be_v none_o to_o understand_a man_n but_o only_o to_o the_o rude_a and_o ignorant_a people_n that_o can_v so_o easy_o apprehend_v god_n in_o his_o creature_n as_o in_o a_o image_n and_o withal_o it_o will_v savour_v of_o heathen_a superstition_n but_o it_o be_v well_o they_o will_v consider_v the_o answer_n they_o give_v we_o in_o this_o case_n when_o we_o urge_v the_o same_o argument_n against_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n hold_v say_v they_o 15._o a_o mere_a scandal_n be_v no_o reason_n to_o take_v away_o the_o use_n of_o a_o thing_n if_o it_o be_v such_o as_o do_v not_o arise_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n but_o only_o by_o accident_n through_o the_o malice_n or_o ignorance_n of_o the_o person_n so_o that_o in_o this_o case_n nothing_o be_v want_v but_o well_o instruct_v the_o people_n and_o upon_o their_o principle_n of_o worship_n they_o may_v revive_v the_o worship_n of_o the_o host_n of_o heaven_n the_o fire_n and_o water_n and_o tree_n and_o the_o earth_n itself_o and_o it_o be_v but_o conquer_a a_o little_a squeamishness_n of_o stomach_n at_o first_o the_o very_a tail_n of_o the_o ass_n on_o which_o our_o saviour_n ride_v will_v go_v down_o with_o they_o and_o now_o i_o leave_v the_o reader_n to_o judge_v which_o of_o we_o two_o be_v guilty_a of_o the_o great_a paradox_n i_o now_o come_v to_o the_o great_a rock_n of_o offence_n the_o second_o council_n of_o nice_a 6._o which_o he_o say_v 118._o i_o most_o irreverent_o call_v that_o wise_a synod_n upon_o which_o he_o fall_v into_o a_o very_a tragical_a exclamation_n that_o i_o shall_v dare_v to_o reflect_v so_o much_o dishonour_n on_o a_o council_n wherein_o there_o be_v 350._o 119._o father_n with_o the_o pope_n legate_n and_o the_o vicar_n of_o the_o oriental_a patriarchal_a see_v and_o yet_o himself_o call_v the_o council_n of_o constantinople_n a_o conventicle_n wherein_o there_o be_v 338._o bishop_n and_o do_v he_o think_v the_o number_n of_o twelve_o more_o in_o one_o than_o in_o the_o other_o make_v such_o a_o huge_a difference_n in_o point_n of_o wisdom_n but_o the_o author_n of_o the_o caroline_n book_n say_v 13._o that_o by_o their_o own_o confession_n they_o be_v but_o 306._o and_o the_o council_n of_o francford_n which_o oppose_v this_o and_o of_o which_o t._n g._n speak_v not_o very_o honourable_o as_o i_o shall_v make_v appear_v consist_v of_o about_o 100l_n bishop_n by_o the_o confession_n of_o their_o own_o writer_n so_o that_o if_o number_n carry_v it_o i_o have_v above_o 600._o bishop_n of_o my_o side_n and_o if_o they_o be_v wise_a the_o nicene_n council_n be_v not_o so_o it_o be_v therefore_o in_o t._n g_n choice_n to_o call_v 300._o or_o 600._o bishop_n fool_n but_o if_o he_o be_v guilty_a of_o the_o same_o fault_n that_o do_v not_o excuse_v i_o for_o speak_v so_o ironical_o of_o so_o lawful_a so_o general_a so_o judicious_a a_o council_n as_o that_o at_o nice_n be_v and_o therefore_o he_o advise_v i_o to_o recant_v and_o to_o follow_v the_o example_n of_o gregory_n of_o neocaelarea_n i_o hope_v he_o do_v not_o mean_a in_o the_o way_n of_o s._n german_a although_o one_o of_o that_o name_n be_v a_o great_a patron_n of_o image_n about_o that_o time_n but_o if_o this_o council_n be_v neither_o so_o lawful_a so_o general_a nor_o so_o judicious_a as_o t._n g._n pretend_v for_o all_o that_o i_o know_v the_o rector_n of_o a_o parochial_a church_n never_o to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o list_n of_o any_o general_a council_n which_o be_v a_o shrewd_a aggravation_n of_o my_o fault_n may_v have_v leave_n to_o call_v the_o second_o council_n of_o nice_a a_o wise_a synod_n 1._o i_o shall_v inquire_v whether_o this_o be_v a_o lawful_a general_n council_n and_o so_o receive_v by_o the_o church_n there_o be_v three_o thing_n t._n g._n insist_o on_o to_o make_v this_o out_o 1._o that_o it_o be_v call_v by_o the_o pope_n authority_n which_o he_o know_v we_o deny_v to_o be_v sufficient_a to_o make_v a_o lawful_a general_n council_n for_o then_o every_o assembly_n of_o bishop_n at_o rome_n call_v by_o the_o pope_n will_v be_v a_o general_n council_n 2._o the_o consent_n and_o presence_n of_o the_o patriarch_n 3._o that_o it_o have_v be_v receive_v as_o such_o by_o the_o church_n but_o i_o shall_v make_v it_o appear_v that_o it_o be_v just_a such_o another_o general_n council_n as_o that_o of_o trent_n be_v and_o manage_v with_o as_o much_o fraud_n and_o collusion_n and_o that_o it_o be_v not_o receive_v by_o the_o church_n as_o a_o general_n council_n 1._o as_o to_o the_o presence_n and_o consent_n of_o the_o patriarch_n this_o council_n in_o their_o synodical_a epistle_n boast_v that_o they_o have_v the_o concurrence_n of_o east_n 586._o west_n north_n and_o south_n which_o be_v such_o a_o extravagance_n that_o no_o sober_a man_n will_v have_v be_v guilty_a of_o that_o have_v any_o regard_n to_o truth_n or_o honesty_n or_o do_v in_o the_o least_o consider_v the_o state_n of_o the_o world_n at_o that_o time_n the_o western_a bishop_n be_v never_o so_o much_o as_o summon_v the_o patriarch_n of_o jerusalem_n be_v dead_a the_o eastern_a patriarch_n and_o the_o patriarch_n of_o alexandria_n be_v neither_o in_o condition_n to_o appear_v themselves_o nor_o to_o send_v legate_n thither_o which_o baronius_n ingenuous_o confess_v 40._o because_o aaron_n who_o be_v then_o chaliph_n of_o the_o saracen_n be_v a_o great_a enemy_n to_o the_o christian_n under_o who_o dominion_n at_o that_o time_n they_o be_v although_o christianus_n lupus_n 1210._o a_o professor_n of_o divinity_n at_o louvain_n make_v he_o a_o great_a friend_n to_o the_o christian_n in_o egypt_n which_o be_v not_o only_o contrary_a to_o baronius_n but_o to_o the_o synodical_a epistle_n the_o two_o monk_n carry_v to_o the_o council_n from_o the_o monk_n of_o palestine_n and_o be_v read_v and_o approve_v by_o the_o council_n theophanes_n say_v 333._o that_o the_o empress_n and_o patriarch_n both_o send_v to_o the_o patriarch_n of_o alexandria_n and_o antioch_n while_o the_o peace_n continue_v but_o soon_o after_o upon_o aaron_n be_v be_v make_v chaliph_n the_o peace_n be_v break_v and_o there_o be_v no_o liberty_n for_o the_o patriarch_n either_o to_o go_v or_o send_v but_o do_v we_o not_o read_v in_o the_o act_n of_o the_o council_n that_o john_n appear_v and_o subscribe_v as_o vicar_n of_o the_o oriental_a patriarch_n and_o thomas_n as_o vicar_n of_o the_o patriarch_n of_o alexandria_n very_o true_a but_o baronius_n give_v a_o excellent_a account_n of_o this_o notorious_a cheat_n the_o legate_n that_o be_v send_v to_o the_o patriarch_n do_v never_o arrive_v at_o antioch_n or_o alexandria_n but_o come_v into_o palestine_n they_o there_o understand_v what_o a_o grievous_a persecution_n the_o christian_n suffer_v under_o the_o new_a chaliph_n and_o that_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v discover_v what_o errand_n they_o go_v upon_o it_o will_v not_o only_o hazard_v their_o own_o life_n but_o of_o all_o the_o christian_n of_o those_o part_n therefore_o they_o forbear_v go_v any_o far_a and_o acquaint_v the_o monk_n of_o palestine_n with_o their_o design_n who_o meet_v together_o and_o take_v upon_o they_o to_o send_v these_o two_o john_n and_o thomas_n as_o the_o legate_n of_o the_o patriarch_n of_o antioch_n and_o alexandria_n for_o theodorus_n patriarch_n of_o jerusalem_n be_v late_o dead_a and_o these_o two_o be_v the_o goodly_a vicar_n of_o the_o patriarchal_a she_fw-mi be_fw-mi which_o sit_v and_o subscribe_v in_o their_o name_n in_o this_o most_o ecumenical_a council_n and_o pass_v in_o all_o the_o act_n of_o it_o for_o the_o legate_n of_o the_o oriental_a patriarch_n 558._o for_o they_o subscribe_v themselves_o legate_n of_o the_o three_o apostolical_a see_v alexandria_n antioch_n and_o jerusalem_n and_o yet_o the_o summons_n never_o come_v to_o either_o of_o the_o patriarch_n but_o they_o be_v in_o truth_n only_o the_o plenipotentiary_n monk_n of_o the_o patriarchal_a monk_n of_o palestine_n so_o both_o baronius_n and_o binius_fw-la confess_v they_o be_v only_o the_o monk_n that_o send_v they_o and_o they_o call_v themselves_o eremite_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o their_o epistle_n and_o yet_o in_o the_o act_n of_o that_o council_n they_o pass_v for_o very_o great_a man_n of_o the_o east_n 190._o and_o euthymius_n bishop_n of_o sardis_n call_v they_o the_o patriarch_n of_o the_o east_n and_o epiphanius_n take_v it_o for_o grant_v that_o the_o letter_n be_v send_v by_o the_o very_a same_o to_o who_o tarasius_n direct_v his_o when_o the_o very_a letter_n themselves_o which_o be_v read_v in_o the_o council_n show_v that_o the_o patriarch_n of_o antioch_n and_o alexandria_n be_v never_o consult_v with_o and_o yet_o christianus_n lupus_n in_o his_o late_a note_n on_o the_o canon_n of_o the_o general_a council_n 1109._o very_o fair_o tell_v a_o formal_a story_n of_o
politian_n patriarch_n of_o alexandria_n and_o theodoret_n of_o antioch_n and_o elias_n of_o jerusalem_n send_v these_o for_o their_o legate_n to_o this_o council_n i_o have_v think_v it_o have_v be_v only_o the_o pope_n prerogative_n to_o make_v titular_a patriarch_n and_o he_o grave_o magnify_v the_o zeal_n and_o courage_n both_o of_o the_o patriarch_n and_o legate_n for_o venture_v so_o much_o in_o such_o a_o time_n of_o persecution_n and_o then_o fall_v into_o a_o mighty_a encomium_n of_o the_o two_o legate_n that_o tarasius_n send_v for_o venture_v through_o a_o thousand_o death_n to_o get_v to_o the_o patriarch_n when_o god_n know_v they_o never_o come_v near_o they_o but_o which_o be_v far_o more_o to_o be_v wonder_v at_o pope_n adrian_n in_o his_o answer_n to_o charles_n the_o great_a about_o the_o nicene_n synod_n have_v the_o face_n to_o say_v 924._o that_o the_o synodical_a epistle_n of_o the_o three_o patriarch_n of_o cosmus_n of_o alexandria_n and_o of_o theodore_n of_o antioch_n it_o seem_v elias_n be_v turn_v to_o theodore_n again_o and_o theodore_n of_o jerusalem_n be_v read_v and_o approve_v in_o this_o council_n of_o nice_a than_o which_o with_o his_o holiness_n leave_n there_o never_o be_v a_o more_o notorious_a falsehood_n unless_o it_o be_v that_o of_o tarasius_n who_o upon_o the_o approbation_n of_o these_o letter_n of_o the_o monk_n cry_v out_o 154_o that_o the_o east_n and_o the_o west_n the_o north_n and_o the_o south_n be_v all_o agree_v and_o the_o whole_a council_n follow_v this_o with_o a_o acclamation_n of_o glory_n be_v to_o god_n that_o have_v unite_v we_o when_o the_o eastern_a patriarch_n know_v nothing_o of_o the_o council_n the_o western_a bishop_n oppose_v it_o as_o soon_o as_o ever_o they_o know_v it_o and_o be_v not_o this_o a_o very_a hopeful_a general_n council_n have_v as_o t._n g._n say_v 118._o the_o pope_n legate_n for_o precedent_n and_o the_o vicar_n of_o the_o oriental_a patriarchal_a see_v assist_v in_o it_o 2._o that_o it_o be_v not_o receive_v for_o a_o general_n council_n by_o the_o church_n 7._o for_o even_o in_o the_o greek_a church_n itself_o theophanes_n only_o say_v 389._o that_o the_o emperor_n call_v together_o all_o the_o bishop_n within_o his_o own_o dominion_n which_o be_v say_v likewise_o by_o landulphus_n sagax_fw-la only_a theophanes_n will_v have_v it_o believe_v that_o the_o oriental_a patriarch_n send_v their_o legate_n 733._o which_o be_v very_o false_a as_o not_o only_o appear_v from_o the_o very_a act_n of_o the_o council_n wherein_o the_o monk_n letter_n be_v insert_v but_o because_o this_o council_n be_v not_o receive_v many_o year_n after_o in_o those_o patriarchal_a see_v which_o be_v evident_a from_o photius_n his_o encyclical_a epistle_n to_o the_o patriarch_n of_o alexandria_n and_o other_o 60._o not_o long_o since_o publish_v in_o greek_a from_o a_o ms._n bring_v out_o of_o the_o east_n wherein_o photius_n expostulate_v the_o case_n why_o the_o nicene_n council_n be_v not_o receive_v among_o they_o as_o the_o six_o general_a council_n be_v in_o that_o copy_n which_o be_v extant_a in_o baronius_n translate_v by_o metius_n and_o with_o great_a diligence_n compare_v with_o two_o mss._n whereof_o one_o be_v a_o very_a ancient_a one_o it_o be_v say_v express_o 33._o that_o it_o be_v report_v among_o they_o that_o none_o of_o the_o church_n under_o the_o apostolical_a see_v of_o alexandria_n do_v own_o the_o nicene_n synod_n for_o a_o general_n council_n which_o in_o b._n montague_n copy_n be_v mitigate_v into_o some_o but_o by_o the_o tenor_n of_o his_o discourse_n it_o appear_v it_o be_v not_o publish_v in_o their_o church_n nor_o receive_v among_o they_o as_o a_o general_n council_n and_o he_o use_v many_o argument_n to_o persuade_v they_o to_o it_o among_o the_o rest_n he_o say_v that_o thomas_n be_v present_a in_o it_o from_o his_o see_n and_o other_o with_o he_o but_o he_o do_v not_o say_v he_o come_v as_o legate_n and_o he_o have_v find_v out_o companion_n for_o he_o too_o which_o be_v more_o than_o the_o nicene_n council_n discover_v and_o yet_o he_o acknowledge_v that_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o persecution_n of_o the_o saracen_n the_o act_n of_o that_o council_n never_o come_v to_o they_o which_o will_v be_v very_o strange_a if_o the_o patriarch_n of_o alexandria_n send_v a_o legate_n thither_o baronius_n ingenuous_o confess_v that_o this_o nicene_n council_n be_v not_o receive_v as_o a_o ecumenical_a council_n in_o any_o of_o the_o eastern_a patriarchates_n 6._o except_v only_o that_o of_o constantinople_n and_o he_o be_v very_o hard_o put_v to_o it_o to_o prove_v that_o it_o be_v own_v as_o such_o even_a at_o rome_n itself_o because_o nicholaus_fw-la 1._o in_o a_o council_n at_o rome_n in_o the_o cause_n of_o photius_n reckon_v up_o but_o six_o general_a council_n which_o photius_n upbraid_v he_o with_o and_o it_o be_v but_o a_o pitiful_a pretence_n which_o baronius_n have_v for_o it_o viz._n that_o they_o have_v only_o a_o bad_a translation_n of_o it_o such_o a_o one_o as_o it_o be_v it_o be_v of_o hadrian_o procure_v as_o anastasius_n say_v 119._o if_o they_o have_v receive_v it_o as_o a_o general_n council_n where_o be_v the_o authentic_a act_n of_o it_o or_o if_o they_o do_v not_o understand_v greek_a can_v they_o not_o have_v procure_v a_o better_a latin_a translation_n before_o the_o time_n of_o anastasius_n but_o the_o plain_a truth_n be_v although_o pope_n hadrian_n join_v with_o it_o and_o will_v not_o allow_v tarasius_n his_o be_v patriarch_n till_o he_o undertake_v to_o get_v the_o worship_n of_o image_n confirm_v yet_o the_o nicene_n council_n be_v so_o very_o ill_o receive_v in_o the_o western_a church_n that_o the_o follow_a pope_n be_v ashamed_a to_o call_v it_o a_o ecumenical_a council_n as_o binius_fw-la confess_v in_o the_o very_a word_n of_o baronius_n according_a to_o his_o custom_n and_o long_o after_o their_o time_n it_o be_v so_o little_o know_v or_o esteem_v in_o the_o western_a part_n 775._o that_o aquinas_n and_o the_o ancient_a schoolman_n never_o mention_v it_o in_o the_o matter_n of_o image_n but_o determine_v express_o against_o it_o which_o either_o show_v it_o be_v not_o know_v or_o have_v not_o any_o value_n put_v upon_o it_o for_o if_o baronius_n his_o reason_n hold_v good_a as_o soon_o as_o anastasius_n have_v finish_v his_o translation_n this_o council_n will_v have_v be_v as_o much_o know_v here_o as_o any_o other_o and_o so_o much_o the_o more_o because_o so_o many_o schoolman_n be_v concern_v to_o justify_v the_o worship_n of_o image_n and_o they_o be_v so_o much_o to_o seek_v for_o argument_n to_o defend_v it_o that_o they_o will_v have_v leap_v for_o joy_n to_o have_v have_v a_o decree_n of_o a_o allow_a general_n council_n on_o their_o side_n or_o if_o they_o have_v find_v it_o against_o they_o they_o will_v some_o way_n or_o other_o have_v answer_v it_o but_o the_o great_a testimony_n against_o it_o be_v the_o council_n of_o francford_n 8._o which_o express_o condemn_v it_o and_o as_o sirmondus_n confess_v francford_n do_v not_o look_v upon_o it_o as_o a_o oecumenial_a council_n because_o none_o but_o greek_n meet_v in_o it_o and_o other_o church_n be_v not_o ask_v their_o opinion_n nay_o he_o say_v that_o pope_n hadrian_n himself_o do_v not_o give_v it_o the_o title_n of_o a_o general_n council_n to_o this_o t._n g._n answer_n 148_o that_o what_o weight_n soever_o that_o exception_n carry_v at_o that_o time_n yet_o it_o be_v certain_a now_o it_o have_v no_o force_n at_o all_o since_o the_o council_n itself_o have_v for_o many_o hundred_o of_o year_n be_v accept_v as_o a_o true_a and_o lawful_a general_n council_n and_o its_o doctrine_n as_o catholic_n by_o all_o the_o province_n of_o christendom_n and_o the_o contrary_a to_o it_o condemn_v for_o heresy_n this_o latter_a be_v evident_o false_a as_o i_o have_v show_v before_o and_o there_o be_v no_o reason_n for_o the_o other_o for_o by_o the_o confession_n of_o their_o own_o writer_n the_o copy_n of_o this_o nicene_n council_n lie_v bury_v in_o these_o western_a part_n for_o many_o age_n which_o be_v the_o reason_n they_o give_v why_o the_o schoolman_n take_v no_o notice_n of_o it_o and_o in_o the_o former_a century_n the_o copy_n of_o it_o be_v first_o publish_v from_o some_o mss._n that_o be_v very_o little_o know_v the_o account_n whereof_o be_v that_o this_o council_n meet_v with_o so_o brisk_a a_o opposition_n from_o the_o council_n of_o francford_n and_o afterward_o from_o the_o gallican_n bishop_n and_o be_v reject_v here_o in_o england_n by_o the_o consent_n of_o our_o historian_n the_o very_a name_n of_o it_o be_v almost_o quite_o forget_v thence_o it_o never_o be_v once_o cite_v either_o by_o jonas_n aurelianensis_fw-la or_o walafridus_n strabo_n as_o spalatensis_n observe_v 59_o when_o they_o have_v the_o
subject_n to_o give_v homage_n to_o he_o and_o another_o day_n to_o be_v place_v upon_o the_o altar_n as_o he_o be_v after_o his_o election_n by_o the_o order_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n 6._o there_o to_o receive_v adoration_n from_o the_o cardinal_n as_o the_o vicar_n of_o christ_n will_v any_o man_n say_v he_o can_v see_v no_o difference_n in_o these_o because_o the_o same_o posture_n may_v be_v use_v in_o both_o although_o then_o the_o outward_a act_n may_v be_v the_o same_o yet_o the_o signification_n of_o those_o act_n may_v be_v far_o from_o equivocal_a because_o determine_v by_o the_o circumstance_n which_o do_v accompany_v they_o i_o grant_v then_o that_o the_o mere_a external_a act_n of_o adoration_n in_o bow_v or_o kneel_v may_v be_v give_v both_o on_o the_o account_n of_o honour_n and_o worship_n i._n e._n upon_o the_o account_n of_o excellency_n and_o superiority_n as_o some_o of_o the_o patriarch_n bow_v to_o angel_n as_o a_o token_n of_o honour_n of_o their_o excellency_n and_o not_o out_o of_o religious_a worship_n and_o man_n may_v bow_v and_o kneel_v to_o their_o sovereign_a prince_n on_o the_o account_n of_o civil_a worship_n and_o child_n to_o their_o parent_n in_o token_n of_o their_o subjection_n to_o they_o as_o well_o as_o creature_n to_o their_o creator_n in_o their_o solemn_a act_n of_o devotion_n but_o i_o say_v in_o all_o these_o case_n the_o different_a signification_n of_o these_o act_n be_v to_o be_v gather_v from_o the_o circumstance_n of_o they_o 3._o and_o that_o act_n of_o religious_a and_o civil_a worship_n may_v be_v distinguish_v from_o each_o other_o come_v the_o appointment_n of_o set_a time_n and_o place_n and_o solemn_a rite_n for_o the_o performance_n of_o religious_a worship_n from_o hence_o cicero_n give_v that_o definition_n of_o religion_n 53._o religio_fw-la est_fw-la quae_fw-la superioris_fw-la cujusdam_fw-la naturae_fw-la quam_fw-la divinam_fw-la vocant_fw-la curam_fw-la ceremoniamque_fw-la affert_fw-la therefore_o they_o think_v the_o solemn_a rite_n and_o circumstance_n of_o religious_a worship_n be_v sufficient_a to_o discriminate_a the_o nature_n of_o that_o worship_n from_o any_o other_o and_o these_o they_o think_v so_o peculiar_a to_o the_o divine_a nature_n that_o whatever_o be_v they_o give_v this_o solemn_a worship_n to_o they_o think_v to_o deserve_v the_o name_n of_o a_o deity_n although_o inferior_a and_o subordinate_a because_o these_o act_n of_o worship_n be_v appropriate_v to_o a_o divine_a be_v aquinas_n can_v deny_v that_o there_o be_v some_o external_a act_n of_o religion_n so_o peculiar_a to_o god_n that_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v give_v to_o any_o other_o 5._o and_o on_o this_o account_n he_o make_v religion_n a_o moral_a virtue_n and_o a_o part_n of_o justice_n because_o it_o be_v its_o office_n reddere_fw-la cultum_fw-la debitum_fw-la deo_fw-la to_o give_v god_n the_o worship_n which_o belong_v to_o he_o now_o say_v he_o because_o the_o excellency_n of_o god_n be_v peculiar_a to_o himself_o be_v infinite_o above_o all_o other_o therefore_o the_o worship_n which_o belong_v to_o he_o aught_o to_o be_v peculiar_a ad_fw-la religionem_fw-la pertinet_fw-la say_v cajetan_n 3._o exhibere_fw-la reverentiam_fw-la uni_fw-la deo_fw-la secundum_fw-la unam_fw-la rationem_fw-la in_fw-la quantum_fw-la sc_n est_fw-la primum_fw-la principium_fw-la creationis_fw-la &_o gubernationis_fw-la rerum_fw-la but_o since_o this_o reason_n of_o religious_a worship_n from_o the_o creation_n and_o government_n of_o the_o world_n be_v so_o peculiar_a to_o god_n as_o to_o be_v incommunicable_a to_o any_o else_o beside_o he_o be_v there_o not_o all_o the_o reason_n in_o the_o world_n that_o the_o act_n of_o this_o worship_n shall_v be_v peculiar_a to_o he_o too_o and_o upon_o this_o ground_n aquinas_n do_v grant_v it_o in_o the_o case_n of_o sacrifice_n 2._o hoc_fw-la etiam_fw-la videmus_fw-la in_o omni_fw-la republica_n observari_fw-la quod_fw-la summum_fw-la rectorem_fw-la aliquo_fw-la signo_fw-la singulari_fw-la honorant_fw-la quod_fw-la cuicunque_fw-la alteri_fw-la deferretur_fw-la esset_fw-la crimen_fw-la laesae_fw-la majestatis_fw-la &_o ideo_fw-la in_o lege_fw-la divina_fw-la statuitur_fw-la poena_fw-la mortis_fw-la iis_fw-la qui_fw-la divinum_fw-la honorem_fw-la aliis_fw-la exhibent_fw-la from_o whence_o we_o infer_v not_o only_o that_o there_o ought_v to_o be_v peculiar_a external_a act_n of_o religious_a worship_n appropriate_v to_o god_n but_o that_o the_o give_v the_o worship_n do_v by_o those_o act_n to_o any_o creature_n be_v a_o crime_n of_o the_o high_a nature_n the_o same_o aquinas_n 120._o dispute_v against_o the_o heathen_n say_v that_o it_o be_v a_o unreasonable_a thing_n to_o those_o that_o hold_v one_o first_o principle_n to_o give_v divine_a worship_n to_o any_o other_o beside_o he_o and_o we_o give_v worship_n to_o god_n not_o that_o he_o need_v it_o but_o that_o hereby_o the_o belief_n of_o one_o god_n may_v be_v confirm_v in_o we_o by_o external_a and_o sensible_a act_n which_o can_v be_v do_v say_v he_o unless_o there_o be_v some_o peculiar_a act_n of_o his_o worship_n and_o this_o we_o call_v divine_a worship_n beside_o this_o external_a worship_n be_v necessary_a to_o man_n to_o raise_v in_o their_o mind_n a_o spiritual_a reverence_n of_o god_n and_o we_o find_v that_o custom_n have_v a_o great_a influence_n on_o man_n mind_n but_o it_o be_v a_o custom_n among_o man_n that_o the_o honour_n or_o worship_n give_v to_o the_o supreme_a governor_n shall_v be_v give_v to_o none_o else_o therefore_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v much_o more_o so_o towards_o god_n because_o if_o a_o liberty_n be_v allow_v of_o give_v this_o worship_n to_o other_o of_o a_o high_a rank_n and_o not_o only_o to_o the_o supreme_a than_o man_n and_o angel_n may_v give_v divine_a worship_n to_o one_o another_o to_o which_o he_o add_v that_o the_o benefit_n we_o receive_v from_o god_n be_v peculiar_a to_o he_o as_o that_o of_o creation_n and_o preservation_n and_o that_o he_o be_v our_o lord_n by_o a_o proper_a title_n and_o angel_n and_o the_o best_a of_o creature_n be_v but_o his_o servant_n therefore_o we_o ought_v not_o to_o give_v the_o same_o worship_n to_o they_o that_o we_o do_v to_o god_n as_o our_o lord_n in_o his_o disputation_n about_o idolatry_n 2._o he_o show_v that_o the_o command_n exod._n 20._o do_v reach_n to_o external_a as_o well_o as_o internal_a worship_n and_o he_o argue_v against_o those_o who_o plead_v that_o all_o visible_a and_o external_a worship_n ought_v to_o be_v give_v to_o other_o god_n and_o only_o internal_a to_o the_o supreme_a god_n as_o be_v much_o better_a upon_o this_o principle_n that_o the_o external_a belong_v only_o to_o he_o to_o who_o the_o internal_a belong_v and_o he_o dispute_v against_o those_o heretic_n who_o think_v it_o lawful_a in_o time_n of_o persecution_n to_o give_v external_a worship_n to_o idol_n as_o long_o as_o they_o preserve_v the_o true_a faith_n in_o their_o mind_n for_o say_v he_o the_o external_a worship_n be_v a_o profession_n or_o sign_n of_o the_o internal_a but_o as_o it_o be_v a_o pernicious_a thing_n for_o a_o man_n to_o speak_v contrary_a to_o his_o mind_n so_o it_o be_v to_o act_v contrary_a to_o it_o and_o therefore_o s._n augustin_n condemn_v seneca_n as_o so_o much_o the_o more_o culpable_a in_o the_o worship_n of_o idol_n because_o he_o act_v against_o the_o sense_n of_o his_o own_o mind_n in_o the_o next_o article_n 3._o he_o show_v that_o idolatry_n be_v a_o sin_n of_o the_o high_a nature_n for_o say_v he_o as_o in_o a_o commonwealth_n it_o be_v the_o great_a crime_n to_o give_v the_o honour_n due_a to_o the_o sovereign_n to_o any_o other_o for_o this_o be_v as_o much_o as_o lie_v in_o a_o man_n to_o put_v all_o thing_n into_o disorder_n and_o confusion_n so_o among_o the_o sin_n that_o be_v commit_v against_o god_n that_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o great_a whereby_o a_o man_n give_v divine_a worship_n to_o a_o creature_n and_o say_v that_o it_o include_v blasphemy_n in_o it_o because_o it_o take_v away_o from_o god_n the_o peculiarity_n of_o his_o dominion_n cajetan_n there_o say_v that_o the_o idolater_n as_o much_o as_o in_o he_o lie_v tollit_fw-la à _fw-la deo_fw-la svam_fw-la singularem_fw-la excellentiam_fw-la qua_fw-la solus_fw-la est_fw-la deus_fw-la rob_v god_n of_o that_o peculiar_a excellency_n whereby_o he_o be_v god_n alone_o thus_o we_o see_v the_o necessity_n of_o some_o peculiar_a external_a act_n of_o divine_a worship_n be_v assert_v by_o these_o man_n in_o order_n to_o the_o preserve_v the_o belief_n and_o worship_n of_o one_o god_n in_o the_o world_n suarez_n grant_v 4._o that_o as_o the_o excellency_n of_o god_n be_v singular_a and_o above_o all_o creature_n so_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v a_o singular_a and_o incommunicable_a worship_n as_o be_v plain_a from_o those_o word_n of_o scripture_n thou_o shall_v worship_v the_o lord_n thy_o god_n and_o he_o only_o shall_v thou_o serve_v but_o then_o he_o make_v this_o worship_n
he_o make_v more_o of_o his_o own_o for_o he_o say_v these_o be_v samaritan_n sectary_n who_o be_v more_o precise_a than_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o jew_n and_o be_v much_o trouble_v at_o the_o cherubim_v in_o the_o temple_n and_o more_o at_o the_o respect_n which_o the_o christian_n tender_v to_o the_o image_n of_o christ_n and_o his_o saint_n i_o never_o see_v a_o more_o pitiful_a pretender_n to_o history_n than_o this_o author_n who_o if_o he_o offer_v to_o add_v to_o or_o vary_v from_o his_o original_a he_o make_v the_o matter_n worse_o than_o he_o find_v it_o for_o not_o one_o of_o his_o author_n in_o the_o margin_n say_v they_o be_v samaritan_n but_o only_a hebrew_n as_o zonaras_n and_o cedrenus_n his_o other_o author_n elmacinus_n and_o the_o chronicon_fw-la orientale_n have_v not_o one_o word_n about_o it_o where_o they_o mention_v jezid_v the_o chaliph_n of_o arabia_n and_o yet_o grant_v they_o be_v samaritan_n there_o be_v not_o the_o least_o ground_n for_o his_o say_n they_o be_v more_o precise_a in_o this_o matter_n of_o image_n than_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o jew_n for_o epiphanius_n himself_o 25._o who_o he_o quote_v suspect_v they_o of_o secret_a idolatry_n in_o mount_n gerizim_n and_o the_o jew_n general_o charge_v they_o with_o it_o for_o they_o say_v they_o worship_v the_o image_n of_o a_o dove_n on_o mount_n gerizim_n 16._o which_o maimonides_n affirm_v of_o they_o with_o great_a confidence_n and_o obadias_n bartenora_n with_o several_a other_o it_o be_v therefore_o very_o unhappy_a for_o this_o historian_n to_o pitch_v upon_o the_o samaritan_n sectary_n of_o all_o other_o as_o the_o beginner_n of_o the_o heresy_n of_o the_o iconoclast_n and_o be_v it_o not_o lucky_o do_v to_o begin_v a_o history_n with_o so_o palpable_a a_o falsehood_n but_o this_o be_v a_o pretty_a artifice_n to_o possess_v his_o reader_n at_o the_o entrance_n that_o none_o but_o samaritan_n sectary_n can_v be_v enemy_n to_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n which_o he_o know_v to_o have_v be_v the_o method_n of_o the_o second_o council_n of_o nice_a only_o he_o pursue_v it_o with_o great_a ignorance_n than_o they_o 2._o by_o fabulous_a story_n and_o lie_a miracle_n of_o the_o former_a we_o have_v many_o instance_n in_o the_o action_n of_o that_o famous_a council_n 251._o but_o i_o shall_v only_o mention_v that_o out_o of_o the_o limonarion_n of_o the_o pretend_a sophronius_n about_o the_o spirit_n of_o fornication_n haunt_v a_o monk_n who_o have_v a_o image_n of_o the_o bless_a virgin_n to_o who_o the_o devil_n say_v if_o thou_o will_v not_o worship_v that_o image_n i_o will_v trouble_v thou_o no_o more_o but_o the_o devil_n will_v not_o tell_v he_o this_o great_a secret_a till_o he_o have_v solemn_o promise_v he_o he_o will_v reveal_v it_o to_o no_o body_n the_o monk_n next_o day_n tell_v it_o to_o the_o abbot_n theodore_n who_o assure_v he_o he_o have_v better_o go_v into_o all_o the_o stew_n in_o the_o city_n than_o leave_v off_o the_o worship_n of_o that_o image_n with_o which_o the_o monk_n go_v away_o much_o comfort_v but_o the_o devil_n soon_o after_o charge_v he_o with_o perjury_n the_o monk_n reply_v he_o have_v forswear_v to_o god_n and_o not_o to_o he_o upon_o which_o john_n vicar_n of_o the_o oriental_a bishop_n say_v it_o be_v better_a to_o forswear_v one_o self_n than_o to_o keep_v a_o oath_n for_o the_o destruction_n of_o image_n and_o concern_v miracle_n it_o be_v observable_a that_o tarasius_n confess_v 223._o that_o their_o image_n do_v work_v none_o in_o their_o day_n because_o miracle_n be_v for_o unbeliever_n and_o yet_o manzo_n a_o bishop_n there_o present_a say_v 258._o he_o be_v cure_v of_o a_o disease_n by_o lay_v a_o image_n of_o christ_n upon_o the_o part_n affect_v bellarmin_n and_o baronius_n say_v 29._o the_o miracle_n of_o the_o image_n at_o berytus_n be_v do_v in_o those_o time_n and_o yet_o after_o the_o read_n the_o story_n which_o make_v the_o good_a father_n weep_v tharasius_n say_v those_o word_n which_o make_v this_o story_n by_o compare_v these_o circumstance_n together_o appear_v a_o mere_a fabulous_a imposture_n for_o in_o the_o council_n of_o nice_a the_o story_n be_v report_v as_o write_v by_o s._n athanasius_n near_o four_o hundred_o year_n before_o but_o not_o only_o those_o author_n but_o sigebert_n say_v it_o be_v do_v a._n d._n 765._o and_o lambecius_n undertake_v to_o prove_v that_o this_o story_n be_v never_o write_v by_o s._n athanasius_n but_o most_o remarkable_a be_v the_o passage_n which_o eutychius_n the_o patriarch_n of_o alexandria_n relate_v concern_v the_o occasion_n of_o theophilus_n the_o emperor_n extirpate_v image_n out_o of_o church_n 448._o one_o of_o the_o courtier_n have_v tell_v he_o there_o be_v a_o image_n of_o the_o bless_a virgin_n from_o who_o breast_n there_o drop_v milk_n upon_o her_o day_n but_o search_v be_v make_v the_o cheat_n be_v discover_v the_o church_n officer_n execute_v and_o all_o image_n prohibit_v if_o all_o the_o impostor_n of_o this_o kind_n be_v deal_v with_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n there_o will_v be_v few_o pretence_n to_o miracle_n wrought_v by_o image_n than_o there_o be_v 3._o by_o cry_v up_o those_o for_o martyr_n who_o suffer_v for_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n and_o oppose_v the_o imperial_a edict_n for_o pull_v they_o down_o thus_o pope_n gregory_n 2._o in_o his_o epistle_n to_o leo_n magnify_v the_o zeal_n of_o the_o woman_n who_o kill_v the_o emperor_n officer_n who_o be_v send_v to_o demolish_v the_o image_n of_o christ_n call_v antiphoneta_n leon._n and_o afterward_o suffer_v themselves_o for_o the_o tumult_n they_o raise_v in_o the_o city_n but_o this_o be_v not_o the_o only_a act_n of_o zeal_n in_o the_o woman_n in_o this_o good_a cause_n for_o as_o baronius_n relate_v it_o 12._o out_o of_o the_o act_n of_o stephanus_n extant_a in_o damascens_n work_v when_o a_o new_a patriarch_n be_v set_v up_o in_o the_o room_n of_o germanus_n they_o shake_v off_o all_o modesty_n and_o run_v into_o the_o church_n and_o throw_v stone_n at_o the_o patriarch_n and_o call_v he_o hireling_n wolf_n and_o what_o not_o one_o need_v not_o wonder_v at_o the_o mighty_a zeal_n of_o the_o woman_n in_o this_o cause_n for_o as_o pope_n gregory_n notable_o observe_v on_o behalf_n of_o image_n the_o woman_n be_v wont_a to_o take_v the_o little_a child_n in_o their_o arm_n 2._o and_o show_v they_o this_o and_o the_o other_o image_n which_o contribute_v mighty_o to_o the_o infallibility_n of_o oral_a tradition_n when_o the_o woman_n and_o nurse_n can_v point_v with_o their_o finger_n to_o the_o article_n of_o faith_n elegant_o express_v in_o picture_n which_o the_o child_n do_v delight_n to_o look_v upon_o the_o great_a number_n of_o martyr_n in_o this_o cause_n of_o which_o baronius_n glory_v consist_v chief_o of_o woman_n and_o monk_n who_o be_v the_o most_o zealous_a champion_n in_o it_o and_o the_o late_a historian_n can_v hardly_o abstain_v from_o make_v the_o empress_n irene_n a_o martyr_n in_o this_o cause_n for_o in_o his_o epistle_n to_o the_o queen_n a_o lady_n of_o so_o incomparable_o great_a virtue_n and_o goodness_n 3.5_o that_o it_o be_v a_o affront_n to_o her_o majesty_n to_o commend_v such_o a_o one_o to_o her_o protection_n he_o have_v the_o boldness_n to_o tell_v she_o that_o the_o only_a imputation_n which_o assault_v those_o princess_n repute_n viz._n irene_n and_o theodora_n be_v their_o piety_n in_o restore_v the_o religious_a use_n and_o veneration_n of_o holy_a image_n to_o the_o eastern_a empire_n what_o can_v be_v expect_v from_o such_o a_o historian_n who_o dare_v in_o the_o face_n of_o the_o world_n tell_v her_o majesty_n so_o impudent_a a_o falsehood_n for_o zonaras_n cedrenus_n glycas_n theophanes_n constantinus_n manasses_n 91._o although_o friend_n to_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n yet_o all_o accuse_v irene_n of_o intolerable_a ambition_n and_o cruelty_n to_o her_o son_n the_o emperor_n constantine_n and_o to_o all_o his_o kindred_n nay_o baronius_n himself_o who_o mince_v the_o matter_n as_o much_o as_o may_v be_v say_v 8._o that_o if_o she_o use_v those_o cruelty_n to_o her_o son_n out_o of_o a_o desire_n of_o empire_n as_o the_o greek_a historian_n say_v she_o do_v she_o be_v worse_a than_o agrippina_n but_o const._n manasses_n as_o zealous_a as_o any_o for_o image_n make_v she_o worse_o than_o a_o tiger_n or_o lion_n or_o bear_v or_o dragon_n for_o her_o cruelty_n and_o he_o can_v think_v of_o no_o parallel_n for_o she_o among_o woman_n but_o medea_n and_o be_v not_o this_o a_o excellent_a confessor_n at_o least_o if_o not_o a_o martyr_n in_o this_o cause_n a_o person_n fit_a to_o be_v commend_v to_o her_o majesty_n protection_n as_o one_o that_o suffer_v only_o under_o the_o imputation_n of_o her_o zeal_n for_o image_n but_o if_o any_o be_v give_v up_o to_o