_n shall_v be_v make_v than_o no_o duty_n shall_v be_v pay_v at_o all_o by_o the_o owner_n himself_o if_o he_o shall_v live_v in_o his_o own_o house_n in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o modus_fw-la decimandi_fw-la it_o be_v payable_a by_o the_o occupier_n and_o possessor_n of_o the_o house_n and_o the_o landlord_n be_v never_o charge_v but_o where_o there_o be_v no_o occupy_a as_o to_o the_o objection_n that_o it_o be_v hard_a to_o pay_v a_o duty_n where_o a_o man_n have_v no_o

profit_n it_o be_v answer_v that_o the_o act_n take_v care_v that_o man_n shall_v not_o stop_v up_o their_o chimney_n when_o once_o make_v and_o that_o this_o duty_n be_v pay_v for_o many_o chimney_n which_o be_v never_o use_v and_o what_o profit_n can_v a_o man_n have_v of_o a_o chimney_n he_o never_o use_v if_o there_o have_v be_v a_o act_n that_o so_o much_o shall_v be_v pay_v for_o every_o window_n it_o be_v all_o one_o whether_o it_o have_v be_v for_o profit_n or_o pleasure_n or_o whether_o the_o window_n have_v be_v use_v or_o not_o and_o there_o be_v as_o much_o reason_n that_o a_o man_n shall_v pay_v for_o house_n never_o inhabit_a as_o for_o such_o as_o have_v be_v inhabit_a and_o be_v afterward_o without_o tenant_n this_o act_n ought_v therefore_o to_o receive_v a_o favourable_a construction_n the_o preamble_n whereof_o mention_n that_o it_o be_v for_o the_o increase_n of_o the_o king_n revenue_n which_o be_v pro_fw-la bono_fw-mi publico_fw-la and_o which_o be_v for_o the_o peace_n and_o prosperity_n of_o the_o nation_n and_o the_o protection_n of_o every_o single_a person_n therein_o and_o though_o a_o particular_a inconvenience_n may_v follow_v the_o party_n ought_v to_o submit_v when_o a_o man_n build_v a_o house_n he_o propose_v a_o profit_n and_o it_o be_v not_o fit_a the_o king_n duty_n shall_v be_v contingent_a and_o depend_v till_o he_o have_v provide_v himself_o of_o a_o tenant_n object_n as_o to_o the_o other_o objection_n that_o be_v much_o rely_v on_o viz._n where_o the_o act_n speak_v of_o a_o account_n to_o be_v give_v it_o mention_n both_o owner_n and_o occupier_n but_o where_o it_o direct_v the_o payment_n of_o the_o duty_n the_o occupy_a only_o be_v name_v by_o which_o it_o be_v infer_v that_o he_o alone_o be_v chargeable_a answ_n in_o 16_o car._n 2._o cap._n 3._o owner_n proprietor_n and_o occupier_n be_v use_v promiscuous_o wherein_o it_o be_v provide_v that_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v charge_v unless_o within_o two_o year_n after_o 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term_n of_o year_n to_o n._n r._n in_o which_o demise_n there_o be_v a_o recital_n of_o a_o grant_n of_o the_o say_a manor_n message_n land_n tenement_n commons_o and_o mine_n but_o in_o the_o lease_n itself_o to_o r._n the_o word_n mine_n be_v leave_v out_o afterward_o the_o reversion_n be_v sell_v to_o the_o plaintiff_n astry_n and_o his_o heir_n by_o deed_n enroll_v and_o at_o the_o time_n of_o this_o demise_n there_o be_v certain_a mine_n of_o coal_n open_a and_o other_o which_o be_v not_o then_o open_a and_o the_o coal_n for_o which_o this_o action_n of_o trover_n be_v bring_v be_v dig_v by_o the_o lessee_n in_o those_o mine_n which_o be_v not_o open_a at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o lease_n and_o whether_o he_o have_v power_n so_o to_o do_v be_v the_o question_n it_o be_v say_v that_o when_o a_o man_n be_v seize_v of_o land_n wherein_o there_o be_v mine_n open_a and_z other_o not_o open_a and_o a_o lease_n be_v make_v of_o these_o land_n in_o which_o the_o mine_n be_v mention_v antea_fw-la antea_fw-la it_o be_v no_o new_a doctrine_n to_o say_v that_o the_o close_a mine_n shall_v not_o pass_v man_n grant_n must_v be_v take_v according_a to_o usual_a and_o common_a intendment_n and_o when_o word_n may_v be_v satisfy_v they_o shall_v not_o be_v strain_v far_a than_o they_o be_v general_o use_v for_o no_o violent_a construction_n shall_v be_v make_v to_o prejudice_v a_o man_n inheritance_n contrary_a to_o the_o plain_a meaning_n of_o the_o word_n a_o mine_n be_v not_o proper_o so_o call_v till_o it_o be_v open_v it_o be_v but_o a_o vein_n of_o coal_n before_o and_o this_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o my_o lord_n coke_n in_o point_n in_o his_o first_o inst_z 54._o b._n where_o he_o tell_v we_o 816._o 5_o co._n 12._o sanders_n case_n roll._n abr._n 2_o part_n 816._o that_o if_o a_o man_n demise_n land_n and_o mine_n some_o be_v open_v and_o other_o not_o the_o lessee_n may_v use_v the_o mine_n open_v but_o have_v no_o power_n to_o dig_v the_o unopened_a mine_n and_o of_o this_o opinion_n be_v the_o whole_a court_n and_o justice_n twisden_n say_v that_o he_o know_v no_o reason_n why_o my_o lord_n coke_n single_a opinion_n shall_v not_o be_v as_o good_a a_o authority_n as_o fitzherbert_n in_o his_o nat._n br._n or_o the_o doctor_n and_o student_n ipsley_n versus_fw-la turk_n in_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n upon_o a_o judgement_n in_o a_o inferior_a court_n 81._o what_o be_v admit_v in_o plead_v shall_v not_o be_v assign_v for_o error_n jones_n 81._o the_o error_n assign_v be_v that_o the_o mayor_n who_o be_v judge_n of_o the_o court_n do_v not_o receive_v the_o sacrament_n at_o any_o parish_n church_n nor_o file_v any_o certificate_n so_o that_o he_o be_v not_o mayor_n and_o judgement_n be_v give_v against_o the_o defendant_n before_o he_o it_o be_v therefore_o coram_fw-la non_fw-la judice_fw-la like_o the_o case_n of_o hatch_n and_o nichols_n roll._n abr._n 1_o part_n tit_n error_n 761._o where_o upon_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n bring_v upon_o a_o judgement_n in_o a_o inferior_a court_n the_o error_n assign_v be_v that_o the_o style_n of_o the_o court_n be_v curia_n tent_n coram_fw-la j._n s._n seneschallo_n who_o be_v not_o steward_n and_o that_o be_v hold_v to_o be_v a_o error_n in_o fact_n but_o on_o the_o other_o side_n it_o be_v insist_v that_o this_o be_v not_o error_n because_o the_o act_n of_o the_o mayor_n shall_v not_o be_v void_a as_o to_o stranger_n the_o statute_n of_o 25_o car._n 2._o cap._n 2._o for_o prevent_v of_o danger_n which_o may_v happen_v from_o popish_a recusant_n disable_v the_o party_n who_o be_v not_o qualify_v according_a to_o the_o act_n to_o hold_v a_o office_n and_o if_o he_o execute_v the_o same_o afterward_o

and_o so_o north_n chief_a justice_n say_v that_o it_o have_v be_v late_o rule_v in_o the_o common_a pleas._n afterward_o the_o court_n of_o kings-bench_n be_v move_v for_o a_o prohibition_n in_o this_o case_n and_o it_o be_v deny_v so_o that_o in_o this_o case_n there_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o all_o the_o three_o court_n this_o matter_n be_v so_o much_o labour_v because_o twenty_o four_o quaker_n be_v report_v to_o be_v concern_v in_o the_o rate_n and_o they_o be_v unwilling_a to_o pay_v towards_o the_o building_n of_o a_o church_n paget_n versus_fw-la vossius_fw-la in_o b._n r._n a_o trial_n at_o the_o bar_n in_o ejectione_n firmae_fw-la 325._o judgement_n give_v upon_o the_o construction_n of_o word_n in_o a_o will._n jones_n 73._o 1_o ventris_n 325._o in_o which_o the_o jury_n find_v a_o special_a verdict_n the_o case_n be_v viz._n that_o dr._n vossius_fw-la the_o defendant_n be_v a_o alien_n and_o a_o subject_a of_o the_o state_n of_o holland_n fall_v into_o disgrace_n there_o 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same_o immediate_o after_o such_o restoration_n or_o death_n to_o mrs._n abigal_n hevenigham_n for_o ever_o a_o peace_n be_v afterward_o conclude_v between_o england_n and_o holland_n whereby_o all_o intercourse_n of_o trade_n between_o the_o two_o nation_n become_v lawful_a but_o dr._n vossius_fw-la be_v not_o send_v for_o over_o by_o the_o state_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o offer_n of_o kindness_n to_o he_o but_o his_o pension_n be_v dispose_v of_o and_o give_v to_o another_o that_o the_o doctor_n may_v return_v into_o his_o own_o country_n when_o he_o please_v but_o that_o he_o still_o continue_v in_o england_n and_o whether_o he_o or_o the_o lessor_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n mrs._n heveningham_n have_v the_o better_a title_n be_v the_o question_n nota_fw-la dr._n vossius_fw-la be_v enable_v to_o take_v by_o grant_n from_o the_o king_n quer._n exit_fw-la parte_fw-la quer._n pemberton_n sergeant_n for_o the_o lessor_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n argue_v that_o the_o estate_n limit_v to_o the_o defendant_n be_v determine_v which_o depend_v upon_o the_o construction_n of_o this_o devise_n he_o do_v agree_v that_o the_o will_n be_v obscure_a and_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o devisor_n must_v be_v collect_v from_o the_o circumstance_n of_o the_o case_n and_o it_o be_v a_o rule_n that_o according_a to_o the_o 416._o the_o 2_o cro._n 62_o 371_o 416._o intent_n of_o the_o party_n a_o will_n be_v to_o be_v interpret_v it_o be_v plain_a then_o that_o the_o devisor_n never_o intend_v the_o defendant_n a_o estate_n for_o life_n absolute_o because_o it_o be_v to_o depend_v upon_o a_o limitation_n and_o the_o word_n be_v express_v to_o that_o purpose_n for_o he_o devise_n to_o he_o during_o his_o exile_n etc._n etc._n now_o the_o question_n be_v not_o so_o much_o what_o be_v the_o genuine_a and_o proper_a sense_n and_o signification_n of_o those_o word_n as_o what_o the_o testator_n intend_v they_o shall_v signify_v 1._o therefore_o the_o most_o proper_a signification_n of_o the_o word_n exile_n be_v a_o penal_a prohibit_v a_o person_n from_o his_o native_a country_n and_o that_o be_v sometime_o by_o judgement_n or_o edict_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o sometime_o it_o be_v choose_v to_o escape_v a_o great_a punishment_n as_o in_o case_n of_o abjuration_n and_o transportation_n etc._n etc._n but_o he_o do_v not_o think_v that_o the_o testator_n take_v the_o word_n exile_n in_o this_o restrain_a sense_n for_o dr._n vossius_fw-la be_v never_o formal_o or_o solemn_o banish_v if_o that_o shall_v be_v the_o sense_n of_o the_o word_n than_o nothing_o will_v pass_v to_o the_o doctor_n by_o this_o will_n because_o the_o limitation_n will_v be_v void_a and_o like_v to_o the_o case_n of_o a_o devise_n to_o a_o marry_a woman_n durante_fw-la viduitate_fw-la and_o she_o die_v in_o the_o life-time_n of_o her_o husband_n or_o to_o a_o woman_n sole_a during_o her_o coverture_n or_o of_o a_o devise_n to_o a._n the_o remainder_n to_o the_o right_a hei_n of_o b._n and_o a._n die_v living_n b_o so_o that_o this_o can_v not_o be_v his_o meaning_n 2._o the_o word_n exile_n in_o common_a parlance_n be_v take_v only_o for_o absence_n from_o one_o native_a country_n but_o this_o be_v a_o very_a improper_a signification_n of_o the_o word_n and_o nothing_o but_o a_o catachresis_fw-la can_v justify_v it_o and_o therefore_o the_o testator_n can_v not_o intend_v it_o in_o this_o sense_n it_o be_v too_o loose_a and_o inconsiderable_a a_o interpretation_n of_o the_o word_n for_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o court_n to_o depend_v on_o unless_o there_o be_v circumstantial_a proof_n amount_v almost_o to_o a_o demonstration_n that_o it_o be_v thus_o mean_v but_o it_o plain_o appear_v by_o the_o follow_a word_n this_o be_v not_o the_o meaning_n of_o the_o testator_n for_o it_o be_v say_v if_o it_o please_v god_n to_o restore_v he_o to_o his_o country_n which_o show_v that_o there_o be_v some_o providence_n or_o other_o which_o obstruct_v his_o return_n thither_o and_o so_o can_v not_o bare_o intend_v a_o voluntary_a absence_n for_o if_o so_o he_o may_v have_v express_v it_o viz._n during_o his_o absence_n from_o his_o country_n or_o till_o his_o return_n thither_o or_o whilst_o he_o shall_v stay_v in_o england_n and_o not_o in_o such_o doubtful_a word_n 3._o by_o the_o word_n exile_n be_v mean_v a_o person_n lie_v under_o the_o displeasure_n of_o the_o government_n where_o he_o be_v bear_v or_o of_o some_o great_a person_n who_o have_v a_o influence_n upon_o the_o government_n or_o have_v a_o authority_n over_o he_o which_o make_v he_o think_v convenient_a consider_v such_o circumstance_n to_o withdraw_v himself_o and_o retire_v to_o some_o other_o place_n and_o this_o be_v a_o sense_n of_o the_o word_n between_o both_o the_o former_a and_o even_o in_o the_o common_a law_n we_o be_v not_o stranger_n to_o the_o acceptation_n of_o the_o word_n in_o that_o sense_n there_o be_v a_o case_n omni_fw-la exceptione_n major_a in_o the_o writ_n of_o waste_n which_o be_v fecit_fw-la vastum_fw-la de_fw-la domibus_fw-la venditionem_fw-la de_fw-la boscis_fw-la &_o exilium_fw-la de_fw-la hominibus_fw-la it_o be_v in_o the_o register_n and_o in_o the_o writ_n on_o the_o statute_n of_o marlebridge_n cap._n 24._o where_o by_o the_o exilium_fw-la de_fw-fr hominibus_fw-la be_v mean_v the_o hard_a usage_n of_o tenant_n or_o the_o menace_a of_o they_o whereby_o they_o fly_v from_o their_o habitation_n 2_o h._n 6._o 11._o it_o be_v find_v in_o this_o case_n that_o the_o defendant_n be_v under_o the_o displeasure_n of_o his_o governor_n the_o war_n break_v out_o and_o therefore_o it_o may_v not_o then_o be_v safe_a for_o he_o to_o return_v and_o for_o that_o reason_n he_o may_v think_v it_o safe_a for_o himself_o to_o abide_v here_o and_o this_o dr._n brown_n the_o testator_n may_v know_v which_o may_v also_o be_v the_o reason_n of_o make_v the_o will._n but_o now_o all_o act_n of_o hostility_n be_v past_a and_o so_o the_o defendant_n recess_n be_v open_a and_o it_o have_v please_v god_n to_o restore_v the_o doctor_n but_o he_o be_v not_o please_v to_o restore_v himself_o for_o the_o jury_n find_v he_o be_v not_o return_v now_o if_o a_o man_n have_v a_o estate_n under_o such_o a_o limitation_n to_o do_v a_o thing_n which_o may_v be_v do_v when_o it_o please_v the_o party_n in_o such_o case_n if_o he_o neglect_v or_o refuse_v to_o do_v the_o thing_n the_o estate_n be_v determine_v 15_o h._n 7._o 1._o if_o i_o grant_v a_o man_n a_o annuity_n till_o he_o be_v promote_v to_o a_o benefice_n and_o i_o provide_v a_o presentation_n for_o he_o and_o he_o will_v not_o be_v institute_v and_o induct_v the_o annuity_n cease_v so_o shall_v the_o estate_n in_o this_o case_n because_o the_o devisor_n seem_v to_o appoint_v it_o to_o the_o defendant_n till_o he_o may_v return_v

cap._n 2._o that_o all_o and_o every_o person_n or_o person_n who_o shall_v have_v any_o office_n civil_a or_o military_a shall_v take_v the_o oath_n of_o supremacy_n and_o allegiance_n and_o receive_v the_o sacrament_n within_o the_o time_n limit_v by_o the_o say_a act_n or_o otherwise_o shall_v be_v adjudge_v ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la incapable_a and_o disable_v by_o law_n or_o if_o he_o execute_v any_o office_n after_o his_o neglect_n or_o refusal_n to_o qualify_v himself_o within_o the_o time_n therein_o appoint_v viz._n three_o month_n than_o he_o shall_v be_v disable_v to_o sue_v in_o any_o court_n and_o shall_v forfeit_v the_o sum_n of_o 500_o l._n sir_n john_n read_v be_v make_v high_a sheriff_n of_o hartfordshire_n 12_o novemb_v 25_o car._n 2._o and_o be_v still_o under_o the_o sentence_n of_o excommunication_n he_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o office_n and_o execute_v it_o for_o 3_o month_n viz._n to_o the_o 12_o day_n of_o february_n afterward_o and_o then_o refuse_v to_o serve_v any_o long_o the_o judge_n come_v soon_o after_o to_o keep_v the_o assize_n for_o that_o county_n but_o there_o be_v no_o sheriff_n there_o to_o attend_v they_o and_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o if_o he_o have_v execute_v the_o office_n without_o take_v the_o oath_n the_o time_n be_v now_o expire_v wherein_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v take_v the_o same_o than_o he_o have_v subject_v himself_o to_o the_o forfeiture_n of_o 500_o l._n and_o he_o can_v not_o receive_v the_o sacrament_n because_o he_o be_v excommunicate_v and_o therefore_o suppose_v that_o after_o the_o 3_o month_n he_o be_v ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la discharge_v by_o the_o aforesaid_a statute_n and_o whether_o upon_o all_o this_o matter_n the_o defendant_n be_v guilty_a be_v the_o question_n ward_n and_o sir_n william_n jones_n the_o attorney_n general_n argue_v that_o the_o defendant_n be_v guilty_a 1._o the_o oath_n and_o sacrament_n be_v necessary_a qualification_n for_o all_o sheriff_n because_o the_o act_n appoint_v these_o thing_n to_o be_v do_v and_o the_o penalty_n therein_o extend_v to_o those_o who_o execute_v any_o office_n after_o the_o three_o month_n without_o do_v the_o same_o but_o not_o to_o such_o who_o neglect_v to_o qualify_v themselves_o and_o though_o it_o may_v be_v object_v that_o the_o act_n give_v no_o penalty_n for_o not_o take_v of_o the_o oath_n it_o only_o enjoin_v it_o to_o be_v do_v and_o subject_n the_o person_n to_o the_o forfeiture_n of_o 500_o l._n for_o execute_v a_o office_n after_o three_o month_n that_o be_v not_o do_v so_o that_o this_o be_v not_o to_o be_v punish_v by_o information_n it_o be_v no_o offence_n at_o the_o common_a law_n yet_o if_o a_o act_n appoint_v a_o thing_n to_o be_v do_v the_o transgress_a of_o the_o law_n be_v a_o offence_n at_o the_o common_a law_n and_o aught_o thus_o to_o be_v punish_v and_o so_o it_o be_v adjudge_v in_o castle_n be_v case_n 2_o cro._n 643._o 455._o 1_o roll._n abr._n â—51_n 455._o suppose_v the_o defendant_n have_v give_v bond_n to_o perform_v a_o thing_n a_o discharge_n by_o the_o act_n of_o god_n or_o by_o the_o obligee_n have_v be_v good_a but_o the_o obligor_fw-la shall_v never_o disable_v himself_o and_o if_o it_o be_v so_o in_o private_a contract_n much_o more_o in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o king_n because_o our_o duty_n to_o he_o be_v of_o the_o high_a nature_n 2._o therefore_o the_o excommunication_n can_v be_v no_o excuse_n to_o the_o defendant_n for_o though_o he_o may_v have_v be_v excuse_v if_o he_o have_v be_v under_o a_o legal_a disability_n which_o he_o can_v in_o no_o wise_n prevent_v yet_o here_o he_o be_v able_a and_o have_v time_n enough_o and_o it_o be_v in_o his_o power_n to_o have_v discharge_v himself_o from_o this_o excommunication_n and_o be_v bind_v by_o his_o duty_n and_o allegiance_n to_o the_o king_n to_o perform_v the_o office_n he_o ought_v to_o qualify_v himself_o for_o the_o performance_n and_o either_o to_o remove_v the_o disability_n or_o show_n he_o have_v not_o power_n to_o do_v it_o it_o be_v his_o obstinacy_n that_o disable_v he_o and_o it_o be_v absurd_a to_o think_v that_o this_o excommunication_n which_o be_v design_v as_o a_o punishment_n shall_v now_o be_v a_o ease_n to_o he_o to_o excuse_v he_o from_o execute_v this_o office_n moor_n 121._o lacie_n case_n 3._o that_o the_o defendant_n be_v punishable_a for_o this_o neglect_n otherwise_o the_o king_n will_v lose_v the_o effect_n of_o his_o subject_n service_n if_o it_o shall_v be_v in_o their_o power_n to_o discharge_v themselves_o at_o pleasure_n a_o act_n of_o parliament_n can_v and_o much_o less_o the_o defendant_n himself_o by_o his_o own_o act_n take_v away_o his_o duty_n and_o service_n which_o he_o owe_v to_o the_o king_n and_o therefore_o though_o it_o be_v enact_v that_o a_o sheriff_n shall_v be_v only_o for_o one_o year_n yet_o it_o have_v be_v adjudge_v that_o the_o king_n by_o a_o non_fw-la obstante_fw-la may_v dispense_v with_o that_o statute_n antea_fw-la antea_fw-la because_o otherwise_o he_o will_v be_v deprive_v of_o the_o service_n of_o his_o subject_n if_o a_o sheriff_n when_o he_o be_v first_o admit_v into_o his_o office_n refuse_v to_o take_v the_o oath_n of_o his_o office_n he_o be_v finable_a and_o so_o he_o ought_v here_o if_o any_o alteration_n be_v make_v by_o the_o king_n of_o that_o oath_n his_o disobedience_n afterward_o be_v punishable_a 26._o cro._n car._n 26._o though_o a_o form_n of_o the_o oath_n be_v prescribe_v by_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o there_o be_v no_o other_o way_n to_o punish_v the_o defendant_n in_o this_o case_n but_o by_o information_n for_o after_o the_o three_o month_n in_o case_n he_o execute_v the_o office_n not_o be_v qualify_v the_o act_n give_v the_o penalty_n to_o the_o informer_n and_o if_o he_o shall_v not_o execute_v it_o the_o inconvenience_n will_v be_v great_a because_o it_o be_v and_o office_n which_o concern_v the_o administration_n of_o justice_n and_o necessary_a for_o the_o management_n and_o collection_n of_o the_o king_n revenue_n the_o statute_n extend_v to_o office_n of_o trust_n as_o well_o as_o of_o profit_n and_o enjoin_v the_o thing_n to_o be_v do_v the_o transgression_n whereof_o be_v a_o offence_n as_o well_o at_o the_o common_a law_n as_o against_o the_o statute_n and_o so_o punishable_a by_o information_n and_o therefore_o they_o pray_v judgement_n against_o the_o defendant_n sawyer_n and_o levins_n contra_fw-la viz._n they_o agree_v if_o the_o subject_n be_v qualify_v he_o ought_v to_o accept_v the_o office_n def._n exit_fw-la parte_fw-la def._n but_o the_o defendant_n be_v not_o so_o qualify_v and_o therefore_o to_o be_v excuse_v but_o before_o they_o enter_v upon_o the_o debate_n whether_o this_o be_v a_o offence_n or_o not_o they_o take_v a_o exception_n to_o the_o form_n of_o the_o information_n viz._n that_o it_o be_v not_o good_a because_o it_o do_v not_o conclude_v contra_fw-la formam_fw-la statuti_fw-la for_o if_o the_o offence_n be_v at_o the_o common_a law_n and_o a_o new_a penalty_n be_v give_v by_o the_o statute_n the_o proceed_n ought_v to_o be_v either_o at_o the_o common_a law_n by_o way_n of_o fine_a or_o upon_o the_o statute_n for_o the_o penalty_n but_o if_o the_o offence_n be_v by_o the_o statute_n than_o it_o must_v be_v lay_v to_o be_v contra_fw-la formam_fw-la statuti_fw-la now_o if_o this_o be_v any_o offence_n in_o the_o defendant_n it_o be_v because_o he_o do_v not_o receive_v the_o sacrament_n and_o take_v the_o oath_n which_o be_v a_o offence_n against_o the_o statute_n and_o therefore_o aught_o to_o conclude_v contra_fw-la formam_fw-la statuti_fw-la which_o be_v essential_a then_o as_o to_o the_o substance_n 1._o the_o information_n be_v insufficient_a for_o there_o be_v no_o offence_n at_o all_o of_o which_o the_o common_a law_n do_v take_v notice_n and_o though_o the_o consequence_n of_o the_o thing_n do_v may_v be_v bad_a yet_o no_o man_n shall_v be_v punish_v for_o that_o because_o those_o only_o aggravate_v the_o offence_n if_o any_o neither_o be_v this_o information_n true_a for_o it_o say_v he_o refuse_v absque_fw-la rationabili_fw-la causa_fw-la but_o here_o be_v a_o reasonable_a cause_n and_o though_o it_o may_v be_v object_v that_o it_o be_v only_o impotentia_fw-la voluntatis_fw-la and_o that_o every_o subject_a be_v disable_v be_v to_o remove_v that_o disability_n to_o serve_v the_o king_n this_o be_v deny_v for_o a_o man_n who_o be_v a_o prisoner_n for_o debt_n be_v not_o bind_v or_o compellable_n to_o be_v sheriff_n neither_o be_v a_o man_n bind_v to_o purchase_v land_n to_o qualify_v himself_o to_o be_v either_o a_o coroner_n or_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o 3_o jac._n every_o recusant_n be_v disable_v he_o may_v conform_v but_o he_o be_v not_o bind_v to_o it_o for_o if_o he_o submit_v to_o the_o pemalty_n it_o be_v

as_o much_o as_o be_v require_v by_o law_n it_o be_v true_a a_o subject_a be_v bind_v to_o serve_v the_o king_n in_o such_o capacity_n as_o he_o be_v in_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o service_n command_v but_o he_o be_v not_o oblige_v to_o qualify_v himself_o to_o serve_v in_o every_o capacity_n neither_o do_v it_o appear_v in_o this_o case_n that_o the_o defendant_n be_v able_a to_o remove_v this_o incapacity_n and_o that_o shall_v have_v be_v show_v on_o the_o other_o side_n and_o all_o judge_n be_v to_o judge_v upon_o the_o record_n the_o intent_n of_o the_o statute_n be_v that_o if_o person_n will_v not_o qualify_v themselves_o they_o shall_v not_o execute_v any_o office_n and_o it_o be_v make_v to_o keep_v roman_a catholic_n out_o of_o place_n but_o not_o to_o force_v they_o to_o accept_v of_o office_n of_o trust_n in_o the_o government_n and_o it_o design_n no_o punishment_n for_o quit_v but_o for_o execute_v of_o a_o place_n contrary_n to_o the_o law_n but_o if_o this_o be_v a_o offence_n this_o information_n will_v not_o lie_v and_o for_o that_o 2._o it_o be_v argue_v that_o if_o a_o thing_n be_v either_o command_v or_o forbid_v by_o a_o statute_n the_o transgression_n in_o either_o case_n be_v a_o offence_n punishable_a by_o information_n 5._o 25_o h_n 6._o pl._n 9_o b._n 7_o h._n 4._o 5._o but_o when_o a_o act_n do_v not_o general_o command_v a_o thing_n but_o only_o sub_fw-la modo_fw-la the_o party_n offend_v be_v punishable_a no_o otherwise_o than_o design_v by_o that_o law_n as_o where_o the_o statute_n of_o 18_o h._n 6._o cap._n 11._o prohibit_n any_o man_n from_o be_v a_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n unless_o he_o have_v 40_o l._n ê‘_n antonio_n and_o the_o statute_n of_o 5_o &_o 6_o e._n 6._o cap._n 16._o which_o make_v such_o bargain_n as_o be_v therein_o mention_v about_o buy_v of_o office_n void_a if_o such_o office_n be_v forfeitable_a than_o a_o information_n will_v lie_v but_o when_o it_o be_v ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la void_a as_o in_o both_o the_o former_a case_n then_o it_o be_v otherwise_o because_o the_o punishment_n be_v execute_v by_o the_o statute_n itself_o and_o therefore_o where_o the_o avoidance_n be_v make_v by_o the_o act_n there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o a_o information_n and_o the_o objection_n of_o impotentia_fw-la voluntatis_fw-la be_v not_o material_a to_o this_o purpose_n because_o simony_n buy_v of_o office_n not_o subscribe_v the_o 39_o article_n according_a to_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o queen_n these_o be_v all_o voluntary_a act_n yet_o no_o information_n lie_v against_o such_o offender_n because_o the_o statute_n execute_v the_o punishment_n the_o intent_n of_o the_o parliament_n be_v here_o declare_v the_o disability_n of_o the_o person_n make_v the_o office_n void_a void_a to_o all_o intent_n for_o the_o right_n of_o infant_n or_o man_n in_o prison_n be_v not_o save_v so_o that_o admit_v it_o to_o be_v a_o offence_n if_o the_o duty_n be_v not_o perform_v yet_o if_o such_o a_o qualification_n be_v requisite_a to_o make_v a_o man_n to_o act_v in_o such_o a_o office_n or_o perform_v such_o a_o duty_n if_o that_o qualification_n be_v want_v the_o party_n be_v only_o punishable_a by_o the_o loss_n of_o the_o office_n the_o act_n do_v not_o distinguish_v between_o office_n of_o trust_n and_o profit_n and_o as_o to_o the_o other_o objection_n viz._n that_o it_o be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o defendant_n to_o qualify_v himself_o the_o same_o may_v as_o well_o be_v object_v against_o all_o the_o popish_a recusant_n upon_o the_o statute_n of_o 3_o jac._n and_o if_o a_o statute_n do_v disable_v person_n or_o abridge_v the_o king_n of_o their_o service_n there_o be_v no_o injury_n do_v because_o the_o king_n himself_o be_v party_n to_o the_o act_n but_o if_o mischief_n be_v never_o so_o great_a since_o they_o be_v introduce_v by_o a_o law_n they_o can_v be_v avoid_v till_o that_o law_n be_v change_v 3._o but_o admit_v the_o information_n to_o be_v good_a and_o that_o this_o be_v a_o offence_n for_o which_o it_o will_v lie_v yet_o the_o excommunication_n be_v a_o sufficient_a excuse_n it_o appear_v by_o the_o verdict_n that_o the_o defendant_n be_v absolute_o disable_v to_o be_v sheriff_n for_o if_o he_o be_v to_o take_v the_o oath_n and_o receive_v the_o sacrament_n in_o order_n to_o it_o if_o he_o can_v be_v admit_v to_o the_o sacrament_n as_o be_v under_o the_o sentence_n of_o excommunication_n that_o be_v a_o excuse_n the_o defendant_n be_v only_o argue_v into_o a_o gild_n for_o the_o jury_n have_v not_o find_v any_o they_o do_v not_o say_v that_o it_o be_v in_o his_o power_n to_o yield_v obedience_n or_o that_o he_o may_v have_v enable_v himself_o they_o only_o find_v his_o incapacity_n and_o though_o it_o be_v a_o voluntary_a act_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o his_o disability_n yet_o in_o such_o case_n the_o law_n do_v not_o look_v to_o cause_n so_o remote_a if_o a_o man_n be_v in_o prison_n for_o debt_n it_o be_v his_o own_o act_n for_o contract_v it_o and_o not_o pay_v but_o yet_o a_o outlary_n against_o he_o whilst_o in_o prison_n shall_v be_v reverse_v because_o the_o immediate_a cause_n viz._n the_o imprisonment_n and_o the_o judgement_n be_v in_o invitum_fw-la and_o the_o law_n look_v no_o far_o and_o so_o judgement_n be_v pray_v for_o the_o defendant_n but_o the_o court_n be_v all_o of_o opinion_n that_o this_o information_n will_v lie_v and_o that_o the_o defendant_n be_v punishable_a for_o not_o remove_v the_o disability_n it_o be_v in_o his_o power_n to_o get_v himself_o absolve_v from_o the_o excommunication_n and_o so_o judgement_n be_v give_v against_o he_o and_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n bring_v etc._n etc._n godfrey_n versus_fw-la godfrey_n in_o communi_fw-la banco_n intrat_fw-la '_o hill_n ult_v rot._n 321._o debt_n upon_o a_o bond_n for_o performance_n of_o a_o award_n good_a award_v of_o a_o lesser_a sum_n in_o satisfaction_n of_o a_o great_a and_o good_a in_o which_o the_o arbitrator_n have_v take_v notice_n of_o 72_o l._n in_o controversy_n and_o have_v award_v 50_o l._n in_o satisfaction_n the_o defendant_n plead_v nullum_fw-la fecerunt_fw-la arbitrium_fw-la the_o plaintiff_n reply_v a_o award_n and_o set_v it_o forth_o and_o assign_v a_o breach_n to_o which_o the_o defendant_n demur_v because_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o award_n that_o 72_o l._n be_v in_o controversy_n for_o rent_n due_a and_o that_o 50_o l._n be_v award_v in_o full_a satisfaction_n of_o 72_o l._n and_o general_n release_v to_o be_v give_v but_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v that_o any_o other_o matter_n be_v in_o controversy_n between_o the_o party_n though_o the_o submission_n be_v general_a and_o arbitrator_n may_v reduce_v incertain_a thing_n to_o a_o certainty_n but_o they_o can_v make_v a_o debt_n certain_a to_o be_v less_o except_o there_o be_v other_o difference_n for_o which_o likewise_o this_o release_n be_v to_o be_v give_v 10_o h._n 7._o 4._o but_o the_o whole_a court_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o award_n be_v good_a curia_fw-la curia_fw-la for_o that_o the_o arbitrator_n may_v consider_v other_o matter_n between_o the_o party_n neither_o do_v it_o appear_v by_o the_o award_n that_o the_o 72_o l._n be_v due_a but_o in_o demand_n only_o and_o it_o be_v unreasonable_a for_o he_o to_o find_v fault_n with_o his_o own_o case_n for_o he_o allege_v that_o he_o ought_v to_o pay_v 72_o l._n and_o complain_v because_o the_o other_o party_n be_v content_v with_o 50_o l._n and_o demand_v no_o more_o judgement_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n wright_n versus_fw-la bull._n either_o condition_n where_o it_o be_v disjunctive_a it_o be_v in_o the_o election_n of_o the_o party_n to_o have_v either_o debt_n upon_o a_o bond_n for_o payment_n of_o 40_o l._n the_o condition_n whereof_o be_v that_o if_o the_o defendant_n shall_v work_v out_o the_o say_v 40_o l._n at_o the_o usual_a price_n in_o pack_v when_o the_o plaintiff_n shall_v have_v occasion_n for_o himself_o or_o his_o friend_n to_o employ_v he_o therein_o or_o otherwise_o shall_v pay_v the_o 40_o l._n then_o the_o bond_n to_o be_v void_a the_o defendant_n plead_v that_o he_o be_v always_o ready_a to_o have_v wrought_v out_o the_o 40_o l._n but_o that_o the_o plaintiff_n do_v never_o employ_v he_o and_o upon_o demurrer_n the_o plea_n be_v hold_v ill_o because_o the_o defendant_n do_v not_o aver_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n have_v any_o occasion_n to_o make_v use_n of_o he_o and_o for_o that_o it_o be_v at_o his_o election_n either_o to_o have_v work_n or_o money_n antea_fw-la basket_n and_o basket_n antea_fw-la and_o not_o have_v employ_v he_o but_o bring_v his_o action_n that_o be_v a_o request_n in_o law_n and_o so_o he_o have_v determine_v his_o election_n to_o have_v the_o money_n and_o judgement_n be_v according_o give_v for_o the_o

Selected quad for the lemma: act_n

Text snippets containing the quad